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滴天髓勝敗:旺衰拔發,旺者沖衰衰者拔,衰神沖旺旺神發

國(guo)學小客(ke)堂 2023-06-18 08:08:41

滴天髓勝敗:旺衰拔發,旺者沖衰衰者拔,衰神沖旺旺神發

【原注】子旺午(wu)衰,沖(chong)則午(wu)拔(ba)不能立;子衰午(wu)旺,沖(chong)則午(wu)發而為福。余仿此(ci)。

【任氏曰】十二支(zhi)相沖(chong)(chong)(chong),各(ge)支(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)藏(zang)互相沖(chong)(chong)(chong)克(ke),在原局為(wei)明沖(chong)(chong)(chong),在歲(sui)運為(wei)暗(an)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)。得令者沖(chong)(chong)(chong)衰則(ze)拔(ba),失時者沖(chong)(chong)(chong)旺(wang)(wang)無(wu)(wu)傷。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)之者有(you)(you)力,則(ze)能(neng)去之,去兇神(shen)則(ze)利,去吉神(shen)則(ze)不(bu)利;沖(chong)(chong)(chong)之者無(wu)(wu)力,則(ze)反激之,激兇神(shen)則(ze)為(wei)禍(huo),激吉神(shen)雖不(bu)為(wei)禍(huo),亦不(bu)能(neng)獲福也。如(ru)日(ri)主是午(wu)(wu),或喜(xi)神(shen)是午(wu)(wu),支(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)寅卯(mao)(mao)巳未(wei)戌(xu)之類,遇(yu)子(zi)(zi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)謂(wei)衰神(shen)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)旺(wang)(wang),無(wu)(wu)傷;日(ri)主午(wu)(wu),或喜(xi)神(shen)是午(wu)(wu),支(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)申(shen)(shen)酉(you)亥(hai)(hai)子(zi)(zi)丑(chou)(chou)辰之類,遇(yu)子(zi)(zi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong),謂(wei)旺(wang)(wang)者沖(chong)(chong)(chong)衰則(ze)拔(ba)。余支(zhi)皆(jie)然(ran)(ran)。然(ran)(ran)以子(zi)(zi)、卯(mao)(mao)、午(wu)(wu)、酉(you)、寅、申(shen)(shen)、巳、亥(hai)(hai)八支(zhi)為(wei)重,辰、戌(xu)、丑(chou)(chou)、未(wei)較輕。如(ru)子(zi)(zi)午(wu)(wu)沖(chong)(chong)(chong),子(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)癸水(shui)(shui)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)午(wu)(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)丁火(huo),如(ru)午(wu)(wu)旺(wang)(wang)提綱(gang)(gang),四(si)(si)柱無(wu)(wu)金(jin)而有(you)(you)木,則(ze)午(wu)(wu)能(neng)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)子(zi)(zi);卯(mao)(mao)酉(you)沖(chong)(chong)(chong),酉(you)中(zhong)(zhong)辛金(jin),沖(chong)(chong)(chong)卯(mao)(mao)中(zhong)(zhong)乙木,如(ru)卯(mao)(mao)旺(wang)(wang)提綱(gang)(gang),四(si)(si)柱有(you)(you)火(huo)而無(wu)(wu)土(tu),則(ze)卯(mao)(mao)亦能(neng)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)酉(you);寅申(shen)(shen)沖(chong)(chong)(chong),寅中(zhong)(zhong)甲木丙(bing)(bing)火(huo),被申(shen)(shen)中(zhong)(zhong)庚(geng)金(jin)壬水(shui)(shui)所(suo)克(ke),然(ran)(ran)寅旺(wang)(wang)提綱(gang)(gang),四(si)(si)柱有(you)(you)火(huo),則(ze)寅亦能(neng)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)申(shen)(shen)矣;巳亥(hai)(hai)沖(chong)(chong)(chong),巳中(zhong)(zhong)丙(bing)(bing)火(huo)戊土(tu),被亥(hai)(hai)中(zhong)(zhong)甲木壬水(shui)(shui)所(suo)克(ke),然(ran)(ran)巳旺(wang)(wang)提綱(gang)(gang),四(si)(si)柱有(you)(you)木,則(ze)巳亦能(neng)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)亥(hai)(hai)矣。必先察(cha)其衰旺(wang)(wang),四(si)(si)柱有(you)(you)無(wu)(wu)解救,或抑沖(chong)(chong)(chong),或助泄(xie),觀(guan)其大勢,究(jiu)其喜(xi)忌,則(ze)吉兇自驗矣。至于四(si)(si)庫兄弟(di)之沖(chong)(chong)(chong),其蓄藏(zang)之物,看其四(si)(si)柱干(gan)支(zhi),有(you)(you)無(wu)(wu)引出。如(ru)四(si)(si)柱之干(gan)支(zhi),無(wu)(wu)所(suo)引出,及司令之神(shen),又不(bu)關切(qie),雖沖(chong)(chong)(chong)無(wu)(wu)害,合(he)而得用亦為(wei)喜(xi)。原局與歲(sui)運皆(jie)同此論(lun)。

【白話提要】

原(yuan)文(wen)“旺者沖(chong)衰(shuai)衰(shuai)者拔(ba)(ba),衰(shuai)神沖(chong)旺旺神發”,其中,旺,是(shi)(shi)旺盛、強(qiang)盛的(de)意(yi)思(si);沖(chong),是(shi)(shi)地(di)支(zhi)(zhi)中的(de)五行相互克戰(zhan)的(de)意(yi)思(si);衰(shuai),是(shi)(shi)衰(shuai)弱、衰(shuai)敗的(de)意(yi)思(si);拔(ba)(ba),是(shi)(shi)動搖、退(tui)縮的(de)意(yi)思(si);發,是(shi)(shi)發動、激發的(de)意(yi)思(si)。因(yin)為拔(ba)(ba)的(de)原(yuan)意(yi)是(shi)(shi)拔(ba)(ba)除(chu),所以有些著作也(ye)解釋(shi)成去除(chu),事實上命局中的(de)地(di)支(zhi)(zhi)沒有辦法(fa)去除(chu),只(zhi)能抑制地(di)支(zhi)(zhi)發揮作用,所以在此(ci)節拔(ba)(ba)是(shi)(shi)動搖的(de)意(yi)思(si)。我們根據原(yuan)文(wen)能夠(gou)看出拔(ba)(ba)和發是(shi)(shi)相對的(de)。

#什么是拔與發

原文說(shuo)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旺(wang)(wang)(wang)衰,并不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天干地支(zhi)中五行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旺(wang)(wang)(wang)衰,而是(shi)(shi)(shi)全局(ju)(ju)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旺(wang)(wang)(wang)衰。比方說(shuo),四柱(zhu)八字命(ming)局(ju)(ju)中出(chu)現子(zi)(zi)午(wu)對沖(chong),原本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)命(ming)局(ju)(ju)中地支(zhi)寅木卯木巳火(huo)未土(tu)戌土(tu)木火(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)較強,或者(zhe)命(ming)局(ju)(ju)中月支(zhi)為(wei)午(wu)火(huo),那么午(wu)火(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)就(jiu)旺(wang)(wang)(wang),子(zi)(zi)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)就(jiu)衰。反(fan)過來(lai)(lai)(lai)原本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)命(ming)局(ju)(ju)中地支(zhi)申金丑(chou)土(tu)酉(you)金亥(hai)水(shui)辰土(tu)較多,或者(zhe)命(ming)局(ju)(ju)中月支(zhi)為(wei)子(zi)(zi)水(shui),那么子(zi)(zi)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)就(jiu)旺(wang)(wang)(wang),午(wu)火(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)勢(shi)就(jiu)衰。如果旺(wang)(wang)(wang)盛(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地支(zhi)主(zhu)動(dong)來(lai)(lai)(lai)沖(chong)衰弱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地支(zhi),結(jie)果自然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)衰弱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地支(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)被抑(yi)制(zhi),這就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)拔(ba);反(fan)過來(lai)(lai)(lai),如果衰弱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地支(zhi)主(zhu)動(dong)來(lai)(lai)(lai)沖(chong)旺(wang)(wang)(wang)盛(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地支(zhi),結(jie)果自然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)旺(wang)(wang)(wang)盛(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地支(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)受影響,沒有被抑(yi)制(zhi),反(fan)而在被沖(chong)后,更加(jia)能夠發揮出(chu)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong),這就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)發。

?拔與發的吉兇

已經解釋了拔(ba)(ba)和發,我們(men)還應該明白拔(ba)(ba)和發的吉(ji)兇(xiong)。關于這個,原文和原注(zhu)都沒有闡述,不(bu)(bu)過任鐵(tie)樵在注(zhu)疏中有所涉及。“得令者(zhe)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)衰則(ze)(ze)拔(ba)(ba),失時者(zhe)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)旺(wang)無(wu)傷。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)之(zhi)者(zhe)有力(li),則(ze)(ze)能(neng)去之(zhi),去兇(xiong)神(shen)(shen)則(ze)(ze)利(li),去吉(ji)神(shen)(shen)則(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)利(li);沖(chong)(chong)(chong)之(zhi)者(zhe)無(wu)力(li),則(ze)(ze)反激(ji)之(zhi),激(ji)兇(xiong)神(shen)(shen)則(ze)(ze)為禍,激(ji)吉(ji)神(shen)(shen)雖(sui)不(bu)(bu)為禍,亦不(bu)(bu)能(neng)獲福也。如日(ri)主是午,或喜神(shen)(shen)是午,支(zhi)(zhi)中有寅卯巳未戌之(zhi)類,遇子(zi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)謂衰神(shen)(shen)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)旺(wang),無(wu)傷,日(ri)主午,或喜神(shen)(shen)是午,支(zhi)(zhi)中有申酉(you)亥(hai)子(zi)丑(chou)辰之(zhi)類,遇子(zi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong),謂旺(wang)者(zhe)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)衰則(ze)(ze)拔(ba)(ba)。余支(zhi)(zhi)皆然。”

徐樂吾也解(jie)釋說,“衰者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)喜(xi)(xi)神,沖而去之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)禍(huo);衰者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)忌(ji)神,沖而去之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)吉。旺者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)喜(xi)(xi)神,則沖而發為(wei)(wei)(wei)吉;旺者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)忌(ji)神,則沖而發為(wei)(wei)(wei)禍(huo)。如為(wei)(wei)(wei)忌(ji)神,喜(xi)(xi)運來沖之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)吉;為(wei)(wei)(wei)喜(xi)(xi)神,兇(xiong)運來沖之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)忌(ji)也。”

《三命通會》也做出了(le)相(xiang)似(si)的(de)闡述(shu),“如(ru)(ru)禍(huo)聚之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)有(you)他(ta)位來沖(chong),謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)破禍(huo)成(cheng)福;如(ru)(ru)福聚之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)他(ta)位來沖(chong),則破福成(cheng)禍(huo):如(ru)(ru)犯空(kong)亡(wang),有(you)他(ta)位來沖(chong),亦為破禍(huo)成(cheng)福”。

《玉井》同樣說,“相沖(chong)法,吉象宜來沖(chong)我,兇象我欲(yu)沖(chong)他。如子午相沖(chong),須(xu)取用神為我,閑(xian)(xian)神為他,又看用神有(you)(you)(you)氣耶(ye)(ye)?有(you)(you)(you)扶(fu)耶(ye)(ye)?閑(xian)(xian)神有(you)(you)(you)氣耶(ye)(ye)?有(you)(you)(you)扶(fu)耶(ye)(ye)?”

相沖為吉的四種情況

前文說(shuo)到,相沖一般(ban)按照兇來(lai)看待,但是有的(de)時候(hou)看做是吉。《三命通會》關于這個,特地列舉了幾種(zhong)情況。

第(di)一(yi)種情況就是沖處相(xiang)生,“為福(fu)之(zhi)甚者(zhe),乃沖處相(xiang)生。如辛(xin)巳(si)金見癸亥水(shui)之(zhi)類,主聲望(wang)播流,高明出(chu)眾(zhong),科甲崢嶸。”

第二種情況(kuang)就是沖處相克,“如壬申金見庚寅(yin)木之類(lei),主人(ren)神情貌俊,襟韻脫俗,軒昂灑落,上(shang)視仰面而行(xing);若生旺主人(ren)神剛貌肅膽氣壯,倜儻敢(gan)為多成敗(bai);死絕則寒(han)酸鄖(yun)薄,形容乖劣,動招(zhao)兇辱,多夭(yao)折(zhe)。”

第(di)三(san)種情況就是四(si)(si)沖俱全,“若戍丑辰未四(si)(si)庫所藏為(wei)十干財官、印綬等物,尤喜(xi)沖激;若寅申已(yi)亥金,子午卯酉金,反成大格,不(bu)以(yi)沖擊論。”

第四種情況(kuang)就是(shi)同(tong)類相沖,“如(ru)甲(jia)子見甲(jia)午,己卯見己酉之類,主多破祖(zu)業,平(ping)生心不閑,剛(gang)明有斷,假令祿高名(ming)重,終有一失。”

八字(zi):戊辰、辛酉(you)、丙午、癸巳

大運(yun):壬戌(xu)、癸亥、甲子、乙丑、丙寅、丁卯

此(ci)造旺(wang)財當令,加以年(nian)上食神生助,日逢時(shi)祿,不(bu)(bu)為無根,所以身(shen)(shen)出富家(jia)。時(shi)透癸水(shui),巳火失勢,逢酉邀而拱(gong)金(jin)矣(yi)(yi)。五行無木(mu),全賴午火幫身(shen)(shen),則癸水(shui)為病明矣(yi)(yi)。一交(jiao)子運,癸水(shui)得祿,子辰拱(gong)水(shui),酉金(jin)黨子沖(chong)午,四柱無解救之神,所謂“旺(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)沖(chong)衰衰者(zhe)(zhe)拔”,破家(jia)亡(wang)身(shen)(shen)。若運走東南(nan)木(mu)火之地,豈不(bu)(bu)名利兩全乎?

【白話提要】

這個生(sheng)辰干(gan)支生(sheng)于(yu)酉月(yue),金(jin)正當時令,處于(yu)旺,并且(qie)是日干(gan)丙火(huo)的財星,土(tu)生(sheng)金(jin),加以年干(gan)食(shi)神戊(wu)土(tu)生(sheng)助(zhu),日主遇到(dao)(dao)時干(gan)祿星癸(gui)(gui)水(shui)(shui),不算無(wu)根,所以此人出(chu)身富家(jia)。時干(gan)癸(gui)(gui)水(shui)(shui),水(shui)(shui)克火(huo),時支巳火(huo)失(shi)去氣勢,遇到(dao)(dao)酉金(jin)邀(yao)而拱金(jin)。這個命局五行(xing)缺(que)木(mu),木(mu)生(sheng)火(huo),也就沒(mei)有木(mu)來生(sheng)助(zhu)丙火(huo),全(quan)賴(lai)午火(huo)幫身,這樣癸(gui)(gui)水(shui)(shui)的壞處就明顯了(le)。一交(jiao)子(zi)(zi)運,癸(gui)(gui)水(shui)(shui)得(de)祿星子(zi)(zi)水(shui)(shui),子(zi)(zi)水(shui)(shui)辰土(tu)拱水(shui)(shui),酉金(jin)黨(dang)子(zi)(zi)午對(dui)沖,四柱中沒(mei)有辦(ban)法解(jie)救(jiu),這就是常(chang)說的“旺者(zhe)沖衰衰者(zhe)拔”,此人會破家(jia)亡身。

八字:庚寅(yin)、壬午、丁卯(mao)、癸(gui)卯(mao)

大運:癸(gui)未、甲申、乙酉、丙戌、丁亥、戊子

此(ci)財(cai)(cai)官虛露無根,梟比當權(quan)得勢,以四(si)柱觀之,貧夭之命(ming)。前造(zao)身財(cai)(cai)并(bing)旺(wang),反(fan)遭破(po)敗(bai)無壽,此(ci)則(ze)財(cai)(cai)官休囚,劫業有(you)壽,不知彼(bi)則(ze)無木(mu),逢水沖則(ze)拔,此(ci)則(ze)有(you)水,遇火劫有(you)救。至(zhi)甲申乙酉運,庚(geng)金祿旺(wang),壬癸逢生,又(you)沖去寅卯之木(mu),所謂“衰神沖旺(wang)旺(wang)神發”,驟然發財(cai)(cai)巨萬。“命(ming)好不如運好”,信斯言也!

【白話提要】

這(zhe)個命局中的正(zheng)財(cai)(cai)庚金(jin)(jin)正(zheng)官壬水(shui)虛露無根,此人生(sheng)于午月,火正(zheng)當令,氣(qi)勢大,按照四柱(zhu)觀察命局,這(zhe)是個貧夭的命。前面的生(sheng)辰干(gan)支身財(cai)(cai)并旺(wang),卻(que)反而(er)逍受破敗(bai)因而(er)不(bu)能長壽(shou),這(zhe)就(jiu)是財(cai)(cai)官休(xiu)囚,但(dan)劫(jie)業(ye)卻(que)能長壽(shou),不(bu)知彼則缺木(mu),水(shui)克火,遇到水(shui)來沖則拔(ba),這(zhe)就(jiu)是有水(shui),遇到火劫(jie)有救。此人行甲申(shen)乙(yi)酉運,庚金(jin)(jin)祿(lu)旺(wang),金(jin)(jin)生(sheng)水(shui),所以壬水(shui)癸水(shui)得到生(sheng)機,金(jin)(jin)克木(mu),旺(wang)金(jin)(jin)又沖去寅(yin)木(mu)卯木(mu),這(zhe)就(jiu)是常說的“衰神(shen)沖旺(wang)旺(wang)神(shen)發”,此人立刻發財(cai)(cai)巨萬。所以俗語(yu)有云“命好不(bu)如運好”,就(jiu)是這(zhe)個道理啊!

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