頭維穴別名:顙(sang)大穴。
1、頭(tou)(tou)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。頭(tou)(tou):穴(xue)所在部位,亦指穴(xue)內物質(zhi)(zhi)所調節的(de)人體(ti)部位為頭(tou)(tou)。維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei):維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)持、維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)系之(zhi)意(yi)。該穴(xue)名意(yi)指本穴(xue)的(de)氣(qi)血(xue)物質(zhi)(zhi)有維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)持頭(tou)(tou)部正(zheng)常秩序的(de)作用。頭(tou)(tou)部為諸陽之(zhi)會(hui),它要靠(kao)各條經(jing)脈(mo)不斷地輸(shu)送陽氣(qi)及營養物質(zhi)(zhi)才能維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)持它的(de)正(zheng)常運行。胃經(jing)屬(shu)多氣(qi)多血(xue)之(zhi)經(jing),在輸(shu)送頭(tou)(tou)部的(de)陽氣(qi)當(dang)中占(zhan)有一定比例,對(dui)頭(tou)(tou)部各項功能的(de)正(zheng)常運轉起(qi)著重(zhong)要作用,而胃經(jing)氣(qi)血(xue)傳(chuan)之(zhi)于頭(tou)(tou)又是靠(kao)本穴(xue)傳(chuan)輸(shu),故名。
2、顙大穴(xue)。顙:額(e)頭。大:多(duo)也,指穴(xue)內的氣(qi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)盛大之意。胃經屬陽明,多(duo)氣(qi)多(duo)血(xue)(xue)(xue)之經,與其它經脈相比,胃經輸送(song)頭部(bu)的氣(qi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)物質(zhi)要(yao)多(duo),而本(ben)穴(xue)又(you)為(wei)胃經氣(qi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)上供(gong)頭部(bu)的出口,其轉運的氣(qi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)物質(zhi)也多(duo),故名(ming)為(wei)顙大。
3、足(zu)少陽(yang)陽(yang)明(ming)陽(yang)維(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)會(hui)。本(ben)穴為胃經(jing)向(xiang)頭部輸送氣(qi)血(xue)(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)處,因(yin)其(qi)輸送氣(qi)血(xue)(xue)的量(liang)大且(qie)強,運行為風行之(zhi)(zhi)狀,性(xing)同膽經(jing)氣(qi)血(xue)(xue),故為足(zu)少陽(yang)陽(yang)明(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)會(hui)。又因(yin)本(ben)穴輸送頭部的為純陽(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi),性(xing)同陽(yang)維(wei)脈氣(qi)血(xue)(xue),故為足(zu)陽(yang)明(ming)陽(yang)維(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)會(hui)。
附注:足(zu)陽明、足(zu)少陽經與陽維脈交會穴。《甲乙》禁不可灸。
頭維穴意義:胃經的五谷精微由本穴分送頭之各部。
氣血特征:氣血物質為天部陽氣。
運行規律:陽氣以風行之(zhi)狀由本穴分(fen)散(san)于頭之(zhi)各部。
取穴方(fang)法:此穴在(zai)頭側部發(fa)際(ji)(ji)里,位于額角發(fa)際(ji)(ji)點向(xiang)上(shang)一指寬,嘴(zui)動時肌肉(rou)也會動之處(chu)(當額角發(fa)際(ji)(ji)上(shang)0.5寸,頭正中(zhong)線旁開4.5寸)。
快速取穴:在頭部,額角(jiao)發(fa)際(ji)直上半橫指,頭正中線旁開6橫指。
功能作用:向頭之各部(bu)輸(shu)送胃經的陽氣(qi)及(ji)精微物質(zhi)。
主(zhu)治病(bing)癥:寒熱頭痛,目(mu)痛多淚(lei),喘逆煩(fan)滿,嘔吐流(liu)汗,難言(yan),眼瞼瞤動不(bu)止,風淚(lei)出(chu),目(mu)視物不(bu)明(ming)。
穴位配伍:
頭(tou)(tou)(tou)維(wei)配(pei)風池、率谷(gu)、合(he)谷(gu),治(zhi)(zhi)偏(pian)(pian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)、眼(yan)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)。頭(tou)(tou)(tou)維(wei)配(pei)風池、率谷(gu)、合(he)谷(gu)、列缺(que),祛風活血,通絡鎮(zhen)痛(tong)(tong)(tong),治(zhi)(zhi)偏(pian)(pian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)痛(tong)(tong)(tong),眼(yan)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)。頭(tou)(tou)(tou)維(wei)配(pei)天柱、攢竹(zhu),治(zhi)(zhi)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)昏目眩。頭(tou)(tou)(tou)維(wei)配(pei)陽白、絲竹(zhu)空、合(he)谷(gu),治(zhi)(zhi)面癱(tan)。頭(tou)(tou)(tou)維(wei)配(pei)合(he)谷(gu)穴,治(zhi)(zhi)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)維(wei)配(pei)太(tai)沖穴,治(zhi)(zhi)目眩。頭(tou)(tou)(tou)維(wei)配(pei)合(he)谷(gu)透后溪、太(tai)沖,涌泉(quan),鎮(zhen)靜安神(shen)(shen),治(zhi)(zhi)精神(shen)(shen)分(fen)裂癥。臨床運(yun)用:現代常用于治(zhi)(zhi)療血管神(shen)(shen)經性(xing)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)、眼(yan)輪匝肌痙攣等。
艾灸法:禁灸。
刮(gua)痧法(fa):用面刮(gua)法(fa)即傾斜45度(du),由(you)上向下刮(gua)拭頭維穴,2~3分鐘(zhong),以(yi)出(chu)痧為度(du),可(ke)治療事物不明、前額神經(jing)痛(tong)(tong)、偏頭痛(tong)(tong)等。
按摩法:
頭(tou)即頭(tou)部,維指隅角,穴在頭(tou)之額角部位,故名頭(tou)維。
為什么(me)把頭(tou)維穴(xue)稱之為頭(tou)部的維護(hu)者?
這(zhe)是(shi)因為頭(tou)維穴處(chu)于(yu)胃經的(de)(de)最頂端,是(shi)眼部(bu)之(zhi)上胃經唯一(yi)的(de)(de)穴位(wei)。其前一(yi)個穴位(wei)下關(guan),作(zuo)為輸送(song)氣(qi)血(xue)物質(zhi)的(de)(de)關(guan)卡(ka),起到了激濁(zhuo)(zhuo)揚(yang)清的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong),將精華的(de)(de)部(bu)分上輸于(yu)頭(tou)部(bu),而將粘濁(zhuo)(zhuo)之(zhi)部(bu)分下送(song)于(yu)腳(jiao)。上達(da)于(yu)頭(tou)部(bu)的(de)(de)氣(qi)血(xue)物質(zhi),雖然質(zhi)上有保證,但(dan)量上則可能會有所不(bu)足,畢竟眼部(bu)之(zhi)上,需要(yao)血(xue)供的(de)(de)地方還真不(bu)少,且都(dou)是(shi)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)部(bu)門,所以(yi),當這(zhe)些(xie)部(bu)分氣(qi)血(xue)不(bu)足或氣(qi)血(xue)過足時,就(jiu)會發生頭(tou)暈、頭(tou)痛的(de)(de)情況,而為了維護此處(chu)的(de)(de)氣(qi)血(xue)供應平衡,就(jiu)需要(yao)通過點按頭(tou)維穴來合(he)理調配。
足陽(yang)明經(jing)別系(xi)目(mu)系(xi),足少陽(yang)經(jing)起于目(mu)外眥(zi),本穴(xue)鄰近眼(yan)部,又為足陽(yang)明、少陽(yang)之交會穴(xue),故可用(yong)于眼(yan)病(bing)的治(zhi)療。
足(zu)陽明之脈(mo)循(xun)發際、至額顱,足(zu)少陽經(jing)上(shang)抵頭角、下耳(er)后,陽維脈(mo)循(xun)額角、維絡諸陽經(jing)而(er)通于督脈(mo),本穴(xue)位(wei)于額角,為上(shang)述三(san)經(jing)之交會(hui)穴(xue),故可治(zhi)頭痛、眩暈(yun)。
《黃帝內(nei)經素問·征(zheng)四失論》:“三陽為經,二(er)陽為維,二(er)陽合(he)明,謂之(zhi)(zhi)陽明。”該穴是(shi)足(zu)陽明脈氣所發,并可(ke)維護(hu)頭部(bu)及四肢之(zhi)(zhi)陽氣也(ye),有(you)清頭明目(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)功。主(zhu)治(zhi)頭痛,眼痛,目(mu)眩(xuan),視物不(bu)明,迎風流淚等(deng)癥。
按摩手法:
按(an)摩頭維穴時(shi)取(qu)正(zheng)坐位,雙(shuang)手舉起,指(zhi)尖向上,掌心向內(nei),用中指(zhi)或者食指(zhi)的(de)指(zhi)腹點揉兩側頭維穴。點揉時(shi)指(zhi)腹要緊貼皮膚,不能(neng)摩擦頭皮和頭發,力度要均勻、柔和,不可用力過猛。每(mei)天盡量做到早(zao)晚各一(yi)次(ci)(ci),每(mei)次(ci)(ci)3-5分鐘,一(yi)般雙(shuang)側頭維穴可同時(shi)進行點揉。
日常保健:胃痛(tong)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)通過(guo)取位頭(tou)維(wei)穴來治,也會(hui)有很(hen)好(hao)的效(xiao)果。按(an)摩(mo)時,用兩(liang)個大拇指(zhi)按(an)于頭(tou)維(wei)穴,其余四指(zhi)固(gu)定于前額,自(zi)下向上(shang)按(an)摩(mo)1分鐘(zhong),再自(zi)下向上(shang)按(an)摩(mo)1分鐘(zhong)。然后用雙(shuang)側掌根(gen)按(an)壓住兩(liang)側頭(tou)維(wei)穴后緩(huan)緩(huan)揉動。可(ke)(ke)以(yi)有效(xiao)刺(ci)激面部感覺(jue)神經末(mo)梢,將刺(ci)激信(xin)號輸送到中樞以(yi)緩(huan)解(jie)疼痛(tong)癥狀。
下關穴(xue),人體穴(xue)位(wei)之(zhi)一(yi),在(zai)面(mian)部,在(zai)顴骨下緣中央與下頜(he)切跡之(zhi)間(jian)的凹陷中。屬(shu)足陽明(ming)胃經的面(mian)部經穴(xue),出(chu)自《靈樞·本輸》,為(wei)足陽明(ming)、少(shao)陽之(zhi)會《針灸甲乙經》。主治面(mian)口病證,耳聾、耳鳴(ming)、聤耳等耳疾(ji)。操作方法為(wei)平刺0.5~1寸。
基本(ben)(ben)(ben)介紹(shao)中文(wen)名 :下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)穴(xue)(xue)(xue) 出(chu)處 :《靈樞·經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)脈》 隸屬(shu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)絡 :足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)胃(wei)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing) 主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) :面(mian)(mian)口(kou)病證(zheng),耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)聾(long)、耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)鳴(ming)、聤(ting)(ting)(ting)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er) 功(gong)能(neng) :清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)疏(shu)(shu)風(feng)、通(tong)利關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)竅 操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo) :平(ping)刺(ci)0.5~1寸 名稱釋(shi)義,功(gong)能(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法,運(yun)行(xing)(xing)規律(lv),定位(wei),解剖(pou),主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo),臨(lin)床運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),配(pei)(pei)(pei)伍,相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)論述(shu),名稱釋(shi)義下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia),指本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)調節的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)血(xue)(xue)物(wu)質為(wei)(wei)(wei)屬(shu)陰、屬(shu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)重水濕。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡。該穴(xue)(xue)(xue)名意指本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)對(dui)(dui)胃(wei)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)上(shang)(shang)輸頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)血(xue)(xue)物(wu)質中陰濁(zhuo)(zhuo)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)物(wu)質為(wei)(wei)(wei)頰車(che)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)傳來的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)部(bu)(bu)(bu)水濕之(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi),上(shang)(shang)行(xing)(xing)至(zhi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)后,水濕之(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)重部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)冷(leng)降歸地(di)(di),本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)如有(you)(you)對(dui)(dui)上(shang)(shang)輸頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)血(xue)(xue)精微嚴格把關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),故名。功(gong)能(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)胃(wei)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)血(xue)(xue)在此分(fen)(fen)清(qing)(qing)降濁(zhuo)(zhuo)。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法寒則補(bu)而灸(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi),熱(re)(re)則瀉針(zhen)出(chu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。運(yun)行(xing)(xing)規律(lv)滯重的(de)(de)(de)水濕部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)由天(tian)部(bu)(bu)(bu)沉降至(zhi)地(di)(di)部(bu)(bu)(bu),輕質的(de)(de)(de)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)循經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)上(shang)(shang)傳頭(tou)維穴(xue)(xue)(xue)。定位(wei)在面(mian)(mian)部(bu)(bu)(bu)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)前(qian)(qian)(qian)方(fang),當(dang)(dang)(dang)顴(quan)弓(gong)與下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)頜(he)切跡所(suo)形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)凹陷中,張口(kou)時隆起(qi);正(zheng)坐或(huo)仰臥,閉(bi)口(kou)取穴(xue)(xue)(xue)。 簡(jian)單說明(ming):下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)在面(mian)(mian)部(bu)(bu)(bu),耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)前(qian)(qian)(qian)方(fang),顴(quan)骨(gu)與下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)頜(he)之(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)凹陷處。合(he)口(kou)有(you)(you)孔,張口(kou)即閉(bi)。解剖(pou)當(dang)(dang)(dang)顴(quan)弓(gong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)緣,皮(pi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)有(you)(you)腮腺,為(wei)(wei)(wei)咬肌起(qi)始部(bu)(bu)(bu);有(you)(you)面(mian)(mian)橫動、靜脈,最深(shen)層(ceng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)頜(he)動、靜脈;正(zheng)當(dang)(dang)(dang)面(mian)(mian)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)顴(quan)眶支(zhi)及耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)顳神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)分(fen)(fen)支(zhi),最深(shen)層(ceng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)頜(he)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)聾(long),耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)鳴(ming),聤(ting)(ting)(ting)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er);牙(ya)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),口(kou)噤,口(kou)眼歪(wai)斜,面(mian)(mian)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),三叉(cha)(cha)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、面(mian)(mian)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)麻痹(bi),下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)頜(he)疼痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),牙(ya)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)緊閉(bi),張嘴困難、顳頜(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)節炎。操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)平(ping)刺(ci)0.5~1寸。臨(lin)床運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(1)牙(ya)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、牙(ya)齦腫(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、牙(ya)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)開合(he)不(bu)(bu)利,口(kou)噤 用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)義:本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)正(zheng)當(dang)(dang)(dang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)頜(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)節處,是(shi)牙(ya)齒(chi)(chi)開合(he)之(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),且屬(shu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),其(qi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)脈人上(shang)(shang)齒(chi)(chi)中,還出(chu)挾口(kou),環唇,下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)交承漿,上(shang)(shang)述(shu)病證(zheng)取本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療齒(chi)(chi)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、牙(ya)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)力、口(kou)噤等癥,對(dui)(dui)風(feng)火上(shang)(shang)沖(chong)和陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)熱(re)(re)盛所(suo)致者(zhe)效果(guo)更優。 (2)面(mian)(mian)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、三叉(cha)(cha)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、口(kou)眼歪(wai)斜 用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)義:足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)循行(xing)(xing)于口(kou)、鼻、面(mian)(mian)部(bu)(bu)(bu),上(shang)(shang)述(shu)病證(zheng),取本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)可疏(shu)(shu)通(tong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)絡,消(xiao)(xiao)腫(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)止痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),對(dui)(dui)于多(duo)種(zhong)原(yuan)因導致的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、口(kou)眼歪(wai)斜均可選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),常與顴(quan)髎(liao)、頰車(che)、地(di)(di)倉(cang)、合(he)谷等配(pei)(pei)(pei)伍套用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。該穴(xue)(xue)(xue)皮(pi)膚由三叉(cha)(cha)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)第三支(zhi)(下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)頜(he)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing))分(fen)(fen)布,深(shen)層(ceng)由三叉(cha)(cha)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)第三支(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)支(zhi)翼外肌神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)支(zhi)配(pei)(pei)(pei),并支(zhi)配(pei)(pei)(pei)咬肌,下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)牙(ya)槽神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、舌神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)等。 (3)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)聾(long)、耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)鳴(ming)、耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、聤(ting)(ting)(ting)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)流膿 用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)義:本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)于耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)前(qian)(qian)(qian),其(qi)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)脈“上(shang)(shang)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)前(qian)(qian)(qian),過客(ke)主(zhu)人”,其(qi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)筋(jin)“頰結(jie)于耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)前(qian)(qian)(qian)”。又本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)、少(shao)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)會,足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)少(shao)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)脈“下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后……從耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后入耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)中,出(chu)走耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)前(qian)(qian)(qian)”。因此針(zhen)本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)有(you)(you)疏(shu)(shu)風(feng)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re),通(tong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)利竅,消(xiao)(xiao)腫(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)止痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong),適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)部(bu)(bu)(bu)多(duo)種(zhong)疾患(huan)。 (4)眩暈、頸(jing)腫(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) 用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)義:風(feng)火熱(re)(re)邪(xie),上(shang)(shang)擾清(qing)(qing)竅則眩暈;火熱(re)(re)結(jie)聚于頸(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)則腫(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)于牙(ya)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),屬(shu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)多(duo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)多(duo)血(xue)(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),其(qi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)脈循行(xing)(xing)于頭(tou)、頸(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu),且與足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)少(shao)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)、足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)太陽(yang)(yang)(yang)等經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)交會,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)本(ben)(ben)(ben)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)可清(qing)(qing)泄三經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)火熱(re)(re),治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)證(zheng)屬(shu)熱(re)(re)者(zhe)。配(pei)(pei)(pei)伍(1)合(he)谷、下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),功(gong)能(neng)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)止痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)明(ming)熱(re)(re)邪(xie)上(shang)(shang)擾之(zhi)(zhi)牙(ya)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。《備急千(qian)金要方(fang)》:牙(ya)齒(chi)(chi)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、大迎(ying)、翳風(feng)、完骨(gu);口(kou)失欠、下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)牙(ya)齒(chi)(chi)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、大迎(ying)、翳風(feng)。 (2)大迎(ying)、頰車(che)、下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、地(di)(di)倉(cang)、巨(ju)髎(liao)、風(feng)池,功(gong)能(neng)疏(shu)(shu)風(feng)通(tong)絡牽正(zheng),主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)痰阻絡之(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)癱。《甲(jia)乙(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》:口(kou)噼(pi)配(pei)(pei)(pei)顴(quan)髎(liao)、齦交、下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。 (3)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、聽宮、太沖(chong)、中渚,功(gong)能(neng)疏(shu)(shu)風(feng)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)降火,聰耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)利竅,主(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肝膽火旺耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)聾(long)。《甲(jia)乙(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》:耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)鳴(ming)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)聾(long)配(pei)(pei)(pei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、陽(yang)(yang)(yang)溪(xi)、關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)沖(chong)、腋門(men)、陽(yang)(yang)(yang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)論述(shu)1.《針(zhen)灸(jiu)甲(jia)乙(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》:“失欠,下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)齒(chi)(chi)齲,下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)牙(ya)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),腫(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)。” 2.《銅人腧穴(xue)(xue)(xue)針(zhen)灸(jiu)圖經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》:“偏風(feng),口(kou)目㖞,牙(ya)車(che)脫臼。” 3.《類經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)圖翼》:“耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)鳴(ming)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)聾(long),痛(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)癢出(chu)膿。”
1 足陽(yang)明(ming)胃經循行(xing)(xing)路線圖起于(yu)鼻翼(yi)兩側(迎香穴(xue)),挾鼻上行(xing)(xing)至鼻根部,旁行(xing)(xing)入目內眥(睛明(ming)穴(xue)),與足太(tai)陽(yang)經相(xiang)交,向(xiang)下(xia)沿(yan)鼻柱(zhu)外(wai)側,過承(cheng)(cheng)泣,巨髎,進入上齒齦內,還出,挾口兩旁,環繞(rao)嘴唇,左右(you)相(xiang)較(jiao)于(yu)頦唇溝(承(cheng)(cheng)漿穴(xue)),再向(xiang)后沿(yan)下(xia)頜(he)骨后下(xia)緣(yuan)到(dao)大迎穴(xue)處,上行(xing)(xing)過耳前,經上關穴(xue),沿(yan)著前發際,到(dao)達額前(頭維(wei)穴(xue))。
面部支脈:從大迎穴(xue)分出,下行到人迎穴(xue),沿喉嚨向下后行至大椎,折向前行,入缺盆,深入胸(xiong)腔,下行穿過膈肌(ji),直屬胃,而絡脾。
缺盆部直行之脈:從缺盆出體表,沿乳(ru)中線下(xia)行,挾臍兩旁(旁開二寸),下(xia)行至腹股溝處氣沖(chong)穴。
腹部(bu)支脈:從胃(wei)下口幽門(men)處(chu)分出,沿(yan)腹腔(qiang)內下行到(dao)氣沖,與來(lai)自(zi)缺盆的直行之脈會合,而后下行于大(da)腿前外(wai)側(ce),經過膝臏,沿(yan)下肢脛骨前緣外(wai)側(ce)下行至足背,進入第二趾(zhi)外(wai)側(ce)端(duan)(厲兌穴)。
膝(xi)部(bu)支脈:從(cong)膝(xi)下三寸(cun)處(足三里(li)穴)分出,下行至第三足趾外側段。
胃下(xia)口部支(zhi)脈(mo):沿(yan)腹部向下(xia)到(dao)氣沖會(hui)合,再沿(yan)大(da)腿前側(ce)下(xia)行,下(xia)至髀關,直抵伏(fu)兔部,下(xia)至膝蓋,沿(yan)脛骨外側(ce)前緣,下(xia)行至足背(bei),進入足第(di)2趾外側(ce)段。
足背(bei)(bei)部支脈:從足背(bei)(bei)分出,進入足大趾內側端,與足太陰脾經相接(jie)。
2 足(zu)陽明胃(wei)經(jing)主(zhu)(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)癥(zheng)足(zu)陽明胃(wei)經(jing)主(zhu)(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)腸胃(wei)等(deng)消(xiao)化系(xi)統(tong)、神經(jing)系(xi)統(tong)、呼吸系(xi)統(tong)、循環系(xi)統(tong)某些病(bing)癥(zheng)和(he)咽喉、頭面、口(kou)、牙、鼻等(deng)器官病(bing)癥(zheng),以及(ji)本經(jing)脈所經(jing)過部(bu)位(wei)(wei)之(zhi)病(bing)癥(zheng),例如腸鳴腹(fu)脹,腹(fu)痛(tong)(tong),胃(wei)痛(tong)(tong),腹(fu)水,嘔吐或(huo)消(xiao)谷善饑,口(kou)渴,咽喉腫痛(tong)(tong),鼻衄(nv),胸部(bu)及(ji)膝髕等(deng)本經(jing)循行部(bu)位(wei)(wei)疼痛(tong)(tong),熱病(bing),發(fa)狂等(deng)證。
3 胃經當令時(shi)間(jian)是幾(ji)點到幾(ji)點7-9點。
十二正(zheng)經都(dou)有其(qi)相對應的(de)運行(xing)時間,而足陽(yang)明胃經的(de)運行(xing)時間為(wei)每天上午的(de)7-9點,此時是胃經氣(qi)血最為(wei)旺(wang)盛的(de)時候,所以在此時間段吃早餐,食物能更好的(de)得(de)到消化和吸收(shou)。
另外如果有腸胃疾病需要調理的(de)話,此(ci)時(shi)也(ye)是最好的(de)調理時(shi)間。
4 胃經不通的癥狀有哪些表現
早在二千多年以前,我們祖先就已經知道人體皮膚上有著許多特殊的感覺點。公元前五至一世紀寫下的著名醫典《黃帝內經》就已指出,“氣穴所發,各有處名“,并記載了160個穴位名稱。晉代皇甫謐編纂了我國現存針灸專科的開山名作《針灸甲乙經》,對人體340個穴位的名稱、別名、位置和主治一一論述。迨至宋代,王惟一重新厘定穴位,訂正訛謬,撰著《銅人腧穴針灸圖位》,并且首創研鑄專供針灸教學與考試用的兩座針灸銅人,其造型之逼真,端刻之精確,令人嘆服。可見,很早以前,我國古代醫學家就知道依據腧穴治病,并在長期實踐過程中形成了腧穴學的完整理論體系。
頭部穴位圖(正面)
頭維穴 發際穴 陽白穴 印堂穴 攢竹穴 魚腰穴 外明穴 睛明穴 絲竹空 瞳子髎 承泣穴 球后穴 四白穴 迎香穴 人中穴 地倉穴 承漿穴
補充:前頂 通天 上星 神庭 承光 當陽 五處 曲差 眉沖 素髎 兌端 齦交 上迎香
頭部背面穴位圖
百會穴 后頂穴 風府穴 風池穴 天柱穴 啞門穴 太陽穴 下關穴 客主人 耳門穴 聽宮穴 翳風穴 頰車穴 大迎穴 人迎穴
補充:四神聰 強間 腦戶 目窗 正營 率谷 承靈 腦空 頭竅陰 完骨 天沖 頷厭 頭臨泣 懸顱 懸厘 聽會 和髎 角孫 顱熄 玉枕
胸部腹部穴位圖
天突 璇璣 華蓋 紫宮 玉堂 膻中 中庭 鳩尾 巨闕 上脘 中脘 建里 下脘 水分 神闕 陰交 氣海 石門 關元 中極 曲骨 會陰 橫骨 大赫 氣穴 四滿 中注 肓俞 商曲 石關 陰都 腹通谷 幽門 步廊 神封 靈墟 神藏 或中 俞府 缺盆 氣戶 庫房 屋翳 贗窗 乳中 乳根 不容 承滿 梁門 關門 太乙 滑肉門 天樞 外陵 大巨 水道 歸來 氣沖 髀關 足五里 陰廉 急脈 沖門 府舍 腹結 大橫 腹哀 日月 期門 天池 食竇 天溪 胸鄉 周榮 中府 云門
人體背部穴位圖
大椎 陶道 身柱 神道 靈臺 至陽 中樞 脊中 懸樞 命門 腰陽關 肩中俞 肩外俞 附分 肩井 天髎 曲垣 秉風 天宗 臑俞 肩貞 大杼 風門 肺俞 厥陰俞 心俞 督俞 膈俞 肝俞 膽俞 脾俞 胃俞 三焦俞 腎俞 氣海俞 大腸俞 關元俞 小腸俞 膀胱俞 上髎 次髎 中髎 下髎 腰俞 會陽 長強 魄戶 膏肓 神堂 膈關 魂門 陽綱 意舍 胃倉 肓門 志室 胞肓 秩邊 白環俞上肢內側穴位圖
天泉穴 天府穴 俠白穴 青靈穴 曲澤穴 尺澤穴 少海穴 孔最穴 郄門穴 間使穴 內關穴 列缺穴 經渠穴 太淵穴 大陵穴 靈道穴 通里穴 陰郄穴 神門穴 魚際穴 少商穴 勞宮穴 少府穴 中沖穴 少沖穴
上肢外側穴位圖
曲垣 秉風 巨骨 肩髎 肩髃 臑俞 肩貞 臑會 臂臑 消濼 手五里 清冷淵 肘髎 天井 小海 曲池 手三里 上廉 下廉 四瀆 支正 溫溜 三陽絡 支溝 會宗 偏歷 外關 養老 陽谷 陽池 陽溪 腕骨 后溪 中渚 前谷 液門 少澤 關沖 商陽 二間 三間 合谷
下肢內側穴位圖
箕門穴 血海穴 陰包穴 曲泉穴 陰谷穴 陰陵泉 膝關穴 地機穴 中都穴 漏谷穴 筑賓穴 蠡溝穴 三陰交穴 交信穴 復溜穴 商丘穴 中封穴 太溪穴 大鐘穴 水泉穴 照海穴 然谷穴 公孫穴 太白穴 大都穴 隱白穴下肢外側穴位圖
居(ju)髎 環跳 髀(bi)關 風市(shi) 中瀆(du) 伏兔(tu) 陰市(shi) 梁丘 膝陽(yang)關 犢鼻 陽(yang)陵泉 足(zu)三里 上巨虛 條口 豐隆 外丘 陽(yang)交 飛(fei)揚 光(guang)明(ming) 陽(yang)輔(fu) 懸鐘 跗陽(yang) 解(jie)溪 沖陽(yang) 丘墟 太沖 陷(xian)谷 足(zu)臨(lin)泣(qi) 第(di)五地 內庭 行(xing)間(jian) 大敦 厲兌 足(zu)竅(qiao)陰 至陰 俠溪 足(zu)通谷 束骨 京骨 金門 申脈 仆參(can) 昆侖.
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