八字全缺：形全者宜損其有余，形缺者宜補其不足。
【原(yuan)注】如(ru)甲木(mu)生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)寅(yin)、卯、辰月，丙(bing)火生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)已、午未月，皆為形全；戊土生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)寅(yin)、卯、辰月，庚(geng)金生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)巳(si)、午、未月，缺。余(yu)仿此。
【任(ren)氏曰(yue)】形全宜損，形缺宜補(bu)之(zhi)說，即(ji)子(zi)平“旺(wang)則宜泄宜傷(shang)，衰(shuai)則喜幫喜助”之(zhi)謂也。命書萬卷，總(zong)不外此二句，讀之(zhi)直捷(jie)痛快，顯然明白，故人人得而(er)知之(zhi)。究之(zhi)深(shen)奧(ao)異常，其中作用(yong)實(shi)有至理，庸俗只(zhi)知旺(wang)用(yong)泄傷(shang)，衰(shuai)用(yong)幫助，以(yi)致吉兇顛倒(dao)，宜忌淆(xiao)亂(luan)也。以(yi)余(yu)論之(zhi)，須將四字(zi)分用(yong)為是，通變在一“宜字(zi)”。
宜(yi)(yi)泄(xie)則泄(xie)之(zhi)為妙，宜(yi)(yi)傷(shang)則傷(shang)之(zhi)有(you)功。泄(xie)者食傷(shang)也(ye)，傷(shang)者官(guan)殺(sha)也(ye)。均是旺也(ye)，或泄(xie)之(zhi)有(you)害(hai)，而(er)傷(shang)之(zhi)有(you)利；或泄(xie)之(zhi)有(you)利，而(er)傷(shang)之(zhi)有(you)害(hai)，所以泄(xie)傷(shang)兩字，宜(yi)(yi)分而(er)用(yong)之(zhi)也(ye)。
宜幫(bang)(bang)則(ze)(ze)(ze)幫(bang)(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)切，宜助(zhu)(zhu)則(ze)(ze)(ze)助(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)佳。幫(bang)(bang)者比(bi)劫也(ye)(ye)，助(zhu)(zhu)者印綬也(ye)(ye)。均是衰(shuai)也(ye)(ye)，幫(bang)(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)兇，而(er)助(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)吉(ji)；或幫(bang)(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)吉(ji)，而(er)助(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)兇，所以(yi)幫(bang)(bang)助(zhu)(zhu)兩字(zi)，亦宜分而(er)用之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。
如日(ri)主旺相，柱中(zhong)財官無(wu)氣，泄之則官星(xing)有損(sun)，秎(fen)則去比劫之有余，補官星(xing)之不足，所謂傷之有利，而泄之有害也。
日(ri)主旺相，柱中財官不見，滿局比劫，傷之(zhi)(zhi)則激而(er)有(you)害，不若泄(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)順其氣勢，所謂“傷之(zhi)(zhi)有(you)害，而(er)泄(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)有(you)利”也
日(ri)主衰(shuai)弱，柱中財星(xing)重疊，印(yin)綬助之反壞，幫則(ze)去(qu)財星(xing)之有余，補日(ri)主之不(bu)足，所以幫之則(ze)吉(ji)，而(er)助之則(ze)兇也。
日主衰(shuai)弱，柱中官殺交(jiao)加(jia)，滿(man)盤(pan)殺勢，幫之(zhi)恐反克無情(qing)，不若助之(zhi)以(yi)化(hua)其強暴(bao)，所以(yi)幫之(zhi)則兇，而助之(zhi)則吉也。
此補(bu)前人所(suo)未發之(zhi)(zhi)言也。至于木(mu)生(sheng)這卯辰月(yue)，火生(sheng)巳午未月(yue)為形全，亦偏論(lun)也。如木(mu)生(sheng)寅卯辰月(yue)，干(gan)露庚(geng)辛，支(zhi)藏(zang)申酉，莫(mo)非(fei)乃作全形而(er)損之(zhi)(zhi)乎(hu)？火生(sheng)巳午未月(yue)，干(gan)透壬癸，支(zhi)藏(zang)亥子(zi)，莫(mo)非(fei)仍作全形而(er)損之(zhi)(zhi)乎(hu)？土生(sheng)于寅卯辰月(yue)為形缺(que)，干(gan)丙(bing)丁而(er)支(zhi)己午莫(mo)非(fei)有作缺(que)形而(er)補(bu)之(zhi)(zhi)乎(hu)？凡此須(xu)究其旺中變弱(ruo)、弱(ruo)中變旺之(zhi)(zhi)理，不可執一(yi)而(er)論(lun)。是(shi)以實似(si)所(suo)當(dang)損者(zhe)，而(er)損之(zhi)(zhi)反有害，實似(si)所(suo)當(dang)補(bu)者(zhe)，而(er)補(bu)之(zhi)(zhi)反無功，須(xu)說察(cha)焉。
【白話提要】
此節原文“形(xing)全者(zhe)宜(yi)損其有余(yu)，形(xing)缺者(zhe)宜(yi)補其不(bu)足”說明(ming)的就是命局里面(mian)“形(xing)”的全與缺兩種(zhong)情況。
“形全”就是說命局中天干地支的五行乘旺強盛。原注中通過舉例來解釋“形全”，“如甲木生于寅、卯、辰月，丙火生于巳、午、未月，皆為形全”。翻譯過來，也就是說甲木生于孟春寅月、仲春卯月、季春辰月，這三個月都屬于東方木地，甲木得令、得地，這種情況就是“形全”。“缺”和“全”是相對的，所以“形缺”可以解釋成命局中天干地支的五行衰弱處于休囚。原注中也通過舉例來解釋“形缺”，“戊土生于寅、卯、辰月，庚金生于已、午、未月，缺”。翻譯原注的例子，也就是戊土生于孟春寅月、仲春卯月、季春辰月，這三個月都屬于東方木地，木克土，戊土氣勢衰弱，處干休囚的狀態，還有庚金生于孟夏已月、仲夏午月、季夏未月，這三個月都屬于南方火地，火克金，庚金氣勢衰弱，處于休囚的狀態，這兩種情況都是“形缺”。按照命理學中庸平和的基本原則來看，“形全”的情況下，五行的氣勢過于旺盛，這就需要對旺盛的五行加以削弱，即“損有余”I而在“形缺”的情況下，五行的氣勢過于衰絕，這就需要對衰弱的五行加以扶持，即“補不足”。通過“損有余”和“補不足”來讓命局中的五行趨于平衡，最后達到命局中五行之氣中和平衡，能夠互相發揮作用的效果。而對“形全”和“形缺”的中庸平和的原則的應用，正切合老子在《道德經》里的一句話，“天之道，損有(you)余(yu)而補不足”。
徐樂吾的理解
關于(yu)此(ci)節“形(xing)全”和“形(xing)缺(que)”的(de)理(li)解，徐樂吾有(you)(you)自(zi)己的(de)看法(fa)(fa)，在(zai)《滴天(tian)髓補注(zhu)》中有(you)(you)“其(qi)所謂(wei)形(xing)全形(xing)缺(que)，自(zi)亦(yi)承(cheng)上(shang)文形(xing)象(xiang)而言，非泛論‘強者宜(yi)(yi)抑，弱者宜(yi)(yi)扶’也(ye)。形(xing)全者氣(qi)勢(shi)太旺(wang)，宜(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)以(yi)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)，用(yong)食(shi)傷以(yi)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)其(qi)氣(qi)，所謂(wei)損(sun)之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)美也(ye)。形(xing)缺(que)者如上(shang)文克我之(zhi)(zhi)局(ju)(ju)，宜(yi)(yi)用(yong)印泄(xie)(xie)(xie)官殺(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)余，補日元之(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)足(zu)，是補之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)美也(ye)。更有(you)(you)四(si)柱已成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)象(xiang)，而有(you)(you)一(yi)二乖悖之(zhi)(zhi)神，為(wei)(wei)原局(ju)(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)缺(que)點(dian)，行運去其(qi)病(bing)神，補其(qi)不(bu)足(zu)，以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)格之(zhi)(zhi)全，亦(yi)補之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)美也(ye)”。徐樂吾認為(wei)(wei)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)是損(sun)的(de)主要(yao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)，助是補的(de)主要(yao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)。
任鐵樵的理解
任鐵樵同樣將(jiang)理(li)解的(de)重點放到(dao)“形全(quan)”的(de)“損有余(yu)”和(he)“形缺”的(de)“補(bu)不足”上，但(dan)是他將(jiang)“損有余(yu)”和(he)“補(bu)不足”引申到(dao)整(zheng)個(ge)命(ming)理(li)學的(de)理(li)論中(zhong)，并且提(ti)出“形全(quan)宜損，形缺宜補(bu)之說，即子(zi)平‘旺則(ze)宜泄宜傷，衰則(ze)喜(xi)幫(bang)喜(xi)助(zhu)’之謂也。命(ming)書萬(wan)卷，總不外此二句”，讓(rang)損補(bu)應(ying)用(yong)的(de)范圍擴大(da)。
任鐵樵也(ye)(ye)總(zong)結了(le)(le)(le)命局中對(dui)五行(xing)(xing)進行(xing)(xing)“損”和(he)“補(bu)”的(de)幾種(zhong)方法，除了(le)(le)(le)泄(xie)(xie)和(he)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，還提出了(le)(le)(le)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)和(he)幫(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)，并且對(dui)這(zhe)四種(zhong)方法進行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)詳細的(de)論述，“宜(yi)泄(xie)(xie)則(ze)泄(xie)(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)妙，宜(yi)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)則(ze)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)功(gong)。泄(xie)(xie)者食傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)也(ye)(ye)，傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)者官(guan)殺(sha)也(ye)(ye)。均是旺也(ye)(ye)，或(huo)泄(xie)(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)害，而(er)(er)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)；或(huo)泄(xie)(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)，而(er)(er)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)害，所(suo)以(yi)泄(xie)(xie)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)兩字(zi)，宜(yi)分而(er)(er)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。宜(yi)幫(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)則(ze)幫(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)切，宜(yi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)則(ze)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)佳。幫(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)者比劫也(ye)(ye)，助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者印綬也(ye)(ye)。均是衰也(ye)(ye)，幫(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)兇，而(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)吉(ji)(ji)，或(huo)幫(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)吉(ji)(ji)，而(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)兇，所(suo)以(yi)幫(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)兩字(zi)，亦宜(yi)分而(er)(er)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。”論述之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后又對(dui)這(zhe)種(zhong)應用后產(chan)生的(de)吉(ji)(ji)兇禍(huo)福的(de)后果進行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)詳細的(de)分析，“如(ru)日(ri)(ri)主(zhu)旺相，柱(zhu)中財(cai)官(guan)無(wu)氣，泄(xie)(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)官(guan)星有(you)(you)(you)損，傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)則(ze)去比劫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)余(yu)，補(bu)官(guan)星之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不足(zu)，所(suo)謂傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)，而(er)(er)泄(xie)(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)害也(ye)(ye)。日(ri)(ri)主(zhu)旺相,柱(zhu)中財(cai)官(guan)不見，滿局比劫，傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)激而(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)害，不若泄(xie)(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)順其(qi)氣勢，所(suo)謂‘傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)害，而(er)(er)泄(xie)(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)’也(ye)(ye)。日(ri)(ri)主(zhu)衰弱，柱(zhu)中財(cai)星重疊，印綬助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)反壞，幫(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)則(ze)去財(cai)星之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)余(yu)，補(bu)日(ri)(ri)主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不足(zu)，所(suo)以(yi)幫(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)吉(ji)(ji)，而(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)兇也(ye)(ye)。日(ri)(ri)主(zhu)衰弱，柱(zhu)中官(guan)殺(sha)交加，滿盤殺(sha)勢，幫(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恐反克無(wu)情，不若助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)化其(qi)強(qiang)暴，所(suo)以(yi)幫(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)兇，而(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)吉(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)。”
泄與傷
我(wo)們知道“損”的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)和(he)傷，在(zai)命(ming)(ming)局中(zhong)出現(xian)“形(xing)全(quan)(quan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，究竟如(ru)何合(he)理(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)和(he)傷這兩種方法(fa)(fa)(fa)，推命(ming)(ming)者需要仔(zi)細地(di)揣(chuai)摩其中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)微妙之(zhi)處。通過(guo)任鐵樵的(de)(de)(de)(de)分析，我(wo)們可以(yi)知道泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)和(he)傷的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)及應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)。比(bi)如(ru)命(ming)(ming)局中(zhong)出現(xian)“形(xing)全(quan)(quan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，日(ri)(ri)主甲木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)處于(yu)旺(wang)(wang)相，如(ru)果(guo)命(ming)(ming)局中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)星(xing)(xing)戊土(tu)、官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)星(xing)(xing)庚金(jin)(jin)沒(mei)有(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)，如(ru)果(guo)這時候采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)，就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)食(shi)(shi)神丙(bing)(bing)火(huo)、傷官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)丁火(huo)來(lai)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)弱日(ri)(ri)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)旺(wang)(wang)盛氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)，因(yin)為火(huo)克(ke)金(jin)(jin)，傷官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)丁火(huo)、食(shi)(shi)神丙(bing)(bing)火(huo)克(ke)制(zhi)住官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)星(xing)(xing)庚金(jin)(jin)，會(hui)讓官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)星(xing)(xing)受(shou)損，這樣就(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)大好，但是(shi)(shi)如(ru)果(guo)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)傷的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)，就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殺(sha)金(jin)(jin)，金(jin)(jin)克(ke)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，來(lai)克(ke)制(zhi)日(ri)(ri)干(gan)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)肩(jian)甲木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)及劫(jie)(jie)財(cai)(cai)乙(yi)(yi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)旺(wang)(wang)盛的(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)勢(shi)，并且庚金(jin)(jin)還(huan)能夠輔助官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)星(xing)(xing)，增強(qiang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)星(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)，做到損比(bi)劫(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)余(yu)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)，補官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)星(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)，泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)和(he)傷進行比(bi)較，這種情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)自(zi)(zi)然是(shi)(shi)適(shi)合(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)傷，不(bu)(bu)(bu)適(shi)合(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)。再比(bi)如(ru)任鐵樵說到的(de)(de)(de)(de)那(nei)種適(shi)合(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)適(shi)合(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)傷的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)，即命(ming)(ming)局中(zhong)出現(xian)形(xing)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，日(ri)(ri)主甲木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)處于(yu)旺(wang)(wang)相，如(ru)果(guo)命(ming)(ming)局中(zhong)沒(mei)有(you)(you)出現(xian)財(cai)(cai)星(xing)(xing)戊土(tu)和(he)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)星(xing)(xing)庚金(jin)(jin)，四(si)柱(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天干(gan)除了(le)(le)日(ri)(ri)主甲木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，全(quan)(quan)是(shi)(shi)比(bi)肩(jian)甲木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)和(he)劫(jie)(jie)財(cai)(cai)乙(yi)(yi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，如(ru)果(guo)這時候采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)傷的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)，就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殺(sha)金(jin)(jin)，金(jin)(jin)克(ke)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，來(lai)克(ke)制(zhi)日(ri)(ri)干(gan)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)肩(jian)甲木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)及劫(jie)(jie)財(cai)(cai)乙(yi)(yi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)旺(wang)(wang)盛的(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)勢(shi)，由于(yu)命(ming)(ming)局中(zhong)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)勢(shi)過(guo)于(yu)強(qiang)盛，金(jin)(jin)克(ke)制(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)住旺(wang)(wang)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，還(huan)會(hui)被反(fan)克(ke)，所以(yi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)反(fan)而(er)更(geng)加高漲(zhang)，可見傷在(zai)這里應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)但沒(mei)有(you)(you)“損有(you)(you)余(yu)”還(huan)加重了(le)(le)“有(you)(you)余(yu)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)程度》而(er)如(ru)果(guo)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)，就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)食(shi)(shi)神丙(bing)(bing)火(huo)傷官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)丁火(huo)來(lai)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)弱日(ri)(ri)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)旺(wang)(wang)盛氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)，反(fan)而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)引(yin)起(qi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)彈，從而(er)真正做到損比(bi)劫(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)余(yu)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)，泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)和(he)傷進行比(bi)較，這種情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)自(zi)(zi)然是(shi)(shi)適(shi)合(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)適(shi)合(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)傷。
?幫和助
同理，我(wo)們也(ye)知道“補”的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)幫(bang)(bang)和(he)助(zhu)(zhu)，在(zai)命(ming)局中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)“形缺”的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)，如(ru)何合(he)(he)(he)理應用(yong)(yong)(yong)幫(bang)(bang)和(he)助(zhu)(zhu)這兩種方(fang)法(fa)(fa)，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)值得探討的(de)(de)(de)話(hua)題。通(tong)過注(zhu)疏(shu)中(zhong)任鐵(tie)樵的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析，我(wo)們已經(jing)知道幫(bang)(bang)和(he)助(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)(fa)及應用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)。比(bi)如(ru)命(ming)局中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)形缺的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)，日(ri)(ri)主甲(jia)(jia)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)處(chu)于衰弱(ruo)，命(ming)局中(zhong)天(tian)干上還存(cun)在(zai)多個財(cai)星(xing)戊(wu)土(tu)(tu)，如(ru)果這時候(hou)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)助(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)印綬(shou)壬水(shui)癸水(shui)，水(shui)生木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，來生助(zhu)(zhu)扶(fu)持日(ri)(ri)主甲(jia)(jia)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)為土(tu)(tu)克水(shui)，旺土(tu)(tu)克制(zhi)住壬水(shui)癸水(shui)，印綬(shou)發揮不(bu)(bu)了生助(zhu)(zhu)扶(fu)持的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)如(ru)果采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)幫(bang)(bang)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)肩甲(jia)(jia)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)劫財(cai)乙木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)輔助(zhu)(zhu)日(ri)(ri)主甲(jia)(jia)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，讓(rang)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)旺盛，同時木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)克土(tu)(tu)，旺木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)克制(zhi)財(cai)星(xing)戊(wu)土(tu)(tu)，抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)戊(wu)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，官(guan)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)金(jin)，這樣就(jiu)能(neng)做(zuo)到損財(cai)星(xing)的(de)(de)(de)有余氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，補日(ri)(ri)主的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)足氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，幫(bang)(bang)和(he)助(zhu)(zhu)進行比(bi)較，這種情(qing)(qing)況自(zi)然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)適合(he)(he)(he)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)幫(bang)(bang)，不(bu)(bu)適合(he)(he)(he)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)助(zhu)(zhu)。再比(bi)如(ru)任鐵(tie)樵說到的(de)(de)(de)那種適合(he)(he)(he)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)助(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)(bu)適合(he)(he)(he)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)傷幫(bang)(bang)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況，即命(ming)局中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)形缺的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)，日(ri)(ri)主甲(jia)(jia)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)處(chu)于衰弱(ruo)，如(ru)果命(ming)局中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)多個偏官(guan)七殺(sha)(sha)(sha)庚(geng)金(jin)，金(jin)克木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，日(ri)(ri)主甲(jia)(jia)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)受到官(guan)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)庚(geng)金(jin)的(de)(de)(de)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)衰竭(jie)，如(ru)果這時候(hou)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)幫(bang)(bang)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)肩甲(jia)(jia)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)和(he)劫財(cai)乙木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，增強木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)金(jin)克木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，官(guan)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)依然(ran)克制(zhi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，而且因(yin)為木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)增強，官(guan)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)有所增加，可見(jian)幫(bang)(bang)在(zai)這里應用(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)但沒有讓(rang)官(guan)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)受到抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)，反(fan)加重了金(jin)的(de)(de)(de)肅殺(sha)(sha)(sha)之氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；而如(ru)果采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)助(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)印綬(shou)壬水(shui)癸水(shui)，水(shui)生木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，印綬(shou)生助(zhu)(zhu)扶(fu)持日(ri)(ri)主甲(jia)(jia)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，并且金(jin)生水(shui)，印綬(shou)還能(neng)夠泄弱(ruo)官(guan)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)金(jin)的(de)(de)(de)肅殺(sha)(sha)(sha)之氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，讓(rang)官(guan)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變弱(ruo)，化(hua)解官(guan)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)對日(ri)(ri)主的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)好的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，真正(zheng)做(zuo)到損官(guan)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)的(de)(de)(de)有余氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，幫(bang)(bang)和(he)助(zhu)(zhu)進行比(bi)較，這種情(qing)(qing)況自(zi)然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)適合(he)(he)(he)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)助(zhu)(zhu)，不(bu)(bu)適合(he)(he)(he)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)幫(bang)(bang)。
八(ba)字：丁丑、庚戌、庚子(zi)、甲申
大運(yun)：己酉、戊申、丁未、丙午、乙巳、甲辰
此(ci)秋金堅(jian)銳，官星虛脫(tuo)，不能相制，財(cai)星臨絕，何暇(xia)生官！初運土金，晦(hui)火生金，形(xing)傷破髦(mao)，無所(suo)不見(jian)；丁未丙午助起官星，家業鼎新；乙巳晚景(jing)優(you)游(you)，所(suo)謂(wei)傷之(zhi)有功也。
【白話提要】
這個生(sheng)辰(chen)干支日主庚(geng)金(jin)(jin)，生(sheng)于戌月，秋(qiu)金(jin)(jin)堅銳，官星丁火(huo)(huo)(huo)虛脫，即(ji)使(shi)火(huo)(huo)(huo)克(ke)金(jin)(jin),丁火(huo)(huo)(huo)不能(neng)(neng)克(ke)制住庚(geng)金(jin)(jin)，財星甲(jia)木(mu)臨絕，即(ji)使(shi)木(mu)生(sheng)火(huo)(huo)(huo)，也沒有力量去生(sheng)火(huo)(huo)(huo)。初運(yun)己(ji)酉、戊申，己(ji)土戊土申金(jin)(jin)酉金(jin)(jin)，晦火(huo)(huo)(huo)生(sheng)金(jin)(jin)，此人(ren)形(xing)傷破(po)耗(hao)，無所不見；行丁未丙(bing)午運(yun)，運(yun)中丙(bing)火(huo)(huo)(huo)丁火(huo)(huo)(huo)午火(huo)(huo)(huo)助起官星丁火(huo)(huo)(huo)，此人(ren)就能(neng)(neng)鼎新家業，行乙(yi)巳運(yun)，乙(yi)木(mu)巳火(huo)(huo)(huo)，火(huo)(huo)(huo)克(ke)金(jin)(jin)，此人(ren)晚景優游，這就是(shi)傷在這里的合適的應用。
八字(zi)：戊申(shen)、壬戌、庚(geng)申(shen)、乙酉(you)
大運：癸亥(hai)、甲子、乙丑、丙寅、丁(ding)卯、戊辰
此(ci)造乙從庚化(hua)，官星不(bu)見(jian)，支類(lei)西方，又坐祿(lu)旺，權在一人(ren)。從其強勢，雖有(you)壬，戊(wu)土緊克，不(bu)能引通泄其殺氣。初交癸亥財(cai)喜如(ru)心一交丙寅、觸其旺神，一敗(bai)如(ru)灰，衣食難度，自縊(yi)而死。所謂泄之有(you)益，傷之有(you)害也。
【白話提要】
這個(ge)生辰干(gan)支里(li)面金(jin)(jin)克木(mu)，乙木(mu)的力(li)量被庚(geng)金(jin)(jin)化解(jie)，命局(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)沒有(you)(you)官星(xing)出現，地支中(zhong)(zhong)申酉(you)戌三(san)會西(xi)方金(jin)(jin)，支類西(xi)方，日干(gan)庚(geng)金(jin)(jin)日支祿旺(wang)，此人掌權。從庚(geng)金(jin)(jin)的強(qiang)大氣(qi)勢，即(ji)使命局(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)壬(ren)水(shui)(shui)，因為還出現戊土，土克水(shui)(shui)，所以即(ji)使金(jin)(jin)生水(shui)(shui)，壬(ren)水(shui)(shui)也不能引通(tong)泄金(jin)(jin)的肅殺之氣(qi)。初交癸亥(hai)，癸水(shui)(shui)亥(hai)水(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)生木(mu)，財(cai)星(xing)木(mu)氣(qi)增強(qiang)，財(cai)運(yun)事業一(yi)帆風(feng)順。
一(yi)交丙寅，丙火寅木，火克金，觸犯旺(wang)神，此人就(jiu)會一(yi)敗如灰，衣(yi)食無靠(kao)，最后自溢而死。這就(jiu)是泄在這里的合適的應用。
八(ba)字：庚申(shen)、辛(xin)巳(si)、丙辰、乙未
大運：壬午、癸未、甲申、乙酉、丙戌、丁亥
此(ci)造以俗(su)論之(zhi)，丙(bing)火(huo)生于巳月(yue)，建祿必要用財，無(wu)如庚辛(xin)重(zhong)疊根(gen)深，獨印受傷，弱可知矣。運至甲(jia)申(shen)乙酉，金(jin)得地(di)，木無(wu)根(gen)，破耗(hao)異常；丙(bing)戌丁運，重(zhong)振(zhen)家聲。此(ci)財多身弱，所謂幫之(zhi)則有功也。
【白話提要】
這個(ge)生辰(chen)干支按照一般的看(kan)法，日(ri)主丙(bing)(bing)火(huo)，生于巳月，建(jian)祿(lu)必要(yao)以財星庚金(jin)(jin)辛金(jin)(jin)為用(yong)神(shen)，不像庚金(jin)(jin)辛金(jin)(jin)在(zai)地支上有(you)(you)申(shen)金(jin)(jin)輔助未土(tu)辰(chen)土(tu)生助扶持，說的上是有(you)(you)根并且根固(gu)，只有(you)(you)印綬(shou)乙木受到(dao)損傷，旺金(jin)(jin)克木，木氣變弱。運至甲申(shen)乙酉，甲木乙木申(shen)金(jin)(jin)酉金(jin)(jin)，金(jin)(jin)得地，木無根，此人破耗異常;行丙(bing)(bing)戍(shu)丁運，丙(bing)(bing)火(huo)丁火(huo)，此人能(neng)夠重振家聲。這種財多身(shen)弱的情況，正是幫(bang)最適合應用(yong)的情況。
八字：壬子、癸丑(chou)、丙午、壬辰(chen)
大運：甲(jia)寅、乙卯、丙辰、丁巳、戊午、己未(wei)
此(ci)造滿(man)局官星(xing)，日(ri)主(zhu)孤弱，雖(sui)食(shi)傷未見，但丑(chou)辰皆濕土，能蓄(xu)水(shui)，不(bu)能止水(shui)。初交甲寅乙卯，化(hua)殺(sha)生(sheng)身(shen)，早游泮水(shui)，財炡(zheng)有余(yu)：后交丙辰，不(bu)但不(bu)能幫身(shen)，反(fan)(fan)受官殺(sha)回克(ke)，刑妻克(ke)子，家業耗散；申年暗拱殺(sha)局而亡。所謂助之(zhi)則吉，幫之(zhi)反(fan)(fan)害也。
【白話提要】
這(zhe)個(ge)生(sheng)辰(chen)干支滿局(ju)官(guan)星壬水(shui)癸水(shui)，水(shui)克(ke)火(huo)，日(ri)主(zhu)(zhu)丙(bing)火(huo)氣勢單(dan)薄虛弱(ruo)，土(tu)(tu)克(ke)水(shui)，雖然(ran)命局(ju)中沒有出(chu)現食神戊土(tu)(tu)傷官(guan)己土(tu)(tu)，但(dan)是地支上出(chu)現的丑土(tu)(tu)辰(chen)土(tu)(tu)都屬(shu)于(yu)濕土(tu)(tu)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)蓄(xu)水(shui)，不能(neng)(neng)(neng)止水(shui)。初交甲(jia)寅乙卯，甲(jia)木(mu)乙木(mu)寅木(mu)卯木(mu)，水(shui)生(sheng)木(mu)，木(mu)生(sheng)火(huo)，旺木(mu)泄旺水(shui)，就是化殺，旺木(mu)生(sheng)助(zhu)扶持(chi)日(ri)主(zhu)(zhu)，就是生(sheng)身，此人(ren)(ren)很早就開始(shi)讀書(shu)，不為錢財(cai)發愁(chou):后交丙(bing)辰(chen)運，丙(bing)火(huo)辰(chen)土(tu)(tu)，不但(dan)不能(neng)(neng)(neng)幫助(zhu)日(ri)主(zhu)(zhu)丙(bing)火(huo)，水(shui)克(ke)火(huo)，土(tu)(tu)克(ke)水(shui)，辰(chen)土(tu)(tu)不能(neng)(neng)(neng)止水(shui),反受壬水(shui)癸水(shui)回克(ke)，代(dai)表此人(ren)(ren)刑妻(qi)克(ke)子，家業(ye)耗散；申年申金暗拱殺局(ju)，此人(ren)(ren)去(qu)世(shi)。這(zhe)就是助(zhu)在這(zhe)里合適(shi)的應用。
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