拼音注音 : Lànɡ Dànɡ Yè
別名 : 鈴鐺草（《青海常(chang)用中草藥(yao)(yao)手冊》），麻性草（《湖南藥(yao)(yao)物志》）。
出處 : 《科學的民(min)間(jian)藥草》
來源 : 為茄科(ke)植(zhi)物莨菪的葉片(pian)，立夏后采收，曬干(gan)。
性狀 : 干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)葉(xie)大多皺(zhou)縮破碎，完整(zheng)者(zhe)呈長(chang)卵形或(huo)三角狀卵形，長(chang)約26厘米，寬約10厘米，葉(xie)端(duan)尖(jian)，葉(xie)緣不(bu)規則羽(yu)狀分(fen)裂，裂片三角形，上面黑綠(lv)色(se)，下面淡灰綠(lv)色(se)，密具毛(mao)茸，主脈(mo)上毛(mao)茸更多。由腺(xian)毛(mao)分(fen)泌的(de)物質，在葉(xie)片不(bu)很干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)時帶(dai)粘著性。以葉(xie)片綠(lv)色(se)，密生茸毛(mao)、干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)、無雜質者(zhe)為佳(jia)。
化學成分 : 莨菪葉(xie)含灰分20％，總生(sheng)物堿0.045～0.14％，其中主要是天仙(xian)子胺、東莨菪堿及阿托(tuo)品(pin)；另含一(yi)種苦(ku)甙名天仙(xian)子苦(ku)甙。
性味 : 《陜甘寧青(qing)中草藥選》："苦，寒，有(you)大毒。"
功能主治 : 鎮(zhen)痛(tong)(tong)，解痙。治胃(wei)痛(tong)(tong)，齒(chi)(chi)痛(tong)(tong)，氣管(guan)炎咳喘(chuan)。①李(li)承(cheng)祜(hu)《生藥(yao)(yao)(yao)學(xue)》："鎮(zhen)靜，鎮(zhen)痛(tong)(tong)。用于(yu)支(zhi)氣管(guan)疾病引起(qi)的咳嗽、喘(chuan)息，齒(chi)(chi)痛(tong)(tong)等(deng)癥。又可為麻醉(zui)劑(ji)、催眠劑(ji)。"②《中國藥(yao)(yao)(yao)植志》："為膀胱炎與淋病的鎮(zhen)痛(tong)(tong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)，與瀉(xie)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)共享，可防上腸絞痛(tong)(tong)。"③《東北(bei)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)植志》："治胃(wei)痛(tong)(tong)，神經痛(tong)(tong)，氣喘(chuan)等(deng)。"④《內蒙古中草藥(yao)(yao)(yao)》："鎮(zhen)痛(tong)(tong)，解痙，止瀉(xie)，治氣管(guan)炎，咳嗽，氣喘(chuan)。"
用法用量 : 內服：研末(mo)，3～5厘；制(zhi)成酊劑、浸膏。流浸膏或(huo)混(hun)入煙葉內燒煙吸。
復方 : ①治氣管(guan)炎：莨(lang)菪葉(xie)(xie)、三棵針、金(jin)剛骨各等分為末。每(mei)次服一(yi)分五厘。（《內蒙古中(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)》）②治老人咳嗽、氣喘：莨(lang)菪葉(xie)(xie)少許，混煙葉(xie)(xie)中(zhong)吸之。（《內蒙古中(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)》）③治牙(ya)疼(teng)：莨(lang)菪葉(xie)(xie)少許，混煙葉(xie)(xie)中(zhong)，吸（煙）含口內。（《黑(hei)龍江常(chang)用中(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)手冊(ce)》）
摘錄 : 《中藥大辭典》
拼音注音 : Lànɡ Dànɡ Yè
別名 : 鈴鐺草、麻(ma)性草
英文名 : leaf of Black Henbane
出處 : 出自《科學的(de)民間(jian)藥草》
來源 : 藥(yao)材基源：為茄科植物莨(lang)菪的葉。拉丁植物動物礦物名：Hyoscyamus niger L.采(cai)收(shou)和儲藏：秋播者從第2年(nian)4月起便可選晴天陸(lu)續采(cai)收(shou)下(xia)部老葉片，最(zui)后在采(cai)收(shou)種子前(qian)5-6d將全部葉片采(cai)下(xia)，曬干。
原形態 : 一年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)工二(er)年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)本，高達(da)1m。全株(zhu)被(bei)粘改建的腺毛。根粗壯，肉質。一年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)植株(zhu)莖極(ji)短，莖基(ji)部具(ju)蓮座狀(zhuang)葉(xie)(xie)叢，葉(xie)(xie)長(chang)(chang)可(ke)達(da)30cm，寬(kuan)達(da)10cm。二(er)年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)植析(xi)莖伸長(chang)(chang)分枝。莖生(sheng)(sheng)葉(xie)(xie)互生(sheng)(sheng)，無(wu)柄，基(ji)部半抱莖；葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)卵(luan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)至三角狀(zhuang)卵(luan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，長(chang)(chang)4-10cm，寬(kuan)2-6cm，先端鈍(dun)或漸尖(jian)，邊緣呈羽狀(zhuang)淺(qian)裂(lie)(lie)或深裂(lie)(lie)；向(xiang)頂端的葉(xie)(xie)呈淺(qian)波狀(zhuang)，兩面(mian)除生(sheng)(sheng)粘性腺毛外(wai)，沿葉(xie)(xie)脈并被(bei)柔(rou)毛。花腋生(sheng)(sheng)，單一，徑2-3cm；花萼筒狀(zhuang)鐘形(xing)(xing)(xing)，5淺(qian)裂(lie)(lie)，花后增大成壇狀(zhuang)，有10條縱助(zhu)，外(wai)被(bei)直立白柔(rou)毛；花冠(guan)鐘狀(zhuang)，5淺(qian)裂(lie)(lie)，黃(huang)色囊(nang)有紫(zi)堇色網紋(wen)；雄蕊5，著生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)花冠(guan)筒的近(jin)中部，稍(shao)長(chang)(chang)于(yu)花冠(guan)；花藥縱綻(zhan)裂(lie)(lie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，深藍紫(zi)色；子房(fang)2室(shi)，柱(zhu)頭頭狀(zhuang)，2淺(qian)裂(lie)(lie)。蒴(shuo)果(guo)藏(zang)于(yu)宿存的萼內，長(chang)(chang)卵(luan)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，成熟時蓋裂(lie)(lie)。種(zhong)子小(xiao)(xiao)，近(jin)圓(yuan)盤形(xing)(xing)(xing)，淡黃(huang)棕(zong)色，有多數網狀(zhuang)凹穴。花期5月，果(guo)期6月。形(xing)(xing)(xing)態與(yu)上種(zhong)十分接近(jin)，主要區別：本種(zhong)為一年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)本，植株(zhu)較小(xiao)(xiao)。根細瘦而帶(dai)木質。無(wu)蓮座葉(xie)(xie)從，莖生(sheng)(sheng)葉(xie)(xie)不作羽狀(zhuang)分裂(lie)(lie)或僅有極(ji)淺(qian)的波大辯論淺(qian)裂(lie)(lie)。
性狀 : 性狀鑒別 本品多數為(wei)皺縮破(po)碎的(de)(de)(de)葉(xie)(xie)及花(hua)枝，完整的(de)(de)(de)葉(xie)(xie)呈(cheng)(cheng)長(chang)卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)三(san)角(jiao)狀卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)，長(chang)約(yue)26cm，寬約(yue)10cm；葉(xie)(xie)端尖(jian)，葉(xie)(xie)緣不(bu)規則，羽狀分裂，裂片(pian)(pian)呈(cheng)(cheng)三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)上(shang)表面黑綠(lv)色，下(xia)(xia)(xia)表面淡灰綠(lv)色，密具(ju)毛(mao)(mao)茸(rong)，主(zhu)脈(mo)寬闊(kuo)，著(zhu)(zhu)生毛(mao)(mao)茸(rong)更多，由腺(xian)毛(mao)(mao)分泌(mi)的(de)(de)(de)物質(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)(zai)呈(cheng)(cheng)片(pian)(pian)不(bu)很(hen)干燥時，帶(dai)粘著(zhu)(zhu)性。無(wu)葉(xie)(xie)柄（根出葉(xie)(xie)具(ju)長(chang)柄）。顯微鑒別 葉(xie)(xie)橫(heng)(heng)切面：①上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)表皮(pi)均有(you)(you)氣孔，毛(mao)(mao)茸(rong)易察見。②葉(xie)(xie)肉(rou)的(de)(de)(de)柵(zha)欄(lan)組織(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)1列細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，排列較不(bu)整齊；海(hai)綿組織(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)3-4列細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。在(zai)(zai)柵(zha)欄(lan)組織(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)葉(xie)(xie)肉(rou)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)（結(jie)晶(jing)層）中，有(you)(you)含草酸鈣方(fang)晶(jing)。③主(zhu)脈(mo)頗扁(bian)闊(kuo)，維管(guan)束(shu)雙韌(ren)型；木質(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)位于主(zhu)脈(mo)中央部(bu)；稍偏下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)，略作橫(heng)(heng)條狀，導(dao)管(guan)稀疏散在(zai)(zai)，韌(ren)皮(pi)部(bu)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)位于木質(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)則，維管(guan)束(shu)的(de)(de)(de)四(si)周，有(you)(you)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)壁稍厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)環。在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)脈(mo)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)薄壁細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)中，散有(you)(you)草酸鈣砂晶(jing)。上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)表皮(pi)的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)方(fang)有(you)(you)數列厚(hou)角(jiao)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。粉末特征：灰綠(lv)色至(zhi)暗綠(lv)色。①表皮(pi)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)壁略呈(cheng)(cheng)波狀，氣孔不(bu)等式(shi)，副衛(wei)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)3-4個。②腺(xian)毛(mao)(mao)柄長(chang)1-4細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，腺(xian)頭均為(wei)多細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，約(yue)至(zhi)10細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)以上(shang)，全形(xing)(xing)(xing)呈(cheng)(cheng)橢圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)卵圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)；也(ye)有(you)(you)為(wei)單細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)腺(xian)頭的(de)(de)(de)腺(xian)毛(mao)(mao)。③非腺(xian)毛(mao)(mao)由1-10細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)組成，以2-4細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)為(wei)多見，長(chang)約(yue)100-300μm。④草酸鈣結(jie)晶(jing)以方(fang)晶(jing)最多，存在(zai)(zai)于葉(xie)(xie)肉(rou)組織(zhi)(zhi)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)中，有(you)(you)時可見雙晶(jing)。稀有(you)(you)簇晶(jing)、圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)結(jie)晶(jing)及砂晶(jing)，主(zhu)要存在(zai)(zai)于主(zhu)脈(mo)薄壁細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)中。
化學成分 : 莨菪葉含生物堿，主(zhu)要天仙子胺（gyoscya-mine)，東莨菪堿(sco-polamine)及阿托品(pin)（a-tropine)。另含天集(ji)郵冊子苦甙（gyospicrin）[1]。
藥理作用 : 1.對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)中樞(shu)(shu)(shu)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)：1．1.對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)行為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)： 兔(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)側(ce)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)室(shi)(shi)(shi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)6mg/kg，可(ke)(ke)(ke)出現(xian)(xian)閉眼、側(ce)臥、翻正反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)消(xiao)(xiao)失(shi)，約經(jing)(jing)(jing)40分鐘(zhong)恢復(fu)，但(dan)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)仍較(jiao)(jiao)少(shao)(shao)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)與冬(dong)(dong)眠(mian)合(he)(he)劑合(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于人(ren)、猴、犬(quan)均可(ke)(ke)(ke)產生(sheng)(sheng)全(quan)身麻(ma)(ma)(ma)醉。東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)與戊巴比妥或眠(mian)爾通合(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)也可(ke)(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)小(xiao)鼠(shu)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)，表(biao)(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)出與中樞(shu)(shu)(shu)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)協同(tong)(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。小(xiao)劑量(liang)(liang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)（0.1-0.2mg/kg）使(shi)(shi)小(xiao)鼠(shu)自主活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)。小(xiao)鼠(shu)腹腔注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)4mg/kg，能(neng)(neng)(neng)增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)中樞(shu)(shu)(shu)興(xing)奮(fen)藥(yao)(yao)（苯丙胺、脫氧麻(ma)(ma)(ma)黃堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、咖啡因(yin)等(deng)(deng)）所(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)，并能(neng)(neng)(neng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)利(li)血(xue)(xue)(xue)平(ping)及氯丙嗪(qin)引(yin)(yin)(yin)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)，表(biao)(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)中樞(shu)(shu)(shu)興(xing)奮(fen)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。因(yin)此(ci)(ci)認為(wei)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)中樞(shu)(shu)(shu)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是雙向性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。1.2．對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)： 給埋藏電(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清醒(xing)(xing)貓腹腔注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)氫溴酸(suan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)0.05-0.1mg/kg，5分鐘(zhong)后(hou)(hou)，腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)電(dian)(dian)圖(tu)由低(di)幅(fu)快(kuai)(kuai)波轉變為(wei)不規(gui)則(ze)(ze)(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)幅(fu)慢(man)波。但(dan)此(ci)(ci)時(shi)驚(jing)醒(xing)(xing)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)仍存(cun)在(zai)，動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物表(biao)(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)安靜(jing)。若(ruo)劑量(liang)(liang)增(zeng)至0.25-0.50mg/kg時(shi)，腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)電(dian)(dian)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)出現(xian)(xian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)度同(tong)(tong)步化和(he)不規(gui)則(ze)(ze)(ze)高(gao)(gao)(gao)幅(fu)慢(man)波，而(er)且(qie)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)電(dian)(dian)驚(jing)醒(xing)(xing)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)亦(yi)消(xiao)(xiao)失(shi)；動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物表(biao)(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)興(xing)奮(fen)狂躁。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)猴、犬(quan)、兔(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)大(da)(da)鼠(shu)等(deng)(deng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物，東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)所(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)電(dian)(dian)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)非(fei)常(chang)(chang)近似，并能(neng)(neng)(neng)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)斷(duan)多種生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)刺激所(suo)引(yin)(yin)(yin)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)驚(jing)醒(xing)(xing)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)。1.3．對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)條件反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)： 大(da)(da)鼠(shu)皮下(xia)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)0.05-100mg/kg，能(neng)(neng)(neng)不同(tong)(tong)程(cheng)度地阻(zu)(zu)(zu)斷(duan)回(hui)避性(xing)(xing)條件反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)和(he)二級(ji)條件反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)，阻(zu)(zu)(zu)斷(duan)率(lv)(lv)與劑量(liang)(liang)呈平(ping)行關(guan)系。在(zai)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)鼠(shu)回(hui)避性(xing)(xing)條件反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)時(shi)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)影(ying)響(xiang)二級(ji)條件反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)及條件反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)最強(qiang)(qiang)，阿(a)(a)(a)托(tuo)(tuo)品則(ze)(ze)(ze)較(jiao)(jiao)弱(ruo)。1.4．對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)痛覺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)： 兔(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)鉀離子透入(ru)法和(he)小(xiao)鼠(shu)熱(re)板法證明(ming)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鎮痛作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，并能(neng)(neng)(neng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)杜(du)冷(leng)丁(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鎮痛作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)去(qu)甲(jia)腎上腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)素(su)(su)(su)側(ce)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)室(shi)(shi)(shi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)引(yin)(yin)(yin)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)痛閾(yu)降低(di)和(he)杜(du)冷(leng)丁(ding)鎮痛作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)弱(ruo)。小(xiao)鼠(shu)腹腔注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)洋(yang)金(jin)花(hua)總堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)每只(zhi)0.2mg，15分鐘(zhong)后(hou)(hou)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)輻射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)熱(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)痛閾(yu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)54.7%。亦(yi)有(you)報道(dao)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)震顫素(su)(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中樞(shu)(shu)(shu)鎮痛作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，且(qie)較(jiao)(jiao)阿(a)(a)(a)托(tuo)(tuo)品為(wei)強(qiang)(qiang)。1.5．與神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)遞質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相互影(ying)響(xiang)： 用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)1/10萬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)貓側(ce)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)室(shi)(shi)(shi)灌(guan)流(liu)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)乙(yi)相膽(dan)(dan)(dan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)釋放量(liang)(liang)，灌(guan)流(liu)期間合(he)(he)并靜(jing)脈(mo)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)1mg/kg，并不能(neng)(neng)(neng)使(shi)(shi)乙(yi)酰膽(dan)(dan)(dan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)釋放量(liang)(liang)進一步增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)但(dan)大(da)(da)鼠(shu)腹腔注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she) 東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)0.63mg/kg，腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)中乙(yi)酰膽(dan)(dan)(dan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)含量(liang)(liang)可(ke)(ke)(ke)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)31%，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)給藥(yao)(yao)后(hou)(hou)60分鐘(zhong)，為(wei)最強(qiang)(qiang)，于120分鐘(zhong)時(shi)恢復(fu)正常(chang)(chang)，說明(ming)非(fei)側(ce)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)室(shi)(shi)(shi)給藥(yao)(yao)仍能(neng)(neng)(neng)促進腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)內(nei)乙(yi)酰膽(dan)(dan)(dan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)釋放。而(er)使(shi)(shi)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)組織(zhi)中乙(yi)酰膽(dan)(dan)(dan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)含量(liang)(liang)下(xia)降。兔(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)靜(jing)脈(mo)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)利(li)血(xue)(xue)(xue)平(ping)0.5-1.0mg/kg或腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)室(shi)(shi)(shi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)氯苯丙氨酸(suan)（PCPA）每只(zhi)5.0mg，均能(neng)(neng)(neng)延(yan)(yan)長側(ce)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)室(shi)(shi)(shi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)2-3mg/kg引(yin)(yin)(yin)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)醉，但(dan)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)室(shi)(shi)(shi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)5-HT每只(zhi)250mg，靜(jing)脈(mo)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)優降寧50mg/kg均顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)縮短其麻(ma)(ma)(ma)醉時(shi)間；而(er)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)室(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)去(qu)甲(jia)腎上腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)素(su)(su)(su)每只(zhi) 20Oμg，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)醉時(shi)間無(wu)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)響(xiang)。因(yin)此(ci)(ci)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)大(da)(da)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)皮層(ceng)和(he)皮層(ceng)下(xia)某些部位主要是抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，如(ru)使(shi)(shi)意(yi)識消(xiao)(xiao)失(shi)，產生(sheng)(sheng)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)醉等(deng)(deng)，認為(wei)這與其阻(zu)(zu)(zu)滯大(da)(da)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)皮層(ceng)和(he)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)干(gan)網(wang)質結構(gou)M-膽(dan)(dan)(dan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)受體有(you)關(guan)，也可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)與它(ta)在(zai)中樞(shu)(shu)(shu)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)系統對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)去(qu)甲(jia)腎上腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)素(su)(su)(su)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)關(guan)。但(dan)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)延(yan)(yan)髓(sui)和(he)脊髓(sui)則(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)不同(tong)(tong)程(cheng)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)興(xing)奮(fen)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，特(te)別對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)延(yan)(yan)髓(sui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呼吸中樞(shu)(shu)(shu)，興(xing)奮(fen)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)較(jiao)(jiao)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)。為(wei)此(ci)(ci)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)清醒(xing)(xing)犬(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呼吸頻率(lv)(lv)，從而(er)抵消(xiao)(xiao)冬(dong)(dong)眠(mian)藥(yao)(yao)物（杜(du)冷(leng)丁(ding)和(he)氯丙嗪(qin)）減(jian)慢(man)呼吸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。2.對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)循(xun)環系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)：2.1．對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)心(xin)血(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)：東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)解除迷(mi)走(zou)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)心(xin)臟(zang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)交感神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)占優勢，故心(xin)率(lv)(lv)加(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)。阿(a)(a)(a)托(tuo)(tuo)品有(you)類似作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，且(qie)更強(qiang)(qiang)。正常(chang)(chang)兔(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)醉犬(quan)靜(jing)脈(mo)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)阿(a)(a)(a)托(tuo)(tuo)品2-4mg/kg或東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)4mg/kg后(hou)(hou)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)拮抗(kang)(kang)(kang)腎上腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)素(su)(su)(su)或去(qu)甲(jia)腎上腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)素(su)(su)(su)50μg/kg所(suo)誘發的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)律紊亂(luan)（房性(xing)(xing)或室(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)期前收縮，室(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)心(xin)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)速(su)等(deng)(deng)）、但(dan)不能(neng)(neng)(neng)拮抗(kang)(kang)(kang)引(yin)(yin)(yin)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)率(lv)(lv)加(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)。離體兔(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)耳血(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)(guan)灌(guan)流(liu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)明(ming)，20mg 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以拮抗(kang)(kang)(kang)去(qu)甲(jia)腎上腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)素(su)(su)(su)20μg/0.1mg引(yin)(yin)(yin)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)血(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)(guan)收縮作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，但(dan)此(ci)(ci)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比阿(a)(a)(a)托(tuo)(tuo)品弱(ruo)得(de)多。2.2．對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)血(xue)(xue)(xue)流(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)： 出血(xue)(xue)(xue)性(xing)(xing)休(xiu)克犬(quan)靜(jing)脈(mo)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)洋(yang)金(jin)花(hua)總堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，心(xin)排(pai)血(xue)(xue)(xue)量(liang)(liang)未見增(zeng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，但(dan)輸血(xue)(xue)(xue)以補充血(xue)(xue)(xue)容量(liang)(liang)后(hou)(hou)，洋(yang)金(jin)花(hua)總堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)使(shi)(shi)心(xin)排(pai)血(xue)(xue)(xue)量(liang)(liang)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)。說明(ming)洋(yang)金(jin)花(hua)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)心(xin)排(pai)血(xue)(xue)(xue)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)與血(xue)(xue)(xue)容量(liang)(liang)有(you)關(guan)。麻(ma)(ma)(ma)醉兔(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)靜(jing)脈(mo)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)10-20mg/kg，能(neng)(neng)(neng)拮抗(kang)(kang)(kang)靜(jing)脈(mo)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)5μg/kg腎上腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)素(su)(su)(su)或去(qu)甲(jia)腎上腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)素(su)(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)壓(ya)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。實驗(yan)還表(biao)(biao)(biao)明(ming)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)改善失(shi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)性(xing)(xing)犬(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微循(xun)環。3.對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)呼吸系統和(he)平(ping)滑(hua)(hua)肌器官的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)：小(xiao)劑量(liang)(liang)洋(yang)金(jin)花(hua)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)液可(ke)(ke)(ke)完全(quan)拮抗(kang)(kang)(kang)乙(yi)酰膽(dan)(dan)(dan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)引(yin)(yin)(yin)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)離體豚鼠(shu)氣管(guan)(guan)平(ping)滑(hua)(hua)肌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收縮作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。洋(yang)金(jin)花(hua)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)實驗(yan)性(xing)(xing)氣管(guan)(guan)炎大(da)(da)鼠(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣管(guan)(guan)粘液腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，杯狀細(xi)胞顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)，此(ci)(ci)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)與切斷(duan)單(dan)側(ce)迷(mi)走(zou)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)相似。東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)降低(di)胃腸道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蠕動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)及張力(li)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)斷(duan)膽(dan)(dan)(dan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)，使(shi)(shi)膀胱逼(bi)尿肌松弛(chi)，尿道(dao)括約肌收縮，引(yin)(yin)(yin)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)尿潴留(liu)。4.其它(ta)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)：洋(yang)金(jin)花(hua)總堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或東(dong)(dong)(dong)莨(lang)(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)與麻(ma)(ma)(ma)醉劑時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)病人(ren)周圍(wei)血(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)(guan)擴張，體表(biao)(biao)(biao)溫(wen)度升(sheng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，而(er)體溫(wen)下(xia)降。但(dan)術后(hou)(hou)2-6小(xiao)時(shi)體溫(wen)出現(xian)(xian)回(hui)升(sheng)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)精神(shen)病患(huan)者應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)洋(yang)金(jin)花(hua)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)醉后(hou)(hou)，靜(jing)脈(mo)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)給藥(yao)(yao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)見血(xue)(xue)(xue)膽(dan)(dan)(dan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)酯酶活(huo)(huo)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)均值有(you)顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)，而(er)肌肉(rou)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)則(ze)(ze)(ze)不明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)。
鑒別 : 理化鑒別 參(can)見(jian)：顛茄(qie)草(cao)“條。
性味 : 味苦(ku)；性寒(han)；大(da)毒
注意 : 《內蒙古(gu)中草藥(yao)〉：“內服慎用(yong)，心臟(zang)病(bing)、心力衰竭者忌用(yong)。”
功能主治 : 鎮痛；解痙。主脘腹疼痛；牙(ya)痛；咳嗽氣喘
用法用量 : 內服：研末(mo)，0.1-0.16%；或混入煙葉內燒(shao)煙吸。
復方 : ①治(zhi)氣管炎：莨(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)葉、三(san)棵針、金剛骨(gu)各等分為末。每次服(fu)一分五厘。(《內蒙古(gu)(gu)中(zhong)草藥(yao)(yao)》)②治(zhi)老人咳嗽、氣喘：莨(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)葉少許(xu)，混煙葉中(zhong)吸之。(《內蒙古(gu)(gu)中(zhong)草藥(yao)(yao)》)③治(zhi)牙疼：莨(lang)(lang)菪(dang)(dang)葉少許(xu)，混煙葉中(zhong)，吸(煙)含口內。(《黑龍江常用中(zhong)草藥(yao)(yao)手冊(ce)》)
各家論述 : 1. 李承(cheng)祜《生藥(yao)(yao)學》：鎮靜，鎮痛(tong)。用于支氣管疾病引(yin)起的咳嗽(sou)、喘息，齒病等(deng)癥。又可為(wei)麻醉劑(ji)、催眠劑(ji)。2.《內蒙(meng)古中(zhong)草藥(yao)(yao)》：鎮痛(tong)，解痙(jing)，止瀉(xie)。治氣管炎(yan)，咳嗽(sou)，氣喘。3.《中(zhong)國(guo)藥(yao)(yao)植志(zhi)(zhi)》：為(wei)膀胱炎(yan)與淋病的鎮痛(tong)藥(yao)(yao)，與瀉(xie)藥(yao)(yao)共享，可防止腸(chang)絞痛(tong)。4.《東北藥(yao)(yao)植志(zhi)(zhi)》：治胃痛(tong)，神經痛(tong)，氣喘等(deng)。
摘錄 : 《中華本草》
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