氣(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)所以(yi)(yi)有(you)養生(sheng)(sheng)益(yi)壽(shou)的作用(yong)，首先(xian)是(shi)(shi)因(yin)為通過練氣(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)疏(shu)通人(ren)體經絡，流通氣(qi)(qi)(qi)血，特別是(shi)(shi)使(shi)人(ren)體的元氣(qi)(qi)(qi)旺盛(sheng)，所以(yi)(yi)無病(bing)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)強身，有(you)病(bing)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)治病(bing)；其(qi)次(ci)，是(shi)(shi)因(yin)為運用(yong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)各種功(gong)(gong)(gong)法的鍛煉，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)使(shi)“精、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)、神”三者融(rong)為一體，增強機體的生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)活(huo)力，生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)自然(ran)會延長，推(tui)遲衰老，健(jian)康長壽(shou)。

中國著名氣功師劉貴珍，在其所著的《氣功療法實(shi)踐》一書(shu)中，較詳細(xi)地闡明(ming)了氣功養生(sheng)的道理，現引用(yong)幾點如下：

1．培補(bu)元氣，扶正法邪

在(zai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)學理(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)中(zhong)，貫穿著“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)本”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)(lun)點(dian)，在(zai)方法鍛(duan)煉(lian)上(shang)，也強(qiang)調培(pei)(pei)補元(yuan)(yuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)固本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)導觀點(dian)。那么，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)過(guo)何種(zhong)機(ji)理(li)(li)而(er)(er)實現(xian)培(pei)(pei)補元(yuan)(yuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)這一(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呢？《素(su)問·上(shang)古天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)真論(lun)(lun)》指(zhi)出(chu)：“恬淡虛無，真氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)從之(zhi)；精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)內守，病安從來(lai)。”這就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)培(pei)(pei)補元(yuan)(yuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)機(ji)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)辟闡述(shu)與(yu)(yu)概(gai)括。祖國醫學把(ba)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)視(shi)為(wei)人(ren)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內因(yin)，它概(gai)括地反映了(le)人(ren)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)能(neng)狀態，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外練“筋、骨、皮”、內練“精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動靜(jing)結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自我鍛(duan)煉(lian)養(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)法。“精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)”包括先(xian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)腎(shen)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)和后(hou)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水谷之(zhi)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)兩部(bu)分，二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)通(tong)過(guo)肺心(xin)脾(pi)諸(zhu)臟，敷布(bu)周(zhou)身(shen)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保證(zheng)人(ren)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長、發(fa)育、生(sheng)(sheng)殖等生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)(li)活(huo)(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實現(xian)。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)(dui)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有著明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響和作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，只要(yao)練功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)得(de)(de)(de)法，并持之(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)恒，對(dui)(dui)先(xian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)(yu)后(hou)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)都(dou)有加強(qiang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)實作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。男性(xing)(xing)患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遺精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、早泄、精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)冷、精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)稀及(ji)女性(xing)(xing)患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)帶下、崩漏、經(jing)(jing)少、病理(li)(li)性(xing)(xing)閉經(jing)(jing)等現(xian)象(xiang)，都(dou)屬于(yu)(yu)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)病理(li)(li)范圍，這些病理(li)(li)現(xian)象(xiang)，通(tong)過(guo)練功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)都(dou)可得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)程度不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果，此即是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)(dui)陰(yin)(yin)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)發(fa)揮作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佐證(zheng)。消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)紊亂、營養(yang)(yang)障(zhang)礙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，通(tong)過(guo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)心(xin)腎(shen)相(xiang)交之(zhi)法，腎(shen)陽因(yin)秘(mi)，脾(pi)陽得(de)(de)(de)腎(shen)而(er)(er)健運，胃陰(yin)(yin)也得(de)(de)(de)腎(shen)水上(shang)濟而(er)(er)滋潤，從而(er)(er)，胃腑和降善于(yu)(yu)納腐，脾(pi)運有度、精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)微充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)脈(mo)，臨床表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)食(shi)欲(yu)大(da)振、食(shi)量增加。消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)腺分泌旺(wang)盛、合成代謝加強(qiang)、營養(yang)(yang)狀態得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)改善等等，這都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)(dui)水谷之(zhi)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)發(fa)揮作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佐證(zheng)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)(dui)后(hou)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)表(biao)現(xian)。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)(dui)先(xian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)也同(tong)樣具有充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)益(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。先(xian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)藏于(yu)(yu)腎(shen)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)意(yi)守丹田(tian)命門之(zhi)法，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)實精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)水之(zhi)術。先(xian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)依(yi)賴(lai)于(yu)(yu)后(hou)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)索(suo)養(yang)(yang)，通(tong)過(guo)吸抵撮閉鍛(duan)煉(lian)，兼備(bei)寡欲(yu)持滿陶冶(ye)，則陰(yin)(yin)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)自然充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)實而(er)(er)固澀(se)，腎(shen)中(zhong)之(zhi)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)得(de)(de)(de)陰(yin)(yin)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濡養(yang)(yang)，則愈加壯益(yi)，元(yuan)(yuan)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)益(yi)固、元(yuan)(yuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)自充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，這就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“練精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必然趨勢(shi)。顯然，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)固水的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)培(pei)(pei)補元(yuan)(yuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)轉(zhuan)。練功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)益(yi)后(hou)，即可更好地激發(fa)與(yu)(yu)推(tui)動臟腑進(jin)行正常(chang)有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)(li)活(huo)(huo)動，這對(dui)(dui)維(wei)持機(ji)體健康具有重要(yao)意(yi)義。此外，又能(neng)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)發(fa)揮練氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，包括了(le)先(xian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)和后(hou)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)識神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)兩種(zhong)。元(yuan)(yuan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)生(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)于(yu)(yu)先(xian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)元(yuan)(yuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，識神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)生(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)于(yu)(yu)后(hou)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。元(yuan)(yuan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)、識神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)都(dou)來(lai)源于(yu)(yu)物質，又皆反作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)物質。《素(su)問·移精(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)變氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)論(lun)(lun)》談到(dao)：“得(de)(de)(de)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)昌，失神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)亡”，指(zhi)出(chu)了(le)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)命活(huo)(huo)動中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性(xing)(xing)，這是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)培(pei)(pei)補元(yuan)(yuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)又一(yi)重要(yao)意(yi)義。

2．調節陰陽

通過實(shi)驗(yan)研究和臨床觀察，也(ye)證實(shi)氣(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)陰(yin)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)平(ping)衡(heng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)節性影(ying)響是(shi)廣(guang)泛存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。祖(zu)國醫學認為，形、精可(ke)(ke)以(yi)轉為功(gong)(gong)(gong)能，此(ci)乃陽(yang)(yang)(yang)源于(yu)陰(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常生理現象，但當機體功(gong)(gong)(gong)能亢進時，則(ze)可(ke)(ke)使形、精耗傷。氣(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)鍛(duan)煉入靜后，則(ze)交(jiao)感神經興(xing)奮強度(du)減弱，氣(qi)(qi)體代(dai)謝(xie)降低(di)，高(gao)反應狀態(tai)得(de)以(yi)糾正，亢強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能得(de)以(yi)調(diao)(diao)整，這(zhe)些都是(shi)氣(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)抑陽(yang)(yang)(yang)扶陰(yin)作用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體表(biao)現。氣(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)補陽(yang)(yang)(yang)作用(yong)也(ye)是(shi)極其(qi)廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根據“腎(shen)虛”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論分(fen)型，觀察到腎(shen)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)虛者(zhe)，練功(gong)(gong)(gong)后出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四肢由(you)厥冷變(bian)暖，尿酮類固醇(chun)恢復到正常水平(ping)，血漿(jiang)三磷酸腺苷。環腺苷酸含(han)量(liang)增(zeng)加(jia)，以(yi)及白細胞吞(tun)噬能力(li)增(zeng)強等變(bian)化，都是(shi)氣(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)補陽(yang)(yang)(yang)作用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體現。氣(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)調(diao)(diao)整陰(yin)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)動態(tai)平(ping)衡(heng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，是(shi)通過“抑亢扶弱”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雙調(diao)(diao)制效應而實(shi)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，此(ci)作用(yong)并在不(bu)同層次水平(ping)上表(biao)現出(chu)來，這(zhe)就(jiu)是(shi)氣(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)治病、保(bao)健的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機轉所在。

3．通經活絡(luo)，調和氣血

氣(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)治病(bing)、保健的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，是通(tong)過“通(tong)經活(huo)絡(luo)(luo)”來實(shi)現(xian)(xian)，臨床上觀(guan)察(cha)(cha)到(dao)，經絡(luo)(luo)不(bu)(bu)通(tong)、氣(qi)血不(bu)(bu)調(diao)的(de)患(huan)者(zhe)，其肢(zhi)體兩側(ce)經絡(luo)(luo)測定值不(bu)(bu)等或差數懸殊；練功(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)，凡氣(qi)血弱者(zhe)，通(tong)過練功(gong)(gong)(gong)，都(dou)可得(de)到(dao)不(bu)(bu)同程(cheng)(cheng)度的(de)加強。練功(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，還觀(guan)察(cha)(cha)到(dao)經絡(luo)(luo)傳感(gan)明(ming)顯和內氣(qi)循環任、督和其他絡(luo)(luo)脈運行等現(xian)(xian)象，這都(dou)是氣(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)通(tong)經活(huo)絡(luo)(luo)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)具體表現(xian)(xian)。

以上是中國著名氣(qi)功(gong)(gong)師劉貴珍對于氣(qi)功(gong)(gong)益壽保健(jian)(jian)機理的(de)詳細闡述。說明了(le)氣(qi)功(gong)(gong)是一(yi)種極好的(de)強(qiang)身(shen)健(jian)(jian)體(ti)方法，每(mei)一(yi)個欲想身(shen)體(ti)健(jian)(jian)康、“盡終其(qi)天年”的(de)人都(dou)應該努力(li)學習，刻(ke)苦練功(gong)(gong)，真正繼承(cheng)和發(fa)揚祖國醫(yi)(yi)藥學的(de)這一(yi)寶貴遺產(chan)。那么(me)，又(you)從(cong)哪(na)些方面(mian)體(ti)現出氣(qi)功(gong)(gong)的(de)保健(jian)(jian)、醫(yi)(yi)療、益壽、延(yan)年的(de)作用(yong)呢(ni)？我(wo)們(men)僅從(cong)以下幾個方面(mian)簡(jian)要地論述。(中醫(yi)(yi)藥報(bao))

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