拼音注音 : Lián Qiáo
別名 : 連殼、黃花(hua)條(tiao)、黃鏈(lian)條(tiao)花(hua)、黃奇(qi)丹、青(qing)翹(qiao)、落翹(qiao)
英文名 : FRUCTUS FORSYTHIAE
來源 : 本品為木犀科植物(wu)連翹Forsythia suspensa （Thunb.）Vahl的干(gan)(gan)燥果(guo)(guo)實。秋季果(guo)(guo)實初(chu)熟(shu)尚帶綠色(se)時采收，除(chu)去(qu)雜(za)質，蒸熟(shu)，曬(shai)干(gan)(gan)，習稱(cheng)“青(qing)翹”；果(guo)(guo)實熟(shu)透時采收,曬(shai)干(gan)(gan)，除(chu)去(qu)雜(za)質，習稱(cheng)“老翹” 。
性狀 : 本品呈長卵形(xing)至卵形(xing)，稍扁，長1.5～2.5cm，直徑0.5～1.3cm。表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)有不規則的(de)縱皺(zhou)紋及多數凸(tu)起的(de)小(xiao)斑點，兩(liang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)各有1條明顯的(de)縱溝。頂(ding)端銳尖，基部有小(xiao)果梗或(huo)(huo)已脫(tuo)(tuo)落。青翹多不開裂，表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)綠褐色，凸(tu)起的(de)灰白色小(xiao)斑點較少(shao)，質硬；種子多數，黃(huang)綠色，細長，一側(ce)有翅。老翹自頂(ding)端開裂或(huo)(huo)裂成(cheng)兩(liang)瓣，表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)黃(huang)棕(zong)色或(huo)(huo)紅(hong)棕(zong)色，內表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)多為淺黃(huang)棕(zong)色，平滑(hua)，具一縱隔；質脆；種子棕(zong)色，多已脫(tuo)(tuo)落。氣(qi)微香，味苦。
貯藏 : 置(zhi)干燥處。
鑒別 : （1）本(ben)品(pin)(pin)果(guo)皮橫切面：外(wai)果(guo)皮為(wei) 1列扁平(ping)細胞(bao)，外(wai)壁(bi)(bi)及側(ce)壁(bi)(bi)增厚，被角質層。中果(guo)皮外(wai)側(ce)薄壁(bi)(bi)組織中散有維(wei)管束(shu)；中果(guo)皮內(nei)(nei)側(ce)為(wei)多(duo)列石(shi)細胞(bao)，長(chang)條形(xing)、類圓形(xing)或長(chang)圓形(xing)，壁(bi)(bi)厚薄不一(yi)，多(duo)切向排列成鑲嵌狀(zhuang)，并(bing)延伸至縱隔(ge)壁(bi)(bi)；內(nei)(nei)果(guo)皮為(wei)1 列薄壁(bi)(bi)細胞(bao)。（2）取(qu)本(ben)品(pin)(pin)粉末 1g，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)氯仿 30ml，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)回流1小時(shi)，濾過(guo)，棄(qi)去(qu)濾液(ye)(ye)，藥渣(zha)(zha)揮干，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)甲(jia)醇(chun)40ml，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)流1小時(shi)，濾過(guo)，濾液(ye)(ye)濃縮(suo)至約1ml，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)于聚酰胺柱（14～30目，3g,內(nei)(nei)徑1～1.2cm，用(yong)水(shui)50ml預洗(xi)(xi)）上(shang)，用(yong)水(shui)50ml洗(xi)(xi)脫，棄(qi)去(qu)水(shui)液(ye)(ye)，再(zai)用(yong)乙醇(chun)100ml洗(xi)(xi)脫，收集(ji)洗(xi)(xi)脫液(ye)(ye)，蒸干，殘(can)渣(zha)(zha)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)水(shui)30ml使溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解，濾過(guo)，濾液(ye)(ye)置(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)液(ye)(ye)漏斗中，用(yong)醋酸(suan)乙酯提取(qu)2 次，每次20ml，合并(bing)提取(qu)液(ye)(ye)，蒸干，殘(can)渣(zha)(zha)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)甲(jia)醇(chun)1ml使溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解，作為(wei)供試品(pin)(pin)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)。另取(qu)連翹(qiao)對(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)藥材(cai)1g，同法制成對(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)藥材(cai)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)。照(zhao)(zhao)薄層色譜(pu)法（附錄Ⅵ B）試驗，吸取(qu)上(shang)述(shu)兩種溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)各2μl，分(fen)別點(dian)于同一(yi)以(yi)含(han)5％磷酸(suan)二氫鈉的(de)(de)羧甲(jia)基纖維(wei)素鈉溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)為(wei)黏合劑的(de)(de)硅膠(jiao)Ｇ薄層板上(shang)，置(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)苯－丙酮－醋酸(suan)乙酯－甲(jia)醇(chun)-水(shui)（20:25:30:3:3）為(wei)展(zhan)開劑的(de)(de)展(zhan)開缸中飽和30分(fen)鐘，展(zhan)開，取(qu)出，晾干，置(zhi)(zhi)紫外(wai)光(guang)燈（365nm）下(xia)檢視(shi)。供試品(pin)(pin)色譜(pu)中,在(zai)(zai)與對(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)藥材(cai)色譜(pu)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)，顯相(xiang)同顏(yan)色的(de)(de)熒光(guang)斑(ban)點(dian)；再(zai)噴以(yi)香草醛硫(liu)酸(suan)試液(ye)(ye)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)至斑(ban)點(dian)顯色清晰，供試品(pin)(pin)色譜(pu)中，在(zai)(zai)與對(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)藥材(cai)色譜(pu)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)，顯相(xiang)同顏(yan)色的(de)(de)斑(ban)點(dian)。
歸經 : 歸(gui)肺、心、小腸經。
性味 : 苦(ku)，微寒。
功能主治 : 清熱(re)解(jie)毒(du)，消腫散結。用于癰(yong)疽，瘰(luo)癘，乳(ru)癰(yong)，丹毒(du)，風熱(re)感(gan)冒，溫(wen)病初起，溫(wen)熱(re)入營，高熱(re)煩渴(ke)，神昏發斑，熱(re)淋尿(niao)閉。
用法用量 : 6～15g。
備注 : （1）連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)性涼(liang)味苦，輕清(qing)(qing)上(shang)(shang)浮，可治上(shang)(shang)焦諸熱(re)(re)(re)，尤能解(jie)毒(du)消癰(yong)而散結，故(gu)為(wei)瘡家的(de)要藥(yao)。（2）本(ben)(ben)品配(pei)以(yi)(yi)銀花、薄荷、荊芥(jie)、甘草，則(ze)散風(feng)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)；配(pei)以(yi)(yi)玄參(can)、麥冬、青蓮心、竹葉卷心等，則(ze)清(qing)(qing)心泄熱(re)(re)(re)；配(pei)以(yi)(yi)銀花、蒲公英、紫花地(di)丁、赤芍(shao)等，則(ze)解(jie)毒(du)消癰(yong)；配(pei)以(yi)(yi)玄參(can)、夏(xia)枯草、貝母等，則(ze)散結消瘰。（3）銀花與連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)均(jun)有(you)良(liang)好的(de)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)解(jie)毒(du)作用(yong)，既能透熱(re)(re)(re)達(da)表，又能清(qing)(qing)里熱(re)(re)(re)、解(jie)瘡毒(du)，故(gu)在臨床上(shang)(shang)兩藥(yao)經常同用(yong)。但(dan)銀花尚能涼(liang)血止痢；連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)又能清(qing)(qing)心熱(re)(re)(re)，散結消瘰。（4）在過去用(yong)藥(yao)習慣上(shang)(shang)本(ben)(ben)品分(fen)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)殼與連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)心兩種，連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)殼為(wei)果實(shi)，連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)心為(wei)種子，一(yi)般認(ren)為(wei)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)心的(de)清(qing)(qing)心功用(yong)較好。現上(shang)(shang)海地(di)區已予簡(jian)化，只有(you)一(yi)種連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)，不再分(fen)為(wei)兩藥(yao)。
摘錄 : 《中國藥典(dian)》
拼音注音 : Lián Qiáo
別名 : 旱連子（《藥性論》），大翹子（《唐本草(cao)》），空(kong)殼（《中藥志(zhi)》）。
出處 : 《本經》
來源 : 為(wei)木(mu)犀(xi)科(ke)植(zhi)物連翹的(de)果實。果實初熟或熟透(tou)時采收。初熟的(de)果實采下后(hou)，蒸(zheng)熟，曬干(gan)，尚(shang)帶綠色，商(shang)品(pin)稱(cheng)為(wei)"青翹"；熟透(tou)的(de)果實，采下后(hou)曬干(gan)，除去(qu)種子及雜質。稱(cheng)為(wei)"老翹"；其種子稱(cheng)"連翹心"。
生境分布 : 多叢生于山(shan)野(ye)荒(huang)坡(po)間，各(ge)地亦有栽培(pei)。分布遼寧、河北(bei)(bei)、河南、山(shan)東、江蘇(su)、湖(hu)北(bei)(bei)、江西(xi)、云南、山(shan)西(xi)、陜西(xi)、甘肅(su)等地。主產山(shan)西(xi)、河南、陜西(xi)、山(shan)東。此外，湖(hu)北(bei)(bei)、河北(bei)(bei)、四川、甘肅(su)亦產。
原形態 : 連翹，又名：連、異翹（《爾雅(ya)(ya)》），蘭(lan)華、軹(zhi)、折根、三廉（《本經》），連草(cao)（《爾雅(ya)(ya)》郭(guo)璞注），大翹（《唐(tang)本草(cao)》），黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)桿、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)壽丹、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)瓣、落(luo)翹、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)條(tiao)。落(luo)葉(xie)灌木，高2～4米(mi)(mi)(mi)。枝開展或(huo)伸(shen)長(chang)，稍帶蔓(man)性(xing)，常著地生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)根，小枝稍呈(cheng)四棱形(xing)(xing)(xing)，節(jie)間(jian)中空(kong)，僅在節(jie)部具(ju)有實(shi)髓。單葉(xie)對生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，或(huo)成(cheng)為(wei)3小葉(xie)；葉(xie)柄長(chang)8～20毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)；葉(xie)片卵(luan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、長(chang)卵(luan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、廣卵(luan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)以至圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，長(chang)3～7厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，寬2～4厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，先端漸尖(jian)(jian)、急尖(jian)(jian)或(huo)鈍。基部闊楔(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，邊緣有不整齊的(de)鋸齒；半(ban)革(ge)質。花(hua)(hua)先葉(xie)開放(fang)，腋生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，長(chang)約(yue)2.5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)；花(hua)(hua)萼4深裂，橢(tuo)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)；花(hua)(hua)冠基部管狀，上部4裂，裂片卵(luan)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。金黃(huang)(huang)(huang)色，通常具(ju)橘紅(hong)色條(tiao)紋；雄蕊(rui)2，著生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于花(hua)(hua)冠基部；雌蕊(rui)1，子房卵(luan)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，花(hua)(hua)柱細長(chang)，柱頭2裂。蒴果狹卵(luan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)略扁，長(chang)約(yue)15厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，先端有短(duan)喙(hui)，成(cheng)熟時2瓣裂。種(zhong)子多(duo)數，棕(zong)色，狹橢(tuo)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，扁平，一側有薄翅。花(hua)(hua)期3～5月。果期7～8月。
性狀 : 干燥的(de)果實(shi)呈長卵形，長1.5～2厘米，直徑0.6～1厘米。頂(ding)端銳尖(jian)，基部有小(xiao)柄，或已(yi)脫(tuo)落(luo)。表(biao)(biao)面有不規則的(de)縱皺(zhou)紋及多數凸起的(de)小(xiao)斑(ban)(ban)點，兩(liang)側各(ge)有1條明顯(xian)的(de)縱溝。青(qing)翹(qiao)多不開裂(lie)，綠(lv)褐(he)色，表(biao)(biao)面凸起的(de)灰白色小(xiao)斑(ban)(ban)點較少，種(zhong)子(zi)多數，細長，一側有翅，黃(huang)綠(lv)色。老(lao)翹(qiao)自尖(jian)端開裂(lie)或裂(lie)成兩(liang)瓣，表(biao)(biao)面黃(huang)棕色或紅棕色，內表(biao)(biao)面多為(wei)(wei)淺(qian)黃(huang)棕色，種(zhong)子(zi)棕色，多已(yi)脫(tuo)落(luo)。氣(qi)微香，味苦。青(qing)翹(qiao)以(yi)(yi)色青(qing)綠(lv)、無(wu)枝梗者(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)佳；老(lao)翹(qiao)以(yi)(yi)色黃(huang)、殼厚、無(wu)種(zhong)子(zi)、純凈(jing)者(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)佳。
化學成分 : 果(guo)實含(han)(han)(han)連翹(qiao)酚(fen)、甾醇(chun)化合(he)物(wu)、皂甙（無溶血性(xing)）及(ji)黃(huang)酮醇(chun)甙類、馬苔樹脂(zhi)醇(chun)甙等。果(guo)皮含(han)(han)(han)齊墩果(guo)酸(suan)。青連翹(qiao)含(han)(han)(han)皂甙4.89％，生物(wu)堿(jian)0.2％。
藥理作用 : ①抗(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)濃(nong)縮煎劑(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)有(you)(you)抗(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，可抑(yi)制(zhi)傷(shang)(shang)寒(han)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、副(fu)傷(shang)(shang)寒(han)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、大(da)腸桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、痢疾(ji)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、白喉桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)及(ji)霍亂(luan)弧菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、葡萄(tao)球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、鏈(lian)球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)等(deng)。連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)的(de)抑(yi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)與(yu)金(jin)銀(yin)花大(da)體(ti)(ti)相(xiang)似；為(wei)銀(yin)翹(qiao)(qiao)散中(zhong)抗(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之主要成(cheng)分。金(jin)銀(yin)花對(dui)(dui)沙門氏(shi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)屬，特別是(shi)傷(shang)(shang)寒(han)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)以(yi)及(ji)溶血性鏈(lian)球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)似超過連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)，而(er)對(dui)(dui)痢疾(ji)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、金(jin)黃(huang)(huang)色葡萄(tao)球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之抑(yi)制(zhi)則以(yi)連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)似較好。二者(zhe)聯合使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)管中(zhong)并無協同(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，與(yu)黃(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)，黃(huang)(huang)芩組成(cheng)的(de)復方(fang)，體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)抑(yi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比單用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)時據云更強(qiang)。連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)中(zhong)抗(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)有(you)(you)效成(cheng)分研究不(bu)(bu)多，連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)酚在(zai)(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)管中(zhong)對(dui)(dui)金(jin)黃(huang)(huang)色葡萄(tao)球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)抑(yi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)濃(nong)度為(wei)1：5120；對(dui)(dui)痢疾(ji)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)1：1280；對(dui)(dui)白喉桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)及(ji)副(fu)傷(shang)(shang)寒(han)（甲）桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)1：640，可能(neng)(neng)為(wei)抗(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)效成(cheng)分。花對(dui)(dui)小(xiao)鼠實驗性結核病有(you)(you)一定(ding)療效，對(dui)(dui)豚(tun)鼠則無效。此(ci)外(wai)(wai)，還報(bao)告過它在(zai)(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)管中(zhong)及(ji)臨床上的(de)抗(kang)結核桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)的(de)醇提取物在(zai)(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)有(you)(you)抗(kang)鉤(gou)端螺旋體(ti)(ti)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，其強(qiang)度不(bu)(bu)及(ji)黃(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)、荔枝草或金(jin)銀(yin)花、黃(huang)(huang)芩，而(er)與(yu)黃(huang)(huang)柏、蚤休相(xiang)似。連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)水浸劑(ji)(ji)（1：5）在(zai)(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)管內對(dui)(dui)星形奴卡氏(shi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)些抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。朝(chao)鮮連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)果實的(de)乙醇、丙(bing)酮提取物以(yi)及(ji)從F.intermedia中(zhong)提出(chu)的(de)樹脂有(you)(you)抗(kang)真菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。②其他作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)能(neng)(neng)抑(yi)制(zhi)洋地黃(huang)(huang)對(dui)(dui)鴿靜脈注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)的(de)催吐(tu)(tu)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，減少嘔吐(tu)(tu)次數，但不(bu)(bu)改(gai)變嘔吐(tu)(tu)的(de)潛伏(fu)期，其鎮吐(tu)(tu)效果與(yu)注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)氯丙(bing)嚓兩小(xiao)時后(hou)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)相(xiang)仿。它又能(neng)(neng)抑(yi)制(zhi)犬皮下注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)阿(a)樸嗎啡所引(yin)起的(de)嘔吐(tu)(tu)，故推(tui)測其鎮吐(tu)(tu)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)原理(li)可能(neng)(neng)是(shi)抑(yi)制(zhi)延腦的(de)催吐(tu)(tu)化學感(gan)受(shou)區。連(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)的(de)果皮中(zhong)含齊(qi)墩果酸(suan)（又名洋橄欖(lan)葉酸(suan)），故有(you)(you)強(qiang)心、利尿作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。
炮制 : 揀凈雜質，搓開(kai)，除去枝梗。
歸經 : 入心、肝、膽經。①《湯(tang)液本草》："手足(zu)少陽、陽明(ming)經。"②《綱目》："少陰(yin)心經、厥陰(yin)包絡氣分。"③《雷公(gong)炮制藥性解》："入心、肝、膽、胃(wei)、三焦(jiao)、大腸六經。"
性味 : 苦(ku)，涼。①《本經》："味苦(ku)，平。"②《別錄》："無毒(du)。"③《醫學啟(qi)源》："《主治(zhi)秘(mi)訣》云，性涼，味苦(ku)。"④《綱目》："微苦(ku)辛。"
注意 : 脾胃虛弱，氣虛發熱(re)，癰疽已(yi)潰、膿稀色淡(dan)者忌服(fu)。①《本草經疏》："癰疽巳(si)潰勿服(fu)，大熱(re)由于虛者勿服(fu)，脾胃薄(bo)弱易(yi)于作泄者勿服(fu)。"②《本草通玄》："久服(fu)有寒中(zhong)之患。"
功能主治 : 清熱(re)，解毒(du)(du)，散結(jie)，消(xiao)(xiao)腫(zhong)。治(zhi)(zhi)溫熱(re)，丹毒(du)(du)，斑疹，癰瘍腫(zhong)毒(du)(du)，瘰疬，小(xiao)(xiao)便(bian)淋(lin)閉。①《本(ben)經(jing)》："主寒熱(re)，鼠痿(wei)，瘰疬，癰腫(zhong)惡瘡，癭瘤(liu)，結(jie)熱(re)。"②《別錄》："去白(bai)蟲。"③《藥(yao)性論》："主通利五淋(lin)，小(xiao)(xiao)便(bian)不(bu)通，除心家客熱(re)。"④《日華子本(ben)草(cao)》："通小(xiao)(xiao)腸，排膿。治(zhi)(zhi)瘡癤，止痛，通月經(jing)。"⑤李杲："散諸經(jing)血(xue)結(jie)氣聚；消(xiao)(xiao)腫(zhong)。"⑥王好古："治(zhi)(zhi)耳聾渾渾焞焞。"
用法用量 : 內(nei)服：煎湯，3～5錢；或入丸，散。外用：煎水洗。
復方 : ①治(zhi)太(tai)陰風溫(wen)、溫(wen)熱、溫(wen)疫(yi)、冬溫(wen)，初起但熱不(bu)惡寒而渴者：連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)一(yi)(yi)兩，銀花(hua)一(yi)(yi)兩，苦桔(jie)梗六錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，薄荷(he)六錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，竹葉四錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，生甘(gan)草(cao)五錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，芥穗四錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，淡豆(dou)豉五錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，牛蒡子(zi)六錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。上杵為(wei)散，每(mei)服(fu)(fu)六錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，鮮(xian)葦根湯煎(jian)(jian)，香氣大出(chu)，即取服(fu)(fu)，勿過煮。病(bing)重者，約(yue)二(er)時(shi)一(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)，日三服(fu)(fu)，夜一(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)；輕者三時(shi)一(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)，日三服(fu)(fu)，夜一(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)；病(bing)不(bu)解者，作再服(fu)(fu)。（《溫(wen)病(bing)條辨》銀翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)散）②治(zhi)小兒一(yi)(yi)切熱：連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)、防風、甘(gan)草(cao)（炙）、山梔子(zi)各(ge)等(deng)分。上搗羅為(wei)末，每(mei)服(fu)(fu)二(er)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，水一(yi)(yi)中盞，煎(jian)(jian)七分，去(qu)滓溫(wen)服(fu)(fu)。（《類證(zheng)活人書》連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)飲）③治(zhi)赤游癍毒(du)：連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)一(yi)(yi)味，煎(jian)(jian)湯飲之。（《玉(yu)(yu)樵醫令(ling)》）④治(zhi)乳癰，乳核(he)：連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)、雄鼠屎、蒲(pu)公英、川貝(bei)母各(ge)二(er)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。水煎(jian)(jian)服(fu)(fu)。（《玉(yu)(yu)樵醫令(ling)》）⑤治(zhi)瘰疬結核(he)不(bu)消：連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)、鬼箭(jian)羽、瞿麥、甘(gan)草(cao)（炙）各(ge)等(deng)分。上為(wei)細末，每(mei)服(fu)(fu)二(er)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，臨臥米(mi)泔水調下。（《楊氏家藏方》連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)散）⑥治(zhi)舌破(po)生瘡：連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)五錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，黃(huang)柏(bo)三錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，甘(gan)草(cao)二(er)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。水煎(jian)(jian)含漱。（《玉(yu)(yu)樵醫令(ling)》）
臨床應用 : ①治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)急性(xing)(xing)(xing)腎炎取連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)6錢(qian)，加(jia)水用(yong)文(wen)(wen)火(huo)煎(jian)至150毫(hao)升(sheng)，分3次(ci)(ci)食前(qian)(qian)服(fu)，小兒酌減。視(shi)病情需要連(lian)(lian)(lian)服(fu)5～10日(ri)(ri)，忌辣(la)物及鹽。8例(li)患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)前(qian)(qian)均(jun)有(you)浮(fu)腫，血壓在140～200/96～110毫(hao)米汞柱之間，尿檢(jian)有(you)蛋白、顆粒管(guan)(guan)型及紅、白細(xi)胞等。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)后(hou)6例(li)浮(fu)腫全部(bu)消退，2例(li)顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)好(hao)(hao)(hao)轉(zhuan)；血壓顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)下(xia)降；尿檢(jian)6例(li)轉(zhuan)陰，2例(li)好(hao)(hao)(hao)轉(zhuan)。②治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)紫癜病取連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)6錢(qian)，加(jia)水用(yong)文(wen)(wen)火(huo)煎(jian)成150毫(hao)升(sheng)，分3次(ci)(ci)食前(qian)(qian)服(fu)，忌辣(la)物。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)血小板減少性(xing)(xing)(xing)出血性(xing)(xing)(xing)紫癜1例(li)，過敏性(xing)(xing)(xing)紫癜2例(li)。經(jing)2～7日(ri)(ri)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)，皮(pi)膚紫癱全部(bu)消退。連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)對本(ben)病所起的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，可能與(yu)其中含有(you)多(duo)量蕓香甙，具有(you)保(bao)持毛細(xi)血管(guan)(guan)正常抵抗(kang)力(li)，減少毛細(xi)血管(guan)(guan)的(de)脆性(xing)(xing)(xing)和通透(tou)性(xing)(xing)(xing)有(you)關；此(ci)外(wai)，連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)似乎(hu)尚有(you)脫敏作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。③治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)肺膿腫將(jiang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)制成注射液，每毫(hao)升(sheng)含連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)1克(ke)。采(cai)用(yong)氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)滴入法合并(bing)肌肉(rou)注射。氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)滴入一般用(yong)6～10毫(hao)升(sheng)，每日(ri)(ri)1次(ci)(ci)；癥狀好(hao)(hao)(hao)轉(zhuan)后(hou)隔日(ri)(ri)1次(ci)(ci)；趨向萎(wei)縮或閉合后(hou)則每周2次(ci)(ci)。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)25例(li)，治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愈14例(li)，好(hao)(hao)(hao)轉(zhuan)10例(li)，死亡1例(li)；據18例(li)統計，平均(jun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)12天退熱，氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)滴注平均(jun)26.8次(ci)(ci)，最多(duo)者(zhe)(zhe)50次(ci)(ci)。④治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)視(shi)網膜出血取連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)6～7錢(qian)，文(wen)(wen)火(huo)水煎(jian)，分3次(ci)(ci)食前(qian)(qian)服(fu)，2例(li)視(shi)網膜黃斑區出血，服(fu)藥20～27天后(hou)，均(jun)顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)吸收，視(shi)力(li)有(you)所增強。
摘錄 : 《中藥大(da)辭典》
拼音注音 : Lián Qiáo
別名 : 旱(han)連子(zi)、大翹(qiao)子(zi)、空翹(qiao)、空殼(ke)、落翹(qiao)
出處 : 出自《神農本草經》。1.陶弘景：連翹處處有，今用莖連花實也。2.《唐本草》：連翹有兩種，大翹、小翹。大翹葉狹長，如水蘇，花黃可愛，生下濕地，著子似椿實之未開者，作房翹出眾草。其小翹生崗原之上，葉花實皆似大翹而小細，山南人并用之。今京下惟用大翹子，不用莖花也。3.《本草圖經》：連翹，今近京及河中、江寧府，澤、潤、淄袞、鼎、岳、利州，南康軍皆有之。有大翹、小翹二種。(大翹)生下
來源 : 藥(yao)材(cai)基(ji)源：為木犀科植物(wu)(wu)(wu)連翹(qiao)的果實(shi)(shi)。拉丁植物(wu)(wu)(wu)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)礦(kuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)名：Forsythia suspensa （Thunb.）Vahl[Sy－ringa suspensa Thunb.」采收和(he)儲藏(zang)：連翹(qiao)定植3-4年(nian)后開花結實(shi)(shi)。藥(yao)用分“青(qing)翹(qiao)”、“老翹(qiao)”兩(liang)種。青(qing)翹(qiao)在9月上(shang)旬(xun)，果皮呈青(qing)色(se)尚未成熟(shu)時(shi)采下，置沸水中稍煮片(pian)刻或放蒸(zheng)籠(long)內(nei)蒸(zheng)約0．5h，取出(chu)曬干。老翹(qiao)在10月上(shang)旬(xun)果實(shi)(shi)熟(shu)透變黃，果殼裂開時(shi)采收，曬干，篩去(qu)種子及(ji)雜(za)質。
生境分布 : 生態環(huan)境：生于(yu)山(shan)(shan)坡灌叢、疏林及草叢中。資源(yuan)分(fen)布：分(fen)布于(yu)河北、山(shan)(shan)西(xi)、陜西(xi)、甘肅、山(shan)(shan)東(dong)、江蘇(su)、安徽、河南、湖北、四川等地。現有栽培。
原形態 : 落葉(xie)(xie)(xie)灌木。小枝土(tu)黃(huang)色或灰褐色，略(lve)呈四棱形(xing)(xing)，疏(shu)生皮孔，節(jie)間中空，節(jie)部具(ju)實心髓。葉(xie)(xie)(xie)通常為(wei)單葉(xie)(xie)(xie)，或3裂(lie)至(zhi)3出(chu)復葉(xie)(xie)(xie)；葉(xie)(xie)(xie)柄長(chang)(chang)0.8-1.5cm，無毛(mao)；葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片(pian)卵(luan)(luan)形(xing)(xing)、寬(kuan)(kuan)卵(luan)(luan)形(xing)(xing)或橢圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)卵(luan)(luan)形(xing)(xing)至(zhi)橢圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)，長(chang)(chang)2-10cm，寬(kuan)(kuan)1.5-5cm，先(xian)端銳尖(jian)，基部圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)至(zhi)楔形(xing)(xing)，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)緣除基部外具(ju)銳鋸(ju)(ju)齒或粗鋸(ju)(ju)齒。花(hua)通常單生或2至(zhi)數朵著生于(yu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)腋(ye)，先(xian)于(yu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)開放(fang)；花(hua)梗(geng)長(chang)(chang)5-6mm；花(hua)萼綠色，裂(lie)片(pian)4，長(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)或長(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)橢圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)，邊緣具(ju)睫毛(mao)；花(hua)冠(guan)黃(huang)色，裂(lie)片(pian)4，倒卵(luan)(luan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)橢圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)，長(chang)(chang)1.2-2cm，寬(kuan)(kuan)6-10mm；雄蕊(rui)2，著生在花(hua)冠(guan)管(guan)基部；花(hua)柱(zhu)細(xi)長(chang)(chang)，柱(zhu)頭2裂(lie)。蒴(shuo)果(guo)(guo)卵(luan)(luan)球形(xing)(xing)，2室，長(chang)(chang)1.2-2.5cm，寬(kuan)(kuan)0.6-1.2cm，先(xian)端喙狀(zhuang)(zhuang)漸尖(jian)，表面(mian)疏(shu)生瘤點；果(guo)(guo)梗(geng)長(chang)(chang)0.7-1.5cm。花(hua)期(qi)3-4月(yue)(yue)，果(guo)(guo)期(qi)7-9月(yue)(yue)。
栽培 : 生物學特(te)性 喜(xi)溫暖潮濕氣候。適(shi)應性強，耐(nai)寒、耐(nai)瘠薄。喜(xi)陽(yang)光(guang)充足。對(dui)土(tu)壤(rang)要(yao)求(qiu)不嚴(yan)，腐殖土(tu)及砂質(zhi)礫土(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)都能生長(chang)。栽培(pei)技術(shu) 采用(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)、壓(ya)條、扦插繁(fan)殖。種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)繁(fan)殖：北(bei)方(fang)于3月(yue)(yue)(yue)底至4月(yue)(yue)(yue)上旬(xun)，南(nan)方(fang)于3月(yue)(yue)(yue)上、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)。播(bo)前將種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)在(zai)(zai)50℃的溫水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)浸泡10～12h取(qu)出(chu)，晾干后(hou)(hou)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)。或在(zai)(zai)9～10月(yue)(yue)(yue)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)用(yong)濕沙進(jin)(jin)行層積處理，經(jing)春(chun)取(qu)出(chu)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)，可(ke)以提高發(fa)芽率。行距(ju)(ju)30cm左右(you)，覆(fu)土(tu)1～2cm，再蓋草(cao)保持土(tu)壤(rang)濕潤(run)。苗(miao)高15～20cm時間苗(miao)，按株(zhu)距(ju)(ju)10cm定苗(miao)，并追(zhui)施(shi)人畜(chu)糞水(shui)，當(dang)(dang)年秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)(ji)或第2年早(zao)(zao)春(chun)移(yi)(yi)栽。壓(ya)條繁(fan)殖：在(zai)(zai)雨季(ji)(ji)(ji)到來(lai)之(zhi)前，將母株(zhu)上較長(chang)的當(dang)(dang)年生枝(zhi)(zhi)條向下壓(ya)彎，埋入(ru)母株(zhu)附(fu)近的土(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)3～4cm，然后(hou)(hou)灌水(shui)，經(jing)常(chang)保持濕潤(run)，第2年早(zao)(zao)春(chun)移(yi)(yi)栽。扦插繁(fan)殖：在(zai)(zai)秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)(ji)落葉后(hou)(hou)或早(zao)(zao)春(chun)發(fa)芽前選用(yong)1～2年生健壯枝(zhi)(zhi)條，剪(jian)取(qu)長(chang)20cm左右(you)，只留(liu)(liu)上部2～3片葉，其余的葉摘掉。按行株(zhu)距(ju)(ju)5cm×15cm，插入(ru)苗(miao)床中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，使(shi)插條露出(chu)土(tu)面1～2個節，插后(hou)(hou)立即(ji)灌水(shui)，經(jing)常(chang)保持濕潤(run)，扦插成(cheng)活后(hou)(hou)20～30d開始施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，3～4次，當(dang)(dang)年即(ji)可(ke)移(yi)(yi)栽。移(yi)(yi)栽時按穴距(ju)(ju)2m×1.5m開穴，施(shi)少量腐殖熟(shu)堆(dui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)或廄(jiu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，栽時使(shi)根自(zi)然舒(shu)展，埋上壓(ya)實。連翹(qiao)的結果率很低，在(zai)(zai)移(yi)(yi)栽時必須(xu)使(shi)長(chang)花(hua)柱植株(zhu)和短花(hua)柱植株(zhu)相間栽培(pei)，才能提高結果率。田間管(guan)理 生長(chang)期中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)必須(xu)進(jin)(jin)行合(he)理修(xiu)剪(jian)，去弱留(liu)(liu)強，才能多結果實。冬季(ji)(ji)(ji)修(xiu)剪(jian)時，以疏剪(jian)為主，短截(jie)為輔。除每墩(dun)保持3～7條旺盛的主干外，其余瘦(shou)弱的、枯老(lao)的枝(zhi)(zhi)條可(ke)視情(qing)況(kuang)剪(jian)除。修(xiu)剪(jian)后(hou)(hou)應施(shi)用(yong)追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)或廄(jiu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、堆(dui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)加(jia)過磷酸鈣等，在(zai)(zai)株(zhu)旁開溝施(shi)入(ru)后(hou)(hou)覆(fu)土(tu)。6月(yue)(yue)(yue)間應清除從基部新(xin)發(fa)的多余徒長(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)，并按具(ju)體情(qing)況(kuang)進(jin)(jin)行中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕除草(cao)、摘心等工(gong)作(zuo)。病蟲害(hai)(hai)防治(zhi) 病害(hai)(hai)有立枯病；蟲害(hai)(hai)有地老(lao)虎等為害(hai)(hai)。
性狀 : 性(xing)狀鑒(jian)(jian)別 果(guo)(guo)實長(chang)(chang)(chang)卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)至卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)，稍(shao)扁，長(chang)(chang)(chang)1－2．5cm，直(zhi)徑(jing)0．5-1．3cm。“老(lao)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)”多(duo)(duo)(duo)自先端開(kai)裂，略向外(wai)(wai)反曲(qu)或(huo)(huo)裂成(cheng)(cheng)兩瓣(ban)，基(ji)部(bu)有(you)(you)(you)果(guo)(guo)柄或(huo)(huo)其(qi)斷痕，果(guo)(guo)瓣(ban)外(wai)(wai)表(biao)面(mian)黃(huang)棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)，有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)規(gui)(gui)則的(de)(de)縱(zong)皺(zhou)紋(wen)(wen)及(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)數(shu)凸起的(de)(de)淡黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)瘤點，基(ji)部(bu)瘤點較(jiao)(jiao)少(shao)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央有(you)(you)(you)1條(tiao)縱(zong)凹溝(gou)；內(nei)表(biao)面(mian)淡黃(huang)棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)，平(ping)滑，略帶(dai)光(guang)澤，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)縱(zong)隔，種(zhong)子多(duo)(duo)(duo)已(yi)脫落(luo)，果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)硬脆，斷面(mian)平(ping)坦。“清翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)”多(duo)(duo)(duo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)開(kai)裂，表(biao)面(mian)綠(lv)褐色(se)(se)(se)(se)，瘤點較(jiao)(jiao)少(shao)，基(ji)部(bu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)具果(guo)(guo)柄，內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)子多(duo)(duo)(duo)數(shu)，披針形(xing)(xing)(xing)，微彎曲(qu)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)0．7cm，寬約(yue)0.2cm，表(biao)面(mian)棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)有(you)(you)(you)窄翅。氣微香，味苦(ku)。“青(qing)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)”以(yi)(yi)色(se)(se)(se)(se)綠(lv)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)開(kai)裂者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)佳；“老(lao)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)”以(yi)(yi)色(se)(se)(se)(se)黃(huang)、瓣(ban)大(da)(da)、殼(ke)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)佳。顯微鑒(jian)(jian)別 果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)橫切(qie)面(mian)：外(wai)(wai)果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)為(wei)(wei)1列(lie)(lie)切(qie)向延長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)表(biao)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)，外(wai)(wai)被角質(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)，瘤點處可見(jian)(jian)薄(bo)壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)組(zu)織隆起。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)由(you)10-30列(lie)(lie)薄(bo)壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)薄(bo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)，具紋(wen)(wen)孔(kong)(kong)，罕(han)含方晶(jing)；外(wai)(wai)韌型(xing)維管(guan)束，大(da)(da)小(xiao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)，老(lao)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)木質(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)內(nei)側(ce)常見(jian)(jian)石(shi)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)群(qun)和纖維束，青(qing)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)時可見(jian)(jian)。內(nei)果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)為(wei)(wei)5-14列(lie)(lie)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)組(zu)織，縱(zong)橫交錯排(pai)列(lie)(lie)，大(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)為(wei)(wei)木化(hua)的(de)(de)纖維束并夾有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)群(qun)，壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)薄(bo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)均。最內(nei)層(ceng)為(wei)(wei)1列(lie)(lie)較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)的(de)(de)切(qie)向延長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)內(nei)表(biao)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)。果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)粉末特征：淡黃(huang)棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)。①內(nei)果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)纖維較(jiao)(jiao)多(duo)(duo)(duo)．多(duo)(duo)(duo)成(cheng)(cheng)束，有(you)(you)(you)時上(shang)下層(ceng)縱(zong)橫交錯；短梭形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)規(gui)(gui)則形(xing)(xing)(xing)，邊緣不(bu)(bu)(bu)平(ping)整或(huo)(huo)有(you)(you)(you)凹凸，有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)狹細(xi)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)80-224μm，直(zhi)徑(jing)24-32μm，壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)8-18μm，木化(hua)，紋(wen)(wen)孔(kong)(kong)較(jiao)(jiao)少(shao)，孔(kong)(kong)溝(gou)細(xi)。②石(shi)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)極多(duo)(duo)(duo)，單個散(san)在或(huo)(huo)成(cheng)(cheng)群(qun)；類(lei)(lei)多(duo)(duo)(duo)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)、類(lei)(lei)長(chang)(chang)(chang)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)、類(lei)(lei)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)類(lei)(lei)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)，直(zhi)徑(jing)36-48μm，壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)8-22μm，有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)邊較(jiao)(jiao)薄(bo)，紋(wen)(wen)孔(kong)(kong)疏密不(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)，孔(kong)(kong)溝(gou)隱約(yue)可見(jian)(jian)。③果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)表(biao)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)無色(se)(se)(se)(se)或(huo)(huo)微帶(dai)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)；斷面(mian)觀呈(cheng)(cheng)類(lei)(lei)萬形(xing)(xing)(xing)，表(biao)面(mian)觀呈(cheng)(cheng)類(lei)(lei)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)類(lei)(lei)多(duo)(duo)(duo)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)，垂周壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增厚(hou)(hou)(hou)，稍(shao)彎曲(qu)，外(wai)(wai)平(ping)周壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)表(biao)面(mian)微現不(bu)(bu)(bu)規(gui)(gui)則或(huo)(huo)網狀角質(zhi)(zhi)紋(wen)(wen)理。④中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)棕黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)，壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)，部(bu)分(fen)(fen)連珠狀，紋(wen)(wen)孔(kong)(kong)偶見(jian)(jian)。另(ling)(ling)有(you)(you)(you)螺紋(wen)(wen)導(dao)管(guan)及(ji)管(guan)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)，直(zhi)徑(jing)約(yue)14μm。理化(hua)鑒(jian)(jian)別 （1）取本品(pin)粉末1g，加(jia)70％乙(yi)(yi)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)10ml熱浸(jin)，浸(jin)出液蒸(zheng)干。殘(can)渣以(yi)(yi)1ml冰醋(cu)酸溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解后(hou)，傾(qing)入(ru)小(xiao)試(shi)管(guan)，沿管(guan)壁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)加(jia)入(ru)硫酸1ml，兩液層(ceng)間(jian)出現紫紅色(se)(se)(se)(se)環。（檢(jian)查三(san)萜(tie)皂甙）（2）取本品(pin)粉末0．5g，加(jia)乙(yi)(yi)醚(mi)5ml，振搖5min，濾過，濾液置小(xiao)試(shi)管(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，加(jia)7％鹽(yan)酸羥胺甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液3滴(di)，2O％氫(qing)氧化(hua)鉀(jia)甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液3滴(di)，于水浴(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)微熱2min，放冷(leng)，加(jia)1％鹽(yan)酸，使呈(cheng)(cheng)微酸性(xing)，再(zai)加(jia)1％三(san)氯(lv)化(hua)鐵乙(yi)(yi)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液2滴(di)，呈(cheng)(cheng)紫紅色(se)(se)(se)(se)。（檢(jian)查香豆精）（3）薄(bo)層(ceng)色(se)(se)(se)(se)譜 取本品(pin)粉末3g，加(jia)水20ml，煎煮30min，加(jia)6mol／L鹽(yan)酸，調節pH至2，即用(yong)乙(yi)(yi)醚(mi)20ml提取，回收(shou)乙(yi)(yi)醚(mi)后(hou)的(de)(de)殘(can)渣，再(zai)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)于乙(yi)(yi)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)0．5ml中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，作為(wei)(wei)供試(shi)品(pin)試(shi)液。另(ling)(ling)取齊墩果(guo)(guo)酸配制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)對(dui)照(zhao)品(pin)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液。吸取上(shang)述兩種(zhong)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液，分(fen)(fen)別點于同(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)硅(gui)膠H-1％CMC薄(bo)層(ceng)板上(shang)，以(yi)(yi)氯(lv)仿-甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)（20：1）為(wei)(wei)展開(kai)劑，展開(kai)，取出，晾(liang)干，噴以(yi)(yi)10％硫酸，于110t烤10min供試(shi)品(pin)色(se)(se)(se)(se)譜中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，在與對(dui)照(zhao)品(pin)色(se)(se)(se)(se)譜相(xiang)應的(de)(de)位置上(shang)，顯相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)灰黑色(se)(se)(se)(se)斑點。或(huo)(huo)碘熏后(hou)，呈(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)黃(huang)棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)斑點。品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)志 用(yong)65％乙(yi)(yi)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)作溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑，按《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華人民共和國藥典》1995年版(ban)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)浸(jin)出物測定法(fa)項下的(de)(de)冷(leng)浸(jin)法(fa)測定，醇(chun)(chun)(chun)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)浸(jin)出物“青(qing)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)”不(bu)(bu)(bu)得少(shao)于30．0％，“老(lao)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)”不(bu)(bu)(bu)得少(shao)于16．0％。
毒性 : 連翹注射液(ye)(1：1)小鼠腹腔(qiang)注射LD50為24.85±1.12g／kg。復(fu)方連翹注射液(ye)小鼠腹腔(qiang)注射LD50為119.5g(生藥)／kg。
化學成分 : 果(guo)(guo)實含木脂(zhi)(zhi)體類(lei)化合(he)物：連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)甙(dai)(dai)（forsythin，phillyrin）[1]，連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)甙(dai)(dai)元(yuan)（phillygenin），右旋(xuan)松脂(zhi)(zhi)酚 （pinoresin－ol）[2,3]，右旋(xuan)松脂(zhi)(zhi)醇(chun)(chun)葡萄糖甙(dai)(dai)（pinoresinol-β-D-glucoside）[3,4]；黃酮類(lei)化合(he)物：蕓香(xiang)甙(dai)(dai)（rutin）[2,4]；苯乙(yi)(yi)(yi)烷(wan)類(lei)衍(yan)生物：連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)脂(zhi)(zhi)甙(dai)(dai)（forsythoside）A、C、D、E[5]，連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)種甙(dai)(dai)（suspensaside）[6]，毛(mao)柳甙(dai)(dai)（salidroside）[5]；乙(yi)(yi)(yi)基環己(ji)醇(chun)(chun)類(lei)衍(yan)生物：（木來）木甙(dai)(dai)（cornside）［5］，連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)環己(ji)醇(chun)(chun)（rengyol），異連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)環己(ji)醇(chun)(chun)（isorengyol），連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)環己(ji)醇(chun)(chun)氧(yang)化物（rengyoxide），連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)環己(ji)醇(chun)(chun)酮（rengyolone），連翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)環己(ji)醇(chun)(chun)甙(dai)(dai)（rengyoside）A、B、C[5]；三萜(tie)類(lei)化合(he)物：白燁脂(zhi)(zhi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)（betulinic acid），齊墩果(guo)(guo)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)（oleanolic acid）［2］，熊果(guo)(guo)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)（ursolic acid）［3］，β-香(xiang)樹脂(zhi)(zhi)醇(chun)(chun)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)酯（β-amyrin acetate），異降香(xiang)萜(tie)烯酸(suan)(suan)(suan)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)酯（isobauerenyl acetate），20（S）-達瑪-24-烯-3β，20-二醇(chun)(chun)-3-乙(yi)(yi)(yi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)酯〔20（S）-dammar-24-ene-3β，20－diol－3－acetate］[7]等(deng)。
藥理作用 : 1.抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong) 1.1.抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)細(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)：將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)種子(zi)(zi)揮(hui)發(fa)油(you)乳劑(ji)以試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)倍量(liang)(liang)稀(xi)(xi)釋(shi)(shi)(shi)法進行(xing)(xing)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)果顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)該藥(yao)除(chu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)綠膿桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)稍低外(wai)(wai)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)其(qi)它10株革(ge)蘭氏陽性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)陰(yin)性(xing)(xing)(xing)細(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)均(jun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)較強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。其(qi)中(zhong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)金(jin)(jin)黃(huang)色(se)(se)葡(pu)萄(tao)(tao)球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)最強(qiang)(qiang)(抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)效(xiao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1／1.024)；其(qi)次為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)肺炎球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；甲(jia)(jia)(jia)、乙型(xing)(xing)鏈球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；卡他奈氏球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；福氏痢(li)(li)疾桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；甲(jia)(jia)(jia)型(xing)(xing)副(fu)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)寒(han)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；(抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)效(xiao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1／512)和(he)(he)(he)(he)大(da)腸(chang)(chang)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)效(xiao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1/256)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)肺炎桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、普通變(bian)形(xing)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)效(xiao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1／28。選(xuan)取(qu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)所試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)之試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)液(ye)(ye)，進行(xing)(xing)再傳(chuan)代培養試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)果顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)種子(zi)(zi)揮(hui)發(fa)油(you)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)所試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)細(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)較為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)徹底而(er)且穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)。連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)濃(nong)(nong)縮煎(jian)劑(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，可(ke)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)寒(han)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、副(fu)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)寒(han)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、大(da)腸(chang)(chang)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、痢(li)(li)疾桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、白(bai)(bai)喉桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)及(ji)(ji)霍亂弧菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、葡(pu)萄(tao)(tao)球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、鏈球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)等(deng)。連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)與金(jin)(jin)銀(yin)花大(da)體(ti)(ti)相似；為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)銀(yin)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)散(san)中(zhong)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之主要(yao)成分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)。金(jin)(jin)銀(yin)花對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)沙(sha)門氏菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)屬，特別是傷(shang)(shang)(shang)寒(han)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)以及(ji)(ji)溶(rong)血(xue)(xue)性(xing)(xing)(xing)鏈球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)似超過(guo)(guo)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)，而(er)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)痢(li)(li)疾桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、金(jin)(jin)黃(huang)色(se)(se)葡(pu)萄(tao)(tao)球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)則以連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)似較好。二(er)者聯(lian)(lian)合(he)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)中(zhong)并無協同作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，與黃(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)、黃(huang)芩組(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復方，體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)單用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)時(shi)(shi)據云(yun)更強(qiang)(qiang)。連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)中(zhong)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)成分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)研究不(bu)(bu)(bu)多，連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)酚在(zai)(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)營中(zhong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)金(jin)(jin)黃(huang)色(se)(se)葡(pu)萄(tao)(tao)球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1：5120；對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)痢(li)(li)疾桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1：1280；對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)白(bai)(bai)喉桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)及(ji)(ji)副(fu)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)寒(han)(甲(jia)(jia)(jia))桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1：640，可(ke)能力抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)成分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)。花對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)小(xiao)鼠(shu)(shu)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)結(jie)(jie)(jie)核病(bing)(bing)(bing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)療(liao)效(xiao)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)豚(tun)(tun)鼠(shu)(shu)則無效(xiao)。此外(wai)(wai)，還報告(gao)過(guo)(guo)它在(zai)(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)中(zhong)及(ji)(ji)臨床上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)核桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)醇提(ti)(ti)取(qu)物在(zai)(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)鉤(gou)端螺旋(xuan)體(ti)(ti)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，其(qi)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)黃(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)、荔(li)枝草(cao)或(huo)(huo)金(jin)(jin)銀(yin)花、黃(huang)芩，而(er)與黃(huang)柏、蚤休(xiu)相似。連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)水(shui)浸劑(ji)(1：5)在(zai)(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)內(nei)(nei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)星形(xing)奴卡氏菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1.2.抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)真菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)：將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)種子(zi)(zi)揮(hui)發(fa)油(you)乳劑(ji)以試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)倍量(liang)(liang)稀(xi)(xi)釋(shi)(shi)(shi)法進行(xing)(xing)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)白(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)和(he)(he)(he)(he)熱(re)帶念(nian)珠菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)果顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)該藥(yao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)所試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)個菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)株均(jun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)較明顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，其(qi)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)效(xiao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1／1.024和(he)(he)(he)(he)1/512。1.3.抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong) 將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)種子(zi)(zi)揮(hui)發(fa)油(you)乳劑(ji)以雞(ji)胚(pei)內(nei)(nei)法(藥(yao)物濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1/32)和(he)(he)(he)(he)雞(ji)胚(pei)外(wai)(wai)法進行(xing)(xing)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)亞(ya)洲甲(jia)(jia)(jia)型(xing)(xing)流感(gan)(gan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)I型(xing)(xing)副(fu)流感(gan)(gan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。可(ke)見(jian)(jian)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)種子(zi)(zi)揮(hui)發(fa)油(you)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)京(jing)科68-1珠病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)感(gan)(gan)染同時(shi)(shi)給藥(yao)能顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，仙臺株病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)感(gan)(gan)染同時(shi)(shi)給藥(yao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)感(gan)(gan)染前(qian)給藥(yao)能顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。可(ke)以看出(chu)(chu)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)種子(zi)(zi)揮(hui)發(fa)油(you)乳劑(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)雞(ji)胚(pei)外(wai)(wai)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)京(jing)科68-1株和(he)(he)(he)(he)仙臺株病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)均(jun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)顯(xian)著(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)所試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩(liang)(liang)種病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)效(xiao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1／65，536。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)斑(ban)點雜(za)交法試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)煎(jian)劑(ji)25%-100%濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)低乙型(xing)(xing)肝炎病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)脫氧(yang)核糖核酸(suan)(suan)(HBVDNA)含(han)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。2.對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)心血(xue)(xue)管(guan)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響 2.1.連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)液(ye)(ye)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)中(zhong)毒(du)(du)(du)性(xing)(xing)(xing)休(xiu)克時(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)貓(mao)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響：實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)貓(mao)3只(zhi)(zhi)，腹(fu)(fu)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)麻醉，頸動脈插管(guan)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)血(xue)(xue)壓，氣管(guan)插管(guan)，連(lian)(lian)(lian)電動人工呼吸機，打(da)開胸腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)及(ji)(ji)心包，暴露(lu)心臟(zang)(zang)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)絲(si)線(xian)(xian)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)心尖聯(lian)(lian)于(yu)微拉力傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)儀，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)三(san)筆記錄儀描(miao)記心臟(zang)(zang)舒(shu)縮曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)(xian)。實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)前(qian)，先描(miao)記一(yi)段心肌(ji)舒(shu)縮波(bo)及(ji)(ji)血(xue)(xue)壓曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)(xian)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正常對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，然(ran)后(hou)靜(jing)脈注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)寒(han)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)苗0.8-2.5ml／kg待出(chu)(chu)現較明顯(xian)損害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心肌(ji)曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)(xian)(心肌(ji)舒(shu)縮波(bo)高低不(bu)(bu)(bu)齊(qi)，節律不(bu)(bu)(bu)整)，血(xue)(xue)壓下(xia)降(jiang)。靜(jing)脈注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)液(ye)(ye)8g／kg后(hou)，心律變(bian)齊(qi)其(qi)中(zhong)2只(zhi)(zhi)貓(mao)心肌(ji)舒(shu)縮波(bo)振幅增大(da)，血(xue)(xue)壓在(zai)(zai)(zai)30分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘后(hou)上(shang)升約40mmHg。提(ti)(ti)示(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)強(qiang)(qiang)心及(ji)(ji)升壓作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。2.2.對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)毛細(xi)血(xue)(xue)管(guan)通透性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響 選(xuan)健(jian)康小(xiao)鼠(shu)(shu)雌(ci)雄不(bu)(bu)(bu)拘，體(ti)(ti)重18-22g，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)組(zu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)組(zu)，實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)組(zu)7只(zhi)(zhi)動物，由尾(wei)靜(jing)脈或(huo)(huo)皮(pi)下(xia)注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)液(ye)(ye)(60g/kg)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)組(zu)9只(zhi)(zhi)動物，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生理鹽(yan)水(shui)代替藥(yao)物(0.4ml／只(zhi)(zhi))。10分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘后(hou)經尾(wei)靜(jing)脈注(zhu)(zhu)入0.5%伊文(wen)氏藍(lan)(lan)液(ye)(ye)0.2ml／只(zhi)(zhi)。30分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘后(hou)，腹(fu)(fu)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)0.4%醋酸(suan)(suan)0.4ml／只(zhi)(zhi)。再30分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘后(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)小(xiao)鼠(shu)(shu)脫血(xue)(xue)處死，打(da)開腹(fu)(fu)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生理鹽(yan)水(shui)沖洗(xi)腹(fu)(fu)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)滲出(chu)(chu)液(ye)(ye)，將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)洗(xi)出(chu)(chu)液(ye)(ye)置(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)5ml刻度(du)(du)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)至刻度(du)(du)，以2000轉／分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離心10分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘，取(qu)上(shang)清(qing)液(ye)(ye)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)其(qi)伊文(wen)氏藍(lan)(lan)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)。結(jie)(jie)(jie)果對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)組(zu)腹(fu)(fu)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)滲出(chu)(chu)液(ye)(ye)伊文(wen)氏藍(lan)(lan)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(μg%)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)368.47±28.55(平(ping)均(jun)值±標準(zhun)差，下(xia)同)，而(er)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)組(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)160.12±28.37(P＜0.01)。表明連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)液(ye)(ye)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)醋酸(suan)(suan)所致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)毛細(xi)血(xue)(xue)管(guan)通透性(xing)(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)明顯(xian)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。3.對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)離體(ti)(ti)小(xiao)腸(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong) 實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)豚(tun)(tun)鼠(shu)(shu)，按Magnur法作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)離體(ti)(ti)腸(chang)(chang)標本。離體(ti)(ti)小(xiao)腸(chang)(chang)置(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)12×l0-2連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)營養液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)，共(gong)做10次試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)果4次表現為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)腸(chang)(chang)張力降(jiang)低，6次先升后(hou)降(jiang)。收(shou)縮振幅8次減弱，2次無變(bian)化。等(deng)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)生理鹽(yan)水(shui)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)離體(ti)(ti)腸(chang)(chang)無影(ying)響。提(ti)(ti)示(shi)(shi)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)豚(tun)(tun)鼠(shu)(shu)離體(ti)(ti)小(xiao)腸(chang)(chang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。4.抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)蛋白(bai)(bai)酶(mei)(mei)活(huo)(huo)(huo)力作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)：連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)等(deng)稀(xi)(xi)釋(shi)(shi)(shi)成每(mei)1ml含(han)1.5g、0.75g及(ji)(ji)0.375g，3種濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)。豬(zhu)胰彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)蛋白(bai)(bai)酶(mei)(mei)(PPE)稀(xi)(xi)釋(shi)(shi)(shi)成19u／0.5mg·ml及(ji)(ji)9.5u／0.25mg·ml兩(liang)(liang)種濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)。將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)19u／0.5mg·ml的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)酶(mei)(mei)液(ye)(ye)與上(shang)述不(bu)(bu)(bu)同濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)物分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別等(deng)量(liang)(liang)混(hun)勻(yun)后(hou)，各取(qu)10μl，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別滴(di)入瓊脂(zhi)板(ban)孔內(nei)(nei)，每(mei)一(yi)皿內(nei)(nei)均(jun)留兩(liang)(liang)孔各滴(di)10μl、9.5u／0.25mg.ml的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)酶(mei)(mei)液(ye)(ye)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)酶(mei)(mei)溶(rong)解平(ping)行(xing)(xing)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，37℃溫育(yu)24小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)后(hou)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)溶(rong)解環直(zhi)徑。(酶(mei)(mei)活(huo)(huo)(huo)力與溶(rong)解環直(zhi)徑成線(xian)(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)關系(xi))。連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)蛋白(bai)(bai)酶(mei)(mei)活(huo)(huo)(huo)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)見(jian)(jian)表5。可(ke)見(jian)(jian)三(san)種濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)均(jun)可(ke)顯(xian)著(zhu)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)0.095u的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)PPE的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)酶(mei)(mei)活(huo)(huo)(huo)力(P＜0.001)，其(qi)中(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)7.5mg濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)時(shi)(shi)完全抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)PPE酶(mei)(mei)活(huo)(huo)(huo)力。連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)水(shui)溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粗提(ti)(ti)物10-3g/ml、10-4g/ml對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)磷酸(suan)(suan)二(er)脂(zhi)酶(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。5.抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)輻射(she)(she)(she)損傷(shang)(shang)(shang)。連(lian)(lian)(lian)翹(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)醇提(ti)(ti)取(qu)物1g/kg腹(fu)(fu)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)注(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)(she)，于(yu)X線(xian)(xian)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)射(she)(she)(she)前(qian)5分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘給藥(yao)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)小(xiao)鼠(shu)(shu)皮(pi)膚損害(hai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)防護作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。
炮制 : 揀凈雜(za)質(zhi)，搓(cuo)開，除去枝梗。
歸經 : 肺(fei)；心(xin)；膽經
性味 : 苦；性微寒
注意 : 1.脾(pi)(pi)胃虛弱，氣虛發(fa)熱，癰疽已(yi)潰(kui)、膿稀色(se)淡者忌服。2.《本草經疏》：癰疽已(yi)潰(kui)勿(wu)服，大熱由(you)于(yu)虛者勿(wu)服，脾(pi)(pi)胃薄(bo)弱易(yi)于(yu)作泄(xie)者勿(wu)服。
功能主治 : 清熱解毒；消腫散結 風熱感冒。主(zhu)風熱感冒；溫(wen)病；熱淋尿(niao)閉；癰疽；腫毒；瘰疬；癭(ying)瘤；喉痹(bi)
用法用量 : 內服：煎湯(tang)，6-15g；或入丸(wan)、散。
各家論述 : 1.《神農本草經(jing)》：主寒熱(re)(re)，鼠痿，瘰疬(li)，癰腫(zhong)惡瘡，癭瘤(liu)，結(jie)熱(re)(re)。2.《名醫(yi)別錄》：去白(bai)蟲。3.《藥性論(lun)》：主通(tong)利五淋，小(xiao)便不通(tong)，除心家客熱(re)(re)。4.《日華子(zi)本草》：通(tong)小(xiao)腸，排(pai)膿。治(zhi)瘡癤，止痛(tong)，通(tong)月經(jing)。5.李杲：散諸經(jing)血結(jie)氣聚；消腫(zhong)。6.王(wang)好古：治(zhi)耳(er)聾渾(hun)渾(hun)。
摘錄 : 《中華本草(cao)》
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