夫人有賢不肖之殊,卦有過不及之異。太過者損之斯成,不及者益之則利。[原(yuan)文(wen)]夫人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有賢不(bu)(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)殊(shu),卦(gua)(gua)(gua)有過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)異(yi)。太(tai)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)者(zhe)(zhe)損(sun)(sun)之(zhi)(zhi)斯成(cheng)(cheng),不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)益之(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)利(li)。(注)賢不(bu)(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)殊(shu),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)齊也;過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)異(yi),卦(gua)(gua)(gua)爻(yao)(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)齊也。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),卦(gua)(gua)(gua)唯中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)之(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)美。德(de)(de)主(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)則(ze)無(wu)往而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)善,象(xiang)至中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)則(ze)無(wu)求(qiu)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)遂。故(gu)卦(gua)(gua)(gua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)動靜(jing)(jing)(jing)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)克(ke)、合(he)(he)沖(chong)(chong)、空(kong)(kong)破、旺(wang)衰(shuai)、墓絕(jue)(jue)、現伏(fu)(fu)等(deng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)有太(tai)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)理(li)(li)(li)(li)在(zai)焉。大(da)(da)凡理(li)(li)(li)(li)只(zhi)論得中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)之(zhi)(zhi)道。假如(ru)亂(luan)(luan)動就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)搜(sou)獨靜(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)爻(yao)(yao),安(an)(an)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)看逢(feng)(feng)沖(chong)(chong)之(zhi)(zhi)一日,月(yue)破要(yao)(yao)(yao)出(chu)(chu)破填合(he)(he),旬(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)空(kong)(kong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)出(chu)(chu)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)值(zhi)(zhi)日,動待(dai)合(he)(he),靜(jing)(jing)(jing)待(dai)沖(chong)(chong),克(ke)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)逢(feng)(feng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),絕(jue)(jue)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)逢(feng)(feng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),沖(chong)(chong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)逢(feng)(feng)合(he)(he),合(he)(he)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)逢(feng)(feng)沖(chong)(chong),這(zhe)些法則(ze)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)“太(tai)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)者(zhe)(zhe)損(sun)(sun)之(zhi)(zhi)斯成(cheng)(cheng),不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)益之(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)利(li)”。舊注以(yi)(yi)用(yong)神(shen)多(duo)現為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),以(yi)(yi)用(yong)神(shen)只(zhi)一位不(bu)(bu)(bu)值(zhi)(zhi)旺(wang)令為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)無(wu)氣,謂(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),其意淺矣!不(bu)(bu)(bu)知卦(gua)(gua)(gua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)有太(tai)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)動靜(jing)(jing)(jing)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)克(ke)、合(he)(he)沖(chong)(chong)、旬(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)空(kong)(kong)、月(yue)破、旺(wang)衰(shuai)、墓絕(jue)(jue)、伏(fu)(fu)藏出(chu)(chu)現,個個字可以(yi)(yi)當(dang)(dang)它太(tai)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),亦可以(yi)(yi)當(dang)(dang)它不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。此活(huo)潑(po)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)自有玄(xuan)妙(miao),學者(zhe)(zhe)宜加意參之(zhi)(zhi)。[今譯]人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有賢良與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)區別(bie),卦(gua)(gua)(gua)有過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)度與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)差異(yi)。太(tai)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de),減(jian)損(sun)(sun)它才(cai)(cai)能成(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu);不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de),增(zeng)益它才(cai)(cai)有利(li)。(注)賢良與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)(xiao),是(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)品德(de)(de)方面的(de)(de)區別(bie);過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)度不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),是(shi)(shi)(shi)卦(gua)(gua)(gua)爻(yao)(yao)方面的(de)(de)差異(yi)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)的(de)(de)品德(de)(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),卦(gua)(gua)(gua)以(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)的(de)(de)氣象(xiang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)理(li)(li)(li)(li)想。品德(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)沒有什(shen)(shen)么(me)做法不(bu)(bu)(bu)得當(dang)(dang),卦(gua)(gua)(gua)爻(yao)(yao)象(xiang)達到(dao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)沒有什(shen)(shen)么(me)謀求(qiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)愿。所以(yi)(yi)卦(gua)(gua)(gua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)發動與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)安(an)(an)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)、相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)相(xiang)(xiang)克(ke)、相(xiang)(xiang)合(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)相(xiang)(xiang)沖(chong)(chong)、旬(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)空(kong)(kong)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)月(yue)破、旺(wang)相(xiang)(xiang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)衰(shuai)昶、入塞與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)臨絕(jue)(jue)、出(chu)(chu)現與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)伏(fu)(fu)藏等(deng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)有大(da)(da)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)或(huo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)道理(li)(li)(li)(li)存在(zai)。大(da)(da)體上道理(li)(li)(li)(li)只(zhi)可以(yi)(yi)論中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)之(zhi)(zhi)道。比如(ru),亂(luan)(luan)動就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)搜(sou)尋獨靜(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)爻(yao)(yao),安(an)(an)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)看逢(feng)(feng)沖(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)日子,月(yue)破就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)出(chu)(chu)月(yue)填合(he)(he),旬(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)空(kong)(kong)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)出(chu)(chu)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)值(zhi)(zhi)日,發動的(de)(de)等(deng)待(dai)合(he)(he)住,安(an)(an)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)等(deng)待(dai)沖(chong)(chong)起(qi),克(ke)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)逢(feng)(feng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),絕(jue)(jue)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)逢(feng)(feng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),沖(chong)(chong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)逢(feng)(feng)合(he)(he),合(he)(he)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)逢(feng)(feng)沖(chong)(chong),這(zhe)些法則(ze)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)“太(tai)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)減(jian)損(sun)(sun)它就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)成(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu),不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)增(zeng)益它才(cai)(cai)有利(li)”。舊注以(yi)(yi)多(duo)個用(yong)神(shen)出(chu)(chu)現為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),以(yi)(yi)用(yong)神(shen)只(zhi)有一位而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)值(zhi)(zhi)旺(wang)令為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)無(wu)氣,說是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)意思太(tai)膚淺了(le)!不(bu)(bu)(bu)知卦(gua)(gua)(gua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)無(wu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)有太(tai)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)現象(xiang),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)動與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)克(ke)、合(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)沖(chong)(chong)、旬(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)空(kong)(kong)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)月(yue)破、旺(wang)相(xiang)(xiang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)衰(shuai)弱、墓與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)絕(jue)(jue)、伏(fu)(fu)藏與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)現,每個詞都(dou)可以(yi)(yi)當(dang)(dang)作(zuo)太(tai)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),也可以(yi)(yi)當(dang)(dang)作(zuo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。在(zai)這(zhe)活(huo)潑(po)當(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)自有玄(xuan)妙(miao),讀者(zhe)(zhe)應該用(yong)心參悟。
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