慢(man)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)支(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)炎是(shi)一種病(bing)因尚未完全明了(le)的氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)--支(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)粘(zhan)膜(mo)的炎性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)慢(man)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)疾病(bing)，簡稱支(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)炎。起(qi)病(bing)多緩慢(man)，病(bing)情(qing)輕重不一。咳(ke)(ke)嗽、咳(ke)(ke)痰是(shi)主(zhu)要的癥(zheng)狀，終(zhong)年不斷是(shi)本(ben)病(bing)的特(te)點。初(chu)起(qi)大(da)多病(bing)輕，咳(ke)(ke)嗽，咳(ke)(ke)痰，痰白(bai)(bai)粘(zhan)泡沫樣，不易咯出，繼發感染(ran)時(shi)則高(gao)熱，寒戰(zhan)，咳(ke)(ke)嗽加劇，痰量增(zeng)多，白(bai)(bai)粘(zhan)或黃膿(nong)樣，有部分過敏體(ti)質的病(bing)人在慢(man)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)支(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)炎癥(zheng)情(qing) 加重 時(shi)，可出現喘息、哮鳴音，甚至不能平臥。少(shao)數嚴(yan)重的病(bing)人至后(hou)期常(chang)并發為阻塞性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)肺氣(qi)(qi)腫，支(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)擴張，肺原性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)心臟(zang)病(bing)。
現代(dai)醫學對本病病因至今尚未明了，膽據近年研究表(biao)明，可能與(yu)大(da)氣中的(de)化學毒(du)物，刺激(ji)性煙(yan)霧，塵埃的(de)污(wu)染，吸煙(yan)，細菌、病毒(du)的(de)感染，過(guo)敏(min)體質(zhi)，其它如氣候(hou)寒冷(leng)，維生素(su)C、A的(de)缺乏或遺傳因素(su)等有關。
本病的(de)診斷主要依(yi)據是咳嗽、咳痰，病程(cheng)每(mei)年(nian)至少持(chi)續(xu)3個(ge)月，需連續(xu)2年(nian)以上者(zhe)。體證檢查(cha)(cha)可聞及干性(xing)或(huo)濕性(xing)羅音，喘息型(xing)(xing)的(de)則有哮鳴音，嚴重型(xing)(xing)的(de)可見(jian)(jian)桶(tong)狀(zhuang)胸。X線檢查(cha)(cha)可見(jian)(jian)肺(fei)(fei)(fei)紋理增(zeng)深，或(huo)呈網(wang)、條狀(zhuang)，肺(fei)(fei)(fei)氣腫時兩肺(fei)(fei)(fei)透亮度增(zeng)加(jia)，兩隔低位。碘油造(zao)影發現變形的(de)支(zhi)氣管有的(de)擴張，或(huo)狹窄，或(huo)支(zhi)氣管壁小憩室(shi)的(de)形成。電鏡檢查(cha)(cha)可見(jian)(jian)I、II型(xing)(xing)肺(fei)(fei)(fei)泡上皮細胞腫脹(zhang)、增(zeng)生，毛細血管基(ji)底膜(mo)變厚(hou)，或(huo)纖維樣(yang)彌漫(man)性(xing)增(zeng)生的(de)肺(fei)(fei)(fei)泡壁。
現代(dai)醫學對(dui)本(ben)病的(de)治療(liao)，在急性期(qi)(qi)主要采用(yong)(yong)抗(kang)菌(jun)、祛痰、鎮咳，支氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)擴張劑等治療(liao)方法。緩解期(qi)(qi)采用(yong)(yong)疫(yi)苗注射療(liao)法。慢性支氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)炎在中醫臨床(chuang)中屬“咳嗽(sou)”、“痰飲”范疇。祖(zu)國醫學認為(wei)，肺(fei)(fei)(fei)主氣(qi)(qi)(qi)，司呼(hu)吸，外合皮毛，若邪客(ke)于肺(fei)(fei)(fei)部，導致肺(fei)(fei)(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)郁閉，發(fa)而為(wei)咳。脾(pi)有運(yun)化水谷、吸收營養和升清降(jiang)濁的(de)功能(neng)，今脾(pi)不健運(yun)，肺(fei)(fei)(fei)失滋養，濕濁上漬于肺(fei)(fei)(fei)，肺(fei)(fei)(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)肅降(jiang)失常，故(gu)多痰色白(bai)而粘(zhan)。如果寒郁化熱(re)(re)，或熱(re)(re)邪直襲(xi)肺(fei)(fei)(fei)衛，則(ze)有高(gao)熱(re)(re)、寒戰、痰粘(zhan)或膿性樣(yang)，均屬熱(re)(re)象。若肺(fei)(fei)(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)上逆，不得下降(jiang)，則(ze)喘(chuan)息不能(neng)平臥。
[臨(lin)床療效]采用純中(zhong)藥治療本病593例，治愈253例，顯效256例，好轉(zhuan)84例。其中(zhong)老年(nian)人較青少年(nian)療效低。
慢性支氣管炎是指氣管、支氣管粘膜及其周圍組織的慢性非特異性炎癥。
（一）病理變化
主要的病變有：①粘膜上皮纖毛倒伏，脫失。上皮細胞變性、壞死脫落。杯狀細胞增多、鱗狀上皮化生；②粘液腺肥大、增生，漿液腺發生粘液化；③管壁充血，淋巴細胞、漿細胞浸潤；④管壁平滑肌束斷裂、萎縮，而喘息型患者，平滑肌束可增生、肥大，管腔變窄；⑤軟骨變性、萎縮，鈣化或骨化。
（二）臨床病理聯系
支氣(qi)管(guan)粘膜充血、水腫和(he)分泌物增多，出(chu)現(xian)咳嗽、咳痰癥(zheng)狀。由于支氣(qi)管(guan)痙攣或支氣(qi)管(guan)狹窄及粘液(ye)、滲出(chu)物阻塞而引起喘息。
慢支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)治療一(yi)(yi)般是(shi)采(cai)用(yong)的(de)對癥(zheng)(zheng)治療手段及止咳化痰(tan)平(ping)(ping)喘等(deng)大多(duo)(duo)數急(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)需要抗菌(jun)藥(yao)物(wu)治療，除(chu)非明確(que)有(you)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)感(gan)(gan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)時(shi)才使用(yong)抗菌(jun)藥(yao)物(wu)。生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)和非生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)(su)均可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)導致(zhi)(zhi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)，其中，病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒感(gan)(gan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)是(shi)最常(chang)見的(de)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)因(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)，少(shao)部分患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)有(you)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)感(gan)(gan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)的(de)情(qing)況，年齡，免(mian)(mian)疫(yi)等(deng)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)(su)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)或急(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)加(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)或衣(yi)原體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)感(gan)(gan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)，一(yi)(yi)刻(ke)，導致(zhi)(zhi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，非生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)(su)包(bao)括季節變化，冷(leng)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)粉塵刺(ci)激性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)或顆粒，煙(yan)霧吸入(ru)的(de)，均可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)導致(zhi)(zhi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)粘膜的(de)損(sun)傷和炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)癥(zheng)(zheng)反應。支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，平(ping)(ping)吋(cun)注意(yi)預防感(gan)(gan)冒避(bi)免(mian)(mian)吸煙(yan)，避(bi)免(mian)(mian)吸入(ru)冷(leng)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，粉塵花粉等(deng)也要注意(yi)多(duo)(duo)鍛煉(lian)(lian)身體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)質(zhi)，一(yi)(yi)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)平(ping)(ping)時(shi)，首先要注意(yi)感(gan)(gan)冒，因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)感(gan)(gan)冒就(jiu)容易誘發(fa)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，或者(zhe)(zhe)，導致(zhi)(zhi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，食，發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)在，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)黏膜上的(de)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)癥(zheng)(zheng)，主要由病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)原菌(jun)感(gan)(gan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)導致(zhi)(zhi)感(gan)(gan)冒的(de)時(shi)候患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)抵抗力下降(jiang)，體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)的(de)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)原菌(jun)就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)大量繁殖，從而(er)引起(qi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)加(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)要避(bi)免(mian)(mian)吸煙(yan)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)吸煙(yan)有(you)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)會(hui)(hui)對，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)粘膜產生(sheng)(sheng)損(sun)傷，加(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)癥(zheng)(zheng)，吸入(ru)冷(leng)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)粉塵花粉等(deng)容易刺(ci)激氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)引起(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)過(guo)(guo)敏會(hui)(hui)導致(zhi)(zhi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)癥(zheng)(zheng)加(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。平(ping)(ping)時(shi)要多(duo)(duo)注意(yi)鍛煉(lian)(lian)身體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)質(zhi)通過(guo)(guo)身體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)鍛煉(lian)(lian)，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)質(zhi)，提高(gao)(gao)抗病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)能(neng)力促進(jin)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)恢復(fu)比(bi)(bi)如平(ping)(ping)時(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)多(duo)(duo)做(zuo)，有(you)氧(yang)運動(dong)，每天運動(dong)要在半小時(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)上飲(yin)食中可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)多(duo)(duo)補充維生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)營養。支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)會(hui)(hui)加(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)咳嗽(sou)(sou)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)肺(fei)功(gong)能(neng)，也比(bi)(bi)較容易并(bing)發(fa)合(he)并(bing)癥(zheng)(zheng)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，通常(chang)是(shi)指由各種治病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)，提導致(zhi)(zhi)的(de)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)癥(zheng)(zheng)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)急(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)慢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)慢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)慢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)及做(zuo)，如果不(bu)及時(shi)治療，或者(zhe)(zhe)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)情(qing)比(bi)(bi)較嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，通常(chang)就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)對人體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)比(bi)(bi)較嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)危害，一(yi)(yi)，加(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)咳嗽(sou)(sou)，當(dang)，急(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)反復(fu)感(gan)(gan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)，變成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)慢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，十，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)會(hui)(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)粘膜充血(xue)，腫(zhong)脹，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及纖(xian)(xian)維柱(zhu)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)上皮功(gong)能(neng)下降(jiang)，杯狀(zhuang)(zhuang)細(xi)(xi)胞增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)生(sheng)(sheng)，導致(zhi)(zhi)分泌物(wu)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)，引起(qi)患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)反復(fu)咳嗽(sou)(sou)咳痰(tan)等(deng)癥(zheng)(zheng)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)纖(xian)(xian)毛柱(zhu)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)上皮非特異性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)防御(yu)其降(jiang)低。無法將吸入(ru)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)，及時(shi)，隨痰(tan)液咳嗽(sou)(sou)排出(chu)，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)會(hui)(hui)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)加(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，二，影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)肺(fei)功(gong)能(neng)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)得支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)后，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)肺(fei)，發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)痙攣導致(zhi)(zhi)呼氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流速受限，肺(fei)內(nei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)長(chang)期(qi)停(ting)留在肺(fei)內(nei)，會(hui)(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)肺(fei)泡(pao)過(guo)(guo)度膨脹，肺(fei)泡(pao)膨脹到(dao)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)(cheng)度時(shi)，會(hui)(hui)引起(qi)肺(fei)泡(pao)彈性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)纖(xian)(xian)維斷裂，從而(er)導致(zhi)(zhi)肺(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)腫(zhong)，肺(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)腫(zhong)，進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)加(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)損(sun)害呼吸功(gong)能(neng)，當(dang)到(dao)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)(cheng)度時(shi)，還(huan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)導致(zhi)(zhi)慢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)肺(fei)動(dong)脈(mo)高(gao)(gao)壓，慢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)肺(fei)源性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)心(xin)(xin)臟(zang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)等(deng)疾病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)，三，并(bing)發(fa)合(he)并(bing)癥(zheng)(zheng)，基礎疾病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)，糖尿病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)，高(gao)(gao)血(xue)壓冠(guan)心(xin)(xin)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)心(xin)(xin)功(gong)能(neng)不(bu)全患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。中，由于病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)程(cheng)(cheng)比(bi)(bi)較長(chang)，再加(jia)(jia)上各種藥(yao)物(wu)的(de)使用(yong)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，會(hui)(hui)誘發(fa)各種并(bing)發(fa)癥(zheng)(zheng)比(bi)(bi)如慢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)肺(fei)源性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)心(xin)(xin)臟(zang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)等(deng)，也可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)會(hui)(hui)使原有(you)的(de)基礎疾病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)，進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)加(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，四其他，損(sun)害，急(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)發(fa)作以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及反復(fu)用(yong)藥(yao)會(hui)(hui)加(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，不(bu)同(tong)(tong)程(cheng)(cheng)度的(de)，肝腎(shen)功(gong)能(neng)損(sun)害，嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)同(tong)(tong)樣(yang)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，危及患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)命，在日(ri)常(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)活中，建議患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)定(ding)期(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢，了解近期(qi)的(de)身體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)況，如果出(chu)現(xian)(xian)異常(chang)情(qing)況，盡量可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)做(zuo)到(dao)早發(fa)現(xian)(xian)早治療，除(chu)此之(zhi)(zhi)外，如果患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)身體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)不(bu)適(shi)，應及時(shi)就(jiu)醫治療以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)免(mian)(mian)延誤病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)情(qing)建議患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)適(shi)當(dang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)，跑步(bu)登(deng)山等(deng)運動(dong)有(you)助(zhu)于提高(gao)(gao)機體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)抵抗力。
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