簡介

《孟子》：《孟子》是記載孟子及其學生言行的一部書。

孟子(zi)(zi)（約前372-前289），名軻，字(zi)子(zi)(zi)輿，戰國(guo)(guo)中期(qi)鄒國(guo)(guo)（今山東(dong)鄒縣(xian)東(dong)南人），離(li)孔子(zi)(zi)的故(gu)鄉曲阜不遠。

孟(meng)子是著名的思想家(jia)、政治家(jia)、教(jiao)育(yu)家(jia)，孔子學(xue)說的繼承者。

到南宋孝宗(zong)時，朱熹編《四書(shu)》列入(ru)了《孟(meng)子》，正(zheng)式把《孟(meng)子》提到了非(fei)常高的(de)地位。元(yuan)、明以后又成為(wei)科舉考試的(de)內容，更是讀書(shu)人的(de)必讀書(shu)了。

《孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)》是記載孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)及其學(xue)生(sheng)言行(xing)的一(yi)(yi)部(bu)書。和孔子(zi)(zi)一(yi)(yi)樣，孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)也曾(ceng)帶領(ling)學(xue)生(sheng)游歷魏(wei)、齊(qi)、宋、魯(lu)、滕(teng)、薛等國，并一(yi)(yi)度擔任過齊(qi)宣王(wang)的客卿。

由(you)于孟(meng)子的政(zheng)治主張也(ye)與(yu)孔子的一樣不被重(zhong)用，所以便回到(dao)家(jia)鄉聚(ju)徒講(jiang)學(xue)(xue)，與(yu)學(xue)(xue)生萬(wan)章等人著(zhu)書(shu)立說(shuo)，“序《詩》《書(shu)》，述仲(zhong)尼之意，作《孟(meng)子》七篇。”（《史記(ji)·孟(meng)子荀卿列傳》）趙岐(qi)在《孟(meng)子題辭》中把《孟(meng)子》與(yu)《論(lun)語(yu)》相比,認為《孟(meng)子》是“擬(ni)圣而作”。

所以，盡管《漢(han)書·藝文志(zhi)》僅(jin)僅(jin)把《孟子》放在諸子略中，視為子書，但實(shi)際上在漢(han)代(dai)人的(de)心目中已經把它看作輔(fu)助(zhu)“經書”的(de)“傳”書了。

漢(han)文帝把(ba)《論語》、《孝經》、《 孟子》、《爾雅》各置博(bo)士，便叫“傳(chuan)記博(bo)士”。

到五代后蜀時，后蜀主孟昶命(ming)令人(ren)楷書十一經(jing)刻石，其中包括了《孟子》，這可能(neng)是《孟子》列入(ru)“經(jing)書”的開始(shi)。

到(dao)(dao)南宋孝宗時，朱(zhu)熹(xi)編《四書》列(lie)入(ru)了《孟(meng)子(zi)》，正式把(ba)《孟(meng)子(zi)》提到(dao)(dao)了非常(chang)高的地位。

史記中的孟子其人

史(shi)記列(lie)傳曰(yue)(yue)：“孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)軻(ke)，趙(zhao)氏曰(yue)(yue)：“孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，魯(lu)公族孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)孫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后。”漢書(shu)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)：“字(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)車。”一說：“字(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)輿。”騶(zou)人也(ye)(ye)，騶(zou)亦(yi)(yi)作(zuo)鄒，本邾國也(ye)(ye)。受業(ye)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)思(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)門人。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)思(si)，孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孫，名急。索(suo)隱云(yun)：“王(wang)(wang)劭(shao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人為衍字(zi)。”而(er)(er)趙(zhao)氏注(zhu)(zhu)及孔叢(cong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)等書(shu)亦(yi)(yi)皆云(yun)：“孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)親受業(ye)于(yu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)思(si)。”未知是否？道既通，趙(zhao)氏曰(yue)(yue)：“孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)通五經(jing)，尤長于(yu)詩書(shu)。”程子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：“孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：‘可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)仕則(ze)(ze)仕，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)止(zhi)則(ze)(ze)止(zhi)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)久則(ze)(ze)久，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)速則(ze)(ze)速。’‘孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)圣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。’故知易者(zhe)莫(mo)如(ru)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。又(you)曰(yue)(yue)：‘王(wang)(wang)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)跡熄而(er)(er)詩亡，詩亡然后春秋作(zuo)。’又(you)曰(yue)(yue)：‘春秋無(wu)義(yi)戰。’又(you)曰(yue)(yue)：‘春秋天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)’，故知春秋者(zhe)莫(mo)如(ru)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。”尹氏曰(yue)(yue)：“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此而(er)(er)言(yan)，則(ze)(ze)趙(zhao)氏謂孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)長于(yu)詩書(shu)而(er)(er)已，豈知孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)哉？”游事(shi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)宣(xuan)(xuan)王(wang)(wang)，宣(xuan)(xuan)王(wang)(wang)不能用。適(shi)梁(liang)(liang)，梁(liang)(liang)惠王(wang)(wang)不果所言(yan)，則(ze)(ze)見(jian)(jian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為迂遠而(er)(er)闊于(yu)事(shi)情。按(an)史(shi)記：“梁(liang)(liang)惠王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)十(shi)五年(nian)乙酉，孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)始至梁(liang)(liang)。其(qi)后二十(shi)三(san)年(nian)，當齊(qi)(qi)(qi)愍(min)(min)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)年(nian)丁(ding)未，齊(qi)(qi)(qi)人伐(fa)燕(yan)，而(er)(er)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)在齊(qi)(qi)(qi)。”故古(gu)史(shi)謂“孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)先事(shi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)宣(xuan)(xuan)王(wang)(wang)后乃(nai)見(jian)(jian)梁(liang)(liang)惠王(wang)(wang)、襄(xiang)王(wang)(wang)、齊(qi)(qi)(qi)愍(min)(min)王(wang)(wang)。”獨孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)伐(fa)燕(yan)為宣(xuan)(xuan)王(wang)(wang)時事(shi)，與(yu)史(shi)記、荀(xun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)等書(shu)皆不合。而(er)(er)通鑒以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)伐(fa)燕(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歲(sui)，為宣(xuan)(xuan)王(wang)(wang)十(shi)九年(nian)，則(ze)(ze)是孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)先游梁(liang)(liang)而(er)(er)后至齊(qi)(qi)(qi)見(jian)(jian)宣(xuan)(xuan)王(wang)(wang)矣。然考異亦(yi)(yi)無(wu)他據，又(you)未知孰是也(ye)(ye)。當是之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，秦用商(shang)鞅，楚魏(wei)用吳起，齊(qi)(qi)(qi)用孫子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、田忌(ji)。天下方務于(yu)合從連衡(heng)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)攻伐(fa)為賢。而(er)(er)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)軻(ke)乃(nai)述唐、虞(yu)、三(san)代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德，是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)所如(ru)者(zhe)不合。退(tui)而(er)(er)與(yu)萬(wan)章之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒序詩書(shu)，述仲尼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，作(zuo)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)七篇。”趙(zhao)氏曰(yue)(yue)：“凡二百(bai)六(liu)十(shi)一章，三(san)萬(wan)四千六(liu)百(bai)八十(shi)五字(zi)。”韓子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：“孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)軻(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)，非軻(ke)自著。軻(ke)既沒，其(qi)徒萬(wan)章、公孫丑相(xiang)與(yu)記軻(ke)所言(yan)焉耳。”愚按(an)：二說不同，史(shi)記近是。

韓(han)子(zi)曰：“堯以是傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之舜，舜以是傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之禹(yu)，禹(yu)以是傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之湯(tang)(tang)，湯(tang)(tang)以是傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之文(wen)(wen)、武、周(zhou)(zhou)公，文(wen)(wen)、武、周(zhou)(zhou)公傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之孔子(zi)，孔子(zi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之孟軻，軻之死(si)不得其傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)焉。荀(xun)與揚也，擇(ze)焉而不精，語焉而不詳。”程子(zi)曰“韓(han)子(zi)此語，非(fei)是蹈襲前人(ren)，又非(fei)鑿空撰得出，必有所見。若無所見，不知言所傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)者何事。”

又曰：“孟氏(shi)醇(chun)乎醇(chun)者也。荀(xun)與揚，大醇(chun)而小疵。”程子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰“韓子(zi)(zi)(zi)論孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)甚善。非(fei)(fei)見得孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)意，亦道不到(dao)。其論荀(xun)揚則非(fei)(fei)也。荀(xun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)極偏(pian)駁(bo)，只一句(ju)性(xing)惡，大本已失。揚子(zi)(zi)(zi)雖少過，然亦不識(shi)性(xing)，更說甚道。”

又曰：“孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)大而(er)能(neng)博(bo)，門弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)能(neng)遍(bian)觀(guan)而(er)盡識也(ye)，故學(xue)焉(yan)而(er)皆(jie)得其性之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)近(jin)。其后離散(san)，分處(chu)諸侯之(zhi)(zhi)國，又各以(yi)其所(suo)(suo)能(neng)授弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)，源遠(yuan)而(er)末益分。惟孟軻師(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)思(si)，而(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)思(si)之(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)出于曾(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。自孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)沒，獨(du)孟軻氏之(zhi)(zhi)傳得其宗。故求觀(guan)圣人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)者，必自孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)始。”程子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰：“孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)言參也(ye)魯。然顏子(zi)(zi)(zi)沒后，終得圣人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)者，曾(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)。觀(guan)其啟手足時之(zhi)(zhi)言，可以(yi)見矣(yi)。所(suo)(suo)傳者子(zi)(zi)(zi)思(si)、孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)，皆(jie)其學(xue)也(ye)。”

又曰：“揚子(zi)云曰：‘古者楊(yang)墨塞路(lu)，孟子(zi)辭而(er)(er)(er)辟之(zhi)，廓如(ru)也。’夫楊(yang)墨行，正道廢(fei)。孟子(zi)雖賢圣(sheng)，不得位。空言無施，雖切(qie)何補。然賴(lai)其言，而(er)(er)(er)今之(zhi)學者尚知宗(zong)孔(kong)氏(shi)(shi)，崇(chong)仁義，貴(gui)王賤霸(ba)而(er)(er)(er)已。其大經大法，皆亡滅而(er)(er)(er)不救，壞爛而(er)(er)(er)不收。所(suo)謂存(cun)十一于千(qian)百，安(an)在(zai)其能廓如(ru)也？然向無孟氏(shi)(shi)，則皆服左衽而(er)(er)(er)言侏離矣。故愈(yu)嘗(chang)推尊孟氏(shi)(shi)，以為功不在(zai)禹下(xia)者，為此(ci)也。”

或問于程子(zi)曰：“孟子(zi)還可謂圣(sheng)人(ren)否？”程子(zi)曰：“未(wei)敢便(bian)道他是圣(sheng)人(ren)，然(ran)學已到至(zhi)處。”愚按(an)：至(zhi)字，恐(kong)當(dang)作圣(sheng)字。

程子(zi)又曰：“孟子(zi)有功于(yu)圣門，不可(ke)勝言。仲尼只說一個仁字，孟子(zi)開(kai)口便說仁義(yi)。仲尼只說一個志，孟子(zi)便說許多(duo)養氣(qi)出來。只此二字，其(qi)功甚多(duo)。”

又曰：“孟子有大(da)功于世，以其言性善也(ye)。”

又曰：“孟(meng)子性善、養氣之論，皆前圣(sheng)所未發。”

又(you)曰：“學(xue)者全要識時。若(ruo)不識時，不足(zu)以言(yan)學(xue)。顏子(zi)陋巷自樂，以有孔子(zi)在焉。若(ruo)孟子(zi)之(zhi)時，世既無(wu)人(ren)，安可不以道自任。”

又曰(yue)(yue)：“孟子(zi)有(you)(you)(you)些(xie)英氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。纔(cai)有(you)(you)(you)英氣(qi)(qi)(qi)，便有(you)(you)(you)圭角，英氣(qi)(qi)(qi)甚害事。如顏子(zi)便渾厚不同(tong)，顏子(zi)去圣人只豪發(fa)閑(xian)。孟子(zi)大賢(xian)，亞圣之(zhi)次(ci)也。”或曰(yue)(yue)：“英氣(qi)(qi)(qi)見(jian)于甚處？”曰(yue)(yue)：“但以孔子(zi)之(zhi)言比之(zhi)，便可(ke)見(jian)。且如冰與水精非不光(guang)(guang)。比之(zhi)玉(yu)，自(zi)是有(you)(you)(you)溫潤含蓄氣(qi)(qi)(qi)象，無許多光(guang)(guang)耀(yao)也。”

楊氏曰(yue)：“孟子一(yi)書，只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)要正(zheng)(zheng)人(ren)心(xin)，教人(ren)存心(xin)養(yang)性(xing)，收(shou)其(qi)(qi)(qi)放心(xin)。至論(lun)(lun)仁、義、禮(li)、智，則(ze)(ze)(ze)以惻隱、善惡、辭(ci)讓(rang)、是(shi)(shi)(shi)非(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)端。論(lun)(lun)邪(xie)說之(zhi)(zhi)害，則(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)：‘生于其(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)，害于其(qi)(qi)(qi)政。’論(lun)(lun)事(shi)君(jun)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)曰(yue)：‘格君(jun)心(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)’，‘一(yi)正(zheng)(zheng)君(jun)而國(guo)定’。千(qian)變萬化，只(zhi)說從心(xin)上來。人(ren)能正(zheng)(zheng)心(xin)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)事(shi)無(wu)足為(wei)者(zhe)矣。大學(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)修身(shen)、齊家、治國(guo)、平天(tian)(tian)下，其(qi)(qi)(qi)本只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)正(zheng)(zheng)心(xin)、誠意而已(yi)。心(xin)得其(qi)(qi)(qi)正(zheng)(zheng)，然后知性(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)善。故孟子遇人(ren)便(bian)道性(xing)善。歐陽永叔(shu)卻言‘圣人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)教人(ren)，性(xing)非(fei)所(suo)先’，可謂(wei)(wei)誤矣。人(ren)性(xing)上不(bu)可添一(yi)物(wu)，堯舜所(suo)以為(wei)萬世(shi)法，亦是(shi)(shi)(shi)率(lv)性(xing)而已(yi)。所(suo)謂(wei)(wei)率(lv)性(xing)，循(xun)天(tian)(tian)理是(shi)(shi)(shi)也。外邊用計用數，假饒立(li)得功業，只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)欲(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)私。與圣賢作處(chu)，天(tian)(tian)地(di)懸隔。”

正文

孟子卷一

　梁惠王章句上

凡七章。
孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)見梁(liang)(liang)惠王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。梁(liang)(liang)惠王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，魏侯(hou)(hou)罃也(ye)(ye)(ye)。都大(da)梁(liang)(liang)，僭(jian)稱王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，溢曰(yue)惠。史(shi)記：“惠王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)三十五年，卑禮(li)厚幣以(yi)(yi)(yi)招(zhao)賢者(zhe)，而(er)(er)(er)孟(meng)軻至(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)(liang)。”王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)：“叟(sou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)遠(yuan)千(qian)(qian)里而(er)(er)(er)來，亦將(jiang)有(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)吾(wu)國(guo)(guo)乎？”叟(sou)，長(chang)老(lao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)所(suo)(suo)謂利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，蓋富國(guo)(guo)強兵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)對曰(yue)：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)何(he)必(bi)(bi)曰(yue)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)？亦有(you)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)義(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)已(yi)矣。仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)，心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)、愛(ai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理。義(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)，心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制、事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜也(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)二句乃一章之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)指，下(xia)(xia)文(wen)乃詳言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。后多(duo)(duo)放(fang)此(ci)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)‘何(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)吾(wu)國(guo)(guo)’？大(da)夫(fu)曰(yue)‘何(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)吾(wu)家’？士(shi)庶人曰(yue)‘何(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)吾(wu)身’？上(shang)下(xia)(xia)交征利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)而(er)(er)(er)國(guo)(guo)危(wei)矣。萬(wan)乘(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)弒(shi)其(qi)君者(zhe)，必(bi)(bi)千(qian)(qian)乘(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家；千(qian)(qian)乘(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)弒(shi)其(qi)君者(zhe)，必(bi)(bi)百乘(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家。萬(wan)取(qu)千(qian)(qian)焉(yan)，千(qian)(qian)取(qu)百焉(yan)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)多(duo)(duo)矣。茍為(wei)(wei)后義(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)先利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)奪(duo)(duo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)饜(yan)。乘(cheng)，去聲(sheng)。饜(yan)，于艷反。此(ci)言(yan)(yan)求(qiu)(qiu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害，以(yi)(yi)(yi)明(ming)(ming)上(shang)文(wen)何(he)必(bi)(bi)曰(yue)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。征，取(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。上(shang)取(qu)乎下(xia)(xia)，下(xia)(xia)取(qu)乎上(shang)，故(gu)曰(yue)交征。國(guo)(guo)危(wei)，謂將(jiang)有(you)弒(shi)奪(duo)(duo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禍(huo)。乘(cheng)，車(che)數也(ye)(ye)(ye)。萬(wan)乘(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)者(zhe)，天(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)畿內地(di)方千(qian)(qian)里，出車(che)萬(wan)乘(cheng)。千(qian)(qian)乘(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家者(zhe)，天(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公卿(qing)采地(di)方百里，出車(che)千(qian)(qian)乘(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。千(qian)(qian)乘(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)，諸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)。百乘(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家，諸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)夫(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。弒(shi)，下(xia)(xia)殺上(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。饜(yan)，足也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于君，每十分而(er)(er)(er)取(qu)其(qi)一分，亦已(yi)多(duo)(duo)矣。若又以(yi)(yi)(yi)義(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)后而(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)為(wei)(wei)先，則不(bu)(bu)(bu)弒(shi)其(qi)君而(er)(er)(er)盡奪(duo)(duo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)肯以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)足也(ye)(ye)(ye)。未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)遺其(qi)親(qin)者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)義(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)后其(qi)君者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)言(yan)(yan)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)義(yi)(yi)(yi)未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)嘗不(bu)(bu)(bu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)明(ming)(ming)上(shang)文(wen)亦有(you)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)義(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)已(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。遺，猶棄也(ye)(ye)(ye)。后，不(bu)(bu)(bu)急(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)必(bi)(bi)愛(ai)其(qi)親(qin)，義(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)必(bi)(bi)急(ji)其(qi)君。故(gu)人君躬行仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)義(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)無求(qiu)(qiu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，則其(qi)下(xia)(xia)化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，自(zi)親(qin)戴于己也(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)亦曰(yue)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)義(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)已(yi)矣，何(he)必(bi)(bi)曰(yue)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)？”重言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)結上(shang)文(wen)兩(liang)節之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。此(ci)章言(yan)(yan)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)義(yi)(yi)(yi)根(gen)于人心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)固有(you)，天(tian)(tian)理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公也(ye)(ye)(ye)。利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)生(sheng)于物(wu)我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)形(xing)，人欲(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)私也(ye)(ye)(ye)。循(xun)天(tian)(tian)理，則不(bu)(bu)(bu)求(qiu)(qiu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)而(er)(er)(er)自(zi)無不(bu)(bu)(bu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；殉人欲(yu)(yu)(yu)，則求(qiu)(qiu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)得而(er)(er)(er)害已(yi)隨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。所(suo)(suo)謂毫厘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)差，千(qian)(qian)里之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)繆。此(ci)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)造端托始(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深(shen)意(yi)，學(xue)者(zhe)所(suo)(suo)宜精察而(er)(er)(er)明(ming)(ming)辨也(ye)(ye)(ye)。太史(shi)公曰(yue)：“余讀孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)書(shu)至(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)(liang)惠王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)問何(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)吾(wu)國(guo)(guo)，未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)嘗不(bu)(bu)(bu)廢書(shu)而(er)(er)(er)嘆也(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)嗟乎！利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)誠亂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)子(zi)(zi)罕言(yan)(yan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，常防其(qi)源也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)曰(yue)‘放(fang)于利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)而(er)(er)(er)行，多(duo)(duo)怨’。自(zi)天(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)至(zhi)(zhi)于庶人，好利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弊(bi)，何(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)異哉？”程子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)“君子(zi)(zi)未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)嘗不(bu)(bu)(bu)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，但專以(yi)(yi)(yi)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)為(wei)(wei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)則有(you)害。惟仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)義(yi)(yi)(yi)則不(bu)(bu)(bu)求(qiu)(qiu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)而(er)(er)(er)未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)嘗不(bu)(bu)(bu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。當是(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人惟利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)求(qiu)(qiu)，而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)復知有(you)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)義(yi)(yi)(yi)。故(gu)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)義(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)拔本塞(sai)源而(er)(er)(er)救其(qi)弊(bi)，此(ci)圣賢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”

孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)見(jian)梁(liang)惠王(wang)(wang)，王(wang)(wang)立于沼(zhao)上，顧鴻鴈麋鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)，曰(yue)(yue)：“賢(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)亦樂(le)(le)此(ci)(ci)乎？”樂(le)(le)，音(yin)(yin)(yin)洛，篇(pian)內同。沼(zhao)，池也(ye)。鴻，鴈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大者(zhe)(zhe)。麋，鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大者(zhe)(zhe)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)：“賢(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)而(er)(er)后(hou)樂(le)(le)此(ci)(ci)，不(bu)賢(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)雖有(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)，不(bu)樂(le)(le)也(ye)。此(ci)(ci)一章之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大指。詩(shi)云：‘經(jing)始靈(ling)(ling)臺(tai)，經(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)營之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，庶(shu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)攻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。經(jing)始勿亟(ji)，庶(shu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)子(zi)(zi)(zi)來。王(wang)(wang)在靈(ling)(ling)囿(you)，麀鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)攸伏(fu)，麀鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)濯(zhuo)(zhuo)濯(zhuo)(zhuo)，白(bai)鳥鶴鶴。王(wang)(wang)在靈(ling)(ling)沼(zhao)，于牣魚躍(yue)。’文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)以(yi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)力為臺(tai)為沼(zhao)。而(er)(er)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歡(huan)樂(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，謂其(qi)(qi)(qi)臺(tai)曰(yue)(yue)靈(ling)(ling)臺(tai)，謂其(qi)(qi)(qi)沼(zhao)曰(yue)(yue)靈(ling)(ling)沼(zhao)，樂(le)(le)其(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)麋鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)魚鱉。古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人與(yu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)偕樂(le)(le)，故(gu)能樂(le)(le)也(ye)。亟(ji)，音(yin)(yin)(yin)棘(ji)。麀，音(yin)(yin)(yin)憂。鶴，詩(shi)作翯(he)，戶角反。于，音(yin)(yin)(yin)烏。此(ci)(ci)引詩(shi)而(er)(er)釋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)明賢(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)而(er)(er)后(hou)樂(le)(le)此(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。詩(shi)大雅靈(ling)(ling)臺(tai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)，經(jing)，量度也(ye)。靈(ling)(ling)臺(tai)，文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)臺(tai)名(ming)也(ye)。營，謀為也(ye)。攻，治也(ye)。不(bu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)，不(bu)終(zhong)日(ri)(ri)(ri)也(ye)。亟(ji)，速也(ye)，言文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)戒以(yi)勿亟(ji)也(ye)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)來，如(ru)子(zi)(zi)(zi)來趨父事也(ye)。靈(ling)(ling)囿(you)、靈(ling)(ling)沼(zhao)，臺(tai)下(xia)有(you)(you)囿(you)，囿(you)中有(you)(you)沼(zhao)也(ye)。麀，牝鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)也(ye)。伏(fu)，安其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)，不(bu)驚動也(ye)。濯(zhuo)(zhuo)濯(zhuo)(zhuo)，肥澤貌。鶴鶴，潔白(bai)貌。于，嘆美辭。牣，滿也(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)言文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)雖用民(min)(min)(min)(min)力，而(er)(er)民(min)(min)(min)(min)反歡(huan)樂(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，既(ji)加(jia)以(yi)美名(ming)，而(er)(er)又樂(le)(le)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)有(you)(you)。蓋(gai)由文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)能愛其(qi)(qi)(qi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)，故(gu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)樂(le)(le)其(qi)(qi)(qi)樂(le)(le)，而(er)(er)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)亦得(de)以(yi)享其(qi)(qi)(qi)樂(le)(le)也(ye)。湯誓(shi)曰(yue)(yue)：‘時(shi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)害喪？予及女(nv)偕亡(wang)(wang)(wang)。’民(min)(min)(min)(min)欲(yu)與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)偕亡(wang)(wang)(wang)，雖有(you)(you)臺(tai)池鳥獸(shou)，豈(qi)能獨樂(le)(le)哉？”害，音(yin)(yin)(yin)曷。喪，去聲。女(nv)，音(yin)(yin)(yin)汝。此(ci)(ci)引書(shu)(shu)而(er)(er)釋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)明不(bu)賢(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)雖有(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)不(bu)樂(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意也(ye)。湯誓(shi)，商(shang)書(shu)(shu)篇(pian)名(ming)。時(shi)，是也(ye)。日(ri)(ri)(ri)，指夏桀。害，何也(ye)。桀嘗自(zi)言，吾有(you)(you)天下(xia)，如(ru)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)日(ri)(ri)(ri)，日(ri)(ri)(ri)亡(wang)(wang)(wang)吾乃亡(wang)(wang)(wang)耳。民(min)(min)(min)(min)怨其(qi)(qi)(qi)虐，故(gu)因(yin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)自(zi)言而(er)(er)目之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)，此(ci)(ci)日(ri)(ri)(ri)何時(shi)亡(wang)(wang)(wang)乎？若亡(wang)(wang)(wang)則(ze)我寧與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)俱亡(wang)(wang)(wang)，蓋(gai)欲(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)亡(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚(shen)也(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)引此(ci)(ci)，以(yi)明君獨樂(le)(le)而(er)(er)不(bu)恤其(qi)(qi)(qi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)，則(ze)民(min)(min)(min)(min)怨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)不(bu)能保其(qi)(qi)(qi)樂(le)(le)也(ye)。

梁惠王曰：“寡人之于國也，盡心焉耳矣。河內兇，則移其民于河東，移其粟于河內。河東兇亦然。察鄰國之政，無如寡人之用心者。鄰國之民不加少，寡人之民不加多，何也？”寡人，諸侯自稱，言寡德之人也。河內河東皆魏地。兇，歲不熟也。移民以就食，移粟以給其老稚之不能移者。孟子對曰：“王好戰，請以戰喻。填然鼓之，兵刃既接，棄甲曳兵而走。或百步而后止，或五十步而后止。以五十步笑百步，則何如？”曰：“不可，直不百步耳，是亦走也。”曰：“王如知此，則無望民之多于鄰國也。好，去聲。填，音田。填，鼓音也。兵以鼓進，以金退。直，猶但也。言此以譬鄰國不恤其民，惠王能行小惠，然皆不能行王道以養其民，不可以此而笑彼也。楊氏曰：“移民移粟，荒政之所不廢也。然不能行先王之道，而徒以是為盡心焉，則末矣。”不違農時，谷不可勝食也；數罟不入洿池，魚鱉不可勝食也；斧斤以時入山林，材木不可勝用也。谷與魚鱉不可勝食，材木不可勝用，是使民養生喪死無憾也。養生喪死無憾，王道之始也。勝，音升。數，音促。罟，音古。洿，音烏。農時，謂春耕夏耘秋收之時。凡有興作，不違此時，至冬乃役之也。不可勝食，言多也。數，密也。罟，網也。洿，窊下之地，水所聚也。古者網罟必用四寸之目，魚不滿尺，市不得粥，人不得食。山林川澤，與民共之，而有厲禁。草木零落，然后斧斤入焉。此皆為治之初，法制未備，且因天地自然之利，而撙節愛養之事也。然飲食宮室所以養生，祭祀棺槨所以送死，皆民所急而不可無者。今皆有以資之，則人無所恨矣。王道以得民心為本，故以此為王道之始。五畝之宅，樹之以桑，五十者可以衣帛矣；雞豚狗彘之畜，無失其時，七十者可以食肉矣；百畝之田，勿奪其時，數口之家可以無饑矣；謹庠序之教，申之以孝悌之養，頒白者不負戴于道路矣。七十者衣帛食肉，黎民不饑不寒，然而不王者，未之有也。衣，去聲。畜，敕六反。數，去聲。王，去聲。凡有天下者人稱之曰王，則平聲；據其身臨天下而言曰王，則去聲。后皆放此。五畝之宅，一夫所受，二畝半在田，二畝半在邑。田中不得有木，恐妨五谷，故于墻下植桑以供蠶事。五十始衰，非帛不暖，未五十者不得衣也。畜，養也。時，謂孕子之時，如孟春犧性毋用牝之類也。七十非肉不飽，未七十者不得食也。百畝之田，亦一夫所受。至此則經界正，井地均，無不受田之家矣。庠序，皆學名也。申，重也，丁寧反復之意。善事父母為孝，善事兄長為悌。頒，與斑同，老人頭半白黑者也。負，任在背。戴，任在首。夫民衣食不足，則不暇治禮義；而飽暖無教，則又近于禽獸。故既富而教以孝悌，則人知愛親敬長而代其勞，不使之負戴于道路矣。衣帛食肉但言七十，舉重以見輕也。黎，黑也。黎民，黑發之人，猶秦言黔首也。少壯之人，雖不得衣帛食肉，然亦不至于饑寒也。此言盡法制品節之詳，極財成輔相之道，以左右民，是王道之成也。狗彘食人食而不知檢，涂有餓莩而不知發；人死，則曰：‘非我也，歲也。’是何異于刺人而殺之，曰：‘非我也，兵也。’王無罪歲，斯天下之民至焉。”莩，平表反。刺，七亦反。檢，制也。莩，餓死人也。發，發倉廩以賑貸也。歲，謂歲之豐兇也。惠王不能制民之產，又使狗彘得以食人之食，則與先王制度品節之意異矣。至于民饑而死，猶不知發，則其所移特民間之粟而已。乃以民不加多，歸罪于歲兇，是知刃之殺人，而不知操刃者之殺人也。不罪歲，則必能自反而益修其政。天下之民至焉，則不但多于鄰國而已。程子曰：“孟子之論王道，不過如此，可謂實矣。”又曰：“孔子之時，周室雖微，天下猶知尊周之為義，故春秋以尊周為本。至孟子時，七國爭雄，天下不復知有周，而生民之涂炭已極。當是時，諸侯能行王道，則可以王矣。此孟子所以勸齊梁之君也。蓋王者，天下之義主也。圣賢亦何心哉？視天命之改與未改耳。”

梁惠王曰(yue)：“寡人(ren)愿安(an)承教。”承上章言愿安(an)意以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)受教。孟子對曰(yue)：“殺(sha)人(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)梃與(yu)刃(ren)，有以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)異乎？”曰(yue)：“無(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)異也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”梃，徒頂反。梃，杖也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)刃(ren)與(yu)政，有以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)異乎？”曰(yue)：“無(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)異也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”孟子又問而(er)(er)(er)(er)王答也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)：“庖有肥肉，廄(jiu)有肥馬，民(min)有饑色，野有餓(e)莩，此(ci)(ci)率獸而(er)(er)(er)(er)食人(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。厚(hou)斂于民(min)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)養禽獸，而(er)(er)(er)(er)使民(min)饑以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)死，則無(wu)異于驅(qu)獸以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)食人(ren)矣(yi)(yi)。獸相食，且人(ren)惡(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。為(wei)民(min)父(fu)(fu)母，行政不(bu)免于率獸而(er)(er)(er)(er)食人(ren)。惡(e)在(zai)其(qi)為(wei)民(min)父(fu)(fu)母也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？惡(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惡(e)，去聲(sheng)。惡(e)在(zai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惡(e)，平聲(sheng)。君者(zhe)(zhe)，民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父(fu)(fu)母也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。惡(e)在(zai)，猶(you)言何在(zai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。仲尼曰(yue)：‘始(shi)作(zuo)俑(yong)者(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)無(wu)后乎！’為(wei)其(qi)象人(ren)而(er)(er)(er)(er)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何其(qi)使斯民(min)饑而(er)(er)(er)(er)死也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”俑(yong)，音勇。為(wei)，去聲(sheng)。俑(yong)，從(cong)葬(zang)木偶人(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)葬(zang)者(zhe)(zhe)，束草為(wei)人(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)從(cong)衛，謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)芻(chu)靈，略似(si)人(ren)形而(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)。中古易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)俑(yong)，則有面(mian)目機發(fa)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)大(da)似(si)人(ren)矣(yi)(yi)。故孔子惡(e)其(qi)不(bu)仁，而(er)(er)(er)(er)言其(qi)必無(wu)后也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子言此(ci)(ci)作(zuo)俑(yong)者(zhe)(zhe)，但用象人(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)葬(zang)，孔子猶(you)惡(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，況(kuang)實(shi)使民(min)饑而(er)(er)(er)(er)死乎？李(li)氏(shi)曰(yue)：“為(wei)人(ren)君者(zhe)(zhe)，固(gu)未(wei)嘗有率獸食人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心。然(ran)殉一己之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)欲(yu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)恤其(qi)民(min)，則其(qi)流必至于此(ci)(ci)。故以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)民(min)父(fu)(fu)母告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。夫父(fu)(fu)母之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于子，為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)就利避(bi)害(hai)，未(wei)嘗頃刻而(er)(er)(er)(er)忘于懷，何至視(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)如犬馬乎？”

 梁惠王(wang)曰(yue)：“晉(jin)國，天(tian)(tian)下(xia)莫強(qiang)焉，叟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所知也(ye)(ye)(ye)。及寡人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)身，東敗(bai)于(yu)齊(qi)，長(chang)子(zi)死(si)(si)焉；西喪(sang)地(di)于(yu)秦(qin)七百里(li)；南(nan)辱于(yu)楚。寡人恥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，愿(yuan)比(bi)死(si)(si)者一灑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何則(ze)(ze)可(ke)(ke)？”長(chang)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)。喪(sang)，去聲(sheng)(sheng)。比(bi)，必二反。灑與(yu)洗同(tong)。魏(wei)本晉(jin)大(da)夫(fu)魏(wei)斯，與(yu)韓氏趙氏共分晉(jin)地(di)，號(hao)曰(yue)三(san)晉(jin)。故惠王(wang)猶自謂晉(jin)國。惠王(wang)三(san)十年(nian)，齊(qi)擊魏(wei)，破其(qi)(qi)軍，虜太子(zi)申。十七年(nian)，秦(qin)取魏(wei)少梁，后魏(wei)又數獻(xian)地(di)于(yu)秦(qin)。又與(yu)楚將昭陽戰(zhan)敗(bai)，亡(wang)其(qi)(qi)七邑。比(bi)，猶為(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言欲為(wei)死(si)(si)者雪其(qi)(qi)恥也(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子(zi)對曰(yue)：“地(di)方百里(li)而(er)(er)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)。百里(li)，小(xiao)國也(ye)(ye)(ye)。然能(neng)行仁(ren)政(zheng)，則(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)歸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。王(wang)如施(shi)仁(ren)政(zheng)于(yu)民(min)(min)(min)，省(sheng)刑(xing)罰(fa)，薄稅(shui)斂，深耕易(yi)耨。壯者以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)暇(xia)日修其(qi)(qi)孝悌(ti)忠(zhong)(zhong)信(xin)，入(ru)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事其(qi)(qi)父兄(xiong)，出以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事其(qi)(qi)長(chang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，可(ke)(ke)使(shi)制梃(ting)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)撻秦(qin)楚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)堅甲(jia)利兵矣。省(sheng)，所梗(geng)反。斂、易(yi)皆去聲(sheng)(sheng)。耨，奴豆反。長(chang)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)。省(sheng)刑(xing)罰(fa)，薄稅(shui)斂，此(ci)二者仁(ren)政(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)目也(ye)(ye)(ye)。易(yi)，治也(ye)(ye)(ye)。耨，耘(yun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。盡己(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂忠(zhong)(zhong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)實之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂信(xin)。君行仁(ren)政(zheng)，則(ze)(ze)民(min)(min)(min)得盡力于(yu)農畝，而(er)(er)又有暇(xia)日以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)修禮義，是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊君親(qin)上(shang)(shang)(shang)而(er)(er)樂(le)于(yu)效死(si)(si)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。彼奪(duo)其(qi)(qi)民(min)(min)(min)時，使(shi)不(bu)得耕耨以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)養其(qi)(qi)父母(mu)，父母(mu)凍餓，兄(xiong)弟妻子(zi)離散(san)。養，去聲(sheng)(sheng)。彼，謂敵(di)國也(ye)(ye)(ye)。彼陷溺(ni)其(qi)(qi)民(min)(min)(min)，王(wang)往而(er)(er)征(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，夫(fu)誰(shui)與(yu)王(wang)敵(di)？夫(fu)，音扶。陷，陷于(yu)阱。溺(ni)，溺(ni)于(yu)水。暴虐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。征(zheng)，正也(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)彼暴虐其(qi)(qi)民(min)(min)(min)，而(er)(er)率吾尊君親(qin)上(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)往正其(qi)(qi)罪。彼民(min)(min)(min)方怨其(qi)(qi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)而(er)(er)樂(le)歸于(yu)我，則(ze)(ze)誰(shui)與(yu)我為(wei)敵(di)哉？故曰(yue)：‘仁(ren)者無(wu)敵(di)。’王(wang)請勿(wu)疑！”“仁(ren)者無(wu)敵(di)”，蓋古語也(ye)(ye)(ye)。百里(li)可(ke)(ke)王(wang)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)而(er)(er)已。恐王(wang)疑其(qi)(qi)迂闊，故勉使(shi)勿(wu)疑也(ye)(ye)(ye)。孔氏曰(yue)：“惠王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志在于(yu)報怨，孟子(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)論在于(yu)救民(min)(min)(min)。所謂惟(wei)天(tian)(tian)吏則(ze)(ze)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)伐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，蓋孟子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本意。”

孟子見梁襄王。襄王，惠王子，名赫。出，語人曰：“望之不似人君，就之而不見所畏焉。卒然問曰：‘天下惡乎定？’吾對曰：‘定于一。’語，去聲。卒，七沒反。惡，平聲。語，告也。不似人君，不見所畏，言其無威儀也。卒然，急遽之貌。蓋容貌辭氣，乃德之符。其外如此，則其中之所存者可知。王問列國分爭，天下當何所定。孟子對以必合于一，然后定也。‘孰能一之？’王問也。對曰：‘不嗜殺人者能一之。’嗜，甘也。‘孰能與之？’王復問也。與，猶歸也。對曰：‘天下莫不與也。王知夫苗乎？七八月之間旱，則苗槁矣。天油然作云，沛然下雨，則苗浡然興之矣。其如是，孰能御之？今夫天下之人牧，未有不嗜殺人者也，如有不嗜殺人者，則天下之民皆引領而望之矣。誠如是也，民歸之，由水之就下，沛然誰能御之？’”夫，音扶。浡，音勃。由當作猶，古字借用。后多放此。周七八月，夏五六月也。油然，云盛貌。沛然，雨盛貌。浡然，興起貌。御，禁止也。人牧，謂牧民之君也。領，頸也。蓋好生惡死，人心所同。故人君不嗜殺人，則天下悅而歸之。蘇氏曰：“孟子之言，非茍為大而已。然不深原其意而詳究其實，未有不以為迂者矣。予觀孟子以來，自漢高祖及光武及唐太宗及我太祖皇帝，能一天下者四君，皆以不嗜殺人致之。其余殺人愈多而天下愈亂。秦晉及隋，力能合之，而好殺不已，故或合而復分，或遂以亡國。孟子之言，豈偶然而已哉？”

齊宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)問(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“齊桓、晉文之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)得(de)(de)(de)(de)聞(wen)(wen)乎？”齊宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，姓(xing)(xing)田氏，名辟(pi)強(qiang)(qiang)，諸(zhu)侯僭稱王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。齊桓公、晉文公，皆(jie)(jie)霸諸(zhu)侯者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)對曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“仲尼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)桓、文之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)世無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)傳(chuan)焉(yan)(yan)。臣(chen)(chen)未(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聞(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)乎？”道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。董(dong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“仲尼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)門(men)，五尺童子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)羞稱五霸。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)先(xian)詐力而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，亦(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)意也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，必(bi)(bi)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)止(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)天下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“德何(he)(he)(he)如，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“保(bao)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)御(yu)(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”保(bao)，愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)護也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)乎哉(zai)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“何(he)(he)(he)由(you)知(zhi)(zhi)吾(wu)(wu)(wu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“臣(chen)(chen)聞(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胡龁曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)坐(zuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)堂上，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)牽(qian)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)過堂下者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)何(he)(he)(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？’對曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘將以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)釁鐘(zhong)。’王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘舍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)！吾(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)觳(hu)觫(su)(su)，若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)罪而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)就(jiu)死(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)(di)。’對曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)廢(fei)(fei)釁鐘(zhong)與(yu)(yu)(yu)？’曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘何(he)(he)(he)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)廢(fei)(fei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)易(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)！’不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)識有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)諸(zhu)？”龁，音(yin)(yin)核。舍，上聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。觳(hu)，音(yin)(yin)斛(hu)。觫(su)(su)，音(yin)(yin)速。與(yu)(yu)(yu)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。胡龁，齊臣(chen)(chen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。釁鐘(zhong)，新鑄鐘(zhong)成，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)殺牲取血以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)涂其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)釁郄也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。觳(hu)觫(su)(su)，恐懼貌(mao)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)述(shu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)聞(wen)(wen)胡龁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)語而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)問(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)果有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)事(shi)否(fou)？曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)皆(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，臣(chen)(chen)固(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)觳(hu)觫(su)(su)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)殺，即(ji)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)惻(ce)隱(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，仁(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)端也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。擴(kuo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)四(si)海(hai)(hai)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)指(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，欲(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)察識于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)擴(kuo)充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)，猶(you)(you)吝(lin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)。誠有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。齊國雖(sui)褊小(xiao)(xiao)，吾(wu)(wu)(wu)何(he)(he)(he)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)一(yi)(yi)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)？即(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)觳(hu)觫(su)(su)，若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)罪而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)就(jiu)死(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)(di)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)易(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)易(yi)(yi)(yi)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)跡似(si)吝(lin)，實有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)如百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)譏者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)異(yi)(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，彼惡知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)隱(yin)(yin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)罪而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)就(jiu)死(si)(si)(si)(si)地(di)(di)(di)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)何(he)(he)(he)擇焉(yan)(yan)？”王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)笑曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)誠何(he)(he)(he)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)哉(zai)？我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)非愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)財。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)易(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，宜乎百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”惡，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。異(yi)(yi)，怪也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。隱(yin)(yin)，痛也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。擇，猶(you)(you)分(fen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)皆(jie)(jie)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)罪而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)死(si)(si)(si)(si)，何(he)(he)(he)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)分(fen)別而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)易(yi)(yi)(yi)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)乎？孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)設(she)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)難(nan)(nan)(nan)，欲(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)求(qiu)(qiu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本(ben)(ben)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)卒無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)自解于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)傷(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)乃仁(ren)(ren)術也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)未(wei)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。君子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)禽獸(shou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)生，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)死(si)(si)(si)(si)；聞(wen)(wen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)食其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)肉(rou)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)君子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)遠(yuan)庖廚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”遠(yuan)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)傷(shang)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)雖(sui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)害(hai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。術，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巧者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。蓋(gai)(gai)殺牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)既所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)，釁鐘(zhong)又(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)廢(fei)(fei)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)處之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)雖(sui)發(fa)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)終(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)發(fa)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)遏，未(wei)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)理(li)未(wei)形而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)妨。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)易(yi)(yi)(yi)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)得(de)(de)(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兩全而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)害(hai)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)仁(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)術也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)將死(si)(si)(si)(si)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)哀鳴(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蓋(gai)(gai)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)禽獸(shou)，同(tong)(tong)生而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)異(yi)(yi)類(lei)(lei)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)禮，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)施(shi)(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)聞(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)及(ji)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)必(bi)(bi)遠(yuan)庖廚者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)預(yu)養是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)廣為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)仁(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)術也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)說曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“詩(shi)(shi)云(yun)：‘他人(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，予忖度(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。’夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)(fu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)乃行(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)求(qiu)(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)吾(wu)(wu)(wu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)戚戚焉(yan)(yan)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)合于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，何(he)(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”說，音(yin)(yin)悅。忖，七(qi)本(ben)(ben)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。度(du)(du)(du)，待洛反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。夫(fu)(fu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夫(fu)(fu)，音(yin)(yin)扶。詩(shi)(shi)小(xiao)(xiao)雅巧言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇。戚戚，心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)動(dong)貌(mao)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)因孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)前(qian)(qian)日(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)復(fu)萌，乃知(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)從(cong)(cong)外得(de)(de)(de)(de)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)猶(you)(you)未(wei)知(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本(ben)(ben)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)推(tui)(tui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)復(fu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘吾(wu)(wu)(wu)力足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)百(bai)(bai)(bai)鈞’，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)一(yi)(yi)羽(yu)；‘明足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)察秋毫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末’，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)輿薪，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)許(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否(fou)。”“今(jin)(jin)(jin)恩(en)足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)禽獸(shou)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)功(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，獨(du)何(he)(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)？然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)一(yi)(yi)羽(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)力焉(yan)(yan)；輿薪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)明焉(yan)(yan)，百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)保(bao)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)恩(en)焉(yan)(yan)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”與(yu)(yu)(yu)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。復(fu)，白也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鈞，三(san)十斤。百(bai)(bai)(bai)鈞，至(zhi)重難(nan)(nan)(nan)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。羽(yu)，鳥羽(yu)。一(yi)(yi)羽(yu)，至(zhi)輕(qing)易(yi)(yi)(yi)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。秋毫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末，毛至(zhi)秋而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)末銳，小(xiao)(xiao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)難(nan)(nan)(nan)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。輿薪，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)車載薪，大(da)(da)(da)(da)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)易(yi)(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。許(xu)，猶(you)(you)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)恩(en)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下，又(you)(you)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蓋(gai)(gai)天地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性，人(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)貴。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)，又(you)(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)同(tong)(tong)類(lei)(lei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)相(xiang)親。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)惻(ce)隱(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發(fa)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)切而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)物(wu)(wu)緩(huan)；推(tui)(tui)廣仁(ren)(ren)術，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仁(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)易(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)物(wu)(wu)難(nan)(nan)(nan)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)及(ji)物(wu)(wu)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，非不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，但自不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)肯為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)耳。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)與(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形何(he)(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)異(yi)(yi)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“挾太山(shan)(shan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)超北(bei)海(hai)(hai)，語人(ren)(ren)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)‘我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)’，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)誠不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)長者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)折(zhe)枝，語人(ren)(ren)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)‘我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)’，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，非挾太山(shan)(shan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)超北(bei)海(hai)(hai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)(lei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)折(zhe)枝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)(lei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。語，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)長之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。長，上聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。折(zhe)，之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舌反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。形，狀也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。挾，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)腋持(chi)物(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。超，躍而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)過也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)長者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)折(zhe)枝，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)長者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命，折(zhe)草木(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)枝，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)難(nan)(nan)(nan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)固(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)待外求(qiu)(qiu)，擴(kuo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，在我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。何(he)(he)(he)難(nan)(nan)(nan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)？老(lao)(lao)吾(wu)(wu)(wu)老(lao)(lao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)老(lao)(lao)；幼(you)(you)(you)吾(wu)(wu)(wu)幼(you)(you)(you)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幼(you)(you)(you)。天下可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)運(yun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)掌。詩(shi)(shi)云(yun)：‘刑于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)寡(gua)妻(qi)(qi)，至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)兄弟(di)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)御(yu)(yu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)家(jia)邦(bang)。’言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)斯心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)加諸(zhu)彼而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)推(tui)(tui)恩(en)足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)四(si)海(hai)(hai)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)推(tui)(tui)恩(en)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)妻(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)過人(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)他焉(yan)(yan)，善(shan)(shan)推(tui)(tui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)恩(en)足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)禽獸(shou)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)功(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，獨(du)何(he)(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)？與(yu)(yu)(yu)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。老(lao)(lao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)老(lao)(lao)事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。吾(wu)(wu)(wu)老(lao)(lao)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父兄。人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)老(lao)(lao)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父兄。幼(you)(you)(you)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)幼(you)(you)(you)畜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。吾(wu)(wu)(wu)幼(you)(you)(you)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟(di)。人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幼(you)(you)(you)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟(di)。運(yun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)掌，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)易(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。詩(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)雅思齊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇。刑，法(fa)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。寡(gua)妻(qi)(qi)，寡(gua)德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)(qi)，謙辭(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。御(yu)(yu)，治(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)推(tui)(tui)恩(en)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)眾叛(pan)親離，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)妻(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。蓋(gai)(gai)骨(gu)肉(rou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)親，本(ben)(ben)同(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)氣，又(you)(you)非但若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)(tong)類(lei)(lei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)古(gu)人(ren)(ren)必(bi)(bi)由(you)親親推(tui)(tui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)及(ji)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)仁(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)；又(you)(you)推(tui)(tui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)余，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)及(ji)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)物(wu)(wu)，皆(jie)(jie)由(you)近以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)遠(yuan)，自易(yi)(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)難(nan)(nan)(nan)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)必(bi)(bi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)復(fu)推(tui)(tui)本(ben)(ben)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)再問(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。權(quan)(quan)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)知(zhi)(zhi)輕(qing)重；度(du)(du)(du)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)知(zhi)(zhi)長短(duan)。物(wu)(wu)皆(jie)(jie)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)，心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)甚(shen)(shen)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)請(qing)(qing)度(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)！度(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)，待洛反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。權(quan)(quan)，稱錘也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。度(du)(du)(du)，丈尺也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。度(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)稱量(liang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)物(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輕(qing)重長短(duan)，人(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)難(nan)(nan)(nan)齊，必(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)權(quan)(quan)度(du)(du)(du)度(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)應物(wu)(wu)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輕(qing)重長短(duan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)難(nan)(nan)(nan)齊，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)度(du)(du)(du)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)本(ben)(ben)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)權(quan)(quan)度(du)(du)(du)，又(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)甚(shen)(shen)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)物(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)恩(en)及(ji)禽獸(shou)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)功(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)物(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)重且(qie)長，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)仁(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)輕(qing)且(qie)短(duan)，失其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)當(dang)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)自知(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)上文既發(fa)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)端，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)請(qing)(qing)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)度(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。抑(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)興甲兵(bing)，危士臣(chen)(chen)，構(gou)怨于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)諸(zhu)侯，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)快于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)與(yu)(yu)(yu)？”與(yu)(yu)(yu)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。抑(yi)，發(fa)語辭(ci)(ci)。士，戰士也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。構(gou)，結(jie)(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輕(qing)且(qie)短(duan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，必(bi)(bi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)快也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)三(san)事(shi)實非人(ren)(ren)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)快，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)甚(shen)(shen)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)殺觳(hu)觫(su)(su)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)牛(niu)(niu)(niu)(niu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)指(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)問(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，欲(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)度(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否(fou)。吾(wu)(wu)(wu)何(he)(he)(he)快于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)？將以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)求(qiu)(qiu)吾(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)快于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)必(bi)(bi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲(yu)(yu)(yu)誘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。欲(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)誘者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)獨(du)在于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)尚明于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)他而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)獨(du)暗(an)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)愛(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輕(qing)短(duan)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)功(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)得(de)(de)(de)(de)聞(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)？”王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)笑而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)肥(fei)甘不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)口與(yu)(yu)(yu)？輕(qing)暖不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體與(yu)(yu)(yu)？抑(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)采(cai)色(se)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)視于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)目與(yu)(yu)(yu)？聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)(yin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)聽(ting)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)耳與(yu)(yu)(yu)？便嬖不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)使令于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)前(qian)(qian)與(yu)(yu)(yu)？王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)諸(zhu)臣(chen)(chen)皆(jie)(jie)足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)供之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)豈(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)哉(zai)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否(fou)。吾(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。欲(yu)(yu)(yu)辟(pi)土地(di)(di)(di)，朝(chao)(chao)秦楚(chu)，蒞中國而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)撫(fu)四(si)夷(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)求(qiu)(qiu)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)，猶(you)(you)緣(yuan)木(mu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)求(qiu)(qiu)魚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”與(yu)(yu)(yu)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)肥(fei)、抑(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、豈(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，皆(jie)(jie)去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。便、令皆(jie)(jie)平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。辟(pi)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)辟(pi)同(tong)(tong)。朝(chao)(chao)，音(yin)(yin)潮。便嬖，近習嬖幸(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，語助辭(ci)(ci)。辟(pi)，開廣也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。朝(chao)(chao)，致其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)來(lai)朝(chao)(chao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。秦楚(chu)，皆(jie)(jie)大(da)(da)(da)(da)國。蒞，臨也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)，如此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，指(zhi)興兵(bing)結(jie)(jie)怨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。緣(yuan)木(mu)求(qiu)(qiu)魚，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)必(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)得(de)(de)(de)(de)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)甚(shen)(shen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“殆有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)甚(shen)(shen)焉(yan)(yan)。緣(yuan)木(mu)求(qiu)(qiu)魚，雖(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)魚，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)后(hou)(hou)災。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，求(qiu)(qiu)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)，盡(jin)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)力而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，后(hou)(hou)必(bi)(bi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)災。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)得(de)(de)(de)(de)聞(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“鄒(zou)人(ren)(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)楚(chu)人(ren)(ren)戰，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)孰勝？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“楚(chu)人(ren)(ren)勝。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)小(xiao)(xiao)固(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)敵(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，寡(gua)固(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)敵(di)(di)眾，弱(ruo)固(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)敵(di)(di)強(qiang)(qiang)。海(hai)(hai)內之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)方千(qian)里者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)九，齊集(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)服(fu)八，何(he)(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)異(yi)(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)鄒(zou)敵(di)(di)楚(chu)哉(zai)？蓋(gai)(gai)亦(yi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本(ben)(ben)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。甚(shen)(shen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)、聞(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。殆、蓋(gai)(gai)，皆(jie)(jie)發(fa)語辭(ci)(ci)。鄒(zou)，小(xiao)(xiao)國。楚(chu)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)國。齊集(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)集(ji)合齊地(di)(di)(di)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)方千(qian)里，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天下九分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)服(fu)八，必(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)勝，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)災也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)本(ben)(ben)，說見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)下文。今(jin)(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)施(shi)(shi)仁(ren)(ren)，使天下仕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)立(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)朝(chao)(chao)，耕(geng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)耕(geng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)野，商賈皆(jie)(jie)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)藏于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)市，行(xing)(xing)(xing)旅皆(jie)(jie)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)出于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂，天下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)疾其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)君者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)赴(fu)愬于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，孰能(neng)(neng)(neng)御(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？”朝(chao)(chao)，音(yin)(yin)潮。賈，音(yin)(yin)古(gu)。愬，與(yu)(yu)(yu)訴同(tong)(tong)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)貨曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)商，居(ju)貨曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)賈。發(fa)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)施(shi)(shi)仁(ren)(ren)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)天下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)(ben)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。近者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)悅，遠(yuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)來(lai)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)強(qiang)(qiang)弱(ruo)非所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)論矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。蓋(gai)(gai)力求(qiu)(qiu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)得(de)(de)(de)(de)；能(neng)(neng)(neng)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本(ben)(ben)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)求(qiu)(qiu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)至(zhi)。與(yu)(yu)(yu)首章(zhang)(zhang)意同(tong)(tong)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“吾(wu)(wu)(wu)?，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)進于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。愿夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)輔吾(wu)(wu)(wu)志(zhi)，明以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)教(jiao)(jiao)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)雖(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敏(min)，請(qing)(qing)嘗試之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”?，與(yu)(yu)(yu)昏(hun)同(tong)(tong)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)恒(heng)產(chan)(chan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)恒(heng)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，惟士為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)恒(heng)產(chan)(chan)，因無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)恒(heng)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。茍無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)恒(heng)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，放辟(pi)，邪侈，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。及(ji)陷(xian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)罪，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)刑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)罔(wang)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。焉(yan)(yan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)仁(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)在位，罔(wang)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？恒(heng)，胡登反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。辟(pi)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)僻同(tong)(tong)。焉(yan)(yan)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)虔反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。恒(heng)，常(chang)(chang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。產(chan)(chan)，生業(ye)(ye)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。恒(heng)產(chan)(chan)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)常(chang)(chang)生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。恒(heng)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，人(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)常(chang)(chang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)(shan)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。士嘗學問(wen)，知(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)理(li)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)雖(sui)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)產(chan)(chan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)常(chang)(chang)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。罔(wang)，猶(you)(you)羅網，欺其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)取之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)明君制(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)(chan)，必(bi)(bi)使仰(yang)足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)父母，俯足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)畜妻(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，樂(le)(le)歲(sui)終(zhong)身(shen)飽，兇(xiong)年免(mian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)死(si)(si)(si)(si)亡。然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)驅而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)(shan)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)從(cong)(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)輕(qing)。畜，許(xu)六(liu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，下同(tong)(tong)。輕(qing)，猶(you)(you)易(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)常(chang)(chang)產(chan)(chan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)常(chang)(chang)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)制(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)(chan)，仰(yang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)父母，俯不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)畜妻(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，樂(le)(le)歲(sui)終(zhong)身(shen)苦，兇(xiong)年不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)免(mian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)死(si)(si)(si)(si)亡。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)惟救(jiu)死(si)(si)(si)(si)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)恐不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)贍，奚暇治(zhi)(zhi)禮義(yi)哉(zai)？治(zhi)(zhi)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。凡治(zhi)(zhi)字為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)理(li)物(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)；為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)己理(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。后(hou)(hou)皆(jie)(jie)放此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。贍，足(zu)(zu)(zu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)產(chan)(chan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)(chang)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)盍(he)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本(ben)(ben)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。盍(he)，何(he)(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。使民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)常(chang)(chang)產(chan)(chan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，又(you)(you)發(fa)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)施(shi)(shi)仁(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)(ben)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。說具下文。五畝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宅，樹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)桑，五十者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)衣帛(bo)(bo)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)；雞豚狗彘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)畜，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)失其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時，七(qi)十者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)食肉(rou)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)；百(bai)(bai)(bai)畝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田，勿奪(duo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時，八口之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)饑矣(yi)(yi)(yi)；謹(jin)庠序之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)，申之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)孝悌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)，頒白者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)負戴于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。老(lao)(lao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)衣帛(bo)(bo)食肉(rou)，黎民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)饑不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)寒(han)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，未(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”音(yin)(yin)見(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前(qian)(qian)章(zhang)(zhang)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)(chan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。趙(zhao)氏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“八口之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)，次(ci)上農夫(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)(ben)，常(chang)(chang)生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)齊梁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君各陳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”楊氏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天下者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，舉(ju)(ju)(ju)斯心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)加諸(zhu)彼而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)雖(sui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)仁(ren)(ren)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)仁(ren)(ren)聞(wen)(wen)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)被其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)澤(ze)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)先(xian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)(chan)告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)章(zhang)(zhang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)君當(dang)黜霸功(gong)(gong)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)過推(tui)(tui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。齊王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)非無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)奪(duo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)功(gong)(gong)利之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)私，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)擴(kuo)充以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)。雖(sui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)復(fu)曉告，精切如此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)蔽固(gu)(gu)已(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)深，終(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)悟，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)嘆也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

孟子卷二

　梁惠王章句下

凡十六章。
莊暴見孟子，曰：“暴見于王，王語暴以好樂，暴未有以對也。”曰：“好樂何如？”孟子曰：“王之好樂甚，則齊國其庶幾乎！”見于之見，音現，下見于同。語，去聲，下同。好，去聲，篇內并同。莊暴，齊臣也。庶幾，近辭也。言近于治。他日，見于王曰：“王嘗語莊子以(yi)(yi)(yi)好(hao)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，有諸？”王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)變(bian)乎色(se)(se)，曰(yue)(yue)：“寡人非能(neng)好(hao)先王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，直好(hao)世俗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)耳。”變(bian)色(se)(se)者，慚其(qi)(qi)好(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好(hao)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)甚，則(ze)齊其(qi)(qi)庶(shu)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)乎！今(jin)(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)猶古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”今(jin)(jin)(jin)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，世俗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。古(gu)(gu)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，先王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。曰(yue)(yue)：“可得聞(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)？”曰(yue)(yue)：“獨(du)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)人樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，孰(shu)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)？”曰(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)人。”曰(yue)(yue)：“與(yu)(yu)(yu)少(shao)(shao)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)眾(zhong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，孰(shu)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)？”曰(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)眾(zhong)。”聞(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)，平聲(sheng)。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，下(xia)(xia)字音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)洛。孰(shu)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，亦音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)洛。獨(du)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)人，與(yu)(yu)(yu)少(shao)(shao)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)眾(zhong)，亦人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常(chang)情也(ye)(ye)(ye)。“臣請為(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)：為(wei)，去(qu)聲(sheng)。此以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)，皆(jie)孟子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)鼓(gu)(gu)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)于(yu)(yu)此，百姓(xing)聞(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)鐘鼓(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聲(sheng)，管鑰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，舉(ju)(ju)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)首蹙(cu)頞(e)而(er)(er)相(xiang)告(gao)曰(yue)(yue)：‘吾(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好(hao)鼓(gu)(gu)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，夫何(he)使我(wo)至于(yu)(yu)此極(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)？父子(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)相(xiang)見(jian)，兄弟(di)妻子(zi)(zi)離散。’今(jin)(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)田(tian)獵(lie)于(yu)(yu)此，百姓(xing)聞(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)車馬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，見(jian)羽(yu)(yu)旄(mao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美，舉(ju)(ju)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)首蹙(cu)頞(e)而(er)(er)相(xiang)告(gao)曰(yue)(yue)：‘吾(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好(hao)田(tian)獵(lie)，夫何(he)使我(wo)至于(yu)(yu)此極(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)？父子(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)相(xiang)見(jian)，兄弟(di)妻子(zi)(zi)離散。’此無(wu)(wu)他，不(bu)(bu)(bu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。蹙(cu)，子(zi)(zi)六反。頞(e)，音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)遏(e)。夫，音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)扶。同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)洛。鐘鼓(gu)(gu)管鑰，皆(jie)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)器也(ye)(ye)(ye)。舉(ju)(ju)，皆(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。疾(ji)(ji)(ji)首，頭痛也(ye)(ye)(ye)。蹙(cu)，聚也(ye)(ye)(ye)。頞(e)，額(e)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。人憂戚則(ze)蹙(cu)其(qi)(qi)額(e)。極(ji)，窮(qiong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。羽(yu)(yu)旄(mao)，旌屬。不(bu)(bu)(bu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，謂獨(du)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)其(qi)(qi)身(shen)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)恤其(qi)(qi)民(min)，使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)窮(qiong)困也(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)鼓(gu)(gu)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)于(yu)(yu)此，百姓(xing)聞(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)鐘鼓(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聲(sheng)，管鑰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，舉(ju)(ju)欣(xin)欣(xin)然有喜色(se)(se)而(er)(er)相(xiang)告(gao)曰(yue)(yue)：‘吾(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)庶(shu)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)無(wu)(wu)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)病(bing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)？何(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)能(neng)鼓(gu)(gu)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)？’今(jin)(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)田(tian)獵(lie)于(yu)(yu)此，百姓(xing)聞(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)車馬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，見(jian)羽(yu)(yu)旄(mao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美，舉(ju)(ju)欣(xin)欣(xin)然有喜色(se)(se)而(er)(er)相(xiang)告(gao)曰(yue)(yue)‘吾(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)庶(shu)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)無(wu)(wu)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)病(bing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)？何(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)能(neng)田(tian)獵(lie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)？’此無(wu)(wu)他，與(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。病(bing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)，平聲(sheng)。同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)洛。與(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)者，推好(hao)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心以(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)仁政，使民(min)各得其(qi)(qi)所也(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)百姓(xing)同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，則(ze)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)矣(yi)。”好(hao)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)而(er)(er)能(neng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)百姓(xing)同(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)歸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)，所謂齊其(qi)(qi)庶(shu)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)者如此。范氏曰(yue)(yue)：“戰國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，民(min)窮(qiong)財(cai)盡，人君獨(du)以(yi)(yi)(yi)南面之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)自(zi)奉其(qi)(qi)身(shen)。孟子(zi)(zi)切于(yu)(yu)救民(min)，故(gu)(gu)因齊王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好(hao)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，開(kai)導其(qi)(qi)善心，深勸其(qi)(qi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，而(er)(er)謂今(jin)(jin)(jin)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)猶古(gu)(gu)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。其(qi)(qi)實今(jin)(jin)(jin)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)古(gu)(gu)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，何(he)可同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)？但與(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)，則(ze)無(wu)(wu)古(gu)(gu)今(jin)(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異耳。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)必(bi)欲以(yi)(yi)(yi)禮(li)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)治(zhi)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)，當如孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，必(bi)用韶舞，必(bi)放(fang)鄭(zheng)聲(sheng)。蓋(gai)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，為(wei)邦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)道；孟子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，救時之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)急務，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)。”楊氏曰(yue)(yue)：“樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)以(yi)(yi)(yi)和為(wei)主，使人聞(wen)(wen)鐘鼓(gu)(gu)管弦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)(er)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)首蹙(cu)頞(e)，則(ze)雖奏(zou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)咸、英、韶、濩，無(wu)(wu)補于(yu)(yu)治(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)孟子(zi)(zi)告(gao)齊王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)此，姑正(zheng)其(qi)(qi)本而(er)(er)已。”

齊宣王問曰(yue)：“文(wen)王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)囿(you)方(fang)七十(shi)里，有(you)(you)諸？”孟子對曰(yue)：“于傳有(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”囿(you)，音(yin)又。傳，直戀反(fan)。囿(you)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，蕃育鳥獸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所。古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)四時(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田，皆于農隙(xi)以(yi)講武(wu)事(shi)，然(ran)不(bu)欲(yu)馳騖于稼穡場圃之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)，故度閑曠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地以(yi)為囿(you)。然(ran)文(wen)王七十(shi)里之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)囿(you)，其亦三(san)分(fen)天下有(you)(you)其二之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后也(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)？傳，謂(wei)古書。曰(yue)：“若是其大(da)(da)乎？”曰(yue)：“民猶(you)以(yi)為小(xiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”曰(yue)：“寡人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)囿(you)方(fang)四十(shi)里，民猶(you)以(yi)為大(da)(da)，何也(ye)(ye)(ye)？”曰(yue)：“文(wen)王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)囿(you)方(fang)七十(shi)里，芻(chu)蕘者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)往焉(yan)，雉兔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)往焉(yan)，與(yu)民同之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。民以(yi)為小(xiao)，不(bu)亦宜乎？芻(chu)，音(yin)初。蕘，音(yin)饒(rao)。芻(chu)，草(cao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。蕘，薪也(ye)(ye)(ye)。臣(chen)(chen)始至于境，問國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)禁(jin)，然(ran)后敢入(ru)。臣(chen)(chen)聞郊關(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內有(you)(you)囿(you)方(fang)四十(shi)里，殺(sha)其麋鹿者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)如殺(sha)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪。則(ze)是方(fang)四十(shi)里，為阱(jing)于國中(zhong)。民以(yi)為大(da)(da)，不(bu)亦宜乎？”阱(jing)，才(cai)性反(fan)。禮：入(ru)國而(er)問禁(jin)。國外百里為郊，郊外有(you)(you)關(guan)。阱(jing)，坎(kan)地以(yi)陷獸者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言陷民于死也(ye)(ye)(ye)。

齊宣王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)問曰：“交鄰國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)道(dao)乎(hu)(hu)？”孟子對曰：“有(you)(you)。惟仁(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)能(neng)(neng)以(yi)大(da)(da)(da)事(shi)小(xiao)，是故(gu)湯事(shi)葛，文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)事(shi)昆(kun)夷；惟智(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)能(neng)(neng)以(yi)小(xiao)事(shi)大(da)(da)(da)，故(gu)大(da)(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)事(shi)獯鬻(yu)，句踐事(shi)吳。獯，音熏。鬻(yu)，音育。句，音鉤。仁(ren)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，寬(kuan)洪惻(ce)怛，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)較計大(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)強弱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)私。故(gu)小(xiao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)雖(sui)或不(bu)恭，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)吾所以(yi)字之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)自不(bu)能(neng)(neng)已(yi)。智(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)明義(yi)理，識時(shi)勢。故(gu)大(da)(da)(da)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)雖(sui)見(jian)(jian)侵(qin)(qin)陵，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)吾所以(yi)事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禮尤不(bu)敢廢(fei)。湯事(shi)見(jian)(jian)后篇(pian)(pian)。文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)事(shi)見(jian)(jian)詩大(da)(da)(da)雅。大(da)(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)事(shi)見(jian)(jian)后章(zhang)。所謂狄人(ren)(ren)，即獯鬻(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。句踐，越王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)名(ming)。事(shi)見(jian)(jian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)語、史記。以(yi)大(da)(da)(da)事(shi)小(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)，樂天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；以(yi)小(xiao)事(shi)大(da)(da)(da)者(zhe)(zhe)，畏(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。樂天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)者(zhe)(zhe)保(bao)(bao)(bao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)，畏(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)者(zhe)(zhe)保(bao)(bao)(bao)其國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。樂，音洛(luo)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)者(zhe)(zhe)，理而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)矣。大(da)(da)(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)字小(xiao)，小(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)大(da)(da)(da)，皆理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)當(dang)然(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。自然(ran)合理，故(gu)曰樂天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。不(bu)敢違理，故(gu)曰畏(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。包(bao)含遍覆，無(wu)不(bu)周(zhou)(zhou)遍，保(bao)(bao)(bao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣象也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。制節謹(jin)度，不(bu)敢縱逸，保(bao)(bao)(bao)一(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)規模也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。詩云(yun)：‘畏(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威(wei)，于(yu)時(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。’”詩周(zhou)(zhou)頌我(wo)將之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)。時(shi)，是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰：“大(da)(da)(da)哉(zai)言(yan)(yan)矣！寡人(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)疾(ji)(ji)，寡人(ren)(ren)好(hao)勇(yong)(yong)。”言(yan)(yan)以(yi)好(hao)勇(yong)(yong)，故(gu)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)事(shi)大(da)(da)(da)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)恤小(xiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。對曰：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)請(qing)無(wu)好(hao)小(xiao)勇(yong)(yong)。夫撫劍疾(ji)(ji)視曰，‘彼(bi)惡敢當(dang)我(wo)哉(zai)’！此(ci)(ci)匹夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勇(yong)(yong)，敵一(yi)人(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)請(qing)大(da)(da)(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)！夫撫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夫，音扶(fu)。惡，平(ping)聲。疾(ji)(ji)視，怒(nu)(nu)目(mu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)視也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。小(xiao)勇(yong)(yong)，血氣所為(wei)。大(da)(da)(da)勇(yong)(yong)，義(yi)理所發。詩云(yun)：‘王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)赫斯怒(nu)(nu)，爰整其旅(lv)，以(yi)遏徂(cu)莒(ju)(ju)，以(yi)篤周(zhou)(zhou)祜(hu)，以(yi)對于(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)。’此(ci)(ci)文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勇(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)一(yi)怒(nu)(nu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)安(an)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民。詩大(da)(da)(da)雅皇矣篇(pian)(pian)。赫，赫然(ran)怒(nu)(nu)貌。爰，于(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。旅(lv)，眾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。遏，詩作“按”，止也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。徂(cu)，往也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。莒(ju)(ju)，詩作旅(lv)。徂(cu)旅(lv)，謂密人(ren)(ren)侵(qin)(qin)阮徂(cu)共之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)眾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。篤，厚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。祜(hu)，福也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。對，答也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，以(yi)答天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)仰望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)勇(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。書(shu)(shu)(shu)曰：‘天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)降下(xia)(xia)民，作之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君，作之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)師。惟曰其助上帝，寵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四方。有(you)(you)罪無(wu)罪，惟我(wo)在，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)曷敢有(you)(you)越厥志(zhi)？’一(yi)人(ren)(ren)衡行于(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)，武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)恥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。此(ci)(ci)武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勇(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)亦(yi)一(yi)怒(nu)(nu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)安(an)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民。衡，與橫同(tong)。書(shu)(shu)(shu)周(zhou)(zhou)書(shu)(shu)(shu)大(da)(da)(da)誓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)所引(yin)與今書(shu)(shu)(shu)文小(xiao)異，今且依此(ci)(ci)解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。寵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四方，寵異之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)四方也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。有(you)(you)罪者(zhe)(zhe)我(wo)得而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)誅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，無(wu)罪者(zhe)(zhe)我(wo)得而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)安(an)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。我(wo)既(ji)在此(ci)(ci)，則天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)何敢有(you)(you)過越其心(xin)志(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)作亂者(zhe)(zhe)乎(hu)(hu)？衡行，謂作亂也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子釋書(shu)(shu)(shu)意如此(ci)(ci)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)亦(yi)大(da)(da)(da)勇(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)亦(yi)一(yi)怒(nu)(nu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)安(an)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民，民惟恐王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)好(hao)勇(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)若能(neng)(neng)如文武(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)，則天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民望其一(yi)怒(nu)(nu)以(yi)除(chu)暴亂，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)拯己于(yu)水(shui)火之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，惟恐王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)好(hao)勇(yong)(yong)耳。此(ci)(ci)章(zhang)言(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)君能(neng)(neng)懲小(xiao)忿(fen)，則能(neng)(neng)恤小(xiao)事(shi)大(da)(da)(da)，以(yi)交鄰國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；能(neng)(neng)養大(da)(da)(da)勇(yong)(yong)，則能(neng)(neng)除(chu)暴救民，以(yi)安(an)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)。張敬夫曰：“小(xiao)勇(yong)(yong)者(zhe)(zhe)，血氣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怒(nu)(nu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大(da)(da)(da)勇(yong)(yong)者(zhe)(zhe)，理義(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怒(nu)(nu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。血氣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怒(nu)(nu)不(bu)可有(you)(you)，理義(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怒(nu)(nu)不(bu)可無(wu)。知此(ci)(ci)，則可以(yi)見(jian)(jian)性情之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)識天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)理人(ren)(ren)欲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分矣。”

齊宣(xuan)王(wang)見(jian)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)雪(xue)(xue)宮(gong)。王(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“賢(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)亦(yi)(yi)有此(ci)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)乎？”孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“有。人(ren)不(bu)(bu)得(de)，則(ze)非(fei)(fei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)矣。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)，音洛，下(xia)同(tong)。雪(xue)(xue)宮(gong)，離宮(gong)名(ming)。言(yan)(yan)人(ren)君(jun)能(neng)與(yu)民(min)(min)(min)同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)，則(ze)人(ren)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有此(ci)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)；不(bu)(bu)然，則(ze)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)得(de)此(ci)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，必(bi)有非(fei)(fei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)君(jun)上(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)。明人(ren)君(jun)當與(yu)民(min)(min)(min)同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)，不(bu)(bu)可使人(ren)有不(bu)(bu)得(de)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，非(fei)(fei)但當與(yu)賢(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)共之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)已也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)得(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)非(fei)(fei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，非(fei)(fei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；為民(min)(min)(min)上(shang)(shang)(shang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)與(yu)民(min)(min)(min)同(tong)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)(yi)非(fei)(fei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。下(xia)不(bu)(bu)安(an)分，上(shang)(shang)(shang)不(bu)(bu)恤民(min)(min)(min)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)非(fei)(fei)理也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)民(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，民(min)(min)(min)亦(yi)(yi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)；憂(you)(you)(you)民(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)憂(you)(you)(you)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，民(min)(min)(min)亦(yi)(yi)憂(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)憂(you)(you)(you)。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)下(xia)，憂(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)下(xia)，然而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，未之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)民(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)而(er)(er)(er)(er)民(min)(min)(min)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)，則(ze)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)下(xia)矣；憂(you)(you)(you)民(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)憂(you)(you)(you)而(er)(er)(er)(er)民(min)(min)(min)憂(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)憂(you)(you)(you)，則(ze)憂(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)下(xia)矣。昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)齊景公問(wen)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)晏子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘吾(wu)欲觀(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)轉(zhuan)附(fu)、朝，遵海(hai)而(er)(er)(er)(er)南，放于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)瑯邪。吾(wu)何(he)(he)修而(er)(er)(er)(er)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)比于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)先王(wang)觀(guan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？’朝，音潮。放，上(shang)(shang)(shang)聲(sheng)。晏子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，齊臣，名(ming)嬰(ying)。轉(zhuan)附(fu)、朝，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)山(shan)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。遵，循也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。放，至也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。瑯邪，齊東(dong)南境(jing)上(shang)(shang)(shang)邑名(ming)。觀(guan)，游(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。晏子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘善哉(zai)問(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)！天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)適諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)巡(xun)狩(shou)，巡(xun)狩(shou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)巡(xun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)守(shou)(shou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)朝于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)述職(zhi)，述職(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)述所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)職(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。無(wu)非(fei)(fei)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。春省耕而(er)(er)(er)(er)補不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)，秋省斂(lian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)助(zhu)不(bu)(bu)給。夏(xia)諺(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“吾(wu)王(wang)不(bu)(bu)游(you)，吾(wu)何(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)休(xiu)？吾(wu)王(wang)不(bu)(bu)豫，吾(wu)何(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)助(zhu)？一(yi)游(you)一(yi)豫，為諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)度。”狩(shou)，舒救反(fan)。省，悉井(jing)反(fan)。述，陳也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。省，視也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。斂(lian)，收獲也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。給，亦(yi)(yi)足(zu)(zu)(zu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夏(xia)諺(yan)，夏(xia)時之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)俗語也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。豫，樂(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。巡(xun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)守(shou)(shou)，巡(xun)行(xing)(xing)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)守(shou)(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。述所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)職(zhi)，陳其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)職(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。皆(jie)(jie)(jie)無(wu)有無(wu)事(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)空行(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)又春秋循行(xing)(xing)郊(jiao)野，察民(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)補助(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故夏(xia)諺(yan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)游(you)一(yi)豫，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有恩惠(hui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及民(min)(min)(min)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)取(qu)法焉，不(bu)(bu)敢無(wu)事(shi)慢(man)游(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)病其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)民(min)(min)(min)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)然：師行(xing)(xing)而(er)(er)(er)(er)糧食(shi)，饑者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)弗食(shi)，勞(lao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)弗息。睊(juan)睊(juan)胥讒，民(min)(min)(min)乃作(zuo)慝(ni)。方(fang)命虐民(min)(min)(min)，飲食(shi)若(ruo)流(liu)。流(liu)連(lian)荒(huang)亡(wang)，為諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)憂(you)(you)(you)。睊(juan)，古縣反(fan)。今，謂(wei)(wei)晏子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)時也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。師，眾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。二(er)千五百(bai)人(ren)為師。春秋傳曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“君(jun)行(xing)(xing)師從(cong)。”糧，謂(wei)(wei)糗(qiu)糒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬。睊(juan)睊(juan)，側目貌(mao)。胥，相也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。讒，謗也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。慝(ni)，怨惡也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，言(yan)(yan)民(min)(min)(min)不(bu)(bu)勝其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)勞(lao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)起謗怨也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。方(fang)，逆(ni)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。命，王(wang)命也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)流(liu)，如水之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)，無(wu)窮極也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。流(liu)連(lian)荒(huang)亡(wang)，解見(jian)下(xia)文。諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)，謂(wei)(wei)附(fu)庸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國，縣邑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長。從(cong)流(liu)下(xia)而(er)(er)(er)(er)忘反(fan)謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)，從(cong)流(liu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)忘反(fan)謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)連(lian)，從(cong)獸無(wu)厭(yan)謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)荒(huang)，樂(le)(le)(le)(le)酒無(wu)厭(yan)謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亡(wang)。厭(yan)，平聲(sheng)。此(ci)釋上(shang)(shang)(shang)文之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。從(cong)流(liu)下(xia)，謂(wei)(wei)放舟隨水而(er)(er)(er)(er)下(xia)。從(cong)流(liu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，謂(wei)(wei)挽(wan)舟逆(ni)水而(er)(er)(er)(er)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。從(cong)獸，田(tian)獵也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。荒(huang)，廢也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)酒，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飲酒為樂(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。亡(wang)，猶(you)失(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，言(yan)(yan)廢時失(shi)(shi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先王(wang)無(wu)流(liu)連(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)，荒(huang)亡(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)。行(xing)(xing)，去聲(sheng)。惟君(jun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)行(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’言(yan)(yan)先王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法，今時之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弊，二(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)惟在君(jun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)行(xing)(xing)耳。景公說(shuo)，大戒于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國，出舍(she)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)郊(jiao)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)始(shi)興(xing)發補不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)。召(zhao)大師曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘為我(wo)作(zuo)君(jun)臣相說(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)！’蓋(gai)征招(zhao)角招(zhao)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)詩(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘畜(chu)君(jun)何(he)(he)尤(you)？’畜(chu)君(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，好君(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”說(shuo)，音悅。為，去聲(sheng)。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)，如字。征，陟里反(fan)。招(zhao)，與(yu)韶同(tong)。畜(chu)，敕(chi)六反(fan)。戒，告命也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。出舍(she)，自責以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)省民(min)(min)(min)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。興(xing)發，發倉廩也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大師，樂(le)(le)(le)(le)官也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。君(jun)臣，己與(yu)晏子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)有五聲(sheng)，三曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)角為民(min)(min)(min)，四(si)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)征為事(shi)。招(zhao)，舜樂(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)詩(shi)，征招(zhao)角招(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)詩(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。尤(you)，過(guo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)晏子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)能(neng)畜(chu)止其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)欲，宜為君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)尤(you)，然其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)則(ze)何(he)(he)過(guo)哉(zai)？孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)釋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為臣能(neng)畜(chu)止其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)欲，乃是(shi)愛其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)君(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。尹氏(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)民(min)(min)(min)，貴(gui)賤雖不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，然其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)未始(shi)有異也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)，可謂(wei)(wei)深切矣。齊王(wang)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)推而(er)(er)(er)(er)用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，惜哉(zai)！”

齊(qi)宣王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)問曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆謂我毀明(ming)堂(tang)(tang)。毀諸？已乎(hu)？”趙氏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“明(ming)堂(tang)(tang)，太(tai)山明(ming)堂(tang)(tang)。周天(tian)子(zi)東巡守朝諸侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)處，漢時遺址尚在(zai)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)欲(yu)毀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，蓋(gai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)子(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)復(fu)巡守，諸侯又不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)當(dang)居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)問當(dang)毀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎(hu)？且止(zhi)乎(hu)？”孟子(zi)對曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“夫明(ming)堂(tang)(tang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)堂(tang)(tang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)欲(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)政，則(ze)勿(wu)毀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)(yi)。”夫，音扶。明(ming)堂(tang)(tang)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)所(suo)(suo)居(ju)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)出(chu)政令(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。能(neng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)政，則(ze)亦可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)矣(yi)(yi)。何必(bi)毀哉(zai)？王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)政可(ke)(ke)得(de)聞與(yu)(yu)？”對曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“昔(xi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治岐(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，耕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)九(jiu)一，仕(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)世(shi)祿(lu)，關市(shi)譏而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)征，澤(ze)梁(liang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)禁(jin)(jin)，罪人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)孥。老(lao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)妻(qi)(qi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)鰥(guan)。老(lao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夫曰(yue)(yue)(yue)寡(gua)。老(lao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)子(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)獨(du)。幼(you)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)父(fu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)孤。此(ci)四者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，天(tian)下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)窮民(min)(min)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)告(gao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)發政施仁，必(bi)先斯四者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。詩(shi)(shi)云(yun)：‘哿(ge)矣(yi)(yi)富人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，哀此(ci)煢獨(du)。’”與(yu)(yu)，平(ping)聲。孥，音奴。鰥(guan)，姑頑(wan)反。哿(ge)，工〔一〕可(ke)(ke)反。煢，音瓊。岐(qi)(qi)，周之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舊國(guo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。九(jiu)一者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，井(jing)田(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。方(fang)一里(li)為(wei)(wei)一井(jing)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)田(tian)九(jiu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)畝(mu)(mu)。中畫(hua)井(jing)字(zi)(zi)(zi)，界為(wei)(wei)九(jiu)區。一區之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，為(wei)(wei)田(tian)百(bai)(bai)(bai)畝(mu)(mu)。中百(bai)(bai)(bai)畝(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)，外(wai)八百(bai)(bai)(bai)畝(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)私田(tian)。八家(jia)各(ge)受私田(tian)百(bai)(bai)(bai)畝(mu)(mu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)同(tong)(tong)養(yang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)，是(shi)九(jiu)分(fen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)稅其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。世(shi)祿(lu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，先王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)，仕(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)孫皆教(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，教(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)成材(cai)則(ze)官之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。如(ru)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足用，亦使(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)祿(lu)。蓋(gai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)先世(shi)嘗有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)功(gong)德于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)，故報之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)此(ci)，忠厚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。關，謂道路之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)關。市(shi)，謂都邑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)市(shi)。譏，察(cha)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。征，稅也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。關市(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吏，察(cha)異(yi)服異(yi)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)征商(shang)賈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稅也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。澤(ze)，謂潴水(shui)。梁(liang)，謂魚梁(liang)。與(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)同(tong)(tong)利，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)設禁(jin)(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孥，妻(qi)(qi)子(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。惡(e)惡(e)止(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)身，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)及妻(qi)(qi)子(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)養(yang)民(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政：導其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)妻(qi)(qi)子(zi)，使(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)養(yang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)老(lao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)恤其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)幼(you)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)幸而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鰥(guan)寡(gua)孤獨(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)父(fu)母妻(qi)(qi)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)養(yang)，則(ze)尤宜憐恤，故必(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)先也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。詩(shi)(shi)小(xiao)雅(ya)正月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)。哿(ge)，可(ke)(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。煢，困(kun)悴貌。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“善哉(zai)言(yan)乎(hu)！”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)如(ru)善之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)何為(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)？”王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)疾(ji)，寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)好貨(huo)云(yun)：‘乃(nai)積乃(nai)倉(cang)，乃(nai)裹(guo)糇糧(liang)(liang)(liang)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)橐(tuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)囊。思(si)戢用光(guang)。弓矢斯張(zhang)，干戈戚揚，爰方(fang)啟行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。’故居(ju)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)積倉(cang)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)裹(guo)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)〔二(er)〕也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，然后(hou)(hou)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)爰方(fang)啟行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)如(ru)好貨(huo)，與(yu)(yu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)同(tong)(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)何有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)？”糇，音侯。橐(tuo)，音托。戢，詩(shi)(shi)作(zuo)輯，音集(ji)(ji)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)自以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)好貨(huo)，故取民(min)(min)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)制(zhi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)此(ci)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)政。公(gong)(gong)(gong)劉，后(hou)(hou)稷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曾孫也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。詩(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)雅(ya)公(gong)(gong)(gong)劉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)。積，露積也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。糇，干糧(liang)(liang)(liang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)底(di)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)橐(tuo)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)底(di)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)囊。皆所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)盛(sheng)糇糧(liang)(liang)(liang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。戢，安集(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)思(si)安集(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)民(min)(min)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)光(guang)大(da)(da)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)家(jia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。戚，斧(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。揚，鉞也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。爰，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。啟行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，言(yan)往遷于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)豳也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。何有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，言(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)難(nan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子(zi)言(yan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)劉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)富足如(ru)此(ci)，是(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)劉好貨(huo)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)能(neng)推(tui)己之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及民(min)(min)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)好貨(huo)，亦能(neng)如(ru)此(ci)，則(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)天(tian)下也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，何難(nan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)？王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)疾(ji)，寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)好色(se)。”對曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“昔(xi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)好色(se)，愛厥(jue)妃。詩(shi)(shi)云(yun)：‘古公(gong)(gong)(gong)亶(dan)(dan)甫(fu)(fu)，來(lai)(lai)朝走(zou)馬(ma)，率西(xi)水(shui)滸(hu)(hu)，至于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)岐(qi)(qi)下。爰及姜女，聿(yu)來(lai)(lai)胥宇(yu)。’當(dang)是(shi)時也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，內(nei)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)怨(yuan)女，外(wai)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)曠夫。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)如(ru)好色(se)，與(yu)(yu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)同(tong)(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)何有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)？”大(da)(da)，音泰。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)又言(yan)此(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，好色(se)則(ze)心志蠱惑，用度奢侈，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)政也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)劉九(jiu)世(shi)孫。詩(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)雅(ya)綿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。古公(gong)(gong)(gong)，大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)號，后(hou)(hou)乃(nai)追尊為(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。亶(dan)(dan)甫(fu)(fu)，大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)名也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。來(lai)(lai)朝走(zou)馬(ma)，避狄人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)難(nan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。率，循也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。滸(hu)(hu)，水(shui)涯(ya)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。岐(qi)(qi)下，岐(qi)(qi)山之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。姜女，大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妃也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。胥，相也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。宇(yu)，居(ju)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曠，空也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)怨(yuan)曠者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是(shi)大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)好色(se)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)能(neng)推(tui)己之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)?民(min)(min)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。楊氏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“孟子(zi)與(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)君(jun)言(yan)，皆所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)擴充其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)善心而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)格其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)非(fei)心，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)止(zhi)就事(shi)論(lun)事(shi)。若使(shi)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)臣者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，論(lun)事(shi)每如(ru)此(ci)，豈(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)堯舜其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)君(jun)乎(hu)？”愚謂此(ci)篇(pian)(pian)自首章至此(ci)，大(da)(da)意皆同(tong)(tong)。蓋(gai)鐘鼓、苑囿、游觀(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂，與(yu)(yu)夫好勇、好貨(huo)、好色(se)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心，皆天(tian)理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)情之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。然天(tian)理人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)欲(yu)，同(tong)(tong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)異(yi)情。循理而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)公(gong)(gong)(gong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)下者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，圣(sheng)賢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)盡(jin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；縱欲(yu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)私于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)一己者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，眾人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)滅其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)天(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。二(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)發，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)非(fei)得(de)失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歸(gui)，相去遠(yuan)矣(yi)(yi)。故孟子(zi)因(yin)時君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)問，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)剖析于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)幾微之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)際，皆所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)遏人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)欲(yu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)存天(tian)理。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)法似疏而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)實(shi)密，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)似易而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)實(shi)難(nan)。學者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)身體之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)識(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)非(fei)曲(qu)學阿世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)克(ke)己復(fu)禮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)端矣(yi)(yi)。〔一〕“工”原作(zuo)“二(er)”，據清仿(fang)(fang)宋大(da)(da)字(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)改。〔二(er)〕“糧(liang)(liang)(liang)”，清仿(fang)(fang)宋大(da)(da)字(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)作(zuo)“囊”。

孟子(zi)謂齊(qi)宣王(wang)曰(yue)(yue)：“王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣有(you)(you)托(tuo)其(qi)妻(qi)子(zi)于其(qi)友(you)，而之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)楚游(you)者(zhe)。比其(qi)反也(ye)(ye)(ye)，則凍餒其(qi)妻(qi)子(zi)，則如(ru)(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何？”王(wang)曰(yue)(yue)：“棄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”比，必二(er)反。托(tuo)，寄也(ye)(ye)(ye)。比，及也(ye)(ye)(ye)。棄，絕也(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)：“士(shi)(shi)師不能(neng)治(zhi)士(shi)(shi)，則如(ru)(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何？”王(wang)曰(yue)(yue)：“已(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”士(shi)(shi)師，獄官(guan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)屬有(you)(you)鄉(xiang)士(shi)(shi)遂(sui)士(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官(guan)，士(shi)(shi)師皆(jie)當治(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。已(yi)(yi)，罷去(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)：“四境(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內不治(zhi)，則如(ru)(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何？”王(wang)顧左右而言他。治(zhi)，去(qu)聲。孟子(zi)將(jiang)問此而先(xian)設上二(er)事以發之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，及此而王(wang)不能(neng)答也(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)憚(dan)于自責，恥于下問如(ru)(ru)此，不足與有(you)(you)為可知(zhi)矣。趙氏曰(yue)(yue)“言君臣上下各勤其(qi)任(ren)，無(wu)墮其(qi)職，乃安其(qi)身。”

孟(meng)子見(jian)齊宣王(wang)曰：“所(suo)(suo)謂故(gu)(gu)(gu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，非謂有(you)(you)喬木之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，有(you)(you)世臣(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)無親臣(chen)(chen)矣(yi)(yi)，昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)所(suo)(suo)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，今(jin)日(ri)不知其(qi)亡(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”世臣(chen)(chen)，累世勛(xun)舊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)(chen)，與國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)同(tong)休戚(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。親臣(chen)(chen)，君所(suo)(suo)親信(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)(chen)，與君同(tong)休戚(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)言喬木世臣(chen)(chen)，皆故(gu)(gu)(gu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)所(suo)(suo)宜有(you)(you)。然所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)為故(gu)(gu)(gu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，則(ze)在(zai)此(ci)(ci)而不在(zai)彼也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。昨日(ri)所(suo)(suo)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)，今(jin)日(ri)有(you)(you)亡(wang)去(qu)(qu)(qu)而不知者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，則(ze)無親臣(chen)(chen)矣(yi)(yi)。況世臣(chen)(chen)乎？王(wang)曰：“吾何以(yi)(yi)識(shi)其(qi)不才(cai)(cai)而舍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？”舍，上(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)。王(wang)意以(yi)(yi)為此(ci)(ci)亡(wang)去(qu)(qu)(qu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，皆不才(cai)(cai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)。我初不知而誤用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)今(jin)不以(yi)(yi)其(qi)去(qu)(qu)(qu)為意耳。因(yin)問何以(yi)(yi)先識(shi)其(qi)不才(cai)(cai)而舍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邪？曰：“國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)君進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)賢(xian)(xian)，如(ru)(ru)不得已，將(jiang)使卑(bei)踰(yu)尊，疏(shu)踰(yu)戚(qi)，可(ke)(ke)不慎與？與，平聲(sheng)(sheng)。如(ru)(ru)不得已，言謹(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蓋(gai)尊尊親親，禮(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常(chang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然或尊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)親者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)未(wei)必(bi)賢(xian)(xian)，則(ze)必(bi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)疏(shu)遠(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賢(xian)(xian)而用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。是使卑(bei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)踰(yu)尊，疏(shu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)踰(yu)戚(qi)，非禮(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常(chang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)不可(ke)(ke)不謹(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。左右(you)皆曰賢(xian)(xian)，未(wei)可(ke)(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；諸(zhu)(zhu)大(da)夫(fu)皆曰賢(xian)(xian)，未(wei)可(ke)(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)皆曰賢(xian)(xian)，然后(hou)(hou)察(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；見(jian)賢(xian)(xian)焉，然后(hou)(hou)用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。左右(you)皆曰不可(ke)(ke)，勿聽(ting)；諸(zhu)(zhu)大(da)夫(fu)皆曰不可(ke)(ke)，勿聽(ting)；國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)皆曰不可(ke)(ke)，然后(hou)(hou)察(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；見(jian)不可(ke)(ke)焉，然后(hou)(hou)去(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。去(qu)(qu)(qu)，上(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)。左右(you)近臣(chen)(chen)，其(qi)言固未(wei)可(ke)(ke)信(xin)(xin)。諸(zhu)(zhu)大(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言，宜可(ke)(ke)信(xin)(xin)矣(yi)(yi)，然猶恐(kong)其(qi)蔽于(yu)(yu)私(si)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)，則(ze)其(qi)論公(gong)矣(yi)(yi)，然猶必(bi)察(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，蓋(gai)人(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)同(tong)俗而為眾(zhong)所(suo)(suo)悅者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦有(you)(you)特立(li)而為俗所(suo)(suo)憎(zeng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)必(bi)自察(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而親見(jian)其(qi)賢(xian)(xian)否(fou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)，然后(hou)(hou)從而用(yong)舍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；則(ze)于(yu)(yu)賢(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)知之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深，任(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重，而不才(cai)(cai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不得以(yi)(yi)幸(xing)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)矣(yi)(yi)。所(suo)(suo)謂進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)賢(xian)(xian)如(ru)(ru)不得已者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)如(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)。左右(you)皆曰可(ke)(ke)殺，勿聽(ting)；諸(zhu)(zhu)大(da)夫(fu)皆曰可(ke)(ke)殺，勿聽(ting)；國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)皆曰可(ke)(ke)殺，然后(hou)(hou)察(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；見(jian)可(ke)(ke)殺焉，然后(hou)(hou)殺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)曰，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)殺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)言非獨(du)以(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)退(tui)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)，至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)用(yong)刑(xing)，亦以(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)道。蓋(gai)所(suo)(suo)謂天命天討，皆非人(ren)(ren)君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)得私(si)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。如(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)，然后(hou)(hou)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)為民(min)父母。”傳曰：“民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)好好之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)惡惡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，此(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父母。”

齊宣王(wang)問曰(yue)：“湯(tang)放桀(jie)(jie)，武王(wang)伐紂(zhou)，有(you)(you)諸？”孟子對曰(yue)：“于(yu)傳有(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”傳，直戀反。放，置(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。書(shu)曰(yue)：“成湯(tang)放桀(jie)(jie)于(yu)南巢。”曰(yue)：“臣弒其(qi)君(jun)可乎？”桀(jie)(jie)紂(zhou)，天子，湯(tang)武，諸侯。曰(yue)：“賊(zei)仁(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賊(zei)，賊(zei)義者(zhe)(zhe)謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殘(can)，殘(can)賊(zei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)夫(fu)。聞(wen)誅(zhu)一(yi)夫(fu)紂(zhou)矣，未聞(wen)弒君(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”賊(zei)，害(hai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。殘(can)，傷(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。害(hai)仁(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)，兇暴淫虐，滅絕天理(li)，故謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賊(zei)。害(hai)義者(zhe)(zhe)，顛(dian)倒錯亂，傷(shang)敗(bai)彝倫，故謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殘(can)。一(yi)夫(fu)，言(yan)眾叛(pan)親離，不復以為君(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。書(shu)曰(yue)：“獨(du)夫(fu)紂(zhou)。”蓋四海歸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則為天子；天下叛(pan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則為獨(du)夫(fu)。所以深警齊王(wang)，垂(chui)戒后(hou)世也(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)勉曰(yue)：“斯言(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，惟(wei)在下者(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)湯(tang)武之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仁(ren)(ren)，而在上者(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)桀(jie)(jie)紂(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)暴則可。不然，是未免(mian)于(yu)篡弒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”

孟子見齊宣王曰：“為巨室，則必使工師求大木。工師得大木。則王喜，以為能勝其任也。匠人斲而小之，則王怒，以為不勝其任矣。夫人幼而學之，壯而欲行之。王曰‘姑舍女所學而從我’，則何如？勝，平聲。夫，音扶。舍，上聲。女，音汝，下同。巨室，大宮也。工師，匠人之長。匠人，眾工人也。姑，且也。言賢人所學者大，而王欲小之也。今有璞玉于此，雖萬鎰，必使玉人雕琢之。至于治國家，則曰‘姑舍女所學而從我’，則何以異于教玉人雕琢玉哉？”鎰，音溢。璞，玉之在石中者。鎰，二十兩也。玉人，玉工也。不敢自治而付之能者，愛之甚也。治國家則殉私欲而不任賢，是愛國家不如愛玉也。范氏曰：“古之賢者，常患人君不能行其所學；而世之庸君，亦常患賢者不能從其所好。是以君臣相遇，自古以為難。孔孟終身而不遇，蓋以此耳。”
齊人伐燕，勝之。按史記，燕王噲讓國于其相子之，而國大亂。齊因伐之。燕士卒不戰，城門不閉，遂大勝燕。宣王問曰：“或謂寡人勿取，或謂寡人取之。以萬乘之國伐萬乘之國，五旬而舉之，人力不至于此。不取，必有天殃。取之，何如？”乘，去聲，下同。以伐燕為宣王事，與史記諸書不同，已見序說。孟子對曰：“取之而燕民悅，則取之。古之人有行之者，武王是也。取之而燕民不悅，則勿取。古之人有行之者，文王是也。商紂之世，文王三分天下有其二，以服事殷。至武王十三年，乃伐紂而有天下。張子曰：“此事閑不容發。一日之閑。天命未絕，則是君臣。當日命絕，則為獨夫。然命之絕否，何以知之？人情而已。諸侯不期而會者八百，武王安得而止之哉？”以萬乘之國伐萬乘之國，簞食壺漿，以迎王師。豈有他哉？避水火也。如水益深，如火益熱，亦運而已矣。”簞，音丹。食，音嗣。簞，竹器。食，飯也。運，轉也。言齊若更為暴虐，則民將轉而望救于他人矣。趙氏曰：“征伐之道，當順民心。民心悅，則天意得矣。”
齊人伐燕，取之。諸侯將謀救燕。宣王曰：“諸侯多謀伐寡人者，何以待之？”孟子對曰：“臣聞七十里為政于天下者，湯是也。未聞以千里畏人者也。千里畏人，指齊王也。書曰：‘湯一征，自葛始。’天下信之。‘東面而征，西夷怨；南面而征，北狄怨。曰，奚為后我？’民望之，若大旱之望云霓也。歸市者不止，耕者不變。誅其君而吊其民，若時雨降，民大悅。書曰：‘徯我后，后來其蘇。’霓，五稽反。徯，胡禮反。兩引書，皆商書仲虺之誥文也。與今書文亦小異。一征，初征也。天下信之，信其志在救民，不為暴也。奚為后我，言湯何為不先來征我之國也。霓，虹也。云合則雨，虹見則止。變，動也。徯，待也。后，君也。蘇，復生也。他國之民，皆以湯為我君，而待其來，使己得蘇息也。此言湯之所以七十里而為政于天下也。今燕虐其民，王往而征之。民以為將拯己于水火之中也，簞食壺漿，以迎王師。若殺其父兄，系累其子弟，毀其宗廟，遷其重器，如之何其可也？天下固畏齊之強也。今又倍地而不行仁政，是動天下之兵也。累，力追反。拯，救也。系累，縶縛也。重器，寶器也。畏，忌也。倍地，幷燕而增一倍之地也。齊之取燕，若能如湯之征葛，則燕人悅之，而齊可為政于天下矣。今乃不行仁政而肆為殘虐，則無以慰燕民之望，而服諸侯之心，是以不免乎以千里而畏人也。王速出令，反其旄倪，止其重器，謀于燕眾，置君而后去之，則猶可及止也。”旄與耄同。倪，五稽反。反，還也。旄，老人也。倪，小兒也。謂所虜略之老小也。猶，尚也。及止，及其未發而止之也。范氏曰“孟子事齊梁之君，論道德則必稱堯舜，論征伐則必稱湯武。蓋治民不法堯舜，則是為暴；行師不法湯武，則是為亂。豈可謂吾君不能，而舍所學以徇之哉？”
鄒與魯哄。穆公問曰：“吾有司死者三十三人，而民莫之死也。誅之，則不可勝誅；不誅，則疾視其長上之死而不救，如之何則可也？”哄，胡弄反。勝，平聲。長，上聲，下同。哄，斗聲也。穆公，鄒君也。不可勝誅，言人眾不可盡誅也。長上，謂有司也。民怨其上，故疾視其死而不救也。孟子對曰：“兇年饑歲，君之民老弱轉乎溝壑，壯者散而之四方者，幾千人矣；而君之倉廩實，府庫充，有司莫以告，是上慢而殘下也。曾子曰：‘戒之戒之！出乎爾者，反乎爾者也。’夫民今而后得反之也。君無尤焉。幾，上聲。夫，音扶。轉，饑餓輾轉而死也。充，滿也。上，謂君及有司也。尤，過也。君行仁政，斯民親其上、死其長矣。”君不仁而求富，是以有司知重斂而不知恤民。故君行仁政，則有司皆愛其民，而民亦愛之矣。范氏曰：“書曰：‘民惟邦本，本固邦寧。’有倉廩府庫，所以為民也。豐年則斂之，兇年則散之，恤其饑寒，救其疾苦。是以民親愛其上，有危難則赴救之，如子弟之衛父兄，手足之捍頭目也。穆公不能反己，猶欲歸罪于民，豈不誤哉？”
滕文公問曰：“滕，小國也，間于齊楚。事齊乎？事楚乎？”間，去聲。滕，國名。孟子對曰：“是謀非吾所能及也。無已，則有一焉：鑿斯池也，筑斯城也，與民守之，效死而民弗去，則是可為也。”無已見前篇。一，謂一說也。效，猶致也。國君死社稷，故致死以守國。至于民亦為之死守而不去，則非有以深得其心者不能也。此章言有國者當守義而愛民，不可僥幸而茍免。
滕文公問曰：“齊人將筑薛，吾甚恐。如之何則可？”薛，國名，近滕。齊取其地而城之，故文公以其偪己而恐也。孟子對曰：“昔者大王居邠，狄人侵之，去之岐山之下居焉。非擇而取之，不得已也。邠，與豳同。邠，地名。言大王非以岐下為善，擇取而居之也。詳見下章。茍為善，后世子孫必有王者矣。君子創業垂統，為可繼也。若夫成功，則天也。君如彼何哉？強為善而已矣。”夫，音扶。強，上聲。創，造。統，緒也。言能為善，則如大王雖失其地，而其后世遂有天下，乃天理也。然君子造基業于前，而垂統緒于后，但能不失其正，令后世可繼續而行耳。若夫成功，則豈可必乎？彼，齊也。君之力既無如之何，則但強于為善，使其可繼而俟命于天耳。此章言人君但當竭力于其所當為，不可徼幸于其所難必。
滕文公問曰：“滕，小國也。竭力以事大國，則不得免焉。如之何則可？”孟子對曰：“昔者大王居邠，狄人侵之。事之以皮幣，不得免焉；事之以犬馬，不得免焉；事之以珠玉，不得免焉。乃屬其耆老而告之曰：‘狄人之所欲者，吾土地也。吾聞之也：君子不以其所以養人者害人。二三子何患乎無君？我將去之。’去邠，踰梁山，邑于岐山之下居焉。邠人曰：‘仁人也，不可失也。’從之者如歸市。屬，音燭。皮，謂虎、豹、麋、鹿之皮也。幣，帛也。屬，會集也。土地本生物以養人，今爭地而殺人，是以其所以養人者害人也。邑，作邑也。歸市，人眾而爭先也。或曰：‘世守也，非身之所能為也。效死勿去。’又言或謂土地乃先人所受而世守之者，非己所能專。但當致死守之，不可舍去。此國君死社稷之常法。傳所謂國滅君死之，正也，正謂此也。君請擇于斯二者。”能如大王則避之，不能則謹守常法。蓋遷國以圖存者，權也；守正而俟死者，義也。審己量力，擇而處之可也。楊氏曰：“孟子之于文公，始告之以效死而已，禮之正也。至其甚恐，則以大王之事告之，非得已也。然無大王之德而去，則民或不從而遂至于亡，則又不若效死之為愈。故又請擇于斯二者。”又曰：“孟子所論，自世俗觀之，則可謂無謀矣。然理之可為者，不過如此。舍此則必為儀秦之為矣。凡事求可，功求成。取必于智謀之末而不循天理之正者，非圣賢之道也。
魯(lu)平(ping)公(gong)將出(chu)。嬖人(ren)臧(zang)(zang)倉者(zhe)請(qing)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“他日君(jun)出(chu)，則(ze)必命有(you)(you)司所(suo)(suo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。今乘輿已駕矣，有(you)(you)司未知(zhi)所(suo)(suo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。敢請(qing)。”公(gong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“將見(jian)(jian)(jian)孟(meng)子。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“何哉(zai)？君(jun)所(suo)(suo)為(wei)輕(qing)身以先(xian)于匹夫者(zhe)，以為(wei)賢(xian)乎？禮義由(you)賢(xian)者(zhe)出(chu)。而孟(meng)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后喪(sang)(sang)踰(yu)(yu)前喪(sang)(sang)。君(jun)無見(jian)(jian)(jian)焉(yan)！”公(gong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“諾(nuo)。”乘，去(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。乘輿，君(jun)車(che)也(ye)。駕，駕馬也(ye)。孟(meng)子前喪(sang)(sang)父(fu)，后喪(sang)(sang)母(mu)。踰(yu)(yu)，過也(ye)，言其厚(hou)母(mu)薄父(fu)也(ye)。諾(nuo)，應辭也(ye)。樂(le)(le)正(zheng)(zheng)子入(ru)見(jian)(jian)(jian)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“君(jun)奚為(wei)不(bu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)孟(meng)軻也(ye)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“或(huo)告寡(gua)人(ren)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)，‘孟(meng)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后喪(sang)(sang)踰(yu)(yu)前喪(sang)(sang)’，是以不(bu)往(wang)見(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“何哉(zai)君(jun)所(suo)(suo)謂(wei)踰(yu)(yu)者(zhe)？前以士，后以大(da)夫；前以三鼎(ding)(ding)，而后以五鼎(ding)(ding)與(yu)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否(fou)。謂(wei)棺槨衣衾(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美也(ye)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“非(fei)所(suo)(suo)謂(wei)踰(yu)(yu)也(ye)，貧富不(bu)同也(ye)。”入(ru)見(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)，音現。與(yu)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)。樂(le)(le)正(zheng)(zheng)〔一〕子，孟(meng)子弟子也(ye)，仕于魯(lu)。三鼎(ding)(ding)，士祭(ji)禮。五鼎(ding)(ding)，大(da)夫祭(ji)禮。樂(le)(le)正(zheng)(zheng)子見(jian)(jian)(jian)孟(meng)子，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“克告于君(jun)，君(jun)為(wei)來(lai)見(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)。嬖人(ren)有(you)(you)臧(zang)(zang)倉者(zhe)沮君(jun)，君(jun)是以不(bu)果來(lai)也(ye)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“行(xing)或(huo)使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，止(zhi)或(huo)尼(ni)(ni)(ni)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。行(xing)止(zhi)，非(fei)人(ren)所(suo)(suo)能也(ye)。吾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)遇魯(lu)侯，天也(ye)。臧(zang)(zang)氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子焉(yan)能使予不(bu)遇哉(zai)？”為(wei)，去(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。沮，慈呂反(fan)。尼(ni)(ni)(ni)，女(nv)乙反(fan)。焉(yan)，于虔(qian)反(fan)。克，樂(le)(le)正(zheng)(zheng)子名。沮尼(ni)(ni)(ni)，皆止(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意也(ye)。言人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)，必有(you)(you)人(ren)使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)。其止(zhi)，必有(you)(you)人(ren)尼(ni)(ni)(ni)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)。然其所(suo)(suo)以行(xing)所(suo)(suo)以止(zhi)，則(ze)固有(you)(you)天命，而非(fei)此(ci)(ci)人(ren)所(suo)(suo)能使，亦(yi)非(fei)此(ci)(ci)人(ren)所(suo)(suo)能尼(ni)(ni)(ni)也(ye)。然則(ze)我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)遇，豈臧(zang)(zang)倉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)能為(wei)哉(zai)？此(ci)(ci)章(zhang)言圣(sheng)賢(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)處，關時運之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛(sheng)衰。乃天命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)為(wei)，非(fei)人(ren)力之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可及。”〔一〕“正(zheng)(zheng)”字，原誤作“王”。

孟子卷三

　公孫丑章句上

凡九章。
公(gong)孫(sun)丑問(wen)(wen)曰(yue)：“夫(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)當路于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，管(guan)仲(zhong)、晏(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)，可復(fu)許(xu)乎？”復(fu)，扶(fu)又(you)反。公(gong)孫(sun)丑，孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。當路，居(ju)要(yao)地(di)(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。管(guan)仲(zhong)，齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大夫(fu)，名(ming)夷(yi)吾(wu)(wu)，相(xiang)桓公(gong)，霸(ba)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯。許(xu)，猶(you)(you)(you)期也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)未(wei)嘗得(de)政(zheng)，丑蓋設辭(ci)以(yi)問(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)誠齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，知(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)仲(zhong)、晏(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)矣(yi)。齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)但(dan)知(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)國有(you)(you)(you)二子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)復(fu)知(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)賢(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。或(huo)問(wen)(wen)乎曾(ceng)(ceng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)曰(yue)；‘吾(wu)(wu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)路孰(shu)賢(xian)？’曾(ceng)(ceng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)然(ran)曰(yue)：‘吾(wu)(wu)先子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所畏也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’曰(yue)：‘然(ran)則(ze)吾(wu)(wu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與(yu)(yu)管(guan)仲(zhong)孰(shu)賢(xian)？’曾(ceng)(ceng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)艴然(ran)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)悅，曰(yue)：‘爾何曾(ceng)(ceng)比(bi)(bi)予于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)管(guan)仲(zhong)？管(guan)仲(zhong)得(de)君(jun)，如(ru)彼其(qi)(qi)(qi)專(zhuan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；行(xing)(xing)乎國政(zheng)，如(ru)彼其(qi)(qi)(qi)久(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；功(gong)(gong)烈(lie)，如(ru)彼其(qi)(qi)(qi)卑也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。爾何曾(ceng)(ceng)比(bi)(bi)予于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)？’”，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)六反。艴，音(yin)拂。又(you)音(yin)勃(bo)。曾(ceng)(ceng)，并音(yin)增(zeng)。孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)引曾(ceng)(ceng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)或(huo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)問(wen)(wen)答如(ru)此(ci)(ci)。曾(ceng)(ceng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)，曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孫(sun)。，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)安(an)貌(mao)。先子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。艴，怒色也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曾(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)則(ze)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。烈(lie)，猶(you)(you)(you)光(guang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。桓公(gong)獨任管(guan)仲(zhong)四十余年，是(shi)專(zhuan)且(qie)久(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。管(guan)仲(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)道而(er)(er)(er)(er)行(xing)(xing)霸(ba)術，故(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)功(gong)(gong)烈(lie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卑也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。楊氏曰(yue)“孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)路之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才(cai)，曰(yue)：‘千乘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國，可使(shi)治其(qi)(qi)(qi)賦(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’使(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)見于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)施(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，如(ru)是(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)九合(he)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯，一(yi)匡天下(xia)，固(gu)有(you)(you)(you)所不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)逮也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)則(ze)曾(ceng)(ceng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)推尊子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)路如(ru)此(ci)(ci)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)羞(xiu)比(bi)(bi)管(guan)仲(zhong)者何哉？譬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)御者，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)路則(ze)范我(wo)馳驅而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)獲(huo)者也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；管(guan)仲(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)，詭(gui)遇而(er)(er)(er)(er)獲(huo)禽耳。曾(ceng)(ceng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)，仲(zhong)尼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)道管(guan)仲(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。”曰(yue)：“管(guan)仲(zhong)，曾(ceng)(ceng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)愿(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎？”子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，去(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。曰(yue)，孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。愿(yuan)(yuan)，望(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)：“管(guan)仲(zhong)以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)君(jun)霸(ba)，晏(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)君(jun)顯(xian)。管(guan)仲(zhong)、晏(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)猶(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)(yu)？”與(yu)(yu)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)。顯(xian)，顯(xian)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)：“以(yi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)，由反手也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”王(wang)(wang)(wang)，去(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。由猶(you)(you)(you)通(tong)。反手，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)易(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)：“若(ruo)是(shi)，則(ze)弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惑滋甚。且(qie)以(yi)文王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德，百年而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)崩，猶(you)(you)(you)未(wei)洽于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天下(xia)；武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)、周公(gong)繼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)大行(xing)(xing)。今(jin)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)若(ruo)易(yi)(yi)然(ran)，則(ze)文王(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足法與(yu)(yu)？”易(yi)(yi)，去(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)，下(xia)同。與(yu)(yu)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)。滋，益也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。文王(wang)(wang)(wang)九十七而(er)(er)(er)(er)崩，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)百年，舉成數也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。文王(wang)(wang)(wang)三分天下(xia)，纔有(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)二；武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)克商，乃有(you)(you)(you)天下(xia)。周公(gong)相(xiang)成王(wang)(wang)(wang)，制禮作(zuo)(zuo)樂，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)教化大行(xing)(xing)。曰(yue)：“文王(wang)(wang)(wang)何可當也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？由湯至于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)武(wu)(wu)(wu)丁(ding)，賢(xian)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)六七作(zuo)(zuo)。天下(xia)歸殷久(jiu)矣(yi)，久(jiu)則(ze)難(nan)變也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。武(wu)(wu)(wu)丁(ding)朝諸(zhu)(zhu)侯有(you)(you)(you)天下(xia)，猶(you)(you)(you)運之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)掌也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。紂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)去(qu)武(wu)(wu)(wu)丁(ding)未(wei)久(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)故(gu)(gu)家遺(yi)俗，流風善政(zheng)，猶(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)存者；又(you)有(you)(you)(you)微(wei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、微(wei)仲(zhong)、王(wang)(wang)(wang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)比(bi)(bi)干、箕子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、膠鬲皆(jie)賢(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，相(xiang)與(yu)(yu)輔相(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)久(jiu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。尺地(di)(di)莫非其(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，一(yi)民(min)莫非其(qi)(qi)(qi)臣也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，然(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)文王(wang)(wang)(wang)猶(you)(you)(you)方百里起，是(shi)以(yi)難(nan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。朝，音(yin)潮。鬲，音(yin)隔，又(you)音(yin)歷(li)。輔相(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)，去(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。猶(you)(you)(you)方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)猶(you)(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)由通(tong)。當，猶(you)(you)(you)敵也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。商自(zi)成湯至于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)武(wu)(wu)(wu)丁(ding)，中間大甲(jia)、大戊、祖乙、盤庚皆(jie)賢(xian)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)。作(zuo)(zuo)，起也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。自(zi)武(wu)(wu)(wu)丁(ding)至紂凡九世。故(gu)(gu)家，舊臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)(you)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)曰(yue)：‘雖(sui)有(you)(you)(you)智能，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)乘勢；雖(sui)有(you)(you)(you)镃基，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)待時。’今(jin)時則(ze)易(yi)(yi)然(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。镃音(yin)茲。镃基，田器也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。時，謂耕(geng)種之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時。夏后(hou)(hou)、殷、周之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛(sheng)，地(di)(di)未(wei)有(you)(you)(you)過千里者也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)地(di)(di)矣(yi)；雞鳴狗吠相(xiang)聞，而(er)(er)(er)(er)達乎四境，而(er)(er)(er)(er)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)民(min)矣(yi)。地(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)改辟(pi)矣(yi)，民(min)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)改聚矣(yi)，行(xing)(xing)仁(ren)政(zheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)，莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能御也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。辟(pi)，與(yu)(yu)辟(pi)同。此(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)勢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)易(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。三代盛(sheng)時，王(wang)(wang)(wang)畿不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)過千里。今(jin)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)有(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，異(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)百里。又(you)雞犬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聲(sheng)(sheng)相(xiang)聞，自(zi)國都以(yi)至于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)四境，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)民(min)居(ju)稠(chou)密也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。且(qie)王(wang)(wang)(wang)者之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)作(zuo)(zuo)，未(wei)有(you)(you)(you)疏于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)時者也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)憔悴于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)虐政(zheng)，未(wei)有(you)(you)(you)甚于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)時者也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。饑者易(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)食，渴(ke)者易(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)飲(yin)。此(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)時之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)易(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。自(zi)文武(wu)(wu)(wu)至此(ci)(ci)七百余年，異(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)商之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賢(xian)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)繼作(zuo)(zuo)；民(min)苦(ku)虐政(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚，異(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)紂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)猶(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)善政(zheng)。易(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)飲(yin)食，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)饑渴(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)待甘美也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：‘德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流行(xing)(xing)，速于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)置郵而(er)(er)(er)(er)傳(chuan)命(ming)。’郵，音(yin)尤。置，驛(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郵，驲(ri)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。所以(yi)傳(chuan)命(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)引孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)如(ru)此(ci)(ci)。當今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，萬乘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國行(xing)(xing)仁(ren)政(zheng)，民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，猶(you)(you)(you)解倒(dao)懸也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)事(shi)半(ban)古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，功(gong)(gong)必倍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，惟(wei)此(ci)(ci)時為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)然(ran)。”乘，去(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。倒(dao)懸，喻困苦(ku)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。所施(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)，半(ban)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)功(gong)(gong)倍于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，由時勢易(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)德行(xing)(xing)速也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

公孫丑(chou)問曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)加齊(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿相(xiang)，得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)道(dao)焉(yan)，雖(sui)(sui)由此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)霸王(wang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)異矣(yi)(yi)。如(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)否乎(hu)？”孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否。我(wo)(wo)四(si)(si)十(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。”相(xiang)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)承上章，又(you)(you)設問孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，若得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)行(xing)道(dao)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)雖(sui)(sui)由此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)成(cheng)霸王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)怪。任大(da)(da)(da)責重如(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)恐懼(ju)疑惑而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)動(dong)(dong)(dong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)乎(hu)？四(si)(si)十(shi)強仕，君(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)道(dao)明(ming)德立之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時。孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)四(si)(si)十(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)惑，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)(wei)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“若是，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)過孟(meng)(meng)賁(bi)遠矣(yi)(yi)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“是不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)難(nan)，告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)先我(wo)(wo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。”賁(bi)，音(yin)奔。孟(meng)(meng)賁(bi)，勇(yong)(yong)士(shi)。告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，名不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)害。孟(meng)(meng)賁(bi)血氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勇(yong)(yong)，丑(chou)蓋借之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)贊孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)難(nan)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)未(wei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)知(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，乃能(neng)先我(wo)(wo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)未(wei)足(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)難(nan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)有(you)(you)道(dao)乎(hu)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“有(you)(you)。程子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)有(you)(you)主(zhu)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)能(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)矣(yi)(yi)。”北宮黝(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)養(yang)勇(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)膚(fu)撓，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)目(mu)逃(tao)，思以(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)豪挫于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)，若撻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)市朝。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)受于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)褐寬(kuan)博，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)受于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)萬乘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)。視刺(ci)萬乘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)，若刺(ci)褐夫(fu)(fu)。無(wu)(wu)嚴(yan)諸侯。惡(e)聲(sheng)至(zhi)，必(bi)反(fan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。黝(you)(you)(you)，伊糾反(fan)。撓，奴效反(fan)。朝，音(yin)潮。乘，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)。北宮姓(xing)，黝(you)(you)(you)名。膚(fu)撓，肌膚(fu)被刺(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)撓屈也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。目(mu)逃(tao)，目(mu)被刺(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)轉睛逃(tao)避也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。挫，猶辱也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。褐，毛布。寬(kuan)博，寬(kuan)大(da)(da)(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衣，賤者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)受者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)受其(qi)(qi)(qi)挫也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。刺(ci)，殺也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。嚴(yan)，畏憚(dan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)無(wu)(wu)可(ke)畏憚(dan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)諸侯也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。黝(you)(you)(you)蓋刺(ci)客之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流，以(yi)(yi)必(bi)勝(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)施(shi)舍(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)養(yang)勇(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘視不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)勝(sheng)(sheng)猶勝(sheng)(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。量(liang)敵(di)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后進，慮勝(sheng)(sheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后會，是畏三(san)(san)軍(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舍(she)豈能(neng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)必(bi)勝(sheng)(sheng)哉？能(neng)無(wu)(wu)懼(ju)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已矣(yi)(yi)。’舍(she)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)，下(xia)(xia)同。孟(meng)(meng)，姓(xing)。施(shi)，發語聲(sheng)。舍(she)，名也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。會，合戰也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舍(she)自(zi)言(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)戰雖(sui)(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)勝(sheng)(sheng)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)無(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)懼(ju)。若量(liang)敵(di)慮勝(sheng)(sheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后進戰，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是無(wu)(wu)勇(yong)(yong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)畏三(san)(san)軍(jun)矣(yi)(yi)。舍(she)蓋力戰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)，以(yi)(yi)無(wu)(wu)懼(ju)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)施(shi)舍(she)似曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，北宮黝(you)(you)(you)似子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夏。夫(fu)(fu)二子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勇(yong)(yong)，未(wei)知(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)孰賢，然(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)孟(meng)(meng)施(shi)舍(she)守約(yue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)(fu)，音(yin)扶(fu)。黝(you)(you)(you)務敵(di)人(ren)(ren)，舍(she)專(zhuan)(zhuan)守己。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夏篤信圣人(ren)(ren)，曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)反(fan)求(qiu)諸己。故二子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)(yu)曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夏，雖(sui)(sui)非等倫，然(ran)(ran)論其(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)象，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)各有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)似。賢，猶勝(sheng)(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。約(yue)，要也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)論二子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勇(yong)(yong)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)未(wei)知(zhi)(zhi)誰勝(sheng)(sheng)；論其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)守，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)舍(she)比(bi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)黝(you)(you)(you)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)要也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)謂(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)襄曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)好(hao)勇(yong)(yong)乎(hu)？吾嘗聞大(da)(da)(da)勇(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)矣(yi)(yi)：自(zi)反(fan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)縮(suo)(suo)，雖(sui)(sui)褐寬(kuan)博，吾不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)惴(zhui)焉(yan)；自(zi)反(fan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)縮(suo)(suo)，雖(sui)(sui)千萬人(ren)(ren)，吾往(wang)矣(yi)(yi)。’好(hao)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)。惴(zhui)，之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)瑞反(fan)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勇(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)襄，曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。縮(suo)(suo)，直(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。檀弓曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)冠縮(suo)(suo)縫，今也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)衡(heng)縫。”又(you)(you)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“棺束(shu)縮(suo)(suo)二衡(heng)三(san)(san)。”惴(zhui)，恐懼(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。往(wang)，往(wang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)敵(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)施(shi)舍(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)守氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，又(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)守約(yue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”言(yan)孟(meng)(meng)施(shi)舍(she)雖(sui)(sui)似曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，然(ran)(ran)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)守乃一(yi)(yi)(yi)身之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，又(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)反(fan)身循(xun)理(li)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)守尤得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)要也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)原(yuan)蓋出于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，下(xia)(xia)文詳(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“敢(gan)(gan)問夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，與(yu)(yu)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，可(ke)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聞與(yu)(yu)？”“告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)言(yan)，勿(wu)求(qiu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)；不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，勿(wu)求(qiu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。’不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，勿(wu)求(qiu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，可(ke)；不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)言(yan)，勿(wu)求(qiu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)。夫(fu)(fu)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帥也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，體之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)充(chong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)(fu)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)焉(yan)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)次焉(yan)。故曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘持(chi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，無(wu)(wu)暴其(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。’”聞與(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)(yu)，平聲(sheng)。夫(fu)(fu)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夫(fu)(fu)，音(yin)扶(fu)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)一(yi)(yi)(yi)節，公孫丑(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)問。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)誦告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)，又(you)(you)斷(duan)以(yi)(yi)己意而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)謂(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)言(yan)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)達，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)當舍(she)置其(qi)(qi)(qi)言(yan)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)必(bi)反(fan)求(qiu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)理(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)；于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)安，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)當力制其(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)必(bi)更求(qiu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)助于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)固(gu)守其(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)速也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)既(ji)(ji)誦其(qi)(qi)(qi)言(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)斷(duan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，彼(bi)謂(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)勿(wu)求(qiu)諸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，急于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)緩(huan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)末，猶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；謂(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)言(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)求(qiu)諸心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)既(ji)(ji)失(shi)(shi)(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)外(wai)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)遂(sui)遺其(qi)(qi)(qi)內，其(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)必(bi)矣(yi)(yi)。然(ran)(ran)凡曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)可(ke)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)僅可(ke)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)未(wei)盡(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辭耳(er)。若論其(qi)(qi)(qi)極(ji)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)固(gu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)將帥；然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)充(chong)滿(man)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)身，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卒徒者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)固(gu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)至(zhi)極(ji)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)即次之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。人(ren)(ren)固(gu)當敬(jing)守其(qi)(qi)(qi)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，然(ran)(ran)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)致養(yang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。蓋其(qi)(qi)(qi)內外(wai)本末，交(jiao)相(xiang)培養(yang)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)未(wei)嘗必(bi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)略也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“既(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)‘志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)焉(yan)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)次焉(yan)’，又(you)(you)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)‘持(chi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)(wu)暴其(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)’者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，何也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)壹則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)動(dong)(dong)(dong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壹則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)動(dong)(dong)(dong)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今夫(fu)(fu)蹶者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)趨(qu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)反(fan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。”夫(fu)(fu)，音(yin)扶(fu)。公孫丑(chou)見孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)次，故問如(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)專(zhuan)(zhuan)持(chi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)矣(yi)(yi)，又(you)(you)言(yan)無(wu)(wu)暴其(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)何也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？壹，專(zhuan)(zhuan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蹶，顛躓(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。趨(qu)，走也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)向專(zhuan)(zhuan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)固(gu)從之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)在專(zhuan)(zhuan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)反(fan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。如(ru)人(ren)(ren)顛躓(zhi)趨(qu)走，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)在是而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)反(fan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)焉(yan)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)既(ji)(ji)持(chi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)又(you)(you)必(bi)無(wu)(wu)暴其(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。程子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)什九，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)什一(yi)(yi)(yi)。”“敢(gan)(gan)問夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)惡(e)乎(hu)長(chang)(chang)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“我(wo)(wo)知(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)，我(wo)(wo)善(shan)養(yang)吾浩然(ran)(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。”惡(e)，平聲(sheng)。公孫丑(chou)復(fu)問孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)異于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)如(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，有(you)(you)何所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)長(chang)(chang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)能(neng)然(ran)(ran)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)又(you)(you)詳(xiang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)故也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。知(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，盡(jin)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)知(zhi)(zhi)性，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)凡天(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)，無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)究極(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)理(li)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)識其(qi)(qi)(qi)是非得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)失(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)然(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。浩然(ran)(ran)，盛大(da)(da)(da)流行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，即所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)體之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)充(chong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。本自(zi)浩然(ran)(ran)，失(shi)(shi)(shi)養(yang)故餒，惟(wei)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)養(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)復(fu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)初也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蓋惟(wei)知(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)明(ming)夫(fu)(fu)道(dao)義，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)無(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)疑；養(yang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)配(pei)夫(fu)(fu)道(dao)義，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)無(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)懼(ju)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)當大(da)(da)(da)任而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學，與(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)正(zheng)相(xiang)反(fan)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，殆亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)冥(ming)然(ran)(ran)無(wu)(wu)覺，悍然(ran)(ran)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)顧而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已爾。“敢(gan)(gan)問何謂(wei)(wei)浩然(ran)(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)？”

曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“難言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)先言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)丑(chou)(chou)先問氣(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，承(cheng)上文(wen)方論志氣(qi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。難言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，蓋其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)獨得(de)(de)(de)(de)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)形(xing)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)驗，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)未(wei)(wei)易以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)形(xing)容者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。故(gu)程(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“觀(guan)(guan)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氣(qi)可(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)(yi)。”其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氣(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，至大(da)(da)(da)至剛，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直養(yang)(yang)(yang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)害，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)塞于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)閑。至大(da)(da)(da)初(chu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)限量，至剛不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)屈撓(nao)。蓋天(tian)(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)假本如(ru)(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。惟(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)縮，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)養(yang)(yang)(yang)；而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)又(you)(you)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)害之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本體(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)虧(kui)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)充(chong)(chong)塞無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)間矣(yi)(yi)。程(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“天(tian)(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，更不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分別。浩(hao)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)，乃(nai)(nai)吾(wu)氣(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)害，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)塞乎(hu)天(tian)(tian)地；一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)私意(yi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)蔽(bi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)欿然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)餒，卻甚小也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”謝氏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“浩(hao)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)，須于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)時識取。”又(you)(you)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“浩(hao)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)虧(kui)欠時。”其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氣(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，配(pei)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)與道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)；無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，餒也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。餒，奴(nu)罪反(fan)(fan)(fan)。配(pei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，合而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)助之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)裁(cai)制。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，天(tian)(tian)理(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)。餒，饑乏而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)氣(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)充(chong)(chong)體(ti)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)能(neng)養(yang)(yang)(yang)成此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)氣(qi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)合乎(hu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)助，使(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勇決(jue)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)疑憚；若(ruo)(ruo)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)氣(qi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)時所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雖未(wei)(wei)必(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)出于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)充(chong)(chong)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)亦(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)免于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)疑懼，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)矣(yi)(yi)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)集(ji)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)生者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，非(fei)(fei)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)襲(xi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)取之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)慊(qian)(qian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)餒矣(yi)(yi)。我故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，告子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)未(wei)(wei)嘗知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。慊(qian)(qian)，口(kou)簟反(fan)(fan)(fan)，又(you)(you)口(kou)劫反(fan)(fan)(fan)。集(ji)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，猶(you)(you)(you)(you)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)積善(shan)，蓋欲(yu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)合于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。襲(xi)，掩(yan)取也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，如(ru)(ru)齊侯襲(xi)莒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)襲(xi)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)雖可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)配(pei)乎(hu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始，乃(nai)(nai)由事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)合義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)常直，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)愧怍，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)氣(qi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)發生于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中。非(fei)(fei)由只行(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)偶合于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，便(bian)可(ke)掩(yan)襲(xi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)外而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)得(de)(de)(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。慊(qian)(qian)，快也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，足(zu)(zu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)自(zi)(zi)(zi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)直，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)充(chong)(chong)矣(yi)(yi)。然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)豈在外哉(zai)？告子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)理(li)(li)，乃(nai)(nai)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)仁內義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)外，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)復(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)必(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)集(ji)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生浩(hao)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)矣(yi)(yi)。上文(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)勿(wu)求(qiu)(qiu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，即外義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)，詳見告子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)上篇(pian)。必(bi)(bi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)焉(yan)(yan)(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)勿(wu)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)勿(wu)忘，勿(wu)助長(chang)(chang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)若(ruo)(ruo)宋人(ren)(ren)(ren)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)：宋人(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)閔其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)苗(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)揠(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，芒(mang)芒(mang)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)歸(gui)。謂(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘今日(ri)病(bing)矣(yi)(yi)，予(yu)助苗(miao)長(chang)(chang)矣(yi)(yi)。’其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)趨而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)往視(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，苗(miao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)槁矣(yi)(yi)。天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)助苗(miao)長(chang)(chang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)寡(gua)矣(yi)(yi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)益而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)舍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)耘(yun)(yun)苗(miao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；助之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，揠(ya)苗(miao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。非(fei)(fei)徒無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)益，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)又(you)(you)害之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”長(chang)(chang)，上聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。揠(ya)，烏(wu)八反(fan)(fan)(fan)。舍，上聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。必(bi)(bi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)焉(yan)(yan)(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)勿(wu)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，趙氏、程(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)七字(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)句。近世(shi)(shi)(shi)或(huo)幷下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)文(wen)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)字(zi)讀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)亦(yi)(yi)通(tong)。必(bi)(bi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)焉(yan)(yan)(yan)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，如(ru)(ru)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)顓臾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，預期也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。春秋傳曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“戰不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)勝”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。如(ru)(ru)作(zuo)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)亦(yi)(yi)同(tong)(tong)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)與大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，語(yu)意(yi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)氣(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，必(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)集(ji)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)勿(wu)預期其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)效(xiao)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)或(huo)未(wei)(wei)充(chong)(chong)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)但當(dang)勿(wu)忘其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)助其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)長(chang)(chang)，乃(nai)(nai)集(ji)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)氣(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)節度也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。閔，憂(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。揠(ya)，拔(ba)(ba)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。芒(mang)芒(mang)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，家人(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。病(bing)，疲倦(juan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)耘(yun)(yun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，忘其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。揠(ya)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)助之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)妄有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)耘(yun)(yun)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)失養(yang)(yang)(yang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已，揠(ya)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)反(fan)(fan)(fan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)害之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)氣(qi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)害矣(yi)(yi)。如(ru)(ru)告子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)集(ji)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)欲(yu)強(qiang)制其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)必(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)免于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)助之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)浩(hao)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，蓋不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)惟(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)善(shan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)又(you)(you)反(fan)(fan)(fan)害之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)(yi)。“何謂(wei)(wei)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“诐辭(ci)(ci)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)蔽(bi)，淫辭(ci)(ci)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)陷(xian)，邪(xie)辭(ci)(ci)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)離(li)(li)，遁辭(ci)(ci)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)窮。生于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，害于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)政(zheng)；發于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)政(zheng)，害于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)復(fu)起，必(bi)(bi)從吾(wu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)矣(yi)(yi)。”诐，彼寄反(fan)(fan)(fan)。復(fu)，扶又(you)(you)反(fan)(fan)(fan)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)公孫(sun)丑(chou)(chou)復(fu)問而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)答之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。诐，偏陂也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。淫，放蕩也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。邪(xie)，邪(xie)僻也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。遁，逃(tao)避也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。四者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)相因(yin)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蔽(bi)，遮隔也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。陷(xian)，沈溺也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。離(li)(li)，叛去也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。窮，困(kun)屈也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。四者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)亦(yi)(yi)相因(yin)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)失也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)本于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)明乎(hu)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)理(li)(li)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蔽(bi)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)平(ping)(ping)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)通(tong)達而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)病(bing)；茍為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)必(bi)(bi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)矣(yi)(yi)。即其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)失，又(you)(you)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)害于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)政(zheng)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)決(jue)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)易者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)如(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。非(fei)(fei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)通(tong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)疑于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)孰(shu)能(neng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？彼告子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)肯求(qiu)(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)；至為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)自(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)免于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)四者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)何以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)疑哉(zai)？程(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)通(tong)乎(hu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)能(neng)辨(bian)(bian)(bian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)非(fei)(fei)，如(ru)(ru)持權衡以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)較輕(qing)重，孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”又(you)(you)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)如(ru)(ru)人(ren)(ren)(ren)在堂上，方能(neng)辨(bian)(bian)(bian)堂下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)曲直。若(ruo)(ruo)猶(you)(you)(you)(you)未(wei)(wei)免雜于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)堂下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)眾人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)辨(bian)(bian)(bian)決(jue)矣(yi)(yi)。”“宰我、子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貢(gong)善(shan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)說(shuo)辭(ci)(ci)，冉(ran)牛、閔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、顏(yan)淵善(shan)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)德(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)兼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘我于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)辭(ci)(ci)命(ming)(ming)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)既圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)矣(yi)(yi)乎(hu)？”行(xing)(xing)(xing)，去聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)節，林(lin)氏以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)公孫(sun)丑(chou)(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)問是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。說(shuo)辭(ci)(ci)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。德(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，得(de)(de)(de)(de)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)見于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。三子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)善(shan)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)德(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，身有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)親切而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)味(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。公孫(sun)丑(chou)(chou)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)數(shu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)各有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)長(chang)(chang)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)兼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)猶(you)(you)(you)(you)自(zi)(zi)(zi)謂(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)辭(ci)(ci)命(ming)(ming)。今孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)乃(nai)(nai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)謂(wei)(wei)我能(neng)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，又(you)(you)善(shan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)氣(qi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兼言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)德(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)豈不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)既圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)矣(yi)(yi)乎(hu)？此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，指孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。程(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)謂(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)辭(ci)(ci)命(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲(yu)使(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)務本而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“惡(e)！是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)何言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貢(gong)、問于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)矣(yi)(yi)乎(hu)？’孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)吾(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)，我學(xue)(xue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)厭而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)教(jiao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)倦(juan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貢(gong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘學(xue)(xue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)厭，智(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；教(jiao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)倦(juan)，仁也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。仁且智(zhi)，夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)既圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)矣(yi)(yi)！’夫(fu)(fu)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)居，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)何言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”惡(e)，平(ping)(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。夫(fu)(fu)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夫(fu)(fu)，音(yin)(yin)扶。惡(e)，驚嘆辭(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)當(dang)丑(chou)(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)引孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貢(gong)問答之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辭(ci)(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，指孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。學(xue)(xue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)厭者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，智(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)明；教(jiao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)倦(juan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，仁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及物。再(zai)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)“是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)何言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)深拒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。“昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)竊聞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夏、子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)游、子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)張皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)，冉(ran)牛、閔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、顏(yan)淵則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)具體(ti)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)微。敢(gan)問所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)安。”此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)節，林(lin)氏亦(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)公孫(sun)丑(chou)(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)問，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)，猶(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)肢(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。具體(ti)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)微，謂(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)全(quan)體(ti)，但未(wei)(wei)廣大(da)(da)(da)耳。安，處也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。公孫(sun)丑(chou)(chou)復(fu)問孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)既不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)比孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)欲(yu)何所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)處也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“姑舍是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”舍，上聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)且置是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)欲(yu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)數(shu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)至者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)自(zi)(zi)(zi)處也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“伯(bo)(bo)夷、伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)何如(ru)(ru)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。非(fei)(fei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)君不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，非(fei)(fei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)民(min)(min)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)使(shi)(shi)；治(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)進(jin)(jin)，亂(luan)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)退，伯(bo)(bo)夷也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。何事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)非(fei)(fei)君，何使(shi)(shi)非(fei)(fei)民(min)(min)；治(zhi)亦(yi)(yi)進(jin)(jin)，亂(luan)亦(yi)(yi)進(jin)(jin)，伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)仕則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仕，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)止(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)止(zhi)(zhi)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)久(jiu)(jiu)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)久(jiu)(jiu)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)速則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)速，孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。皆(jie)(jie)(jie)古(gu)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，吾(wu)未(wei)(wei)能(neng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)行(xing)(xing)(xing)焉(yan)(yan)(yan)；乃(nai)(nai)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)愿(yuan)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)學(xue)(xue)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”治(zhi)，去聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。伯(bo)(bo)夷，孤竹君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。兄弟遜國，避紂(zhou)隱居，聞文(wen)王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)歸(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。及武王伐紂(zhou)，去而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)餓死。伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)莘(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)處士(shi)。湯聘而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)就桀(jie)。桀(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)用，復(fu)歸(gui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)湯。如(ru)(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)五，乃(nai)(nai)相湯而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)伐桀(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。三圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，詳見此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)篇(pian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末及萬章(zhang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)篇(pian)。“伯(bo)(bo)夷、伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，若(ruo)(ruo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)班乎(hu)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否。自(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)生民(min)(min)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)，未(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”班，齊等之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。公孫(sun)丑(chou)(chou)問，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)答之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)同(tong)(tong)與？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。得(de)(de)(de)(de)百(bai)里之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)朝諸侯有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、殺一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)辜(gu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)得(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)同(tong)(tong)。”與，平(ping)(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。朝，音(yin)(yin)潮。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)同(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百(bai)里而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)王天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，德(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、殺一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)辜(gu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)得(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本根節目之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，惟(wei)(wei)在于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)亦(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)矣(yi)(yi)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“敢(gan)問其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)異(yi)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“宰我、子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貢(gong)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)若(ruo)(ruo)智(zhi)足(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。污(wu)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)至阿(a)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)好(hao)。污(wu)，音(yin)(yin)蛙。好(hao)，去聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。污(wu)，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。三子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)智(zhi)足(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。假使(shi)(shi)污(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，必(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)阿(a)私所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)好(hao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)空(kong)譽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，明其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)信(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。宰我曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)予(yu)觀(guan)(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，賢于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)堯(yao)舜(shun)遠矣(yi)(yi)。’程(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“語(yu)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)異(yi)，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)異(yi)。夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)賢于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)堯(yao)舜(shun)，語(yu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蓋堯(yao)舜(shun)治(zhi)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)又(you)(you)推其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)垂教(jiao)萬世(shi)(shi)(shi)。堯(yao)舜(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，非(fei)(fei)得(de)(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)后(hou)(hou)世(shi)(shi)(shi)亦(yi)(yi)何所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)據哉(zai)？”子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貢(gong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘見其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)禮(li)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)政(zheng)，聞其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)樂而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)。由百(bai)世(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，等百(bai)世(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王，莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)違也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)生民(min)(min)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)，未(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)大(da)(da)(da)凡見人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禮(li)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)政(zheng)；聞人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)我從百(bai)世(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，差(cha)等百(bai)世(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)能(neng)遁其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)情者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)見其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)莫若(ruo)(ruo)夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)若(ruo)(ruo)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘豈惟(wei)(wei)民(min)(min)哉(zai)？麒(qi)麟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)走獸，鳳(feng)凰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)飛鳥，太(tai)山之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)丘垤，河(he)海之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)潦，類也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)，亦(yi)(yi)類也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。出于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)類，拔(ba)(ba)乎(hu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)萃，自(zi)(zi)(zi)生民(min)(min)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)，未(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)盛于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’”垤，大(da)(da)(da)結反(fan)(fan)(fan)。潦，音(yin)(yin)老(lao)。麒(qi)麟，毛蟲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)。鳳(feng)凰，羽蟲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)。垤，蟻封也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)潦，道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)上無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)源之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。出，高出也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。拔(ba)(ba)，特(te)起也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。萃，聚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)自(zi)(zi)(zi)古(gu)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，固皆(jie)(jie)(jie)異(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)眾人(ren)(ren)(ren)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)未(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)如(ru)(ru)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尤盛者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。程(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)章(zhang)，擴前圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)未(wei)(wei)發，學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)宜潛心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)玩(wan)索也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”

孟(meng)子(zi)曰(yue)：“以(yi)(yi)力假仁(ren)(ren)者(zhe)霸，霸必有(you)大(da)國，以(yi)(yi)德(de)行(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)者(zhe)王(wang)(wang)(wang)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)待大(da)。湯以(yi)(yi)七十里，文王(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)百里。力〔一〕，謂(wei)土地甲兵之(zhi)(zhi)力。假仁(ren)(ren)者(zhe)，本(ben)無是(shi)心，而(er)(er)借其事以(yi)(yi)為功者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。霸，若(ruo)齊(qi)桓晉文是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)德(de)行(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)，則自吾(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)得于心者(zhe)推(tui)之(zhi)(zhi)，無適(shi)而(er)(er)非仁(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)力服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人者(zhe)，非心服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，力不(bu)(bu)贍(shan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)；以(yi)(yi)德(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人者(zhe)，中心悅而(er)(er)誠服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，如七十子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)孔子(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。詩云(yun)：‘自西自東，自南自北，無思不(bu)(bu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。’此(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”贍(shan)，足也(ye)(ye)(ye)。詩大(da)雅(ya)文王(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)聲(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)霸之(zhi)(zhi)心，誠偽不(bu)(bu)同。故人所以(yi)(yi)應之(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)，其不(bu)(bu)同亦如此(ci)(ci)。鄒氏(shi)曰(yue)：“以(yi)(yi)力服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人者(zhe)，有(you)意(yi)于服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人，而(er)(er)人不(bu)(bu)敢不(bu)(bu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)；以(yi)(yi)德(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人者(zhe)，無意(yi)于服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人，而(er)(er)人不(bu)(bu)能不(bu)(bu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。從(cong)古以(yi)(yi)來，論王(wang)(wang)(wang)霸者(zhe)多矣，未有(you)若(ruo)此(ci)(ci)章之(zhi)(zhi)深切而(er)(er)著明也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”〔一〕“力”字，原書誤為“券(quan)”。

孟子(zi)曰(yue)：“仁(ren)則(ze)榮，不(bu)仁(ren)則(ze)辱(ru)。今惡辱(ru)而(er)(er)居不(bu)仁(ren)，是(shi)猶惡濕而(er)(er)居下(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。惡，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)，下(xia)同。好榮惡辱(ru)，人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常情。然徒惡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)不(bu)去(qu)(qu)其得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，不(bu)能免也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。如(ru)(ru)惡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，莫如(ru)(ru)貴德而(er)(er)尊士(shi)，賢(xian)者在(zai)位，能者在(zai)職(zhi)。國(guo)(guo)家閑(xian)暇(xia)(xia)，及(ji)是(shi)時(shi)明其政刑。雖大國(guo)(guo)，必(bi)畏(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)。閑(xian)，音閑(xian)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)因其惡辱(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情，而(er)(er)進之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)強仁(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。貴德，猶尚德也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。士(shi)，則(ze)指(zhi)其人而(er)(er)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。賢(xian)，有(you)(you)德者，使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)位，則(ze)足(zu)以(yi)正君而(er)(er)善俗。能，有(you)(you)才者，使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)職(zhi)，則(ze)足(zu)以(yi)修(xiu)政而(er)(er)立事(shi)。國(guo)(guo)家閑(xian)暇(xia)(xia)，可以(yi)有(you)(you)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。詳味及(ji)字(zi)，則(ze)惟(wei)日不(bu)足(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意可見(jian)矣(yi)。詩云：‘迨天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未(wei)陰(yin)雨，徹(che)彼桑土(tu)，綢(chou)(chou)繆牖戶。今此(ci)(ci)(ci)下(xia)民，或(huo)敢(gan)侮予？’孔子(zi)曰(yue)：‘為(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)詩者，其知道(dao)乎(hu)！能治其國(guo)(guo)家，誰敢(gan)侮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？’徹(che)，直列反。土(tu)，音杜(du)。綢(chou)(chou)，音稠。繆，武彪反。詩豳風鴟(chi)鸮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇，周公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所作也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。迨，及(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。徹(che)，取(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。桑土(tu)，桑根之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皮也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。綢(chou)(chou)繆，纏綿補(bu)葺(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。牖戶，巢(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)通氣出入處也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。予，鳥自(zi)謂也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)患(huan)詳密如(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)，今此(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人，或(huo)敢(gan)有(you)(you)侮予者乎(hu)？周公以(yi)鳥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)巢(chao)如(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)，比君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)，亦(yi)當思患(huan)而(er)(er)預(yu)防之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。孔子(zi)讀(du)而(er)(er)贊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)為(wei)知道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今國(guo)(guo)家閑(xian)暇(xia)(xia)，及(ji)是(shi)時(shi)般樂怠敖(ao)，是(shi)自(zi)求(qiu)禍也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。般、音盤。樂，音洛。敖(ao)，音傲。言其縱欲偷(tou)安，亦(yi)惟(wei)日不(bu)足(zu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。禍褔無不(bu)自(zi)己(ji)求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者。結上文之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。詩云：‘永(yong)言配命，自(zi)求(qiu)多(duo)褔。’太甲曰(yue)：‘天作孽(nie)，猶可違；自(zi)作孽(nie)，不(bu)可活。’此(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”孽(nie)，魚(yu)列反。詩大雅文王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇。永(yong)，長(chang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言，猶念也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。配，合也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。命，天命也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)言褔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)己(ji)求(qiu)者。太甲，商書(shu)篇名。孽(nie)，禍也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。違，避也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。活，生也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，書(shu)作逭(huan)。逭(huan)，猶緩也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)言禍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)己(ji)求(qiu)者。

孟子曰：“尊賢使能，俊杰在位，則天下之士皆悅而愿立于其朝矣。朝，音潮。俊杰，才德之異于眾者。市廛而不征，法而不廛，則天下之商皆悅而愿藏于其市矣。廛，市宅也。張子曰：“或賦其市地之廛，而不征其貨；或治之以市官之法，而不賦其廛。蓋逐末者多則廛以抑之，少則不必廛也。”關譏而不征，則天下之旅皆悅而愿出于其路矣。解見前篇。耕者助而不稅，則天下之農皆悅而愿耕于其野矣。但使出力以助耕公田，而不稅其私田也。廛無夫里之布，則天下之民皆悅而愿為之氓矣。氓，音盲。周禮：“宅不毛者有里布，民無職事者，出夫家之征。”鄭氏謂：“宅不種桑麻者，罰之使出一里二十五家之布；民無常業者，罰之使出一夫百畝之稅，一家力役之征也。”今戰國時，一切取之。市宅之民，已賦其廛，又令出此夫里之布，非先王之法也。氓，民也。信能行此五者，則鄰國之民仰之若父母矣。率其子弟，攻其父母，自生民以來，未有能濟者也。如此，則無敵于天下。無敵于天下者，天吏也。然而不王者，未之有也。”呂氏曰：“奉行天命，謂之天吏。廢興存亡，惟天所命，不敢不從，若湯武是也。’此章言能行王政，則寇戎為父子；不行王政，則赤子為仇讎。

孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。天地以(yi)(yi)(yi)生物為(wei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)所生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物因(yin)各(ge)得夫天地生物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先王有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，斯有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng)矣(yi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，行(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng)，治天下可(ke)(ke)運之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)掌上。言(yan)眾(zhong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)雖有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)物欲害(hai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，存焉者(zhe)(zhe)寡，故不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)察識(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)推(tui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng)事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)閑；惟圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)全體此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，隨感而(er)(er)(er)(er)應，故其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所行(xing)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)非(fei)(fei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。所以(yi)(yi)(yi)謂人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)，今(jin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)乍見(jian)孺(ru)(ru)子(zi)(zi)(zi)將入于(yu)井，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)怵惕(ti)(ti)惻(ce)隱(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。非(fei)(fei)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)內(nei)交(jiao)于(yu)孺(ru)(ru)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父母也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非(fei)(fei)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)要(yao)譽于(yu)鄉黨朋友(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非(fei)(fei)惡(e)(e)(e)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)然(ran)(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。怵，音黜。內(nei)，讀(du)為(wei)納。要(yao)，平聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。惡(e)(e)(e)，去(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，下同。乍，猶(you)(you)忽也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。怵惕(ti)(ti)，驚動貌。惻(ce)，傷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)切(qie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。隱(yin)(yin)，痛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)即所謂不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。內(nei)，結。要(yao)，求。聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，名也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)乍見(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)，便有(you)(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，隨見(jian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)發，非(fei)(fei)由此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三者(zhe)(zhe)而(er)(er)(er)(er)然(ran)(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。程(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“滿腔(qiang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)惻(ce)隱(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。”謝氏曰(yue)：“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)須(xu)是(shi)(shi)識(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)真心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。方(fang)乍見(jian)孺(ru)(ru)子(zi)(zi)(zi)入井之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)怵惕(ti)(ti)，乃真心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。非(fei)(fei)思而(er)(er)(er)(er)得，非(fei)(fei)勉而(er)(er)(er)(er)中，天理(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。內(nei)交(jiao)、要(yao)譽、惡(e)(e)(e)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)然(ran)(ran)(ran)，即人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)欲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)私(si)矣(yi)。”由是(shi)(shi)觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)惻(ce)隱(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，非(fei)(fei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)羞(xiu)(xiu)惡(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，非(fei)(fei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)辭(ci)(ci)(ci)讓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，非(fei)(fei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)非(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，非(fei)(fei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。惡(e)(e)(e)，去(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，下同。羞(xiu)(xiu)，恥己(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)善(shan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。惡(e)(e)(e)，憎(zeng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)善(shan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。辭(ci)(ci)(ci)，解使去(qu)己(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。讓，推(tui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)與人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)(shi)，知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)善(shan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。非(fei)(fei)，知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)惡(e)(e)(e)而(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)非(fei)(fei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)外乎是(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)者(zhe)(zhe)，故因(yin)論惻(ce)隱(yin)(yin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)悉數(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。言(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)若(ruo)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，則(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)明其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)必有(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。惻(ce)隱(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，仁(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)端也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；羞(xiu)(xiu)惡(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，義之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)端也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；辭(ci)(ci)(ci)讓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，禮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)端也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；是(shi)(shi)非(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，智之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)端也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。惻(ce)隱(yin)(yin)、羞(xiu)(xiu)惡(e)(e)(e)、辭(ci)(ci)(ci)讓、是(shi)(shi)非(fei)(fei)，情也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。仁(ren)、義、禮、智，性(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，統性(xing)(xing)情者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。端，緒(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。因(yin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)情之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發，而(er)(er)(er)(er)性(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)(ben)然(ran)(ran)(ran)可(ke)(ke)得而(er)(er)(er)(er)見(jian)，猶(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)物在(zai)中而(er)(er)(er)(er)緒(xu)見(jian)于(yu)外也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)是(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)端也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，猶(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)四(si)(si)體也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)是(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)端而(er)(er)(er)(er)自(zi)(zi)(zi)謂不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)者(zhe)(zhe)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)賊者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；謂其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)君不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)者(zhe)(zhe)，賊其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)君者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。四(si)(si)體，四(si)(si)支，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所必有(you)(you)(you)(you)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)謂不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)者(zhe)(zhe)，物欲蔽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳。凡有(you)(you)(you)(you)四(si)(si)端于(yu)我者(zhe)(zhe)，知(zhi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)擴而(er)(er)(er)(er)充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)，若(ruo)火之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始然(ran)(ran)(ran)，泉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始達(da)。茍(gou)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)保四(si)(si)海(hai)；茍(gou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)事父母。”擴，音廓。擴，推(tui)廣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。充，滿也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。四(si)(si)端在(zai)我，隨處發見(jian)。知(zhi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)即此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)推(tui)廣，而(er)(er)(er)(er)充滿其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本(ben)(ben)然(ran)(ran)(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量，則(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)日新又新，將有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)自(zi)(zi)(zi)已者(zhe)(zhe)矣(yi)。能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)由此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)遂充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)四(si)(si)海(hai)雖遠，亦吾度內(nei)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)難保者(zhe)(zhe)；不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)雖事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至近而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)矣(yi)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)章所論人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)(xing)情，心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體用，本(ben)(ben)然(ran)(ran)(ran)全具，而(er)(er)(er)(er)各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)(you)條(tiao)理(li)如此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。學者(zhe)(zhe)于(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，反求默識(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)擴充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)與我者(zhe)(zhe)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)盡矣(yi)。程(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)是(shi)(shi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，惟君子(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)擴而(er)(er)(er)(er)充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)然(ran)(ran)(ran)者(zhe)(zhe)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)自(zi)(zi)(zi)棄也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)(ran)(ran)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)充與不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)充，亦在(zai)我而(er)(er)(er)(er)已矣(yi)。”又曰(yue)：“四(si)(si)端不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)信(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)，既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)誠心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)為(wei)四(si)(si)端，則(ze)信(xin)在(zai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中矣(yi)。”愚按：四(si)(si)端之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)信(xin)，猶(you)(you)五行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)定位，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)成(cheng)名，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)專氣。而(er)(er)(er)(er)水、火、金(jin)、木，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)待是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)生者(zhe)(zhe)。故土(tu)于(yu)四(si)(si)行(xing)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)，于(yu)四(si)(si)時(shi)(shi)則(ze)寄王焉，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)理(li)亦猶(you)(you)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：“矢(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)豈不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)于(yu)(yu)函(han)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)哉？矢(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)唯(wei)恐不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)傷(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，函(han)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)唯(wei)恐傷(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。巫匠亦然，故(gu)術不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)慎也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。●，音含。●，甲也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。惻隱之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆有(you)之(zhi)(zhi)，是矢(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，本(ben)非不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)●人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。巫者(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)祈祝(zhu)，利(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)生。匠者(zhe)(zhe)作為(wei)(wei)棺槨，利(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)死。孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：‘里(li)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)美(mei)。擇(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)處仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，焉(yan)得(de)智(zhi)(zhi)？’夫仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，天之(zhi)(zhi)尊爵也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)安宅也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。莫之(zhi)(zhi)御而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，是不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)智(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。焉(yan)，于(yu)(yu)虔反。夫，音扶。里(li)有(you)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)厚之(zhi)(zhi)俗者(zhe)(zhe)，猶以為(wei)(wei)美(mei)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)擇(ze)所(suo)以自處而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)于(yu)(yu)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，安得(de)為(wei)(wei)智(zhi)(zhi)乎？此孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、義(yi)(yi)、禮(li)、智(zhi)(zhi)，皆天所(suo)與之(zhi)(zhi)良貴。而(er)(er)(er)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)天地生物之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，得(de)之(zhi)(zhi)最先(xian)，而(er)(er)(er)兼統四(si)者(zhe)(zhe)，所(suo)謂元(yuan)者(zhe)(zhe)善之(zhi)(zhi)長也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)尊爵。在人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)則為(wei)(wei)本(ben)心(xin)全體(ti)之(zhi)(zhi)德，有(you)天理自然之(zhi)(zhi)安，無(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)欲陷溺之(zhi)(zhi)危。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)當常在其中(zhong)(zhong)，而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可須臾(yu)離者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)安宅。此又孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)釋孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)，以為(wei)(wei)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)道之(zhi)(zhi)大如(ru)此，而(er)(er)(er)自不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)，豈非不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)智(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)甚乎？不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)智(zhi)(zhi)、無(wu)(wu)禮(li)、無(wu)(wu)義(yi)(yi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)役(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)役(yi)而(er)(er)(er)恥(chi)為(wei)(wei)役(yi)，由(you)(you)弓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)恥(chi)為(wei)(wei)弓，矢(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)恥(chi)為(wei)(wei)矢(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。由(you)(you)，與猶通(tong)。以不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)故(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)智(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)智(zhi)(zhi)故(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知禮(li)義(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)在。如(ru)恥(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)，莫如(ru)為(wei)(wei)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。此亦因(yin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)愧恥(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，而(er)(er)(er)引之(zhi)(zhi)使志于(yu)(yu)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)智(zhi)(zhi)、禮(li)、義(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)，仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)該全體(ti)。能為(wei)(wei)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，則三者(zhe)(zhe)在其中(zhong)(zhong)矣。仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)如(ru)射，射者(zhe)(zhe)正(zheng)己而(er)(er)(er)后(hou)發。發而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)怨勝己者(zhe)(zhe)，反求(qiu)諸己而(er)(er)(er)已(yi)矣。”中(zhong)(zhong)，去聲(sheng)。為(wei)(wei)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)由(you)(you)己，而(er)(er)(er)由(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)乎哉？

孟子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“子(zi)(zi)路，人(ren)(ren)告之(zhi)(zhi)以有(you)(you)過(guo)(guo)則喜。喜其得聞(wen)(wen)而(er)改之(zhi)(zhi)，其勇于(yu)(yu)自修如此(ci)。周(zhou)子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“仲由喜聞(wen)(wen)過(guo)(guo)，令名無(wu)窮(qiong)焉。今人(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)過(guo)(guo)，不(bu)喜人(ren)(ren)規，如諱疾而(er)忌醫，寧(ning)滅其身而(er)無(wu)悟也。噫！”程(cheng)子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“子(zi)(zi)路，人(ren)(ren)告之(zhi)(zhi)以有(you)(you)過(guo)(guo)則喜，亦可謂(wei)百世之(zhi)(zhi)師矣。”禹聞(wen)(wen)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)言(yan)則拜。書(shu)曰(yue)：“禹拜昌言(yan)。”蓋不(bu)待(dai)有(you)(you)過(guo)(guo)，而(er)能屈己(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)以受天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也。大(da)舜(shun)有(you)(you)大(da)焉，善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)與人(ren)(ren)同(tong)(tong)。舍(she)己(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)從(cong)人(ren)(ren)，樂取(qu)(qu)于(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)以為(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。舍(she)，上聲。樂，音洛。言(yan)舜(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)，又(you)有(you)(you)大(da)于(yu)(yu)禹與子(zi)(zi)路者(zhe)。善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)與人(ren)(ren)同(tong)(tong)，公天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)而(er)不(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)私也。己(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)未善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，則無(wu)所(suo)系(xi)吝(lin)而(er)舍(she)以從(cong)人(ren)(ren)；人(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，則不(bu)待(dai)勉強而(er)取(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)己(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，此(ci)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)與人(ren)(ren)同(tong)(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)目也。自耕(geng)、稼、陶、漁(yu)以至為(wei)(wei)(wei)帝，無(wu)非取(qu)(qu)于(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)者(zhe)。舜(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)側微，耕(geng)于(yu)(yu)歷(li)山，陶于(yu)(yu)河濱(bin)，漁(yu)于(yu)(yu)雷澤。取(qu)(qu)諸人(ren)(ren)以為(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，是與人(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)者(zhe)也。故君(jun)子(zi)(zi)莫大(da)乎(hu)與人(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。”與，猶許也，助(zhu)也。取(qu)(qu)彼(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)而(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)我，則彼(bi)益勸(quan)于(yu)(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)矣，是我助(zhu)其為(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也。能使天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)皆勸(quan)于(yu)(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，君(jun)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，孰大(da)于(yu)(yu)此(ci)。此(ci)章言(yan)圣(sheng)賢樂善(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)誠，初無(wu)彼(bi)此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)閑。故其在人(ren)(ren)者(zhe)有(you)(you)以裕(yu)于(yu)(yu)己(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，在己(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)有(you)(you)以及于(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)。

孟子曰：“伯夷，非其君不事，非其友不友。不立于惡人之朝，不與惡人言。立于惡人之朝，與惡人言，如以朝衣朝冠坐于涂炭。推惡惡之心，思與鄉人立，其冠不正，望望然去之，若將浼焉。是故諸侯雖有善其辭命而至者，不受也。不受也者，是亦不屑就已。朝，音潮。惡惡，上去聲，下如字。浼，莫罪反。涂，泥也。鄉人，鄉里之常人也。望望，去而不顧之貌。浼，污也。屑，趙氏曰：“潔也。”說文曰：“動作切切也。”不屑就，言不以就之為潔，而切切于是也。已，語助辭。柳下惠，不羞污君，不卑小官。進不隱賢，必以其道。遺佚而不怨，阨窮而不憫。故曰：‘爾為爾，我為我，雖袒裼裸裎于我側，爾焉能浼我哉？’故由由然與之偕而不自失焉，援而止之而止。援而止之而止者，是亦不屑去已。”佚，音逸。袒，音但。裼，音錫。裸，魯果反。裎，音程。焉能之焉，于虔反。柳下惠，魯大夫展禽，居柳下而謚惠也。不隱賢，不枉道也。遺佚，放棄也。阨，困也。憫，憂也。爾為爾至焉能浼我哉，惠之言也。袒裼，露臂也。裸裎，露身也。由由，自得之貌。偕，并處也。不自失，不失其止也。援而止之而止者，言欲去而可留也。孟子曰：“伯夷隘，柳下惠不恭。隘與不恭，君子不由也。”隘，狹窄也。不恭，簡慢也。夷、惠之行，固皆造乎至極之地。然既有所偏，則不能無弊，故不可由也。

孟子卷四

　公孫丑章句下

凡十四章。自第二章以下，記孟子出處行實為詳。
孟子曰：“天時不如地利，地利不如人和。天時，謂時日支干、孤虛、王相之屬也。地利，險阻、城池之固也。人和，得民心之和也。三里之城，七里之郭，環而攻之而不勝。夫環而攻之，必有得天時者矣；然而不勝者，是天時不如地利也。夫，音扶。三里七里，城郭之小者。郭，外城。環，圍也。言四面攻圍，曠日持久，必有值天時之善者。城非不高也，池非不深也，兵革非不堅利也，米粟非不多也；委而去之，是地利不如人和也。革，甲也。粟，谷也。委，棄也。言不得民心，民不為守也。故曰：域民不以封疆之界，固國不以山溪之險，威天下不以兵革之利。得道者多助，失道者寡助。寡助之至，親戚畔之；多助之至，天下順之。域，界限也。以天下之所順，攻親戚之所畔；故君子有不戰，戰必勝矣。”言不戰則已，戰則必勝。尹氏曰：“言得天下者，凡以得民心而已。”
孟子將朝王，王使人來曰：“寡人如就見者也，有寒疾，不可以風。朝將視朝，不識可使寡人得見乎？”對曰：“不幸而有疾，不能造朝。”章內朝，并音潮，惟朝將之朝，如字。造，七到反，下同。王，齊王也。孟子本將朝王，王不知而托疾以召孟子，故孟子亦以疾辭也。明“昔者辭以病，今日吊，或者不可乎？”曰：“昔者疾，今日愈，如之何不吊？”東郭氏，齊大夫家也。昔者，昨日也。或者，疑辭。辭疾而出吊，與孔子不見孺悲取瑟而歌同意。王使人問疾，醫來。孟仲子對曰：“昔者有王命，有采薪之憂，不能造朝。今病小愈，趨造于朝，我不識能至否乎？”使數人要于路，曰：“請必無歸，而造于朝！”要，平聲。孟仲子，趙氏以為孟子之從昆弟，學于孟子者也。采薪之憂，言病不能采薪，謙辭也。仲子權辭以對，又使人要孟子令勿歸而造朝，以實己言。不得已而之景丑氏宿焉。景子曰：“內則父子，外則君臣，人之大倫也。父子主恩，君臣主敬。丑見王之敬子也，未見所以敬王也。”曰：“惡！是何言也！齊人無以仁義與王言者，豈以仁義為不美也？其心曰‘是何足與言仁義也’云爾，則不敬莫大乎是。我非堯舜之道，不敢以陳于王前，故齊人莫如我敬王也。”惡，平聲，下同。景丑氏，齊大夫家也。景子，景丑也。惡，嘆辭也。景丑所言，敬之小者也；孟子所言，敬之大者也。景子曰：“否，非此之謂也。禮曰：‘父召，無諾；君命召，不俟駕。’固將朝也，聞王命而遂不果，宜與夫禮若不相似然。”夫，音扶，下同。禮曰：“父命呼，唯而不諾。”又曰：“君命召，在官不俟屨，在外不俟車。”言孟子本欲朝王，而聞命中止，似與此禮之意不同也。曰：“豈謂是與？曾子曰：‘晉楚之富，不可及也。彼以其富，我以吾仁；彼以其爵，我以吾義，吾何慊乎哉？’夫豈不義而曾子言之？是或一道也。天下有達尊三：爵一，齒一，德一。朝廷莫如爵，鄉黨莫如齒，輔世長民莫如德。惡得有其一，以慢其二哉？與，平聲。慊，口簟反。長，上聲。慊，恨也，少也。或作嗛，字書以為口銜物也。然則慊亦但為心有所銜之義，其為快、為足、為恨、為少，則因其事而所銜有不同耳。孟子言我之意，非如景子之所言者。因引曾子之言，而云夫此豈是不義，而曾子肯以為言，是或別有一種道理也。達，通也。蓋通天下之所尊，有此三者。曾子之說，蓋以德言之也。今齊王但有爵耳，安得以此慢于齒德乎？故將大有為之君，必有所不召之臣。欲有謀焉，則就之。其尊德樂道，不如是不足與有為也。樂，音洛。大有為之君，大有作為，非常之君也。程子曰：“古之人所以必待人君致敬盡禮而后往者，非欲自為尊大也，為是故耳。”故湯之于伊尹，學焉而后臣之，故不勞而王；桓公之于管仲，學焉而后臣之，故不勞而霸。先從受學，師之也。后以為臣，任之也。今天下地丑德齊，莫能相尚。無他，好臣其所教，而不好臣其所受教。好，去聲。丑，類也。尚，過也。所教，謂聽從于己，可役使者也。所受教，謂己之所從學者也。湯之于伊尹，桓公之于管仲，則不敢召。管仲且猶不可召，而況不為管仲者乎？”不為管仲，孟子自謂也。范氏曰“孟子之于齊，處賓師之位，非當仕有官職者，故其言如此。”此章見賓師不以趨走承順為恭，而以責難陳善為敬；人君不以崇高富貴為重，而以貴德尊士為賢，則上下交而德業成矣。
陳臻問曰：“前日于齊，王饋兼金一百而不受；于宋，饋七十?而受；于薛，饋五十鎰而受。前日之不受是，則今日之受非也；今日之受是，則前日之不受非也。夫子必居一于此矣。”陳臻，孟子弟子。兼金，好金也，其價兼倍于常者。一百，百鎰也。孟子曰：“皆是也。皆適于義也。當在宋也，予將有遠行。行者必以贐，辭曰：‘饋贐。’予何為不受？贐，徐刃反。贐，送行者之禮也。當在薛也，予有戒心。辭曰：‘聞戒。’故為兵饋之，予何為不受？為兵之為，去聲。時人有欲害孟子者，孟子設兵以戒備之。薛君以金饋孟子，為兵備。辭曰“聞子之有戒心也”。若于齊，則未有處也。無處而饋之，是貨之也。焉有君子而可以貨取乎？”焉，于虔反。無遠行戒心之事，是未有所處也。取，猶致也。尹氏曰：“言君子之辭受取予，惟當于理而已。”
孟子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)陸。謂(wei)其大夫(fu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)戟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)，一(yi)日而三失伍(wu)(wu)，則去(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)否(fou)乎？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)待三。”去(qu)(qu)，上聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。平(ping)陸，齊下邑(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。大夫(fu)，邑(yi)宰也(ye)(ye)(ye)。戟，有枝兵也(ye)(ye)(ye)。士(shi)，戰士(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。伍(wu)(wu)，行列也(ye)(ye)(ye)。去(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，殺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。“然(ran)則子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)失伍(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)亦多矣(yi)。兇年饑歲，子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民，老(lao)羸轉于溝壑，壯者散(san)而之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四方者，幾千(qian)人(ren)(ren)矣(yi)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“此非距心之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所得(de)(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”幾，上聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)失伍(wu)(wu)，言(yan)(yan)其失職，猶士(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)失伍(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。距心，大夫(fu)名(ming)。對言(yan)(yan)此乃王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)失政(zheng)使然(ran)，非我(wo)所得(de)(de)專為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“今有受(shou)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)牛(niu)羊而為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)牧(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者，則必為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)求牧(mu)與(yu)芻矣(yi)。求牧(mu)與(yu)芻而不(bu)得(de)(de)，則反(fan)諸其人(ren)(ren)乎？抑亦立而視其死與(yu)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“此則距心之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。死與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。牧(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，養之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。牧(mu)，牧(mu)地(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。芻，草也(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子(zi)言(yan)(yan)若(ruo)不(bu)得(de)(de)自(zi)專，何不(bu)致其事而去(qu)(qu)。他日，見于王(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)都者，臣(chen)知五人(ren)(ren)焉(yan)。知其罪者，惟(wei)孔距心。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)誦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”王(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“此則寡人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”見，音現。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)都，治邑(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。邑(yi)有先君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)廟曰(yue)(yue)(yue)都。孔，大夫(fu)姓也(ye)(ye)(ye)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)誦其語，欲以諷曉王(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。陳(chen)氏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“孟子(zi)一(yi)言(yan)(yan)而齊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君臣(chen)舉知其罪，固(gu)足以興(xing)邦矣(yi)。然(ran)而齊卒不(bu)得(de)(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)國者，豈非說(shuo)而不(bu)繹，從(cong)而不(bu)改故邪？”

孟子謂蚔?曰：“子之辭靈丘而請士師，似也，為其可以言也。今既數月矣，未可以言與？”蚔，音遲。?，烏花反。為，去聲。與，平聲。蚔?，齊大夫也。靈丘，齊下邑。似也，言所為近似有理。可以言，謂士師近王，得以諫刑罰之不中者。蚔?諫于王而不用，致為臣而去。致，猶還也。齊人曰：“所以為蚔?，則善矣；所以自為，則吾不知也。”為，去聲。譏孟子道不行而不能去也。公都子以告。公都子，孟子弟子也。曰：“吾聞之也：有官守者，不得其職則去；有言責者，不得其言則去。我無官守，我無言責也，則吾進退，豈不綽綽然有余裕哉？”官守，以官為守者。言責，以言為責者。綽綽，寬貌。裕，寬意也。孟子居賓師之位，未嘗受祿。故其進退之際，寬裕如此。尹氏曰：“進退久速，當于理而已。”
孟子為卿于齊，出吊于滕，王使蓋大夫王驩為輔行。王驩朝暮見，反齊滕之路，未嘗與之言行事也。蓋，古盍反。見，音現。蓋，齊下邑也。王驩，王嬖臣也。輔行，副使也。反，往而還也。行事，使事也。公孫丑曰：“齊卿之位，不為小矣；齊滕之路，不為近矣。反之而未嘗與言行事，何也？”曰：“夫既或治之，予何言哉？”夫，音扶。王驩蓋攝卿以行，故曰齊卿。夫既或治之，言有司已治之矣。孟子之待小人，不惡而嚴如此。
孟子自齊葬于魯，反于齊，止于嬴。充虞請曰：“前日不知虞之不肖，使虞敦匠事。嚴，虞不敢請。今愿竊有請也，木若以美然。”孟子仕于齊，喪母，歸葬于魯。嬴，齊南邑。充虞，孟子弟子，嘗董治作棺之事者也。嚴，急也。木，棺木也。以、已通。以美，太美也。曰：“古者棺槨無度，中古棺七寸，槨稱之。自天子達于庶人。非直為觀美也，然后盡于人心。稱，去聲。度，厚薄尺寸也。中古，周公制禮時也。槨稱之，與棺相稱也。欲其堅厚久遠，非特為人觀視之美而已。不得，不可以為悅；無財，不可以為悅。得之為有財，古之人皆用之，吾何為獨不然？不得，謂法制所不當得。得之為有財，言得之而又為有財也。或曰：“為當作而。”且比化者，無使土親膚，于人心獨無恔乎？比，必二反。恔，音效。比，猶為也。化者，死者也。恔，快也。言為死者不使土近其肌膚，于人子之心，豈不快然無所恨乎？吾聞之君子：不以天下儉其親。”送終之禮，所當得為而不自盡，是為天下愛惜此物，而薄于吾親也。
沈同以其私問曰：“燕可伐與？”孟子曰：“可。子噲不得與人燕，子之不得受燕于子噲。有仕于此，而子悅之，不告于王而私與之吾子之祿爵；夫士也，亦無王命而私受之于子，則可乎？何以異于是？”伐與之與，平聲；下伐與、殺與同。夫，音扶。沈同，齊臣。以私問，非王命也。子噲、子之，事見前篇。諸侯土地人民，受之天子，傳之先君。私以與人，則與者受者皆有罪也。仕，為官也。士，即從仕之人也。齊人伐燕。或問曰：“勸齊伐燕，有諸？”曰：“未也。沈同問‘燕可伐與’？吾應之曰‘可’，彼然而伐之也。彼如曰‘孰可以伐之’？則將應之曰：‘為天吏，則可以伐之。’今有殺人者，或問之曰‘人可殺與’？則將應之曰‘可’。彼如曰‘孰可以殺之’？則將應之曰：‘為士師，則可以殺之。’今以燕伐燕，何為勸之哉？”天吏，解見上篇。言齊無道，與燕無異，如以燕伐燕也。史記亦謂孟子勸齊伐燕，蓋傳聞此說之誤。楊氏曰：“燕固可伐矣，故孟子曰可。使齊王能誅其君，吊其民，何不可之有？乃殺其父兄，虜其子弟，而后燕人畔之。乃以是歸咎孟子之言，則誤矣。”
燕人畔。王曰：“吾甚慚于孟子。”齊破燕后二年，燕人共立太子平為王。陳賈曰：“王無患焉。王自以為與周公，孰仁且智？”王曰：“惡！是何言也？”曰：“周公使管叔監殷，管叔以殷畔。知而使之，是不仁也；不知而使之，是不智也。仁智，周公未之盡也，而況于王乎？賈請見而解之。”惡、監，皆平聲。陳賈，齊大夫也。管叔，名鮮，武王弟，周公兄也。武王勝商殺紂，立紂子武庚，而使管叔與弟蔡叔、霍叔監其國。武王崩，成王幼，周公攝政。管叔與武庚畔，周公討而誅之。見孟子問曰：“周公何人也？”曰：“古圣人也。”曰：“使管叔監殷，管叔以殷畔也，有諸？”曰：“然。”曰：“周公知其將畔而使之與？”曰：“不知也。”“然則圣人且有過與？”曰：“周公，弟也；管叔，兄也。周公之過，不亦宜乎？與，平聲。言周公乃管叔之弟，管叔乃周公之兄，然則周公不知管叔之將畔而使之，其過有所不免矣。或曰：“周公之處管叔，不如舜之處象何也？”游氏曰：“象之惡已著，而其志不過富貴而已，故舜得以是而全之；若管叔之惡則未著，而其志其才皆非象比也，周公詎忍逆探其兄之惡而棄之耶？周公愛兄，宜無不盡者。管叔之事，圣人之不幸也。舜誠信而喜象，周公誠信而任管叔，此天理人倫之至，其用心一也。且古之君子，過則改之；今之君子，過則順之。古之君子，其過也，如日月之食，民皆見之；及其更也，民皆仰之。今之君子，豈徒順之，又從為之辭。”更，平聲。順，猶遂也。更，改也。辭，辯也。更之則無損于明，故民仰之。順而為之辭，則其過愈深矣。責賈不能勉其君以遷善改過，而教之以遂非文過也。林氏曰：“齊王慚于孟子，蓋羞惡之心，有不能自已者。使其臣有能因是心而將順之，則義不可勝用矣。而陳賈鄙夫，方且為之曲為辯說，而沮其遷善改過之心，長其飾非拒諫之惡，故孟子深責之。然此書記事，散出而無先后之次，故其說必參考而后通。若以第二篇十章十一章，置于前章之后，此章之前。則孟子之意，不待論說而自明矣。”
孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)致為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)臣(chen)而(er)(er)歸(gui)。孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)久于(yu)齊而(er)(er)道不(bu)(bu)行，故(gu)去也(ye)。王就(jiu)見(jian)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，曰(yue)(yue)：“前日(ri)愿見(jian)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)得(de)，得(de)侍，同朝(chao)甚喜。今又棄寡人(ren)而(er)(er)歸(gui)，不(bu)(bu)識可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)繼此(ci)而(er)(er)得(de)見(jian)乎(hu)(hu)？”對曰(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)敢請(qing)耳，固(gu)所(suo)(suo)愿也(ye)。”朝(chao)，音(yin)潮(chao)。他日(ri)，王謂(wei)時(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：“我(wo)(wo)欲(yu)中國(guo)(guo)而(er)(er)授孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)室，養弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)鐘(zhong)(zhong)，使諸大(da)夫(fu)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)皆有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)矜(jin)式(shi)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)盍為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)？”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，去聲。時(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，齊臣(chen)也(ye)。中國(guo)(guo)，當國(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)中也(ye)。萬(wan)(wan)鐘(zhong)(zhong)，谷祿之(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)也(ye)。鐘(zhong)(zhong)，量名，受(shou)(shou)六斛四斗。矜(jin)，敬也(ye)。式(shi)，法也(ye)。盍，何不(bu)(bu)也(ye)。時(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)因陳(chen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)而(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，陳(chen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)告孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。陳(chen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，即(ji)陳(chen)臻也(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：“然。夫(fu)時(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)惡知其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)也(ye)？如(ru)使予欲(yu)富，辭(ci)十萬(wan)(wan)而(er)(er)受(shou)(shou)萬(wan)(wan)，是為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)欲(yu)富乎(hu)(hu)？夫(fu)，音(yin)扶。惡，平聲。孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)既以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)道不(bu)(bu)行而(er)(er)去，則(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)義不(bu)(bu)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)復(fu)留；而(er)(er)時(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)知，則(ze)又有(you)(you)難顯言(yan)者(zhe)。故(gu)但言(yan)設(she)使我(wo)(wo)欲(yu)富，則(ze)我(wo)(wo)前日(ri)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卿，嘗辭(ci)十萬(wan)(wan)之(zhi)(zhi)祿，今乃受(shou)(shou)此(ci)萬(wan)(wan)鐘(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)饋。是我(wo)(wo)雖欲(yu)富，亦不(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)也(ye)。季(ji)孫(sun)曰(yue)(yue)：‘異(yi)哉子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)叔(shu)疑！使己為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)政(zheng)，不(bu)(bu)用(yong)，則(ze)亦已矣，又使其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卿。人(ren)亦孰不(bu)(bu)欲(yu)富貴？而(er)(er)獨于(yu)富貴之(zhi)(zhi)中，有(you)(you)私龍(long)斷(duan)焉(yan)(yan)。’龍(long)，音(yin)壟(long)。此(ci)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)引(yin)(yin)季(ji)孫(sun)之(zhi)(zhi)語也(ye)。季(ji)孫(sun)、子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)叔(shu)疑，不(bu)(bu)知何時(shi)人(ren)。龍(long)斷(duan)，岡壟(long)之(zhi)(zhi)斷(duan)而(er)(er)高也(ye)，義見(jian)下文。蓋子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)叔(shu)疑者(zhe)嘗不(bu)(bu)用(yong)，而(er)(er)使其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卿。季(ji)孫(sun)譏(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)既不(bu)(bu)得(de)于(yu)此(ci)，而(er)(er)又欲(yu)求(qiu)得(de)于(yu)彼，如(ru)下文賤(jian)丈夫(fu)登龍(long)斷(duan)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)。孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)引(yin)(yin)此(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明道既不(bu)(bu)行，復(fu)受(shou)(shou)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)祿，則(ze)無(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)異(yi)此(ci)矣。古之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)市也(ye)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)易其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)無(wu)者(zhe)，有(you)(you)司者(zhe)治之(zhi)(zhi)耳。有(you)(you)賤(jian)丈夫(fu)焉(yan)(yan)，必(bi)求(qiu)龍(long)斷(duan)而(er)(er)登之(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)左(zuo)右(you)望(wang)而(er)(er)罔(wang)(wang)市利。人(ren)皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)賤(jian)，故(gu)從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)征之(zhi)(zhi)。征商(shang)，自此(ci)賤(jian)丈夫(fu)始矣。孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)釋龍(long)斷(duan)之(zhi)(zhi)說如(ru)此(ci)。治之(zhi)(zhi)，謂(wei)治其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爭訟。左(zuo)右(you)望(wang)者(zhe)，欲(yu)得(de)此(ci)而(er)(er)又取(qu)彼也(ye)。罔(wang)(wang)，謂(wei)罔(wang)(wang)羅取(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)征之(zhi)(zhi)，謂(wei)人(ren)惡其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)專利，故(gu)就(jiu)征其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)稅，后世緣此(ci)遂征商(shang)人(ren)也(ye)。程子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：“齊王所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)處孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)，未為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)，孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)亦非(fei)不(bu)(bu)肯為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)矜(jin)式(shi)者(zhe)。但齊王實非(fei)欲(yu)尊孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，乃欲(yu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)利誘之(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)拒而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)受(shou)(shou)。”

孟子去齊，宿于晝。晝，如字，或曰：“當作畫，音獲。”下同。晝，齊西南近邑也。有欲為王留行者，坐而言。不應，隱幾而臥。為，去聲，下同。隱，于靳反。隱，憑也。客坐而言，孟子不應而臥也。客不悅曰：“弟子齊宿而后敢言，夫子臥而不聽，請勿復敢見矣。”曰：“坐！我明語子。昔者魯繆公無人乎子思之側，則不能安子思；泄柳、申詳，無人乎繆公之側，則不能安其身。齊，側皆反。復，扶又反。語，去聲。齊宿，齊戒越宿也。繆公尊禮子思，常使人候伺道達誠意于其側，乃能安而留之也。泄柳，魯人。申詳，子張之子也。繆公尊之不如子思，然二子義不茍容，非有賢者在其君之左右維持調護之，則亦不能安其身矣。子為長者慮，而不及子思，子絕長者乎？長者絕子乎？”長，上聲。長者，孟子自稱也。言齊王不使子來，而子自欲為王留我；是所以為我謀者，不及繆公留子思之事，而先絕我也。我之臥而不應，豈為先絕子乎？
孟子去齊。君士語人曰：“不識王之不可以為湯武，則是不明也；識其不可，然且至，則是干澤也。千里而見王，不遇故去。三宿而后出晝，是何濡滯也？士則茲不悅。”語，去聲。尹士，齊人也。干，求也。澤，恩澤也。濡滯，遲留也。高子以告。高子，亦齊人，孟子弟子也。曰：“夫尹士惡知予哉？千里而見王，是予所欲也；不遇故去，豈予所欲哉？予不得已也。夫，音扶，下同。惡，平聲。見王，欲以行道也。今道不行，故不得已而去，非本欲如此也。予三宿而出晝，于予心猶以為速。王庶幾改之。王如改諸，則必反予。所改必指一事而言，然今不可考矣。夫出晝而王不予追也，予然后浩然有歸志。予雖然，豈舍王哉？王由足用為善。王如用予，則豈徒齊民安，天下之民舉安。王庶幾改之，予日望之。浩然，如水之流不可止也。楊氏曰：“齊王天資樸實，如好勇、好貨、好色、好世俗之樂，皆以直告而不隱于孟子，故足以為善。若乃其心不然，而謬為大言以欺人，是人終不可與入堯舜之道矣，何善之能為？”予豈若是小丈夫然哉？諫于其君而不受，則怒，悻悻然見于其面。去則窮日之力而后宿哉？”悻，形頂反。見，音現。悻悻，怒意也。窮，盡也。尹士聞之曰：“士誠小人也。”此章見圣賢行道濟時，汲汲之本心；愛君澤民，惓惓之余意。李氏曰：“于此見君子憂則違之之情，而荷蕢者所以為果也。”
孟子去齊。充虞路問曰：“夫子若有不豫色然。前日虞聞諸夫子曰：‘君子不怨天，不尤人。’”路問，于路中問也。豫，悅也。尤，過也。此二句實孔子之言，蓋孟子嘗稱之以教人耳。曰：“彼一時，此一時也。彼，前日。此，今日。五百年必有王者興，其間必有名世者。自堯舜至湯，自湯至文武，皆五百余年而圣人出。名世，謂其人德業聞望，可名于一世者，為之輔佐。若皋陶、稷、契、伊尹、萊朱、太公望、散宜生之屬。由周而來，七百有余歲矣。以其數則過矣，以其時考之則可矣。周，謂文武之間。數，謂五百年之期。時，謂亂極思治可以有為之日。于是而不得一有所為，此孟子所以不能無不豫也。夫天，未欲平治天下也；如欲平治天下，當今之世，舍我其誰也？吾何為不豫哉？”夫，音扶。舍，上聲。言當此之時，而使我不遇于齊，是天未欲平治天下也。然天意未可知，而其具又在我，我何為不豫哉？然則孟子雖若有不豫然者，而實未嘗不豫也。蓋圣賢憂世之志，樂天之誠，有并行而不悖者，于此見矣。
孟子去(qu)(qu)齊，居(ju)休。公(gong)孫丑(chou)問曰(yue)：“仕而不(bu)(bu)受(shou)祿，古之道乎？”休，地名。曰(yue)：“非也。于崇，吾得見王。退而有(you)去(qu)(qu)志(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)欲變(bian)，故不(bu)(bu)受(shou)也。崇，亦(yi)地名。孟子始見齊王，必有(you)所不(bu)(bu)合，故有(you)去(qu)(qu)志(zhi)。變(bian)，謂變(bian)其去(qu)(qu)志(zhi)。繼而有(you)師命(ming)，不(bu)(bu)可以請(qing)。久于齊，非我志(zhi)也。”師命(ming)，師旅之命(ming)也。國(guo)既被兵(bing)，難(nan)請(qing)去(qu)(qu)也。孔氏曰(yue)：“仕而受(shou)祿，禮也；不(bu)(bu)受(shou)齊祿，義(yi)也。義(yi)之所在，禮有(you)時而變(bian)，公(gong)孫丑(chou)欲以一端(duan)裁之，不(bu)(bu)亦(yi)誤乎？”

孟子卷(juan)五(wu)　滕文公章(zhang)句上

凡五章。
滕文公為世子，將之楚，過宋而見孟子。世子，太子也。孟子道性善，言必稱堯舜。道，言也。性者，人所稟于天以生之理也，渾然至善，未嘗有惡。人與堯舜初無少異，但眾人汨于私欲而失之，堯舜則無私欲之蔽，而能充其性爾。故孟子與世子言，每道性善，而必稱堯舜以實之。欲其知仁義不假外求，圣人可學而至，而不懈于用力也。門人不能悉記其辭，而撮其大旨如此。程子曰：“性即理也。天下之理，原其所自，未有不善。喜、怒、哀、樂未發，何嘗不善。發而中節，即無往而不善；發不中節，然后為不善。故凡言善惡，皆先善而后惡；言吉兇，皆先吉而后兇；言是非，皆先是而后非。”世子自楚反，復見孟子。孟子曰：“世子疑吾言乎？夫道一而已矣。復，扶又反。夫，音扶。時人不知性之本善，而以圣賢為不可企及；故世子于孟子之言不能無疑，而復來求見，蓋恐別有卑近易行之說也。孟子知之，故但告之如此，以明古今圣愚本同一性，前言已盡，無復有他說也。成?謂齊景公曰：‘彼丈夫也，我丈夫也，吾何畏彼哉？’顏淵曰：‘舜何人也？予何人也？有為者亦若是。’公明儀曰：‘文王我師也，周公豈欺我哉？’?，古莧反。成?，人姓名。彼，謂圣賢也。有為者亦若是，言人能有為，則皆如舜也。公明，姓；儀，名；魯賢人也。文王我師也，蓋周公之言。公明儀亦以文王為必可師，故誦周公之言，而嘆其不我欺也。孟子既告世子以道無二致，而復引此三言以明之，欲世子篤信力行，以師圣賢，不當復求他說也。今滕，絕長補短，將五十里也，猶可以為善國。書曰：‘若藥不瞑眩，厥疾不瘳。’”瞑，莫甸反。眩，音縣。絕，猶截也。書商書說命篇。瞑眩，憒亂。言滕國雖小，猶足為治，但恐安于卑近，不能自克，則不足以去惡而為善也。愚按：孟子之言性善，始見于此，而詳具于告子之篇。然默識而旁通之，則七篇之中，無非此理。其所以擴前圣之未發，而有功于圣人之門，程子之言信矣。
滕定公薨。世子謂然友曰：“昔者孟子嘗與我言于宋，于心終不忘。今也不幸至于大故，吾欲使子問于孟子，然后行事。”定公，文公父也。然友，世子之傅也。大故，大喪也。事，謂喪禮。然友之鄒問于孟子。孟子曰：“不亦善乎！親喪固所自盡也。曾子曰：‘生，事之以禮；死，葬之以禮，祭之以禮，可謂孝矣。’諸侯之禮，吾未之學也；雖然，吾嘗聞之矣。三年之喪，齊疏之服，?粥之食，自天子達于庶人，三代共之。”齊，音資。疏，所居反。?，諸延〔一〕反。當時諸侯莫能行古喪禮，而文公獨能以此為問，故孟子善之。又言父母之喪，固人子之心所自盡者。蓋悲哀之情，痛疾之意，非自外至，宜乎文公于此有所不能自已也。但所引曾子之言，本孔子告樊遲者，豈曾子嘗誦之以告其門人歟？三年之喪者，子生三年，然后免于父母之懷。故父母之喪，必以三年也。齊，衣下縫也。不緝曰斬衰，緝之曰齊衰。疏，麤也，麤布也。?，糜也。喪禮：三日始食粥。既葬，乃疏食。此古今貴賤通行之禮也。然友反命，定為三年之喪。父兄百官皆不欲，曰：“吾宗國魯先君莫之行，吾先君亦莫之行也，至于子之身而反之，不可。且志曰：‘喪祭從先祖。’”曰：“吾有所受之也。”父兄，同姓老臣也。滕與魯俱文王之后，而魯祖周公為長。兄弟宗之，故滕謂魯為宗國也。然謂二國不行三年之喪者，乃其后世之失，非周公之法本然也。志，記也，引志之言而釋其意。以為所以如此者，蓋為上世以來，有所傳受；雖或不同，不可改也。然志所言，本謂先王之世舊俗所傳，禮文小異而可以通行者耳，不謂后世失禮之甚者也。謂然友曰：“吾他日未嘗學問，好馳馬試劍。今也父兄百官不我足也，恐其不能盡于大事，子為我問孟子。”然友復之鄒問孟子。孟子曰：“然。不可以他求者也。孔子曰：‘君薨，聽于冢宰。歠粥，面深墨。即位而哭，百官有司，莫敢不哀，先之也。’上有好者，下必有甚焉者矣。‘君子之德，風也；小人之德，草也。草尚之風必偃。’是在世子。”好、為，皆去聲。復，扶又反。歠，川悅反。不我足，謂不以我滿足其意也。然者，然其不我足之言。不可他求者，言當責之于己。冢宰，六卿之長也。歠，飲也。深墨，甚黑色也。即，就也。尚，加也。論語作上，古字通也。偃，伏也。孟子言但在世子自盡其哀而已。然友反命。世子曰：“然。是誠在我。”五月居廬，未有命戒。百官族人可謂曰知。及至葬，四方來觀之，顏色之戚，哭泣之哀，吊者大悅。諸侯五月而葬，未葬，居倚廬于中門之外。居喪不言，故未有命令教戒也。可謂曰知，疑有闕誤。或曰“皆謂世子之知禮也。”林氏曰：“孟子之時，喪禮既壞，然三年之喪，惻隱之心，痛疾之意，出于人心之所固有者，初未嘗亡也。惟其溺于流俗之弊，是以喪其良心而不自知耳。文公見孟子而聞性善堯舜之說，則固有以啟發其良心矣，是以至此而哀痛之誠心發焉。及其父兄百官皆不欲行，則亦反躬自責，悼其前行之不足以取信，而不敢有非其父兄百官之心。雖其資質有過人者，而學問之力，亦不可誣也。及其斷然行之，而遠近見聞無不悅服，則以人心之所同然者，自我發之，而彼之心悅誠服，亦有所不期然而然者。人性之善，豈不信哉？”〔一〕“延”原作“筵”，據清仿宋大字本改。
滕(teng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)問(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國。文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)禮(li)(li)聘(pin)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)至(zhi)(zhi)滕(teng)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)問(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“民(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)緩也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。詩(shi)云(yun)：‘晝(zhou)爾于(yu)(yu)茅，宵爾索绹；亟(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)乘(cheng)屋，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)始(shi)(shi)(shi)播百谷。’绹，音(yin)(yin)陶。亟(ji)(ji)，紀力反(fan)。民(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)，謂(wei)農(nong)事(shi)(shi)。詩(shi)豳風七(qi)月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)。于(yu)(yu)，往取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。绹，絞也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。亟(ji)(ji)，絞也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。亟(ji)(ji)，急(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。乘(cheng)，升也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。播，布也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農(nong)事(shi)(shi)至(zhi)(zhi)重，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)君(jun)(jun)(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)緩而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)忽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)引(yin)詩(shi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)治(zhi)(zhi)屋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)急(ji)如(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，蓋以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)春將(jiang)復始(shi)(shi)(shi)播百谷，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)暇為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。民(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)道也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，有(you)(you)(you)恒(heng)產(chan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)恒(heng)心，無(wu)恒(heng)產(chan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)無(wu)恒(heng)心。茍(gou)無(wu)恒(heng)心，放辟邪(xie)侈，無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)已(yi)。及(ji)(ji)陷(xian)乎(hu)罪，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)從而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)刑(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)罔(wang)民(min)(min)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。焉有(you)(you)(you)仁(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在位，罔(wang)民(min)(min)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？音(yin)(yin)義并見(jian)(jian)前篇(pian)(pian)。是(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)賢(xian)君(jun)(jun)(jun)必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)恭(gong)儉禮(li)(li)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)于(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)有(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。恭(gong)則(ze)(ze)能(neng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)禮(li)(li)接下(xia)(xia)(xia)，儉則(ze)(ze)能(neng)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)民(min)(min)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。陽虎(hu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)富不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)仁(ren)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)仁(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)富矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。’陽虎(hu)，陽貨，魯(lu)季氏(shi)家臣也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。天(tian)(tian)理人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)欲(yu)(yu)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)容并立。虎(hu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，恐(kong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)仁(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害于(yu)(yu)富也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，恐(kong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)富之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害于(yu)(yu)仁(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小(xiao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，每(mei)相反(fan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。夏后(hou)氏(shi)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，殷(yin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)百畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)徹(che)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)實皆(jie)什(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。徹(che)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，徹(che)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，借(jie)(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。徹(che)，敕列反(fan)。借(jie)(jie)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夜反(fan)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，乃言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)常(chang)產(chan)，與(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夏時一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)授(shou)(shou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)每(mei)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)計其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)五(wu)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)入以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。商人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)始(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)六百三十(shi)(shi)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)，畫為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)九(jiu)(jiu)區，區七(qi)十(shi)(shi)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。中為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)外(wai)八家各授(shou)(shou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)區，但借(jie)(jie)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)力以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)耕公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)復稅其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)私(si)(si)(si)(si)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)時一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)授(shou)(shou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)百畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。鄉遂(sui)(sui)(sui)用(yong)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，十(shi)(shi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)(you)溝(gou)；都鄙用(yong)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，八家同(tong)(tong)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。耕則(ze)(ze)通(tong)力而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)作(zuo)，收(shou)則(ze)(ze)計畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徹(che)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)實皆(jie)什(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)固以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)常(chang)數，惟(wei)(wei)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)乃是(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)商制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)考(kao)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)百畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，中以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)廬(lu)舍，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)耕公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)實計十(shi)(shi)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。通(tong)私(si)(si)(si)(si)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)百畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，蓋又(you)(you)輕于(yu)(yu)什(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。竊料商制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亦(yi)當似此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)四畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)廬(lu)舍，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)實耕公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)七(qi)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，是(shi)(shi)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)過什(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。徹(che)，通(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，均也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。借(jie)(jie)，借(jie)(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。龍子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘治(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)莫善(shan)于(yu)(yu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)善(shan)于(yu)(yu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)校(xiao)(xiao)數歲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)常(chang)。樂歲，粒米狼戾(li)(li)，多(duo)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)虐，則(ze)(ze)寡取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；兇年，糞其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)，則(ze)(ze)必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)盈(ying)焉。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)民(min)(min)父(fu)母，使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)盻(xi)盻(xi)然(ran)(ran)，將(jiang)終歲勤(qin)動(dong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)養其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)母，又(you)(you)稱(cheng)貸而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)益(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)老(lao)稚(zhi)轉乎(hu)溝(gou)壑(he)，惡在其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)民(min)(min)父(fu)母也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？’樂，音(yin)(yin)洛。盻(xi)，五(wu)禮(li)(li)反(fan)，從目從兮。或音(yin)(yin)普(pu)莧反(fan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)非。養，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。惡，平聲(sheng)(sheng)。龍子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，古賢(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。狼戾(li)(li)，猶(you)狼借(jie)(jie)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)多(duo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。糞，壅〔一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)〕也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。盈(ying)，滿也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。盻(xi)，恨視也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。勤(qin)動(dong)，勞(lao)苦也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。稱(cheng)，舉也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。貸，借(jie)(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)物于(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)出(chu)(chu)息以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)償(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。益(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)足(zu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)盈(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。稚(zhi)，幼子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)世(shi)(shi)祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，滕(teng)固行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，音(yin)(yin)扶(fu)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)嘗言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)治(zhi)(zhi)岐(qi)，耕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)九(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，仕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)世(shi)(shi)祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，二(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)王(wang)政之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)世(shi)(shi)祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)滕(teng)已(yi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，惟(wei)(wei)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)未(wei)(wei)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)于(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)無(wu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)。蓋世(shi)(shi)祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，授(shou)(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)入，實與(yu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)相為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)表?，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)野(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)各有(you)(you)(you)定業，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)相安者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。詩(shi)云(yun)：‘雨(yu)(yu)我(wo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，遂(sui)(sui)(sui)及(ji)(ji)我(wo)私(si)(si)(si)(si)。’惟(wei)(wei)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。由此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，雖(sui)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)亦(yi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。雨(yu)(yu)，于(yu)(yu)付反(fan)。詩(shi)小(xiao)雅大(da)(da)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)。雨(yu)(yu)，降雨(yu)(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)愿天(tian)(tian)雨(yu)(yu)于(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)及(ji)(ji)私(si)(si)(si)(si)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，先(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)私(si)(si)(si)(si)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。當時助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)盡廢(fei)(fei)，典籍不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)存，惟(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)詩(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)見(jian)(jian)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)亦(yi)用(yong)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。設為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)庠(xiang)序學校(xiao)(xiao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：庠(xiang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，養也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；校(xiao)(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，教也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；序者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，射也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)校(xiao)(xiao)，殷(yin)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)序，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)庠(xiang)，學則(ze)(ze)三代共(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，皆(jie)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)倫(lun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)倫(lun)明于(yu)(yu)上(shang)，小(xiao)民(min)(min)親于(yu)(yu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)。庠(xiang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)養老(lao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)義，校(xiao)(xiao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)教民(min)(min)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)義，序以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)習射為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)義，皆(jie)鄉學也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。學，國學也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。共(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，無(wu)異名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。倫(lun)，序也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。父(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)親，君(jun)(jun)(jun)臣有(you)(you)(you)義，夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)婦有(you)(you)(you)別，長幼有(you)(you)(you)序，朋友有(you)(you)(you)信，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)倫(lun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。庠(xiang)序學校(xiao)(xiao)，皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)。有(you)(you)(you)王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)起(qi)，必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)來(lai)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，是(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)師(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。滕(teng)國褊(bian)小(xiao)，雖(sui)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)政，未(wei)(wei)必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)能(neng)興王(wang)業；然(ran)(ran)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)師(shi)，則(ze)(ze)雖(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)澤(ze)亦(yi)足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。圣賢(xian)至(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)無(wu)我(wo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心，于(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)見(jian)(jian)。詩(shi)云(yun)‘周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)雖(sui)舊邦(bang)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)命惟(wei)(wei)新(xin)(xin)(xin)’，文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)力行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，亦(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國。”詩(shi)大(da)(da)雅文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)雖(sui)后(hou)稷以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)，舊為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)諸侯，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)受(shou)天(tian)(tian)命而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，則(ze)(ze)自文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)始(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，指文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，諸侯未(wei)(wei)踰年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)畢(bi)(bi)戰(zhan)問(wen)(wen)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)地(di)(di)。孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)將(jiang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)政，選擇(ze)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)勉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)！夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)仁(ren)政，必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)自經(jing)(jing)(jing)界(jie)始(shi)(shi)(shi)。經(jing)(jing)(jing)界(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)，井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)地(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鈞，谷祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)平。是(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)暴(bao)(bao)君(jun)(jun)(jun)污(wu)(wu)吏(li)必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)慢(man)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)界(jie)。經(jing)(jing)(jing)界(jie)既(ji)正(zheng)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)坐而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)定也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，音(yin)(yin)扶(fu)。畢(bi)(bi)戰(zhan)，滕(teng)臣。文(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)因(yin)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)畢(bi)(bi)戰(zhan)主為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)地(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)又(you)(you)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)來(lai)問(wen)(wen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)詳(xiang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)地(di)(di)，即井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。經(jing)(jing)(jing)界(jie)，謂(wei)治(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，經(jing)(jing)(jing)畫其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溝(gou)涂封植之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)界(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)修，則(ze)(ze)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)無(wu)定分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)豪強得(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兼幷，故(gu)(gu)(gu)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)地(di)(di)有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)釣；賦(fu)無(wu)定法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)貪暴(bao)(bao)得(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)多(duo)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)谷祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)平。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)欲(yu)(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)政者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)從此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)始(shi)(shi)(shi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)暴(bao)(bao)君(jun)(jun)(jun)污(wu)(wu)吏(li)則(ze)(ze)必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)欲(yu)(yu)慢(man)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)廢(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。有(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)正(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)(ze)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)勞(lao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)定矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)滕(teng)壤(rang)地(di)(di)褊(bian)小(xiao)，將(jiang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)焉，將(jiang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)野(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)焉。無(wu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)莫治(zhi)(zhi)野(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，無(wu)野(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)莫養君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，音(yin)(yin)扶(fu)。養，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)滕(teng)地(di)(di)雖(sui)小(xiao)，然(ran)(ran)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)閑亦(yi)必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)有(you)(you)(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)仕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)有(you)(you)(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)野(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)耕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)偏廢(fei)(fei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。請野(ye)(ye)九(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，國中什(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)自賦(fu)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常(chang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)野(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)養君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。野(ye)(ye)，郊外(wai)都鄙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。九(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。國中，郊門之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內，鄉遂(sui)(sui)(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)授(shou)(shou)，但為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)溝(gou)洫，使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)自賦(fu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，蓋用(yong)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)徹(che)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)蓋如(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)推之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，當時非惟(wei)(wei)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)止什(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。卿以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)有(you)(you)(you)圭(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，圭(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)世(shi)(shi)祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)常(chang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)，又(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)圭(gui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厚(hou)(hou)君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圭(gui)，潔(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)奉(feng)祭祀也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)世(shi)(shi)祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，滕(teng)已(yi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，但此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)未(wei)(wei)備(bei)耳(er)。余夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。程子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)上(shang)父(fu)母，下(xia)(xia)(xia)妻子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)口(kou)八口(kou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)率，受(shou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)百畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。如(ru)(ru)有(you)(you)(you)弟，是(shi)(shi)余夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。年十(shi)(shi)六，別受(shou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，俟其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壯(zhuang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)室，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)更(geng)受(shou)百畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。”愚按：此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)百畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)常(chang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)，又(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)余夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厚(hou)(hou)野(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。死(si)徙(xi)無(wu)出(chu)(chu)鄉，鄉田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)同(tong)(tong)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。出(chu)(chu)入相友，守望相助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，疾病相扶(fu)持，則(ze)(ze)百姓親睦。死(si)，謂(wei)葬也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。徙(xi)，謂(wei)徙(xi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)居也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。同(tong)(tong)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，八家也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。友，猶(you)伴(ban)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。守望，防寇盜(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。方(fang)(fang)里而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)九(jiu)(jiu)百畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。八家皆(jie)私(si)(si)(si)(si)百畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，同(tong)(tong)養公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)事(shi)(shi)畢(bi)(bi)，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)敢治(zhi)(zhi)私(si)(si)(si)(si)事(shi)(shi)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)別野(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。養，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。別，彼(bi)列反(fan)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)詳(xiang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)形(xing)體之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，乃周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)私(si)(si)(si)(si)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)野(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)受(shou)。先(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)私(si)(si)(si)(si)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)別君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)野(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，據野(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，省文(wen)(wen)(wen)耳(er)。上(shang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)野(ye)(ye)及(ji)(ji)國中二(er)(er)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)獨詳(xiang)于(yu)(yu)治(zhi)(zhi)野(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，國中貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，當時已(yi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，但取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過于(yu)(yu)什(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)爾。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)略(lve)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)潤(run)澤(ze)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)(ze)在君(jun)(jun)(jun)與(yu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。”夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，音(yin)(yin)扶(fu)。井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)地(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，諸侯皆(jie)去(qu)(qu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)籍，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)特其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)略(lve)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)。潤(run)澤(ze)，謂(wei)因(yin)時制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜(yi)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)于(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)情，宜(yi)于(yu)(yu)土(tu)俗，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失乎(hu)先(xian)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。呂氏(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)張子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)慨然(ran)(ran)有(you)(you)(you)意(yi)三代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)(zhi)。論治(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)先(xian)務(wu)，未(wei)(wei)始(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)界(jie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)急(ji)。講求法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，粲然(ran)(ran)備(bei)具。要之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)于(yu)(yu)今(jin)，如(ru)(ru)有(you)(you)(you)用(yong)我(wo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，舉而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)措(cuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)。嘗曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘仁(ren)政必(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)自經(jing)(jing)(jing)界(jie)始(shi)(shi)(shi)。貧富不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)均，教養無(wu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)；雖(sui)欲(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)治(zhi)(zhi)，皆(jie)茍(gou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)。世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病難行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，未(wei)(wei)始(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)亟(ji)(ji)奪富人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)辭。然(ran)(ran)茲(zi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，悅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)眾。茍(gou)處之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)術，期以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)數年，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)刑(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)復。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)病者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，特上(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未(wei)(wei)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)耳(er)。’乃言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘縱(zong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，猶(you)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)驗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)鄉。’方(fang)(fang)與(yu)學者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)議古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，買田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)，畫為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)數井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。上(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賦(fu)役。退(tui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)私(si)(si)(si)(si)，正(zheng)經(jing)(jing)(jing)界(jie)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)宅里，立斂法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，廣儲蓄，興學校(xiao)(xiao)，成禮(li)(li)俗，救菑恤患，厚(hou)(hou)本抑末。足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)推先(xian)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遺法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，明當今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。有(you)(you)(you)志未(wei)(wei)就而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)卒。”愚按：喪禮(li)(li)經(jing)(jing)(jing)界(jie)兩(liang)章，見(jian)(jian)孟(meng)(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學，識其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)雖(sui)當禮(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)廢(fei)(fei)壞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度節文(wen)(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)復考(kao)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)能(neng)因(yin)略(lve)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致詳(xiang)，推舊而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)新(xin)(xin)(xin)；不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屑屑于(yu)(yu)既(ji)往之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)跡，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)能(neng)合(he)乎(hu)先(xian)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)，真可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)謂(wei)命世(shi)(shi)亞圣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。〔一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)〕“壅”原(yuan)作(zuo)“擁”，據清仿宋大(da)(da)字本改。

有為神農之言者許行，自楚之滕，踵門而告文公曰：“遠方之人聞君行仁政，愿受一廛而為氓。”文公與之處，其徒數十人，皆衣褐，捆屨、織席以為食。衣，去聲。捆，音閫。神農，炎帝神農氏。始為耒耜，教民稼穡者也。為其言者，史遷所謂農家者流也。許，姓，行，名也。踵門，足至門也。仁政，上章所言井地之法也。廛，民所居也。氓，野人之稱。褐，毛布，賤者之服也。捆，扣?之欲其堅也。以為食，賣以供食也。程子曰：“許行所謂神農之言，乃后世稱述上古之事，失其義理者耳，猶陰陽、醫、方稱黃帝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”陳(chen)(chen)(chen)良之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒陳(chen)(chen)(chen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)與(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)弟辛，負耒(lei)耜(si)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)宋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)滕(teng)(teng)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“聞(wen)君(jun)(jun)(jun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政，是(shi)(shi)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，愿為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)氓。”陳(chen)(chen)(chen)良，楚(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)儒者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。耜(si)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)土(tu)。耒(lei)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)柄也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。陳(chen)(chen)(chen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)見許(xu)(xu)(xu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)大(da)(da)悅，盡(jin)棄其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)學(xue)(xue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)學(xue)(xue)焉(yan)(yan)。陳(chen)(chen)(chen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)見孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，道(dao)(dao)(dao)許(xu)(xu)(xu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“滕(teng)(teng)君(jun)(jun)(jun)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)誠(cheng)賢君(jun)(jun)(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；雖(sui)然(ran)(ran)，未聞(wen)道(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。賢者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)與(yu)民(min)(min)并(bing)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)食(shi)，饔(yong)飧而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。今也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)滕(teng)(teng)有(you)(you)(you)倉廩府庫，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)厲(li)(li)(li)民(min)(min)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)養(yang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，惡(e)(e)得(de)(de)(de)賢？”饔(yong)，音(yin)(yin)雍。飧，音(yin)(yin)孫。惡(e)(e)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)。饔(yong)飧，熟食(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。朝曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)饔(yong)，夕曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)飧。言(yan)(yan)當(dang)(dang)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)炊爨以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)食(shi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)兼(jian)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。厲(li)(li)(li)，病(bing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。許(xu)(xu)(xu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)，蓋(gai)欲(yu)(yu)陰(yin)壞孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)分別君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)野人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“許(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)必種粟(su)(su)(su)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)(hou)食(shi)乎？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“然(ran)(ran)。”“許(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)必織布(bu)(bu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)(hou)衣(yi)乎？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否。許(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)衣(yi)褐。”“許(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)冠(guan)(guan)乎？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“冠(guan)(guan)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“奚(xi)冠(guan)(guan)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“冠(guan)(guan)素。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)織之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)粟(su)(su)(su)易(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“許(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)奚(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)織？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“害于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“許(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)釜甑爨，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)鐵耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)乎？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“然(ran)(ran)。”“自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)粟(su)(su)(su)易(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”衣(yi)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。與(yu)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)。釜，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)煮。甑，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)炊。爨，然(ran)(ran)火也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鐵，耜(si)屬(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)語(yu)八(ba)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，皆(jie)(jie)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)問而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)粟(su)(su)(su)易(yi)(yi)(yi)械(xie)器(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)厲(li)(li)(li)陶(tao)冶(ye)；陶(tao)冶(ye)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)器(qi)易(yi)(yi)(yi)粟(su)(su)(su)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，豈為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)厲(li)(li)(li)農(nong)夫(fu)(fu)哉(zai)？且(qie)(qie)(qie)許(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)何(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)陶(tao)冶(ye)。舍(she)皆(jie)(jie)取(qu)諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)宮(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？何(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)紛紛然(ran)(ran)與(yu)百(bai)工(gong)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)？何(he)許(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)憚煩？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“百(bai)工(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，固不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)且(qie)(qie)(qie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”舍(she)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。械(xie)器(qi)，釜甑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。陶(tao)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)甑者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。冶(ye)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)釜鐵者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。舍(she)，止(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，或(huo)讀屬(shu)上(shang)(shang)句。舍(she)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)作陶(tao)冶(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)處也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“然(ran)(ran)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)獨可耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)且(qie)(qie)(qie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)？有(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)。且(qie)(qie)(qie)一人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)身，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)工(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)備。如必自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)率天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)路也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：或(huo)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)心，或(huo)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)力；勞(lao)(lao)(lao)心者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)力者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)；治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)食(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)食(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)：天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)通(tong)義(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。與(yu)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)。食(shi)，音(yin)(yin)嗣。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)皆(jie)(jie)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。路，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)奔走道(dao)(dao)(dao)路，無(wu)(wu)時(shi)休息也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，見治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。食(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，出賦稅以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)給公上(shang)(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。食(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，見食(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)四(si)句皆(jie)(jie)古語(yu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)無(wu)(wu)小(xiao)(xiao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)饑，小(xiao)(xiao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)無(wu)(wu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)亂。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)易(yi)(yi)(yi)，正猶(you)農(nong)夫(fu)(fu)陶(tao)冶(ye)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)粟(su)(su)(su)與(yu)械(xie)器(qi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)易(yi)(yi)(yi)，乃(nai)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)濟(ji)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)非所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)病(bing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，豈必耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)且(qie)(qie)(qie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)哉(zai)？當(dang)(dang)堯(yao)(yao)(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)猶(you)未平(ping)(ping)(ping)，洪水(shui)橫流，泛濫(lan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。草(cao)木(mu)(mu)暢茂，禽(qin)獸(shou)繁(fan)殖，五谷(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)登，禽(qin)獸(shou)偪人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。獸(shou)蹄鳥跡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)，交(jiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)。堯(yao)(yao)(yao)獨憂(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，舉舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)敷治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)焉(yan)(yan)。舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)使(shi)(shi)益掌火，益烈山澤而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)焚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，禽(qin)獸(shou)逃(tao)匿。禹(yu)疏(shu)(shu)九河，瀹濟(ji)漯，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)注諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)海；決汝漢(han)，排淮泗(si)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)注之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)江(jiang)，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)可得(de)(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)食(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。當(dang)(dang)是(shi)(shi)時(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，禹(yu)八(ba)年(nian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)外，三(san)(san)過其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)入(ru)(ru)，雖(sui)欲(yu)(yu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)，得(de)(de)(de)乎？瀹，音(yin)(yin)藥(yao)。濟(ji)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)禮(li)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。漯，他(ta)合反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)猶(you)未平(ping)(ping)(ping)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，洪荒(huang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世，生民(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害多(duo)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)；圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)迭興，漸次除(chu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，至此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)尚未盡(jin)平(ping)(ping)(ping)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。洪，大(da)(da)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。橫流，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)由其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)散(san)溢妄行(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。泛濫(lan)，橫流之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。暢茂，長(chang)(chang)盛(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。繁(fan)殖，眾多(duo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。五谷(gu)(gu)，稻(dao)、黍(shu)、稷(ji)、麥、菽也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。登，成熟也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。道(dao)(dao)(dao)，路也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。獸(shou)蹄鳥跡交(jiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)，言(yan)(yan)禽(qin)獸(shou)多(duo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。敷，布(bu)(bu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。益，舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)臣(chen)(chen)名(ming)。烈，熾(chi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。禽(qin)獸(shou)逃(tao)匿，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)禹(yu)得(de)(de)(de)施治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功。疏(shu)(shu)，通(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，分也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。九河：曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)徒駭，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)太史(shi)(shi)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)馬頰，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)覆釜，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)胡蘇，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)簡，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)潔(jie)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)鉤盤，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)鬲津。瀹，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疏(shu)(shu)通(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。濟(ji)漯，二(er)水(shui)名(ming)。決、排，皆(jie)(jie)去(qu)(qu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壅塞(sai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。汝、漢(han)、淮、泗(si)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)皆(jie)(jie)水(shui)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。據禹(yu)貢(gong)及今水(shui)路，惟漢(han)水(shui)入(ru)(ru)江(jiang)耳。汝泗(si)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)入(ru)(ru)淮，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)淮自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)入(ru)(ru)海。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)水(shui)皆(jie)(jie)入(ru)(ru)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)江(jiang)，記者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誤也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)稷(ji)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)民(min)(min)稼穡。樹藝(yi)(yi)五谷(gu)(gu)，五谷(gu)(gu)熟而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)民(min)(min)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)育。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)道(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，飽食(shi)、暖衣(yi)、逸居(ju)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)近(jin)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)禽(qin)獸(shou)。圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)(you)憂(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)契(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)司(si)徒，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)倫：父子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)親，君(jun)(jun)(jun)臣(chen)(chen)有(you)(you)(you)義(yi)，夫(fu)(fu)婦有(you)(you)(you)別，長(chang)(chang)幼有(you)(you)(you)序，朋(peng)友有(you)(you)(you)信。放勛曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘勞(lao)(lao)(lao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)來之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，匡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)直之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，輔(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)翼(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)得(de)(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，又從(cong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)振(zhen)德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。’圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)憂(you)民(min)(min)如此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)暇耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)乎？契(qi)(qi)，音(yin)(yin)薛。別，彼列反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。長(chang)(chang)、放，皆(jie)(jie)上(shang)(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)、來，皆(jie)(jie)去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。言(yan)(yan)水(shui)土(tu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)得(de)(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)稼穡；衣(yi)食(shi)足，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)得(de)(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)施教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)化(hua)(hua)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)稷(ji)，官名(ming)，棄為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。然(ran)(ran)言(yan)(yan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)民(min)(min)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)非并(bing)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。樹，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。藝(yi)(yi)，殖也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。契(qi)(qi)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)臣(chen)(chen)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。司(si)徒，官名(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)道(dao)(dao)(dao)，言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)皆(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)秉彝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)(ran)無(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)放逸怠惰而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)設官而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)倫，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)因其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)固有(you)(you)(you)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)道(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳。書(shu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)敘(xu)有(you)(you)(you)典，敕(chi)我五典五惇哉(zai)。”此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。放勛，本史(shi)(shi)臣(chen)(chen)贊堯(yao)(yao)(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辭，孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)因以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)堯(yao)(yao)(yao)號也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。德，猶(you)惠(hui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。堯(yao)(yao)(yao)言(yan)(yan)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，來者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)來之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，邪(xie)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)正之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，枉者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)直之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，輔(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)立之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，翼(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)得(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性矣(yi)(yi)(yi)，又從(cong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)提撕警覺以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)加惠(hui)焉(yan)(yan)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)使(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)放逸怠惰而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)或(huo)失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。蓋(gai)命契(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辭也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。堯(yao)(yao)(yao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)己(ji)憂(you)，舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)禹(yu)、皋陶(tao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)己(ji)憂(you)。夫(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百(bai)畝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)己(ji)憂(you)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，農(nong)夫(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)(fu)，音(yin)(yin)扶。易(yi)(yi)(yi)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。易(yi)(yi)(yi)，治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。堯(yao)(yao)(yao)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)憂(you)民(min)(min)，非事(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)憂(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，急先務而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)憂(you)民(min)(min)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)如此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)惟不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)暇耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)必耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。分人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)財(cai)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惠(hui)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)善(shan)(shan)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)忠(zhong)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)得(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仁。是(shi)(shi)故(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)與(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)易(yi)(yi)(yi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)得(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)難(nan)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、易(yi)(yi)(yi)，并(bing)去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。分人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)財(cai)，小(xiao)(xiao)惠(hui)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)善(shan)(shan)，雖(sui)有(you)(you)(you)愛民(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實，然(ran)(ran)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)及亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)限而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)難(nan)久(jiu)。惟若(ruo)堯(yao)(yao)(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得(de)(de)(de)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)，舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得(de)(de)(de)禹(yu)皋陶(tao)，及所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)得(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)恩惠(hui)廣大(da)(da)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)化(hua)(hua)無(wu)(wu)窮矣(yi)(yi)(yi)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)仁也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘大(da)(da)哉(zai)堯(yao)(yao)(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)(jun)！惟天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)，惟堯(yao)(yao)(yao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，蕩(dang)蕩(dang)乎民(min)(min)無(wu)(wu)能(neng)名(ming)焉(yan)(yan)！君(jun)(jun)(jun)哉(zai)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)！巍(wei)(wei)(wei)巍(wei)(wei)(wei)乎有(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)與(yu)焉(yan)(yan)！’堯(yao)(yao)(yao)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，豈無(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)用(yong)(yong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心哉(zai)？亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)耳。與(yu)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)，法也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蕩(dang)蕩(dang)，廣大(da)(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。君(jun)(jun)(jun)哉(zai)，言(yan)(yan)盡(jin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)道(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。巍(wei)(wei)(wei)巍(wei)(wei)(wei)，高大(da)(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)與(yu)，猶(you)言(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)，言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)樂(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。吾(wu)(wu)聞(wen)用(yong)(yong)夏(xia)變(bian)夷(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，未聞(wen)變(bian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)夷(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。陳(chen)(chen)(chen)良，楚(chu)產(chan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。悅周(zhou)公、仲尼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)，北(bei)學(xue)(xue)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)。北(bei)方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，未能(neng)或(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。彼所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)豪(hao)杰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兄弟事(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)十年(nian)，師(shi)死而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)遂倍(bei)(bei)(bei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)責陳(chen)(chen)(chen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)倍(bei)(bei)(bei)師(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)學(xue)(xue)許(xu)(xu)(xu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夏(xia)，諸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)夏(xia)禮(li)義(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。變(bian)夷(yi)，變(bian)化(hua)(hua)蠻(man)夷(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。變(bian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)夷(yi)，反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)見變(bian)化(hua)(hua)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)蠻(man)夷(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。產(chan)，生也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。陳(chen)(chen)(chen)良生于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)楚(chu)，在中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南(nan)(nan)，故(gu)北(bei)游而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)學(xue)(xue)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先，過也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。豪(hao)杰，才德出眾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱，言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)能(neng)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)拔于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)流俗也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。倍(bei)(bei)(bei)，與(yu)背同。言(yan)(yan)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)良用(yong)(yong)夏(xia)變(bian)夷(yi)，陳(chen)(chen)(chen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)夷(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)沒，三(san)(san)年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外，門人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)任(ren)將歸，入(ru)(ru)揖于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貢(gong)，相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)向(xiang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)哭，皆(jie)(jie)失聲(sheng)(sheng)，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)歸。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貢(gong)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，筑室(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)場，獨居(ju)三(san)(san)年(nian)，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)歸。他(ta)日，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夏(xia)、子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)張、子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)游以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)若(ruo)似圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，欲(yu)(yu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)事(shi)(shi)(shi)孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，強曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可。江(jiang)漢(han)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)濯(zhuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，秋(qiu)陽以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)暴(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，皜皜乎不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可尚已。’任(ren)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)。強，上(shang)(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)。暴(bao)，蒲木(mu)(mu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。皜，音(yin)(yin)杲。三(san)(san)年(nian)，古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)師(shi)心喪三(san)(san)年(nian)，若(ruo)喪父而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)服也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。任(ren)，擔也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。場，冢上(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)壇場也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。有(you)(you)(you)若(ruo)似圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，蓋(gai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)言(yan)(yan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)氣象有(you)(you)(you)似之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，如檀(tan)弓所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)記子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)游謂(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)若(ruo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)似夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)事(shi)(shi)(shi)孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禮(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。江(jiang)漢(han)水(shui)多(duo)，言(yan)(yan)濯(zhuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)潔(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。秋(qiu)日燥烈，言(yan)(yan)暴(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)干也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。皜皜，潔(jie)白貌。尚，加也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)夫(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)德明(ming)著，光輝潔(jie)白，非有(you)(you)(you)若(ruo)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)能(neng)彷佛也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或(huo)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三(san)(san)語(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)贊美(mei)曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辭也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”今也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)南(nan)(nan)蠻(man)鴃(jue)舌(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，非先王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)倍(bei)(bei)(bei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)師(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)學(xue)(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)異于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)曾(ceng)(ceng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。鴃(jue)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)作鵙，古役(yi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。鴃(jue)，博勞(lao)(lao)(lao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，惡(e)(e)聲(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鳥。南(nan)(nan)蠻(man)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聲(sheng)(sheng)似之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，指許(xu)(xu)(xu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。吾(wu)(wu)聞(wen)出于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)幽(you)谷(gu)(gu)遷(qian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)喬木(mu)(mu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，末聞(wen)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)喬木(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)入(ru)(ru)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)幽(you)谷(gu)(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。小(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)伐木(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)詩云：“伐木(mu)(mu)丁(ding)丁(ding)，鳥鳴嚶嚶，出自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)幽(you)谷(gu)(gu)，遷(qian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)喬木(mu)(mu)。”魯(lu)(lu)頌(song)(song)(song)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘戎狄是(shi)(shi)膺(ying)(ying)，荊舒是(shi)(shi)懲(cheng)(cheng)。’周(zhou)公方(fang)且(qie)(qie)(qie)膺(ying)(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)善(shan)(shan)變(bian)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。”魯(lu)(lu)頌(song)(song)(song)閟宮(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。膺(ying)(ying)，擊(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。荊，楚(chu)本號也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舒，國(guo)名(ming)，近(jin)楚(chu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。懲(cheng)(cheng)，艾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。按今此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)詩為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)僖公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)頌(song)(song)(song)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)公言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)斷章取(qu)義(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“從(cong)許(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)市(shi)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)貳，國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)無(wu)(wu)偽。雖(sui)使(shi)(shi)五尺(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)童適市(shi)，莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)欺。布(bu)(bu)帛長(chang)(chang)短同，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)若(ruo)；麻縷絲絮輕重同，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)若(ruo)；五谷(gu)(gu)多(duo)寡同，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)若(ruo)；屨(ju)大(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)同，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)若(ruo)。”賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)音(yin)(yin)價，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)同。陳(chen)(chen)(chen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)又言(yan)(yan)許(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)如此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。蓋(gai)神(shen)農(nong)始為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)市(shi)井(jing)，故(gu)許(xu)(xu)(xu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)又托于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)神(shen)農(nong)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)是(shi)(shi)說也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。五尺(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)童，言(yan)(yan)幼小(xiao)(xiao)無(wu)(wu)知也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。許(xu)(xu)(xu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)欲(yu)(yu)使(shi)(shi)市(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)粥(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，皆(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)論(lun)精粗美(mei)惡(e)(e)，但(dan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)長(chang)(chang)短輕重多(duo)寡大(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)價也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“夫(fu)(fu)物(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)齊(qi)，物(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；或(huo)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)倍(bei)(bei)(bei)蓰，或(huo)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)什(shen)伯，或(huo)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)千(qian)萬(wan)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)比而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)同之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)亂天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。巨屨(ju)小(xiao)(xiao)屨(ju)同賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)豈為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)哉(zai)？從(cong)許(xu)(xu)(xu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)，相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)率而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)偽者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，惡(e)(e)能(neng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)家？”夫(fu)(fu)，音(yin)(yin)扶。蓰，音(yin)(yin)師(shi)，又山綺反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。比，必二(er)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。惡(e)(e)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)。倍(bei)(bei)(bei)，一倍(bei)(bei)(bei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蓰，五倍(bei)(bei)(bei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。什(shen)伯千(qian)萬(wan)，皆(jie)(jie)倍(bei)(bei)(bei)數(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。比，次也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)物(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)齊(qi)，乃(nai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)精粗，猶(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)大(da)(da)屨(ju)小(xiao)(xiao)屨(ju)同價，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)豈肯為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)哉(zai)？今不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)論(lun)精粗，使(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同價，是(shi)(shi)使(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)肯為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)精者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)競為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)濫(lan)惡(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)欺耳。

墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)者(zhe)夷(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，因(yin)(yin)徐辟(pi)(pi)(pi)而(er)(er)求見(jian)(jian)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“吾(wu)固愿(yuan)見(jian)(jian)，今(jin)吾(wu)尚病，病愈，我(wo)且往見(jian)(jian)，夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)來！”辟(pi)(pi)(pi)，音(yin)(yin)壁，又(you)(you)音(yin)(yin)辟(pi)(pi)(pi)。墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)者(zhe)，治(zhi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)翟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)者(zhe)。夷(yi)(yi)，姓；之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，名。徐辟(pi)(pi)(pi)，孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)稱疾，疑亦托(tuo)辭以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)觀(guan)其(qi)(qi)意(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誠否。他日(ri)(ri)又(you)(you)求見(jian)(jian)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“吾(wu)今(jin)則(ze)(ze)(ze)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)直，則(ze)(ze)(ze)道(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)見(jian)(jian)；我(wo)且直之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。吾(wu)聞夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)者(zhe)。墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)喪也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)薄(bo)為(wei)其(qi)(qi)道(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)思(si)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)易(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)，豈以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)非(fei)(fei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)貴也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？然(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)葬(zang)其(qi)(qi)親(qin)(qin)厚，則(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)賤事親(qin)(qin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)見(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)見(jian)(jian)，音(yin)(yin)現。又(you)(you)求見(jian)(jian)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)意(yi)(yi)已(yi)誠矣(yi)(yi)(yi)，故(gu)因(yin)(yin)徐辟(pi)(pi)(pi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)質之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)。直，盡言(yan)(yan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)相正也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。莊子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)生不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)歌，死無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)服，桐棺三(san)寸(cun)而(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)槨(guo)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)喪，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)薄(bo)為(wei)道(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。易(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)，謂(wei)移(yi)易(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風俗也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)學于(yu)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)氏而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)從其(qi)(qi)教(jiao)，其(qi)(qi)心(xin)必(bi)(bi)(bi)有(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)安者(zhe)，故(gu)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)因(yin)(yin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)詰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。徐子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“儒者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)，古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)‘若(ruo)保赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)’，此(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)何謂(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)愛(ai)(ai)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)差等，施(shi)(shi)由(you)親(qin)(qin)始。”徐子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“夫(fu)夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，信以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)親(qin)(qin)其(qi)(qi)兄(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)若(ruo)親(qin)(qin)其(qi)(qi)鄰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)乎？彼(bi)有(you)取爾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)匍匐將入井，非(fei)(fei)赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。且天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生物也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，使(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)本(ben)(ben)，而(er)(er)夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)二本(ben)(ben)故(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)，音(yin)(yin)扶，下(xia)同(tong)。匍，音(yin)(yin)蒲(pu)。匐，蒲(pu)北反(fan)。“若(ruo)保赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”，周書(shu)康誥篇文，此(ci)(ci)(ci)儒者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，蓋(gai)(gai)欲援儒而(er)(er)入于(yu)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)拒孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)(fei)己。又(you)(you)曰(yue)：“愛(ai)(ai)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)差等，施(shi)(shi)由(you)親(qin)(qin)始”，則(ze)(ze)(ze)推(tui)(tui)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)而(er)(er)附于(yu)儒，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)釋己所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厚葬(zang)其(qi)(qi)親(qin)(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)(yi)，皆所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)遁辭也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愛(ai)(ai)其(qi)(qi)兄(xiong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與鄰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，本(ben)(ben)有(you)差等。書(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)取譬(pi)，本(ben)(ben)為(wei)小民無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)知而(er)(er)犯法，如(ru)(ru)赤子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)知而(er)(er)入井耳。且人(ren)(ren)(ren)物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生，必(bi)(bi)(bi)各本(ben)(ben)于(yu)父母(mu)而(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)二，乃自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理，若(ruo)天(tian)(tian)使(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)然(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)其(qi)(qi)愛(ai)(ai)由(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)立，而(er)(er)推(tui)(tui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及人(ren)(ren)(ren)，自(zi)(zi)有(you)差等。今(jin)如(ru)(ru)夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)視(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)父母(mu)本(ben)(ben)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)異于(yu)路人(ren)(ren)(ren)，但其(qi)(qi)施(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序，姑(gu)(gu)自(zi)(zi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)始耳。非(fei)(fei)二本(ben)(ben)而(er)(er)何哉？然(ran)(ran)其(qi)(qi)于(yu)先后之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間，猶(you)知所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)擇，則(ze)(ze)(ze)又(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)本(ben)(ben)心(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明有(you)終不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得而(er)(er)息者(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)卒(zu)能受命而(er)(er)自(zi)(zi)覺其(qi)(qi)非(fei)(fei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蓋(gai)(gai)上世嘗有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)葬(zang)其(qi)(qi)親(qin)(qin)者(zhe)。其(qi)(qi)親(qin)(qin)死，則(ze)(ze)(ze)舉(ju)而(er)(er)委之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)壑(he)。他日(ri)(ri)過(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，狐貍(li)食(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，蠅蚋(rui)(rui)姑(gu)(gu)嘬(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)顙(sang)有(you)泚(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，睨(ni)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)視(shi)(shi)。夫(fu)泚(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非(fei)(fei)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)泚(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，中(zhong)心(xin)達于(yu)面目(mu)。蓋(gai)(gai)歸反(fan)虆梩(li)而(er)(er)掩(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。掩(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誠是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)孝(xiao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)仁人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)掩(yan)其(qi)(qi)親(qin)(qin)，亦必(bi)(bi)(bi)有(you)道(dao)(dao)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。”蚋(rui)(rui)，音(yin)(yin)汭。嘬(zuo)，楚怪(guai)反(fan)，泚(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，七禮(li)反(fan)。睨(ni)，音(yin)(yin)詣(yi)。為(wei)，去聲(sheng)。虆，力追反(fan)。梩(li)，力知反(fan)。因(yin)(yin)夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)厚葬(zang)其(qi)(qi)親(qin)(qin)而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)此(ci)(ci)(ci)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)深明一(yi)本(ben)(ben)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)(yi)。上世，謂(wei)太(tai)古也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。委，棄也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。壑(he)，山水(shui)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)趨也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蚋(rui)(rui)，蚊屬。姑(gu)(gu)，語(yu)助聲(sheng)，或(huo)曰(yue)螻蛄也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。嘬(zuo)，攢共食(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。顙(sang)，額也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。泚(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，泚(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)然(ran)(ran)汗出(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌(mao)。睨(ni)，邪(xie)視(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。視(shi)(shi)，正視(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)視(shi)(shi)，而(er)(er)又(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍正視(shi)(shi)，哀痛(tong)迫(po)切，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能為(wei)心(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。非(fei)(fei)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)泚(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，言(yan)(yan)非(fei)(fei)為(wei)他人(ren)(ren)(ren)見(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)然(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)一(yi)本(ben)(ben)者(zhe)，于(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)見(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，尤(you)為(wei)親(qin)(qin)切。蓋(gai)(gai)惟(wei)至(zhi)(zhi)親(qin)(qin)故(gu)如(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)，在他人(ren)(ren)(ren)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)雖有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，而(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)哀痛(tong)迫(po)切，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)至(zhi)(zhi)若(ruo)此(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。反(fan)，覆也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。虆，土籠也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。梩(li)，土轝也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。于(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)歸而(er)(er)掩(yan)覆其(qi)(qi)親(qin)(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尸，此(ci)(ci)(ci)葬(zang)埋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禮(li)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)由(you)起也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)掩(yan)其(qi)(qi)親(qin)(qin)者(zhe)，若(ruo)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)當然(ran)(ran)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)孝(xiao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)仁人(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)掩(yan)其(qi)(qi)親(qin)(qin)者(zhe)，必(bi)(bi)(bi)有(you)其(qi)(qi)道(dao)(dao)，而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)薄(bo)為(wei)貴矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。徐子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。夷(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)憮(wu)然(ran)(ran)為(wei)閑(xian)曰(yue)：“命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。”憮(wu)，音(yin)(yin)武。閑(xian)，如(ru)(ru)字。憮(wu)然(ran)(ran)，茫然(ran)(ran)自(zi)(zi)失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌(mao)。為(wei)閑(xian)者(zhe)，有(you)頃之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)閑(xian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。命，猶(you)教(jiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)已(yi)教(jiao)我(wo)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。蓋(gai)(gai)因(yin)(yin)其(qi)(qi)本(ben)(ben)心(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)攻(gong)其(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)學之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蔽，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)吾(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)易(yi)(yi)入，而(er)(er)彼(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惑易(yi)(yi)解也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

孟(meng)子(zi)卷六　滕文公章(zhang)句下

凡十章。
陳代曰：“不見諸侯，宜若小然；今一見之，大則以王，小則以霸。且志曰：‘枉尺而直尋’，宜若可為也。”王，去聲。陳代，孟子弟子也。小，謂小節也。枉，屈也。直，伸也。八尺曰尋。枉尺直尋，猶屈己一見諸侯，而可以致王霸，所屈者小，所伸者大也。孟子曰：“昔齊景公田，招虞人以旌，不至，將殺之。志士不忘在溝壑，勇士不忘喪其元。孔子奚取焉？取非其招不往也，如不待其招而往，何哉？喪，去聲。田，獵也。虞人，守苑囿之吏也。招大夫以旌，招虞人以皮冠。元，首也。志士固窮，常念死無棺槨，棄溝壑而不恨；勇士輕生，常念戰斗而死，喪其首而不顧也。此二句，乃孔子嘆美虞人之言。夫虞人招之不以其物，尚守死而不往，況君子豈可不待其招而自往見之邪？此以上告之以不可往見之意。且夫枉尺而直尋者，以利言也。如以利，則枉尋直尺而利，亦可為與？夫，音扶。與，平聲。此以下，正其所稱枉尺直尋之非。夫所謂枉小而所伸者大則為之者，計其利耳。一有計利之心，則雖枉多伸少而有利，亦將為之邪？甚言其不可也。昔者趙簡子使王良與嬖奚乘，終日而不獲一禽。嬖奚反命曰：‘天下之賤工也。’或以告王良。良曰：‘請復之。’強而后可，一朝而獲十禽。嬖奚反命曰：‘天下之良工也。’簡子曰：‘我使掌與女乘。’謂王良。良不可，曰：‘吾為之范我馳驅，終日不獲一；為之詭遇，一朝而獲十。詩云：“不失其馳，舍矢如破。”我不貫與小人乘，請辭。’乘，去聲。強，上聲。女，音汝。為，去聲。舍，上聲。趙簡子，晉大夫趙鞅也。王良，善御者也。嬖奚，簡子幸臣。與之乘，為之御也。復之，再乘也。強而后可，嬖奚不肯，強之而后肯也。一朝，自晨至食時也。掌，專主也。范，法度也。詭遇，不正而與禽遇也。言奚不善射，以法馳驅則不獲，廢法詭遇而后中也。詩小雅車攻之篇。言御者不失其馳驅之法，而射者發矢皆中而力，今嬖奚不能也。貫，習也。御者且羞與射者比。比而得禽獸，雖若丘陵，弗為也。如枉道而從彼，何也？且子過矣，枉己者，未有能直人者也。”比，必二反。比，阿黨也。若丘陵，言多也。或曰：“居今之世，出處去就不必一一中節，欲其一一中節，則道不得行矣。”楊氏曰：“何其不自重也，枉己其能直人乎？古之人寧道之不行，而不輕其去就；是以孔孟雖在春秋戰國之時，而進必以正，以至終不得行而死也。使不恤其去就而可以行道，孔孟當先為之矣。孔孟豈不欲道之行哉？”
景春曰：“公孫衍、張儀豈不誠大丈夫哉？一怒而諸侯懼，安居而天下熄。”景春，人姓名。公孫衍、張儀，皆魏人。怒則說諸侯使相攻伐，故諸侯懼也。孟子曰：“是焉得為大丈夫乎？子未學禮乎？丈夫之冠也，父命之；女子之嫁也，母命之，往送之門，戒之曰：‘往之女家，必敬必戒，無違夫子！’以順為正者，妾婦之道也。焉，于虔反。冠，去聲。女家之女，音汝。加冠于首曰冠。女家，夫家也。婦人內夫家，以嫁為歸也。夫子，夫也。女子從人，以順為正道也。蓋言二子阿諛茍容，竊取權勢，乃妾婦順從之道耳，非丈夫之事也。居天下之廣居，立天下之正位，行天下之大道。得志與民由之，不得志獨行其道。富貴不能淫，貧賤不能移，威武不能屈。此之謂大丈夫。”廣居，仁也。正位，禮也。大道，義也。與民由之，推其所得于人也；獨行其道，守其所得于己也。淫，蕩其心也。移，變其節也。屈，挫其志也。何叔京曰：“戰國之時，圣賢道否，天下不復見其德業之盛；但見奸巧之徒，得志橫行，氣焰可畏，遂以為大丈夫。不知由君子觀之，是乃妾婦之道耳，何足道哉？”
周霄問曰：“古之君子仕乎？”孟子曰：“仕。傳曰：‘孔子三月無君，則皇皇如也，出疆必載質。’公明儀曰：‘古之人三月無君則吊。’”傳，直戀反。質與贄同，下同。周霄，魏人。無君，謂不得仕而事君也。皇皇，如有求而弗得之意。出疆，謂失位而去國也。質，所執以見人者，如士則執雉也。出疆載之者，將以見所適國之君而事之也。“三月無君則吊，不以急乎？”周霄問也。以、已通，太也。后章放此。曰：“士之失位也，猶諸侯之失國家也。禮曰：‘諸侯耕助，以供粢盛；夫人蠶繅，以為衣服。犧牲不成，粢盛不潔，衣服不備，不敢以祭。惟士無田，則亦不祭。’牲殺器皿衣服不備，不敢以祭，則不敢以宴，亦不足吊乎？”盛，音成。繅，素刀反。皿，武永反。禮曰：“諸侯為借百畝，冕而青纮，躬秉耒以耕，而庶人助以終畝。收而藏之御廩，以供宗廟之粢盛。使世婦蠶于公桑蠶室，奉繭以示于君，遂獻于夫人。夫人副祎受之，繅三盆手，遂布于三宮世婦，使繅以為黼黻文章，而服以祀先王先公。”又曰：“士有田則祭，無田則薦。”黍稷曰粢，在器曰盛。牲殺，牲必特殺也。皿，所以覆器者。“出疆必載質，何也？”周霄問也。曰：“士之仕也，猶農夫之耕也，農夫豈為出疆舍其耒耜哉？”為，去聲。舍，上聲。曰：“晉國亦仕國也，未嘗聞仕如此其急。仕如此其急也，君子之難仕，何也？”曰：“丈失生而愿為之有室，女子生而愿為之有家。父母之心，人皆有之。不待父母之命、媒妁之言，鉆穴隙相窺，踰墻相從，則父母國人皆賤之。古之人未嘗不欲仕也，又惡不由其道。不由其道而往者，與鉆穴隙之類也。”為，去聲。妁，音酌。隙，去逆反。惡，去聲。晉國，解見首篇。仕國，謂君子游宦之國。霄意以孟子不見諸侯為難仕，故先問古之君子仕否，然后言此以風切之也。男以女為室，女以男為家。妁，亦媒也。言為父母者，非不愿其男女之有室家，而亦惡其不由道。蓋君子雖不潔身以亂倫，而亦不殉利而忘義也。
彭更問曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“后(hou)車數十乘(cheng)，從者數百人(ren)，以(yi)(yi)傳食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)于(yu)(yu)諸侯，不(bu)以(yi)(yi)泰(tai)乎？”孟子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“非其(qi)(qi)道，則(ze)一(yi)簞(dan)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)可(ke)受(shou)于(yu)(yu)人(ren)；如(ru)其(qi)(qi)道，則(ze)舜(shun)受(shou)堯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天下，不(bu)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)泰(tai)，子(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)泰(tai)乎？”更，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)。乘(cheng)、從，皆(jie)去(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)。傳，直戀反(fan)。簞(dan)，音(yin)(yin)丹(dan)。食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，音(yin)(yin)嗣(si)。彭更，孟子(zi)(zi)弟子(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)。泰(tai)，侈也(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否(fou)(fou)。士(shi)(shi)無(wu)事(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)可(ke)也(ye)(ye)。”言(yan)不(bu)以(yi)(yi)舜(shun)為(wei)(wei)泰(tai)，但謂(wei)(wei)今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)(shi)無(wu)功(gong)(gong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，則(ze)不(bu)可(ke)也(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“子(zi)(zi)不(bu)通(tong)功(gong)(gong)易(yi)事(shi)，以(yi)(yi)羨補不(bu)足，則(ze)農有(you)余粟，女有(you)余布；子(zi)(zi)如(ru)通(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)梓(zi)(zi)匠輪(lun)輿(yu)(yu)皆(jie)得(de)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)于(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)。于(yu)(yu)此有(you)人(ren)焉，入則(ze)孝(xiao)，出則(ze)悌，守先王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，以(yi)(yi)待后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學者，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)得(de)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)于(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)。子(zi)(zi)何(he)尊(zun)梓(zi)(zi)匠輪(lun)輿(yu)(yu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)輕為(wei)(wei)仁(ren)義者哉？”羨，延面反(fan)。通(tong)功(gong)(gong)易(yi)事(shi)，謂(wei)(wei)通(tong)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)交易(yi)其(qi)(qi)事(shi)。羨，余也(ye)(ye)。有(you)余，言(yan)無(wu)所貿易(yi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)積于(yu)(yu)無(wu)用也(ye)(ye)。梓(zi)(zi)人(ren)匠人(ren)，木工(gong)也(ye)(ye)。輪(lun)人(ren)輿(yu)(yu)人(ren)，車工(gong)也(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“梓(zi)(zi)匠輪(lun)輿(yu)(yu)，其(qi)(qi)志(zhi)(zhi)將以(yi)(yi)求(qiu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)；君(jun)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)道也(ye)(ye)，其(qi)(qi)志(zhi)(zhi)亦將以(yi)(yi)求(qiu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“子(zi)(zi)何(he)以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)志(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)哉？其(qi)(qi)有(you)功(gong)(gong)于(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)，可(ke)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)。且(qie)子(zi)(zi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)乎？食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)乎？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)。”與，平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)。可(ke)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，皆(jie)音(yin)(yin)嗣(si)，下同。孟子(zi)(zi)言(yan)自我而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，固不(bu)求(qiu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；自彼而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，凡有(you)功(gong)(gong)者則(ze)當食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“有(you)人(ren)于(yu)(yu)此，毀(hui)瓦畫墁，其(qi)(qi)志(zhi)(zhi)將以(yi)(yi)求(qiu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)，則(ze)子(zi)(zi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否(fou)(fou)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“然則(ze)子(zi)(zi)非食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)，食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)也(ye)(ye)。”墁，武安反(fan)。子(zi)(zi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，亦音(yin)(yin)嗣(si)。墁，墻(qiang)壁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)飾也(ye)(ye)。毀(hui)瓦畫墁，言(yan)無(wu)功(gong)(gong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)害也(ye)(ye)。既(ji)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)，則(ze)以(yi)(yi)士(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)無(wu)事(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者，真尊(zun)梓(zi)(zi)匠輪(lun)輿(yu)(yu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)輕為(wei)(wei)仁(ren)義者矣(yi)。

萬章問曰：“宋，小國也。今將行王政，齊楚惡而伐之，則如之何？”惡，去聲。萬章，孟子弟子。宋王偃嘗滅滕伐薛，敗齊、楚、魏之兵，欲霸天下，疑即此時也。孟子曰：“湯居亳，與葛為鄰，葛伯放而不祀。湯使人問之曰：‘何為不祀？’曰：‘無以供犧牲也。’湯使遺之牛羊。葛伯食之，又不以祀。湯又使人問之曰：‘何為不祀？’曰：‘無以供粢盛也。’湯使亳眾往為之耕，老弱饋食。葛伯率其民，要其有酒食黍稻者奪之，不授者殺之。有童子以黍肉餉，殺而奪之。書曰：‘葛伯仇餉。’此之謂也。遺，唯季反。盛，音成。往為之為，去聲。饋食、酒食之食，音嗣。要，平聲。餉，式亮反。葛，國名。伯，爵也。放而不祀，放縱無道，不祀先祖也。亳眾，湯之民。其民，葛民也。授，與也。餉，亦饋也。書商書仲虺之誥也。仇餉，言與餉者為仇也。為其殺是童子而征之，四海之內皆曰：‘非富天下也，為匹夫匹婦復讎也。’為，去聲。非富天下，言湯之心，非以天下為富而欲得之也。‘湯始征，自葛載’，十一征而無敵于天下。東面而征，西夷怨；南面而征，北狄怨，曰：‘奚為后我？’民之望之，若大旱之望雨也。歸市者弗止，蕓者不變，誅其君，吊其民，如時雨降。民大悅。書曰：‘徯我后，后來其無罰。’載，亦始也。十一征，所征十一國也。余己見前篇。‘有攸不惟臣，東征，綏厥士女，匪厥玄黃，紹我周王見休，惟臣附于大邑周。’其君子實玄黃于匪以迎其君子，其小人簞食壺漿以迎其小人，救民于水火之中，取其殘而已矣。食，音嗣。按周書武成篇載武王之言，孟子約其文如此。然其辭時與今書文不類，今姑依此文解之。有所不惟臣，謂助紂為惡，而不為周臣者。匪，與篚同。玄黃，幣也。紹，繼也，猶言事也。言其士女以篚盛玄黃之幣，迎武王而事之也。商人而曰我周王，猶商書所謂我后也。休，美也。言武王能順天休命，而事之者皆見休也。臣附，歸服也。孟子又釋其意，言商人聞周師之來，各以其類相迎者，以武王能捄民于水火之中，取其殘民者誅之，而不為暴虐耳。君子，謂在位之人。小人，謂細民也。太誓曰：‘我武惟揚，侵于之疆，則取于殘，殺伐用張，于湯有光。’太誓，周書也。今書文亦小異。言武王威武奮揚，侵彼紂之疆界，取其殘賊，而殺伐之功因以張大，比于湯之伐桀又有光焉，引此以證上文取其殘之義。不行王政云爾，茍行王政，四海之內皆舉首而望之，欲以為君。齊楚雖大，何畏焉？”宋實不能行王政，后果為齊所滅，王偃走死。尹氏曰：“為國者能自治而得民心，則天下皆將歸往之，恨其征伐之不早也。尚何強國之足畏哉？茍不自治，而以強弱之勢言之，是可畏而已矣。”
孟子謂戴不勝曰：“子欲子之王之善與？我明告子。有楚大夫于此，欲其子之齊語也，則使齊人傅諸？使楚人傅諸？”曰：“使齊人傅之。”曰：“一齊人傅之，眾楚人咻之，雖日撻而求其齊也，不可得矣；引而置之莊岳之間數年，雖日撻而求其楚，亦不可得矣。與，平聲。咻，音休。戴不勝，宋臣也。齊語，齊人語也。傅，教也。咻，讙也。齊，齊語也。莊岳，齊街里名也。楚，楚語也。此先設譬以曉之也。子謂薛居州，善士也。使之居于王所。在于王所者，長幼卑尊，皆薛居州也，王誰與為不善？在王所者，長幼卑尊，皆非薛居州也，王誰與為善？一薛居州，獨如宋王何？”長，上聲。居州，亦宋臣。言小人眾而君子獨，無以成正君之功。
公孫丑問曰：“不見諸侯何義？”孟子曰：“古者不為臣不見。不為臣，謂未仕于其國者也，此不見諸侯之義也。段干木踰垣而辟之，泄柳閉門而不內，是皆已甚。迫，斯可以見矣。辟，去聲。內，與納同。段干木，魏文侯時人。泄柳，魯繆公時人。文侯、繆公欲見此二人，而二人不肯見之，蓋未為臣也。已甚，過甚也。迫，謂求見之切也。陽貨欲見孔子而惡無禮，大夫有賜于士，不得受于其家，則往拜其門。陽貨矙孔子之亡也，而饋孔子蒸豚；孔子亦矙其亡也，而往拜之。當是時，陽貨先，豈得不見？欲見之見，音現。惡，去聲。矙，音勘。此又引孔子之事，以明可見之節也。欲見孔子，欲召孔子來見己也。惡無禮，畏人以己為無禮也。受于其家，對使人拜受于家也。其門，大夫之門也。矙，窺也。陽貨于魯為大夫，孔子為士，故以此物及其不在而饋之，欲其來拜而見之也。先，謂先來加禮也。曾子曰：‘脅肩諂笑，病于夏畦。’子路曰：‘未同而言，觀其色赧赧然，非由之所知也。’由是觀之，則君子之所養可知已矣。”脅，?業反。赧，奴簡反。脅肩，竦體。諂笑，強笑。皆小人側媚之態也。病，勞也。夏畦，夏月治畦之人也。言為此者，其勞過于夏畦之人也。未同而言，與人未合而強與之言也。赧赧，慚而面赤之貌。由，子路名。言非己所知，甚惡之之辭也。孟子言由此二言觀之，則二子之所養可知，必不肯不俟其禮之至，而輒往見之也。此章言圣人禮義之中正，過之者傷于迫切而不洪，不及者淪于污賤而可恥。
戴盈之曰：“什一，去關市之征，今茲未能。請輕之，以待來年，然后已，何如？”去，上聲。盈之，亦宋大夫也。什一，井田之法也。關市之征，商賈之稅也。已，止也。孟子曰：“今有人日攘其鄰之雞者，或告之曰：‘是非君子之道。’曰：‘請損之，月攘一雞，以待來年，然后已。’攘，如羊反。攘，物自來而取之也。損，減也。如知其非義，斯速已矣，何待來年。”知義理之不可而不能速改。與月攘一雞何以異哉？
公(gong)(gong)(gong)都(dou)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“外(wai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)(jie)稱夫子(zi)(zi)(zi)好(hao)辯，敢問何也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“予(yu)(yu)豈好(hao)辯哉？予(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)已(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。好(hao)，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)，下(xia)(xia)同。天(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)久(jiu)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)，一(yi)治一(yi)亂(luan)(luan)(luan)。治，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)。生(sheng)，謂生(sheng)民(min)(min)(min)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。一(yi)治一(yi)亂(luan)(luan)(luan)，氣(qi)化盛(sheng)衰(shuai)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)事(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)(de)失，反(fan)(fan)復相(xiang)(xiang)尋，理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。當(dang)(dang)堯(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，水(shui)逆行(xing)，泛濫于中國(guo)。蛇龍居之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，民(min)(min)(min)無(wu)(wu)所定。下(xia)(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)巢，上(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)營窟。書(shu)(shu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘洚水(shui)警(jing)余。’洚水(shui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，洪(hong)水(shui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。洚，音(yin)降(jiang)，又(you)(you)胡(hu)(hu)貢、胡(hu)(hu)工二(er)(er)反(fan)(fan)。水(shui)逆行(xing)，下(xia)(xia)流壅(yong)塞(sai)(sai)，故(gu)(gu)水(shui)倒流而(er)(er)(er)(er)旁溢也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。下(xia)(xia)，下(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)。上(shang)，高地(di)(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。營窟，穴處(chu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。書(shu)(shu)虞書(shu)(shu)大(da)(da)禹(yu)謨也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。洚水(shui)，洚洞無(wu)(wu)涯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。警(jing)，戒也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)一(yi)亂(luan)(luan)(luan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。使(shi)禹(yu)治之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，禹(yu)掘地(di)(di)而(er)(er)(er)(er)注之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)海，驅蛇龍而(er)(er)(er)(er)放(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)菹(zu)。水(shui)由地(di)(di)中行(xing)，江、淮、河(he)、漢是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。險阻(zu)既(ji)遠(yuan)，鳥獸(shou)(shou)(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)消，然(ran)后人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)平土而(er)(er)(er)(er)居之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。菹(zu)，側(ce)魚反(fan)(fan)。掘地(di)(di)，掘去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)壅(yong)塞(sai)(sai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。菹(zu)，澤(ze)生(sheng)草者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。地(di)(di)中，兩涯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。險阻(zu)，謂水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)泛濫也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。遠(yuan)，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。消，除也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)一(yi)治也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。堯(yao)舜(shun)既(ji)沒，圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)衰(shuai)。暴君(jun)(jun)(jun)代作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，壞(huai)宮(gong)室(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)污(wu)池，民(min)(min)(min)無(wu)(wu)所安息(xi)；棄田(tian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)園囿(you)，使(shi)民(min)(min)(min)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)衣食(shi)。邪(xie)說(shuo)(shuo)暴行(xing)又(you)(you)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，園囿(you)、污(wu)池、沛澤(ze)多而(er)(er)(er)(er)禽(qin)獸(shou)(shou)(shou)至。及(ji)紂(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)身(shen)，天(tian)下(xia)(xia)又(you)(you)大(da)(da)亂(luan)(luan)(luan)。壞(huai)，音(yin)怪。行(xing)，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)，下(xia)(xia)同。沛，蒲(pu)內反(fan)(fan)。暴君(jun)(jun)(jun)，謂夏太康、孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甲、履癸、商武(wu)乙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。宮(gong)室(shi)，民(min)(min)(min)居也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。沛，草木(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所生(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。澤(ze)，水(shui)所鐘(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。自(zi)堯(yao)舜(shun)沒至此(ci)(ci)(ci)，治亂(luan)(luan)(luan)非(fei)一(yi)，及(ji)紂(zhou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)又(you)(you)一(yi)大(da)(da)亂(luan)(luan)(luan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。周公(gong)(gong)(gong)相(xiang)(xiang)武(wu)王，誅紂(zhou)伐(fa)奄(yan)，三(san)年討(tao)(tao)其(qi)(qi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)，驅飛廉于海隅而(er)(er)(er)(er)戮(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。滅(mie)(mie)(mie)國(guo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)五十，驅虎(hu)、豹(bao)、犀、象而(er)(er)(er)(er)遠(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。天(tian)下(xia)(xia)大(da)(da)悅。書(shu)(shu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘丕顯哉，文王謨！丕承(cheng)(cheng)哉，武(wu)王烈！佑(you)啟我(wo)(wo)(wo)后人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，咸以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)正無(wu)(wu)缺。’相(xiang)(xiang)，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)。奄(yan)，平聲(sheng)。奄(yan)，東(dong)方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)，助(zhu)紂(zhou)為(wei)(wei)虐(nve)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。飛廉，紂(zhou)幸(xing)臣也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。五十國(guo)，皆(jie)(jie)紂(zhou)黨(dang)虐(nve)民(min)(min)(min)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。書(shu)(shu)周書(shu)(shu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)牙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇。丕，大(da)(da)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。顯，明(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。謨，謀也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。承(cheng)(cheng)，繼也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。烈，光也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。佑(you)，助(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。啟，開(kai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。缺，壞(huai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)一(yi)治也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。世衰(shuai)道(dao)微(wei)，邪(xie)說(shuo)(shuo)暴行(xing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，臣弒其(qi)(qi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)弒其(qi)(qi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)，讀(du)為(wei)(wei)又(you)(you)，古字(zi)通(tong)用。此(ci)(ci)(ci)周室(shi)東(dong)遷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，又(you)(you)一(yi)亂(luan)(luan)(luan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)懼，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)。春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)，天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)故(gu)(gu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)(qi)惟春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)乎(hu)！罪(zui)(zui)我(wo)(wo)(wo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)(qi)惟春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)乎(hu)！’胡(hu)(hu)氏(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“仲尼(ni)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)寓(yu)王法(fa)(fa)。惇典、庸禮、命(ming)德、討(tao)(tao)罪(zui)(zui)，其(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)要(yao)皆(jie)(jie)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，謂此(ci)(ci)(ci)書(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，遏人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)欲(yu)于橫(heng)流，存天(tian)理于既(ji)滅(mie)(mie)(mie)，為(wei)(wei)后世慮，至深遠(yuan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。罪(zui)(zui)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)謂無(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)位而(er)(er)(er)(er)托二(er)(er)百(bai)四(si)十二(er)(er)年南面(mian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)權，使(shi)亂(luan)(luan)(luan)臣賊(zei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)禁其(qi)(qi)欲(yu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)肆，則(ze)戚矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。”愚謂孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)討(tao)(tao)亂(luan)(luan)(luan)賊(zei)，則(ze)致(zhi)治之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)垂(chui)于萬(wan)世，是(shi)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)治也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圣王不(bu)(bu)(bu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，諸(zhu)侯(hou)放(fang)(fang)恣，處(chu)士(shi)橫(heng)議，楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)朱(zhu)、墨(mo)(mo)(mo)翟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)盈天(tian)下(xia)(xia)。天(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)歸楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，則(ze)歸墨(mo)(mo)(mo)。楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)氏(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)，是(shi)無(wu)(wu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；墨(mo)(mo)(mo)氏(shi)(shi)兼愛(ai)，是(shi)無(wu)(wu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。無(wu)(wu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)無(wu)(wu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)，是(shi)禽(qin)獸(shou)(shou)(shou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)明(ming)儀曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘庖(pao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)肥(fei)肉，廄有(you)(you)(you)(you)肥(fei)馬(ma)，民(min)(min)(min)有(you)(you)(you)(you)饑(ji)色，野有(you)(you)(you)(you)餓莩，此(ci)(ci)(ci)率(lv)獸(shou)(shou)(shou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)食(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)息(xi)，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)著，是(shi)邪(xie)說(shuo)(shuo)誣民(min)(min)(min)，充塞(sai)(sai)仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)充塞(sai)(sai)，則(ze)率(lv)獸(shou)(shou)(shou)食(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)將(jiang)相(xiang)(xiang)食(shi)。橫(heng)、為(wei)(wei)，皆(jie)(jie)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)。莩，皮表反(fan)(fan)。楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)朱(zhu)但知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愛(ai)身(shen)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)復知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)致(zhi)身(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)，故(gu)(gu)無(wu)(wu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)；墨(mo)(mo)(mo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)愛(ai)無(wu)(wu)差等，而(er)(er)(er)(er)視其(qi)(qi)至親無(wu)(wu)異眾人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，故(gu)(gu)無(wu)(wu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)。無(wu)(wu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)無(wu)(wu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)，則(ze)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)道(dao)滅(mie)(mie)(mie)絕，是(shi)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)禽(qin)獸(shou)(shou)(shou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)明(ming)儀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)，義(yi)見首篇。充塞(sai)(sai)仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)，謂邪(xie)說(shuo)(shuo)遍滿，妨于仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)引儀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明(ming)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)道(dao)行(xing)，則(ze)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)(jie)無(wu)(wu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)無(wu)(wu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)陷于禽(qin)獸(shou)(shou)(shou)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)大(da)(da)亂(luan)(luan)(luan)將(jiang)起，是(shi)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)率(lv)獸(shou)(shou)(shou)食(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)又(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)食(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)又(you)(you)一(yi)亂(luan)(luan)(luan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。吾為(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)懼，閑(xian)先圣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，距楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)，放(fang)(fang)淫辭(ci)，邪(xie)說(shuo)(shuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)于其(qi)(qi)心(xin)，害(hai)于其(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)；作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)于其(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)，害(hai)于其(qi)(qi)政。圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)復起，不(bu)(bu)(bu)易吾言(yan)(yan)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。為(wei)(wei)，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)。復，扶又(you)(you)反(fan)(fan)。閑(xian)，衛也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。放(fang)(fang)，驅而(er)(er)(er)(er)遠(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，起也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。事(shi)(shi)，所行(xing)。政，大(da)(da)體也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)雖不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)志于時，然(ran)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)，自(zi)是(shi)滅(mie)(mie)(mie)息(xi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)君(jun)(jun)(jun)臣父(fu)(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，賴以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)墜(zhui)。是(shi)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)治也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。程子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)，甚(shen)于申韓：佛氏(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)，甚(shen)于楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)。蓋楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)氏(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)疑(yi)于義(yi)，墨(mo)(mo)(mo)氏(shi)(shi)兼愛(ai)疑(yi)于仁(ren)(ren)，申韓則(ze)淺陋易見。故(gu)(gu)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)止(zhi)辟楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)，為(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)惑世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。佛氏(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)近理，又(you)(you)非(fei)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)比，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)害(hai)尤甚(shen)。”昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)禹(yu)抑洪(hong)水(shui)而(er)(er)(er)(er)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)平，周公(gong)(gong)(gong)兼夷狄驅猛獸(shou)(shou)(shou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)姓寧，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)成春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)亂(luan)(luan)(luan)臣賊(zei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)懼。抑，止(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。兼，幷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，總結上(shang)文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。詩云：‘戎狄是(shi)膺(ying)，荊舒(shu)是(shi)懲，則(ze)莫我(wo)(wo)(wo)敢承(cheng)(cheng)。’無(wu)(wu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)無(wu)(wu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)，是(shi)周公(gong)(gong)(gong)所膺(ying)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。說(shuo)(shuo)見上(shang)篇。承(cheng)(cheng)，當(dang)(dang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)欲(yu)正人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)心(xin)，息(xi)邪(xie)說(shuo)(shuo)，距诐(bi)行(xing)，放(fang)(fang)淫辭(ci)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)承(cheng)(cheng)三(san)圣者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)；豈好(hao)辯哉？予(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)已(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。行(xing)、好(hao)，皆(jie)(jie)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)。诐(bi)、淫，解見前篇。辭(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，說(shuo)(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)詳也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。承(cheng)(cheng)，繼也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。三(san)圣，禹(yu)、周公(gong)(gong)(gong)、孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蓋邪(xie)說(shuo)(shuo)橫(heng)流，壞(huai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)心(xin)術，甚(shen)于洪(hong)水(shui)猛獸(shou)(shou)(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)災，慘于夷狄篡弒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禍，故(gu)(gu)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)深懼而(er)(er)(er)(er)力救之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。再言(yan)(yan)豈好(hao)辯哉，予(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)已(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)深致(zhi)意(yi)(yi)焉。然(ran)非(fei)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，孰能(neng)真知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)已(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故(gu)(gu)哉？能(neng)言(yan)(yan)距楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒(tu)(tu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”言(yan)(yan)茍有(you)(you)(you)(you)能(neng)為(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)距楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)(shuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，則(ze)其(qi)(qi)所趨(qu)正矣(yi)(yi)(yi)，雖未(wei)必(bi)(bi)(bi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，是(shi)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒(tu)(tu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)既(ji)答公(gong)(gong)(gong)都(dou)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)問，而(er)(er)(er)(er)意(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)未(wei)盡，故(gu)(gu)復言(yan)(yan)此(ci)(ci)(ci)。蓋邪(xie)說(shuo)(shuo)害(hai)正，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)攻(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)必(bi)(bi)(bi)圣賢；如(ru)春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)，亂(luan)(luan)(luan)臣賊(zei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)討(tao)(tao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)必(bi)(bi)(bi)士(shi)師也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)救世立法(fa)(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)(yi)，其(qi)(qi)切(qie)如(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)。若以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)意(yi)(yi)推之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)攻(gong)討(tao)(tao)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)又(you)(you)唱為(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)必(bi)(bi)(bi)攻(gong)討(tao)(tao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)(shuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)邪(xie)诐(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒(tu)(tu)，亂(luan)(luan)(luan)賊(zei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)可知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。尹氏(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“學(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)于是(shi)非(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原(yuan)，亳厘(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)差，則(ze)害(hai)流于生(sheng)民(min)(min)(min)，禍及(ji)于后世，故(gu)(gu)孟(meng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)辨邪(xie)說(shuo)(shuo)如(ru)是(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嚴，而(er)(er)(er)(er)自(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)承(cheng)(cheng)三(san)圣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。當(dang)(dang)是(shi)時，方且(qie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)好(hao)辯目(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)常人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)度圣賢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”

匡章曰(yue)：“陳(chen)仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)豈(qi)不誠廉(lian)士哉(zai)？居(ju)于(yu)(yu)陵(ling)(ling)，三日(ri)不食(shi)(shi)(shi)，耳(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)聞(wen)，目(mu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)見(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。井上有(you)(you)(you)李，螬(cao)食(shi)(shi)(shi)實者過半矣，匍(pu)匐往(wang)將食(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，三咽，然后(hou)耳(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)聞(wen)，目(mu)有(you)(you)(you)見(jian)。”于(yu)(yu)，音烏(wu)。下(xia)于(yu)(yu)陵(ling)(ling)同。螬(cao)，音曹。咽，音宴。匡章、陳(chen)仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，皆(jie)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。廉(lian)，有(you)(you)(you)分辨，不茍取也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。于(yu)(yu)陵(ling)(ling)，地(di)名。螬(cao)，蠐(qi)螬(cao)蟲也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。匍(pu)匐，言無(wu)(wu)(wu)力不能行(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。咽，吞也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“于(yu)(yu)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士，吾必以仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)巨擘(bo)焉。雖然，仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)惡能廉(lian)？充(chong)仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)操(cao)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)蚓(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)后(hou)可者也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。擘(bo)，薄厄反。惡，平(ping)聲(sheng)。蚓(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，音引。巨擘(bo)，大指(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言齊(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)中有(you)(you)(you)仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，如眾小指(zhi)(zhi)中有(you)(you)(you)大指(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。充(chong)，推而(er)滿(man)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。操(cao)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)守(shou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蚓(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，丘(qiu)蚓(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)未(wei)得為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)廉(lian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，必若滿(man)其(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)守(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志，則(ze)(ze)(ze)惟丘(qiu)蚓(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)求于(yu)(yu)世，然后(hou)可以為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)廉(lian)耳(er)(er)(er)。夫蚓(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，上食(shi)(shi)(shi)槁壤，下(xia)飲黃泉(quan)(quan)。仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室，伯(bo)夷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)筑與(yu)？抑(yi)(yi)亦(yi)盜跖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)筑與(yu)？所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)粟，伯(bo)夷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)樹與(yu)？抑(yi)(yi)亦(yi)盜跖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)樹與(yu)？是(shi)(shi)未(wei)可知也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”夫，音扶。與(yu)，平(ping)聲(sheng)。槁壤，干(gan)土也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。黃泉(quan)(quan)，濁水(shui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。抑(yi)(yi)，發語(yu)辭也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言蚓(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)無(wu)(wu)(wu)求于(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)自(zi)足，而(er)仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)未(wei)免居(ju)室食(shi)(shi)(shi)粟，若所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)從(cong)來或有(you)(you)(you)非義(yi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)未(wei)能如蚓(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)廉(lian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)：“是(shi)(shi)何傷哉(zai)？彼身(shen)織(zhi)屨(ju)，妻(qi)辟(pi)纑，以易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”辟(pi)，音壁。纑，音盧。辟(pi)，績也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。纑，練麻(ma)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)：“仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，齊(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世家(jia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)戴(dai)(dai)，蓋祿(lu)萬鐘。以兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祿(lu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不義(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祿(lu)而(er)不食(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，以兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不義(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室而(er)不居(ju)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，辟(pi)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)離母(mu)，處于(yu)(yu)于(yu)(yu)陵(ling)(ling)。他日(ri)歸，則(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)(you)饋其(qi)(qi)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)生(sheng)(sheng)鵝者，己頻顣曰(yue)：‘惡用是(shi)(shi)??者為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)哉(zai)？’他日(ri)，其(qi)(qi)母(mu)殺是(shi)(shi)鵝也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)自(zi)外至，曰(yue)：‘是(shi)(shi)??之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肉也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’出(chu)而(er)哇(wa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。蓋，音合。辟(pi)，音避(bi)(bi)。頻，與(yu)顰同。顣，與(yu)蹙(cu)同，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)六反。惡，平(ping)聲(sheng)。?，魚一反。哇(wa)，音蛙(wa)。世家(jia)，世卿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)。兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)名戴(dai)(dai)，食(shi)(shi)(shi)采于(yu)(yu)蓋，其(qi)(qi)入萬鐘也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。歸，自(zi)于(yu)(yu)陵(ling)(ling)歸也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。己，仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。??，鵝聲(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。頻顣而(er)言，以其(qi)(qi)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)受饋為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不義(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。哇(wa)，吐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以母(mu)則(ze)(ze)(ze)不食(shi)(shi)(shi)，以妻(qi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)食(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；以兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室則(ze)(ze)(ze)弗(fu)居(ju)，以于(yu)(yu)陵(ling)(ling)則(ze)(ze)(ze)居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。是(shi)(shi)尚為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)能充(chong)其(qi)(qi)類也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)乎？若仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者，蚓(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)后(hou)充(chong)其(qi)(qi)操(cao)者也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”言仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以母(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)、兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不義(yi)而(er)不食(shi)(shi)(shi)不居(ju)，其(qi)(qi)操(cao)守(shou)如此(ci)。至于(yu)(yu)妻(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)粟，于(yu)(yu)陵(ling)(ling)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室，既(ji)未(wei)必伯(bo)夷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)亦(yi)不義(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類耳(er)(er)(er)。今仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)于(yu)(yu)此(ci)則(ze)(ze)(ze)不食(shi)(shi)(shi)不居(ju)，于(yu)(yu)彼則(ze)(ze)(ze)食(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，豈(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)能充(chong)滿(man)其(qi)(qi)操(cao)守(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類者乎？必其(qi)(qi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)求自(zi)足，如丘(qiu)蚓(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)然，乃為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)能滿(man)其(qi)(qi)志而(er)得為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)廉(lian)耳(er)(er)(er)，然豈(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)可為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)哉(zai)？范(fan)氏(shi)曰(yue)：“天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)，地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)養，惟人(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大。人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大者，以其(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)倫也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。仲(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)避(bi)(bi)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)離母(mu)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)親戚君臣上下(xia)，是(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)倫也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。豈(qi)有(you)(you)(you)無(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)倫而(er)可以為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)廉(lian)哉(zai)？”

孟子卷七(qi)　離婁章(zhang)句上

凡二十八章。
孟子曰：“離婁之明，公輸子之巧，不以規矩，不能成方員：師曠之聰，不以六律，不能正五音；堯舜之道，不以仁政，不能平治天下。離婁，古之明目者。公輸子，名班，魯之巧人也。規，所以為員之器也。矩，所以為方之器也。師曠，晉之樂師，知音者也。六律，截竹為筩，陰陽各六，以節五音之上下。黃鐘、太蔟、姑洗、蕤賓、夷則、無射，為陽；大呂、夾鐘、仲呂、林鐘、南呂、應鐘，為陰也。五音：宮、商、角、征、羽也。范氏曰：“此言治天下不可無法度，仁政者，治天下之法度也。”今有仁心仁聞而民不被其澤，不可法于后世者，不行先王之道也。聞，去聲。仁心，愛人之心也。仁聞者，有愛人之聲聞于人也。先王之道，仁政是也。范氏曰：“齊宣王不忍一牛之死，以羊易之，可謂有仁心。梁武帝終日一食蔬素，宗廟以?︰︰犧牲，斷死刑必為之涕泣，天下知其慈仁，可謂有仁聞。然而宣王之時，齊國不治，武帝之末，江南大亂。其故何哉，有仁心仁聞而不行先王之道故也。”故曰，徒善不足以為政，徒法不能以自行。徒，猶空也。有其心，無其政，是謂徒善；有其政，無其心，是為徒法。程子嘗言：“為政須要有綱紀文章，謹權、審量、讀法、平價，皆不可闕。”而又曰，“必有關雎麟趾之意，然后可以行周官之法度”，正謂此也。詩云：‘不愆不忘，率由舊章。’遵先王之法而過者，未之有也。詩大雅假樂之篇。愆，過也。率，循也。章，典法也。所行不過差不遺忘者，以其循用舊典故也。圣人既竭目力焉，繼之以規矩準繩，以為方員平直，不可勝用也；既竭耳力焉，繼之以六律，正五音，不可勝用也；既竭心思焉，繼之以不忍人之政，而仁覆天下矣。勝，平聲。準，所以為平。繩，所以為直。覆，被也。此言古之圣人，既竭耳目心思之力，然猶以為未足以遍天下，及后世，故制為法度以繼續之，則其用不窮，而仁之所被者廣矣。故曰，為高必因丘陵，為下必因川澤。為政不因先王之道，可謂智乎？丘陵本高，川澤本下，為高下者因之，則用力少而成功多矣。鄒氏曰：“自章首至此，論以仁心仁聞行先王之道。”是以惟仁者宜在高位。不仁而在高位，是播其惡于眾也。仁者，有仁心仁聞而能擴而充之，以行先王之道者也。播惡于眾，謂貽患于下也。上無道揆也。下無法守也，朝不信道，工不信度，君子犯義，小人犯刑，國之所存者幸也。朝，音潮。此言不仁而在高位之禍也。道，義理也。揆，度也。法，制度也。道揆，謂以義理度量事物而制其宜。法守，謂以法度自守。工，官也。度，即法也。君子小人，以位而言也。由上無道揆，故下無法守。無道揆，則朝不信道而君子犯義；無法守，則工不信度而小人犯刑。有此六者，其國必亡；其不亡者僥幸而已。故曰：城郭不完，兵甲不多，非國之災也；田野不辟，貨財不聚，非國之害也。上無禮，下無學，賊民興，喪無日矣。辟，與辟同。喪，去聲。上不知禮，則無以教民；下不知學，則易與為亂。鄒氏曰：“自是以惟仁者至此，所以責其君。”詩曰：‘天之方蹶，無然泄泄。’蹶，居衛反。泄，弋制反。詩大雅板之篇。蹶，顛覆之意。泄泄，怠緩悅從之貌。言天欲顛覆周室，群臣無得泄泄然，不急救正之。泄泄，猶沓沓也。沓，徒合反。沓沓，即泄泄之意。蓋孟子時人語如此。事君無義，進退無禮，言則非先王之道者，猶沓沓也。非，詆毀也。故曰：責難于君謂之恭，陳善閉邪謂之敬，吾君不能謂之賊。”范氏曰：“人臣以難事責于君，使其君為堯舜之君者，尊君之大也；開陳善道以禁閉君之邪心，惟恐其君或陷于有過之地者，敬君之至也；謂其君不能行善道而不以告者，賊害其君之甚也。”鄒氏曰：“自詩云‘天之方蹶’至此，所以責其臣。”鄒氏曰：“此章言為治者，當有仁心仁聞以行先王之政，而君臣又當各任其責也。”
孟子曰：“規矩，方員之至也；圣人，人倫之至也。至，極也。人倫說見前篇。規矩盡所以為方員之理，猶圣人盡所以為人之道。欲為君盡君道，欲為臣盡臣道，二者皆法堯舜而已矣。不以舜之所以事堯事君，不敬其君者也；不以堯之所以治民治民，賊其民者也。法堯舜以盡君臣之道，猶用規矩以盡方員之極，此孟子所以道性善而稱堯舜也。孔子曰：‘道二：仁與不仁而已矣。’法堯舜，則盡君臣之道而仁矣；不法堯舜，則慢君賊民而不仁矣。二端之外，更無他道。出乎此，則入乎彼矣，可不謹哉？暴其民甚，則身弒國亡；不甚，則身危國削。名之曰‘幽厲’，雖孝子慈孫，百世不能改也。幽，暗。厲，虐。皆惡謚也。茍得其實，則雖有孝子慈孫，愛其祖考之甚者，亦不得廢公義而改之。言不仁之禍必至于此，可懼之甚也。詩云‘殷鑒不遠，在夏后之世’，此之謂也。”詩大雅蕩之篇。言商紂之所當鑒者，近在夏桀之世，而孟子引之，又欲后人以幽厲為鑒也。
孟子曰：“三代之得天下也以仁，其失天下也以不仁。三代，謂夏、商、周也。禹、湯、文、武，以仁得之；桀、紂、幽、厲，以不仁失之。國之所以廢興存亡者亦然。國，謂諸侯之國。天子不仁，不保四海；諸侯不仁，不保社稷；卿大夫不仁，不保宗廟；士庶人不仁，不保四體。言必死亡。今惡死亡而樂不仁，是猶惡醉而強酒。”惡，去聲。樂音洛。強，上聲。此承上章之意而推言之也。
孟子曰：“愛(ai)(ai)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)親反(fan)(fan)(fan)其(qi)(qi)仁(ren)，治(zhi)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)治(zhi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)其(qi)(qi)智(zhi)，禮(li)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)答(da)反(fan)(fan)(fan)其(qi)(qi)敬。治(zhi)人(ren)之(zhi)治(zhi)，平聲。不(bu)(bu)(bu)治(zhi)之(zhi)治(zhi)，去聲。我愛(ai)(ai)人(ren)而人(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)親我，則(ze)反(fan)(fan)(fan)求(qiu)諸(zhu)己，恐我之(zhi)仁(ren)未至也。智(zhi)敬放此(ci)。行有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)者(zhe)，皆反(fan)(fan)(fan)求(qiu)諸(zhu)己，其(qi)(qi)身正而天下歸(gui)之(zhi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)，謂不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)其(qi)(qi)所(suo)欲(yu)，如不(bu)(bu)(bu)親、不(bu)(bu)(bu)治(zhi)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)答(da)是也。反(fan)(fan)(fan)求(qiu)諸(zhu)己，謂反(fan)(fan)(fan)其(qi)(qi)仁(ren)、反(fan)(fan)(fan)其(qi)(qi)智(zhi)、反(fan)(fan)(fan)其(qi)(qi)敬也。如此(ci)，則(ze)其(qi)(qi)自治(zhi)益(yi)詳，而身無不(bu)(bu)(bu)正矣。天下歸(gui)之(zhi)，極言其(qi)(qi)效也。詩云：‘永(yong)言配命，自求(qiu)多福。’”解見前篇。亦承上(shang)章而言。

孟子曰：“人有恒言，皆曰‘天下國家’。天下之本在國，國之本在家，家之本在身。”恒，胡登反。恒，常也。雖常言之，而未必知其言之有序也。故推言之，而又以家本乎身也。此亦承上章而言之，大學所謂“自天子至于庶人，壹是皆以修身為本”，為是故也。
孟子曰：“為政不難，不得罪于巨室。巨室之所慕，一國慕之；一國之所慕，天下慕之；故沛然德教溢乎四海。”巨室，世臣大家也。得罪，謂身不正而取怨怒也。麥丘邑人祝齊桓公曰：“愿主君無得罪于群臣百姓。”意蓋如此。慕，向也，心悅誠服之謂也。沛然，盛大流行之貌。溢，充滿也。蓋巨室之心，難以力服，而國人素所取信；今既悅服，則國人皆服，而吾德教之所施，可以無遠而不至矣。此亦承上章而言，蓋君子不患人心之不服，而患吾身之不修；吾身既修，則人心之難服者先服，而無一人之不服矣。林氏曰：“戰國之世，諸侯失德，巨室擅權，為患甚矣。然或者不修其本而遽欲勝之，則未必能勝而適以取禍。故孟子推本而言，惟務修德以服其心。彼既悅服，則吾之德教無所留礙，可以及乎天下矣。裴度所謂韓弘輿疾討賊，承宗斂手削地，非朝廷之力能制其死命，特以處置得宜，能服其心故爾，正此類也。”
孟子曰：“天下有道，小德役大德，小賢役大賢；天下無道，小役大，弱役強。斯二者天也。順天者存，逆天者亡。有道之世，人皆修德，而位必稱其德之大小；天下無道，人不修德，則但以力相役而已。天者，理勢之當然也。齊景公曰：‘既不能令，又不受命，是絕物也。’涕出而女于吳。女，去聲。引此以言小役大弱役強之事也。令，出令以使人也。受命，聽命于人也。物，猶人也。女，以女與人也。吳，蠻夷之國也。景公羞與為昏而畏其強，故涕泣而以女與之。今也小國師大國而恥受命焉，是猶弟子而恥受命于先師也。言小國不修德以自強，其般樂怠敖，皆若效大國之所為者，而獨恥受其教命，不可得也。如恥之，莫若師文王。師文王，大國五年，小國七年，必為政于天下矣。此因其愧恥之心而勉以修德也。文王之政，布在方策，舉而行之，所謂師文王也。五年七年，以其所乘之勢不同為差。蓋天下雖無道，然修德之至，則道自我行，而大國反為吾役矣。程子曰：“五年七年，圣人度其時則可矣。然凡此類，學者皆當思其作為如何，乃有益耳。”詩云：‘商之孫子，其麗不億。上帝既命，侯于周服。侯服于周，天命靡常。殷士膚敏，祼將于京。’孔子曰：‘仁不可為眾也。夫國君好仁，天下無敵。’祼，音灌。夫，音扶。好，去聲。詩大雅文王之篇。孟子引此詩及孔子之言，以言文王之事。麗，數也。十萬曰億。侯，維也。商士，商孫子之臣也。膚，大也。敏，達也。祼，宗廟之祭，以郁鬯之酒灌地而降神也。將，助也。言高之孫子眾多，其數不但十萬而已。上帝既命周以天下，則凡此商之孫子，皆臣服于周矣。所以然者，以天命不常，歸于有德故也。是以商士之膚大而敏達者，皆執祼獻之禮，助王祭事于周之京師也。孔子因讀此詩，而言有仁者則雖有十萬之眾，不能當之。故國君好仁，則必無敵于天下也。不可為眾，猶所謂難為兄難為弟云爾。今也欲無敵于天下而不以仁，是猶執熱而不以濯也。詩云：‘誰能執熱，逝不以濯？’”恥受命于大國，是欲無敵于天下也；乃師大國而不師文王，是不以仁也。詩大雅桑柔之篇。逝，語辭也。言誰能執持熱物，而不以水自濯其手乎？此章言不能自強，則聽天所命；修德行仁，則天命在我。
孟子曰：“不仁者可與言哉？安其危而利其菑，樂其所以亡者。不仁而可與言，則何亡國敗家之有？菑，與災同。樂，音洛。安其危利其菑者，不知其為危菑而反以為安利也。所以亡者，謂荒淫暴虐，所以致亡之道也。不仁之人，私欲固蔽，失其本心，故其顛倒錯亂至于如此，所以不可告以忠言，而卒至于敗亡也。有孺子歌曰：‘滄浪之水清兮，可以濯我纓；滄浪之水濁兮，可以濯我足。’浪，音郎。滄浪，水名。纓，冠系也。孔子曰：‘小子聽之！清斯濯纓，濁斯濯足矣，自取之也。’言水之清濁有以自取之也。圣人聲入心通，無非至理，此類可見。夫人必自侮，然后人侮之；家必自毀，而后人毀之；國必自伐，而后人伐之。夫，音扶。所謂自取之者。太甲曰：‘天作孽，猶可違；自作孽，不可活。’此之謂也。”解見前篇。此章言心存則有以審夫得失之幾，不存則無以辨于存亡之著。禍福之來，皆其自取。
孟子曰：“桀紂之失天下也，失其民也；失其民者，失其心也。得天下有道：得其民，斯得天下矣；得其民有道：得其心，斯得民矣；得其心有道：所欲與之聚之，所惡勿施爾也。惡，去聲。民之所欲，皆為致之，如聚斂然。民之所惡，則勿施于民。?錯所謂“人情莫不欲壽，三王生之而不傷；人情莫不欲富，三王厚之而不困；人情莫不欲安，〔一〕三王扶之而不危；人情莫不欲逸，三王節其力而不盡”，此類之謂也。民之歸仁也，猶水之就下、獸之走壙也。走，音奏。壙，廣野也。言民之所以歸乎此，以其所欲之在乎此也。故為淵驅魚者，獺也；為叢驅爵者，鹯也；為湯武驅民者，桀與紂也。為，去聲。驅，與驅同。獺，音闥。爵，與雀同。鹯，諸延反。淵，深水也。獺，食魚者也。叢，茂林也。鹯，食雀者也。言民之所以去此，以其所欲在彼而所畏在此也。今天下之君有好仁者，則諸侯皆為之驅矣。雖欲無王，不可得已。好、為、王，皆去聲。今之欲王者，猶七年之病求三年之艾也。茍為不畜，終身不得。茍不志于仁，終身憂辱，以陷于死亡。王，去聲。艾，草名，所以灸者，干久益善。夫病已深而欲求干久之艾，固難卒辦，然自今畜之，則猶或可及；不然，則病日益深，死日益迫，而艾終不可得矣。詩云‘其何能淑，載胥及溺’，此之謂也。”詩大雅桑柔之篇。淑，善也。載，則也。胥，相也。言今之所為，其何能善，則相引以陷于亂亡而已。〔一〕“情”原作“惰”，據清仿宋大字本改。
孟子曰：“自(zi)(zi)(zi)暴(bao)者(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)可(ke)與(yu)有言(yan)也(ye)(ye)；自(zi)(zi)(zi)棄(qi)者(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)可(ke)與(yu)有為也(ye)(ye)。言(yan)非(fei)禮義，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)暴(bao)也(ye)(ye)；吾(wu)身(shen)不(bu)(bu)能居仁(ren)由(you)(you)義，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)棄(qi)也(ye)(ye)。暴(bao)，猶(you)害也(ye)(ye)。非(fei)，猶(you)毀也(ye)(ye)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)害其身(shen)者(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)禮義之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為美(mei)而(er)(er)非(fei)毀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，雖與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)，必不(bu)(bu)見信也(ye)(ye)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)棄(qi)其身(shen)者(zhe)，猶(you)知(zhi)仁(ren)義之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為美(mei)，但(dan)弱于(yu)怠(dai)惰，自(zi)(zi)(zi)謂(wei)必不(bu)(bu)能行，與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有為必不(bu)(bu)能勉也(ye)(ye)。程子曰；“人(ren)茍以(yi)善自(zi)(zi)(zi)治(zhi)，則無不(bu)(bu)可(ke)移(yi)者(zhe)，雖昏愚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)，皆可(ke)漸磨而(er)(er)進也(ye)(ye)。惟自(zi)(zi)(zi)暴(bao)者(zhe)拒(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)信，自(zi)(zi)(zi)棄(qi)者(zhe)絕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)為，雖圣人(ren)與(yu)居，不(bu)(bu)能化而(er)(er)入也(ye)(ye)。此所謂(wei)下(xia)愚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)移(yi)也(ye)(ye)。”仁(ren)，人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安宅也(ye)(ye)；義，人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正路(lu)也(ye)(ye)。仁(ren)宅已見前(qian)篇。義者(zhe)，宜也(ye)(ye)，乃天(tian)理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)當行，無人(ren)欲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邪曲，故曰正路(lu)。曠(kuang)安宅而(er)(er)弗居，舍正路(lu)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)由(you)(you)，哀哉(zai)！”舍，上聲。曠(kuang)，空也(ye)(ye)。由(you)(you)，行也(ye)(ye)。此章(zhang)言(yan)道本固有而(er)(er)人(ren)自(zi)(zi)(zi)絕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是可(ke)哀也(ye)(ye)。此圣賢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深戒，學者(zhe)所當猛省(sheng)也(ye)(ye)。

孟子曰：“道在爾而求諸遠，事在易而求之難。人人親其親、長其長而天下平。”爾、邇，古字通用。易，去聲。長，上聲。親長在人為甚邇，親之長之在人為甚易，而道初不外是也。舍此而他求，則遠且難而反失之。但人人各親其親、各長其長，則天下自平矣。
孟子曰：“居下位而不獲于上，民不可得而治也。獲于上有道：不信于友，弗獲于上矣；信于友有道：事親弗悅，弗信于友矣；悅親有道：反身不誠，不悅于親矣；誠身有道：不明乎善，不誠其身矣。獲于上，得其上之信任也。誠，實也。反身不誠，反求諸身而其所以為善之心有不實也。不明乎善，不能即事以窮理。無以真知善之所在也。游氏曰：“欲誠其意，先致其知；不明乎善，不誠乎身矣。學至于誠身，則安往而不致其極哉？以內則順乎親，以外則信乎友，以上則可以得君，以下則可以得民矣。”是故誠者，天之道也；思誠者，人之道也。誠者，理之在我者皆實而無偽，天道之本然也；思誠者，欲此理之在我者皆實而無偽，人道之當然也。至誠而不動者，未之有也；不誠，未有能動者也。”至，極也。楊氏曰：“動便是驗處，若獲乎上、信乎友、悅于親之類是也。”此章述中庸孔子之言，見思誠為修身之本，而明善又為思誠之本。乃子思所聞于曾子，而孟子所受乎子思者，亦與大學相表?，學者宜潛心焉。
孟子曰：“伯夷辟紂，居北海之濱，聞文王作，興曰：‘盍歸乎來！吾聞西伯善養老者。’太公辟紂，居東海之濱，聞文王作，興曰：‘盍歸乎來！吾聞西伯善養老者。’辟，去聲。作、興，皆起也。盍，何不也。西伯，即文王也。紂命為西方諸侯之長，得專征伐，故稱西伯。太公，姜姓，呂氏，名尚。文王發政，必先鰥寡孤獨，庶人之老，皆無凍餒，故伯夷、太公來就其養，非求仕也。二老者，天下之大老也，而歸之，是天下之父歸之也。天下之父歸之，其子焉往？焉，于虔反。二老，伯夷、太公也。大老，言非常人之老者。天下之父，言齒德皆尊，如眾父然。既得其心，則天下之心不能外矣。蕭何所謂養民致賢以圖天下者，暗與此合，但其意則有公私之辨，學者又不可以不察也。諸侯有行文王之政者，七年之內，必為政于天下矣。”七年，以小國而言也。大國五年，在其中矣。
孟子曰：“求也為季氏宰，無能改于其德，而賦粟倍他日。孔子曰：‘求非我徒也，小子鳴鼓而攻之可也。’求，孔子弟子冉求。季氏，魯卿。宰，家臣。賦，猶取也，取民之粟倍于他日也。小子，弟子也。鳴鼓而攻之，聲其罪而責之也。由此觀之，君不行仁政而富之，皆棄于孔子者也。況于為之強戰？爭地以戰，殺人盈野；爭城以戰，殺人盈城。此所謂率土地而食人肉，罪不容于死。為，去聲。林氏曰：“富其君者，奪民之財耳，而夫子猶惡之。況為土地之故而殺人，使其肝腦涂地，則是率土地而食人之肉。其罪之大，雖至于死，猶不足以容之也。”故善戰者服上刑，連諸侯者次之，辟草萊、任土地者次之。”辟與辟同。善戰，如孫臏、吳起之徒。連結諸侯，如蘇秦、張儀之類。辟，開墾也。任土地，謂分土授民，使任耕稼之責，如李悝盡地方，商鞅開阡陌之類也。
孟子曰：“存乎人者，莫良于眸子。眸子不能掩其惡。胸中正，則眸子了焉；胸中不正，則眸子眊焉。眸，音牟。了，音了。眊，音耄。良，善也。眸子，目瞳子也。了，明也。眊者，蒙蒙，目不明之貌。蓋人與物接之時，其神在目，故胸中正則神精而明，不正則神散而昏。聽其言也，觀其眸子，人焉廋哉？”焉，于虔反。廋，音搜。廋，匿也。言亦心之所發，故幷此以觀，則人之邪正不可匿矣。然言猶可以偽為，眸子則有不容偽者。
孟子曰：“恭者不侮人，儉者不奪人。侮奪人之君，惟恐不順焉，惡得為恭儉？恭儉豈可以聲音笑貌為哉？”惡，平聲。惟恐不順，言恐人之不順己。聲音笑貌，偽為于外也。
淳于髡曰：“男女授受不親，禮與？”孟子曰：“禮也。”曰：“嫂溺則援之以手乎？”曰：“嫂溺不援，是豺狼也。男女授受不親，禮也；嫂溺援之以手者，權也。”與，平聲。援，音爰。淳于，姓；髡，名；齊之辯士。授，與也。受，取也。古禮，男女不親授受，以遠別也。援，救之也。權，稱錘也，稱物輕重而往來以取中者也。權而得中，是乃禮也。曰：“今天下溺矣，夫子之不援，何也？”言今天下大亂，民遭陷溺，亦當從權以援之，不可守先王之正道也。曰：“天下溺，援之以道；嫂溺，援之以手。子欲手援天下乎？”言天下溺，惟道可以捄之，非若嫂溺可手援也。今子欲援天下，乃欲使我枉道求合，則先失其所以援之之具矣。是欲使我以手援天下乎？此章言直己守道，所以濟時；枉道殉人，徒為失己。
公孫丑曰：“君子之不教子，何也？”不親教也。孟子曰：“勢不行也。教者必以正；以正不行，繼之以怒；繼之以怒，則反夷矣。‘夫子教我以正，夫子未出于正也。’則是父子相夷也。父子相夷，則惡矣。夷，傷也。教子者，本為愛其子也，繼之以怒，則反傷其子矣。父既傷其子，子之心又責其父曰：‘夫子教我以正道，而夫子之身未必自行正道。”則是子又傷其父也。古者易子而教之。易子而教，所以全父子之恩，而亦不失其為教。父子之間不責善。責善則離，離則不祥莫大焉。”責善，朋友之道也。王氏曰：“父有爭子，何也？所謂爭者，非責善也。當不義則爭之而已矣。父之于子也如何？曰，當不義，則亦戒之而已矣。”
孟子曰：“事孰為大？事親為大；守孰為大？守身為大。不失其身而能事其親者，吾聞之矣；失其身而能事其親者，吾未之聞也。守身，持守其身，使不陷于不義也。一失其身，則虧體辱親，雖日用三牲之養，亦不足以為孝矣。孰不為事？事親，事之本也；孰不為守？守身，守之本也。事親孝，則忠可移于君，順可移于長。身正，則家齊、國治、而天下平。曾子養曾皙，必有酒肉。將徹，必請所與。問有余，必曰‘有’。曾皙死，曾元養曾子，必有酒肉。將徹，不請所與。問有余，曰‘亡矣’。將以復進也。此所謂養口體者也。若曾子，則可謂養志也。養，去聲。復，扶又反。此承上文事親言之。曾皙，名點，曾子父也。曾元，曾子子也。曾子養其父，每食必有酒肉。食畢將徹去，必請于父曰：“此余者與誰？”或父問此物尚有余否？必曰“有”。恐親意更欲與人也。曾元不請所與，雖有言無。其意將以復進于親，不欲其與人也。此但能養父母之口體而已。曾子則能承順父母之志，而不忍傷之也。事親若曾子者，可也。”言當如曾子之養志，不可如曾元但養口體。程子曰：“子之身所能為者，皆所當為，無過分之事也。故事親若曾子可謂至矣，而孟子止曰可也，豈以曾子之孝為有余哉？”
孟子曰：“人不足與適也，政不足間也。惟大人為能格君心之非。君仁莫不仁，君義莫不義，君正莫不正。一正君而國定矣。”適，音謫。間，去聲。趙氏曰：“適，過也。間，非也。格，正也。”徐氏曰：“格者，物之所取正也。書曰：‘格其非心。’”愚謂間字上亦當有與字。言人君用人之非，不足過?；行政之失，不足非間。惟有大人之德，則能格其君心之不正以歸于正，而國無不治矣。大人者，大德之人，正己而物正者也。程子曰：“天下之治亂，系乎人君之仁與不仁耳。心之非，即害于政，不待乎發之于外也。昔者孟子三見齊王而不言事，門人疑之。孟子曰：‘我先攻其邪心，心既正，而后天下之事可從而理也。’夫政事之失，用人之非，知者能更之，直者能諫之。然非心存焉，則事事而更之，后復有其事，將不勝其更矣；人人而去之，后復用其人，將不勝其去矣。是以輔相之職，必在乎格君心之非，然后無所不正；而欲格君心之非者，非有大人之德，則亦莫之能也。”
孟子曰：“有不虞之譽，有求全之毀。”虞，度也。呂氏曰“行不足以致譽而偶得譽，是謂不虞之譽。求免于毀而反致毀，是謂求全之毀。言毀譽之言，未必皆實，修己者不可以是遽為憂喜。觀人者不可以是輕為進退。”
孟子曰：“人之易其言也，無責耳矣。”易，去聲。人之所以輕易其言者，以其未遭失言之責故耳。蓋常人之情，無所懲于前，則無所警于后。非以為君子之學，必俟有責而后不敢易其言也。然此豈亦有為而言之與？
孟子曰：“人之患在好為人師。”好，去聲。王勉曰：“學問有余，人資于己，以不得已而應之可也。若好為人師，則自足而不復有進矣，此人之大患也。”
樂正子從于子敖之齊。子敖，王驩字。樂正子見孟子。孟子曰：“子亦來見我乎？”曰：“先生何為出此言也？”曰：“子來幾日矣？”曰：“昔昔。”曰：“昔昔，則我出此言也，不亦宜乎？”曰：“舍館未定。”曰：“子聞之也，舍館定，然后求見長者乎？”長，上聲。昔者，前日也。館，客舍也。王驩，孟子所不與言者，則其人可知矣。樂正子乃從之行，其失身之罪大矣；又不早見長者，則其罪又有甚者焉。故孟子姑以此責之。曰：“克有罪。”陳氏曰：“樂正子固不能無罪矣，然其勇于受責如此，非好善而篤信之，其能若是乎？世有強辯飾非，聞諫愈甚者，又樂正子之罪人也。”
孟子謂樂正子曰：“子之從于子敖來，徒餔啜也。我不意子學古之道，而以餔啜也。”餔，博孤反。啜，昌悅反。徒，但也。餔，食也。啜，飲也。言其不擇所從，但求食耳。此乃正其罪而切責之。
孟子曰：“不孝有三，無后為大。趙氏曰：“于禮有不孝者三事：謂阿意曲從，陷親不義，一也；家貧親老，不為祿仕，二也；不娶無子，絕先祖祀，三也。三者之中，無后為大。”舜不告而娶，為無后也，君子以為猶告也。”為無之為，去聲》。舜告焉則不得娶，而終于無后矣。告者禮也。不告者權也。猶告，言與告同也。蓋權而得中，則不離于正矣。范氏曰：“天下之道，有正有權。正者萬世之常，權者一時之用。常道人皆可守，權非體道者不能用也。蓋權出于不得已者也，若父非瞽瞍，子非大舜，而欲不告而娶，則天下之罪人也。”
孟子曰：“仁之實，事親是也；義之實，從兄是也。仁主于愛，而愛莫切于事親；義主于敬，而敬莫先于從兄。故仁義之道，其用至廣，而其實不越于事親從兄之間。蓋良心之發，最為切近而精實者。有子以孝弟為為仁之本，其意亦猶此也。智之實，知斯二者弗去是也；禮之實，節文斯二者是也；樂之實，樂斯二者，樂則生矣；生則惡可已也，惡可已，則不知足之蹈之、手之舞之。”樂斯、樂則之樂，音洛。惡，平聲。斯二者，指事親從兄而言。知而弗去，則見之明而守之固矣。節文，謂品節文章。樂則生矣，謂和順從容，無所勉強，事親從兄之意油然自生，如草木之有生意也。既有生意，則其暢茂條達，自有不可遏者，所謂惡可已也。其又盛，則至于手舞足蹈而不自知矣。此章言事親從兄，良心真切，天下之道，皆原于此。然必知之明而守之固，然后節之密而樂之深也。
孟子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“天下(xia)大(da)悅(yue)而(er)將歸己(ji)(ji)。視(shi)天下(xia)悅(yue)而(er)歸己(ji)(ji)，猶(you)草芥(jie)也(ye)。惟舜(shun)(shun)(shun)為(wei)(wei)然(ran)。不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)乎親(qin)(qin)，不(bu)(bu)可(ke)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)；不(bu)(bu)順乎親(qin)(qin)，不(bu)(bu)可(ke)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)。言(yan)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)視(shi)天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歸己(ji)(ji)如(ru)草芥(jie)，而(er)惟欲(yu)得(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)親(qin)(qin)而(er)順之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。得(de)(de)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，曲為(wei)(wei)承順以(yi)得(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悅(yue)而(er)已(yi)。順則(ze)有(you)以(yi)諭(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)道，心(xin)與之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一而(er)未始(shi)有(you)違，尤人(ren)(ren)所(suo)難(nan)也(ye)。為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)蓋(gai)泛言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，為(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)則(ze)愈(yu)密矣。舜(shun)(shun)(shun)盡(jin)事(shi)親(qin)(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道而(er)瞽(gu)瞍(sou)(sou)厎(zhi)(zhi)豫(yu)(yu)，瞽(gu)瞍(sou)(sou)厎(zhi)(zhi)豫(yu)(yu)而(er)天下(xia)化，瞽(gu)瞍(sou)(sou)厎(zhi)(zhi)豫(yu)(yu)而(er)天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)定，此之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)大(da)孝(xiao)(xiao)。”底，之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)爾反。瞽(gu)瞍(sou)(sou)，舜(shun)(shun)(shun)父(fu)(fu)(fu)名。厎(zhi)(zhi)，致(zhi)也(ye)。豫(yu)(yu)，悅(yue)樂也(ye)。瞽(gu)瞍(sou)(sou)至(zhi)頑，嘗(chang)欲(yu)殺舜(shun)(shun)(shun)，至(zhi)是(shi)(shi)而(er)厎(zhi)(zhi)豫(yu)(yu)焉。書所(suo)謂(wei)“不(bu)(bu)格(ge)奸(jian)亦(yi)允若”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)。蓋(gai)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)至(zhi)此而(er)有(you)以(yi)順乎親(qin)(qin)矣。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，知(zhi)天下(xia)無不(bu)(bu)可(ke)事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)親(qin)(qin)，顧吾所(suo)以(yi)事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)未若舜(shun)(shun)(shun)耳。于(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)莫不(bu)(bu)勉而(er)為(wei)(wei)孝(xiao)(xiao)，至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)親(qin)(qin)亦(yi)厎(zhi)(zhi)豫(yu)(yu)焉，則(ze)天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)莫不(bu)(bu)慈，所(suo)謂(wei)化也(ye)。子(zi)(zi)孝(xiao)(xiao)父(fu)(fu)(fu)慈，各(ge)止(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)，而(er)無不(bu)(bu)安其(qi)(qi)(qi)位之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，所(suo)謂(wei)定也(ye)。為(wei)(wei)法于(yu)(yu)天下(xia)，可(ke)傳(chuan)于(yu)(yu)后(hou)世(shi)，非止(zhi)一身一家(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孝(xiao)(xiao)而(er)已(yi)，此所(suo)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)大(da)孝(xiao)(xiao)也(ye)。李氏(shi)曰(yue)：“舜(shun)(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)以(yi)能使瞽(gu)瞍(sou)(sou)厎(zhi)(zhi)豫(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，盡(jin)事(shi)親(qin)(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，其(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)職，不(bu)(bu)見(jian)(jian)父(fu)(fu)(fu)母之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非而(er)已(yi)。昔羅仲素語此云(yun)：‘只(zhi)為(wei)(wei)天下(xia)無不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)厎(zhi)(zhi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)母。’了翁聞而(er)善(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)：‘惟如(ru)此而(er)后(hou)天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)定。彼臣弒其(qi)(qi)(qi)君、子(zi)(zi)弒其(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，常始(shi)于(yu)(yu)見(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)處耳。’”

孟(meng)子卷八　離婁章句(ju)下

凡三十三章。
孟子曰：“舜生于諸馮，遷于負夏，卒于鳴條，東夷之人也。諸馮、負夏、鳴條，皆地名，在東方夷服之地。文王生于岐周，卒于畢郢，西夷之人也。岐周，岐山下周舊邑，近畎夷。畢郢，近豐鎬，今有文王墓。地之相去也，千有余里；世之相后也，夭有余歲。得志行乎中國，若合符節。得志行乎中國，謂舜為天子，文王為方伯，得行其道于天下也。符節，以玉為之，篆刻文字而中分之，彼此各藏其半，有故則左右相合以為信也。若合符節，言其同也。先圣后圣，其揆一也。”揆，度也。其揆一者，言度之而其道無不同也。范氏曰“言圣人之生，雖有先后遠近之不同，然其道則一也。”
子產聽鄭國之政，以其乘輿濟人于溱洧。乘，去聲。溱，音臻。洧，榮美反。子產，鄭大夫公孫僑也。溱洧，二水名也。子產見人有徒涉此水者，以其所乘之車載而渡之。孟子曰：“惠而不知為政。惠，謂私恩小利。政，則有公平正大之體，綱紀法度之施焉。歲十一月徒杠成，十二月輿梁成，民未病涉也。杠，音江。杠，方橋也。徒杠，可通徒行者。梁，亦橋也。輿梁，可通車輿者。周十一月，夏九月也。周十二月，夏十月也。夏令曰：“十月成梁。”蓋農功已畢，可用民力，又時將寒冱，水有橋梁，則民不患于徒涉，亦王政之一事也。君子平其政，行辟人可也。焉得人人而濟之？辟，與辟同。焉，于虔反。辟，辟除也，如周禮閽人為之辟之辟。言能平其政，則出行之際，辟除行人，使之避己，亦不為過。況國中之水，當涉者眾，豈能悉以乘輿濟之哉？故為政者，每人而悅之，日亦不足矣。”言每人皆欲致私恩以悅其意，則人多日少，亦不足于用矣。諸葛武侯嘗言，“治世以大德，不以小惠”，得孟子之意矣。
孟子告齊宣王曰：“君之視臣如手足；則臣視君如腹心；君之視臣如犬馬，則臣視君如國人；君之視臣如土芥，則臣視君如寇讎。”孔氏曰：“宣王之遇臣下，恩禮衰薄，至于昔者所進，今日不知其亡；則其于群臣，可謂邈然無敬矣。故孟子告之以此。手足腹心，相待一體，恩義之至也。如犬馬則輕賤之，然猶有豢養之恩焉。國人，猶言路人，言無怨無德也。土芥，則踐踏之而已矣，斬艾之而已矣，其賤惡之又甚矣。寇讎之報，不亦宜乎？”王曰：“禮，為舊君有服，何如斯可為服矣？”為，去聲，下為之同。儀禮曰：“以道去君而未絕者，服齊衰三月。”王疑孟子之言太甚，故以此禮為問。曰：“諫行言聽，膏澤下于民；有故而去，則君使人導之出疆，又先于其所往；去三年不反，然后收其田里。此之謂三有禮焉。如此，則為之服矣。導之出疆，防剽掠也。先于其所往，稱道其賢，欲其收用之也。三年而后收其田祿里居，前此猶望其歸也。今也為臣。諫則不行，言則不聽；膏澤不下于民；有故而去，則君搏執之，又極之于其所往；去之日，遂收其田里。此之謂寇讎。寇讎何服之有？”極，窮也。窮之于其所往之國，如晉錮欒盈也。潘興嗣曰：“孟子告齊王之言，猶孔子對定公之意也；而其言有跡，不若孔子之渾然也。蓋圣賢之別如此。”楊氏曰：“君臣以義合者也。故孟子為齊王深言報施之道，使知為君者不可不以禮遇其臣耳。若君子之自處，則豈處其薄乎？孟子曰‘王庶幾改之，予日望之’，君子之言蓋如此。”
孟子曰：“無罪而殺士，則大夫可以去；無罪而戮民，則士可以徙。”言君子當見幾而作，禍已迫，則不能去矣。
孟子曰：“君仁莫不仁，君義莫不義。”張氏曰：“此章重出。然上篇主言人臣當以正君為急，此章直戒人君，義亦小異耳。”
孟子曰：“非禮之禮，非義之義，大人弗為。”察理不精，故有二者之蔽。大人則隨事而順理，因時而處宜，豈為是哉？
孟(meng)子(zi)曰：“中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)養(yang)不(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)，才(cai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)養(yang)不(bu)(bu)才(cai)，故人樂(le)有賢(xian)父(fu)兄(xiong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。如中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)棄不(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)，才(cai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)棄不(bu)(bu)才(cai)，則賢(xian)不(bu)(bu)肖之(zhi)相去，其閑不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)以(yi)(yi)寸。”樂(le)，音洛(luo)。無(wu)過不(bu)(bu)及之(zhi)謂(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)，足以(yi)(yi)有為(wei)之(zhi)謂(wei)才(cai)。養(yang)，謂(wei)涵育熏陶，俟其自化也(ye)(ye)(ye)。賢(xian)，謂(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)而(er)才(cai)者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。樂(le)有賢(xian)父(fu)兄(xiong)者(zhe)，樂(le)其終能(neng)(neng)成己也(ye)(ye)(ye)。為(wei)父(fu)兄(xiong)者(zhe)，若以(yi)(yi)子(zi)弟之(zhi)不(bu)(bu)賢(xian)，遂遽絕之(zhi)而(er)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)教，則吾亦過中(zhong)(zhong)而(er)不(bu)(bu)才(cai)矣。其相去之(zhi)閑，能(neng)(neng)幾何哉？

孟子曰：“人有不為也，而后可以有為。”程子曰：“有不為，知所擇也。惟能有不為，是以可以有為。無所不為者，安能有所為邪？”
孟子曰：“言人之不善，當如后患何？”此亦有為而言。
孟子曰：“仲尼不為已甚者。”已，猶太也。楊氏曰：“言圣人所為，本分之外，不加毫末。非孟子真知孔子，不能以是稱之。”
孟子曰：“大人者，言不必信，行不必果，惟義所在。”行，去聲。必，猶期也。大人言行，不先期于信果，但義之所在，則必從之，卒亦未嘗不信果也。尹氏云：“主于義，則信果在其中矣；主于信果，則未必合義。”王勉曰：“若不合于義而不信不果，則妄人爾。”
孟子曰：“大人者，不失其赤子之心者也。”大人之心，通達萬變；赤子之心，則純一無偽而已。然大人之所以為大人，正以其不為物誘，而有以全其純一無偽之本然。是以擴而充之，則無所不知，無所不能，而極其大也。
孟子曰：“養生者不足以當大事，惟送死可以當大事。”養，去聲。事生固當愛敬，然亦人道之常耳；至于送死，則人道之大變。孝子之事親，舍是無以用其力矣。故尤以為大事，而必誠必信，不使少有后日之悔也。
孟子曰：“君子深造之以道，欲其自得之也。自得之，則居之安；居之安，則資之深；資之深，則取之左右逢其原，故君子欲其自得之也。”造，七到反。造，詣也。深造之者，進而不已之意。道，則其進為之方也。資，猶借也。左右，身之兩旁，言至近而非一處也。逢，猶值也。原，本也，水之來處也。言君子務于深造而必以其道者，欲其有所持循，以俟夫默識心通，自然而得之于己也。自得于己，則所以處之者安固而不搖；處之安固，則所借者深遠而無盡；所借者深，則日用之閑取之至近，無所往而不值其所資之本也。程子曰“學不言而自得者，乃自得也。有安排布置者，皆非自得也。然必潛心積慮，優游饜飫于其閑，然后可以有得。若急迫求之，則是私己而已，終不足以得之也。”
孟子曰：“博學而詳說之，將以反說約也。”言所以博學于文，而詳說其理者，非欲以夸多而斗靡也；欲其融會貫通，有以反而說到至約之地耳。蓋承上章之意而言，學非欲其徒博，而亦不可以徑約也。
孟子曰：“以善服人者，未有能服人者也；以善養人，然后能服天下。天下不心服而王者，未之有也。”王，去聲。服人者，欲以取勝于人；養人者，欲其同歸于善。蓋心之公私小異。而人之向背頓殊，學者于此不可以不審也。
孟子曰：“言無實不祥。不祥之實，蔽賢者當之。”或曰：“天下之言無有實不祥者，惟蔽賢為不祥之實。”或曰：“言而無實者不祥，故蔽賢為不祥之實。”二說不同，未知孰是，疑或有闕文焉。
徐子曰：“仲尼亟稱于水，曰：‘水哉，水哉！’何取于水也？”亟，去吏反。亟，數也。水哉水哉，嘆美之辭。孟子曰：“原泉混混，不舍晝夜。盈科而后進，放乎四海，有本者如是，是之取爾。舍、放，皆上聲。原泉，有原之水也。混混，涌出之貌。不舍晝夜，言常出不竭也。盈，滿也。科，坎也。言其進以漸也。于，至也。言水有原本，不已而漸進以至于海；如人有實行，則亦不已而漸進以至于極也。茍為無本，七八月之閑雨集，溝澮皆盈；其涸也，可立而待也。故聲聞過情，君子恥之。”澮，古外反。涸，下各反。聞，去聲。集，聚也。澮，田閑水道也。涸，干也。如人無實行，而暴得?譽，不能長久也。聲聞，名譽也。情，實也。恥者，恥其無實而將不繼也。林氏曰：“徐子之為人，必有躐等干譽之病，故孟子以是答之。”鄒氏曰：“孔子之稱水，其旨微矣。孟子獨取此者，自徐子之所急者言之也。孔子嘗以聞達告子張矣，達者有本之謂也。聞則無本之謂也。然則學者其可以不務本乎？”
孟子曰：“人之所以異于禽于獸者幾希，庶民去之，君子存之。幾希，少也。庶，眾也。人物之生，同得天地之理以為性，同得天地之氣以為形；其不同者，獨人于其間得形氣之正，而能有以全其性，為少異耳。雖曰少異，然人物之所以分，實在于此。眾人不知此而去之，則名雖為人，而實無以異于禽獸。君子知此而存之，是以戰兢惕厲，而卒能有以全其所受之理也。舜明于庶物，察于人倫，由仁義行，非行仁義也。”物，事物也。明，則有以識其理也。人倫，說見前篇。察，則有以盡其理之詳也。物理固非度外，而人倫尤切于身，故其知之有詳略之異。在舜則皆生而知之也。由仁義行，非行仁義，則仁義已根于心，而所行皆從此出。非以仁義為美，而后勉強行之，所謂安而行之也。此則圣人之事，不待存之，而無不存矣。尹氏曰“存之者，君子也；存者，圣人也。君子所存，存天理也。由仁義行，存者能之。”
孟子(zi)曰(yue)：“禹(yu)惡(e)旨(zhi)酒(jiu)而(er)(er)(er)好善言。惡(e)、好，皆去(qu)聲。戰國策曰(yue)“儀狄作酒(jiu)，禹(yu)飲而(er)(er)(er)甘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，曰(yue)‘后(hou)世必有以(yi)(yi)酒(jiu)亡(wang)其(qi)(qi)國者(zhe)’，遂疏儀狄而(er)(er)(er)絕旨(zhi)酒(jiu)。”書曰(yue)：“禹(yu)拜昌言。”湯執(zhi)中，立賢(xian)(xian)無(wu)(wu)方。執(zhi)，謂守而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)失。中者(zhe)，無(wu)(wu)過不(bu)(bu)及之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名。方，猶類(lei)也(ye)(ye)。立賢(xian)(xian)無(wu)(wu)方，惟賢(xian)(xian)則立之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)位，不(bu)(bu)問其(qi)(qi)類(lei)也(ye)(ye)。文(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)視(shi)民(min)如傷，望道而(er)(er)(er)未(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)見(jian)。而(er)(er)(er)，讀為(wei)如，古字通用。民(min)已(yi)安矣(yi)，而(er)(er)(er)視(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)猶若(ruo)有傷；道已(yi)至矣(yi)，而(er)(er)(er)望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)猶若(ruo)未(wei)見(jian)。圣(sheng)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愛民(min)深(shen)，而(er)(er)(er)求道切(qie)如此。不(bu)(bu)自滿足(zu)，終日干干之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心也(ye)(ye)。武(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)泄(xie)邇(er)，不(bu)(bu)忘遠。泄(xie)，狎也(ye)(ye)。邇(er)者(zhe)人(ren)所(suo)(suo)易(yi)狎而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)泄(xie)，遠者(zhe)人(ren)所(suo)(suo)易(yi)忘而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)忘，德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛，仁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至也(ye)(ye)。周公思(si)兼三王(wang)(wang)(wang)，以(yi)(yi)施四事；其(qi)(qi)有不(bu)(bu)合者(zhe)，仰而(er)(er)(er)思(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，夜以(yi)(yi)繼日；幸而(er)(er)(er)得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，坐以(yi)(yi)待旦。”三王(wang)(wang)(wang)：禹(yu)也(ye)(ye)，湯也(ye)(ye)，文(wen)武(wu)也(ye)(ye)。四事，上(shang)四條(tiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)(ye)。時(shi)異勢(shi)殊，故其(qi)(qi)事或(huo)有所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)合，思(si)而(er)(er)(er)得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則其(qi)(qi)理初不(bu)(bu)異矣(yi)。坐以(yi)(yi)待旦，急于(yu)(yu)行也(ye)(ye)。此承上(shang)章言舜，因歷(li)敘群圣(sheng)以(yi)(yi)繼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；而(er)(er)(er)各舉其(qi)(qi)一事，以(yi)(yi)見(jian)其(qi)(qi)憂勤惕(ti)厲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。蓋天理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)常存(cun)，而(er)(er)(er)人(ren)心之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)死也(ye)(ye)。程(cheng)子(zi)曰(yue)：“孟子(zi)所(suo)(suo)稱，各因其(qi)(qi)一事而(er)(er)(er)言，非謂武(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)能執(zhi)中立賢(xian)(xian)，湯卻(que)泄(xie)邇(er)忘遠也(ye)(ye)。人(ren)謂各舉其(qi)(qi)盛，亦(yi)(yi)非也(ye)(ye)，圣(sheng)人(ren)亦(yi)(yi)無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)盛。”

孟子曰：“王者之跡熄而詩亡，詩亡然后春秋作。王者之跡熄，謂平王東遷，而政教號令不及于天下也。詩亡，謂黍離降為國風而雅亡也。春秋，魯史記之名。孔子因而筆削之。始于魯隱公之元年，實平王之四十九年也。晉之乘，楚之梼杌，魯之春秋，一也。乘，去聲。梼，音逃。杌，音兀。乘義未詳。趙氏以為興于田賦乘馬之事。或曰：“取記載當時行事而名之也。”梼杌，惡獸名，古者因以為兇人之號，取記惡垂戒之義也。春秋者，記事者必表年以首事。年有四時，故錯舉以為所記之名也。古者列國皆有史官，掌記時事。此三者皆其所記冊書之名也。其事則齊桓、晉文，其文則史。孔子曰：‘其義則丘竊取之矣。’”春秋之時，五霸迭興，而桓文為盛。史，史官也。竊取者，謙辭也。公羊傳作“其辭則丘有罪焉爾”，意亦如此。蓋言斷之在己，所謂筆則筆、削則削，游夏不能贊一辭者也。尹氏曰：“言孔子作春秋，亦以史之文載當時之事也，而其義則定天下之邪正，為百王之大法。”此又承上章歷敘群圣，因以孔子之事繼之；而孔子之事莫大于春秋，故特言之。
孟子曰：“君子之澤五世而斬，小人之澤五世而斬。澤，猶言流風余韻也。父子相繼為一世，三十年亦為一世。斬，絕也。大約君子小人之澤，五世而絕也。楊氏曰：“四世而緦，服之窮也；五世袒免，殺同姓也；六世親屬竭矣。服窮則遺澤寖微，故五世而斬。”予未得為孔子徒也，予私淑諸人也。”私，猶竊也。淑，善也。李氏以為方言是也。人，謂子思之徒也。自孔子卒至孟子游梁時，方百四十余年，而孟子已老。然則孟子之生，去孔子未百年也。故孟子言予雖未得親受業于孔子之門，然圣人之澤尚存，猶有能傳其學者。故我得聞孔子之道于人，而私竊以善其身，蓋推尊孔子而自謙之辭也。此又承上三章，歷敘舜禹，至于周孔，而以是終之。其辭雖謙，然其所以自任之重，亦有不得而辭者矣。
孟子曰：“可以取，可以無取，取傷廉；可以與，可以無與，與傷惠；可以死，可以無死，死傷勇。”先言可以者，略見而自許之辭也，后言可以無者，深察而自疑之辭也。過取固害于廉，然過與亦反害其惠，過死亦反害其勇，蓋過猶不及之意也。林氏曰：“公西華受五秉之粟，是傷廉也；冉子與之，是傷惠也；子路之死于衛，是傷勇也。”
逄蒙學射于羿，盡羿之道，思天下惟羿為愈己，于是殺羿。孟子曰：“是亦羿有罪焉。”公明儀曰：“宜若無罪焉。”曰：“薄乎云爾，惡得無罪？逄，薄江反。惡，平聲。羿，有窮后羿也。逄蒙，羿之家眾也。羿善射，篡夏自立，后為家眾所殺。愈，猶勝也。薄，言其罪差薄耳。鄭人使子濯孺子侵衛，衛使庾公之斯追之。子濯孺子曰：‘今日我疾作，不可以執弓，吾死矣夫！’問其仆曰：‘追我者誰也？’其仆曰：‘庾公之斯也。’曰：‘吾生矣。’其仆曰：‘庾公之斯，衛之善射者也，夫子曰“吾生”，何謂也？’曰：‘庾公之斯學射于尹公之他，尹公之他學射于我。夫尹公之他，端人也，其取友必端矣。’庾公之斯至，曰：‘夫子何為不執弓？’曰：‘今日我疾作，不可以執弓。’曰：‘小人學射于尹公之他，尹公之他學射于夫子。我不忍以夫子之道反害夫子。雖然，今日之事，君事也，我不敢廢。’抽矢扣輪，去其金，發乘矢而后反。”他，徒何反。矣夫、夫尹之夫，并音扶。去，上聲。乘，去聲。之，語助也。仆，御也。尹公他亦衛人也。端，正也。孺子以尹公正人；知其取友心正；故度庾公必不害己。小人，庾公自稱也。金，鏃也。扣輪出鏃，令不害人，乃以射也。乘矢，四矢也。孟子言使羿如子濯孺子得尹公他而教之，則必無逄蒙之禍。然夷羿篡弒之賊，蒙乃逆儔；庾斯雖全私恩，亦廢公義。其事皆無足論者，孟子蓋特以取友而言耳。
孟子曰：“西子蒙不潔，則人皆掩鼻而過之。西子，美婦人。蒙，猶冒也。不潔，污穢之物也。掩鼻，惡其臭也。雖有惡人，齊戒沐浴，則可以祀上帝。”齊，側皆反。惡人，丑貌者也。尹氏曰：“此章戒人之喪善，而勉人以自新也。”
孟子曰：“天下之言性也，則故而已矣。故者以利為本。性者，人物所得以生之理也。故者，其已然之跡，若所謂天下之故者也。利，猶順也，語其自然之勢也。言事物之理，雖若無形而難知；然其發見之已然，則必有跡而易見。故天下之言性者，但言其故而理自明，猶所謂善言天者必有驗于人也。然其所謂故者，又必本其自然之勢；如人之善、水之下，非有所矯揉造作而然者也。若人之為惡、水之在山，則非自然之故矣。所惡于智者，為其鑿也。如智者若禹之行水也，則無惡于智矣。禹之行水也，行其所無事也。如智者亦行其所無事，則智亦大矣。惡、為，皆去聲。天下之理，本皆順利，小智之人，務為穿鑿，所以失之。禹之行水，則因其自然之勢而導之，未嘗以私智穿鑿而有所事，是以水得其潤下之性而不為害也。天之高也，星辰之遠也，茍求其故，千歲之日至，可坐而致也。”天雖高，星辰雖遠，然求其已然之跡，則其運有常。雖千歲之久，其日至之度，可坐而得。況于事物之近，若因其故而求之，豈有不得其理者，而何以穿鑿為哉？必言日至者，造歷者以上古十一月甲子朔夜半冬至為歷元也。程子曰：“此章專為智而發。”愚謂事物之理，莫非自然。順而循之，則為大智。若用小智而鑿以自私，則害于性而反為不智。程子之言，可謂深得此章之旨矣。
公行子有子之喪，右師往吊，入門，有進而與右師言者，有就右師之位而與右師言者。公行子，齊大夫。右師，王驩也。孟子不與右師言，右師不悅曰：“諸君子皆與驩言，孟子獨不與驩言，是簡驩也。”簡，略也孟子聞之，曰：“禮，朝廷不歷位而相與言，不踰階而相揖也。我欲行禮，子敖以我為簡，不亦異乎？”朝，音潮。是時齊卿大夫以君命吊，各有位次。若周禮，凡有爵者之喪禮，則職喪?其禁令，序其事，故云朝廷也。歷，更涉也。位，他人之位也。右師未就位而進與之言，則右師歷己之位矣；右師已就位而就與之言，則己歷右師之位矣。孟子右師之位又不同階，孟子不敢失此禮，故不與右師言也。
孟子曰：“君子所以異于人者，以其存心也。君子以仁存心，以禮存心。以仁禮存心，言以是存于心而不忘也。仁者愛人，有禮者敬人。此仁禮之施。愛人者人恒愛之，敬人者人恒敬之。恒，胡登反。此仁禮之驗。有人于此，其待我以橫逆，則君子必自反也：我必不仁也，必無禮也，此物奚宜至哉？橫，去聲，下同。橫逆，謂強暴不順理也。物，事也。其自反而仁矣，自反而有禮矣，其橫逆由是也，君子必自反也：我必不忠。由與猶同，下放此。忠者，盡己之謂。我必不忠，恐所以愛敬人者，有所不盡其心也。自反而忠矣，其橫逆由是也，君子曰：‘此亦妄人也已矣。如此則與禽獸奚擇哉？于禽獸又何難焉？’難，去聲。奚擇，何異也。又何難焉，言不足與之校也。是故君子有終身之憂，無一朝之患也。乃若所憂則有之：舜人也，我亦人也。舜為法于天下，可傳于后世，我由未免為鄉人也，是則可憂也。憂之如何？如舜而已矣。若夫君子所患則亡矣。非仁無為也，非禮無行也。如有一朝之患，則君子不患矣。”夫，音扶。鄉人，鄉里之常人也。君子存心不茍，故無后憂。
禹、稷當平世，三過其門而不入，孔子賢之。事見前篇。顏子當亂世，居于陋巷。一簞食，一瓢飲。人不堪其憂，顏子不改其樂，孔子賢之。食，音嗣。樂，音洛。孟子曰：“禹、稷、顏回同道。圣賢之道，進則救民，退則修己，其心一而已矣。禹思天下有溺者，由己溺之也；稷思天下有饑者，由己饑之也，是以如是其急也。由，與猶同。禹稷身任其職，故以為己責而救之急也。禹、稷、顏子易地則皆然。圣賢之心無所偏倚，隨感而應，各盡其道。故使禹稷居顏子之地，則亦能樂顏子之樂；使顏子居禹稷之任，亦能憂禹稷之憂也。今有同室之人斗者，救之，雖被發纓冠而救之，可也。不暇束發，而結纓往救，言急也。以喻禹稷。鄉鄰有斗者，被發纓冠而往救之，則惑也，雖閉戶可也。”喻顏子也。此章言圣賢心無不同，事則所遭或異；然處之各當其理，是乃所以為同也。尹氏曰：“當其可之謂時，前圣后圣，其心一也，故所遇皆盡善。”
公都子曰：“匡章，通國皆稱不孝焉。夫子與之游，又從而禮貌之，敢問何也？”匡章，齊人。通國，盡一國之人也。禮貌，敬之也。孟子曰：“世俗所謂不孝者五：惰其四支，不顧父母之養，一不孝也；博弈好飲酒，不顧父母之養，二不孝也；好貨財，私妻子，不顧父母之養，三不孝也；從耳目之欲，以為父母戮，四不孝也；好勇斗很，以危父母，五不孝也。章子有一于是乎？好、養、從皆去聲。很，胡懇反。戮，羞辱也。很，忿戾也。夫章子，子父責善而不相遇也。夫，音扶。遇，合也。相責以善而不相合，故為父所逐也。責善，朋友之道也；父子責善，賊恩之大者。賊，害也。朋友當相責以善。父子行之，則害天性之恩也。夫章子，●不欲有夫妻子母之屬哉？為得罪于父，不得近。出妻屏子，終身不養焉。其設心以為不若是，是則罪之大者，是則章子已矣。夫章之夫，音扶。為，去聲。屏，必井反。養，去聲。言章子非不欲身有夫妻之配、子有子母之屬，但為身不得近于父，故不敢受妻子之養，以自責罰。其心以為不如此，則其罪益大也。此章之旨，于眾所惡而必察焉，可以見圣賢至公至仁之心矣。楊氏曰：“章子之行，孟子非取之也，特哀其志而不與之絕耳。”
曾子居武城，有越寇。或曰：“寇至，盍去諸？”曰：“無寓人于我室，毀傷其薪木。”寇退，則曰：“修我墻屋，我將反。”寇退，曾子反。左右曰：“待先生，如此其忠且敬也。寇至則先去以為民望，寇退則反，殆于不可。”沈猶行曰：“是非汝所知也。昔沈猶有負芻之禍，從先生者七十人，未有與焉。”與，去聲。武城，魯邑名。盍，何不也。左右，曾子之門人也。忠敬，言武城之大夫事曾子，忠誠恭敬也。為民望，言使民望而效之。沈猶行，弟子姓名也。言曾子嘗舍于沈猶氏，時有負芻者作亂，來攻沈猶氏，曾子率其弟子去之，不與其難。言師賓不與臣同。子思居于衛，有齊寇。或曰：“寇至，盍去諸？”子思曰：“如急去，君誰與守？”言所以不去之意如此。孟子曰：“曾子、子思同道。曾子，師也，父兄也；子思，臣也，微也。曾子、子思易地則皆然。”微，猶賤也。尹氏曰：“或遠害，或死難，其事不同者，所處之地不同也。君子之心，不系于利害，惟其是而已，故易地則皆能為之。”孔氏曰：“古之圣賢，言行不同，事業亦異，而其道未始不同也。學者知此，則因所遇而應之；若權衡之稱物，低昂屢變，而不害其為同也。”
儲子曰：“王使人?夫子，果有以異于人乎？”孟子曰：“何以異于人哉？堯舜與人同耳。”?，古莧反。儲子，齊人也。?，竊視也。圣人亦人耳，豈有異于人哉？
齊人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)一妻(qi)(qi)一妾(qie)而(er)(er)處室者(zhe)(zhe)，其良人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)出，則(ze)必(bi)饜(yan)酒(jiu)肉(rou)而(er)(er)后反(fan)。其妻(qi)(qi)問(wen)所(suo)與飲食(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)，則(ze)盡(jin)富(fu)貴(gui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其妻(qi)(qi)告其妾(qie)曰：“良人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)出，則(ze)必(bi)饜(yan)酒(jiu)肉(rou)而(er)(er)后反(fan)；問(wen)其與飲食(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)，盡(jin)富(fu)貴(gui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，而(er)(er)未(wei)嘗有(you)(you)顯者(zhe)(zhe)來(lai)，吾將?良人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”蚤起，施(shi)(shi)從(cong)良人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，遍國中(zhong)無與立談(tan)者(zhe)(zhe)。卒(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)東郭墦(fan)閑，之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭者(zhe)(zhe)，乞(qi)其余；不足(zu)，又顧(gu)而(er)(er)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)他，此其為饜(yan)足(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其妻(qi)(qi)歸，告其妾(qie)曰：“良人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)，所(suo)仰望而(er)(er)終身也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今若(ruo)此。”與其妾(qie)訕其良人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，而(er)(er)相泣(qi)(qi)于中(zhong)庭。而(er)(er)良人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)未(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)知(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，施(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)從(cong)外來(lai)，驕其妻(qi)(qi)妾(qie)。施(shi)(shi)，音迤(yi)，又音易。墦(fan)，音燔。施(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)，如字(zi)。章(zhang)首當有(you)(you)“孟子曰”字(zi)，闕(que)文(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。良人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，夫(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。饜(yan)，飽也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。顯者(zhe)(zhe)，富(fu)貴(gui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。施(shi)(shi)，邪施(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)行，不使良人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。墦(fan)，冢也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。顧(gu)，望也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。訕，怨詈也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。施(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)，喜(xi)悅自得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。由君子觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則(ze)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)求富(fu)貴(gui)利(li)達(da)者(zhe)(zhe)，其妻(qi)(qi)妾(qie)不羞(xiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，而(er)(er)不相泣(qi)(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)，幾(ji)希(xi)矣。孟子言自君子而(er)(er)觀，今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)求富(fu)貴(gui)者(zhe)(zhe)，皆(jie)若(ruo)此人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)耳。使其妻(qi)(qi)妾(qie)見之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不羞(xiu)而(er)(er)泣(qi)(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)少矣，言可羞(xiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。趙氏曰：“言今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)求富(fu)貴(gui)者(zhe)(zhe)，皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)枉曲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，昏夜乞(qi)哀(ai)以(yi)(yi)求之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)驕人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)于白日，與斯人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)何以(yi)(yi)異哉(zai)？”

孟子卷九　萬章章句上

凡九章。
萬章問曰：“舜往于田，號泣于旻天，何為其號泣也？”孟子曰：“怨慕也。”號，平聲。舜往于田，耕歷山時也。仁覆閔下，謂之旻天。號泣于旻天，呼天而泣也。事見虞書大禹謨篇。怨慕，怨己之不得其親而思慕也萬章曰：“父母愛之，喜而不忘；父母惡之，勞而不怨。然則舜怨乎？”曰：“長息問于公明高曰：‘舜往于田，則吾既得聞命矣；號泣于旻天，于父母，則吾不知也。’公明高曰：‘是非爾所知也。’夫公明高以孝子之心，為不若是恝，我竭力耕田，共為子職而已矣，父母之不我愛，于我何哉？惡，去聲。夫，音扶。恝，苦八反。共，平聲。長息，公明高弟子。公明高，曾子弟子。于父母，亦書辭，言呼父母而泣也。恝，無愁之貌。于我何哉，自責不知己有何罪耳，非怨父母也。楊氏曰：“非孟子深知舜之心，不能為此言。蓋舜惟恐不順于父母，未嘗自以為孝也；若自以為孝，則非孝矣。”帝使其子九男二女，百官牛羊倉廩備，以事舜于畎畝之中。天下之士多就之者，帝將胥天下而遷之焉。為不順于父母，如窮人無所歸。為，去聲。帝，堯也。史記云：“二女妻之，以觀其內；九男事之，以觀其外。”又言：“一年所居成聚，二年成邑，三年成都”是天下之士就之也。胥，相視也。遷之，移以與之也。如窮人之無所歸，言其怨慕迫切之甚也。天下之士悅之，人之所欲也，而不足以解憂；好色，人之所欲，妻帝之二女，而不足以解憂；富，人之所欲，富有天下，而不足以解憂；貴，人之所欲，貴為天子，而不足以解憂。人悅之、好色、富貴，無足以解憂者，惟順于父母，可以解憂。孟子推舜之心如此，以解上文之意。極天下之欲，不足以解憂；而惟順于父母，可以解憂。孟子真知舜之心哉！人少，則慕父母；知好色，則慕少艾；有妻子，則慕妻子；仕則慕君，不得于君則熱中。大孝終身慕父母。五十而慕者，予于大舜見之矣。”少、好，皆去聲。言常人之情，因物有遷，惟圣人為能不失其本心也。艾，美好也。楚辭、戰國策所謂幼艾，義與此同。不得，失意也。熱中，躁急心熱也。言五十者，舜攝政時年五十也。五十而慕，則其終身慕可知矣。此章言舜不以得眾人之所欲為己樂，而以不順乎親之心為己憂。非圣人之盡性，其孰能之？
萬(wan)(wan)章(zhang)(zhang)問曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“詩(shi)云：‘娶(qu)妻(qi)如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何？必告(gao)(gao)(gao)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)。’信斯(si)言(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，宜莫如舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)。舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)告(gao)(gao)(gao)而(er)(er)娶(qu)，何也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“告(gao)(gao)(gao)則(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)娶(qu)。男女居室，人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)倫(lun)(lun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。如告(gao)(gao)(gao)，則(ze)(ze)廢(fei)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)倫(lun)(lun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)懟(dui)(dui)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)，是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)告(gao)(gao)(gao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”懟(dui)(dui)，直(zhi)類反。詩(shi)齊國(guo)風南(nan)山之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。信，誠(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，誠(cheng)(cheng)如此詩(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。懟(dui)(dui)，讎怨(yuan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)頑(wan)母(mu)(mu)嚚(yin)，常(chang)欲(yu)(yu)害舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)。告(gao)(gao)(gao)則(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)聽其(qi)(qi)(qi)娶(qu)，是(shi)廢(fei)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)倫(lun)(lun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)讎怨(yuan)于父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。萬(wan)(wan)章(zhang)(zhang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)告(gao)(gao)(gao)而(er)(er)娶(qu)，則(ze)(ze)吾既(ji)(ji)得(de)聞命(ming)矣(yi)；帝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)告(gao)(gao)(gao)，何也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“帝亦(yi)(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)告(gao)(gao)(gao)焉(yan)則(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)妻(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”妻(qi)，去(qu)(qu)聲。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)女為人(ren)(ren)妻(qi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)妻(qi)。程子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“堯妻(qi)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)告(gao)(gao)(gao)者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)君(jun)治(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)已，如今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官(guan)府治(zhi)(zhi)民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)私者(zhe)亦(yi)(yi)多(duo)。”萬(wan)(wan)章(zhang)(zhang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)使(shi)(shi)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)完廩(lin)(lin)，捐階，瞽瞍(sou)焚廩(lin)(lin)。使(shi)(shi)浚井(jing)(jing)，出(chu)(chu)，從(cong)而(er)(er)揜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘謨蓋(gai)(gai)都(dou)君(jun)咸我績(ji)。牛羊父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)，倉廩(lin)(lin)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)，干戈朕，琴(qin)(qin)(qin)朕，弤(di)(di)朕，二嫂使(shi)(shi)治(zhi)(zhi)朕棲(qi)。’象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)往入舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)宮，舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)在床(chuang)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)。象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘郁陶思(si)君(jun)爾。’忸(niu)怩(ni)。舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘惟茲(zi)臣庶(shu)，汝其(qi)(qi)(qi)于予治(zhi)(zhi)。’不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)識舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)將(jiang)殺己(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“奚而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)憂亦(yi)(yi)憂，象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)喜(xi)亦(yi)(yi)喜(xi)。”弤(di)(di)，都(dou)禮反。忸(niu)，女六反。怩(ni)，音尼。與(yu)(yu)，平(ping)聲。完，治(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。捐，去(qu)(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。階，梯也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。揜，蓋(gai)(gai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。按(an)史記，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“使(shi)(shi)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)上涂廩(lin)(lin)，瞽瞍(sou)從(cong)下縱(zong)(zong)火焚廩(lin)(lin)，舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)乃以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兩笠(li)自(zi)捍而(er)(er)下去(qu)(qu)，得(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)死(si)。后又(you)使(shi)(shi)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)穿井(jing)(jing)，舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)穿井(jing)(jing)為匿(ni)空(kong)旁出(chu)(chu)。舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)既(ji)(ji)入深，瞽瞍(sou)與(yu)(yu)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)共下土實井(jing)(jing)，舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)從(cong)匿(ni)空(kong)中出(chu)(chu)去(qu)(qu)。”即(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)異母(mu)(mu)弟也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。謨，謀也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蓋(gai)(gai)，蓋(gai)(gai)井(jing)(jing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)居三年成都(dou)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都(dou)君(jun)。咸，皆也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。績(ji)，功也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)既(ji)(ji)入井(jing)(jing)，象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)已出(chu)(chu)，欲(yu)(yu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)殺舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)為己(ji)(ji)功也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。干，盾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。戈，戟(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。琴(qin)(qin)(qin)，舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)彈五(wu)弦琴(qin)(qin)(qin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。弤(di)(di)，琱弓也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)欲(yu)(yu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)牛羊倉廩(lin)(lin)與(yu)(yu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)，而(er)(er)自(zi)取此物也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。二嫂，堯二女也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。棲(qi)，床(chuang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)欲(yu)(yu)使(shi)(shi)為己(ji)(ji)妻(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)往舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)宮，欲(yu)(yu)分取所(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)，見(jian)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)坐在床(chuang)彈琴(qin)(qin)(qin)，蓋(gai)(gai)既(ji)(ji)出(chu)(chu)即(ji)潛歸其(qi)(qi)(qi)宮也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郁陶，思(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚而(er)(er)氣不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)伸也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)言(yan)己(ji)(ji)思(si)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚，故(gu)(gu)(gu)來見(jian)爾。忸(niu)怩(ni)，慚色也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。臣庶(shu)，謂(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)百官(guan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)素憎舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)至其(qi)(qi)(qi)宮，故(gu)(gu)(gu)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)見(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)來而(er)(er)喜(xi)，使(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)臣庶(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)非不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)將(jiang)殺己(ji)(ji)，但見(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)憂則(ze)(ze)憂，見(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)喜(xi)則(ze)(ze)喜(xi)，兄弟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情，自(zi)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能已耳。萬(wan)(wan)章(zhang)(zhang)所(suo)(suo)(suo)言(yan)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)無不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可知(zhi)(zhi)，然(ran)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心，則(ze)(ze)孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)，他亦(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足辨也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。程子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)憂亦(yi)(yi)憂，象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)喜(xi)亦(yi)(yi)喜(xi)，人(ren)(ren)情天理(li)，于是(shi)為至。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“然(ran)則(ze)(ze)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)偽(wei)喜(xi)者(zhe)與(yu)(yu)？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“否。昔(xi)者(zhe)有(you)(you)饋生魚于鄭子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產使(shi)(shi)校人(ren)(ren)畜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)池(chi)。校人(ren)(ren)烹(peng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，反命(ming)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘始舍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圉圉焉(yan)，少則(ze)(ze)洋(yang)洋(yang)焉(yan)，攸(you)然(ran)而(er)(er)逝(shi)。’子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)‘得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)哉(zai)！得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)哉(zai)！’校人(ren)(ren)出(chu)(chu)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘孰(shu)謂(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產智？予既(ji)(ji)烹(peng)而(er)(er)食之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)哉(zai)？得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)哉(zai)。’故(gu)(gu)(gu)君(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)可欺以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)方(fang)(fang)，難罔(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)非其(qi)(qi)(qi)道(dao)。彼以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)愛兄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)來，故(gu)(gu)(gu)誠(cheng)(cheng)信而(er)(er)喜(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，奚偽(wei)焉(yan)？”與(yu)(yu)，平(ping)聲。校，音效，又(you)音教。畜，許(xu)六反。校人(ren)(ren)，主池(chi)沼小吏也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圉圉，困(kun)而(er)(er)未(wei)紓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。洋(yang)洋(yang)，則(ze)(ze)稍縱(zong)(zong)矣(yi)。攸(you)然(ran)而(er)(er)逝(shi)者(zhe)，自(zi)得(de)而(er)(er)遠去(qu)(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。方(fang)(fang)，亦(yi)(yi)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。罔(wang)，蒙蔽也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。欺以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)方(fang)(fang)，謂(wei)(wei)誑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)理(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)；罔(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)非其(qi)(qi)(qi)道(dao)，謂(wei)(wei)昧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)理(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)無。象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)愛兄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)來，所(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)欺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)方(fang)(fang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)本不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)偽(wei)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)實喜(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，何偽(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)？此章(zhang)(zhang)又(you)言(yan)舜(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)遭人(ren)(ren)倫(lun)(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變，而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失天理(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常(chang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

萬章問曰：“象日以殺舜為事，立為天子，則放之，何也？”孟子曰：“封之也，或曰放焉。”放，猶置也；置之于此，使不得去也。萬章疑舜何不誅之，孟子言舜實封之，而或者誤以為放也。萬章曰：“舜流共工于幽州，放驩兜于崇山，殺三苗于三危，殛鯀于羽山，四罪而天下咸服，誅不仁也。象至不仁，封之有庳。有庳之人奚罪焉？仁人固如是乎？在他人則誅之，在弟則封之。”曰：“仁人之于弟也，不藏怒焉，不宿怨焉，親愛之而已矣。親之欲其貴也，愛之欲其富也。封之有庳，富貴之也。身為天子，弟為匹夫，可謂親愛之乎？”庳，音鼻。流，徙也。共工，官名。驩兜，人名。二人比周，相與為黨。三苗，國名，負固不服。殺，殺其君也。殛，誅也。鯀，禹父名，方命圮族，治水無功，皆不仁之人也。幽州、崇山、三危、羽山、有庳，皆地名也。或曰：“今道州鼻亭，即有庳之地也。”未知是否？萬章疑舜不當封象，使彼有庳之民無罪而遭象之虐，非仁人之心也。藏怒，謂藏匿其怒。宿怨，謂留蓄其怨。“敢問或曰放者，何謂也？”曰：“象不得有為于其國，天子使吏治其國，而納其貢稅焉，故謂之放，豈得暴彼民哉？雖然，欲常常而見之，故源源而來。‘不及貢，以政接于有庳’，此之謂也。”孟子言象雖封為有庳之君，然不得治其國，天子使吏代之治，而納其所收之貢稅于象。有似于放，故或者以為放也。蓋象至不仁，處之如此，則既不失吾親愛之心，而彼亦不得虐有庳之民也。源源，若水之相繼也。來，謂來朝覲也。不及貢以政接于有庳，謂不待及諸侯朝貢之期，而以政事接見有庳之君。蓋古書之辭，而孟子引以證源源而來之意，見其親愛之無已如此也。吳氏曰：“言圣人不以公義廢私恩，亦不以私恩害公義。舜之于象，仁之至，義之盡也。”
咸丘蒙問曰：“語云：‘盛德之士，君不得而臣，父不得而子。’舜南面而立，堯帥諸侯北面而朝之，瞽瞍亦北面而朝之。舜見瞽瞍，其容有蹙。孔子曰：‘于斯時也，天下殆哉，岌岌乎！’不識此語誠然乎哉？”孟子曰：“否。此非君子之言，齊東野人之語也。堯老而舜攝也。堯典曰：‘二十有八載，放勛乃徂落，百姓如喪考妣，三年，四海遏密八音。’孔子曰：‘天無二日，民無二王。’舜既為天子矣，又帥天下諸侯以為堯三年喪，是二天子矣。”朝，音潮。岌，魚及反。咸丘蒙，孟子弟子。語者，古語也。蹙，顰蹙不自安也。岌岌，不安貌也。言人倫乖亂，天下將危也。齊東，齊國之東鄙也。孟子言堯但老不治事，而舜攝天子之事耳。堯在時，舜未嘗即天子位，堯何由北面而朝乎？又引書及孔子之言以明之。堯典，虞書篇名。今此文乃見于舜典，蓋古書二篇，或合為一耳。言舜攝位二十八年而堯死也。徂，升也。落，降也。人死則魂升而魄降，故古者謂死為徂落。遏，止也。密，靜也。八音，金、石、絲、竹、匏、土、革、木，樂器之音也咸丘蒙曰：“舜之不臣堯，則吾既得聞命矣。詩云：‘普天之下，莫非王土；率土之濱，莫非王臣。’而舜既為天子矣，敢問瞽瞍之非臣，如何？”曰：“是詩也，非是之謂也；勞于王事，而不得養父母也。曰：‘此莫非王事，我獨賢勞也。’故說詩者，不以文害辭，不以辭害志。以意逆志，是為得之。如以辭而已矣，云漢之詩曰：‘周余黎民，靡有孑遺。’信斯言也，是周無遺民也。不臣堯，不以堯為臣，使北面而朝也。詩小雅北山之篇也。普，遍也。率，循也。此詩今毛氏序云：“役使不均，已勞于王事而不得養其父母焉。”其詩下文亦云：“大夫不均，我從事獨賢。”乃作詩者自言天下皆王臣，何為獨使我以賢才而勞苦乎？非謂天子可臣其父也。文，字也。辭，語也。逆，迎也。云漢，大雅篇名也。孑，獨立之貌。遺，脫也。言說詩之法，不可以一字而害一句之義，不可以一句而害設辭之志，當以己意迎取作者之志，乃可得之。若但以其辭而已，則如云漢所言，是周之民真無遺種矣。惟以意逆之。則知作詩者之志在于憂旱，而非真無遺民也。孝子之至，莫大乎尊親；尊親之至，莫大乎以天下養。為天子父，尊之至也；以天下養，養之至也。詩曰：‘永言孝思，孝思維則。’此之謂也。養，去聲。言瞽瞍既為天子之父，則當享天下之養，此舜之所以為尊親養親之至也。豈有使之北面而朝之理乎？詩大雅下武之篇。言人能長言孝思而不忘，則可以為天下法則也。書曰：‘只載見瞽瞍，夔夔齊栗，瞽瞍亦允若。’是為父不得而子也。”見，音現。齊，側皆反。書大禹謨篇也。只，敬也。載，事也。夔夔齊栗，敬謹恐懼之貌。允，信也。若，順也。言舜敬事瞽瞍，往而見之，敬謹如此，瞽瞍亦信而順之也。孟子引此而言瞽瞍不能以不善及其子，而反見化于其子，則是所謂父不得而子者，而非如咸丘蒙之說也。
萬章曰：“堯以天下與舜，有諸？”孟子曰：“否。天子不能以天下與人。”天下者，天下之天下，非一人之私有故也。“然則舜有天下也，孰與之？”曰：“天與之。”萬章問而孟子答也。“天與之者，諄諄然命之乎？”諄，之淳反。萬章問也。諄諄，詳語之貌。曰：“否。天不言，以行與事示之而已矣。”行，去聲，下同。行之于身謂之行，措諸天下謂之事。言但因舜之行事，而示以與之之意耳。曰：“以行與事示之者如之何？”曰：“天子能薦人于天，不能使天與之天下；諸侯能薦人于天子，不能使天子與之諸侯；大夫能薦人于諸侯，不能使諸侯與之大夫。昔者堯薦舜于天而天受之，暴之于民而民受之，故曰：天不言，以行與事示之而已矣。”暴，步卜反，下同。暴，顯也。言下能薦人于上，不能令上必用之。舜為天人所受，是因舜之行與事，而示之以與之之意也。曰：“敢問薦之于天而天受之，暴之于民而民受之，如何？”曰：“使之主祭而百神享之，是天受之；使之主事而事治，百姓安之，是民受之也。天與之，人與之，故曰：天子不能以天下與人。治，去聲。舜相堯二十有八載，非人之所能為也，天也。堯崩，三年之喪畢，舜避堯之子于南河之南。天下諸侯朝覲者，不之堯之子而之舜；訟獄者，不之堯之子而之舜；謳歌者，不謳歌堯之子而謳歌舜，故曰天也。夫然后之中國，踐天子位焉。而居堯之宮，逼堯之子，是篡也，非天與也。相，去聲。朝，音潮。夫音扶。南河在冀州之南，其南即豫州也。訟獄，謂獄不決而訟之也。太誓曰：‘天視自我民視，天聽自我民聽’，此之謂也。”自，從也。天無形，其視聽皆從于民之視聽。民之歸舜如此，則天與之可知矣。
萬章問曰(yue)：“人有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)言：‘至于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)禹(yu)(yu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)德(de)衰，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)傳于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)賢而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)傳于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)。’有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)諸？”孟子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“否，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)然也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)與(yu)(yu)賢，則(ze)(ze)(ze)與(yu)(yu)賢；天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)與(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)與(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)。昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)舜(shun)(shun)薦(jian)禹(yu)(yu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，十(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)七年(nian)，舜(shun)(shun)崩。三(san)(san)年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喪畢，禹(yu)(yu)避舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)陽城(cheng)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)從之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，若(ruo)堯崩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)從堯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)從舜(shun)(shun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。禹(yu)(yu)薦(jian)益(yi)(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，七年(nian)，禹(yu)(yu)崩。三(san)(san)年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喪畢，益(yi)(yi)避禹(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)箕山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陰。朝(chao)(chao)覲訟獄者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)益(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)啟(qi)，曰(yue)：‘吾(wu)君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’謳(ou)歌者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)謳(ou)歌益(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)謳(ou)歌啟(qi)，曰(yue)：‘吾(wu)君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’朝(chao)(chao)，音(yin)潮。陽城(cheng)，箕山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陰，皆(jie)嵩山(shan)(shan)下(xia)深谷中可(ke)藏處。啟(qi)，禹(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。楊氏(shi)曰(yue)：“此(ci)(ci)語(yu)孟子(zi)(zi)必(bi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)受，然不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)考矣。但(dan)云天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)與(yu)(yu)賢則(ze)(ze)(ze)與(yu)(yu)賢，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)與(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)與(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)見堯、舜(shun)(shun)、禹(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，皆(jie)無(wu)(wu)一毫私(si)意(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”丹朱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)，舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)。舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)堯，禹(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)舜(shun)(shun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，歷(li)年(nian)多，施(shi)澤于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)久(jiu)(jiu)。啟(qi)賢，能(neng)敬(jing)承(cheng)(cheng)繼(ji)(ji)禹(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道。益(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)禹(yu)(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，歷(li)年(nian)少，施(shi)澤于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)未(wei)(wei)久(jiu)(jiu)。舜(shun)(shun)、禹(yu)(yu)、益(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)去(qu)(qu)久(jiu)(jiu)遠，其子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賢不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)，皆(jie)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非(fei)(fei)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)能(neng)為也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)為者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)致而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)至者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，命(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，去(qu)(qu)聲。相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)去(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，如(ru)字(zi)。堯舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)皆(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)舜(shun)(shun)禹(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)久(jiu)(jiu)，此(ci)(ci)堯舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)舜(shun)(shun)禹(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。禹(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)賢，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)益(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)久(jiu)(jiu)，此(ci)(ci)啟(qi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)益(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然此(ci)(ci)皆(jie)非(fei)(fei)人力所(suo)為而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)自(zi)為，非(fei)(fei)人力所(suo)致而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)自(zi)至者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。蓋以(yi)(yi)(yi)理言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，自(zi)人言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)，其實(shi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)一而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已。匹夫而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，德(de)必(bi)若(ruo)舜(shun)(shun)禹(yu)(yu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)又(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)薦(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，故(gu)仲(zhong)(zhong)尼不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)。孟子(zi)(zi)因禹(yu)(yu)益(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)，歷(li)舉(ju)此(ci)(ci)下(xia)兩(liang)條以(yi)(yi)(yi)推明之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。言仲(zhong)(zhong)尼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)，雖無(wu)(wu)愧于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舜(shun)(shun)禹(yu)(yu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)薦(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，故(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)。繼(ji)(ji)世以(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)廢，必(bi)若(ruo)桀(jie)紂(zhou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)益(yi)(yi)、伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)(yin)、周(zhou)公(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)。繼(ji)(ji)世而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其先世皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)功德(de)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)，故(gu)必(bi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)惡如(ru)桀(jie)紂(zhou)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)乃(nai)廢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。如(ru)啟(qi)及(ji)大(da)甲(jia)(jia)、成(cheng)王(wang)雖不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)益(yi)(yi)、伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)(yin)、周(zhou)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賢圣(sheng)(sheng)，但(dan)能(neng)嗣守(shou)先業，則(ze)(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)廢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)益(yi)(yi)、伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)(yin)、周(zhou)公(gong)(gong)，雖有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)舜(shun)(shun)禹(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)。伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)(yin)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)湯以(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)。湯崩，太(tai)(tai)丁(ding)未(wei)(wei)立(li)，外(wai)丙二年(nian)，仲(zhong)(zhong)壬(ren)四年(nian)。太(tai)(tai)甲(jia)(jia)顛(dian)覆湯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)典刑，伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)(yin)放之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)桐。三(san)(san)年(nian)，太(tai)(tai)甲(jia)(jia)悔過，自(zi)怨(yuan)自(zi)艾(ai)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)桐處仁遷義(yi)；三(san)(san)年(nian)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)聽伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)訓己也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，復(fu)歸于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)亳。相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、王(wang)，皆(jie)去(qu)(qu)聲。艾(ai)，音(yin)乂。此(ci)(ci)承(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)文(wen)言伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)(yin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。趙氏(shi)曰(yue)：“太(tai)(tai)丁(ding)，湯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)，未(wei)(wei)立(li)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)死。外(wai)丙立(li)二年(nian)，仲(zhong)(zhong)壬(ren)立(li)四年(nian)，皆(jie)太(tai)(tai)丁(ding)弟也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。太(tai)(tai)甲(jia)(jia)，太(tai)(tai)丁(ding)子(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”程子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)“古人謂(wei)歲為年(nian)。湯崩時，外(wai)丙方(fang)二歲，仲(zhong)(zhong)壬(ren)方(fang)四歲，惟太(tai)(tai)甲(jia)(jia)差長(chang)，故(gu)立(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”二說未(wei)(wei)知(zhi)孰是。顛(dian)覆，壞(huai)亂也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。典刑，常法也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。桐，湯墓所(suo)在(zai)。艾(ai)，治也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；說文(wen)云“芟草也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”；蓋斬絕自(zi)新之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。亳，商所(suo)都也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。周(zhou)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)，猶益(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)夏(xia)，伊(yi)(yi)尹(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)殷(yin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)復(fu)言周(zhou)公(gong)(gong)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：‘唐(tang)虞禪(chan)，夏(xia)后、殷(yin)、周(zhou)繼(ji)(ji)，其義(yi)一也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’”禪(chan)，音(yin)擅。禪(chan)，授也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或(huo)禪(chan)或(huo)繼(ji)(ji)，皆(jie)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)命(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圣(sheng)(sheng)人豈(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)私(si)意(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其閑哉？尹(yin)(yin)氏(shi)曰(yue)：“孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：‘唐(tang)虞禪(chan)，夏(xia)后、殷(yin)、周(zhou)繼(ji)(ji)，其義(yi)一也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’孟子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：‘天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)與(yu)(yu)賢則(ze)(ze)(ze)與(yu)(yu)賢，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)與(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)與(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)。’知(zhi)前(qian)圣(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，無(wu)(wu)如(ru)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)，繼(ji)(ji)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孟子(zi)(zi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已矣。”

萬章問曰：“人有言‘伊尹以割烹要湯’有諸？”要，平聲，下同。要，求也。按史記“伊尹欲行道以致君而無由，乃為有莘氏之媵臣，負鼎俎以滋味說湯，致于王道”。蓋戰國時有為此說者。孟子曰：“否，不然。伊尹耕于有莘之野，而樂堯舜之道焉。非其義也，非其道也，祿之以天下，弗顧也；系馬千駟，弗視也。非其義也，非其道也，一介不以與人，一介不以取諸人，樂，音洛。莘，國名。樂堯舜之道者，誦其詩，讀其書，而欣慕愛樂之也。駟，四匹也。介與草芥之芥同。言其辭受取與，無大無細，一以道義而不茍也。湯使人以幣聘之，囂囂然曰：‘我何以湯之聘幣為哉？我豈若處畎畝之中，由是以樂堯舜之道哉？’囂，五高反，又戶驕反。囂囂，無欲自得之貌。湯三使往聘之，既而翻然改曰：‘與我處畎畝之中，由是以樂堯舜之道，吾豈若使是君為堯舜之君哉？吾豈若使是民為堯舜之民哉？吾豈若于吾身親見之哉？翻然，變動之貌。于吾身親見之，言于我之身親見其道之行，不徒誦說向慕之而已也。天之生此民也，使先知覺后知，使先覺覺后覺也。予，天民之先覺者也；予將以斯道覺斯民也。非予覺之，而誰也？’此亦伊尹之言也。知，謂識其事之所當然。覺，謂悟其理之所以然。覺后知后覺，如呼寐者而使之寤也。言天使者，天理當然，若使之也。程子曰：“予天民之先覺，謂我乃天生此民中，盡得民道而先覺者也。既為先覺之民，豈可不覺其未覺者。及彼之覺，亦非分我所有以予之也。皆彼自有此理，我但能覺之而已。”思天下之民匹夫匹婦有不被堯舜之澤者，若己推而內之溝中。其自任以天下之重如此，故就湯而說之以伐夏救民。推，吐回反。內，音納。說，音稅。書曰：“昔先正保衡作我先王，曰，‘予弗克俾厥后為堯舜，其心愧恥，若撻于市’。一夫不獲，則曰‘時予之辜’。”孟子之言蓋取諸此。是夏桀無道，暴虐其民，故欲使湯伐夏以救之。徐氏曰：“伊尹樂堯舜之道。堯舜揖遜，而伊尹說湯以伐夏者，時之不同，義則一也。”吾未聞枉己而正人者也，況辱己以正天下者乎？圣人之行不同也，或遠或近，或去或不去，歸潔其身而已矣。行，去聲。辱己甚于枉己，正天下難于正人。若伊尹以割烹要湯，辱己甚矣，何以正天下乎？遠，謂隱遁也。近，謂仕近君也。言圣人之行雖不必同，然其要歸，在潔其身而已。伊尹豈肯以割烹要湯哉？吾聞其以堯舜之道要湯，末聞以割烹也。林氏曰：“以堯舜之道要湯者，非實以是要之也，道在此而湯之聘自來耳。猶子貢言夫子之求之，異乎人之求之也”愚謂此語亦猶前章所論父不得而子之意。伊訓曰：‘天誅造攻自牧宮，朕載自亳。’伊訓，商書篇名。孟子引以證伐夏救民之事也。今〔一〕書牧宮作鳴條。造、載，皆始也。伊尹言始攻桀無道，由我始其事于亳也。〔一〕“今”原作“令”，據清仿宋大字本改。
萬章問曰：“或謂孔子于衛主癰疽，于齊主侍人瘠環，有諸乎？”孟子曰：“否，不然也。好事者為之也。癰，于容反。疽，七余反。好，去聲。主，謂舍于其家，以之為主人也。癰疽，瘍醫也。侍人，奄人也。瘠，姓。環，名。皆時君所近狎之人升君所近狎之人也。好事，謂喜造言生事之人也。于衛主顏讎由。彌子之妻與子路之妻，兄弟也。彌子謂子路曰：‘孔子主我，衛卿可得也。’子路以告。孔子曰：‘有命。’孔子進以禮，退以義，得之不得曰‘有命’。而主癰疽與侍人瘠環，是無義無命也。讎，如字，又音犨。顏讎由，衛之賢大夫也，史記作顏濁鄒。彌子，衛靈公幸臣彌子瑕也。徐氏曰“禮主于辭遜，故進以禮；義主于制斷，故退以義。難進而易退者也，在我者有禮義而已，得之不得則有命存焉。”孔子悅于魯衛，遭宋桓司馬將要而殺之，微服而過宋。是時孔子當阨，主司城貞子，為陳侯周臣。要，平聲。不悅，不樂居其國也。桓司馬，宋大夫向魋也。司城貞子，亦宋大夫之賢者也。陳侯，名周。按史記：“孔子為魯司寇，齊人饋女樂以閑之，孔子遂行。適衛月余，去衛適宋。司馬魋欲殺孔子，孔子去至陳，主于司城貞子。”孟子言孔子雖當阨難，當猶擇所主，況在齊衛無事之時，豈有主癰疽侍人之事乎？吾聞觀近臣，以其所為主；觀遠臣，以其所主。若孔子主癰疽與侍人瘠環，何以為孔子？”近臣，在朝之臣。遠臣，遠方來仕者。君子小人，各從其類，故觀其所為主，與其所主者，而其人可知。
萬章問曰(yue)(yue)：“或(huo)曰(yue)(yue)：‘百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)奚(xi)自(zi)(zi)鬻(yu)于(yu)(yu)秦(qin)養(yang)牲者(zhe)，五(wu)羊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皮(pi)，食(shi)牛(niu)，以(yi)要秦(qin)穆公(gong)(gong)。’信乎(hu)？”孟子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：“否(fou)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran)。好(hao)事(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。食(shi)，音嗣。好(hao)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)，下同，百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)奚(xi)，虞(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賢(xian)臣(chen)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)言(yan)其(qi)(qi)自(zi)(zi)賣于(yu)(yu)秦(qin)養(yang)牲者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)，得五(wu)羊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皮(pi)而(er)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)牛(niu)，因以(yi)干秦(qin)穆公(gong)(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)奚(xi)，虞(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。晉(jin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)垂棘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)璧(bi)與屈(qu)產之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乘，假道于(yu)(yu)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)以(yi)伐(fa)虢。宮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奇(qi)諫(jian)，百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)奚(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)諫(jian)。屈(qu)，求勿反。乘，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)。虞(yu)(yu)(yu)虢，皆國名。垂棘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)璧(bi)，垂棘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地所出之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)璧(bi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。屈(qu)產之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乘，屈(qu)地所生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)良(liang)馬也(ye)(ye)(ye)。乘，四匹也(ye)(ye)(ye)。晉(jin)欲(yu)(yu)伐(fa)虢，道經于(yu)(yu)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)，故(gu)(gu)以(yi)此(ci)(ci)物借道，其(qi)(qi)實欲(yu)(yu)幷取虞(yu)(yu)(yu)。宮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奇(qi)，亦(yi)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賢(xian)臣(chen)。諫(jian)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)令勿許，虞(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用，遂為(wei)(wei)晉(jin)所滅。百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)奚(xi)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)諫(jian)，故(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)諫(jian)而(er)去(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。知(zhi)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)諫(jian)而(er)去(qu)(qu)，之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秦(qin)，年已(yi)七十(shi)矣(yi)，，曾不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)以(yi)食(shi)牛(niu)干秦(qin)穆公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)污(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，可(ke)謂(wei)(wei)智乎(hu)？不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)諫(jian)而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)諫(jian)，可(ke)謂(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)智乎(hu)？知(zhi)虞(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)將亡(wang)而(er)先去(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)謂(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)智也(ye)(ye)(ye)。時(shi)(shi)舉于(yu)(yu)秦(qin)，知(zhi)穆公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)與有行也(ye)(ye)(ye)而(er)相(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，可(ke)謂(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)智乎(hu)？相(xiang)秦(qin)而(er)顯(xian)其(qi)(qi)君(jun)于(yu)(yu)天下，可(ke)傳于(yu)(yu)后(hou)世，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)賢(xian)而(er)能之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎(hu)？自(zi)(zi)鬻(yu)以(yi)成其(qi)(qi)君(jun)，鄉黨自(zi)(zi)好(hao)者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)，而(er)謂(wei)(wei)賢(xian)者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎(hu)？”相(xiang)，去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)。自(zi)(zi)好(hao)，自(zi)(zi)愛其(qi)(qi)身之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子(zi)(zi)言(yan)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)奚(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)智如此(ci)(ci)，必(bi)知(zhi)食(shi)牛(niu)以(yi)干主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)污(wu)。其(qi)(qi)賢(xian)又(you)如此(ci)(ci)，必(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)肯自(zi)(zi)鬻(yu)以(yi)成其(qi)(qi)君(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)此(ci)(ci)事(shi)(shi)(shi)當孟子(zi)(zi)時(shi)(shi)，已(yi)無(wu)所據。孟子(zi)(zi)直以(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)理反復(fu)推之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)必(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran)耳。范氏曰(yue)(yue)：“古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣賢(xian)未遇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)，鄙賤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)恥為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。如百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)奚(xi)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)養(yang)牛(niu)，無(wu)足怪也(ye)(ye)(ye)。惟是人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)君(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)致(zhi)敬(jing)盡禮(li)，則不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)得而(er)見。豈(qi)有先自(zi)(zi)污(wu)辱(ru)以(yi)要其(qi)(qi)君(jun)哉？莊周曰(yue)(yue)：‘百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)奚(xi)爵祿不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)入于(yu)(yu)心，故(gu)(gu)飯牛(niu)而(er)牛(niu)肥，使穆公(gong)(gong)忘其(qi)(qi)賤而(er)與之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政。’亦(yi)可(ke)謂(wei)(wei)知(zhi)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)奚(xi)矣(yi)。伊尹、百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)里(li)(li)奚(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，皆圣賢(xian)出處之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大節，故(gu)(gu)孟子(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)辯。”尹氏曰(yue)(yue)：“當時(shi)(shi)好(hao)事(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)論，大率類(lei)此(ci)(ci)。蓋以(yi)其(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)正之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心度(du)圣賢(xian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”

孟(meng)子卷十　萬章(zhang)章(zhang)句下

凡九章。
孟子曰：“伯夷，目不視惡色，耳不聽惡聲。非其君不事，非其民不使。治則進，亂則退。橫政之所出，橫民之所止，不忍居也。思與鄉人處，如以朝衣朝冠坐于涂炭也。當紂之時，居北海之濱，以待天下之清也。故聞伯夷之風者，頑夫廉，懦夫有立志。治，去聲，下同。橫，去聲。朝，音潮。橫，謂不循法度。頑者，無知覺。廉者，有分辨。懦，柔弱也。余并見前篇。伊尹曰：‘何事非君？何使非民？’治亦進，亂亦進。曰：‘天之生斯民也，使先知覺后知，使先覺覺后覺。予，天民之先覺者也；予將以此道覺此民也。’思天下之民匹夫匹婦有不與被堯舜之澤者，若己推而內之溝中，其自任以天下之重也。與，音預。何事非君，言所事即君。何使非民，言所使即民。無不可事之君，無不可使之民也。余見前篇。柳下惠，不羞污君，不辭小官。進不隱賢，必以其道。遺佚而不怨，阨窮而不憫。與鄉人處，由由然不忍去也。‘爾為爾，我為我，雖袒裼裸裎于我側，爾焉能浼我哉？’故聞柳下惠之風者，鄙夫寬，薄夫敦。鄙，狹陋也。敦，厚也。余見前篇。孔子之去齊，接淅而行；去魯，曰：‘遲遲吾行也。’去父母國之道也。可以速而速，可以久而久，可以處而處，可以仕而仕，孔子也。”淅，先歷反。接，猶承也。淅，漬米水也。漬米將炊，而欲去之速，故以手承水取米而行，不及炊也。舉此一端，以見其久、速、仕、止，各當其可也。或曰：“孔子去魯，不稅冕而行，豈得為遲？”楊氏曰：“孔子欲去之意久矣，不欲茍去，故遲遲其行也。膰肉不至，則得以微罪行矣，故不稅冕而行，非速也。”孟子曰：“伯夷，圣之清者也；伊尹，圣之任者也；柳下惠，圣之和者也；孔子，圣之時者也。張子曰：“無所雜者清之極，無所異者和之極。勉而清，非圣人之清；勉而和，非圣人之和。所謂圣者，不勉不思而至焉者也。”孔氏曰：“任者，以天下為己責也。”愚謂孔子仕、止、久、速，各當其可，蓋兼三子之所以圣者而時出之，非如三子之可以一德名也。或疑伊尹出處，合乎孔子，而不得為圣之時，何也？程子曰：“終是任底意思在。”孔子之謂集大成。集大成也者，金聲而玉振之也。金聲也者，始條理也；玉振之也者，終條理也。始條理者，智之事也；終條理者，圣之事也。此言孔子集三圣之事，而為一大圣之事；猶作樂者，集眾音之小成，而為一大成也。成者，樂之一終，書所謂“簫韶九成”是也。金，鐘屬。聲，宣也，如聲罪致討之聲。玉，磬也。振，收也，如振河海而不泄之振。始，始之也。終，終之也。條理，猶言脈絡，指眾音而言也。智者，知之所及；圣者，德之所就也。蓋樂有八音：金、石、絲、竹、匏、土、革、木。若獨奏一音，則其一音自為始終，而為一小成。猶三子之所知偏于一，而其所就亦偏于一也。八音之中，金石為重，故特為眾音之綱紀。又金始震而玉終詘然也，故并奏八音，則于其未作，而先擊镈鐘以宣其聲；俟其既闋，而后擊特磬以收其韻。宣以始之，收以終之。二者之間，脈絡通貫，無所不備，則合眾小成而為一大成，猶孔子之知無不盡而德無不全也。金聲玉振，始終條理，疑古樂經之言。故兒寬云“惟天子建中和之極，兼總條貫，金聲而玉振之。”亦此意也。智，譬則巧也；圣，譬則力也。由射于百步之外也，其至，爾力也；其中，非爾力也。”中，去聲。此復以射之巧力，發明智、圣二字之義。見孔子巧力俱全，而圣智兼備，三子則力有余而巧不足，是以一節雖至于圣，而智不足以及乎時中也。此章言三子之行，各極其一偏；孔子之道，兼全于眾理。所以偏者，由其蔽于始，是以缺于終；所以全者，由其知之至，是以行之盡。三子猶春夏秋冬之各一其時，孔子則大和元氣之流行于四時也。
北宮锜問曰：“周室班爵祿也，如之何？”锜，魚綺反。北宮，姓；锜，名；衛人。班，列也。孟子曰：“其詳不可得聞也。諸侯惡其害己也，而皆去其籍。然而軻也，嘗聞其略也。惡，去聲。去，上聲。當時諸侯兼幷僭竊，故惡周制妨害己之所為也。天子一位，公一位，侯一位，伯一位，子、男同一位，凡五等也。君一位，卿一位，大夫一位，上士一位，中士一位，下士一位，凡六等。此班爵之制也。五等通于天下，六等施于國中。天子之制，地方千里，公侯皆方百里，伯七十里，子、男五十里，凡四等。不能五十里，不達于天子，附于諸侯，曰附庸。此以下，班祿之制也。不能，猶不足也。小國之地不足五十里者，不能自達于天子，因大國以姓名通，謂之附庸，若春秋邾儀父之類是也。天子之卿受地視侯，大夫受地視伯，元士受地視子、男。視，比也。徐氏曰：“王畿之內，亦制都鄙受地也。”元士，上士也。大國地方百里，君十卿祿，卿祿四大夫，大夫倍上士，上士倍中士，中士倍下士，下士與庶人在官者同祿，祿足以代其耕也。十，十倍之也。四，四倍之也。倍，加一倍也。徐氏曰：“大國君田三萬二千畝，其入可食二千八百八十人。卿田三千二百畝，可食二百八十八人。大夫田八百畝，可食七十二人。上士田四百畝，可食三十六人。中士田二百畝，可食十八人。下士與庶人在官者田百畝，可食九人至五人。庶人在官，府史胥徒也。”愚按：君以下所食之祿，皆助法之公田，借農夫之力以耕而收其租。士之無田，與庶人在官者，則但受祿于官，如田之入而已。次國地方七十里，君十卿祿，卿祿三大夫，大夫倍上士，上士倍中士，中士倍下士，下士與庶人在官者同祿，祿足以代其耕也。三，謂三倍之也。徐氏曰：“次國君田二萬四千畝，可食二〔一〕千一百六十人。卿田二千四百畝，可食二百十六人。”小國地方五十里，君十卿祿，卿祿二大夫，大夫倍上士，上士倍中士，中士倍下士，下士與庶人在官者同祿，祿足以代其耕也。二，即倍也。徐氏曰：“小國君田一萬六千畝，可食千四百四十人。卿田一千六百畝，可食百四十四人。”耕者之所獲，一夫百畝。百畝之糞，上農夫食九人，上次食八人，中食七人，中次食六人，下食五人。庶人在官者，其祿以是為差。”食，音嗣。獲，得也。一夫一婦，佃田百畝。加之以糞，糞多而力勤者為上農，其所收可供九人。其次用力不齊，故有此五等。庶人在官者，其受祿不同，亦有此五等也。愚按：此章之說，與周禮、王制不同，蓋不可考，闕之可也。程子曰：“孟子之時，去先王未遠，載籍未經秦火，然而班爵祿之制已不聞其詳。今之禮書，皆掇拾于煨燼之余，而多出于漢儒一時之傅會，柰何欲盡信而句為之解乎？然則其事固不可一一追復矣。”〔一〕“二”原作“三”，據清仿宋大字本改。
萬章問曰(yue)：“敢(gan)問友(you)(you)。”孟子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)挾長(chang)(chang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)挾貴(gui)(gui)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)挾兄弟(di)而(er)友(you)(you)。友(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，友(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可以有(you)(you)挾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。挾者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，兼(jian)有(you)(you)而(er)恃之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)。孟獻子(zi)(zi)，百乘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，有(you)(you)友(you)(you)五(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)焉(yan)：樂正裘、牧仲(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)三(san)人(ren)(ren)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)予(yu)忘(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。獻子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)此五(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)友(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，無(wu)獻子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此五(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦有(you)(you)獻子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)友(you)(you)矣。乘，去聲，下(xia)同。孟獻子(zi)(zi)，魯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賢(xian)(xian)大(da)夫仲(zhong)孫(sun)蔑也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。張子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“獻子(zi)(zi)忘(wang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)勢，五(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)忘(wang)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勢。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)資其(qi)(qi)(qi)勢而(er)利其(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)能忘(wang)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勢。若五(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)獻子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)反為(wei)(wei)獻子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所賤矣。”非惟百乘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家為(wei)(wei)然(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。雖小國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)亦有(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。費惠公(gong)曰(yue)：‘吾(wu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)思，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)師(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣；吾(wu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)顏般，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)友(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣；王(wang)順、長(chang)(chang)息則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)事我者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’費，音秘。般，音班。惠公(gong)，費邑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。師(shi)，所尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。友(you)(you)，所敬也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。事我者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，所使(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。非惟小國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)為(wei)(wei)然(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，雖大(da)國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)亦有(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。晉(jin)平(ping)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)亥唐也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，入云則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)入，坐(zuo)(zuo)云則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)坐(zuo)(zuo)，食(shi)(shi)云則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)食(shi)(shi)。雖疏食(shi)(shi)菜羹，未嘗不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)飽(bao)(bao)，蓋不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)飽(bao)(bao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)(ran)終于(yu)(yu)(yu)此而(er)已矣。弗與(yu)共天(tian)位(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，弗與(yu)治(zhi)天(tian)職也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，弗與(yu)食(shi)(shi)天(tian)祿也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，士之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)賢(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非王(wang)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)賢(xian)(xian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。疏食(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)(shi)，音嗣(si)。平(ping)公(gong)、王(wang)公(gong)下(xia)，諸(zhu)本多無(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)字，疑闕文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。亥唐，晉(jin)賢(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。平(ping)公(gong)造(zao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，唐言(yan)入，公(gong)乃(nai)入。言(yan)坐(zuo)(zuo)乃(nai)坐(zuo)(zuo)，言(yan)食(shi)(shi)乃(nai)食(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。疏食(shi)(shi)，糲飯也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)飽(bao)(bao)，敬賢(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。范氏曰(yue)：“位(wei)曰(yue)天(tian)位(wei)，職曰(yue)天(tian)職，祿曰(yue)天(tian)祿。言(yan)天(tian)所以待賢(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)，使(shi)(shi)治(zhi)天(tian)民(min)，非人(ren)(ren)君(jun)所得(de)專者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”舜尚見(jian)帝，帝館(guan)甥(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)貳室(shi)，亦饗舜，迭為(wei)(wei)賓主，是天(tian)子(zi)(zi)而(er)友(you)(you)匹(pi)夫也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。尚，上也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舜上而(er)見(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)帝堯也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。館(guan)，舍(she)(she)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。禮，妻(qi)父曰(yue)外(wai)舅。謂(wei)我舅者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，吾(wu)謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甥(sheng)(sheng)。堯以女妻(qi)舜，故謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甥(sheng)(sheng)。貳室(shi)，副宮也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。堯舍(she)(she)舜于(yu)(yu)(yu)副宮，而(er)就饗其(qi)(qi)(qi)食(shi)(shi)。用(yong)下(xia)敬上，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貴(gui)(gui)貴(gui)(gui)；用(yong)上敬下(xia)，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)賢(xian)(xian)。貴(gui)(gui)貴(gui)(gui)、尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)賢(xian)(xian)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)義一(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”貴(gui)(gui)貴(gui)(gui)、尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)賢(xian)(xian)，皆事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。然(ran)(ran)當(dang)時(shi)但(dan)知(zhi)(zhi)貴(gui)(gui)貴(gui)(gui)，而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)賢(xian)(xian)，故孟子(zi)(zi)曰(yue)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)義一(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。此言(yan)朋(peng)友(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)倫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)，所以輔仁，故以天(tian)子(zi)(zi)友(you)(you)匹(pi)夫而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)詘，以匹(pi)夫友(you)(you)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)僭。此堯舜所以為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)倫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至，而(er)孟子(zi)(zi)言(yan)必稱(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

萬章問曰：“敢問交際何心也？”孟子曰：“恭也。”際，接也。交際，謂人以禮儀幣帛相交接也。曰：“卻之卻之為不恭，何哉？”曰：“尊者賜之，曰‘其所取之者，義乎，不義乎”，而后受之，以是為不恭，故弗卻也。”卻，不受而還之也。再言之，未詳。萬章疑交際之間，有所卻者，人便以為不恭，何哉？孟子言尊者之賜，而心竊計其所以得此物者，未知合義與否，必其合義，然后可受，不然則卻之矣，所以卻之為不恭也。曰：“請無以辭卻之，以心卻之，曰‘其取諸民之不義也’，而以他辭無受，不可乎？”曰：“其交也以道，其接也以禮，斯孔子受之矣。”萬章以為彼既得之不義，則其饋不可受。但無以言語間而卻之，直以心度其不義，而托于他辭以卻之，如此可否耶？交以道，如饋贐、聞戒、周其饑餓之類。接以禮，謂辭命恭敬之節。孔子受之，如受陽貨烝豚之類也萬章曰：“今有御人于國門之外者，其交也以道，其饋也以禮，斯可受御與？”曰：“不可。康誥曰：‘殺越人于貨，閔不畏死，凡民罔不譈。’是不待教而誅者也。殷受夏，周受殷，所不辭也。于今為烈，如之何其受之？”與，平聲。譈，書作憝，徒對反。御，止也。止人而殺之，且奪其貨也。國門之外，無人之處也。萬章以為茍不問其物之所從來，而但觀其交接之禮，則設有御人者，用其御得之貨以禮饋我，則可受之乎？康誥，周書篇名。越，顛越也。今書閔作愍，無凡民二字。譈，怨也。言殺人而顛越之，因取其貨，閔然不知畏死，凡民無不怨之。孟子言此乃不待教戒而當即誅者也。如何而可受之乎？“殷〔一〕受”至“為烈”十四字，語意不倫。李氏以為此必有斷簡或闕文者近之，而愚意其直為衍字耳。然不可考，姑闕之可也曰：“今之諸侯取之于民也，猶御也。茍善其禮際矣，斯君子受之，敢問何說也？”曰：“子以為有王者作，將比今之諸侯而誅之乎？其教之不改而后誅之乎？夫謂非其有而取之者盜也，充類至義之盡也。孔子之仕于魯也，魯人獵較，孔子亦獵較。獵較猶可，而況受其賜乎？”比，去聲。夫，音扶。較，音角。比，連也。言今諸侯之取于民，固多不義，然有王者起，必不連合而盡誅之。必教之不改而后誅之，則其與御人之盜，不待教而誅者不同矣。夫御人于國門之外，與非其有而取之，二者固皆不義之類，然必御人，乃為真盜。其謂非有而取為盜者，乃推其類，至于義之至精至密之處而極言之耳，非便以為真盜也。然則今之諸侯，雖曰取非其有，而豈可遽以同于御人之盜也哉？又引孔子之事，以明世俗所尚，猶或可從，況受其賜，何為不可乎？獵較未詳。趙氏以為田獵相較，奪禽獸之祭。孔子不違，所以小同于俗也。張氏以為獵而較所獲之多少也。二說未知孰是。曰：“然則孔子之仕也，非事道與？”曰：“事道也。”“事道奚獵較也？”曰：“孔子先簿正祭器，不以四方之食供簿正。”曰：“奚不去也？”曰：“為之兆也。兆足以行矣，而不行，而后去，是以未嘗有所終三年淹也。與，平聲。此因孔子事而反復辯論也。事道者，以行道為事也。事道奚獵較也，萬章問也。先簿正祭器，未詳。徐氏曰：“先以簿書正其祭器，使有定數，不以四方難繼之物實之。夫器有常數、實有常品，則其本正矣，彼獵較者，將久而自廢矣。”未知是否也。兆，猶卜之兆，蓋事之端也。孔子所以不去者，亦欲小試行道之端，以示于人，使知吾道之果可行也。若其端既可行，而人不能遂行之，然后不得已而必去之。蓋其去雖不輕，而亦未嘗不決，是以未嘗終三年留于一國也。孔子有見行可之仕，有際可之仕，有公養之仕也。于季桓子，見行可之仕也；于衛靈公，際可之仕也；于衛孝公，公養之仕也。”見行可，見其道之可行也。際可，接遇以禮也。公養，國君養賢之禮也。季恒子，魯卿季孫斯也。衛靈公，衛侯元也。孝公，春秋史記皆無之，疑出公輒也。因孔子仕魯，而言其仕有此三者。故于魯則兆足以行矣而不行然后去，而于衛之事，則又受其交際問饋而不卻之一驗也。尹氏曰“不聞孟子之義，則自好者為于陵仲子而已。圣賢辭受進退，惟義所在。”愚按：此章文義多不可曉，不必強為之說。〔一〕“殷”原作“商”，據清仿宋大字本改。
孟子曰：“仕非為貧也，而有時乎為貧；娶妻非為養也，而有時乎為養。為、養，并去聲，下同。仕本為行道，而亦有家貧親老，或道與時違，而但為祿仕者，如娶妻本為繼嗣，而亦有為不能親操井臼，而欲資其饋養者。為貧者，辭尊居卑，辭富居貧。貧富，謂祿之厚薄。蓋仕不為道，已非出處之正，故其所處但當如此。辭尊居卑，辭富居貧，惡乎宜乎？抱關擊柝。惡，平聲。柝，音托。柝，行夜所擊木也。蓋為貧者雖不主于行道，而亦不可以茍祿。故惟抱關擊柝之吏，位卑祿薄，其職易稱，為所宜居也。李氏曰：“道不行矣，為貧而仕者，此其律令也。若不能然，則是貪位慕祿而已矣。”孔子嘗為委吏矣，曰‘會計當而已矣’。嘗為乘田矣，曰‘牛羊茁壯，長而已矣’。委，烏偽反。會，工外反。當，丁浪反。乘，去聲。茁，阻刮反。長，上聲。此孔子之為貧而仕者也。委吏，主委積之吏也。乘田，主苑囿芻牧之吏也。茁，肥貌。言以孔子大圣，而嘗為賤官不以為辱者，所謂為貧而仕，官卑祿薄，而職易稱也。位卑而言高，罪也；立乎人之本朝，而道不行，恥也”朝，音潮。以出位為罪，則無行道之責；以廢道為恥，則非竊祿之官，此為貧者之所以必辭尊富而寧處貧賤也。尹氏曰：“言為貧者不可以居尊，居尊者必欲以行道。”
萬章(zhang)曰(yue)(yue)：“士之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)托(tuo)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)，何(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)(gan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)失(shi)國(guo)，而后(hou)托(tuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)，禮(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；士之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)托(tuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)，非禮(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”托(tuo)，寄也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，謂(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)仕(shi)而食(shi)其(qi)(qi)祿也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。古者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)出(chu)(chu)(chu)奔他國(guo)，食(shi)其(qi)(qi)廩(lin)餼，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寄公(gong)(gong)。士無(wu)(wu)爵士，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)比諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)仕(shi)而食(shi)祿，則非禮(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。萬章(zhang)曰(yue)(yue)：“君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)饋(kui)(kui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)粟，則受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎？”曰(yue)(yue)：“受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”“受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何(he)(he)義也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”曰(yue)(yue)：“君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)氓也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，固周(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”周(zhou)(zhou)，救也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。視其(qi)(qi)空乏，則周(zhou)(zhou)恤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，無(wu)(wu)常(chang)數(shu)(shu)，君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)待(dai)民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禮(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)：“周(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則受，賜(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則不(bu)(bu)(bu)受，何(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”曰(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)(gan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”曰(yue)(yue)：“敢(gan)(gan)問其(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)(gan)何(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”曰(yue)(yue)：“抱關(guan)擊柝者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，皆(jie)有常(chang)職以(yi)食(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)上(shang)。無(wu)(wu)常(chang)職而賜(si)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)上(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)為(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)恭也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”賜(si)，謂(wei)予之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祿，有常(chang)數(shu)(shu)，君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)待(dai)臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禮(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)：“君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)饋(kui)(kui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，則受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)識可(ke)常(chang)繼(ji)(ji)乎？”曰(yue)(yue)：“繆(mou)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)思也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，亟問，亟饋(kui)(kui)鼎(ding)(ding)肉(rou)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)思不(bu)(bu)(bu)悅。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)卒(zu)(zu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，摽(biao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)出(chu)(chu)(chu)諸(zhu)(zhu)大門之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外，北(bei)面稽首再拜而不(bu)(bu)(bu)受。曰(yue)(yue)：‘今而后(hou)知君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)犬馬畜急。’蓋自(zi)是臺無(wu)(wu)饋(kui)(kui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。悅賢不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)舉，又不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)養(yang)(yang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，可(ke)謂(wei)悅賢乎？”亟，去(qu)(qu)聲，下(xia)同。摽(biao)，音杓(shao)。使(shi)(shi)(shi)，去(qu)(qu)聲。亟，數(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鼎(ding)(ding)肉(rou)，熟肉(rou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。卒(zu)(zu)，末(mo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。摽(biao)，麾(hui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。數(shu)(shu)以(yi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)命來(lai)饋(kui)(kui)，當(dang)拜受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，非養(yang)(yang)賢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禮(li)，故不(bu)(bu)(bu)悅。而于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)末(mo)后(hou)復(fu)來(lai)饋(kui)(kui)時，麾(hui)使(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)出(chu)(chu)(chu)拜而辭(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。犬馬畜急，言不(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)人禮(li)待(dai)己也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。臺，賤官，主(zhu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)令者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。蓋繆(mou)公(gong)(gong)愧悟，自(zi)此不(bu)(bu)(bu)復(fu)令臺來(lai)致饋(kui)(kui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舉，用也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。能(neng)(neng)養(yang)(yang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)未必能(neng)(neng)用也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，況又不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)養(yang)(yang)乎？曰(yue)(yue)：“敢(gan)(gan)問國(guo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)欲養(yang)(yang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，如何(he)(he)斯(si)可(ke)謂(wei)養(yang)(yang)矣？”曰(yue)(yue)：“以(yi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)命將之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，再拜稽首而受。其(qi)(qi)后(hou)廩(lin)人繼(ji)(ji)粟，庖(pao)人繼(ji)(ji)肉(rou)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)命將之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)思以(yi)為(wei)鼎(ding)(ding)肉(rou)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)己仆仆爾亟拜也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非養(yang)(yang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。初以(yi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)命來(lai)饋(kui)(kui)，則當(dang)拜受。其(qi)(qi)后(hou)有司各(ge)以(yi)其(qi)(qi)職繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)所(suo)(suo)無(wu)(wu)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)命來(lai)饋(kui)(kui)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)賢者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有亟拜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勞也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。仆仆，煩猥(wei)貌。堯(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舜也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)九男事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，二女(nv)女(nv)焉，百官牛(niu)羊倉廩(lin)備，以(yi)養(yang)(yang)舜于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)畎畝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，后(hou)舉而加諸(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)位。故曰(yue)(yue)：“王公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尊賢者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”女(nv)下(xia)字，去(qu)(qu)聲。能(neng)(neng)養(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)舉，悅賢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，惟堯(yao)舜為(wei)能(neng)(neng)盡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而后(hou)世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)當(dang)法也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

萬章曰：“敢問不見諸侯，何義也？”孟子曰：“在國曰市井之臣，在野曰草莽之臣，皆謂庶人。庶人不傳質為臣，不敢見于諸侯，禮也。”質，與贄同。傳，通也。質者，士執雉，庶人執鶩，相見以自通者也。國內莫非君臣，但未仕者與執贄在位之臣不同，故不敢見也。萬章曰：“庶人，召之役，則往役；君欲見之，召之，則不往見之，何也？”曰：“往役，義也；往見，不義也。往役者，庶人之職；不往見者，士之禮。且君之欲見之也，何為也哉？”曰：“為其多聞也，為其賢也。”曰：“為其多聞也，則天子不召師，而況諸侯乎？為其賢也，則吾未聞欲見賢而召之也。為并去聲。繆公亟見于子思，曰：‘古千乘之國以友士，何如？’子思不悅，曰：‘古之人有言：曰事之云乎，豈曰友之云乎？’子思之不悅也，豈不曰：‘以位，則子，君也；我，臣也。何敢與君友也？以德，則子事我者也。奚可以與我友？’千乘之君求與之友，而不可得也，而況可召與？亟、乘，皆去聲。召與之與，平聲。孟子引子思之言而釋之，以明不可召之意。齊景公田，招虞人以旌，不至，將殺之。志士不忘在溝壑，勇士不忘喪其元。孔子奚取焉？取非其招不往也。”喪，息浪反。說見前篇。曰：“敢問招虞人何以？”曰：“以皮冠。庶人以旃，士以旗，大夫以旌。皮冠，田獵之冠也。事見春秋傳。然則皮冠者，虞人之所有事也，故以是招之。庶人，未仕之臣。通帛曰旃。士，謂已仕者。交龍為旗，析羽而注于旗干之首曰旌。以大夫之招招虞人，虞人死不敢往。以士之招招庶人，庶人豈敢往哉。況乎以不賢人之招招賢人乎？欲見而召之，是不賢人之招也。以士之招招庶人，則不敢往；以不賢人之招招賢人，則不可往矣。欲見賢人而不以其道，猶欲其入而閉之門也。夫義，路也；禮，門也。惟君子能由是路，出入是門也。詩云：‘周道如底，其直如矢；君子所履，小人所視。’”夫，音扶。底，詩作砥，之履反。詩小雅大東之篇。底，與砥同，礪石也。言其平也。矢，言其直也。視，視以為法也。引此以證上文能由是路之義萬章曰：“孔子，君命召，不俟駕而行。然則孔子非與？”曰：“孔子當仕有官職，而以其官召之也。”與，平聲。孔子方仕而任職，君以其官名召之，故不俟駕而行。徐氏曰：“孔子、孟子，易地則皆然。”此章言不見諸侯之義，最為詳悉，更合陳代、公孫丑所問者而觀之，其說乃盡。
孟子謂萬章曰：“一鄉之善士，斯友一鄉之善士；一國之善士，斯友一國之善士；天下之善士，斯友天下之善士。言己之善蓋于一鄉，然后能盡友一鄉之善士。推而至于一國天下皆然，隨其高下以為廣狹也。以友天下之善士為未足，又尚論古之人。頌其詩，讀其書，不知其人，可乎？是以論其世也。是尚友也。”尚，上同。言進而上也。頌，誦通。論其世，論其當世行事之跡也。言既觀其言，則不可以不知其為人之實，是以又考其行也。夫能友天下之善士，其所友眾矣，猶以為未足，又進而取于古人。是能進其取友之道，而非止為一世之士矣。
齊宣王問(wen)(wen)卿(qing)。孟子曰(yue)(yue)：“王何卿(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)問(wen)(wen)也(ye)？”王曰(yue)(yue)：“卿(qing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)乎？”曰(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)。有(you)(you)(you)貴(gui)戚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)，有(you)(you)(you)異(yi)(yi)姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)。”王曰(yue)(yue)：“請(qing)問(wen)(wen)貴(gui)戚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)。”曰(yue)(yue)：“君有(you)(you)(you)大(da)過(guo)(guo)則(ze)諫(jian)，反復(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而不(bu)(bu)(bu)聽(ting)，則(ze)易位(wei)。”大(da)過(guo)(guo)，謂(wei)足以(yi)亡其(qi)國(guo)者(zhe)。易位(wei)，易君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)，更(geng)立親(qin)戚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賢(xian)者(zhe)。蓋與君有(you)(you)(you)親(qin)親(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恩(en)，無(wu)可(ke)去之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)。以(yi)宗廟為重(zhong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)忍坐視其(qi)亡，故不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)已(yi)而至于此(ci)也(ye)。王勃(bo)(bo)然變(bian)乎色。勃(bo)(bo)然，變(bian)色貌(mao)。曰(yue)(yue)：“王勿(wu)異(yi)(yi)也(ye)。王問(wen)(wen)臣(chen)(chen)，臣(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢不(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)正對。”孟子言(yan)也(ye)。王色定(ding)，然后請(qing)問(wen)(wen)異(yi)(yi)姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)。曰(yue)(yue)：“君有(you)(you)(you)過(guo)(guo)則(ze)諫(jian)，反復(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而不(bu)(bu)(bu)聽(ting)，則(ze)去。”君臣(chen)(chen)義(yi)合，不(bu)(bu)(bu)合則(ze)去。此(ci)章言(yan)大(da)臣(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)，親(qin)疏不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)，守經行(xing)權，各有(you)(you)(you)其(qi)分。貴(gui)戚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)，小過(guo)(guo)非(fei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)諫(jian)也(ye)，但(dan)必(bi)大(da)過(guo)(guo)而不(bu)(bu)(bu)聽(ting)，乃(nai)可(ke)易位(wei)。異(yi)(yi)姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)，大(da)過(guo)(guo)非(fei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)諫(jian)也(ye)，雖(sui)小過(guo)(guo)而不(bu)(bu)(bu)聽(ting)，已(yi)可(ke)去矣。然三仁貴(gui)戚，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于約；而霍(huo)光異(yi)(yi)姓，乃(nai)能(neng)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于昌邑(yi)。此(ci)又委(wei)任(ren)權力(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)以(yi)執一論也(ye)。

孟子卷十一　告子章句上

凡二十章。
告子曰：“性，猶杞柳也；義，猶桮桊也。以人性為仁義，猶以杞柳為桮桊。”桮，音杯。桊，丘圓反。性者，人生所?之天理也。杞柳，柜柳。桮桊，屈木所為，若卮匜之屬。告子言人性本無仁義，必待矯揉而后成，如荀子性惡之說也。孟子曰：“子能順杞柳之性而以為桮桊乎？將戕賊杞柳而后以為桮桊也？如將戕賊杞柳而以為桮桊，則亦將戕賊人以為仁義與？率天下之人而禍仁義者，必子之言夫！”戕，音墻。與，平聲。夫，音扶。言如此，則天下之人皆以仁義為害性而不肯為，是因子之言而為仁義之禍也。
告子曰：“性猶湍水也，決諸東方則東流，袂諸西方則西流。人性之無分于善不善也，猶水之無分于東西也。”湍，他端反。湍，波流瀠回之貌也。告子因前說而小變之，近于揚子善惡混之說。孟子曰：“水信無分于東西。無分于上下乎？人性之善也，猶水之就下也。人無有不善，水無有不下。言水誠不分東西矣，然豈不分上下乎？性即天理，未有不善者也。今夫水，搏而躍之，可使過顙；激而行之，可使在山。是豈水之性哉？其勢則然也。人之可使為不善，其性亦猶是也。”夫，音扶。搏，補各反。搏，擊也。躍，跳也。顙，額也。水之過額在山，皆不就下也。然其本性未嘗不就下，但為博激所使而逆其性耳。此章言性本善，故順之而無不善；本無惡，故反之而后為惡，非本無定體，而可以無所不為也。
告子曰：“生之謂性。”生，指人物之所以知覺運動者而言。告子論性，前后四章，語雖不同，然其大指不外乎此，與近世佛氏所謂作用是性者略相似。孟子曰：“生之謂性也，猶白之謂白與？”曰：“然。”“白羽之白也，猶白雪之白；白雪之白，猶白玉之白與？”曰：“然。”與，平聲。下同。白之謂白，猶言凡物之白者，同謂之白，更無差別也。白羽以下，孟子再問而告子曰然，則是謂凡有生者同是一性矣。“然則犬之性，猶牛之性；牛之性，猶人之性與？”孟子又言若果如此，則犬牛與人皆有知覺，皆能運動，其性皆無以異矣，于是告子自知其說之非而不能對也。愚按：性者，人之所得于天之理也；生者，人之所得于天之氣也。性，形而上者也；氣，形而下者也。人物之生，莫不有是性，亦莫不有是氣。然以氣言之，則知覺運動，人與物若不異也；以理言之，則仁義禮智之?豈物之所得而全哉？此人之性所以無不善，而為萬物之靈也。告子不知性之為理，而以所謂氣者當之，是以杞柳湍水之喻，食色無善無不善之說，縱橫繆戾，紛紜舛錯，而此章之誤乃其本根。所以然者，蓋徒知知覺運動之蠢然者，人與物同；而不知仁義禮智之粹然者，人與物異也。孟子以是折之，其義精矣。
告子曰：“食色，性也。仁，內也，非外也；義，外也，非內也。”告子以人之知覺運動者為性，故言人之甘食悅色者即其性。故仁愛之心生于內，而事物之宜由乎外。學者但當用力于仁，而不必求合于義也。孟子曰：“何以謂仁內義外也？”曰：“彼長而我長之，非有長于我也；猶彼白而我白之，從其白于外也，故謂之外也。”長，上聲，下同。我長之，我以彼為長也；我白之，我以彼為白也。曰：“異于白馬之白也，無以異于白人之白也；不識長馬之長也，無以異于長人之長與？且謂長者義乎？長之者義乎？”與，平聲，下同。張氏曰：“上異于二字疑衍。”李氏曰：“或有闕文焉。”愚按：白馬白人，所謂彼白而我白之也；長馬長人，所謂彼長而我長之也。白馬白人不異，而長馬長人不同，是乃所謂義也。義不在彼之長，而在我長之之心，則義之非外明矣。曰：“吾弟則愛之，秦人之弟則不愛也，是以我為悅者也，故謂之內。長楚人之長，亦長吾之長，是以長為悅者也，故謂之外也。”言愛主于我，故仁在內；敬主于長，故義在外。曰：“耆秦人之炙，無以異于耆吾炙。夫物則亦有然者也，然則耆炙亦有外與？”耆，與嗜同。夫，音扶。言長之耆之，皆出于心也。林氏曰：“告子以食色為性，故因其所明者而通之。”自篇首至此四章，告子之辯屢屈，而屢變其說以求勝，卒不聞其能自反而有所疑也。此正其所謂不得于言勿求于心者，所以卒于鹵莽而不得其正也。
孟季子問公都子曰：“何以謂義內也？”孟季子，疑孟仲子之弟也。蓋聞孟子之言而未達，故私論之。曰：“行吾敬，故謂之內也。”所敬之人雖在外，然知其當敬而行吾心之敬以敬之，則不在外也。“鄉人長于伯兄一歲，則誰敬？”曰：“敬兄。”“酌則誰先？”曰：“先酌鄉人。”“所敬在此，所長在彼，果在外，非由內也。”長，上聲。伯，長也。酌，酌酒也。此皆季子問、公都子答，而季子又言，如此則敬長之心，果不由中出也。公都子不能答，以告孟子。孟子曰：“敬叔父乎？敬弟乎？彼將曰‘敬叔父’。曰：‘弟為尸，則誰敬？’彼將曰‘敬弟。’子曰：‘惡在其敬叔父也？’彼將曰‘在位故也。’子亦曰：‘在位故也。庸敬在兄，斯須之敬在鄉人。’”惡，平聲。尸，祭祀所主以象神，雖子弟為之，然敬之當如祖考也。在位，弟在尸位，鄉人在賓客之位也。庸，常也。斯須，暫時也。言因時制宜，皆由中出也。季子聞之曰：“敬叔父則敬，敬弟則敬，果在外，非由內也。”公都子曰：“冬日則飲湯，夏日則飲水，然則飲食亦在外也？”此亦上章耆炙之意。范氏曰：“二章問答，大指略同，皆反復譬喻以曉當世，使明仁義之在內，則知人之性善，而皆可以為堯舜矣。”
公都子曰：“告子曰：‘性無善無不善也。’此亦“生之謂性、食色性也”之意，近世蘇氏、胡氏之說蓋如此。或曰：‘性可以為善，可以為不善；是故文武興，則民好善；幽厲興，則民好暴。’好，去聲。此即湍水之說也。或曰：‘有性善，有性不善；是故以堯為君而有象，以瞽瞍為父而有舜；以紂為兄之子且以為君，而有微子啟、王子比干。’韓子性有三品之說蓋如此。按此文，則微子、比干皆紂之叔父，而書稱微子為商王元子，疑此或有誤字。今曰‘性善’，然則彼皆非與？”與，平聲。孟子曰：“乃若其情，則可以為善矣，乃所謂善也。乃若，發語辭。情者，性之動也。人之情，本但可以為善而不可以為惡，則性之本善可知矣。若夫為不善，非才之罪也。夫，音扶。才，猶材質，人之能也。人有是性，則有是才，性既善則才亦善。人之為不善，乃物欲陷溺而然，非其才之罪也。惻隱之心，人皆有之；羞惡之心，人皆有之；恭敬之心，人皆有之；是非之心，人皆有之。惻隱之心，仁也；羞惡之心，義也；恭敬之心，禮也；是非之心，智也。仁義禮智，非由外鑠我也，我固有之也，弗思耳矣。故曰：‘求則得之，舍則失之。’或相倍蓰而無算者，不能盡其才者也。惡，去聲。舍，上聲。蓰，音師。恭者，敬之發于外者也；敬者，恭之主于中者也。鑠，以火銷金之名，自外以至內也。算，數也。言四者之心人所固有，但人自不思而求之耳，所以善惡相去之遠，由不思不求而不能擴充以盡其才也。前篇言是四者為仁義禮智之端，而此不言端者，彼欲其擴而充之，此直因用以著其本體，故言有不同耳。詩曰：‘天生蒸民，有物有則。民之秉夷，好是懿德。’孔子曰：‘為此詩者，其知道乎！故有物必有則，民之秉夷也，故好是懿德。’”好，去聲。詩大雅烝民之篇。蒸，詩作烝，眾也。物，事也。則，法也。夷，詩作彝，常也。懿，美也。有物必有法：如有耳目，則有聰明之德；有父子，則有慈孝之心，是民所秉執之常性也，故人之情無不好此懿德者。以此觀之，則人性之善可見，而公都子所問之三說，皆不辯而自明矣。程子曰：“性即理也，理則堯舜至于涂人一也。才?于氣，氣有清濁，?其清者為賢，?其濁者為愚。學而知之，則氣無清濁，皆可至于善而復性之本，湯武身之是也。孔子所言下愚不移者，則自暴自棄之人也。”又曰：“論性不論氣，不備；論氣不論性，不明，二之則不是。”張子曰：“形而后有氣質之性，善反之則天地之性存焉。故氣質之性，君子有弗性者焉。”愚按：程子此說才字，與孟子本文小異。蓋孟子專指其發于性者言之，故以為才無不善；程子兼指其?于氣者言之，則人之才固有昏明強弱之不同矣，張子所謂氣質之性是也。二說雖殊，各有所當，然以事理考之，程子為密。蓋氣質所?雖有不善，而不害性之本善；性雖本善，而不可以無省察矯揉之功，學者所當深玩也。
孟(meng)子(zi)曰：“富歲，子(zi)弟多賴；兇歲，子(zi)弟多暴(bao)，非天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)降(jiang)才(cai)爾(er)殊也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，其所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)陷(xian)溺(ni)(ni)其心(xin)(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)然也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。富歲，豐年也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。賴，借(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。豐年衣(yi)食(shi)饒足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，故有(you)所(suo)(suo)顧借(jie)而(er)為(wei)善；兇年衣(yi)食(shi)不(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，故有(you)以(yi)(yi)陷(xian)溺(ni)(ni)其心(xin)(xin)而(er)為(wei)暴(bao)。今(jin)夫(fu)麰(mou)麥(mai)，播種(zhong)而(er)耰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其地同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，樹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時又同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，浡(bo)然而(er)生，至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)日至(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，皆(jie)熟矣。雖有(you)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，則(ze)地有(you)肥磽，雨露之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)養，人(ren)事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)齊也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)，音扶。麰(mou)，音牟。耰，音憂。磽，苦交反(fan)。麰(mou)，大麥(mai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。耰，覆種(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。日至(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，謂當成(cheng)熟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)期也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。磽，瘠薄也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故凡(fan)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)類者(zhe)(zhe)，舉相似也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，何獨至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)人(ren)而(er)疑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？圣人(ren)與我(wo)(wo)(wo)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)類者(zhe)(zhe)。圣人(ren)亦人(ren)耳，其性(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善，無不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故龍子(zi)曰：‘不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)而(er)為(wei)屨，我(wo)(wo)(wo)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其不(bu)為(wei)蕢也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’屨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相似，天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蕢，音匱。蕢，草(cao)器也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大小而(er)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屨，雖未(wei)必(bi)適中，然必(bi)似足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)形，不(bu)至(zhi)成(cheng)蕢也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。口(kou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)味(wei)(wei)，有(you)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)耆(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)先得我(wo)(wo)(wo)口(kou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)耆(qi)(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。如(ru)使口(kou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)味(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，其性(xing)與人(ren)殊，若犬馬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與我(wo)(wo)(wo)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)類也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，則(ze)天(tian)下(xia)何耆(qi)(qi)皆(jie)從易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)味(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)味(wei)(wei)，天(tian)下(xia)期于(yu)(yu)易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)，是天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)口(kou)相似也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)耆(qi)(qi)，與嗜同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，下(xia)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)，古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)味(wei)(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)。言(yan)(yan)易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)所(suo)(suo)調(diao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)味(wei)(wei)，則(ze)天(tian)下(xia)皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)美也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。惟(wei)(wei)耳亦然。至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)聲，天(tian)下(xia)期于(yu)(yu)師曠，是天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳相似也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。師曠，能審音者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)師曠所(suo)(suo)和之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音，則(ze)天(tian)下(xia)皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)美也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。惟(wei)(wei)目(mu)亦然。至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)子(zi)都(dou)，天(tian)下(xia)莫不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其姣(jiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)都(dou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)姣(jiao)者(zhe)(zhe)，無目(mu)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。姣(jiao)，古(gu)卯反(fan)。子(zi)都(dou)，古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美人(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。妏，好也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故曰：口(kou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)味(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，有(you)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)耆(qi)(qi)焉；耳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)聲也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，有(you)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)聽(ting)焉；目(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)色也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，有(you)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)美焉。至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)，獨無所(suo)(suo)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)然乎(hu)？心(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)然者(zhe)(zhe)何也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？謂理(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，義也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圣人(ren)先得我(wo)(wo)(wo)心(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)然耳。故理(li)(li)義之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悅(yue)(yue)(yue)我(wo)(wo)(wo)心(xin)(xin)，猶(you)芻豢(huan)(huan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悅(yue)(yue)(yue)我(wo)(wo)(wo)口(kou)。”然，猶(you)可(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。草(cao)食(shi)曰芻，牛羊是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；谷食(shi)曰豢(huan)(huan)，犬豕是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。程子(zi)曰：“在物為(wei)理(li)(li)，處(chu)物為(wei)義，體用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)子(zi)言(yan)(yan)人(ren)心(xin)(xin)無不(bu)悅(yue)(yue)(yue)理(li)(li)義者(zhe)(zhe)，但圣人(ren)則(ze)先知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先覺乎(hu)此(ci)耳，非有(you)以(yi)(yi)異于(yu)(yu)人(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”程子(zi)又曰：“理(li)(li)義之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悅(yue)(yue)(yue)我(wo)(wo)(wo)心(xin)(xin)，猶(you)芻豢(huan)(huan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悅(yue)(yue)(yue)我(wo)(wo)(wo)口(kou)，此(ci)語(yu)親(qin)切有(you)味(wei)(wei)。須(xu)實體察得理(li)(li)義之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悅(yue)(yue)(yue)心(xin)(xin)，真猶(you)芻豢(huan)(huan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悅(yue)(yue)(yue)口(kou)，始得。”

孟子曰：“牛山之木嘗美矣，以其郊于大國也，斧斤伐之，可以為美乎？是其日夜之所息，雨露之所潤，非無萌櫱之生焉，牛羊又從而牧之，是以若彼濯濯也。人見其濯濯也，以為未嘗有材焉，此豈山之性也哉？櫱，五割反。牛山，齊之東南山也。邑外謂之郊，言牛山之木，前此固嘗美矣，今為大國之郊，伐之者眾，故失其美耳。息，生長也。日夜之所息，謂氣化流行未嘗間斷，故日夜之閑，凡物皆有所生長也，萌，芽也。櫱，芽之旁出者也。濯濯，光潔之貌。材，材木也。言山木雖伐，猶有萌櫱，而牛羊又從而害之，是以至于光潔而無草木也。雖存乎人者，豈無仁義之心哉？其所以放其良心者，亦猶斧斤之于木也，旦旦而伐之，可以為美乎？其日夜之所息，平旦之氣，其好惡與人相近也者幾希，則其旦晝之所為，有梏亡之矣。梏之反復，則其夜氣不足以存；夜氣不足以存，則其違禽獸不遠矣。人見其禽獸也，而以為未嘗有才焉者，是豈人之情也哉？好、惡，并去聲。良心者，本然之善心，即所謂仁義之心也。平旦之氣，謂未與物接之時，清明之氣也。好惡與人相近，言得人心之所同然也。幾希，不多也。梏，械也。反復，展轉也。言人之良心雖已放失，然其日夜之間，亦必有所生長。故平旦未與物接，其氣清明之際，良心猶必有發見者。但其發見至微，而旦晝所為之不善，又已隨而梏亡之，如山木既伐，猶有萌櫱，而牛羊又牧之也。晝之所為，既有以害其夜之所息，又不能勝其晝之所為，是以展轉相害。至于夜氣之生，日以寖薄，而不足以存其仁義之良心，則平旦之氣亦不能清，而所好惡遂與人遠矣。故茍得其養，無物不長；茍失其養，無物不消。長，上聲。山木人心，其理一也。孔子曰：‘操則存，舍則亡；出入無時，莫知其鄉。’惟心之謂與？”舍，日暴之，十日寒之，未有能生者也。吾見亦罕矣，吾退而寒之者至矣，吾如有萌焉何哉？易，去聲。暴，步卜反。見，音現。暴，溫之也。我見王之時少，猶一日暴之也，我退則諂諛雜進之日多，是十日寒之也。雖有萌櫱之生，我亦安能如之何哉？今夫弈之為數，小數也；不專心致志，則不得也。弈秋，通國之善弈者也。使弈秋誨二人弈，其一人專心致志，惟弈秋之為聽。一人雖聽之，一心以為有鴻鵠將至，思援弓繳而射之，雖與之俱學，弗若之矣。為是其智弗若與？曰：非然也。”夫，音扶。繳，音灼。射，食亦反。為是之為，去聲。若與之與，平聲。弈，圍棋也。數，技也。致，極也。弈秋，善弈者名秋也。繳，以繩系矢而射也。程子為講官，言于上曰：“人主一日之閑，接賢士大夫之時多，親宦官宮妾之時少；則可以涵養氣質，而熏陶德性。”時不能用，識者恨之。范氏曰“人君之心，惟在所養。君子養之以善則智，小人養之以惡則愚。然賢人易疏，小人易親，是以寡不能勝眾，正不能勝邪。自古國家治日常少，而亂日常多，蓋以此也。”
孟子曰：“魚，我所欲也；熊掌，亦我所欲也，二者不可得兼，舍魚而取熊掌者也。生，亦我所欲也；義，亦我所欲也，二者不可得兼，舍生而取義者也。舍，上聲。魚與熊掌皆美味，而熊掌尤美也。生亦我所欲，所欲有甚于生者，故不為茍得也；死亦我所惡，所惡有甚于死者，故患有所不辟也。惡、辟，皆去聲，下同。釋所以舍生取義之意。得，得生也。欲生惡死者，雖眾人利害之常情；而欲惡有甚于生死者，乃秉彝義理之良心，是以欲生而不為茍得，惡死而有所不避也。如使人之所欲莫甚于生，則凡可以得生者，何不用也？使人之所惡莫甚于死者，則凡可以辟患者，何不為也？設使人無秉彝之良心，而但有利害之私情，則凡可以偷生免死者，皆將不顧禮義而為之矣。由是則生而有不用也，由是則可以辟患而有不為也。由其必有秉彝之良心，是以其能舍生取義如此。是故所欲有甚于生者，所惡有甚于死者，非獨賢者有是心也，人皆有之，賢者能勿喪耳。喪，去聲。羞惡之心，人皆有之，但眾人汨于利欲而忘之，惟賢者能存之而不喪耳。一簞食，一豆羹，得之則生，弗得則死。?爾而與之，行道之人弗受；蹴爾而與之，乞人不屑也。食，音嗣。?，呼故反。蹴，子六反。豆，木器也。?，咄啐之貌。行道之人，路中凡人也。蹴，踐踏也。乞人，丐乞之人也。不屑，不以為潔也。言雖欲食之急而猶惡無禮，有寧死而不食者。是其羞惡之本心，欲惡有甚于生死者，人皆有之也。萬鐘則不辨禮義而受之。萬鐘于我何加焉？為宮室之美、妻妾之奉、所識窮乏者得我與？為，去聲。與，平聲。萬鐘于我何加，言于我身無所增益也。所識窮乏者得我，謂所知識之窮乏者感我之惠也。上言人皆有羞惡之心，此言眾人所以喪之。由此三者，蓋理義之心雖曰固有，而物欲之蔽，亦人所易昏也。鄉為身死而不受，今為宮室之美為之；鄉為身死而不受，今為妻妾之奉為之；鄉為身死而不受，今為所識窮乏者得我而為之，是亦不可以已乎？此之謂失其本心。”鄉、為，并去聲。為之之為，并如字。言三者身外之物，其得失比生死為甚輕。鄉為身死猶不肯受?蹴之食，今乃為此三者而受無禮義之萬鐘，是豈不可以止乎？本心，謂羞惡之心。此章言羞惡之心，人所固有。或能決死生于危迫之際，而不免計豐約于宴安之時，是以君子不可頃刻而不省察于斯焉。
孟子曰：“仁，人心也；義，人路也。仁者心之德，程子所謂心如谷種，仁則其生之性，是也。然但謂之仁，則人不知其切于己，故反而名之曰人心，則可以見其為此身酬酢萬變之主，而不可須臾失矣。義者行事之宜，謂之人路，則可以見其為出入往來必由之道，而不可須臾舍矣。舍其路而弗由，放其心而不知求，哀哉！舍，上聲。哀哉二字，最宜詳味，令人惕然有深省處。人有雞犬放，則知求之；有放心，而不知求。程子曰：“心至重，雞犬至輕。雞犬放則知求之，心放而不知求，豈愛其至輕而忘其至重哉？弗思而已矣。”愚謂上兼言仁義，而此下專論求放心者，能求放心，則不違于仁而義在其中矣。學問之道無他，求其放心而已矣。”學問之事，固非一端，然其道則在于求其放心而已。蓋能如是則志氣清明，義理昭著，而可以上達；不然則昏昧放逸，雖曰從事于學，而終不能有所發明矣。故程子曰：“圣賢千言萬語，只是欲人將已放之心約之，使反復入身來，自能尋向上去，下學而上達也。”此乃孟子開示切要之言，程子又發明之，曲盡其指，學者宜服膺而勿失也。
孟子曰：“今有無名之指，屈而不信，非疾痛害事也，如有能信之者，則不遠秦楚之路，為指之不若人也。信，與伸同。為，去聲。無名指，手之第四指也。指不若人，則知惡之；心不若人，則不知惡，此之謂不知類也。”惡，去聲。不知類，言其不知輕重之等也。
孟子曰：“拱把之桐梓，人茍欲生之，皆知所以養之者。至于身，而不知所以養之者，豈愛身不若桐梓哉？弗思甚也。”拱，兩手所圍也。把，一手所握也。桐梓，二木名。
孟子曰：“人之于身也，兼所愛。兼所愛，則兼所養也。無尺寸之膚不愛焉，則無尺寸之膚不養也。所以考其善不善者，豈有他哉？于己取之而已矣。人于一身，固當兼養，然欲考其所養之善否者，惟在反之于身，以審其輕重而已矣。體有貴賤，有小大。無以小害大，無以賤害貴。養其小者為小人，養其大者為大人。賤而小者，口腹也；貴而大者，心志也。今有場師，舍其梧槚，養其樲棘，則為賤場師焉。舍，上聲。槚，音賈。樲，音貳。場師，治場圃者。梧，桐也；槚，梓也，皆美材也。樲棘，小棗，非美材也。養其一指而失其肩背，而不知也，則為狼疾人也。狼善顧，疾則不能，故以為失肩背之喻。飲食之人，則人賤之矣，為其養小以失大也。為，去聲。飲食之人，專養口腹者也。飲食之人無有失也，則口腹豈適為尺寸之膚哉？”此言若使專養口腹，而能不失其大體，專口腹之養，軀命所關，不但為尺寸之膚而已。但養小之人，無不失其大者，故口腹雖所當養，而終不可以小害大，賤害貴也。
公都子問曰：“鈞是人也，或為大人，或為小人，何也？”孟子曰：“從其大體為大人，從其小體為小人。”鈞，同也。從，隨也。大體，心也。小體，耳目之類也。曰：“鈞是人也，或從其大體，或從其小體，何也？”曰：“耳目之官不思，而蔽于物，物交物，則引之而已矣。心之官則思，思則得之，不思則不得也。此天之所與我者，先立乎其大者，則其小者弗能奪也。此為大人而已矣。”官之為言司也。耳司聽，目司視，各有所職而不能思，是以蔽于外物。既不能思而蔽于外物，則亦一物而已。又以外物交于此物，其引之而去不難矣。心則能思，而以思為職。凡事物之來，心得其職，則得其理，而物不能蔽；失其職，則不得其理，而物來蔽之。此三者，皆天之所以與我者，而心為大。若能有以立之，則事無不思，而耳目之欲不能奪之矣，此所以為大人也。然此天之此，舊本多作比，而趙注亦以比方釋之。今本既多作此，而注亦作此，乃未詳孰是。但作比字〔一〕，于義為短，故且從今本云。范浚心箴曰：“茫茫堪輿，俯仰無垠。人于其間，眇然有身。是身之微，大倉稊米，參為三才，曰惟心耳。往古來今，孰無此心？心為形役，乃獸乃禽。惟口耳目，手足動靜，投閑抵隙，為厥心病。一心之微，眾欲攻之，其與存者，嗚呼幾希！君子存誠，克念克敬，天君泰然，百體從令。”〔一〕“字”原“方”，據清仿宋大字本改。
孟子曰：“有天爵者，有人爵者。仁義忠信，樂善不倦，此天爵也；公卿大夫，此人爵也。樂，音洛。天爵者，德義可尊，自然之貴也。古之人修其天爵，而人爵從之。修其天爵，以為吾分之所當然者耳。人爵從之，蓋不待求之而自至也。今之人修其天爵，以要人爵；既得人爵，而棄其天爵，則惑之甚者也，終亦必亡而已矣。”要，音邀。要，求也。修天爵以要人爵，其心固已惑矣；得人爵而棄天爵，則其惑又甚焉，終必幷其所得之人爵而亡之也。
孟子曰：“欲(yu)貴(gui)者(zhe)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)心也(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)有貴(gui)于己者(zhe)，弗思耳。貴(gui)于己者(zhe)，謂(wei)天爵(jue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)貴(gui)者(zhe)，非良(liang)(liang)貴(gui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。趙(zhao)孟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)貴(gui)，趙(zhao)孟能(neng)(neng)賤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)貴(gui)，謂(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)爵(jue)位加己而(er)后(hou)貴(gui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。良(liang)(liang)者(zhe)，本然之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善也(ye)(ye)(ye)。趙(zhao)孟，晉卿(qing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。能(neng)(neng)以(yi)爵(jue)祿(lu)與(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貴(gui)，則亦能(neng)(neng)奪(duo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賤矣(yi)。若良(liang)(liang)貴(gui)，則人(ren)(ren)(ren)安得而(er)賤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)哉？詩(shi)云(yun)：‘既醉(zui)以(yi)酒，既飽以(yi)德。’言(yan)飽乎(hu)仁義也(ye)(ye)(ye)，所(suo)以(yi)不(bu)愿人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)膏(gao)粱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)味也(ye)(ye)(ye)；令(ling)聞(wen)廣譽施于身(shen)，所(suo)以(yi)不(bu)愿人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文繡(xiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”聞(wen)，去聲(sheng)。詩(shi)大雅既醉(zui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇。飽，充(chong)足也(ye)(ye)(ye)。愿，欲(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。膏(gao)，肥肉。粱，美谷。令(ling)，善也(ye)(ye)(ye)。聞(wen)，亦譽也(ye)(ye)(ye)。文繡(xiu)，衣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。仁義充(chong)足而(er)聞(wen)譽彰著，皆所(suo)謂(wei)良(liang)(liang)貴(gui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。尹氏曰：“言(yan)在(zai)我者(zhe)重，則外物輕。”

孟子曰：“仁之勝不仁也，猶水勝火。今之為仁者，猶以一杯水，救一車薪之火也；不熄，則謂之水不勝火，此又與于不仁之甚者也。與，猶助也。仁之能勝不仁，必然之理也。但為之不力，則無以勝不仁，而人遂以為真不能勝，是我之所為有以深助于不仁者也。亦終必亡而已矣。”言此人之心，亦且自怠于為仁，終必幷與其所為而亡之。趙氏曰：“言為仁不至，而不反諸己也。”
孟子曰：“五谷者，種之美者也；茍為不熟，不如荑稗。夫仁亦在乎熟之而已矣。”荑，音蹄。稗，蒲賣反。夫，音扶。荑稗，草之似谷者，其實亦可食，然不能如五谷之美也。但五谷不熟，則反不如荑稗之熟；猶為仁而不熟，則反不如為他道之有成。是以為仁必貴乎熟，而不可徒恃其種之美，又不可以仁之難熟，而甘為他道之有成也。尹氏曰：“日新而不已則熟。”
孟子曰：“羿之(zhi)教人射，必志于彀(gou)(gou)；學者(zhe)(zhe)亦必志于彀(gou)(gou)。彀(gou)(gou)，古候反。羿，善射者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。志，猶期也(ye)。彀(gou)(gou)，弓滿(man)也(ye)。滿(man)而后發，射之(zhi)法(fa)也(ye)。學，謂學射。大(da)匠誨人，必以規矩(ju)；學者(zhe)(zhe)亦必以規矩(ju)。”大(da)匠，工師(shi)也(ye)。規矩(ju)，匠之(zhi)法(fa)也(ye)。此章言事必有法(fa)，然后可成，師(shi)舍(she)是則(ze)無(wu)(wu)以教，弟子舍(she)是則(ze)無(wu)(wu)以學。曲藝且然，況(kuang)圣人之(zhi)道乎？

孟子(zi)卷(juan)十二　告子(zi)章句下

凡十六章。
任人有問屋廬子曰：“禮與食孰重？”曰：“禮重。”任，平聲。任，國名。屋廬子，名連，孟子弟子也。“色與禮孰重？”任人復問也。曰：“禮重。”曰：“以禮食，則饑而死；不以禮食，則得食，必以禮乎？親迎，則不得妻；不親迎，則得妻，必親迎乎！”迎，去聲。屋廬子不能對，明日之鄒以告孟子。孟子曰：“于答是也何有？于，如字。何有，不難也。不揣其本而齊其末，方寸之木可使高于岑樓。揣，初委反。本，謂下。末，謂上。方寸之木至卑，喻食色。岑樓，樓之高銳似山者，至高，喻禮。若不取其下之平，而升寸木于岑樓之上，則寸木反高，岑樓反卑矣。金重于羽者，豈謂一鉤金與一輿羽之謂哉？鉤，帶鉤也。金木重而帶鉤小，故輕，喻禮有輕于食色者；羽本輕而一輿多，故重，喻食色有重于禮者。取食之重者，與禮之輕者而比之，奚翅食重？取色之重者，與禮之輕者而比之，奚翅色重？翅，與啻同，古字通用，施智反。禮食親迎，禮之輕者也。饑而死以滅其性，不得妻而廢人倫，食色之重者也。奚翅，猶言何但。言其相去懸絕，不但有輕重之差而已。往應之曰：‘紾兄之臂而奪之食，則得食；不紾，則不得食，則將紾之乎？踰東家墻而摟其處子，則得妻；不摟，則不得妻，則將摟之乎？’”紾，音軫。摟，音婁。紾，戾也。摟，牽也。處子，處女也。此二者，禮與食色皆其重者，而以之相較，則禮為尤重也。此章言義理事物，其輕重固有大分，然于其中，又各自有輕重之別。圣賢于此，錯綜斟酌，毫發不差，固不肯枉尺而直尋，亦未嘗膠柱而調瑟，所以斷之，一視于理之當然而已矣。
曹交問曰：“人皆可以為堯舜，有諸？”孟子曰：“然。”趙氏曰：“曹交，曹君之弟也。”人皆可以為堯舜，疑古語，或孟子所嘗言也。交聞文王十尺，湯九尺，今交九尺四寸以長，食粟而已，如何則可？”曹交問也。食粟而已，言無他材能也。曰：“奚有于是？亦為之而已矣。有人于此，力不能勝一匹雛，則為無力人矣；今曰舉百鈞，則為有力人矣。然則舉烏獲之任，是亦為烏獲而已矣。夫人豈以不勝為患哉？弗為耳。勝，平聲。匹，字本作鴄，鴨也，從省作匹。禮記說“匹為鶩”是也。烏獲，古之有力人也，能舉移千鈞。徐行后長者謂之弟，疾行先長者謂之不弟。夫徐行者，豈人所不能哉？所不為也。堯舜之道，孝弟而已矣。后，去聲。長，上聲。先，去聲。夫，音扶。陳氏曰：“孝弟者，人之良知良能，自然之性也。堯舜人倫之至，亦率是性而已。豈能加毫末于是哉？”楊氏曰：“堯舜之道大矣，而所以為之，乃在夫行止疾徐之閑，非有甚高難行之事也，百姓蓋日用而不知耳。”子服堯之服，誦堯之言，行堯之行，是堯而已矣；子服桀之服，誦桀之言，行桀之行，是桀而已矣。”之、行，并去聲。言為善為惡，皆在我而已。詳曹交之問。淺陋麤率，必其進見之時，禮貌衣冠言動之閑，多不循理，故孟子告之如此兩節云曰：“交得見于鄒君，可以假館，愿留而受業于門。”見，音現。假館而后受業，又可見其求道之不篤。曰：“夫道，若大路然，豈難知哉？人病不求耳。子歸而求之，有余師。”夫，音扶。言道不難知，若歸而求之事親敬長之閑，則性分之內，萬理皆備，隨處發見，無不可師，不必留此而受業也。曹交事長之禮既不至，求道之心又不篤，故孟子教之以孝弟，而不容其受業。蓋孔子余力學文之意，亦不屑之教誨也。
公孫丑問曰：“高子曰：‘小弁，小人之詩也。’”孟子曰：“何以言之？”曰：“怨。”弁，音盤。高子，齊人也。小弁，小雅篇名。周幽王娶申后，生太子宜臼；又得褒姒，生伯服，而黜申后、廢宜臼。于是宜臼之傅為作此詩，以敘其哀痛迫切之情也。曰：“固哉，高叟之為詩也！有人于此，越人關弓而射之，則己談笑而道之；無他，疏之也。其兄關弓而射之，則己垂涕泣而道之；無他，戚之也。小弁之怨，親親也。親親，仁也。固矣夫，高叟之為詩也！”關，與彎同。射，食亦反。夫，音扶。固，謂執滯不通也。為，猶治也。越，蠻夷國名。道，語也。親親之心，仁之發也。曰：“凱風何以不怨？”凱風，邶風篇名。衛有七子之母，不能安其室，七子作此以自責也。曰：“凱風，親之過小者也；小弁，親之過大者也。親之過大而不怨，是愈疏也；親之過小而怨，是不可磯也。愈疏，不孝也；不可磯，亦不孝也。磯，音機。磯，水激石也。不可磯，言微激之而遽怒也。孔子曰：‘舜其至孝矣，五十而慕。’”言舜猶怨慕，小弁之怨，不為不孝也。趙氏曰：“生之膝下，一體而分。喘息呼吸，氣通于親。當親而疏，怨慕號天。是以小弁之怨，未足為愆也。”
宋(song)(song)牼(keng)(keng)將(jiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)楚(chu)，孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)遇(yu)于(yu)石(shi)丘。牼(keng)(keng)，口(kou)莖反(fan)。宋(song)(song)，姓；牼(keng)(keng)，名(ming)。石(shi)丘，地(di)名(ming)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)將(jiang)何之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？”趙氏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“學士年長者(zhe)(zhe)，故謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“吾聞秦(qin)楚(chu)構兵，我將(jiang)見(jian)(jian)(jian)楚(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)說而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)罷(ba)(ba)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。楚(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)悅(yue)(yue)，我將(jiang)見(jian)(jian)(jian)秦(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)說而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)罷(ba)(ba)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，二王(wang)(wang)(wang)我將(jiang)有所遇(yu)焉。”說，音稅。時宋(song)(song)牼(keng)(keng)方欲見(jian)(jian)(jian)楚(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)，恐其(qi)不(bu)(bu)悅(yue)(yue)，則(ze)將(jiang)見(jian)(jian)(jian)秦(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)。遇(yu)，合(he)也(ye)(ye)。按莊子(zi)(zi)(zi)書(shu)：“有宋(song)(song)钘者(zhe)(zhe)，禁攻寢兵，救世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戰(zhan)。上(shang)說下教(jiao)，強(qiang)聒(guo)不(bu)(bu)舍。”疏云：“齊宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)時人(ren)。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)考之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，疑即(ji)此人(ren)也(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“軻也(ye)(ye)請無問其(qi)詳，愿(yuan)聞其(qi)指。說之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)將(jiang)何如？”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“我將(jiang)言(yan)其(qi)不(bu)(bu)利(li)也(ye)(ye)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志則(ze)大(da)矣，先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)號則(ze)不(bu)(bu)可。徐(xu)氏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“能(neng)于(yu)戰(zhan)國擾攘(rang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)罷(ba)(ba)兵息民為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)說，其(qi)志可謂大(da)矣；然(ran)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)利(li)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)名(ming)，則(ze)不(bu)(bu)可也(ye)(ye)。”先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)利(li)說秦(qin)楚(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)，秦(qin)楚(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)悅(yue)(yue)于(yu)利(li)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)罷(ba)(ba)三軍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)師，是三軍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士樂(le)(le)罷(ba)(ba)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)悅(yue)(yue)于(yu)利(li)也(ye)(ye)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)臣(chen)(chen)者(zhe)(zhe)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)利(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)其(qi)君(jun)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)子(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)利(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)其(qi)父(fu)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)弟(di)(di)者(zhe)(zhe)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)利(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)其(qi)兄。是君(jun)臣(chen)(chen)、父(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、兄弟(di)(di)終(zhong)去仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)，懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)利(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)相接(jie)，然(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)亡(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)，未之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有也(ye)(ye)。樂(le)(le)，音洛，下同。先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)說秦(qin)楚(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)，秦(qin)楚(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)悅(yue)(yue)于(yu)仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)罷(ba)(ba)三軍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)師，是三軍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士樂(le)(le)罷(ba)(ba)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)悅(yue)(yue)于(yu)仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)也(ye)(ye)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)臣(chen)(chen)者(zhe)(zhe)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)其(qi)君(jun)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)子(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)其(qi)父(fu)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)弟(di)(di)者(zhe)(zhe)懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)其(qi)兄，是君(jun)臣(chen)(chen)、父(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、兄弟(di)(di)去利(li)，懷(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)仁(ren)(ren)義(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)相接(jie)也(ye)(ye)。然(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)，未之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有也(ye)(ye)。何必曰(yue)(yue)(yue)利(li)？”王(wang)(wang)(wang)，去聲。此章言(yan)休(xiu)兵息民，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)事(shi)則(ze)一，然(ran)其(qi)心有義(yi)利(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殊，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)其(qi)效(xiao)有興亡(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異，學者(zhe)(zhe)所當深察而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)明辨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。

孟子居鄒，季任為任處守，以幣交，受之而不報。處于平陸，儲子為相，以幣交，受之而不報。任，平聲。相，去聲，下同。趙氏曰：“季任，任君之弟。任君朝會于鄰國，季任為之居守其國也。儲子，齊相也。”不報者，來見則當報之，但以幣交，則不必報也。他日由鄒之任，見季子；由平陸之齊，不見儲子。屋廬子喜曰：“連得閑矣。”屋廬子知孟子之處此必有義理，故喜得其閑隙而問之。問曰：“夫子之任見季子，之齊不見儲子，為其為相與？”為其之為，去聲，下同。與，平聲。言儲子但為齊相，不若季子攝守君位，故輕之邪？曰：“非也。書曰：‘享多儀，儀不及物曰不享，惟不役志于享。’書周書洛誥之篇。享，奉上也。儀，禮也。物，幣也。役，用也。言雖享而禮意不及其幣，則是不享矣，以其不用志于享故也。為其不成享也。”孟子釋書意如此。屋廬子悅。或問之。屋廬子曰：“季子不得之鄒，儲子得之平陸。”徐氏曰：“季子為君居守，不得往他國以見孟子，則以幣交而禮意已備。儲子為齊相，可以至齊之境內而不來見，則雖以幣交，而禮意不及其物也。”
淳于髡曰：“先名實者，為人也；后名實者，自為也。夫子在三卿之中，名實未加于上下而去之，仁者固如此乎？”先、后、為，皆去聲。名，聲譽也。實，事功也。言以名實為先而為之者，是有志于救民也；以名實為后而不為者，是欲獨善其身者也。名實未加于上下，言上未能正其君，下未能濟其民也。孟子曰：“居下位，不以賢事不肖者，伯夷也；五就湯，五就桀者，伊尹也；不惡污君，不辭小官者，柳下惠也。三子者不同道，其趨一也。一者何也？曰：仁也。君子亦仁而已矣，何必同？”惡、趨，并去聲。仁者，無私心而合天理之謂。楊氏曰：“伊尹之就湯，以三聘之勤也。其就桀也，湯進之也。湯豈有伐桀之意哉？其進伊尹以事之也，欲其悔過遷善而已。伊尹既就湯，則以湯之心為心矣；及其終也，人歸之，天命之，不得已而伐之耳。若湯初求伊尹，即有伐桀之心，而伊尹遂相之以伐桀，是以取天下為心也。以取天下為心，豈圣人之心哉？”曰：“魯繆公之時，公儀子為政，子柳、子思為臣，魯之削也滋甚。若是乎賢者之無益于國也！”公儀子，名休，為魯相。子柳，泄柳也。削，地見侵奪也。髡譏孟子雖不去，亦未必能有為也。曰：“虞不用百里奚而亡，秦穆公用之而霸。不用賢則亡，削何可得與？”與，平聲。百里奚，事見前篇。曰：“昔者王豹處于淇，而河西善謳；綿駒處于高唐，而齊右善歌；華周、杞梁之妻善哭其夫，而變國俗。有諸內必形諸外。為其事而無其功者，髡未嘗睹之也。是故無賢者也，有則髡必識之。”華，去聲。王豹，衛人，善謳。淇，水名。綿駒，齊人，善歌。高唐，齊西邑。華周、杞梁，二人皆齊臣，戰死于莒。其妻哭之哀，國俗化之皆善哭。髡以此譏孟子仕齊無功，未足為賢也。曰：“孔子為魯司寇，不用，從而祭，燔肉不至，不稅冕而行。不知者以為為肉也。其知者以為為無禮也。乃孔子則欲以微罪行，不欲為茍去。君子之所為，眾人固不識也。”稅，音脫。為肉、為無之為，并去聲。按史記：“孔子為魯司寇，攝行相事。齊人聞而懼，于是以女樂遺魯君。季桓子與魯君往觀之，怠于政事。子路曰：‘夫子可以行矣。’孔子曰：‘魯今且郊，如致膰于大夫，則吾猶可以止。’桓子卒受齊女樂，郊又不致膰俎于大夫，孔子遂行。”孟子言以為為肉者，固不足道；以為為無禮，則亦未為深知孔子者。蓋圣人于父母之國，不欲顯其君相之失，又不欲為無故而茍去，故不以女樂去，而以膰肉行。其見幾明決，而用意忠厚，固非眾人所能識也。然則孟子之所為，豈髡之所能識哉？尹氏曰：“淳于髡未嘗知仁，亦〔一〕未嘗識賢也，宜乎其言若是。”〔一〕“亦”原作“而”，據清仿宋大字本改。
孟子曰：“五霸者，三王之罪人也；今之諸侯，五霸之罪人也；今之大夫，今之諸侯之罪人也。趙氏曰：“五霸：齊桓、晉文、秦穆、宋襄、楚莊也。三王，夏禹、商湯、周文、武也。”丁氏曰：“夏昆吾，商大彭、豕韋，周齊桓、晉文，謂之五霸。”天子適諸侯曰巡狩，諸侯朝于天子曰述職。春省耕而補不足，秋省斂而助不給。入其疆，土地辟，田野治，養老尊賢，俊杰在位，則有慶，慶以地。入其疆，土地荒蕪，遺老失賢，掊克在位，則有讓。一不朝，則貶其爵；再不朝，則削其地；三不朝，則六師移之。是故天子討而不伐，諸侯伐而不討。五霸者，摟諸侯以伐諸侯者也，故曰：五霸者，三王之罪人也。朝，音潮。辟，與辟同。治，去聲。慶，賞也，益其地以賞之也。掊克，聚斂也。讓，責也。移之者，誅其人而變置之也。討者，出命以討其罪，而使方伯連帥帥諸侯以伐之也。伐者奉天子之命，聲其罪而伐之也。摟，牽也。五霸牽諸侯以伐諸侯，不用天子之命也。自入其疆至則有讓，言巡狩之事；自一不朝至六師移之，言述職之事。五霸，桓公為盛。葵丘之會諸侯，束牲、載書而不歃血。初命曰：‘誅不孝，無易樹子，無以妾為妻。’再命曰：‘尊賢育才，以彰有德。’三命曰：‘敬老慈幼，無忘賓旅。’四命曰：‘士無世官，官事無攝，取士必得，無專殺大夫。’五命曰：‘無曲防，無遏糴，無有封而不告。’曰：‘凡我同盟之人，既盟之后，言歸于好。’今之諸侯，皆犯此五禁，故曰：今之諸侯，五霸之罪人也。歃，所洽反。糴，音狄。好，去聲。按春秋傳：“僖公九年，葵丘之會，陳牲而不殺。讀書加于牲上，壹明天子之禁。”樹，立也。已立世子，不得擅易。初命三事，所以修身正家之要也。賓，賓客也。旅，行旅也。皆當有以待之，不可忽忘也。士世祿而不世官，恐其未必賢也。官事無攝，當廣求賢才以充之，不可以闕人廢事也。取士必得，必得其人也。無專殺大夫，有罪則請命于天子而后殺之也。無曲防，不得曲為堤防，壅泉〔一〕激水，以專小利，病鄰國也。無遏糴，鄰國兇荒，不得閉糴也。無有封而不告者，不得專封國邑而不告天子也。長君之惡其罪小，逢君之惡其罪大。今之大夫，皆逢君之惡，故曰：今之大夫，今之諸侯之罪人也。”長，上聲。君有過不能諫，又順之者，長君之惡也。君之過未萌，而先意導之者，逢君之惡也。林氏曰：“邵子有言：‘治春秋者，不先治五霸之功罪，則事無統理，而不得圣人之心。春秋之閑，有功者未有大于五霸，有過者亦未有大于五霸。故五霸者，功之首，罪之魁也。’孟子此章之義，其若此也與？然五霸得罪于三王，今之諸侯得罪于五霸，皆出于異世，故得以逃其罪。至于今之大夫，其得罪于今之諸侯，則同時矣；而諸侯非惟莫之罪也，乃反以為良臣而厚禮之。不以為罪而反以為功，何其謬哉！”〔一〕“泉”原作“水”，據清仿宋大字本改。按說文：“泉，水原（源）也。”“壅泉”即下文“專小利”，“激水”即下文“病鄰國”。
魯欲使慎子為將軍。慎子，魯臣。孟子曰：“不教民而用之，謂之殃民。殃民者，不容于堯舜之世。教民者，教之禮義，使知入事父兄，出事長上也。用之，使之戰也。一戰勝齊，遂有南陽，然且不可。”是時魯蓋欲使慎子伐齊，取南陽也。故孟子言就使慎子善戰有功如此，且猶不可。慎子勃然不悅曰：“此則滑厘所不識也。”滑，音骨。滑厘，慎子名。曰：“吾明告子。天子之地方千里；不千里，不足以待諸侯。諸侯之地方百里；不百里，不足以守宗廟之典籍。待諸侯，謂待其朝覲聘問之禮。宗廟典籍，祭祀會同之常制也。周公之封于魯，為方百里也；地非不足，而儉于百里。太公之封于齊也，亦為方百里也；地非不足也，而儉于百里。二公有大勛勞于天下，而其封國不過百里。儉，止而不過之意也。今魯方百里者五，子以為有王者作，則魯在所損乎？在所益乎？魯地之大，皆幷吞小國而得之。有王者作，則必在所損矣。徒取諸彼以與此，然且仁者不為，況于殺人以求之乎？徒，空也，言不殺人而取之也。君子之事君也，務引其君以當道，志于仁而已。”當道，謂事合于理，志仁，謂心在于仁。
孟子曰：“今之事君者曰：‘我能為君辟土地，充府庫。’今之所謂良臣，古之所謂民賊也。君不鄉道，不志于仁，而求富之，是富桀也。為，去聲。辟，與辟同。鄉，與向同，下皆同。辟，開墾也。‘我能為君約與國，戰必克。’今之所謂良臣，古之所謂民賊也。君不鄉道，不志于仁，而求為之強戰，是輔桀也。約，要結也。與國，和好相與之國也。由今之道，無變今之俗，雖與之天下，不能一朝居也。”言必爭奪而至于危亡也。
白圭曰：“吾欲二十而取一，何如？”白圭，名丹，周人也。欲更稅法，二十分而取其一分。林氏曰：“按史記：白圭能薄飲食，忍嗜欲，與童仆同苦樂。樂觀時變，人棄我取，人取我與，以此居積致富。其為此論，蓋欲以其術施之國家也。”孟子曰：“子之道，貉道也。貉，音陌。貉，北方夷狄之國名也。萬室之國，一人陶，則可乎？”曰：“不可，器不足用也。”孟子設喻以詰圭，而圭亦知其不可也。曰：“夫貉，五谷不生，惟黍生之。無城郭、宮室、宗廟、祭祀之禮，無諸侯幣帛饔飧，無百官有司，故二十取一而足也。夫，音扶。北方地寒，不生五谷，黍早熟，故生之。饔飧，以飲食饋客之禮也。今居中國，去人倫，無君子，如之何其可也？無君臣、祭祀、交際之禮，是去人倫；無百官有司，是無君子。陶以寡，且不可以為國，況無君子乎？因其辭以折之。欲輕之于堯舜之道者，大貉小貉也；欲重之于堯舜之道者，大桀小桀也。”什一而稅，堯舜之道也。多則桀，寡則貉。今欲輕重之，則是小貉、小桀而已。
白圭曰：“丹之治水也愈于禹。”趙氏曰：“當時諸侯有小水，白圭為之筑堤，壅而注之他國。”孟子曰：“子過矣。禹之治水，水之道也。順水之性也。是故禹以四海為壑，今吾子以鄰國為壑。壑，受水處也。水逆行，謂之洚水。洚水者，洪水也，仁人之所惡也。吾子過矣。”惡，去聲。水逆行者，下流壅塞，故水逆流，今乃壅水以害人，則與洪水之災無異矣。
孟子曰：“君子不亮，惡乎執？”惡，平聲。亮，信也，與諒同。惡乎執，言凡事茍且，無所執持也。
魯欲(yu)使樂(le)正(zheng)(zheng)子(zi)為(wei)(wei)政。孟子(zi)曰(yue)：“吾聞(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，喜(xi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)寐。”喜(xi)其道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得行。公孫丑曰(yue)：“樂(le)正(zheng)(zheng)子(zi)強乎？”曰(yue)：“否。”“有(you)知慮乎？”曰(yue)：“否。”“多聞(wen)識乎？”曰(yue)：“否。”知，去聲(sheng)。此三者，皆當世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所尚(shang)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)樂(le)正(zheng)(zheng)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所短(duan)，故丑疑而(er)(er)(er)(er)歷問(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。“然(ran)則奚為(wei)(wei)喜(xi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)寐？”丑問(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)：“其為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)好(hao)善(shan)(shan)。”好(hao)，去聲(sheng)，下同。“好(hao)善(shan)(shan)足乎？”丑問(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)。曰(yue)：“好(hao)善(shan)(shan)優于(yu)天(tian)下，而(er)(er)(er)(er)況魯國乎？優，有(you)余裕也(ye)(ye)。言(yan)雖治(zhi)天(tian)下，尚(shang)有(you)余力也(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)茍好(hao)善(shan)(shan)，則四海(hai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內，皆將輕(qing)千(qian)里而(er)(er)(er)(er)來(lai)告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以善(shan)(shan)。夫(fu)，音扶(fu)，下同。輕(qing)，易也(ye)(ye)，言(yan)不(bu)(bu)以千(qian)里為(wei)(wei)難也(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)茍不(bu)(bu)好(hao)善(shan)(shan)，則人(ren)(ren)將曰(yue)：‘訑(yi)訑(yi)，予既已知之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。’訑(yi)訑(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聲(sheng)音顏色，距(ju)人(ren)(ren)于(yu)千(qian)里之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)。士止于(yu)千(qian)里之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)，則讒諂面(mian)(mian)諛(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)至(zhi)矣。與讒諂面(mian)(mian)諛(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)居，國欲(yu)治(zhi)，可得乎？”訑(yi)，音移。治(zhi)，去聲(sheng)。訑(yi)訑(yi)，自足其智(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)嗜善(shan)(shan)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。君(jun)子(zi)小人(ren)(ren)，迭(die)為(wei)(wei)消長。直諒多聞(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士遠，則讒諂面(mian)(mian)諛(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)至(zhi)，理勢然(ran)也(ye)(ye)。此章言(yan)為(wei)(wei)政，不(bu)(bu)在(zai)于(yu)用一己之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長，而(er)(er)(er)(er)貴于(yu)有(you)以來(lai)天(tian)下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)(shan)。

陳子曰：“古之君子何如則仕？”孟子曰：“所就三，所去三。其目在下。迎之致敬以有禮，言將行其言也，則就之；禮貌未衰，言弗行也，則去之。所謂見行可之仕，若孔子于季桓子是也。受女樂而不朝，則去之矣。其次，雖未行其言也，迎之致敬以有禮，則就之；禮貌衰，則去之。所謂際可之仕，若孔子于衛靈公是也。故與公游于囿，公仰視蜚鴈而后去之。其下，朝不食，夕不食，饑餓不能出門戶。君聞之曰：‘吾大者不能行其道，又不能從其言也，使饑餓于我土地，吾恥之。’周之，亦可受也，免死而已矣。”所謂公養之仕也。君之于民，固有周之之義，況此又有悔過之言，所以可受。然未至于饑餓不能出門戶，則猶不受也。其曰免死而已，則其所受亦有節矣。
孟子曰：“舜發于畎畝之中，傅說舉于版筑之閑，膠鬲舉于魚鹽之中，管夷吾舉于士，孫叔敖舉于海，百里奚舉于市。說，音悅。舜耕歷山，三十登庸。說筑傅嚴，武丁舉之。膠鬲遭亂，鬻販魚鹽，文王舉之。管仲囚于士官，桓公舉以相國。孫叔敖隱處海濱，楚莊王舉之為令尹。百里奚事見前篇。故天將降大任于是人也，必先苦其心志，勞其筋骨，餓其體膚，空乏其身，行拂亂其所為，所以動心忍性，曾益其所不能。曾，與增同。降大任，使之任大事也，若舜以下是也。空，窮也。乏，絕也。拂，戾也，言使之所為不遂，多背戾也。動心忍性，謂竦動其心，堅忍其性也。然所謂性，亦指氣稟食色而言耳。程子曰：“若要熟，也須從這里過。”人恒過，然后能改；困于心，衡于慮，而后作；征于色，發于聲，而后喻。衡，與橫同。恒，常也。猶言大率也。橫，不順也。作，奮起也。征，驗也。喻，曉也。此又言中人之性，常必有過，然后能改。蓋不能謹于平日，故必事勢窮蹙，以至困于心，橫于慮，然后能奮發而興起；不能燭于幾微，故必事理暴著，以至驗于人之色，發于人之聲，然后能警悟而通曉也。入則無法家拂士，出則無敵國外患者，國恒亡。拂，與弼同。此言國亦然也。法家，法度之世臣也。拂士，輔弼之賢士也。然后知生于憂患而死于安樂也。”樂，音洛。以上文觀之，則知人之生全，出于憂患，而死亡由于安樂矣。尹氏曰：“言困窮拂郁，能堅人之志，而熟人之仁，以安樂失之者多矣。”
孟(meng)子曰：“教(jiao)(jiao)亦多(duo)(duo)術(shu)(shu)矣，予(yu)不(bu)(bu)屑(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)誨(hui)(hui)(hui)也(ye)者(zhe)，是(shi)亦教(jiao)(jiao)誨(hui)(hui)(hui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)已矣。”多(duo)(duo)術(shu)(shu)，言非一端(duan)。屑(xie)，潔(jie)也(ye)。不(bu)(bu)以其(qi)人(ren)為潔(jie)而(er)拒絕(jue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，所謂(wei)不(bu)(bu)屑(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)誨(hui)(hui)(hui)也(ye)。其(qi)人(ren)若能感(gan)此，退自修省(sheng)，則是(shi)亦我教(jiao)(jiao)誨(hui)(hui)(hui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。尹氏曰：“言或(huo)抑或(huo)揚，或(huo)與或(huo)不(bu)(bu)與，各因其(qi)材而(er)篤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，無(wu)非教(jiao)(jiao)也(ye)。”

孟子卷十三　盡心章句(ju)上

凡四十六章。
孟子曰：“盡其心者，知其性也。知其性，則知天矣。心者，人之神明，所以具眾理而應萬事者也。性則心之所具之理，而天又理之所從以出者也。人有是心，莫非全體，然不窮理，則有所蔽而無以盡乎此心之量。故能極其心之全體而無不盡者，必其能窮夫理而無不知者也。既知其理，則其所從出。亦不外是矣。以大學之序言之，知性則物格之謂，盡心則知至之謂也。存其心，養其性，所以事天也。存，謂操而不舍；養，謂順而不害。事，則奉承而不違也。殀壽不貳，修身以俟之，所以立命也。”殀壽，命之短長也。貳，疑也。不貳者，知天之至，修身以俟死，則事天以終身也。立命，謂全其天之所付，不以人為害之。程子曰：“心也、性也、天也，一理也。自理而言謂之天，自稟受而言謂之性，自存諸人而言謂之心。”張子曰：“由太虛，有天之名；由氣化，有道之名；合虛與氣，有性之名；合性與知覺，有心之名。”愚謂盡心知性而知天，所以造其理也；存心養性以事天，所以履其事也。不知其理，固不能履其事；然徒造其理而不履其事，則亦無以有諸己矣。知天而不以殀壽貳其心，智之盡也；事天而能修身以俟死，仁之至也。智有不盡，固不知所以為仁；然智而不仁，則亦將流蕩不法，而不足以為智矣。
孟子曰：“莫非命也，順受其正。人物之生，吉兇禍福，皆天所命。然惟莫之致而至者，乃為正命，故君子修身以俟之，所以順受乎此也。是故知命者，不立乎巖墻之下。命，謂正命。巖墻，墻之將覆者。知正命，則不處危地以取覆壓之禍。盡其道而死者，正命也。盡其道，則所值之吉兇，皆莫之致而至者矣。桎梏死者，非正命也。”桎梏，所以拘罪人者。言犯罪而死，與立巖墻之下者同，皆人所取，非天所為也。此章與上章蓋一時之言，所以發其末句未盡之意。
孟子曰：“求則得之，舍則失之，是求有益于得也，求在我者也。舍，上聲。在我者，謂仁義禮智，凡性之所有者。求之有道，得之有命，是求無益于得也，求在外者也。”有道，言不可妄求。有命，則不可必得。在外者，謂富貴利達，凡外物皆是。趙氏曰：“言為仁由己，富貴在天，如不可求，從吾所好。”
孟子曰：“萬物皆備于我矣。此言理之本然也。大則君臣父子，小則事物細微，其當然之理，無一不具于性分之內也。反身而誠，樂莫大焉。樂，音洛。誠，實也。言反諸身，而所備之理，皆如惡惡臭、好好色之實然，則其行之不待勉強而無不利矣，其為樂孰大于是。強恕而行，求仁莫近焉。”強，上聲。強，勉強也。恕，推己以及人也。反身而誠則仁矣，其有未誠，則是猶有私意之隔，而理未純也。故當凡事勉強，推己及人，庶幾心公理得而仁不遠也。此章言萬物之理具于吾身，體之而實，則道在我而樂有余；行之以恕，則私不容而仁可得。
孟子曰：“行之而不著焉，習矣而不察焉，終身由之而不知其道者，眾也。”著者，知之明；察者，識之精。言方行之而不能明其所當然，既習矣而猶不識其所以然，所以終身由之而不知其道者多也。
孟子曰：“人不可以無恥。無恥之恥，無恥矣。”趙氏曰：“人能恥己之無所恥，是能改行從善之人，終身無復有恥辱之累矣。”
孟子曰：“恥之于人大矣。恥者，吾所固有羞惡之心也。存之則進于圣賢，失之則入于禽獸，故所系為甚大。為機變之巧者，無所用恥焉。為機械變詐之巧者，所為之事皆人所深恥，而彼方且自以為得計，故無所用其愧恥之心也。不恥不若人，何若人有？”但無恥一事不如人，則事事不如人矣。或曰：“不恥其不如人，則何能有如人之事。”其義亦通。或問：“人有恥不能之心如何？”程子曰：“恥其不能而為之可也，恥其不能而掩藏之不可也。”
孟子曰：“古之賢王好善而忘勢，古之賢士何獨不然？樂其道而忘人之勢。故王公不致敬盡禮，則不得亟見之。見且由不得亟，而況得而臣之乎？”好，去聲。樂，音洛。亟，去吏反。言君當屈己以下賢，士不枉道而求利。二者勢若相反，而實則相成，蓋亦各盡其道而已。
孟子謂宋句踐曰：“子好游乎？吾語子游。句，音鉤。好、語，皆去聲。宋，姓。句踐，名。游，游說也。人知之，亦囂囂；人不知，亦囂囂。”趙氏曰：“囂囂，自得無欲之貌。”曰：“何如斯可以囂囂矣？”曰：“尊德樂義，則可以囂囂矣。樂，音洛。德，謂所得之善。尊之，則有以自重，而不慕乎人爵之榮。義，謂所守之正。樂之，則有以自安，而不殉乎外物之誘矣。故士窮不失義，達不離道。離，力智反。言不以貧賤而移，不以富貴而淫，此尊德樂義見于行事之實也。窮不失義，故士得己焉；達不離道，故民不失望焉。得己，言不失己也。民不失望，言人素望其興道致治，而今果如所望也。古之人，得志，澤加于民；不得志，修身見于世。窮則獨善其身，達則兼善天下。”見，音現。見，謂名實之顯著也。此又言士得己、民不失望之實。此章言內重而外輕，則無往而不善。
孟子曰：“待文王而后興者，凡民也。若夫豪杰之士，雖無文王猶興。”夫，音扶。興者，感動奮發之意。凡民，庸常之人也。豪杰，有過人之才智者也。蓋降衷秉彝，人所同得，惟上智之資無物欲之蔽，為能無待于教，而自能感發以有為也。
孟子曰：“附之以韓魏之家，如其自視欿然，則過人遠矣。”欿，音坎。附，益也。韓魏，晉卿富家也。欿然，不自滿之意。尹氏曰：“言有過人之識，則不以富貴為事。”
孟子曰：“以佚道使民，雖勞不怨；以生道殺民，雖死不怨殺者。”程子曰：“以佚道使民，謂本欲佚之也，播谷乘屋之類是也。以生道殺民，謂本欲生之也，除害去惡之類是也。蓋不得已而為其所當為，則雖咈民之欲而民不怨，其不然者反是。”
孟子曰：“霸者之民，驩虞如也；王者之民，皞皞如也。皞，胡老反。驩虞，與歡娛同。皞皞，廣大自得之貌。程子曰：“驩虞，有所造為而然，豈能久也？耕田鑿井，帝力何有于我？如天之自然，乃王者之政。”楊氏曰：“所以致人驩虞，必有違道干譽之事；若王者則如天，亦不令人喜，亦不令人怒。”殺之而不怨，利之而不庸，民日遷善而不知為之者。此所謂皞皞如也。庸，功也。豐氏曰：“因民之所惡而去之，非有心于殺之也，何怨之有？因民之所利而利之，非有心于利之也，何庸之有？輔其性之自然，使自得之，故民日遷善而不知誰之所為也。”夫君子所過者化，所存者神，上下與天地同流，豈曰小補之哉？”夫，音扶。君子，圣人之通稱也。所過者化，身所經歷之處，即人無不化，如舜之耕歷山而田者遜畔，陶河濱而器不苦窳也。所存者神，心所存主處便神妙不測，如孔子之立斯立、道斯行、綏斯來、動斯和，莫知其所以然而然也。是其德業之盛，乃與天地之化同運并行，舉一世而甄陶之，非如霸者但小小補塞其罅漏而已。此則王道之所以為大，而學者所當盡心也。
孟子曰：“仁言，不如仁聲之入人深也。程子曰：“仁言，謂以仁厚之言加于民。仁聲，謂仁聞，謂有仁之實而為眾所稱道者也。此尤見仁德之昭著，故其感人尤深也。”善政，不如善教之得民也。政，謂法度禁令，所以制其外也。教，謂道德齊禮，所以格其心也。善政民畏之，善教民愛之；善政得民財，善教得民心。”得民財者，百姓足而君無不足也；得民心者，不遺其親，不后其君也。
孟子曰：“人之所不學而能者，其良能也；所不慮而知者，其良知也。良者，本然之善也。程子曰：“良知良能，皆無所由；乃出于天，不系于人。”孩提之童，無不知愛其親者；及其長也，無不知敬其兄也。長，上聲，下同。孩提，二三歲之閑，知孩笑、可提抱者也。愛親敬長，所謂良知良能者也。親親，仁也；敬長，義也。無他，達之天下也。”言親親敬長，雖一人之私，然達之天下無不同者，所以為仁義也。
孟子曰：“舜之居深山之中，與木石居，與鹿豕游，其所以異于深山之野人者幾希。及其聞一善言，見一善行，若決江河，沛然莫之能御也。”行，去聲。居深山，謂耕歷山時也。蓋圣人之心，至虛至明，渾然之中，萬理畢具。一有感觸，則其應甚速，而無所不通，非孟子造道之深，不能形容至此也。
孟子曰：“無為其所不為，無欲其所不欲，如此而已矣。”李氏曰：“有所不為不欲，人皆有是心也。至于私意一萌，而不能以禮義制之，則為所不為、欲所不欲者多矣。能反是心，則所謂擴充其羞惡之心者，而義不可勝用矣，故曰如此而已矣。”
孟子曰：“人之有德慧術知者，恒存乎疢疾。知，去聲。疢，丑刃反。德慧者，德之慧。術知者，術之知。疢疾，猶災患也。言人必有疢疾，則能動心忍性，增益其所不能也。獨孤臣孽子，其操心也危，其慮患也深，故達。”孤臣，遠臣；孽子，庶子，皆不得于君親，而常有疢疾者也。達，謂達于事理，即所謂德慧術知也。
孟子曰：“有事君人者，事是君則為容悅者也。阿殉以為容，逢迎以為悅，此鄙夫之事、妾婦之道也。有安社稷臣者，以安社稷為悅者也。言大臣之計安社稷，如小人之務悅其君，眷眷于此而不忘也。有天民者，達可行于天下而后行之者也。民者，無位之稱。以其全盡天理，乃天之民，故謂之天民。必其道可行于天下，然后行之；不然，則寧沒世不見知而不悔，不肯小用其道以殉于人也。張子曰：“必功覆斯民然后出，如伊呂之徒。”有大人者，正己而物正者也。”大人，德盛而上下化之，所謂“見龍在田，天下文明”者。此章言人品不同，略有四等。容悅佞臣不足言。安社稷則忠矣，然猶一國之士也。天民則非一國之士矣，然猶有意也。無意無必，惟其所在而物無不化，惟圣者能之。
孟子曰：“君子有三樂，而王天下不與存焉。樂，音洛。王、與，皆去聲，下并同。父母俱存，兄弟無故，一樂也。此人所深愿而不可必得者，今既得之，其樂可知。仰不愧于天，俯不怍于人，二樂也。程子曰：“人能克己，則仰不愧，俯不怍，心廣體胖，其樂可知，有息則餒矣。”得天下英才而教育之，三樂也。盡得一世明睿之才，而以所樂乎己者教而養之，則斯道之傳得之者眾，而天下后世將無不被其澤矣。圣人之心所愿欲者，莫大于此，今既得之，其樂為何如哉？君子有三樂，而王天下不與存焉。”林氏曰：“此三樂者，一系于天，一系于人。其可以自致者，惟不愧不怍而已，學者可不勉哉？”
孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰：“廣土眾民，君(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)欲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，所(suo)樂(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)存焉(yan)(yan)(yan)。樂(le)，音洛，下同。地(di)辟民聚(ju)，澤(ze)可遠施(shi)，故(gu)君(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)欲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，然未足以(yi)為(wei)樂(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。中天(tian)下而(er)(er)立，定四(si)(si)海之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民，君(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)樂(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，所(suo)性不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)存焉(yan)(yan)(yan)。其(qi)(qi)道大行，無(wu)一夫(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)被其(qi)(qi)澤(ze)，故(gu)君(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)樂(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，然其(qi)(qi)所(suo)得(de)于(yu)(yu)天(tian)者(zhe)(zhe)則(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。君(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)性，雖(sui)大行不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)加焉(yan)(yan)(yan)，雖(sui)窮(qiong)居不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)損焉(yan)(yan)(yan)，分定故(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。分，去(qu)聲(sheng)。分者(zhe)(zhe)，所(suo)得(de)于(yu)(yu)天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)全體(ti)，故(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)窮(qiong)達而(er)(er)有(you)(you)異。君(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)性，仁(ren)義禮智根(gen)(gen)于(yu)(yu)心。其(qi)(qi)生色也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，睟(sui)(sui)然見(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)面，盎于(yu)(yu)背(bei)，施(shi)于(yu)(yu)四(si)(si)體(ti)，四(si)(si)體(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)而(er)(er)喻(yu)。”睟(sui)(sui)，音粹(cui)。見(jian)(jian)，音現。盎，烏浪(lang)反。上言(yan)所(suo)性之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分，與所(suo)欲所(suo)樂(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同，此乃言(yan)其(qi)(qi)蘊也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。仁(ren)義禮智，性之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)(si)德也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。根(gen)(gen)，本也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。生，發(fa)見(jian)(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。睟(sui)(sui)然，清(qing)和(he)潤澤(ze)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌(mao)。盎，豐(feng)厚盈溢(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。施(shi)于(yu)(yu)四(si)(si)體(ti)，謂見(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)動作威儀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)閑(xian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。喻(yu)，曉也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。四(si)(si)體(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)而(er)(er)喻(yu)，言(yan)四(si)(si)體(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)待吾言(yan)，而(er)(er)自(zi)能曉吾意(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蓋(gai)氣稟清(qing)明，無(wu)物欲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)累，則(ze)性之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)(si)德根(gen)(gen)本于(yu)(yu)心，其(qi)(qi)積之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛，則(ze)發(fa)而(er)(er)著見(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)外者(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)待言(yan)而(er)(er)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)順(shun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。程(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰：“睟(sui)(sui)面盎背(bei)，皆積盛致然。四(si)(si)體(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)而(er)(er)喻(yu)，惟有(you)(you)德者(zhe)(zhe)能之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”此章言(yan)君(jun)(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)固欲其(qi)(qi)道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大行，然其(qi)(qi)所(suo)得(de)于(yu)(yu)天(tian)者(zhe)(zhe)，則(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)是而(er)(er)有(you)(you)所(suo)加損也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

孟子曰：“伯夷辟紂，居北海之濱，聞文王作興，曰：‘盍歸乎來！吾聞西伯善養老者。’太公辟紂，居東海之濱，聞文王作興，曰：‘盍歸乎來！吾聞西伯善養老者。’天下有善養老，則仁人以為己歸矣。辟，去聲，下同。大，他蓋反。己歸，謂己之所歸。余見前篇。五畝之宅，樹墻下以桑，匹婦蠶之，則老者足以衣帛矣。五母雞，二母彘，無失其時，老者足以無失肉矣。百畝之田，匹夫耕之，八口之家足以無饑矣。衣，去聲。此文王之政也。一家養母雞五，母彘二也。余見前篇。所謂西伯善養老者，制其田里，教之樹畜，導其妻子，使養其老。五十非帛不暖，七十非肉不飽。不暖不飽，謂之凍餒。文王之民，無凍餒之老者，此之謂也。”田，謂百畝之田。里，謂五畝之宅。樹，謂耕桑。畜，謂雞彘也。趙氏曰：“善養老者，教導之使可以養其老耳，非家賜而人益之也。”
孟子曰：“易其田疇，薄其稅斂，民可使富也。易、斂，皆去聲。易，治也。疇，耕治之田也。食之以時，用之以禮，財不可勝用也。勝，音升。教民節儉，則財用足也。民非水火不生活，昏暮叩人之門戶，求水火，無弗與者，至足矣。圣人治天下，使有菽粟如水火。菽粟如水火，而民焉有不仁者乎？”焉，于虔反。水火，民之所急，宜其愛之而反不愛者，多故也。尹氏曰：“言禮義生于富足，民無常產，則無常心矣。”
孟子曰：“孔子登東山而小魯，登太山而小天下。故觀于海者難為水，游于圣人之門者難為言。此言圣人之道大也。東山，蓋魯城東之高山，而太山則又高矣。此言所處益高，則其視下益小；所見既大，則其小者不足觀也。難為水，難為言，猶仁不可為眾之意。觀水有術，必觀其瀾。日月有明，容光必照焉。此言道之有本也。瀾，水之湍急處也。明者，光之體；光者，明之用也。觀水之瀾，則知其源之有本矣；觀日月于容光之隙無不照，則知其明之有本矣。流水之為物也，不盈科不行；君子之志于道也，不成章不達。”言學當以漸，乃能至也。成章，所積者厚，而文章外見也。達者，足于此而通于彼也。此章言圣人之道大而有本，學之者必以其漸，乃能至也。
孟子曰：“雞鳴而起，孳孳為善者，舜之徒也。孳孳，勤勉之意。言雖未至于圣人，亦是圣人之徒也。雞鳴而起，孳孳為利者，跖之徒也。跖，盜跖也。欲知舜與跖之分，無他，利與善之閑也。”程子曰：“言閑者，謂相去不遠，所爭毫末耳。善與利，公私而已矣。纔出于善，便以利言也。”楊氏曰：“舜跖之相去遠矣，而其分，乃在利善之閑而已，是豈可以不謹？然講之不熟，見之不明，未有不以利為義者，又學者所當深察也。”或問：“雞鳴而起，若未接物，如何為善？”程子曰：“只主于敬，便是為善。”
孟子曰：“楊子取為我，拔一毛而利天下，不為也。為我之為，去聲。楊子，名朱。取者，僅足之意。取為我者，僅足于為我而已，不及為人也。列子稱其言曰，“伯成子高不以一毫利物”，是也。墨子兼愛，摩頂放踵利天下，為之。放，上聲。墨子，名翟。兼愛，無所不愛也。摩頂，摩突其頂也。放，至也。子莫執中，執中為近之，執中無權，猶執一也。子莫，魯之賢人也。知楊墨之失中也，故度于二者之閑而執其中。近，近道也。權，稱錘也，所以稱物之輕重而取中也。執中而無權，則膠于一定之中而不知變，是亦執一而已矣。程子曰：“中字最難識，須是默識心通。且試言一廳，則中央為中；一家，則廳非中而堂為中；一國，則堂非中而國之中為中，推此類可見矣。”又曰：“中不可執也，識得則事事物物皆有自然之中，不待安排，安排著則不中矣。”所惡執一者，為其賊道也，舉一而廢百也。”惡、為，皆去聲。賊，害也。為我害仁，兼愛害義，執中者害于時中，皆舉一而廢百者也。此章言道之所貴者中，中之所貴者權。楊氏曰：“禹稷三過其門而不入，茍不當其可，則與墨子無異。顏子在陋巷，不改其樂，茍不當其可，則與楊氏無異。子莫執為我兼愛之中而無權，鄉鄰有斗而不知閉戶，同室有斗而不知救之，是亦猶執一耳，故孟子以為賊道。禹、稷、顏回，易地則皆然，以其有權也；不然，則是亦楊墨而已矣。
孟子曰：“饑者甘食，渴者甘飲，是未得飲食之正也，饑渴害之也。豈惟口腹有饑渴之害？人心亦皆有害。口腹為饑渴所害，故于飲食不暇擇，而失其正味；人心為貧賤所害，故于富貴不暇擇，而失其正理。人能無以饑渴之害為心害，則不及人不為憂矣。”人能不以貧賤之故而動其心，則過人遠矣。
孟子曰：“柳下惠不以三公易其介。”介，有分辨之意。柳下惠進不隱賢，必以其道，遺佚不怨，阨窮不憫，直道事人，至于三黜，是其介也。此章言柳下惠和而不流，與孔子論夷齊不念舊惡意正相類，皆圣賢微顯闡幽之意也。
孟子曰：“有為者辟若掘井，掘井九軔而不及泉，猶為棄井也。”辟，讀作譬。軔，音刃，與仞同。八尺為仞。言鑿井雖深，然未及泉而止，猶為自棄其井也。呂侍講曰：“仁不如堯，孝不如舜，學不如孔子，終未入于圣人之域，終未至于天道，未免為半涂而廢、自棄前功也。”
孟子曰：“堯舜，性之也；湯武，身之也；五霸，假之也。堯舜天性渾全，不假修習。湯武修身體道，以復其性。五霸則假借仁義之名，以求濟其貪欲之私耳。久假而不歸，惡知其非有也。”惡，平聲。歸，還也。有，實有也。言竊其名以終身，而不自知其非真有。或曰：“蓋嘆世人莫覺其偽者。”亦通。舊說，久假不歸，即為真有，則誤矣。尹氏曰：“性之者，與道一也；身之者，履之也，及其成功則一也。五霸則假之而已，是以功烈如彼其卑也。”
公孫丑曰：“伊尹曰：‘予不狎于不順。’放太甲于桐，民大悅。太甲賢。又反之，民大悅。子不狎于不順，太甲篇文。狎，習見也。不順，言太甲所為，不順義理也。余見前篇。賢者之為人臣也，其君不賢，則固可放與？”與，平聲。孟子曰：“有伊尹之志，則可；無伊尹之志，則篡也。”伊尹之志，公天下以為心而無一毫之私者也。
公孫丑曰：“詩曰‘不素餐兮’，君子之不耕而食，何也？”孟子曰：“君子居是國也，其君用之，則安富尊榮；其子弟從之，則孝弟忠信。‘不素餐兮’，孰大于是？”餐，七丹反。詩魏國風伐檀之篇。素，空也。無功而食祿，謂之素餐，此與告陳相、彭更之意同。
王子墊問曰：“士何事？”墊，丁念反。墊，齊王之子也。上則公卿大夫，下則農工商賈，皆有所事；而士居其閑，獨無所事，故王子問之也。孟子曰：“尚志。”尚，高尚也。志者，心之所之也。士既未得行公、卿、大夫之道，又不當為農、工、商、賈之業，則高尚其志而已。曰：“何謂尚志？”曰：“仁義而已矣。殺一無罪，非仁也；非其有而取之，非義也。居惡在？仁是也；路惡在？義是也。居仁由義，大人之事備矣。”惡，平聲。非仁非義之事，雖小不為；而所居所由，無不在于仁義，此士所以尚其志也。大人，謂公、卿、大夫。言士雖未得大人之位，而其志如此，則大人之事體用已全。若小人之事，則固非所當為也。
孟子曰：“仲子，不義與之齊國而弗受，人皆信之，是舍簞食豆羹之義也。人莫大焉亡親戚、君臣、上下。以其小者信其大者，奚可哉？”舍，音舍。食，音嗣。仲子，陳仲子也。言仲子設若非義而與之齊國，必不肯受。齊人皆信其賢，然此但小廉耳。其辟兄離母，不食君祿，無人道之大倫，罪莫大焉。豈可以小廉信其大節，而遂以為賢哉？
桃應問曰：“舜為天子，皋陶為士，瞽瞍殺人，則如之何？”桃應，孟子弟子也。其意以為舜雖愛父，而不可以私害公；皋陶雖執法，而不可以刑天子之父。故設此問，以觀圣賢用心之所極，非以為真有此事也。孟子曰：“執之而已矣。”言皋陶之心，知有法而已，不知有天子之父也。“然則舜不禁與？”與，平聲。桃應問也。曰：“夫舜惡得而禁之？夫有所受之也。”夫，音扶。惡，平聲。言皋陶之法，有所傳受，非所敢私，雖天子之命亦不得而廢之也。“然則舜如之何？”桃應問也。曰：“舜視棄天下，猶棄敝蹝也。竊負而逃，遵海濱而處，終身欣然，樂而忘天下。”蹝，音徙。欣，與欣同。樂，音洛。蹝，草履也。遵，循也。言舜之心。知有父而已，不知有天下也。孟子嘗言舜視天下猶草芥，而惟順于父母可以解憂，與此意互相發。此章言為士者，但知有法，而不知天子父之為尊；為子者，但知有父，而不知天下之為大。蓋其所以為心者，莫非天理之極，人倫之至。學者察此而有得焉，則不待較計論量，而天下無難處之事矣。
孟(meng)子(zi)自范之(zhi)齊，望見(jian)齊王之(zhi)子(zi)。喟然嘆曰(yue)(yue)：“居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)移氣，養(yang)移體，大(da)哉居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)乎！夫非(fei)(fei)盡人(ren)之(zhi)子(zi)與？”夫，音(yin)扶(fu)。與，平(ping)聲。范，齊邑(yi)。居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，謂(wei)所處之(zhi)位(wei)。養(yang)，奉養(yang)也。言(yan)人(ren)之(zhi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)處，所系甚大(da)，王子(zi)亦人(ren)子(zi)耳，特以(yi)所居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)不(bu)同(tong)，故所養(yang)不(bu)同(tong)而其(qi)氣體有異也。孟(meng)子(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：張鄒皆云羨文也。“王子(zi)宮室、車馬、衣服多(duo)與人(ren)同(tong)，而王子(zi)若彼(bi)者(zhe)，其(qi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)使之(zhi)然也；況居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)廣(guang)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)者(zhe)乎？廣(guang)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，見(jian)前篇。尹(yin)氏曰(yue)(yue)：“睟(sui)然見(jian)于(yu)面，盎于(yu)背，居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)廣(guang)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)者(zhe)然也。”魯君之(zhi)宋(song)，呼于(yu)垤澤之(zhi)門。守者(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)：‘此非(fei)(fei)吾君也，何其(qi)聲之(zhi)似我君也？’此無他，居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)相似也。”呼，去(qu)聲。垤澤，宋(song)城門名也。孟(meng)子(zi)又(you)引此事為(wei)證。

孟子曰：“食而弗愛，豕交之也；愛而不敬，獸畜之也。食，音嗣。畜，許六反。交，接也。畜，養也。獸，謂犬馬之屬。恭敬者，幣之未將者也。將，猶奉也。詩曰：“承筐是將。”程子曰：“恭敬雖因威儀幣帛而后發見，然幣之未將時，已有此恭敬之心，非因幣帛而后有也。”恭敬而無實，君子不可虛拘。”此言當時諸侯之待賢者，特以幣帛為恭敬，而無其實也。拘，留也。
孟子曰：“形色，天性也；惟圣人，然后可以踐形。”人之有形有色，無不各有自然之理，所謂天性也。踐，如踐言之踐。蓋眾人有是形，而不能盡其理，故無以踐其形；惟圣人有是形，而又能盡其理，然后可以踐其形而無歉也。程子曰：“此言圣人盡得人道而能充其形也。蓋人得天地之正氣而生，與萬物不同。既為人，須盡得人理，然后稱其名。眾人有之而不知，賢人踐之而未盡，能充其形，惟圣人也。”楊氏曰：“天生烝民，有物有則。物者，形色也。則者，性也。各盡其則，則可以踐形矣。”
齊宣王欲短喪。公孫丑曰：“為期之喪，猶愈于已乎？”已，猶止也。孟子曰：“是猶或紾其兄之臂，子謂之姑徐徐云爾，亦教之孝弟而已矣。”紾，之忍反。紾，戾也。教之以孝弟之道，則彼當自知兄之不可戾，而喪之不可短矣。孔子曰：“子生三年，然后免于父母之懷，予也有三年之愛于其父母乎？”所謂教之以孝弟者如此。蓋示之以至情之不能已者，非強之也。王子有其母死者，其傅為之請數月之喪。公孫丑曰：“若此者，何如也？”為，去聲。陳氏曰：“王子所生之母死，厭于嫡母而不敢終喪。其傅為請于王，欲使得行數月之喪也。時又適有此事，丑問如此者，是非何如？”按儀禮：“公子為其母練冠、麻衣、縓緣，既葬除之。”疑當時此禮已廢，或既葬而未忍即除，故請之也。曰：“是欲終之而不可得也。雖加一日愈于已，謂夫莫之禁而弗為者也。夫，音扶。言王子欲終喪而不可得，其傅為請，雖止得加一日，猶勝不加。我前所譏，乃謂夫莫之禁而自不為者耳。此章言三年通喪，天經地義，不容私意有所短長。示之至情，則不肖者有以企而及之矣。
孟子曰：“君子之所以教者五：下文五者，蓋因人品高下，或相去遠近先后之不同。有如時雨化之者，時雨，及時之雨也。草木之生，播種封植，人力已至而未能自化，所少者，雨露之滋耳。及此時而雨之，則其化速矣。教人之妙，亦猶是也，若孔子之于顏曾是已。有成德者，有達財者，財，與材同。此各因其所長而教之者也。成德，如孔子之于冉閔；達財，如孔子之于由賜。有答問者，就所問而答之，若孔孟之于樊遲、萬章也。有私淑艾者。艾，音乂。私，竊也。淑，善也。艾，治也。人或不能及門受業，但聞君子之道于人，而竊以善治其身，是亦君子教誨之所及，若孔孟之于陳亢、夷之是也。孟子亦曰：“予未得為孔子徒也，予私淑諸人也。”此五者，君子之所以教也。”圣賢施教，各因其材，小以成小，大以成大，無棄人也。
公孫丑曰：“道則高矣，美矣，宜若登天然，似不可及也。何不使彼為可幾及而日孳孳也？”幾，音機。
孟子曰：“大匠不為拙工改廢繩墨，羿不為拙射變其彀率。為，去聲。彀，古候反。率，音律。彀率，彎弓之限也。言教人者，皆有不可易之法，不容自貶以殉學者之不能也。君子引而不發，躍如也。中道而立，能者從之。”引，引弓也。發，發矢也。躍如，如踴躍而出也。因上文彀率，而言君子教人，但授以學之之法，而不告以得之之妙，如射者之引弓而不發矢，然其所不告者，已如踴躍而見于前矣。中者，無過不及之謂。中道而立，言其非難非易。能者從之，言學者當自勉也。此章言道有定體，教有成法；卑不可抗，高不可貶；語不能顯，默不能藏。
孟子曰：“天下有道，以道殉身；天下無道，以身殉道。殉，如殉葬之殉，以死隨物之名也。身出則道在必行，道屈則身在必退，以死相從而不離也。未聞以道殉乎人者也。”以道從人，妾婦之道。
公都子曰：“滕更之在門也，若在所禮。而不答，何也？”更，平聲。趙氏曰：“滕更，滕君之弟，來學者也。”孟子曰：“挾貴而問，挾賢而問，挾長而問，挾有勛勞而問，挾故而問，皆所不答也。滕更有二焉。”長，上聲。趙氏曰：“二，謂挾貴、挾賢也。”尹氏曰：“有所挾，則受道之心不專，所以不答也。”此言君子雖誨人不倦，又惡夫意之不誠者。
孟子曰：“于不可已而已者，無所不已；于所厚者薄，無所不薄也。已，止也。不可止，謂所不得不為者也。所厚，所當厚者也。此言不及者之弊。其進銳者，其退速。”進銳者，用心太過，其氣易衰，故退速。三者之弊，理勢必然，雖過不及之不同，然卒同歸于廢弛。
孟子曰：“君子之于物也，愛之而弗仁；于民也，仁之而弗親。親親而仁民，仁民而愛物。”物，謂禽獸草木。愛，謂取之有時，用之有節。程子曰：“仁，推己及人，如老吾老以及人之老，于民則可，于物則不可。統而言之則皆仁，分而言之則有序。”楊氏曰：“其分不同，故所施不能無差等，所謂理一而分殊者也。”尹氏曰：“何以有是差等？一本故也，無偽也。”
孟子(zi)曰：“知(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)無(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)，當務(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)急(ji)(ji)；仁(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)無(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)愛也(ye)(ye)，急(ji)(ji)親賢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)務(wu)(wu)。堯(yao)舜(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)知(zhi)(zhi)而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)遍(bian)物，急(ji)(ji)先務(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)；堯(yao)舜(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仁(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)遍(bian)愛人(ren)，急(ji)(ji)親賢也(ye)(ye)。知(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)知(zhi)(zhi)，并去聲。知(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)固無(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)，然(ran)常(chang)以所當務(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)急(ji)(ji)，則(ze)事無(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)治(zhi)，而(er)其為(wei)知(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)大矣(yi)；仁(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)固無(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)愛，然(ran)常(chang)急(ji)(ji)于(yu)親賢，則(ze)恩無(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)洽，而(er)其為(wei)仁(ren)也(ye)(ye)博(bo)矣(yi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)三(san)年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喪(sang)，而(er)緦小(xiao)功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)察(cha)；放飯(fan)流(liu)(liu)歠(chuo)，而(er)問無(wu)(wu)(wu)齒決(jue)，是之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)。”飯(fan)，扶(fu)晚反。歠(chuo)，昌悅反。三(san)年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喪(sang)，服之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。緦麻三(san)月，小(xiao)功(gong)五月，服之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。察(cha)，致詳(xiang)也(ye)(ye)。放飯(fan)，大飯(fan)。流(liu)(liu)歠(chuo)，長歠(chuo)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)敬(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。齒決(jue)，嚙斷(duan)干肉(rou)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)敬(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。問，講求之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。此章言君子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)道，識其全(quan)體(ti)，則(ze)心不(bu)(bu)(bu)狹(xia)；知(zhi)(zhi)所先后，則(ze)事有(you)序。豐氏曰：“智不(bu)(bu)(bu)急(ji)(ji)于(yu)先務(wu)(wu)，雖遍(bian)知(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所知(zhi)(zhi)、遍(bian)能(neng)(neng)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所能(neng)(neng)，徒弊(bi)精神，而(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)益于(yu)天下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)矣(yi)。仁(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)急(ji)(ji)于(yu)親賢，雖有(you)仁(ren)民(min)愛物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心，小(xiao)人(ren)在位，無(wu)(wu)(wu)由(you)下達，聰明日(ri)蔽(bi)于(yu)上，而(er)惡政日(ri)加于(yu)下，此孟子(zi)所謂(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)。

孟子(zi)卷十(shi)四　盡心章句下(xia)

凡三十八章。
孟子曰：“不仁哉，梁惠王也！仁者以其所愛及其所不愛，不仁者以其所不愛及其所愛。”親親而仁民，仁民而愛物，所謂以其所愛及其所不愛也。公孫丑曰：“何謂也？”“梁惠王以土地之故，糜爛其民而戰之，大敗，將復之，恐不能勝，故驅其所愛子弟以殉之，是之謂以其所不愛及其所愛也。”梁惠王以下，孟子答辭也。糜爛其民，使之戰斗，糜爛其血肉也。復之，復戰也。子弟，謂太子申也。以土地之故及其民，以民之故及其子，皆以其所不愛及其所愛也。此承前篇之末三章之意，言仁人之恩，自內及外；不仁之禍，由疏逮親。
孟子曰：“春秋無義戰。彼善于此，則有之矣。春秋每書諸侯戰伐之事，必加譏貶，以著其擅興之罪，無有以為合于義而許之者。但就中彼善于此者則有之，如召陵之師之類是也。征者上伐下也，敵國不相征也。”征，所以正人也。諸侯有罪，則天子討而正之，此春秋所以無義戰也。
孟子曰：“盡信書，則不如無書。程子曰：“載事之辭，容有重稱而過其實者，學者當識其義而已；茍執于辭，則時或有害于義，不如無書之愈也。”吾于武成，取二三策而已矣。武成，周書篇名，武王伐紂歸而記事之書也。策，竹簡也。取其二三策之言，其余不可盡信也。程子曰：“取其奉天伐暴之意，反政施仁之法而已。”仁人無敵于天下。以至仁伐至不仁，而何其血之流杵也？”杵，舂杵也。或作鹵，楯也。武成言武王伐紂，紂之“前徒倒戈，攻于后以北，血流漂杵”。孟子言此則其不可信者。然書本意，乃謂商人自相殺，非謂武王殺之也。孟子之設是言，懼后世之惑，且長不仁之心耳。
孟子曰：“有人曰：‘我善為陳，我善為戰。’大罪也。陳，去聲。制行伍曰陳，交兵曰戰。國君好仁，天下無敵焉。好，去聲。南面而征北狄怨，東面而征西夷怨。曰：‘奚為后我？’此引湯之事以明之，解見前篇。武王之伐殷也，革車三百兩，虎賁三千人。兩，去聲。賁，音奔。又以武王之事明之也。兩，車數，一車兩輪也。千，書序作百。王曰：‘無畏！寧爾也，非敵百姓也。’若崩厥角稽首。書太誓文與此小異。孟子之意當云：王謂商人曰：無畏我也。我來伐紂，本為安寧汝，非敵商之百姓也。于是商人稽首至地，如角之崩也。征之為言正也，各欲正己也，焉用戰？”焉，于虔反。民為暴君所虐，皆欲仁者來正己之國也。
孟子曰：“梓匠輪輿能與人規矩，不能使人巧。”尹氏曰：“規矩，法度可告者也。巧則在其人，雖大匠亦末如之何也已。蓋下學可以言傳，上達必由心悟，莊周所論斲輪之意蓋如此。”
孟子曰：“舜之飯糗茹草也，若將終身焉；及其為天子也，被袗衣，鼓琴，二女果，若固有之。”飯，上聲。糗，去久反。茹，音汝。袗，之忍反。果，說文作婐，烏果反。飯，食也。糗，干糒也。茹，亦食也。袗，畫衣也。二女，堯二女也。果，女侍也。言圣人之心，不以貧賤而有慕于外，不以富貴而有動于中，隨遇而安，無預于己，所性分定故也。
孟子曰：“吾今而后知殺人親之重也：殺人之父，人亦殺其父；殺人之兄，人亦殺其兄。然則非自殺之也，一閑耳。”閑，去聲。言吾今而后知者，必有所為而感發也。一閑者，我往彼來，閑一人耳，其實與自害其親無異也。范氏曰：“知此則愛敬人之親，人亦愛敬其親矣。”
孟子曰：“古之為關也，將以御暴。譏察非常。今之為關也，將以為暴。”征稅出入。范氏曰：“古之耕者什一，后世或收大半之稅，此以賦斂為暴也。文王之囿，與民同之；齊宣王之囿，為阱國中，此以園囿為暴也。后世為暴，不止于關，若使孟子用于諸侯，必行文王之政，凡此之類，皆不終日而改也。”
孟子曰：“身不行道，不行于妻子；使人不以道，不能行于妻子。”身不行道者，以行言之。不行者，道不行也。使人不以道者，以事言之。不能行者，令不行也。
孟子曰：“周于利者，兇年不能殺；周于德者，邪世不能亂。”周，足也，言積之厚則用有余。
孟子曰：“好名之人，能讓千乘之國；茍非其人，簞食豆羹見于色。”好、乘、食，皆去聲。見，音現。好名之人，矯情干譽，是以能讓千乘之國；然若本非能輕富貴之人，則于得失之小者，反不覺其真情之發見矣。蓋觀人不于其所勉，而于其所忽，然后可以見其所安之實也。
孟子曰：“不信仁賢，則國空虛。空虛，言若無人然。無禮義，則上下亂。禮義，所以辨上下，定民志。無政事，則財用不足。”生之無道，取之無度，用之無節故也。尹氏曰：“三者以仁賢為本。無仁賢，則禮義政事，處之皆不以其道矣。”
孟子曰：“不仁而得國者，有之矣；不仁而得天下，未之有也。”言不仁之人，騁其私智，可以盜千乘之國，而不可以得丘民之心。鄒氏曰：“自秦以來，不仁而得天下者有矣；然皆一再傳而失之，猶不得也。所謂得天下者，必如三代而后可。”
孟子曰：“民為貴，社稷次之，君為輕。社，土神。稷，谷神。建國則立壇壝以祀之。蓋國以民為本，社稷亦為民而立，而君之尊，又系于二者之存亡，故其輕重如此。是故得乎丘民而為天子，得乎天子為諸侯，得乎諸侯為大夫。丘民，田野之民，至微賤也。然得其心，則天下歸之。天子至尊貴也，而得其心者，不過為諸侯耳，是民為重也。諸侯危社稷，則變置。諸侯無道，將使社稷為人所滅，則當更立賢君，是君輕于社稷也。犧牲既成，粢盛既潔，祭祀以時，然而旱干水溢，則變置社稷。”盛，音成。祭祀不失禮，而土谷之神不能為民御災捍患，則毀其壇壝而更置之，亦年不順成，八蠟不通之意，是社稷雖重于君而輕于民也。
孟子曰：“圣人，百世之師也，伯夷、柳下惠是也。故聞伯夷之風者，頑夫廉，懦夫有立志；聞柳下惠之風者，薄夫敦，鄙夫寬。奮乎百世之上。百世之下，聞者莫不興起也。非圣人而能若是乎，而況于親炙之者乎？”興起，感動奮發也。親炙，親近而熏炙之也，余見前篇。
孟子曰：“仁也者，人也。合而言之，道也。”仁者，人之所以為人之理也。然仁，理也；人，物也。以仁之理，合于人之身而言之，乃所謂道者也。程子曰：“中庸所謂率性之謂道是也。”或曰“外國本，人也之下，有‘義也者宜也，禮也者履也，智也者知也，信也者實也’，凡二十字。”今按如此，則理極分明，然未詳其是否也。
孟子曰：“孔子之去魯，曰：‘遲遲吾行也。’去父母國之道也。去齊，接淅而行，去他國之道也。”重出。
孟子曰：“君子之厄于陳蔡之閑，無上下之交也。”君子，孔子也。厄，與?同，君臣皆惡，無所與交也。
貉稽曰：“稽大不理于口。”貉，音陌。趙氏曰：“貉姓，稽名，為眾口所訕。”理，賴也。今按漢書無俚，方言亦訓賴。孟子曰：“無傷也。士憎茲多口。趙氏曰：“為士者，益多為眾口所訕。”按此則憎當從土，今本皆從心，蓋傳寫之誤。詩云：‘憂心悄悄，慍于群小。’孔子也。‘肆不殄厥慍，亦不隕厥問。’文王也。”詩邶風柏舟，及大雅綿之篇也。悄悄，憂貌。慍，怒也。本言衛之仁人見怒于群小。孟子以為孔子之事，可以當之。肆，發語辭。隕，墜也。問，聲問也。本言太王事昆夷，雖不能殄絕其慍怒，亦不自墜其聲問之美。孟子以為文王之事，可以當之。尹氏曰：“言人顧自處如何，盡其在我者而已。”
孟子曰：“賢者以其昭昭，使人昭昭；今以其昏昏，使人昭昭。”昭昭，明也。昏昏，闇也。尹氏曰：“大學之道，在自昭明德，而施于天下國家，其有不順者寡矣。”
孟子謂高子曰：“山徑之蹊閑，介然用之而成路。為閑不用，則茅塞之矣。今茅塞子之心矣。”介，音戛。徑，小路也。蹊，人行處也。介然，倏然之頃也。用，由也。路，大路也。為閑，少頃也。茅塞，茅草生而塞之也。言理義之心，不可少有閑斷也。
高子曰：“禹之聲，尚文王之聲。”尚，加尚也。豐氏曰：“言禹之樂，過于文王之樂。”孟子曰：“何以言之？”曰：“以追蠡。”追，音堆。蠡，音禮。豐氏曰：“追，鐘紐也。周禮所謂旋蟲是也。蠡者，嚙木蟲也。言禹時鐘在者，鐘紐如蟲嚙而欲絕，蓋用之者多，而文王之鐘不然，是以知禹之樂過于文王之樂也。”曰：“是奚足哉？城門之軌，兩馬之力與？”與，平聲。豐氏曰：“奚足，言此何足以知之也。軌，車轍跡也。兩馬，一車所駕也。城中之涂容九軌，車可散行，故其轍跡淺；城門惟容一車，車皆由之，故其轍跡深。蓋日久車多所致，非一車兩馬之力，能使之然也。言禹在文王前千余年，故鐘久而紐絕；文王之鐘，則未久而紐全，不可以此而議優劣也。”此章文義本不可曉，舊說相承如此，而豐氏差明白，故今存之，亦未知其是否也。
齊饑。陳臻曰：“國人皆以夫子將復為發棠，殆不可復。”復，扶又反。先時齊國嘗饑，孟子勸王發棠邑之倉，以振貧窮。至此又饑，陳臻問言齊人望孟子復勸王發棠，而又自言恐其不可也。孟子曰：“是為馮婦也。晉人有馮婦者，善搏虎，卒為善士。則之野，有眾逐虎。虎負嵎，莫之敢攖。望見馮婦，趨而迎之。馮婦攘臂下車。眾皆悅之，其為士者笑之。”手執曰搏。卒為善士，后能改行為善也。之，適也。負，依也。山曲曰嵎。攖，觸也。笑之，笑其不知止也。疑此時齊王已不能用孟子，而孟子亦將去矣，故其言如此。
孟子曰：“口之于味也，目之于色也，耳之于聲也，鼻之于臭也，四肢之于安佚也，性也，有命焉，君子不謂性也。程子曰：“五者之欲，性也。然有分，不能皆如其愿，則是命也。不可謂我性之所有，而求必得之也。”愚按：不能皆如其愿，不止為貧賤。蓋雖富貴之極，亦有品節限制，則是亦有命也。仁之于父子也，義之于君臣也，禮之于賓主也，智之于賢者也，圣人之于天道也，命也，有性焉，君子不謂命也。”程子曰：“仁義禮智天道，在人則賦于命者，所稟有厚薄清濁，然而性善可學而盡，故不謂之命也。”張子曰：“晏嬰智矣，而不知仲尼。是非命邪？”愚按：所稟者厚而清，則其仁之于父子也至，義之于君臣也盡，禮之于賓主也恭，智之于賢否也哲，圣人之于天道也，無不吻合而純亦不已焉。薄而濁，則反是，是皆所謂命也。或曰“者”當作否，“人”衍字，更詳之。愚聞之師曰：“此二條者，皆性之所有而命于天者也。然世之人，以前五者為性，雖有不得，而必欲求之；以后五者為命，一有不至，則不復致力，故孟子各就其重處言之，以伸此而抑彼也。張子所謂‘養則付命于天，道則責成于己’。其言約而盡矣。”
浩生不害問曰：“樂正子，何人也？”孟子曰：“善人也，信人也。”趙氏曰：“浩生，姓；不害，名，齊人也。”“何謂善？何謂信？”不害問也。曰：“可欲之謂善，天下之理，其善者必可欲，其惡者必可惡。其為人也，可欲而不可惡，則可謂善人矣。有諸己之謂信。凡所謂善，皆實有之，如惡惡臭，如好好色，是則可謂信人矣。張子曰：“志仁無惡之謂善，誠善于身之謂信。”充實之謂美，力行其善，至于充滿而積實，則美在其中而無待于外矣。充實而有光輝之謂大，和順積中，而英華發外；美在其中，而暢于四支，發于事業，則德業至盛而不可加矣。大而化之之謂圣，大而能化，使其大者泯然無復可見之跡，則不思不勉、從容中道，而非人力之所能為矣。張子曰：“大可為也，化不可為也，在熟之而已矣。”圣而不可知之之謂神。程子曰：“圣不可知，謂圣之至妙，人所不能測。非圣人之上，又有一等神人也。”樂正子，二之中，四之下也。”蓋在善信之閑，觀其從于子敖，則其有諸己者或未實也。張子曰：“顏淵、樂正子皆知好仁矣。樂正子志仁無惡而不致于學，所以但為善人信人而已；顏子好學不倦，合仁與智，具體圣人，獨未至圣人之止耳。”程子曰：“士之所難者，在有諸己而已。能有諸己，則居之安，資之深，而美且大可以馴致矣。徒知可欲之善，而若存若亡而已，則能不受變于俗者鮮矣。”尹氏曰：“自可欲之善，至于圣而不可知之神，上下一理。擴充之至于神，則不可得而名矣。”
孟子曰：“逃墨必歸于楊，逃楊必歸于儒。歸，斯受之而已矣。墨氏務外而不情，楊氏太簡而近實，故其反正之漸，大略如此。歸斯受之者，憫其陷溺之久，而取其悔悟之新也。今之與楊墨辯者，如追放豚，既入其苙，又從而招之。”放豚，放逸之豕豚也。苙，闌也。招，罥也，羈其足也。言彼既來歸，而又追咎其既往之失也。此章見圣賢之于異端，距之甚嚴，而于其來歸，待之甚恕。距之嚴，故人知彼說之為邪；待之恕，故人知此道之可反，仁之至，義之盡也。
孟子曰：“有布縷之征，粟米之征，力役之征。君子用其一，緩其二。用其二而民有殍，用其三而父子離。”征賦之法，歲有常數，然布縷取之于夏，粟米取之于秋，力役取之于冬，當各以其時；若幷取之，則民力有所不堪矣。今兩稅三限之法，亦此意也。尹氏曰“言民為邦本，取之無度，則其國危矣。”
孟子曰：“諸侯之寶三：土地，人民，政事。寶珠玉者，殃必及身。”尹氏曰：“言寶得其寶者安，寶失其寶者危。”
盆(pen)成括(kuo)(kuo)仕(shi)于齊。孟子(zi)(zi)曰：“死(si)矣盆(pen)成括(kuo)(kuo)！”盆(pen)成括(kuo)(kuo)見(jian)殺。門人問曰：“夫子(zi)(zi)何以知其(qi)將見(jian)殺？”曰：“其(qi)為人也小(xiao)有才，未(wei)聞君子(zi)(zi)之大道(dao)也，則足以殺其(qi)軀而(er)已矣。”盆(pen)成，姓；括(kuo)(kuo)，名也。恃才妄作(zuo)，所(suo)以取(qu)禍(huo)。徐氏曰：“君子(zi)(zi)道(dao)其(qi)常而(er)已。括(kuo)(kuo)有死(si)之道(dao)焉(yan)，設使(shi)幸而(er)獲免(mian)，孟子(zi)(zi)之言猶(you)信也。”

孟子之滕，館于上宮。有業屨于牖上，館人求之弗得。館，舍也。上宮，別宮名。業屨，織之有次業而未成者，蓋館人所作，置之牖上而失之也。或問之曰：“若是乎從者之廋也？”曰：“子以是為竊屨來與？”曰：“殆非也。夫子之設科也，往者不追，來者不距。茍以是心至，斯受之而已矣。”從、為，并去聲。與，平聲。夫子，如字，舊讀為扶余者非。或問之者，問于孟子也。廋，匿也。言子之從者，乃匿人之物如此乎？孟子答之，而或人自悟其失，因言此從者固不為竊屨而來，但夫子設置科條以待學者，茍以向道之心而來，則受之耳，雖夫子亦不能保其往也。門人取其言，有合于圣賢之指，故記之。
孟子曰：“人皆有所不忍，達之于其所忍，仁也；人皆有所不為，達之于其所為，義也。惻隱羞惡之心，人皆有之，故莫不有所不忍不為，此仁義之端也。然以氣質之偏、物欲之蔽，則于他事或有不能者。但推所能，達之于所不能，則無非仁義矣。人能充無欲害人之心，而仁不可勝用也；人能充無穿踰之心，而義不可勝用也。勝，平聲。充，滿也。穿，穿穴；踰，踰墻，皆為盜之事也。能推所不忍，以達于所忍，則能滿其無欲害人之心，而無不仁矣；能推其所不為，以達于所為，則能滿其無穿踰之心，而無不義矣。人能充無受爾汝之實，無所往而不為義也。此申說上文充無穿踰之心之意也。蓋爾汝人所輕賤之稱，人雖或有所貪昧隱忍而甘受之者，然其中心必有慚忿而不肯受之之實。人能即此而推之，使其充滿無所虧缺，則無適而非義矣。士未可以言而言，是以言餂之也；可以言而不言，是以不言餂之也，是皆穿踰之類也。”餂，音忝。餂，探取之也。今人以舌取物曰餂，即此意也。便佞隱默，皆有意探取于人，是亦穿踰之類。然其事隱微，人所易忽，故特舉以見例。明必推無穿踰之心，以達于此而悉去之，然后為能充其無穿踰之心也。
孟子曰：“言近而指遠者，善言也；守約而施博者，善道也。君子之言也，不下帶而道存焉。施，去聲。古人視不下于帶，則帶之上，乃目前常見至近之處也。舉目前之近事，而至理存焉，所以為言近而指遠也。君子之守，修其身而天下平。此所謂守約而施博也。人病舍其田而蕓人之田，所求于人者重，而所以自任者輕。”舍，音舍。此言不守約而務博施之病。
孟子曰：“堯舜，性者也；湯武，反之也。性者，得全于天，無所污壞，不假修為，圣之至也。反之者，修為以復其性，而至于圣人也。程子曰：“性之反之，古未有此語，蓋自孟子發之。”呂氏曰：“無意而安行，性者也，有意利行，而至于無意，復性者也。堯舜不失其性，湯武善反其性，及其成功則一也。”動容周旋中禮者，盛德之至也；哭死而哀，非為生者也；經德不回，非以干祿也；言語必信，非以正行也。中、為、行，并去聲。細微曲折，無不中禮，乃其盛德之至。自然而中，而非有意于中也。經，常也。回，曲也。三者亦皆自然而然，非有意而為之也，皆圣人之事，性之之德也。君子行法，以俟命而已矣。”法者，天理之當然者也。君子行之，而吉兇禍福有所不計，蓋雖未至于自然，而已非有所為而為矣。此反之之事，董子所謂“正其義不謀其利，明其道不計其功”，正此意也。程子曰：“動容周旋中禮者，盛德之至。行法以俟命者，‘朝聞道夕死可矣’之意也。”呂氏曰：“法由此立，命由此出，圣人也；行法以俟命，君子也。圣人性之，君子所以復其性也。”
孟子曰：“說大人，則藐之，勿視其巍巍然。說，音稅。藐，音眇。趙氏曰：“大人，當時尊貴者也。藐，輕之也。巍巍，富貴高顯之貌。藐焉而不畏之，則志意舒展，言語得盡也。”堂高數仞，榱題數尺，我得志弗為也；食前方丈，侍妾數百人，我得志弗為也；般樂飲酒，驅騁田獵，后車千乘，我得志弗為也。在彼者，皆我所不為也；在我者，皆古之制也，吾何畏彼哉？”榱，楚危反。般，音盤。樂，音洛。乘，去聲。榱，桷也。題，頭也。食前方丈，饌食列于前者，方一丈也。此皆其所謂巍巍然者，我雖得志，有所不為，而所守者皆古圣賢之法，則彼之巍巍者，何足道哉！楊氏曰：“孟子此章，以己之長，方人之短，猶有此等氣象，在孔子則無此矣。”
孟子曰：“養心莫善于寡欲。其為人也寡欲，雖有不存焉者，寡矣；其為人也多欲，雖有存焉者，寡矣。”欲，如口鼻耳目四支之欲，雖人之所不能無，然多而不節，未有不失其本心者，學者所當深戒也。程子曰：“所欲不必沈溺，只有所向便是欲。”
曾皙嗜羊棗，而曾子不忍食羊棗。羊棗，實小黑而圓，又謂之羊矢棗。曾子以父嗜之，父歿之后，食必思親，故不忍食也。公孫丑問曰：“膾炙與羊棗孰美？”孟子曰：“膾炙哉！”公孫丑曰：“然則曾子何為食膾炙而不食羊棗？”曰：“膾炙所同也，羊棗所獨也。諱名不諱姓，姓所同也，名所獨也。”肉聶而切之為膾。炙，炙肉也。
萬(wan)章(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)在陳(chen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘盍(he)歸乎(hu)(hu)(hu)來(lai)！吾黨(dang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)簡(jian)，進(jin)取(qu)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忘其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)初(chu)。’孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)在陳(chen)，何思魯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)士(shi)？”盍(he)，何不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)簡(jian)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)志(zhi)(zhi)大(da)而(er)(er)(er)略于(yu)事(shi)。進(jin)取(qu)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)求(qiu)(qiu)望高遠。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忘其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)初(chu)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)改其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)舊也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)語(yu)與(yu)論語(yu)小異(yi)。孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)‘不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得中(zhong)道(dao)而(er)(er)(er)與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，必也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)獧(juan)(juan)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)！狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)進(jin)取(qu)，獧(juan)(juan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)’。孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)豈不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)欲中(zhong)道(dao)哉？不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)必得，故(gu)(gu)思其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)次也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”獧(juan)(juan)，音絹。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得中(zhong)道(dao)，至有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，據論語(yu)亦(yi)(yi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。然(ran)(ran)則(ze)(ze)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)字下當有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)字。論語(yu)道(dao)作(zuo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，獧(juan)(juan)作(zuo)狷(juan)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，知恥自好，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)善(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)豈不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)欲中(zhong)道(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下，孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“敢問(wen)(wen)何如(ru)(ru)(ru)斯(si)(si)可(ke)(ke)(ke)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)矣(yi)？”萬(wan)章(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“如(ru)(ru)(ru)琴張(zhang)、曾皙(xi)、牧皮者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)矣(yi)。”琴張(zhang)，名牢，字子(zi)(zi)(zi)張(zhang)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)桑(sang)戶死(si)，琴張(zhang)臨其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)喪而(er)(er)(er)歌。事(shi)見(jian)(jian)莊子(zi)(zi)(zi)。雖未(wei)必盡然(ran)(ran)，要必有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)近(jin)似(si)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。曾皙(xi)見(jian)(jian)前篇。季武(wu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)死(si)，曾皙(xi)倚其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門而(er)(er)(er)歌，事(shi)見(jian)(jian)檀(tan)弓。又言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)志(zhi)(zhi)異(yi)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)三(san)子(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)撰(zhuan)，事(shi)見(jian)(jian)論語(yu)。牧皮，未(wei)詳“何以(yi)(yi)(yi)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”萬(wan)章(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)志(zhi)(zhi)嘐嘐然(ran)(ran)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)‘古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)’。夷(yi)考(kao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)掩(yan)焉(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。嘐，火交反(fan)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)，去(qu)聲(sheng)。嘐嘐，志(zhi)(zhi)大(da)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)大(da)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。重言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，見(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)輒稱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)稱而(er)(er)(er)已(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夷(yi)，平也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。掩(yan)，覆也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)平考(kao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，則(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)覆其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。程子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“曾皙(xi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)志(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)(er)(er)夫(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。蓋與(yu)圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)，便是(shi)堯舜氣象也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，特行(xing)(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)掩(yan)焉(yan)耳(er)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)所(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)又不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)得，欲得不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屑(xie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)潔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)而(er)(er)(er)與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)獧(juan)(juan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，是(shi)又其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)次也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)因上文所(suo)引，遂解所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)思得獧(juan)(juan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)志(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；獧(juan)(juan)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)守者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)志(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)能(neng)進(jin)于(yu)道(dao)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)守者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)身。屑(xie)，潔也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘過我門而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)入(ru)我室，我不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)憾焉(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)惟(wei)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)！鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)，德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賊(zei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“何如(ru)(ru)(ru)斯(si)(si)可(ke)(ke)(ke)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)矣(yi)？”鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，非有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)識者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。原(yuan)，與(yu)愿(yuan)同(tong)。荀子(zi)(zi)(zi)“原(yuan)愨”，字皆(jie)讀作(zuo)愿(yuan)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)謹愿(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)里(li)所(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)愿(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)。孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)似(si)德(de)而(er)(er)(er)非德(de)，故(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賊(zei)。過門不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)入(ru)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)恨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)見(jian)(jian)親(qin)就為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)幸，深惡(e)(e)(e)而(er)(er)(er)痛絕(jue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。萬(wan)章(zhang)(zhang)又引孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)而(er)(er)(er)問(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“‘何以(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)嘐嘐也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)顧行(xing)(xing)(xing)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)顧言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，則(ze)(ze)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)何為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)踽(ju)(ju)踽(ju)(ju)涼(liang)(liang)涼(liang)(liang)？生斯(si)(si)世(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)斯(si)(si)世(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，善(shan)(shan)斯(si)(si)可(ke)(ke)(ke)矣(yi)。’閹然(ran)(ran)媚(mei)于(yu)世(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是(shi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”行(xing)(xing)(xing)，去(qu)聲(sheng)。踽(ju)(ju)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)禹反(fan)。閹，音奄。踽(ju)(ju)踽(ju)(ju)，獨行(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。涼(liang)(liang)涼(liang)(liang)，薄(bo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)見(jian)(jian)親(qin)厚于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)譏狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：何用如(ru)(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)嘐嘐然(ran)(ran)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)掩(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，而(er)(er)(er)徒每事(shi)必稱古(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)邪？又譏狷(juan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：何必如(ru)(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)踽(ju)(ju)踽(ju)(ju)涼(liang)(liang)涼(liang)(liang)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)親(qin)厚哉？人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)既生于(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)世(shi)(shi)，則(ze)(ze)但當為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，使當世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)(shan)則(ze)(ze)可(ke)(ke)(ke)矣(yi)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。閹，如(ru)(ru)(ru)奄人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奄，閉藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。媚(mei)，求(qiu)(qiu)悅于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)深自閉藏，以(yi)(yi)(yi)求(qiu)(qiu)親(qin)媚(mei)于(yu)世(shi)(shi)，是(shi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。萬(wan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“一(yi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)皆(jie)稱原(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)焉(yan)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)往而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)原(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賊(zei)，何哉？”原(yuan)，亦(yi)(yi)謹厚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱，而(er)(er)(er)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賊(zei)，故(gu)(gu)萬(wan)章(zhang)(zhang)疑(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“非之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)舉也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，刺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)刺也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；同(tong)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)流(liu)(liu)俗(su)，合乎(hu)(hu)(hu)污世(shi)(shi)；居之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)似(si)忠信(xin)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)似(si)廉潔；眾(zhong)皆(jie)悅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，自以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)，而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)與(yu)入(ru)堯舜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，故(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賊(zei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。呂侍(shi)講曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)等之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，欲非之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)無(wu)(wu)(wu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)舉，欲刺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)無(wu)(wu)(wu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)刺也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”流(liu)(liu)俗(su)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，風俗(su)頹(tui)靡，如(ru)(ru)(ru)水之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下流(liu)(liu)，眾(zhong)莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。污，濁也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。非忠信(xin)而(er)(er)(er)似(si)忠信(xin)，非廉潔而(er)(er)(er)似(si)廉潔。孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘惡(e)(e)(e)似(si)而(er)(er)(er)非者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)：惡(e)(e)(e)莠，恐(kong)(kong)(kong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亂(luan)(luan)苗(miao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；惡(e)(e)(e)佞，恐(kong)(kong)(kong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亂(luan)(luan)義也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；惡(e)(e)(e)利(li)口(kou)(kou)，恐(kong)(kong)(kong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亂(luan)(luan)信(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；惡(e)(e)(e)鄭(zheng)聲(sheng)，恐(kong)(kong)(kong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亂(luan)(luan)樂(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；惡(e)(e)(e)紫，恐(kong)(kong)(kong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亂(luan)(luan)朱(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；惡(e)(e)(e)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)，恐(kong)(kong)(kong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亂(luan)(luan)德(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’惡(e)(e)(e)，去(qu)聲(sheng)。莠，音有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)又引孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)明之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。莠，似(si)苗(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)草也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。佞，才智之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)似(si)義而(er)(er)(er)非義也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。利(li)口(kou)(kou)，多言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)實(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鄭(zheng)聲(sheng)，淫樂(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。樂(le)，正(zheng)樂(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。紫，閑(xian)色。朱(zhu)，正(zheng)色也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)獧(juan)(juan)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)(shan)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)似(si)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)中(zhong)道(dao)而(er)(er)(er)實(shi)非也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)(gu)恐(kong)(kong)(kong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亂(luan)(luan)德(de)。君(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)反(fan)經而(er)(er)(er)已(yi)矣(yi)。經正(zheng)，則(ze)(ze)庶民(min)興；庶民(min)興，斯(si)(si)無(wu)(wu)(wu)邪慝矣(yi)。”反(fan)，復(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。經，常也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，萬(wan)世(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。興，興起于(yu)善(shan)(shan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。邪慝，如(ru)(ru)(ru)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。世(shi)(shi)衰道(dao)微(wei)，大(da)經不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)，故(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)得為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)異(yi)說以(yi)(yi)(yi)濟(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)私，而(er)(er)(er)邪慝幷起，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)勝正(zheng)，君(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)于(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，亦(yi)(yi)復(fu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)常道(dao)而(er)(er)(er)已(yi)。常道(dao)既復(fu)，則(ze)(ze)民(min)興于(yu)善(shan)(shan)，而(er)(er)(er)是(shi)非明白，無(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)回互，雖有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)邪慝，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足以(yi)(yi)(yi)惑(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)。尹氏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“君(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)取(qu)夫(fu)狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)獧(juan)(juan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，蓋以(yi)(yi)(yi)狂(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)志(zhi)(zhi)大(da)而(er)(er)(er)可(ke)(ke)(ke)與(yu)進(jin)道(dao)，獧(juan)(juan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，而(er)(er)(er)可(ke)(ke)(ke)與(yu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。所(suo)惡(e)(e)(e)于(yu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)原(yuan)，而(er)(er)(er)欲痛絕(jue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)似(si)是(shi)而(er)(er)(er)非，惑(huo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。絕(jue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)術無(wu)(wu)(wu)他焉(yan)，亦(yi)(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)反(fan)經而(er)(er)(er)已(yi)矣(yi)。”

孟(meng)(meng)(meng)子曰(yue)(yue)：“由(you)堯舜(shun)至(zhi)于(yu)湯，五(wu)百(bai)(bai)有(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)歲，若(ruo)禹、皋陶(tao)，則(ze)(ze)見而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；若(ruo)湯，則(ze)(ze)聞(wen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。趙氏(shi)曰(yue)(yue)：“五(wu)百(bai)(bai)歲而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)圣人(ren)(ren)出，天道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常；然亦有(you)(you)(you)遲速，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能正五(wu)百(bai)(bai)年(nian)，故(gu)言(yan)有(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)也(ye)。”尹(yin)氏(shi)曰(yue)(yue)：“知(zhi)(zhi)，謂(wei)知(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)。”由(you)湯至(zhi)于(yu)文王(wang)，五(wu)百(bai)(bai)有(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)歲，若(ruo)伊尹(yin)、萊朱(zhu)則(ze)(ze)見而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；若(ruo)文王(wang)，則(ze)(ze)聞(wen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。趙氏(shi)曰(yue)(yue)：“萊朱(zhu)，湯賢臣。”或(huo)曰(yue)(yue)：“即仲虺也(ye)，為(wei)湯左(zuo)相。”由(you)文王(wang)至(zhi)于(yu)孔子，五(wu)百(bai)(bai)有(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)歲，若(ruo)太公望、散宜(yi)生，則(ze)(ze)見而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；若(ruo)孔子，則(ze)(ze)聞(wen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。散，素亶反。散，氏(shi)；宜(yi)生，名(ming)；文王(wang)賢臣也(ye)。子貢曰(yue)(yue)：“文武之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，未墜于(yu)地，在人(ren)(ren)。賢者(zhe)識其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大者(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)賢者(zhe)識其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)小者(zhe)，莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)文武之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)焉(yan)(yan)。夫(fu)子焉(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)學(xue)？”此(ci)所(suo)謂(wei)聞(wen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。由(you)孔子而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)來(lai)至(zhi)于(yu)今，百(bai)(bai)有(you)(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)歲，去圣人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世，若(ruo)此(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)未遠也(ye)；近(jin)圣人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)居(ju)，若(ruo)此(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)甚也(ye)，然而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)有(you)(you)(you)乎(hu)爾，則(ze)(ze)亦無(wu)有(you)(you)(you)乎(hu)爾。”林(lin)氏(shi)曰(yue)(yue)：“孟(meng)(meng)(meng)子言(yan)孔子至(zhi)今時未遠，鄒(zou)魯相去又(you)近(jin)，然而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)無(wu)有(you)(you)(you)見而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)矣；則(ze)(ze)五(wu)百(bai)(bai)余(yu)(yu)(yu)歲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，又(you)豈復(fu)有(you)(you)(you)聞(wen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)乎(hu)？”愚(yu)按：此(ci)言(yan)，雖若(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢自謂(wei)已(yi)得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)憂后(hou)(hou)世遂失其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，然乃所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)自見其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)辭者(zhe)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)又(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)見夫(fu)天理民彝不(bu)(bu)(bu)可泯滅，百(bai)(bai)世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下，必(bi)將有(you)(you)(you)神會(hui)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)心得(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)耳。故(gu)于(yu)篇終，歷序(xu)(xu)群圣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)統，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)終之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)明(ming)(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)在，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)又(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)俟(si)后(hou)(hou)圣于(yu)無(wu)窮也(ye)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)指(zhi)深哉(zai)！有(you)(you)(you)宋元豐八年(nian)，河南程顥伯淳卒。潞公文彥博(bo)題其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)墓曰(yue)(yue)：“明(ming)(ming)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)先生。”而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)弟頤正叔序(xu)(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)：“周公歿，圣人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)；孟(meng)(meng)(meng)軻死(si)，圣人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)，百(bai)(bai)世無(wu)善(shan)治(zhi)；學(xue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，千載無(wu)真儒。無(wu)善(shan)治(zhi)，士猶得(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)明(ming)(ming)夫(fu)善(shan)治(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)淑諸人(ren)(ren)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)諸后(hou)(hou)；無(wu)真儒，則(ze)(ze)天下貿貿焉(yan)(yan)莫知(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，人(ren)(ren)欲肆而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)天理滅矣。先生生乎(hu)千四(si)百(bai)(bai)年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，得(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)于(yu)遺經，以(yi)(yi)(yi)興起(qi)斯(si)文為(wei)己任。辨異端，辟(pi)邪(xie)說(shuo)，使圣人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)渙然復(fu)明(ming)(ming)于(yu)世。蓋自孟(meng)(meng)(meng)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，一人(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)。然學(xue)者(zhe)于(yu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)向，則(ze)(ze)孰知(zhi)(zhi)斯(si)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)功？不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)至(zhi)，則(ze)(ze)孰知(zhi)(zhi)斯(si)名(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)情也(ye)哉(zai)？”

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