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梅花易數入門:易數說解,用數字代表周易

國學小(xiao)客堂 2023-06-19 18:08:05

梅花易數(shu)入門:易數(shu)說解,用(yong)數(shu)字代(dai)表(biao)周易

(一)先天八卦數

—乾,二兌,三離,四震,五巽,六(liu)坎,七艮,八坤。

(二)后天八卦數

坎一(yi),坤二,震三,巽四,乾六,七兌,八(ba)艮,離九(jiu)。

(三)天干數

—甲,二乙,三丙,四丁,五戊,六己,七庚(geng),八辛,九壬,十癸。

(四)地支數

一(yi)子,二(er)丑,三寅,四卯,五辰,六已(yi),七午,八未(wei),九申,十酉,十一(yi)戌,十二(er)亥。

(五)河圖之數

1.天地之數

河圖(tu)共有(you)10個數,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10。其中1,3,5,7,9為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)陽,2、4、6、8、10為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)陰。陽數相(xiang)(xiang)加為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)25,陰數相(xiang)(xiang)加得(de)30,陰陽相(xiang)(xiang)加共為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)55數。所以(yi)古人(ren)說“天地(di)之數五十有(you)五”,即天地(di)之數為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)55,“以(yi)成(cheng)變化(hua)而行鬼(gui)神也(ye)”,即萬物之數皆(jie)由(you)天地(di)之數化(hua)生(sheng)而已(yi)。

2.萬物生存之數

天(tian)一(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)水,地六成(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi);地二生(sheng)(sheng)火(huo)(huo),天(tian)七成(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi);天(tian)三生(sheng)(sheng)木,地八成(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi);地四生(sheng)(sheng)金(jin),天(tian)九成(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi);天(tian)五生(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu),地十成(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)。所(suo)以(yi)一(yi)為水之(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),二為火(huo)(huo)之(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),三為木之(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),四為金(jin)之(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),五為土(tu)(tu)(tu)之(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu);六為水之(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),七為火(huo)(huo)之(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),八為木之(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),九為金(jin)之(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),十為土(tu)(tu)(tu)之(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。萬物有生(sheng)(sheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),當(dang)生(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)時方能(neng)生(sheng)(sheng);萬物有成(cheng)(cheng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),能(neng)成(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)時方能(neng)成(cheng)(cheng)。所(suo)以(yi),萬物生(sheng)(sheng)存皆有其數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)也。

3.五行之數

五(wu)(wu)(wu)行之數(shu)即五(wu)(wu)(wu)行之生數(shu),就是水一,火二(er)、太三(san)、金四、土五(wu)(wu)(wu),也叫小衍之數(shu)。一、三(san)、五(wu)(wu)(wu)為(wei)陽(yang)數(shu),其(qi)和(he)為(wei)九,故(gu)九為(wei)陽(yang)極之數(shu)。二(er)、四為(wei)陰(yin)數(shu),其(qi)和(he)為(wei)六(liu)(liu),故(gu)六(liu)(liu)為(wei)陰(yin)之極數(shu)。陰(yin)陽(yang)之數(shu)合而為(wei)十(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)數(shu),故(gu)化為(wei)洛(luo)書則縱橫皆(jie)十(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)數(shu),乃陰(yin)陽(yang)五(wu)(wu)(wu)行之數(shu)也。

4.大衍之數

大(da)衍(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)五十(shi)(shi)(shi)即五行乘土之(zhi)(zhi)成數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)十(shi)(shi)(shi);同時也是(shi)天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的用(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)五十(shi)(shi)(shi)五,減去小衍(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)五,得大(da)衍(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)五十(shi)(shi)(shi)。其中小衍(yan)為天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)體數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),大(da)衍(yan)為天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。所謂(wei)“大(da)衍(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)五十(shi)(shi)(shi),其用(yong)四十(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)”,就是(shi)用(yong)大(da)衍(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)預測的占筮之(zhi)(zhi)法,以一為體,四十(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)為用(yong),故其用(yong)四十(shi)(shi)(shi)又九(jiu)。

5.天干交合之數

河圖(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)十(shi)(shi)(shi),乃十(shi)(shi)(shi)天干之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)也。交(jiao)合之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei):一、六共宗,二、七同道(dao),三(san)、八為(wei)(wei)朋,四(si)、九(jiu)(jiu)為(wei)(wei)友,五(wu)(wu)、十(shi)(shi)(shi)同德(de)。正(zheng)是(shi)萬物生(sheng)存之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)。所以甲己合為(wei)(wei)一、六共宗,乙庚合為(wei)(wei)二、七同道(dao),丙(bing)辛合為(wei)(wei)三(san)、八為(wei)(wei)朋,丁壬合為(wei)(wei)四(si)、九(jiu)(jiu)為(wei)(wei)友,戊(wu)癸合為(wei)(wei)五(wu)(wu)、十(shi)(shi)(shi)同德(de)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)天干經(jing)交(jiao)合之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,化為(wei)(wei)天干交(jiao)合之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)(wu)行(xing)(xing),將河圖(tu)五(wu)(wu)行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體化為(wei)(wei)天干五(wu)(wu)行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)。

6.六甲納音之數

天(tian)(tian)地之(zhi)數(shu)(shu)五(wu)(wu)十(shi)五(wu)(wu),加上五(wu)(wu)行(xing)之(zhi)數(shu)(shu)五(wu)(wu),合化為六十(shi)甲子五(wu)(wu)行(xing)納(na)音(yin)(yin)之(zhi)數(shu)(shu)。十(shi)天(tian)(tian)干之(zhi)陰陽五(wu)(wu)行(xing)與萬物(wu)相交,同氣相求,同聲(sheng)相應(ying),各發出十(shi)二種聲(sheng)音(yin)(yin),無聲(sheng)無音(yin)(yin)不計,按(an)河(he)圖北、東、南、西、中成(cheng)象五(wu)(wu)位五(wu)(wu)行(xing)共六十(shi)納(na)音(yin)(yin),乃天(tian)(tian)地五(wu)(wu)行(xing)聲(sheng)音(yin)(yin)之(zhi)數(shu)(shu)也。

(六)洛書九宮數

以一(yi)(yi)、三、七、九(jiu)為(wei)奇數,亦稱陽(yang)數,二、四、六、八為(wei)偶數,亦稱陰(yin)(yin)數。陽(yang)數為(wei)主,位(wei)居(ju)四正,代表(biao)天氣(qi);陰(yin)(yin)數為(wei)輔,位(wei)居(ju)四隅,代表(biao)地氣(qi);五(wu)(wu)居(ju)中(zhong)(zhong),屬土(tu)氣(qi),為(wei)五(wu)(wu)行生數之(zhi)(zhi)祖,位(wei)居(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)宮(gong),寄旺四隅。由此可得(de)出三點:一(yi)(yi),洛書九(jiu)宮(gong)是觀(guan)測(ce)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)車,即北斗(dou)斗(dou)柄從(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)央臨御四正四隅而形(xing)成的。二,提出了洛書九(jiu)宮(gong)與八卦的陰(yin)(yin)陽(yang)變化存在的密切關系(xi)。三,闡明(ming)了“太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)游宮(gong)”引起的四時八節(jie)及二十四節(jie)氣(qi)的節(jie)令轉移和氣(qi)象變化。

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