2007年2月6日(ri),湖南省兒童醫(yi)院大廳(ting)內坐滿了等待醫(yi)治的小病號們,近日(ri)由于(yu)氣候的異常,暖(nuan)冬的溫差增加了感冒患病的幾(ji)率。圖/記者(zhe)汪蛟
本報綜(zong)合(he)報道(dao) 暖(nuan)(nuan)冬對人體(ti)健康的(de)影(ying)響是(shi)非常大的(de)。專(zhuan)家提醒人們(men),在暖(nuan)(nuan)冬過后(hou)要提防(fang)春寒病(bing)的(de)發(fa)生。
氣象醫(yi)學家指出,暖冬氣候使得(de)大(da)地水(shui)分蒸發快,氣候變(bian)得(de)異常干(gan)燥(zao)(zao),容易(yi)使人出現口干(gan)舌燥(zao)(zao)、嗓子疼、流(liu)鼻(bi)血(xue)、眼發澀、皮膚干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)和發癢等癥狀。干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)的氣候還會大(da)大(da)削(xue)弱人體上呼吸(xi)道的防御(yu)功能(neng),從而誘發各種呼吸(xi)道疾病,如(ru)流(liu)感、肺炎、哮喘(chuan)等。
暖冬過后,必定會有(you)一段(duan)時間(jian)的春(chun)寒。冷(leng)暖氣流(liu)交匯,使(shi)得氣候(hou)忽(hu)冷(leng)忽(hu)熱,變化無常,對患有(you)高血壓(ya)、心(xin)臟病(bing)(bing)的人(ren)威脅極大。它可使(shi)高血壓(ya)病(bing)(bing)人(ren)發生腦中風,誘發心(xin)絞(jiao)痛或心(xin)肌梗塞。忽(hu)冷(leng)忽(hu)熱的氣候(hou)還易使(shi)兒童遭受“倒(dao)春(chun)寒”之(zhi)苦(ku),感染百(bai)日咳(ke)、麻(ma)疹、猩(xing)紅熱、感冒(mao)等疾(ji)病(bing)(bing)。
為此,專(zhuan)家提醒,要(yao)預防春寒病的(de)發生,體(ti)(ti)質虛弱(ruo)者和(he)免疫力低下的(de)人(ren)在冬去春來(lai)之時,不(bu)要(yao)急于脫掉冬裝,應多(duo)捂一段(duan)時間,以緩慢調整身體(ti)(ti)的(de)陰陽平衡,適應新的(de)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)條(tiao)件(jian);多(duo)吃一些健脾胃的(de)食(shi)物;居室(shi)內應及時除塵通風,以減少(shao)和(he)抑制病菌(jun)的(de)存活和(he)繁殖(zhi);適當做戶外活動,呼吸新鮮空(kong)氣(qi)(qi),以改善心肺(fei)功(gong)能,使身體(ti)(ti)適應春季多(duo)變(bian)的(de)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)。
雨(yu)水節氣(qi)過后(hou),氣(qi)溫開始回升(sheng)(sheng),濕度逐漸升(sheng)(sheng)高,但冷空氣(qi)活動仍(reng)較(jiao)頻繁,所(suo)以早(zao)晚仍(reng)然較(jiao)冷。因此,在這(zhe)個時候,養(yang)生保健最關(guan)鍵的就(jiu)是保護好中焦脾(pi)胃(wei),注意保溫。這(zhe)是因為中醫認為,脾(pi)胃(wei)為后(hou)天之(zhi)本,氣(qi)血生化之(zhi)源(yuan)。脾(pi)胃(wei)功(gong)能健全,則(ze)人體營(ying)養(yang)利用充分,反之(zhi)則(ze)營(ying)養(yang)缺乏,體質下降。古代著名(ming)醫家李東(dong)垣提出:“脾(pi)胃(wei)傷則(ze)元(yuan)氣(qi)衰,元(yuan)氣(qi)衰則(ze)人折壽。”具體來說,應注意以下幾(ji)點。
首先(xian),雨水節氣(qi)(qi)(qi)天氣(qi)(qi)(qi)較涼(liang),要(yao)注意根據氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫培養衣服。同時,不(bu)要(yao)過(guo)多(duo)的吃(chi)寒(han)(han)冷的食物或喝涼(liang)茶,可適當吃(chi)些(xie)較溫些(xie)的甜(tian)食,以養脾胃,避免(mian)脾胃受涼(liang)。正如唐代藥(yao)王孫思(si)邈(miao)說:“春(chun)日(ri)宜省酸增甘(gan),以養脾氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。”“燥寒(han)(han)凍肉,濕(shi)寒(han)(han)入骨(gu)。”由于春(chun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)涌動,身體(ti)偏熱的人從感覺上欲(yu)減外(wai)衣。體(ti)熱外(wai)泄,濕(shi)寒(han)(han)交換于內(nei)入骨(gu),易傷骨(gu)關節致病。
其(qi)次,雨(yu)水仍(reng)然是早春(chun)節氣(qi),特別是北(bei)方(fang),仍(reng)然較為寒冷,因此,不宜于做過于激烈(lie)的(de)運(yun)動(dong),以便讓肝(gan)氣(qi)慢(man)慢(man)和緩的(de)上升,避免因為體內能量(中氣(qi))消耗太(tai)(tai)(tai)過而失去對肝(gan)氣(qi)的(de)控制(zhi),導致肝(gan)氣(qi)一(yi)下子往外跑得(de)太(tai)(tai)(tai)多而出現發熱、上火等(deng)癥狀。可(ke)做些散步(bu)、打太(tai)(tai)(tai)極拳等(deng)較輕(qing)松的(de)運(yun)動(dong)。
一、注(zhu)意預防(fang)倒春寒引起(qi)的疾病
氣象醫學(xue)家解釋,暖冬氣候使(shi)得大地水分蒸(zheng)發(fa)快,氣候變得異常干(gan)燥,人(ren)體容(rong)易(yi)出現口干(gan)舌燥、嗓子疼、流鼻血、眼發(fa)澀、皮膚干(gan)燥和發(fa)癢等(deng)(deng)癥狀,加之干(gan)燥的(de)氣候會大大削(xue)弱人(ren)體上呼(hu)吸(xi)道的(de)防御功能,從(cong)而誘發(fa)各種呼(hu)吸(xi)道疾病,如流感(gan)、肺炎、哮喘等(deng)(deng)。忽(hu)冷忽(hu)熱(re)的(de)氣候還易(yi)使(shi)兒童遭受“倒春寒”之苦,感(gan)染百日(ri)咳、麻疹、猩紅熱(re)等(deng)(deng)疾病。
二、對于年老體弱(ruo)者,春季(ji)不宜用(yong)冷水(shui)
按中國五行學說,水(shui)對應(ying)腎,腎主骨(gu)。盡管養生道上(shang)(shang)有種說法,稱常年用(yong)(yong)冷(leng)水(shui)洗臉可以起到(dao)保(bao)健的(de)作用(yong)(yong)。但(dan)在雨水(shui)時節,年老體弱者若(ruo)用(yong)(yong)冷(leng)水(shui)洗臉、洗手(shou),濕寒(han)很(hen)容(rong)易侵入關節,加(jia)之沒有充(chong)足(zu)的(de)陽氣驅(qu)寒(han)于外,濕寒(han)滯留在手(shou)上(shang)(shang),就容(rong)易酸痛(tong),重則變形,濕寒(han)滯留在頭上(shang)(shang)就容(rong)易出現疼(teng)痛(tong)等癥(zheng)狀。
另外(wai),在春季時期,濕(shi)(shi)冷(leng)猶存(cun),洗(xi)頭后應該及時用風筒(tong)吹(chui)干(gan)。否則,水濕(shi)(shi)留于發際再變涼,很容(rong)易使(shi)濕(shi)(shi)寒聚(ju)于頭,由(you)表及里深(shen)入顱(lu)內,導致頭痛。尤其是洗(xi)完頭就趕著出去,毛發未干(gan)又被冷(leng)風吹(chui)過,很容(rong)易出現(xian)“偏頭風”的癥(zheng)狀。
三、暖濕天氣注意脾胃氣滯(zhi)
雨水時節,養(yang)生(sheng)應該(gai)著(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)強調“調養(yang)脾(pi)胃”。中醫認為,脾(pi)胃為“后天之本”,“氣血生(sheng)化(hua)之源”,脾(pi)胃的強弱是決定人之壽(shou)夭的重(zhong)(zhong)要因(yin)素。
春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)轉暖(nuan)(nuan),溫熱(re)(re)(re)(re)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)邪開(kai)(kai)始活動(dong),致(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)、細菌(jun)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等,隨(sui)之(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)繁(fan)殖,因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)(er)(er),流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)感(gan)(gan)(gan)、肺炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、麻疹、流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)腦、猩紅(hong)(hong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)等傳(chuan)(chuan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)多(duo)(duo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定要(yao)(yao)(yao)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)保(bao)健。 一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、肝(gan)(gan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)預(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)雖(sui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年四(si)(si)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)均可(ke)(ke)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),但以(yi)(yi)(yi)早春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)率(lv)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)。病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)廣(guang)泛流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),對(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)健康(kang)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)威脅。目前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)五型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),即(ji)甲(jia)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、乙(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、丙型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、丁型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)及(ji)戊(wu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)甲(jia)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、戊(wu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)經腸(chang)道(dao)(dao)傳(chuan)(chuan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)隨(sui)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)或(huo)健康(kang)帶(dai)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)糞便排出(chu)(chu),當(dang)(dang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們飲(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)或(huo)食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飲(yin)(yin)水(shui)或(huo)食(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)時(shi),即(ji)可(ke)(ke)導(dao)致(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)體發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)。 春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)轉暖(nuan)(nuan),老(lao)鼠、蟑(zhang)螂、一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)蒼蠅等傳(chuan)(chuan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)媒(mei)介繁(fan)殖、活動(dong)增(zeng)加(jia);天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們喜歡吃(chi)(chi)(chi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)水(shui);新(xin)鮮水(shui)果、蔬菜大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)吃(chi)(chi)(chi)瓜果蔬菜多(duo)(duo)起(qi)(qi)來,以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)甲(jia)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、戊(wu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)夏季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。 防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)上(shang)述(shu)肝(gan)(gan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)法(fa)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)注(zhu)意(yi)(yi)環境、飲(yin)(yin)食(shi)(shi)、個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。如(ru)吃(chi)(chi)(chi)東西(xi)前(qian)(qian)及(ji)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)小便時(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)皂(zao)及(ji)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)水(shui)洗手(shou);注(zhu)意(yi)(yi)食(shi)(shi)品貯存、避(bi)免蒼蠅、蟑(zhang)螂等污(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)食(shi)(shi)品;不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)喝生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)水(shui)、飲(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定要(yao)(yao)(yao)煮沸;保(bao)護環境衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),消滅蒼蠅、老(lao)鼠、蟑(zhang)螂;至于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)乙(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、丙型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、丁型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)通過血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液(ye)(ye)傳(chuan)(chuan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年四(si)(si)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)均可(ke)(ke)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),預(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)切(qie)斷(duan)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液(ye)(ye)傳(chuan)(chuan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)途徑(jing)。二、紅(hong)(hong)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)預(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。本(ben)(ben)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)由(you)細菌(jun)或(huo)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)引(yin)起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)急(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)傳(chuan)(chuan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)部(bu)(bu)疾患(huan),好發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)每年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)夏之(zhi)際,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)旦在(zai)(zai)(zai)學(xue)校等集(ji)體單位發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),極(ji)易(yi)(yi)引(yin)起(qi)(qi)暴發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)。 紅(hong)(hong)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛伏期一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)為(wei)24小時(shi)左右(you)。病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)后常有(you)(you)(you)(you)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)部(bu)(bu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)適(shi)和(he)(he)有(you)(you)(you)(you)異物(wu)(wu)感(gan)(gan)(gan),眼(yan)(yan)(yan)多(duo)(duo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)淚,怕光(guang)及(ji)脹痛(tong),眼(yan)(yan)(yan)結(jie)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)明(ming)顯(xian)充血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),球結(jie)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)紅(hong)(hong),布(bu)滿血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)絲、眼(yan)(yan)(yan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)物(wu)(wu)增(zeng)多(duo)(duo)。若(ruo)(ruo)為(wei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)感(gan)(gan)(gan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)所(suo)致(zhi),又可(ke)(ke)見眼(yan)(yan)(yan)瞼高(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)水(shui)腫(zhong)、臉結(jie)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)濾(lv)泡、患(huan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)側耳(er)前(qian)(qian)淋巴(ba)結(jie)腫(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da),有(you)(you)(you)(you)壓痛(tong),嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)結(jie)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)下(xia)出(chu)(chu)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、角膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、視(shi)力(li)(li)模糊。 本(ben)(ben)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)之(zhi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)暴發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing),主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)接(jie)觸(chu)傳(chuan)(chuan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)所(suo)致(zhi)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),要(yao)(yao)(yao)養成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)講(jiang)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、愛清(qing)(qing)潔、勤(qin)洗手(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良(liang)好習(xi)慣,切(qie)忌用(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)揉眼(yan)(yan)(yan)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)紅(hong)(hong)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)時(shi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)游泳池游泳和(he)(he)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)公共浴室(shi)(shi)洗澡。 三、腮腺(xian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)腮腺(xian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)密切(qie)和(he)(he)居(ju)室(shi)(shi)通風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)良(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)容易(yi)(yi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing),其(qi)潛伏期為(wei)7~14天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),多(duo)(duo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)5~15歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兒童,本(ben)(ben)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)初起(qi)(qi)癥(zheng)狀(zhuang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi):全身疲(pi)倦(juan)、口(kou)渴、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)安、有(you)(you)(you)(you)時(shi)高(gao)(gao)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)可(ke)(ke)達(da)39度(du)(du)左右(you),突出(chu)(chu)表現是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)耳(er)垂(chui)周圍(wei)腮部(bu)(bu)紅(hong)(hong)腫(zhong)、壓痛(tong)、張口(kou)或(huo)食(shi)(shi)酸性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)飲(yin)(yin)食(shi)(shi)使唾(tuo)液(ye)(ye)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)增(zeng)多(duo)(duo)時(shi),疼痛(tong)即(ji)可(ke)(ke)加(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)程一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)1~2周。 由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腮腺(xian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)經病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)唾(tuo)液(ye)(ye)飛沫侵入(ru)口(kou)腔粘膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)及(ji)鼻粘膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)繁(fan)殖,進(jin)(jin)入(ru)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)后即(ji)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)癥(zheng),所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)本(ben)(ben)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)期間(jian),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員較(jiao)(jiao)多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公共場所(suo)去。盡量(liang)(liang)避(bi)免與患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)接(jie)觸(chu),居(ju)室(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)常開(kai)(kai)窗(chuang)(chuang)通風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。若(ruo)(ruo)確診為(wei)腮腺(xian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),就(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)被隔(ge)離,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)為(wei)三周時(shi)間(jian)。 四(si)(si)、春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)“困(kun)倦(juan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們常感(gan)(gan)(gan)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)困(kun)倦(juan)、乏(fa)力(li)(li)、精神(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)振,昏昏欲(yu)睡(shui)(shui),早晨(chen)醒來也較(jiao)(jiao)遲(chi)。道(dao)(dao)理(li)(li)何在(zai)(zai)(zai)呢? 春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)困(kun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),而(er)(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)正(zheng)常的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)節(jie)(jie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)化時(shi)出(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理(li)(li)現象,原因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi):冬(dong)(dong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)了(le)(le)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)散(san)失大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)體在(zai)(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樞神(shen)經系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調節(jie)(jie)下(xia),整個(ge)皮(pi)膚(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)處(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)收斂(lian)狀(zhuang)態。而(er)(er)(er)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)變(bian)暖(nuan)(nuan),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)地復蘇,皮(pi)膚(fu)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)和(he)(he)毛(mao)孔漸漸擴張,皮(pi)膚(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)增(zeng)加(jia),但由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)體內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)當(dang)(dang)穩定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),供應(ying)(ying)皮(pi)膚(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)增(zeng)加(jia),相(xiang)對(dui)來說,供應(ying)(ying)給(gei)腦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)減(jian)少;此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)外(wai),春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)日(ri)長(chang)夜短,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)睡(shui)(shui)眠(mian)時(shi)間(jian)相(xiang)對(dui)減(jian)少,所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi),使人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)感(gan)(gan)(gan)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)困(kun)倦(juan),愛睡(shui)(shui)覺(jue)(jue)。 春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)困(kun)倦(juan)雖(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)態,但因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)影響(xiang)(xiang)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)學(xue)習(xi)和(he)(he)工作效(xiao)率(lv),必須設法(fa)涂除。 措施(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi):第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),注(zhu)意(yi)(yi)睡(shui)(shui)眠(mian),即(ji)晚上(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)太(tai)(tai)遲(chi)入(ru)睡(shui)(shui),早晨(chen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)貪睡(shui)(shui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)起(qi)(qi),正(zheng)如(ru)俗(su)話所(suo)說:早睡(shui)(shui)早起(qi)(qi)精神(shen)好,這樣有(you)(you)(you)(you)助(zhu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)提高(gao)(gao)夜間(jian)睡(shui)(shui)眠(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。晨(chen)起(qi)(qi)最(zui)(zui)好用(yong)(yong)(yong)冷(leng)水(shui)洗臉,以(yi)(yi)(yi)刺(ci)激(ji)皮(pi)膚(fu)和(he)(he)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腦,使之(zhi)盡快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)這種(zhong)冬(dong)(dong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)節(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液(ye)(ye)循(xun)環變(bian)化。 第(di)二,重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)鍛煉(lian)(lian),因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)體育鍛煉(lian)(lian)能(neng)(neng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)加(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腦處(chu)理(li)(li)信息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反應(ying)(ying)速(su)度(du)(du),故能(neng)(neng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)地防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困(kun)倦(juan)。目前(qian)(qian),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)逐漸轉暖(nuan)(nuan),尤(you)其(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)冬(dong)(dong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)長(chang)期緊(jin)閉(bi)室(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),應(ying)(ying)該順應(ying)(ying)自(zi)然的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化,多(duo)(duo)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)自(zi)然中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)活動(dong),如(ru)放風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)箏,爬山,郊游等,都能(neng)(neng)使您精神(shen)振奮,渾身充滿活力(li)(li)。原因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)運動(dong)改善了(le)(le)肌體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)陳(chen)代謝(xie)過程,增(zeng)強了(le)(le)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液(ye)(ye)循(xun)環和(he)(he)呼吸(xi)(xi)功能(neng)(neng),對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樞神(shen)經系(xi)統,內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)系(xi)統以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)免疫系(xi)統功能(neng)(neng)也有(you)(you)(you)(you)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刺(ci)激(ji)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)外(wai),經常按(an)摩太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)穴(xue),曬(shai)曬(shai)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)等,亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)益于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)解除春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)困(kun)。當(dang)(dang)出(chu)(chu)現困(kun)倦(juan)時(shi),可(ke)(ke)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)音響(xiang)(xiang)給(gei)自(zi)己一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刺(ci)激(ji),這樣能(neng)(neng)改變(bian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)體內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)節(jie)(jie)奏,使大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腦中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樞神(shen)經迅速(su)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)清(qing)(qing)醒狀(zhuang)態,從而(er)(er)(er)使困(kun)倦(juan)得以(yi)(yi)(yi)消除。 五、當(dang)(dang)心“春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)寒(han)(han)傷(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”。春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)地,給(gei)萬物(wu)(wu)帶(dai)來了(le)(le)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)機,然而(er)(er)(er)早春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)卻寒(han)(han)意(yi)(yi)正(zheng)濃,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們仍覺(jue)(jue)得很(hen)冷(leng),所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi),群(qun)眾中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)“春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)凍(dong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)凍(dong)水(shui)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)諺(yan)語(yu)。原因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)何在(zai)(zai)(zai)?春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)冷(leng)暖(nuan)(nuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)團(tuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過渡時(shi)期,北方(fang)冷(leng)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勢力(li)(li)還(huan)(huan)很(hen)強,導(dao)致(zhi)了(le)(le)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)多(duo)(duo)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)越(yue)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)體散(san)失的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)也越(yue)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)越(yue)多(duo)(duo),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也就(jiu)(jiu)覺(jue)(jue)得更(geng)加(jia)寒(han)(han)冷(leng)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)(er)(er),春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)除了(le)(le)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邪傷(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),亦(yi)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)寒(han)(han),尤(you)其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)早春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)時(shi)節(jie)(jie)。古語(yu)道(dao)(dao):“吃(chi)(chi)(chi)了(le)(le)端午粽,還(huan)(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)凍(dong)三凍(dong)”,就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)提醒人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們當(dang)(dang)心春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“冬(dong)(dong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”。應(ying)(ying)采取的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)措施(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi):防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)寒(han)(han)保(bao)暖(nuan)(nuan)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫變(bian)化是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腦中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)危險(xian)因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su),寒(han)(han)冷(leng)時(shi)腦血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)率(lv)高(gao)(gao)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)寒(han)(han)、溫度(du)(du)低,體內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)腎(shen)上(shang)腺(xian)素(su)等分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)增(zeng)加(jia),血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)收縮、血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓上(shang)升(sheng),從而(er)(er)(er)導(dao)致(zhi)腦血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)溢外(wai)。 對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)老(lao)年人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)來說,室(shi)(shi)溫最(zui)(zui)好保(bao)持在(zai)(zai)(zai)15℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang),睡(shui)(shui)眠(mian)時(shi)蓋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稍厚(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)點,以(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)出(chu)(chu)汗為(wei)原則;衣服不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)脫得太(tai)(tai)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)多(duo)(duo)飲(yin)(yin)茶(cha)、多(duo)(duo)喝姜液(ye)(ye)、食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)湯(tang)。多(duo)(duo)吃(chi)(chi)(chi)草菇(gu)(gu)、香菇(gu)(gu)、平(ping)菇(gu)(gu)、蘑菇(gu)(gu)等湯(tang)菜。原因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi):茶(cha)葉中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)色素(su)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)對(dui)抗纖(xian)維(wei)蛋白元(yuan)、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)小板的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘附和(he)(he)聚(ju)集(ji)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)黑木耳(er)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)含有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)妨礙血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液(ye)(ye)凝固的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)地降(jiang)(jiang)低血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液(ye)(ye)粘稠(chou)度(du)(du),防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液(ye)(ye)迅速(su)凝固。香菇(gu)(gu)等含有(you)(you)(you)(you)香菇(gu)(gu)嘌呤堿,可(ke)(ke)降(jiang)(jiang)低或(huo)抑制膽固醇吸(xi)(xi)收。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)早春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)時(shi)節(jie)(jie)寒(han)(han)冷(leng),干燥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou),會(hui)直接(jie)影響(xiang)(xiang)呼吸(xi)(xi)道(dao)(dao)粘膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)御功能(neng)(neng),全身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)也會(hui)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang),病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)菌(jun)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等致(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)會(hui)乘(cheng)虛(xu)而(er)(er)(er)入(ru),特(te)別有(you)(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)感(gan)(gan)(gan)冒(mao)(mao),流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)腦脊髓(sui)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)腮腺(xian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等傳(chuan)(chuan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)及(ji)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、傷(shang)寒(han)(han)等傳(chuan)(chuan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)傳(chuan)(chuan)播。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)學(xue)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調查資料還(huan)(huan)表明(ming),麻疹、白喉、百日(ri)咳(ke)、猩紅(hong)(hong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、肺結(jie)核等呼吸(xi)(xi)道(dao)(dao)傳(chuan)(chuan)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)率(lv),春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)他季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)節(jie)(jie)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)均說明(ming),春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)忽略了(le)(le)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)寒(han)(han),“春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)冷(leng)透骨寒(han)(han)”和(he)(he)“春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)寒(han)(han)凍(dong)死牛”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)俗(su)語(yu),非常值得人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們警(jing)惕(ti)。 六、春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)感(gan)(gan)(gan)冒(mao)(mao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。感(gan)(gan)(gan)冒(mao)(mao),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年四(si)(si)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)皆可(ke)(ke)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),但多(duo)(duo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)節(jie)(jie)當(dang)(dang)屬春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。原因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)溫暖(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)細菌(jun)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)繁(fan)殖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)節(jie)(jie)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)外(wai),春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)冷(leng)暖(nuan)(nuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)團(tuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過渡時(shi)期,北方(fang)冷(leng)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勢力(li)(li)還(huan)(huan)很(hen)強,導(dao)致(zhi)了(le)(le)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)多(duo)(duo)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)為(wei)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi),風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)為(wei)陽(yang)邪,其(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)開(kai)(kai)泄,因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邪襲人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),即(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邪與溫熱(re)(re)(re)(re)邪氣(qi)(qi)(qi)結(jie)合便成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)溫或(huo)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)邪氣(qi)(qi)(qi),感(gan)(gan)(gan)冒(mao)(mao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)感(gan)(gan)(gan)冒(mao)(mao)。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)感(gan)(gan)(gan)冒(mao)(mao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點為(wei):起(qi)(qi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)急(ji)、傳(chuan)(chuan)變(bian)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)、惡(e)寒(han)(han)輕(qing)、發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、頭痛(tong)、咳(ke)嗽(sou)痰黃、咽喉腫(zhong)痛(tong)、口(kou)渴、尿黃、舌(she)尖紅(hong)(hong)、脈浮數、在(zai)(zai)(zai)治(zhi)療(liao)上(shang)應(ying)(ying)以(yi)(yi)(yi)辛涼解表、清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)解毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)基本(ben)(ben)法(fa)則。癥(zheng)狀(zhuang)較(jiao)(jiao)輕(qing)者(zhe)(zhe),可(ke)(ke)服用(yong)(yong)(yong)羚翹解毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)丸、板蘭根沖(chong)(chong)劑(ji)、感(gan)(gan)(gan)冒(mao)(mao)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)沖(chong)(chong)劑(ji)等中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)藥。倘若(ruo)(ruo)高(gao)(gao)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)退,病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)情較(jiao)(jiao)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe),則應(ying)(ying)該在(zai)(zai)(zai)醫生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指導(dao)下(xia)治(zhi)療(liao)。預(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)方(fang)面要(yao)(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)(yi):(1)打開(kai)(kai)窗(chuang)(chuang)戶,保(bao)持居(ju)室(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)清(qing)(qing)新(xin);(2)衣服增(zeng)減(jian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)適(shi)度(du)(du),避(bi)免受涼;(3)少食(shi)(shi)肥(fei)甘厚(hou)味、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)魚(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)肉,這些(xie)食(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)消化,助(zhu)濕生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)熱(re)(re)(re)(re),濕熱(re)(re)(re)(re)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)蘊,易(yi)(yi)受外(wai)感(gan)(gan)(gan);(4)平(ping)時(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)(yi)起(qi)(qi)居(ju)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)規(gui)律,避(bi)免過度(du)(du)疲(pi)勞。
雨(yu)(yu)水位(wei)于每年正月十(shi)五前后(公(gong)歷2月18-20日),節氣時段(duan)為雨(yu)(yu)水日起,到驚蟄日前(公(gong)歷3月4-5日)結束。下(xia)面(mian)是(shi)我為大家整理(li)的雨(yu)(yu)水節氣的傳統活(huo)動及養生要點,希望能對大家有所幫助。
雨水節氣的傳統活動
一、回娘家。
出嫁的(de)女(nv)(nv)兒(er)帶著(zhu)郎君,去給(gei)岳(yue)(yue)父(fu)(fu)岳(yue)(yue)母(mu)送(song)節(jie)。送(song)節(jie)的(de)禮品(pin)則通常是(shi)兩(liang)把藤(teng)椅,上面纏著(zhu)一丈二尺長的(de)紅帶,這稱為“接壽”,意思是(shi)祝父(fu)(fu)母(mu)長命百歲(sui)。另外一個就(jiu)是(shi)“罐(guan)罐(guan)肉”:用(yong)沙(sha)鍋燉(dun)了豬腳和大豆,海帶,再(zai)用(yong)紅紙(zhi),紅繩封(feng)了罐(guan)口,給(gei)父(fu)(fu)母(mu)送(song)去。這是(shi)對辛辛苦苦將女(nv)(nv)兒(er)養育(yu)成人的(de)父(fu)(fu)母(mu)表示感(gan)謝(xie)和敬意。如果(guo)是(shi)新婚夫(fu)婦(fu),岳(yue)(yue)父(fu)(fu)岳(yue)(yue)母(mu)還要回贈雨(yu)(yu)傘(san),讓(rang)女(nv)(nv)婿出門奔波,能遮風擋(dang)雨(yu)(yu),也有祝愿(yuan)女(nv)(nv)婿人生(sheng)旅途順利平安(an)的(de)意思。
二、拉(la)保保(找干爹)。
以前人(ren)(ren)們(men)都有一個(ge)(ge)為(wei)自己兒(er)(er)女求(qiu)神問(wen)卦的(de)(de)(de)(de)習慣,看看自己兒(er)(er)女命相如何,需不需要找(zhao)個(ge)(ge)干(gan)(gan)爹(die)。而找(zhao)干(gan)(gan)爹(die)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de),則(ze)是(shi)為(wei)了(le)讓兒(er)(er)子或女兒(er)(er)順利(li),健康的(de)(de)(de)(de)成長(chang)(chang)。雨(yu)水節拉(la)干(gan)(gan)爹(die),意(yi)取“雨(yu)露滋潤易生長(chang)(chang)”之意(yi)。特(te)別是(shi)在(zai)川西的(de)(de)(de)(de)民間,這天有個(ge)(ge)特(te)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)拉(la)干(gan)(gan)爹(die)的(de)(de)(de)(de)場所。這天不管天晴下雨(yu),要拉(la)干(gan)(gan)爹(die)的(de)(de)(de)(de)父母手提裝好(hao)酒菜(cai)香蠟紙錢(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)篼篼、帶著(zhu)孩子在(zai)人(ren)(ren)群中穿來穿去(qu)找(zhao)準干(gan)(gan)爹(die)。如果(guo)希(xi)望孩子長(chang)(chang)大有知(zhi)識就拉(la)一個(ge)(ge)文(wen)人(ren)(ren)做(zuo)干(gan)(gan)爹(die);如果(guo)孩子身體瘦(shou)弱(ruo)就拉(la)一個(ge)(ge)身材(cai)高大強(qiang)壯(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)作干(gan)(gan)爹(die)。一旦有人(ren)(ren)被拉(la)著(zhu)當“干(gan)(gan)爹(die)”,有的(de)(de)(de)(de)能掙掉就跑了(le),有的(de)(de)(de)(de)扯(che)也(ye)扯(che)不脫身,大多(duo)都會爽快的(de)(de)(de)(de)答應,也(ye)就認為(wei)這是(shi)別人(ren)(ren)信任自己,因而自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)命運(yun)也(ye)會好(hao)起來的(de)(de)(de)(de)。
三、占稻色
占稻(dao)色(se),就是通過(guo)爆炒糯(nuo)谷(gu)(gu)米(mi)花(hua),來(lai)(lai)占卜當年稻(dao)谷(gu)(gu)收(shou)獲(huo)的(de)豐歉(qian)。“成色(se)”的(de)好壞,就看爆出(chu)(chu)的(de)糯(nuo)米(mi)花(hua)多少,爆出(chu)(chu)來(lai)(lai)白花(hua)花(hua)的(de)糯(nuo)米(mi)越(yue)多,則是收(shou)成越(yue)好;而爆出(chu)(chu)來(lai)(lai)的(de)米(mi)花(hua)越(yue)少,則意味(wei)著(zhu)收(shou)成不好,米(mi)價(jia)將貴。
四、送雨水
四川成(cheng)都東山客(ke)家雨(yu)(yu)水節上,有個民(min)俗是(shi)女兒(er)給(gei)父母、女婿(xu)給(gei)岳(yue)(yue)父母送節。女婿(xu)送節的禮品通常是(shi)一丈二尺長的紅(hong)棉帶,稱為“接壽”,祈求岳(yue)(yue)父母長命百歲。女兒(er)則是(shi)燉(dun)了豬腳、雞湯,用(yong)紅(hong)紙、紅(hong)繩封了罐口(kou),由女婿(xu)給(gei)岳(yue)(yue)父母送去。這是(shi)女婿(xu)對辛(xin)苦將女兒(er)養育成(cheng)人的岳(yue)(yue)父母表示感恩。如(ru)果是(shi)新婚女婿(xu)送節,岳(yue)(yue)父母還要回贈雨(yu)(yu)傘(san),女婿(xu)出門奔波可以遮風擋雨(yu)(yu),祝福(fu)女婿(xu)人生旅途順利平(ping)安。
五、接壽
在我國有些地區,雨(yu)水(shui)這一(yi)天(tian)女婿、女兒(er)要去給(gei)岳(yue)父岳(yue)母送(song)節(jie)。送(song)禮的禮品(pin)通常是(shi)(shi)一(yi)丈二(er)尺長(chang)的紅棉帶,這稱為“接壽(shou)”,意思是(shi)(shi)希望岳(yue)父岳(yue)母“壽(shou)緣” 長(chang),長(chang)命百(bai)歲。
雨水養生要點
一、注意預防(fang)倒(dao)春寒引起的疾病
氣(qi)(qi)象醫學(xue)家解釋,暖(nuan)冬氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)使得大(da)地水(shui)分(fen)蒸發(fa)快,氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)變(bian)得異(yi)常干(gan)燥(zao)(zao),人(ren)體容(rong)易出現口干(gan)舌燥(zao)(zao)、嗓子疼(teng)、流鼻血、眼(yan)發(fa)澀、皮膚(fu)干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)和(he)發(fa)癢等(deng)(deng)癥狀,加之干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)會大(da)大(da)削(xue)弱人(ren)體上呼吸道的(de)(de)防(fang)御功能(neng),從而誘發(fa)各種呼吸道疾病,如流感、肺炎、哮喘等(deng)(deng)。忽(hu)冷(leng)忽(hu)熱的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)還易使兒童遭受“倒春寒”之苦,感染百日咳(ke)、麻疹(zhen)、猩(xing)紅熱等(deng)(deng)疾病。
養生專家提(ti)醒(xing),雨(yu)水(shui)期間要注(zhu)意“倒(dao)春寒”現(xian)象。雨(yu)水(shui)之后空氣(qi)中水(shui)分增加,導致氣(qi)溫不僅偏低(di),而且寒中有濕。這種濕寒的氣(qi)候對人體內臟和關節有一定的影響。因此,市民應該(gai)注(zhu)意身體保健(jian),避(bi)免在這個時候招(zhao)病。
需(xu)要提醒的(de)是,市民不要過早減(jian)去外(wai)(wai)衣(yi),應多捂一段時(shi)間,以緩慢調整身(shen)(shen)體的(de)陰(yin)陽平衡,適(shi)應新的(de)氣候(hou)條件(jian)。由于春氣涌動(dong),身(shen)(shen)體偏(pian)熱的(de)人(ren)容(rong)易出汗,這時(shi)候(hou)脫衣(yi)服(fu)(fu)容(rong)易著涼(liang)(liang),不減(jian)衣(yi)服(fu)(fu)悶熱難受。養(yang)生專家建議,體熱的(de)市民出門(men)在外(wai)(wai)可多帶一件(jian)輕便的(de)衣(yi)服(fu)(fu),避免著涼(liang)(liang)。“因(yin)為春季體熱外(wai)(wai)泄,濕寒交換于內(nei)(nei),容(rong)易傷骨(gu)關節致病。尤其(qi)是一些年輕人(ren),自恃身(shen)(shen)體好,卻不知道這些疾病會一直潛(qian)伏(fu)體內(nei)(nei),年老時(shi)聚積爆發。”
二、對于年(nian)老體弱者,春季不宜用冷水
按(an)中國(guo)五行學說,水(shui)(shui)對應腎,腎主骨。盡(jin)管養生道上有種說法,稱常年用冷水(shui)(shui)洗臉可以起到保健的(de)作用。但在(zai)雨水(shui)(shui)時節,年老體弱(ruo)者若(ruo)用冷水(shui)(shui)洗臉、洗手,濕(shi)寒很容易侵入關節,加之沒有充(chong)足的(de)陽氣驅寒于外,濕(shi)寒滯留(liu)在(zai)手上,就(jiu)容易酸痛,重則(ze)變形,濕(shi)寒滯留(liu)在(zai)頭上就(jiu)容易出現疼痛等癥狀。
另(ling)外,在春(chun)季時(shi)期,濕冷(leng)(leng)猶存,洗(xi)頭(tou)(tou)后應該(gai)及時(shi)用風(feng)筒吹干。否(fou)則,水濕留于(yu)發(fa)(fa)際(ji)再(zai)變(bian)涼,很容(rong)易使濕寒聚于(yu)頭(tou)(tou),由表(biao)及里(li)深入(ru)顱內,導致頭(tou)(tou)痛。尤(you)其是洗(xi)完頭(tou)(tou)就趕著出(chu)去,毛發(fa)(fa)未干又被冷(leng)(leng)風(feng)吹過,很容(rong)易出(chu)現(xian)“偏頭(tou)(tou)風(feng)”的癥狀。
三、暖濕天氣注意脾胃(wei)氣滯(zhi)
雨水時節(jie),養生應該著重強調(diao)“調(diao)養脾(pi)胃(wei)”。中醫認為,脾(pi)胃(wei)為“后(hou)天之(zhi)本(ben)”,“氣血生化之(zhi)源”,脾(pi)胃(wei)的強弱是決定(ding)人之(zhi)壽夭的重要因(yin)素。
據養(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)專家介紹,五(wu)行學說(shuo)中對人體五(wu)臟的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)功能(neng)解釋(shi)是:肝(gan)屬木(mu)(mu),木(mu)(mu)性可(ke)曲可(ke)直,條順(shun)暢達(da),有生(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)的(de)特性,因(yin)(yin)此“肝(gan)喜條達(da)而惡抑郁”,有疏(shu)泄的(de)功能(neng)。脾(pi)(pi)(胃(wei))屬土(tu),土(tu)性敦(dun)厚,有生(sheng)(sheng)化萬物的(de)特性,脾(pi)(pi)又有消化水谷(gu),運送精微(wei),營養(yang)(yang)五(wu)臟六腑(fu)、四肢(zhi)百骸(hai)的(de)功效,為氣(qi)血生(sheng)(sheng)化之(zhi)源。也(ye)就是說(shuo)由于肝(gan)木(mu)(mu)疏(shu)泄太過,則脾(pi)(pi)胃(wei)因(yin)(yin)之(zhi)而氣(qi)虛;若肝(gan)氣(qi)郁結太甚,則脾(pi)(pi)胃(wei)因(yin)(yin)之(zhi)而氣(qi)滯。兩者都是肝(gan)木(mu)(mu)克脾(pi)(pi)土(tu)。所(suo)以,春季養(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)中既要注(zhu)意春季陽氣(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)的(de)特點,扶(fu)助陽氣(qi),又要避免傷(shang)及脾(pi)(pi)胃(wei)。
在中(zhong)醫上,脾(pi)(pi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)益氣化生營血之功效。人(ren)體機(ji)能(neng)活動(dong)的物質基礎,氣血、津液等都化生于脾(pi)(pi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)。脾(pi)(pi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)健旺,化源充足,臟腑(fu)功能(neng)才能(neng)強盛;脾(pi)(pi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)又(you)是氣機(ji)升降運動(dong)的樞紐,脾(pi)(pi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)協調(diao),可促進(jin)和調(diao)節(jie)機(ji)體新陳(chen)代謝,保證生命活動(dong)的協調(diao)平衡。如何(he)協調(diao)脾(pi)(pi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)?除了保持一定的運動(dong)量外,飲食(shi)調(diao)整很(hen)重要。
首先平時喝水(shui)盡量喝溫水(shui)。一些人在春(chun)季容易出現所謂(wei)的上(shang)火癥狀,不宜輕易飲用涼茶,以免(mian)導(dao)致虛(xu)火更甚(shen)。另外(wai)(wai),注意食物清潔與保鮮,避(bi)免(mian)出現腹瀉等問題。這時候不可以盲目進補,避(bi)免(mian)助(zhu)陽(yang)外(wai)(wai)泄(xie),肝(gan)木(mu)生(sheng)發(fa)太過,克傷脾(pi)(pi)土,同時避(bi)免(mian)因肥甘厚味(wei)滋膩脾(pi)(pi)胃(wei),肝(gan)郁(yu)脾(pi)(pi)虛(xu),脾(pi)(pi)失(shi)健運(yun),造成水(shui)濕(shi)不化、聚(ju)濕(shi)生(sheng)痰、助(zhu)長(chang)濕(shi)滯,導(dao)致一系(xi)列的脾(pi)(pi)胃(wei)問題。
四、飲食以平性為宜
雨水(shui)時節氣候轉(zhuan)暖,但又風(feng)多物燥,常常會出現(xian)口舌干(gan)燥、嘴唇(chun)干(gan)裂等現(xian)象(xiang),因此(ci)應(ying)該多吃新鮮蔬菜、多汁(zhi)水(shui)果以(yi)補充人體水(shui)分。由于(yu)春(chun)季(ji)為萬物生發的(de)開始(shi),陽氣發越(yue)的(de)季(ji)節,應(ying)少食(shi)油膩之物,以(yi)免(mian)助(zhu)陽外泄。所以(yi),春(chun)季(ji)飲食(shi)應(ying)少吃酸味(wei),多吃甜味(wei),以(yi)養脾臟(zang)。可選擇韭菜、香(xiang)椿、百合、豌豆苗、茼蒿、薺(qi)菜、春(chun)筍、山藥(yao)、藕、芋頭(tou)、蘿卜、荸薺(qi)、甘蔗(zhe)等。
食(shi)物以(yi)(yi)平性(xing)為(wei)宜。“倒春寒”容易使人(ren)內臟(zang)(zang)郁(yu)熱(re)(re),因此不宜吃(chi)燥熱(re)(re)食(shi)物“火上(shang)澆油”。郁(yu)熱(re)(re)使人(ren)“貪涼”,過于食(shi)涼,又會“同氣相求”使濕寒傷(shang)及(ji)臟(zang)(zang)腑,引起胃寒、胃涼、腹(fu)瀉之類(lei)的(de)失衡癥狀。所以(yi)(yi),飲食(shi)保持中庸(yong),吃(chi)熱(re)(re)飯熱(re)(re)菜(cai),慎(shen)吃(chi)辣椒、白酒等性(xing)溫(wen)、性(xing)熱(re)(re)的(de)食(shi)物為(wei)宜。
由于春季為萬物生發(fa)的開始(shi),陽(yang)氣發(fa)越的季節,這時候(hou)可多食(shi)紅棗、淮山、蓮子、韭菜、菠菜、柑橘(ju)、蜂蜜、甘蔗等(deng)食(shi)物,但避免助(zhu)陽(yang)外(wai)泄,否則(ze)肝木生發(fa)太過會(hui)克傷脾土。
另外(wai),這個(ge)節氣(qi)以粥為(wei)好,如蓮子粥、淮山粥、紅棗粥等(deng),當然(ran),廣東人的(de)(de)食療多以湯(tang)(tang)(tang)為(wei)主,這也(ye)是不錯的(de)(de)選擇(ze),如猴頭菇煲(bao)鮮雞湯(tang)(tang)(tang)、云苓淮山煲(bao)瘦豬(zhu)肉湯(tang)(tang)(tang)、菠菜滾牛肉片湯(tang)(tang)(tang)、淮山北芪(qi)豬(zhu)橫脷湯(tang)(tang)(tang)等(deng),而健胃養脾的(de)(de)湯(tang)(tang)(tang)有冬蟲夏草燉(dun)水鴨、眉豆花生燉(dun)雞腳、杞子淮山燉(dun)豬(zhu)筆肉等(deng)。
據介紹,用中(zhong)藥材調(diao)(diao)養時要考慮脾胃功(gong)能的(de)(de)特點,如(ru)用生發陽(yang)氣之法來(lai)調(diao)(diao)補脾胃,可選用西洋(yang)參(can)、沙參(can)、決(jue)明子、白(bai)菊花(hua)等(deng)。雨(yu)水時節,人(ren)體的(de)(de)肝(gan)陽(yang)、肝(gan)火(huo)、肝(gan)風會隨著春季的(de)(de)陽(yang)氣而上升,所以更應特別注意肝(gan)氣的(de)(de)疏泄條達。
雨水節氣的天氣變化
雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)節氣(qi)(qi)(qi)意(yi)味著進入氣(qi)(qi)(qi)象意(yi)義(yi)的春天(tian)。“雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)”過后,中(zhong)國大部(bu)分地(di)區(qu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)回升到(dao)0℃以(yi)(yi)上,黃淮(huai)平(ping)原(yuan)日平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)已達3℃左右,江(jiang)南平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)在5℃上下(xia),華(hua)南氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)在10℃以(yi)(yi)上,而(er)華(hua)北地(di)區(qu)平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)仍在0℃以(yi)(yi)下(xia)。雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)前后,油菜、冬麥普遍返青生長,對(dui)水(shui)(shui)分的要求(qiu)較高。“
春(chun)雨貴如(ru)油”,這時適宜(yi)的降(jiang)水對作物(wu)的生長(chang)特別(bie)重要(yao)。而華北、西(xi)北以(yi)及黃淮(huai)地(di)區這時降(jiang)水量一(yi)般較少,常(chang)不能滿足農業生產的需要(yao)。若早春(chun)少雨,雨水前后及時春(chun)灌,可取(qu)得最好的經(jing)濟(ji)效益。
淮河以(yi)(yi)南地區,則以(yi)(yi)加強中耕鋤地為主,同時搞好田間(jian)清溝瀝水,以(yi)(yi)防(fang)春雨(yu)過(guo)多,導致濕害(hai)爛根。俗話(hua)說:“麥(mai)澆芽,菜澆花(hua)”,對起苔的油菜要及時追施(shi)苔花(hua)肥,以(yi)(yi)爭莢(jia)多粒(li)重(zhong)。華(hua)南雙(shuang)季(ji)早稻(dao)育秧已經(jing)開始,應注意(yi)抓住“冷尾(wei)暖頭(tou)”,搶(qiang)晴播種,力爭一(yi)播全苗。
清明過后“倒春寒”,除了春捂,還要記得做3件事,受益一整年。
清明過(guo)(guo)后,有(you)非常明顯的(de)(de)氣候變(bian)化,那(nei)就(jiu)是(shi)“倒(dao)春寒(han)(han)(han)”,民(min)間老(lao)話說過(guo)(guo):清明過(guo)(guo)后寒(han)(han)(han)十天(tian),意(yi)思也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)說在清明過(guo)(guo)后十天(tian)左右,時(shi)常還(huan)會(hui)突然受較強冷空氣的(de)(de)影響而導致劇烈(lie)降溫(wen),讓人(ren)感覺又像回(hui)到了冬(dong)天(tian),這也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)所(suo)謂的(de)(de)倒(dao)春寒(han)(han)(han)。在這“倒(dao)春寒(han)(han)(han)”的(de)(de)日子里,首先要春捂防寒(han)(han)(han),要不然會(hui)有(you)很(hen)多(duo)疾病悄然上身,所(suo)以一(yi)定要提前做好對疾病的(de)(de)防范。
老人(ren)們常(chang)說:“春(chun)天(tian)孩兒臉,一(yi)天(tian)變(bian)三(san)變(bian)”。由此(ci)看來(lai)預(yu)(yu)防(fang)“倒春(chun)寒(han)(han)”一(yi)定不能小覷,只有(you)提前預(yu)(yu)防(fang)倒春(chun)寒(han)(han),才(cai)能讓身(shen)(shen)體受益(yi)一(yi)整(zheng)年(nian)。我們都知道倒春(chun)寒(han)(han)一(yi)定要做好春(chun)捂(wu),春(chun)捂(wu)的要點是“下厚(hou)上薄”,捂(wu)好背、腹、足(zu)底。但是除了春(chun)捂(wu),還要記得(de)做3件事,安穩度過(guo)“倒春(chun)寒(han)(han)”,身(shen)(shen)體受益(yi)一(yi)整(zheng)年(nian)。
做3事
一、多伸伸懶腰
倒春寒最不起眼的(de)一(yi)項(xiang)運動就是(shi)要多(duo)伸(shen)伸(shen)懶腰,并且它是(shi)最簡(jian)單最 養(yang)生 的(de)動作,在(zai)這個乍暖還(huan)寒的(de)季節,多(duo)伸(shen)伸(shen)懶腰能疏(shu)發(fa)陽(yang)氣,疏(shu)通(tong)心(xin)肺,對(dui)于(yu)緩解四肢是(shi)絕對(dui)有好處(chu)的(de)。這個伸(shen)懶腰看似(si)簡(jian)單,其實在(zai)做(zuo)的(de)時候,一(yi)定要使身(shen)體盡量舒展,四肢伸(shen)直,全身(shen)肌肉都要用力。
二、防止感冒
清明過(guo)后氣(qi)候變化(hua)無(wu)常(chang),驟然生降,此(ci)時人(ren)體(ti)最容易受(shou)到(dao)感冒(mao)。雖說感冒(mao)對于大家來說早已(yi)習以為常(chang),尤其是在這(zhe)(zhe)關(guan)鍵(jian)時期,不知不覺就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)染上(shang)感冒(mao),導致有(you)(you)病亂投(tou)醫(yi)。所(suo)以這(zhe)(zhe)里特別提醒(xing)一下老年(nian)人(ren)和孩子(zi),一定要(yao)提前(qian)開始預防感冒(mao),避免吹(chui)風受(shou)寒(han)(han)感冒(mao),還有(you)(you)就(jiu)(jiu)是不要(yao)急(ji)于脫(tuo)掉防寒(han)(han)衣物。如果是在倒(dao)春寒(han)(han)而(er)引(yin)起的感冒(mao),前(qian)前(qian)后后就(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)折(zhe)騰(teng)一星(xing)期,這(zhe)(zhe)樣就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)導致一整年(nian)的身體(ti)素質很(hen)差。
三、調整作息
在這個(ge)(ge)變臉如(ru)變天(tian)的(de)(de)季(ji)節里,人們也應順應自然界的(de)(de)規律,早(zao)睡早(zao)起。尤其是一(yi)(yi)些身(shen)體素質弱和作息不(bu)規律的(de)(de)人群來說(shuo),這倒(dao)春(chun)寒(han)這個(ge)(ge)特殊時期(qi),更要合理調整自己的(de)(de)作息問(wen)題(ti)。因為在一(yi)(yi)年四季(ji)中,只有(you)春(chun)季(ji)的(de)(de)早(zao)晚溫(wen)差(cha)變化(hua)最大,在這個(ge)(ge)時候如(ru)果(guo)你的(de)(de)作息不(bu)規律,疾病就(jiu)會迅速(su)向你的(de)(de)身(shen)體發出信(xin)號。所以一(yi)(yi)定要調整作息,這樣身(shen)體才能(neng)安穩(wen)度(du)過“倒(dao)春(chun)寒(han)”。
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