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呂祖《道德經》釋義第五章

德玄 2024-10-30 16:52:08

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天地(di)不仁(ren)章第(di)五

        天地不仁(ren),以萬物為(wei)芻(chu)狗,圣人不仁(ren),以百姓(xing)為(wei)芻(chu)狗。天地之間(jian),其猶(you)橐(tuo)tuó籥yuè乎(hu)?虛而(er)不屈(qu),動(dong)而(er)愈出。多言(yan)數窮,不如(ru)守中。

        此(ci)章(zhang)是(shi)用(yong)默。以歸于不(bu)(bu)言,而(er)心(xin)(xin)(xin)神領(ling)會(hui)其至(zhi)道之(zhi)(zhi)妙,用(yong)意如(ru)萌,止存其性而(er)不(bu)(bu)知其身(shen),天(tian)地(di)(di)乃至(zhi)高(gao)至(zhi)厚(hou),居(ju)無德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)體,恩澤布于萬(wan)物(wu)(wu),而(er)無施仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin),“不(bu)(bu)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”是(shi)天(tian)地(di)(di)無容心(xin)(xin)(xin)以仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)施萬(wan)物(wu)(wu),萬(wan)物(wu)(wu)得天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)太和(he),故生之(zhi)(zhi)育(yu)之(zhi)(zhi),長之(zhi)(zhi)成之(zhi)(zhi),此(ci)天(tian)地(di)(di)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也。乃天(tian)地(di)(di)容萬(wan)物(wu)(wu)而(er)萬(wan)物(wu)(wu)感,天(tian)地(di)(di)化(hua)育(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)德(de),不(bu)(bu)有形跡(ji),是(shi)“上(shang)德(de)不(bu)(bu)德(de)、上(shang)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”處,正是(shi)為至(zhi)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也。天(tian)地(di)(di)以不(bu)(bu)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)長存,修身(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)圣人(ren),效(xiao)天(tian)地(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),運化(hua)育(yu)于一身(shen)。百(bai)姓(xing),指一身(shen)而(er)言之(zhi)(zhi),非他是(shi)我之(zhi)(zhi)意也。身(shen)為國,心(xin)(xin)(xin)為君(jun),意為民,心(xin)(xin)(xin)以無為為化(hua)身(shen),意以無為守(shou)法,如(ru)此(ci)是(shi)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也。冥(ming)冥(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong),不(bu)(bu)見(jian)施仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),是(shi)圣人(ren)效(xiao)天(tian)地(di)(di)“上(shang)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”處而(er)修己,故乃以百(bai)姓(xing)為天(tian)地(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)芻(chu)狗(gou)。

        天地(di)不仁(ren),無(wu)(wu)(wu)聲無(wu)(wu)(wu)臭,高也明也,博也厚也,此(ci)天地(di)之仁(ren)也,而(er)(er)(er)萬物感之,不見(jian)其仁(ren),此(ci)所以(yi)不仁(ren)處(chu),而(er)(er)(er)仁(ren)大(da)矣,此(ci)所以(yi)不見(jian)仁(ren),而(er)(er)(er)仁(ren)宏矣。此(ci)是(shi)(shi)天地(di)之修,亦是(shi)(shi)天地(di)之橐籥(yue)(yue),為(wei)天地(di),尚以(yi)“無(wu)(wu)(wu)”為(wei)橐籥(yue)(yue),為(wei)人修身,可(ke)(ke)不效天地(di)以(yi)“無(wu)(wu)(wu)”而(er)(er)(er)為(wei)橐籥(yue)(yue)?天地(di)之間,無(wu)(wu)(wu)何以(yi)修身?其猶橐籥(yue)(yue),而(er)(er)(er)以(yi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)為(wei)為(wei)之乎?是(shi)(shi)以(yi)修身,用虛(xu)而(er)(er)(er)不屈(qu),強(qiang)為(wei)之名用。虛(xu)以(yi)修者,領虛(xu)之美,得虛(xu)之妙,無(wu)(wu)(wu)處(chu)強(qiang)名,無(wu)(wu)(wu)處(chu)強(qiang)道,虛(xu)之極而(er)(er)(er)動方生,一動愈出(chu),美而(er)(er)(er)愈知(zhi)其妙,到此(ci)難言(yan)矣。多言(yan)而(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)可(ke)(ke)言(yan),故數窮,不如知(zhi)我(wo)之美,會(hui)我(wo)之妙,抱我(wo)至(zhi)中至(zhi)道,而(er)(er)(er)守(shou)我(wo)冥忘之理(li)(li),常存真一之氣,以(yi)樂天真,豈不謂(wei)圣(sheng)人修身,效天地(di)之不仁(ren)也哉(zai)?虛(xu)之理(li)(li)妙矣,天地(di)之不仁(ren),仁(ren)矣,玄(xuan)玄(xuan)乎至(zhi)大(da)至(zhi)剛也。

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