屬(shu)性：（論一首、方六首）論曰(yue)(yue)(yue)∶病咳唾(tuo)膿(nong)血，其(qi)脈(mo)數實者屬(shu)肺(fei)癰(yong)(yong)，虛者屬(shu)肺(fei)痿。咳而(er)(er)口(kou)中(zhong)(zhong)自有津液，舌上(shang)胎滑(hua)，此(ci)(ci)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)浮(fu)寒，非肺(fei)痿。若口(kou)中(zhong)(zhong)辟燥，咳即胸(xiong)中(zhong)(zhong)隱隱痛，脈(mo)反滑(hua)數，此(ci)(ci)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)肺(fei)癰(yong)(yong)也。問曰(yue)(yue)(yue)∶病者咳逆，師(shi)脈(mo)之(zhi)何以(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)肺(fei)癰(yong)(yong)，當有膿(nong)血吐之(zhi)則(ze)死(si)，后竟吐膿(nong)死(si)。其(qi)脈(mo)何類何以(yi)(yi)(yi)別之(zhi)？師(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)∶寸口(kou)脈(mo)微(wei)而(er)(er)數，微(wei)則(ze)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)風，數則(ze)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)熱；微(wei)則(ze)汗出(chu)，數則(ze)惡寒。風中(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)衛，呼氣不(bu)入(ru)。熱過于(yu)營，吸而(er)(er)不(bu)出(chu)。風傷(shang)皮毛，熱傷(shang)血脈(mo)，風舍于(yu)肺(fei)，其(qi)人(ren)則(ze)咳，口(kou)干喘(chuan)滿，咽燥不(bu)渴(ke)，多唾(tuo)濁沫，時(shi)時(shi)振寒，熱之(zhi)所過，血為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)凝(ning)滯，蓄結癰(yong)(yong)膿(nong)，吐如米粥，始萌(meng)可救，膿(nong)已成則(ze)難治。寸口(kou)脈(mo)數趺陽(yang)脈(mo)緊，寒熱相搏，故(gu)振寒而(er)(er)咳，趺陽(yang)脈(mo)浮(fu)緩，胃氣如經，此(ci)(ci)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)肺(fei)癰(yong)(yong)。師(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)∶振寒發(fa)熱，寸口(kou)脈(mo)滑(hua)而(er)(er)數，其(qi)人(ren)飲食起居(ju)如故(gu)，此(ci)(ci)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)癰(yong)(yong)腫病，醫反不(bu)知(zhi)而(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)傷(shang)寒治之(zhi)，不(bu)應(ying)愈也。何以(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)有膿(nong)？膿(nong)之(zhi)所在(zai)，何以(yi)(yi)(yi)別知(zhi)其(qi)處？師(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)∶假令膿(nong)在(zai)胸(xiong)中(zhong)(zhong)者為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)肺(fei)癰(yong)(yong)，其(qi)脈(mo)數，咳唾(tuo)有膿(nong)血。
設(she)膿(nong)未成(cheng)，其脈自緊數，緊去但數，膿(nong)為(wei)已成(cheng)也(ye)。
屬性(xing)：治(zhi)咳(ke)胸中滿(man)而(er)振寒，脈數咽干而(er)不渴(ke)，時時出濁(zhuo)唾腥(xing)臭，久(jiu)久(jiu)吐膿如米粥，是(shi)為肺癰方(fang)。
桔梗（三兩(liang)，《集驗(yan)方》用(yong)二(er)兩(liang)，《古今錄驗(yan)方》用(yong)一(yi)兩(liang)）甘草（二(er)兩(liang)）上二(er)味、咀，以水三升，煮取一(yi)升，去滓，分二(er)服，必吐膿血也。（一(yi)方有款冬花一(yi)兩(liang)半。
屬性：治肺(fei)癰喘不得臥(wo)方(fang)。
葶藶(li)（三兩(liang)為末）大棗(zao)（二(er)十枚）上二(er)味、咀，以水二(er)升先煮棗(zao)，取二(er)升，去棗(zao)納葶藶(li)二(er)方寸匕(bi)，煮取七(qi)合，頓(dun)服(fu)(fu)，令(ling)盡，三日(ri)服(fu)(fu)一(yi)劑(ji)，可(ke)至(zhi)三四劑(ji)。治肺癰胸(xiong)脅脹，一(yi)身面目(mu)浮腫，鼻塞(sai)(sai)清涕出，不(bu)聞香臭(chou)，咳逆上氣，喘鳴迫塞(sai)(sai)，宜先進小青龍湯，卻服(fu)(fu)前藥。（小青龍湯方見前第九卷傷寒門(men)。）
屬性：治肺癰初起，咳(ke)逆上氣，時時濁唾，但坐(zuo)不(bu)得臥(wo)方。
皂(zao)莢八兩為(wei)末(mo)，蜜(mi)丸如梧子大，以大棗膏和湯，服三(san)丸，日三(san)服，夜(ye)一服。（《必效方》以酥炙(zhi)皂(zao)莢。）
屬性：治(zhi)咳(ke)有微熱(re)煩滿，胸心甲錯(cuo)，是為肺癰(yong)者方。
黃昏手掌大一塊，是合昏皮也。咀，以水(shui)三(san)升煮取一升，分二服。
屬性：薏(yi)苡仁、瓜瓣(ban)（各(ge)半(ban)升）桃仁（三(san)十枚(mei)）葦(wei)莖（切二(er)升，水二(er)斗，煮取(qu)(qu)五升，去上四味、咀，納(na)葦(wei)汁中煮取(qu)(qu)二(er)升，服(fu)一升，當有所見吐膿血。
屬性：治肺癰(yong)吐涎沫不止方。
桂枝、生姜（各三兩）甘(gan)草（二(er)兩）皂莢（一(yi)兩）大棗（十(shi)五(wu)枚）上五(wu)味、咀，以水七升，煮取三升，去滓(zi)，分三服。
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千金方是第一個，備急千金方
《備急千金要方》序
夫清濁剖判，上下攸分，三才肇基，五行 落，萬物淳樸，無得而稱。燧人氏出，觀斗極以定方名，始有火化。伏羲氏作，因之而畫八卦、立庖廚，滋味既興， 瘵萌起。大圣神農氏憫黎元之多疾，遂嘗百藥以救療之，猶未盡善。黃帝受命，創制九針，與方士岐伯、雷公之倫，備論經脈，旁通問難，詳究義理，以為經論，故后世可得根據而暢焉。春秋之際，良醫和緩，六國之時，則有扁鵲，漢有倉公，仲景，魏有華佗，并皆探賾索隱，窮幽洞微，用藥不過二三，灸炷不逾七八，而疾無不愈者。晉宋以來，雖復名醫間出，然治十不能愈五六，良由今人嗜欲太甚，立心不常，淫放縱逸，有闕攝養所致耳。余緬尋圣人設教，欲使家家自學，人人自曉。君親有疾不能療之者，非忠孝也。末俗小人，多行詭詐，倚傍圣教而為欺 ，遂令朝野士庶咸恥醫術之名。多教子弟誦短文，枸小策，以求出身之道。醫治之術，闕而弗論，吁可怪也。嗟乎！深乖圣賢之本意。吾幼遭風冷，屢造醫門，湯藥之資，罄盡家產。所以青衿之歲，高尚茲典；白首之年，未嘗釋卷。至于切脈診候，采藥合和，服餌節度，將息避慎，一事長于己者，不遠千里伏膺取決。至于弱冠，頗覺有悟，是以親鄰國中外有疾厄者，多所濟益。在身之患，斷絕醫門，故知方藥本草不可不學。吾見諸方部帙浩博，忽遇倉猝，求檢至難，比得方訖，疾已不救矣。嗚呼！痛夭枉之幽厄，惜墮學之昏愚，乃博采群經，刪裁繁重，務在簡易，以為《備急千金要方》一部，凡三十卷。雖不能究盡病源，但使留意于斯者，亦思過半矣。以為人命至重，有貴千金，一方濟之，德逾于此，故以為名也。未可傳于士族，庶以貽厥私門。張仲景曰∶當今居世之士，曾不留神醫藥，精究方術，上以療君親之疾，下以救貧賤之厄，中以保身長全，以養其生。而但競逐榮勢，企踵權豪，孜孜汲汲，唯名利是務，崇飾其末，而忽棄其本，欲華其表而悴其內，皮之不存，毛將安附？進不能愛人知物，退不能愛躬知己，卒然遇邪風之氣，嬰非常之疾，患及禍至而后震栗。身居厄地，蒙蒙昧昧，戇若游魂，降志屈節，欽望巫祝，告究歸天，束手受敗。 百年之壽命，將至貴之重器，委付庸醫，恣其所措，咄嗟喑嗚，厥身已斃，神明消滅，變為異物，幽潛重泉，徒為涕泣。夫舉世昏迷，莫能覺悟，自棄若是，夫何榮勢之云哉。此之謂也。
千金翼方
序
原夫神醫秘術，至賾參于道樞。寶餌凝靈，宏功浹于真畛。知關 玄牡，駐歷之效已深。轡策天機，全生之德為大。稽炎農于紀 ，資太一而返營魂。鏡軒后于遺編，事歧伯而宣藥力，故能嘗味之績，郁騰天壤，診體之教，播在神寰。醫道由是濫觴，時義肇基于此。亦有志其大者，高密問紫文之術；先其遠者，伯陽流玉冊之經；擬斯壽于乾坤，豈伊芳難老。儔厥齡于龜鶴，詎可蠲 。茲乃大道之真以持身抑斯之謂也。若其業濟含靈，命懸茲乎，則有越人徹視于腑臟，秦和動達于膏肓，仲景候色而驗眉，元化刳腸而湔胃，斯皆方軌迭跡，思韞入神之妙；極變探幽，精超絕代之巧。晉宋方技既其無繼，齊梁醫術曾何足云。若夫醫道之為言，實惟意也。固以神存心手之際，意析毫芒之里。當其情之所得，口不能言；數之所在，言不能諭。然則三部九候，乃經絡之樞機。氣少神余，亦針刺之鈞軸。況乎良醫則貴察聲色，神工則深究萌芽。心考錙銖，安假懸衡之驗，敏同機駭，曾無掛發之淹。非天下之至精，其孰能與于此。是故先王鏤之于玉板，往圣藏之以金匱，豈不以營迭至道括囊真頤者歟。
余幼智蔑聞，老成無已。才非公干，夙嬰沉疾。德異士安，早纏 瘵。所以志學之歲，馳百金而徇經方。耄及之年，竟三余而勤藥餌。酌華公之錄帙，異術同窺。采葛生之玉函，奇方
畢綜。每以為(wei)生(sheng)者兩儀之(zhi)大德(de)，人(ren)者五行之(zhi)秀氣。氣化則(ze)人(ren)育，伊芳人(ren)稟氣而(er)存。德(de)合則(ze)生(sheng)成，是生(sheng)曰德(de)而(er)立。既知生(sheng)不(bu)再于(yu)我，人(ren)處(chu)物為(wei)靈(ling)，可幸(xing)蘊靈(ling)心(xin)闕頤我性源者。由檢(jian)押(ya)神秘(mi)，幽(you)求今古，撰方(fang)一(yi)部，號曰千金，可以濟物攝生(sheng)，可以窮微(wei)盡(jin)性。猶恐岱山臨(lin)目，必昧秋毫之(zhi)端；雷霆在耳(er)；或(huo)遺玉石之(zhi)響。所(suo)以更撰方(fang)翼(yi)三十卷，共成一(yi)家之(zhi)學(xue)。譬 之(zhi)相濟，運轉無涯。等(deng)羽翼(yi)之(zhi)交(jiao)飛，摶搖不(bu)測。矧夫易道深矣(yi)，孔宣系十翼(yi)之(zhi)辭；玄(xuan)文奧矣(yi)，陸(lu)績增玄(xuan)翼(yi)之(zhi)說。或(huo)沿斯義，述此方(fang)名矣(yi)。貽厥子孫，永為(wei)家訓(xun)。雖未能(neng)譬言中庶(shu)，比潤上池，亦足(zu)以慕遠測深，稽門叩鍵(jian)者哉。倘經目于(yu)君子，庶(shu)知余之(zhi)所(suo)志焉。
“君(jun)親有疾，不能療(liao)之者，非忠孝(xiao)也(ye)”，這句話來自唐代(dai)醫學家孫思邈的《備急千(qian)金要方》。
這(zhe)句(ju)(ju)話的(de)意思(si)是(shi)：如果在君上(shang)或者親人(ren)生病的(de)時候，不能為他們(men)治療的(de)不是(shi)忠(zhong)孝的(de)人(ren)。這(zhe)句(ju)(ju)話旨在要(yao)重視(shi)忠(zhong)孝之道(dao)，這(zhe)也是(shi)儒家所推崇的(de)。這(zhe)句(ju)(ju)話是(shi)在告誡人(ren)們(men)要(yao)重視(shi)忠(zhong)孝之道(dao)。
孫(sun)思(si)邈(miao)很重視(shi)在民間治療的經驗，四處(chu)走訪，而(er)記錄(lu)成書《備急千金要方》，這本(ben)書對后世(shi)影響深遠。在書中孫(sun)思(si)邈(miao)就寫到(dao)了這句“君(jun)親有疾，不能療之者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，非忠(zhong)孝(xiao)也(ye)(ye)”，儒者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)提倡要盡孝(xiao)，道德(de)(de)，而(er)這句話正是在告訴醫者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，也(ye)(ye)要把(ba)盡孝(xiao)道德(de)(de)銘記于心。
擴展資料
孫思邈在數十年的(de)臨床實踐中，深(shen)感(gan)古代醫方的(de)散亂浩繁(fan)和難(nan)以(yi)檢(jian)索，因而博取群經，勤求古訓(xun)，并結合自己的(de)臨床經驗，編著(zhu)成《千(qian)金要方》和《千(qian)金翼方》反映了唐初醫學的(de)發展水平。
孫(sun)思邈在醫(yi)學(xue)上的(de)成(cheng)就是多方面(mian)的(de)。在傷寒學(xue)方面(mian)，他(ta)將《傷寒論》內容(rong)，較完整地(di)收集在《千金(jin)要方》中。他(ta)總結婦、兒科成(cheng)就，提(ti)出(chu)(chu)應各獨(du)立(li)設科，對婦、 兒科形成(cheng)專科有促進作用。 他(ta)提(ti)出(chu)(chu)的(de)婦女孕期(qi)前(qian)后的(de)注意事項與當前(qian)圍產醫(yi)學(xue)的(de)內容(rong)有不少符合(he)之處(chu)。
他對嬰兒生長的觀察及護理方法亦富科學內容。在對疾病(bing)(bing)認識上，如(ru)對附骨疽(ju)（骨關(guan)節結核(he)）的好(hao)發部位(wei)，消渴（糖尿病(bing)(bing)）與癰疽(ju)的關(guan)系，有關(guan)麻風、腳氣、夜盲、甲(jia)狀腺(xian)腫的描述和(he)治療等都有創見。
還(huan)倡行了蔥管導尿術(shu)、食道異物剔(ti)除術(shu)以及自家(jia)血(xue)、膿接(jie)種以防(fang)治(zhi)癤病的免疫(yi)法等(deng)。在養(yang)生延年方面，提倡按(an)摩、導引、散步、輕微勞動及食治(zhi)、講求衛生等(deng)結合，為(wei)老年病防(fang)治(zhi)留下了寶(bao)貴(gui)經驗。
目(mu)錄1拼音2《幼幼新書(shu)》卷三十七 2.1方名2.2組(zu)成2.3主治2.4麝香(xiang)犀角(jiao)丹(dan)的(de)用法用量2.5制備方法 附：1古籍中的(de)麝香(xiang)犀角(jiao)丹(dan) 1拼音 shè xiāng xī jiǎo dān
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《麻(ma)疹(zhen)備要(yao)方(fang)論》：麻(ma)疹(zhen)備用(yong)諸方(fang) 貯。文蛤散雄(xiong)黃(huang)(huang)（五錢(qian)）五倍(bei)子（二錢(qian)）枯礬（八分(fen)）麝香（五厘）共為(wei)末，用(yong)吹牙疳甚(shen)效(xiao)。雄(xiong)黃(huang)(huang)散雄(xiong)黃(huang)(huang)（一錢(qian)）...
《臨(lin)證(zheng)指(zhi)南(nan)醫(yi)案》：[卷七]痙厥
目錄1拼音2《備急(ji)千金要方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》卷(juan)(juan)十七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 2.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)2.2七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)別(bie)名(ming)(ming)2.3組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)2.4主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2.5七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)2.6各(ge)家論(lun)述2.7附注 3《三因極一(yi)病證方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)論(lun)》卷(juan)(juan)十一(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 3.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)3.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)3.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)3.4七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)3.5制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa) 4《全(quan)生(sheng)指(zhi)迷(mi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》卷(juan)(juan)二(er)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 4.1七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)別(bie)名(ming)(ming)4.2處方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)4.3制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)4.4功能主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)4.5七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)4.6摘錄 5《證治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)準(zhun)繩·類方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》第(di)四冊(ce)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 5.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)5.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)5.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)5.4七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang) 6《類證治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)裁》卷(juan)(juan)二(er)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)7《宋·太平(ping)惠民和劑(ji)局方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 7.1處方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)7.2炮制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)7.3功能主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)7.4七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)7.5摘錄 8《理傷續斷方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 8.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)8.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)8.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)8.4七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang) 9《雞峰普濟方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》卷(juan)(juan)二(er)十之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 9.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)9.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)9.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)9.4七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang) 10《全(quan)生(sheng)指(zhi)迷(mi)》卷(juan)(juan)二(er)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 10.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)10.2七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)別(bie)名(ming)(ming)10.3組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)10.4功效10.5主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)10.6七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)10.7制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)10.8附注 11《風癆(lao)臌膈》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 11.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)11.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)11.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)11.4七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang) 12《普濟方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》卷(juan)(juan)一(yi)八二(er)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 12.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)12.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)12.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)12.4七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang) 13《外臺秘要》卷(juan)(juan)十二(er)引《深(shen)師方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 13.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)13.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)13.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)13.4七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)13.5制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)13.6用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥禁忌 14《圣濟總(zong)(zong)錄》卷(juan)(juan)四十六之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 14.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)14.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)14.3功效14.4主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)14.5七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)14.6加(jia)(jia)減(jian)14.7制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa) 15《圣濟總(zong)(zong)錄》卷(juan)(juan)六十七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 15.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)15.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)15.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)15.4七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)15.5加(jia)(jia)減(jian)15.6制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa) 16《圣濟總(zong)(zong)錄》卷(juan)(juan)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)十一(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 16.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)16.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)16.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)16.4七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)16.5制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa) 17《女(nv)(nv)科(ke)萬(wan)(wan)金方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 17.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)17.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)17.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)17.4七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang) 18《鄭氏家傳女(nv)(nv)科(ke)萬(wan)(wan)金方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 18.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)18.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)18.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)18.4加(jia)(jia)減(jian) 19《普濟方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》卷(juan)(juan)一(yi)八一(yi)引《澹寮》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 19.1方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)名(ming)(ming)19.2組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)19.3主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 20參考(kao)資料附：1古籍(ji)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)七(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 1拼音 qī qì tāng
2《備(bei)急(ji)千(qian)金要方(fang)(fang)》卷十七方(fang)(fang)之七氣湯 《備(bei)急(ji)千(qian)金要方(fang)(fang)》卷十七方(fang)(fang)之七氣湯，其組(zu)成(cheng)為(wei)人(ren)參、炙(zhi)甘草、肉(rou)桂（去粗皮）各一兩，半夏（湯洗(xi)七遍，切片(pian)(pian)焙干）五(wu)兩。為(wei)粗末(mo)，每(mei)服三錢，加(jia)生姜三片(pian)(pian)，水煎，食前服。治虛冷上逆(ni)，及七情內結，積聚(ju)堅牢(lao)，心腹絞痛，不能(neng)飲食[1]。
3《三因極(ji)一(yi)(yi)病證方(fang)論(lun)》卷十一(yi)(yi)方(fang)之七氣湯(tang)(tang) 《三因極(ji)一(yi)(yi)病證方(fang)論(lun)》卷十一(yi)(yi)方(fang)之七氣湯(tang)(tang)，其組(zu)成為半夏（湯(tang)(tang)洗）五兩(liang)(liang)，姜(jiang)厚樸、桂心(xin)各(ge)三兩(liang)(liang)，茯(fu)苓、白芍(shao)藥各(ge)四兩(liang)(liang)，紫蘇葉、橘皮(pi)各(ge)二兩(liang)(liang)，人參一(yi)(yi)兩(liang)(liang)。為粗末，每服四錢(qian)，加生姜(jiang)七片，大棗一(yi)(yi)枚。水(shui)煎，空(kong)腹服。治喜怒憂思(si)悲(bei)恐驚七氣郁發，致五臟互(hu)相刑(xing)克，陰(yin)陽反戾，揮霍變(bian)亂(luan)，吐利交作，寒熱(re)，眩暈，痞滿，咽塞(sai)[1]。
服。
4《全生(sheng)指(zhi)迷(mi)方》卷(juan)二方之七(qi)氣湯 《全生(sheng)指(zhi)迷(mi)方》卷(juan)二方之七(qi)氣湯又名(ming)大指(zhi)迷(mi)七(qi)氣湯。其(qi)組成為三棱、莪術、青皮(pi)(pi)、陳皮(pi)(pi)、香附、桔梗、藿香葉、桂心、益智仁各一兩半，炙(zhi)甘草(cao)三錢(qian)。為末，每服五(wu)錢(qian)，加生(sheng)姜二片，大棗二枚，水煎、食(shi)前服。治(zhi)七(qi)情相干，陰陽升降，氣道(dao)壅滯，攻沖作(zuo)疼。《胡氏(shi)經效(xiao)方》有(you)沉香半兩，無陳皮(pi)(pi)[1]。
5《證治(zhi)準(zhun)繩·類方(fang)》第四冊方(fang)之七氣(qi)湯 《證治(zhi)準(zhun)繩·類方(fang)》第四冊方(fang)之七氣(qi)湯，其組成為半夏（湯泡洗）三(san)錢，桂心、延胡索（炒(chao)，去皮(pi)）各二錢半，人參、乳香、甘草(cao)各一線(xian)。加生姜五大片，大棗二枚，水煎，食遠服。治(zhi)七情為病，心腹刺痛(tong)不可忍；或(huo)外(wai)感風寒濕氣(qi)作痛(tong)[1]。
6《類證(zheng)治裁》卷(juan)二(er)方(fang)之(zhi)七氣(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang) 《類證(zheng)治裁》卷(juan)二(er)方(fang)之(zhi)七氣(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)即四七湯(tang)[1]。四七湯(tang)出自《太平惠民和劑局方(fang)》卷(juan)四引(yin)《易(yi)簡(jian)方(fang)》方(fang)。又名厚樸(pu)半夏湯(tang)、大七氣(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)、七氣(qi)(qi)(qi)湯(tang)。半夏五兩，茯苓四兩，紫蘇(su)葉二(er)兩，厚樸(pu)三兩。為粗末，每服(fu)(fu)四錢，加生(sheng)姜七片，大棗(zao)一枚，水煎服(fu)(fu)。功能(neng)行氣(qi)(qi)(qi)散結，化痰降逆。治痰氣(qi)(qi)(qi)互結，咽中如有物(wu)梗(geng)塞，咯之(zhi)不出，咽之(zhi)不下，狀如炙臠，或中脘痞(pi)滿不舒，痰盛氣(qi)(qi)(qi)急，嘔逆惡心，及(ji)婦人惡阻(zu)等[2]。
7《宋·太平惠民和劑局方》之七氣湯
8《理傷續斷方》之七氣湯
9《雞峰普濟方》卷二十之七氣湯
10《全生指迷》卷二之七氣湯
11《風癆臌膈》之七氣湯
12《普濟方》卷一八二之七氣湯
13《外臺秘要》卷十二引《深師方》之七氣湯
14《圣濟總錄》卷四十六之七氣湯
15《圣濟總錄》卷六十七之七氣湯
16《圣濟總錄》卷七十一之七氣湯
17《女科萬金方》之七氣湯
18《鄭氏家傳女科萬金方》之七氣湯
19《普濟方》卷一八一引《澹寮》之七氣湯
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