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如何治脖子落枕,預防落枕有哪些方法

中(zhong)醫世家 2024-05-27 08:02:22

一、應該如何治療落(luo)枕

1.中醫療法

中醫(yi)治(zhi)療(liao)落(luo)枕的方(fang)法(fa)很多,手法(fa)理筋、針灸、藥物、熱敷等(deng)均有(you)良好的效果(guo),尤以按摩理筋法(fa)為佳。

(1)按摩理筋

一般(ban)落(luo)枕(zhen)經(jing)1~2次治(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)即可(ke)(ke)緩(huan)解,輕(qing)(qing)者即可(ke)(ke)治(zhi)(zhi)愈(yu)。但部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)患者實際(ji)(ji)上是在頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)期病(bing)變的(de)基礎上發(fa)(fa)病(bing),如頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)肌(ji)肉長(chang)期勞損或(huo)頸(jing)(jing)椎有退(tui)行(xing)性病(bing)變等(deng),在一定(ding)條(tiao)件下(xia)誘(you)發(fa)(fa)本(ben)病(bing),即使(shi)(shi)通過治(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)使(shi)(shi)紊亂的(de)關節復位,但頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)軟組(zu)織的(de)充血、水腫、增(zeng)厚等(deng)炎性變化也會繼續造成頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)不適(shi),需要2周(zhou)甚(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)1個月以上的(de)治(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)、休息(xi)才能痊愈(yu)。按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)摩理筋(jin)有以下(xia)幾種(zhong)方法:①按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)摩者立于落(luo)枕(zhen)者身后(hou)(hou)(hou),用(yong)一指(zhi)輕(qing)(qing)按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu),找出(chu)最(zui)痛(tong)點(dian),然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)拇(mu)指(zhi)從(cong)該(gai)側頸(jing)(jing)上方開始,直到(dao)肩背(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)止(zhi),依(yi)次按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)摩,對(dui)最(zui)痛(tong)點(dian)用(yong)力按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)摩,直至(zhi)(zhi)感明顯酸脹即表示力量已夠,如此反復按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)摩2~3遍,再以空心拳輕(qing)(qing)叩(kou)按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)摩過的(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)位,重復2~3遍。重復上述按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)摩與輕(qing)(qing)叩(kou),可(ke)(ke)迅速使(shi)(shi)痙攣的(de)頸(jing)(jing)肌(ji)松弛而止(zhi)痛(tong);②將左手(shou)(shou)或(huo)右(you)(you)手(shou)(shou)中(zhong)、食(shi)、無名(ming)指(zhi)并攏,在頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)疼痛(tong)處尋找壓痛(tong)點(dian)(多在胸鎖(suo)乳突(tu)肌(ji)、斜方肌(ji)等(deng)處),由輕(qing)(qing)到(dao)重按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)揉(rou)5分(fen)鐘(zhong)左右(you)(you)。可(ke)(ke)左右(you)(you)手(shou)(shou)交(jiao)替進(jin)(jin)行(xing);用(yong)小魚際(ji)(ji)由肩頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)從(cong)上到(dao)下(xia),從(cong)下(xia)到(dao)上輕(qing)(qing)快迅速擊打兩分(fen)鐘(zhong)左右(you)(you);用(yong)拇(mu)指(zhi)和食(shi)指(zhi)拿捏左右(you)(you)風池穴(xue)(xue)、肩井穴(xue)(xue)1-2分(fen)鐘(zhong);以拇(mu)指(zhi)或(huo)食(shi)指(zhi)點(dian)按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)落(luo)枕(zhen)穴(xue)(xue)(手(shou)(shou)背(bei)(bei)第2、3掌(zhang)骨間(jian),指(zhi)掌(zhang)關節后(hou)(hou)(hou)5分(fen)處),待有酸張(zhang)感覺時再持續2-3分(fen)鐘(zhong);最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)頭(tou)頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)前屈、后(hou)(hou)(hou)仰、左右(you)(you)側偏及旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)等(deng)活動(dong),此動(dong)作應緩(huan)慢進(jin)(jin)行(xing),切(qie)不可(ke)(ke)用(yong)力過猛(meng);③兩手(shou)(shou)同時點(dian)揉(rou)承漿(jiang)、風府穴(xue)(xue)約1分(fen)鐘(zhong),手(shou)(shou)法輕(qing)(qing)柔,然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)雙手(shou)(shou)點(dian)揉(rou)患部(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)側之合谷、后(hou)(hou)(hou)溪穴(xue)(xue),強刺激(以病(bing)人耐(nai)受(shou)為(wei)度(du)),同時令患者輕(qing)(qing)緩(huan)左右(you)(you)扭頸(jing)(jing),盡量扭轉(zhuan)至(zhi)(zhi)最(zui)大限度(du),約1分(fen)鐘(zhong),然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)低頭(tou),仰頭(tou),活動(dong)頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)。若落(luo)枕(zhen)癥(zheng)狀較輕(qing)(qing),此手(shou)(shou)法即可(ke)(ke)獲效。頭(tou)痛(tong)嚴重、頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)不能轉(zhuan)動(dong)者,可(ke)(ke)先按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)揉(rou)患側肩井穴(xue)(xue)2~3分(fen)鐘(zhong),并囑患者緩(huan)緩(huan)轉(zhuan)動(dong)頸(jing)(jing)項,當(dang)疼痛(tong)稍減后(hou)(hou)(hou),再行(xing)治(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao),效果更(geng)佳;④自(zi)我(wo)按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)摩:用(yong)兩手(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)在枕(zhen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)力按(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)摩,直到(dao)局部(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)熱為(wei)止(zhi)。

(2)針灸療法

針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)灸(jiu)治(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)本病方法頗(po)多,如(ru)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)刺(ci)(ci)、指針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、電(dian)(dian)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、耳(er)(er)(er)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya)丸等。①針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)刺(ci)(ci)主(zhu)(zhu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue):懸(xuan)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、養老、后(hou)溪(xi)。配(pei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue):內關(guan)(guan)、外(wai)關(guan)(guan)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渚、陽陵(ling)泉。治(zhi)(zhi)法:以(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),每(mei)(mei)(mei)次(ci)僅取(qu)一穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),效欠佳(jia)時(shi)(shi),加用(yong)(yong)或(huo)(huo)改用(yong)(yong)配(pei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。懸(xuan)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),直(zhi)刺(ci)(ci)1、5~1、8寸深,用(yong)(yong)強(qiang)或(huo)(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等刺(ci)(ci)激,得氣(qi)(qi)后(hou)留(liu)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)15~20分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);養老穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)尖向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)斜刺(ci)(ci)1、5寸,使針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)感(gan)(gan)(gan)傳至肩部(bu)(bu);后(hou)溪(xi),直(zhi)刺(ci)(ci)0、5~0、8寸,得氣(qi)(qi)后(hou)捻轉(zhuan)(zhuan)運針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)1~3分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),亦(yi)可(ke)加電(dian)(dian)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)刺(ci)(ci)激,頻率(lv)40~50次(ci)/分(fen)(fen)(fen),連續波。配(pei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),用(yong)(yong)常規針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)法,深刺(ci)(ci),務求(qiu)得氣(qi)(qi)感(gan)(gan)(gan)強(qiang)烈(lie)。在上(shang)(shang)(shang)述(shu)任一穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)刺(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi),均(jun)須要求(qiu)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)主(zhu)(zhu)動活動頸(jing)部(bu)(bu),范圍由(you)小(xiao)漸(jian)大(da)。留(liu)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)15分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),每(mei)(mei)(mei)日(ri)1次(ci)。或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)采用(yong)(yong)主(zhu)(zhu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue):大(da)椎。配(pei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue):肩井(jing)(jing)。治(zhi)(zhi)法:令患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)端坐于(yu)椅上(shang)(shang)(shang),頭(tou)向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)傾(qing)。取(qu)準(zhun)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)后(hou),針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)尖偏(pian)向(xiang)(xiang)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)側(ce)(ce)進針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)深度約(yue)(yue)0、5~1寸,使針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)感(gan)(gan)(gan)向(xiang)(xiang)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)側(ce)(ce)頸(jing)、肩部(bu)(bu)傳導,得氣(qi)(qi)后(hou),操作(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)用(yong)(yong)一手(shou)按(an)(an)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)側(ce)(ce)肩井(jing)(jing)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),讓患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)作(zuo)最大(da)限度左右(you)活動頸(jing)部(bu)(bu),同(tong)時(shi)(shi),另(ling)一手(shou)捻針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)3~4分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。如(ru)效果(guo)不顯著,取(qu)艾條長約(yue)(yue)5cm,插于(yu)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)柄(bing)上(shang)(shang)(shang)點燃,至灸(jiu)完后(hou)起針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)區加拔(ba)罐10~15分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。每(mei)(mei)(mei)日(ri)1次(ci);②指針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)主(zhu)(zhu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue):外(wai)關(guan)(guan)、內關(guan)(guan)、阿是(shi)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。配(pei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue):風(feng)池(chi)、肩井(jing)(jing)、肩貞、養老、天柱、風(feng)府、大(da)椎、理想穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。理想穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)置:風(feng)池(chi)至肩井(jing)(jing)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)之中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點。治(zhi)(zhi)法:主(zhu)(zhu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),效不佳(jia)時(shi)(shi)加配(pei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。先輕(qing)(qing)拍或(huo)(huo)指按(an)(an)疼(teng)痛(tong)處即阿是(shi)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)1分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。術(shu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)拇指掐壓(ya)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)內關(guan)(guan)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)指或(huo)(huo)食指抵(di)于(yu)外(wai)關(guan)(guan)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)次(ci)2~3分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),用(yong)(yong)力由(you)輕(qing)(qing)而重(zhong),使壓(ya)力從內關(guan)(guan)透達(da)外(wai)關(guan)(guan),患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)可(ke)有(you)酸、麻、脹、熱感(gan)(gan)(gan),或(huo)(huo)有(you)此類得氣(qi)(qi)感(gan)(gan)(gan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)傳的感(gan)(gan)(gan)覺。掐壓(ya)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),宜(yi)囑(zhu)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)左右(you)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)頸(jing)部(bu)(bu)。配(pei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),單手(shou)拿風(feng)池(chi)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)20次(ci),雙(shuang)手(shou)拿肩井(jing)(jing)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)20次(ci),余穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)可(ke)采用(yong)(yong)指壓(ya)法,或(huo)(huo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)下左右(you)推(tui)按(an)(an),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)1~2分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)述(shu)方法每(mei)(mei)(mei)日(ri)1次(ci),3次(ci)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一療(liao)(liao)程(cheng);③電(dian)(dian)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)主(zhu)(zhu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue):分(fen)(fen)(fen)2組(zu)(zu)(zu)。第(di)(di)一組(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)養老、新設、外(wai)關(guan)(guan)、肩中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俞;第(di)(di)二組(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)風(feng)池(chi)、肩井(jing)(jing)、大(da)椎旁1寸、肩外(wai)俞。治(zhi)(zhi)法上(shang)(shang)(shang)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)均(jun)取(qu)。應(ying)用(yong)(yong)直(zhi)流感(gan)(gan)(gan)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)療(liao)(liao)機(ji),取(qu)直(zhi)徑(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)3厘(li)米(mi)的圓形手(shou)柄(bing)電(dian)(dian)極操作(zuo)。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陽極取(qu)第(di)(di)1組(zu)(zu)(zu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),陰極取(qu)第(di)(di)2組(zu)(zu)(zu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。通電(dian)(dian)前(qian)先輕(qing)(qing)揉穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)片刻,再通以(yi)(yi)感(gan)(gan)(gan)應(ying)電(dian)(dian),電(dian)(dian)量(liang)漸(jian)增(zeng)大(da)至2~10V,以(yi)(yi)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)能耐受為(wei)(wei)(wei)限,每(mei)(mei)(mei)次(ci)通電(dian)(dian)約(yue)(yue)3~5秒(miao)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。當看到(dao)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)側(ce)(ce)肌(ji)肉(rou)收縮(suo),即改為(wei)(wei)(wei)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)治(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao),為(wei)(wei)(wei)20~40mA,每(mei)(mei)(mei)次(ci)亦(yi)通電(dian)(dian)3~5秒(miao)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),治(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)時(shi)(shi)令患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)作(zuo)頸(jing)部(bu)(bu)活動。全部(bu)(bu)治(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)時(shi)(shi)間約(yue)(yue)5~10分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。每(mei)(mei)(mei)日(ri)1次(ci),3次(ci)一療(liao)(liao)程(cheng);④耳(er)(er)(er)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya)丸主(zhu)(zhu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue):頸(jing)、神門。治(zhi)(zhi)法:雙(shuang)側(ce)(ce)主(zhu)(zhu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)均(jun)用(yong)(yong)。取(qu)綠豆1~2粒,置于(yu)以(yi)(yi)市(shi)售活血止(zhi)痛(tong)膏(gao)或(huo)(huo)傷濕(shi)止(zhi)痛(tong)肓(huang)剪成(cheng)的1×1平方厘(li)米(mi)的方塊中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),粘(zhan)貼于(yu)所選耳(er)(er)(er)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),將(jiang)邊緣(yuan)壓(ya)緊(jin)。之后(hou),按(an)(an)壓(ya)該耳(er)(er)(er)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)0、5~1分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),手(shou)法由(you)輕(qing)(qing)到(dao)重(zhong),至有(you)熱脹及疼(teng)感(gan)(gan)(gan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)佳(jia),并囑(zhu)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)活動頸(jing)部(bu)(bu)2~3分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。要求(qiu)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)每(mei)(mei)(mei)日(ri)自行按(an)(an)壓(ya)3次(ci),貼至痊愈后(hou)去(qu)掉。

2.藥物療法

本病(bing)多采用(yong)外用(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物治(zhi)療,如膏藥(yao)(yao)(yao)、藥(yao)(yao)(yao)膏等。膏藥(yao)(yao)(yao)多外貼頸(jing)部痛處(chu),每(mei)天更換一(yi)次(ci),止(zhi)痛效果較理想,但病(bing)人自感貼膏后頸(jing)部活動受到一(yi)定(ding)限制(zhi),需注(zhu)意(yi),某些(xie)膏藥(yao)(yao)(yao)中含(han)有(you)辛香走竄、動血滑(hua)胎(tai)之藥(yao)(yao)(yao),故孕婦忌用(yong)。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)膏可選用(yong)按摩乳、青(qing)鵬軟膏等,痛處(chu)擦揉,每(mei)天2~3次(ci),有(you)一(yi)定(ding)效果。

二、落枕是由什(shen)么原因(yin)引起的

落(luo)枕在廣東地區也稱“訓矮(ai)頸(jing)(jing)”,病因主要有(you)兩個方面:一是肌肉扭傷(shang),如夜間(jian)睡眠(mian)(mian)姿(zi)(zi)勢不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)良,頭頸(jing)(jing)長時(shi)間(jian)處(chu)于(yu)過(guo)度偏轉的位置;或(huo)因睡眠(mian)(mian)時(shi)枕頭不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合適,過(guo)高(gao)、過(guo)低或(huo)過(guo)硬(ying),使頭頸(jing)(jing)處(chu)于(yu)過(guo)伸(shen)或(huo)過(guo)屈狀態,均可引(yin)起頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)一側(ce)肌肉緊張,使頸(jing)(jing)椎小關節扭錯,時(shi)間(jian)較長即(ji)(ji)可發生靜(jing)力性損傷(shang),使傷(shang)處(chu)肌筋強硬(ying)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)和,氣(qi)血運行(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)暢(chang),局部(bu)疼痛不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)適,動作明顯受(shou)限等。二是感(gan)受(shou)風寒(han),如睡眠(mian)(mian)時(shi)受(shou)寒(han),盛夏貪涼(liang),使頸(jing)(jing)背部(bu)氣(qi)血凝滯,筋絡痹阻,以(yi)致(zhi)僵硬(ying)疼痛,動作不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)利。三是某些頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)外傷(shang),也可導(dao)致(zhi)肌肉保(bao)護性收縮以(yi)及關節扭挫,再逢睡眠(mian)(mian)時(shi)頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)姿(zi)(zi)勢不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)良,氣(qi)血壅滯,筋脈拘(ju)攣(luan),也可導(dao)致(zhi)本病。四是素有(you)頸(jing)(jing)椎病等頸(jing)(jing)肩(jian)部(bu)筋傷(shang),稍感(gan)風寒(han)或(huo)睡姿(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)良,即(ji)(ji)可引(yin)發本病,甚至可反復”落(luo)枕”。

一(yi)般表現為(wei)起(qi)床后感(gan)覺頸后部(bu)(bu)(bu),上(shang)背(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)疼(teng)痛(tong)(tong)不(bu)適(shi),以一(yi)側為(wei)多(duo),或有兩(liang)側俱痛(tong)(tong)者,或一(yi)側重(zhong),一(yi)側輕(qing),由(you)(you)于身(shen)體(ti)由(you)(you)平躺(tang)改為(wei)直立,頸部(bu)(bu)(bu)肌群力量(liang)改變,可引起(qi)進行性加重(zhong),甚(shen)至累及肩部(bu)(bu)(bu)及胸背(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)。多(duo)數患者可回想(xiang)到昨(zuo)夜睡眠(mian)位置欠佳(jia),檢查(cha)時頸部(bu)(bu)(bu)肌肉有觸痛(tong)(tong)。由(you)(you)于疼(teng)痛(tong)(tong),使頸項活動(dong)不(bu)利,不(bu)能自由(you)(you)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan),嚴重(zhong)者俯仰也有困難,甚(shen)至頭部(bu)(bu)(bu)強直于異常位置,使頭偏向病側。檢查(cha)時頸部(bu)(bu)(bu)肌肉有觸痛(tong)(tong)、淺層肌肉有痙攣、僵硬(ying),觸之(zhi)有”條索(suo)感(gan)”。

三、治療落枕的中醫藥膳(shan)

藥膳一:黃酒燉烏蛇

材料:烏蛇1條,蔥(cong)、姜、黃(huang)酒(jiu)、清(qing)水適量(liang)。

做法:將烏蛇去皮,清理(li)干凈(jing)捏內臟等物(wu),洗干凈(jing)后切成5厘米長的塊狀,放入(ru)準備好的砂鍋,加入(ru)其余的材料,用大火煮滾(gun)后,再(zai)用中火燉到材料熟爛,加少(shao)許鹽(yan)即可(ke)。可(ke)以分一(yi)天2次(ci)食用。

功效(xiao):具有祛風通絡(luo)的(de)功效(xiao),適用(yong)于征頸椎病(bing)而且肢體疼痛甚至麻木(mu)的(de)患者(zhe)食用(yong)。

藥膳二:葛根五加粥

材(cai)料:葛根、薏米(mi)(mi)仁、粳米(mi)(mi)各50克(ke)(ke),刺(ci)五加15克(ke)(ke)。

做法:將以(yi)上(shang)材(cai)料分別洗干凈(jing),然后將葛根切(qie)碎,刺五加(jia)加(jia)水煎(jian)熱后取汁備用,接著和其他材(cai)料一同放(fang)入小瓦鍋中,加(jia)水適量(liang),大(da)火煮滾后用溫和熬成粥。可(ke)以(yi)加(jia)食鹽(yan)少許。

功效(xiao):有(you)助于祛風,幫助除濕和止痛。適用(yong)于征風寒濕痹阻型的頸椎(zhui)病,頸部有(you)強(qiang)烈的疼痛。

四(si)、預防落枕方法有這些

1.避免誘(you)發因(yin)素。勞累、受涼、外傷都是(shi)造成(cheng)落枕的(de)(de)誘(you)因(yin),尤其是(shi)很(hen)多(duo)年輕人(ren),白天(tian)面對電(dian)腦總保(bao)持一個姿勢,頸(jing)椎勞累過度(du),晚上再開(kai)著空調或電(dian)風扇睡覺,頸(jing)部(bu)的(de)(de)血(xue)管、肌肉受到寒(han)冷的(de)(de)刺激很(hen)容易發生落枕。所(suo)以(yi)平時(shi)不要(yao)總對著電(dian)腦,每隔一小時(shi)要(yao)起(qi)來活動一下,緩(huan)解頸(jing)部(bu)肌肉的(de)(de)緊張狀況。晚上睡覺也不要(yao)直接對著冷風吹(chui),注意頸(jing)部(bu)的(de)(de)保(bao)暖,保(bao)證(zheng)睡眠時(shi)頸(jing)肩不受涼。

2.鍛(duan)(duan)煉(lian)(lian)頸(jing)背(bei)(bei)部(bu)的(de)(de)肌肉。頸(jing)背(bei)(bei)部(bu)的(de)(de)肌肉是保持頸(jing)椎(zhui)穩定(ding)的(de)(de)關鍵,但(dan)是現在(zai)的(de)(de)上班族往(wang)往(wang)缺乏鍛(duan)(duan)煉(lian)(lian),頸(jing)背(bei)(bei)部(bu)的(de)(de)肌肉也難以(yi)得到鍛(duan)(duan)煉(lian)(lian),以(yi)至于(yu)搬運(yun)重物或是用力(li)過猛就會造成(cheng)頸(jing)部(bu)肌肉受傷(shang)。所(suo)以(yi),要想(xiang)保護好頸(jing)椎(zhui),關鍵要鍛(duan)(duan)煉(lian)(lian)好頸(jing)背(bei)(bei)部(bu)的(de)(de)肌肉。最好每天抽出一定(ding)的(de)(de)時間(jian)進行鍛(duan)(duan)煉(lian)(lian),尤其注意加強頸(jing)肩部(bu)肌肉的(de)(de)鍛(duan)(duan)煉(lian)(lian),游(you)泳、放風箏對(dui)預防頸(jing)椎(zhui)病效果較好。

3.其他(ta)。除(chu)此之(zhi)外,如果(guo)沒有時間游(you)泳、放風箏,坐(zuo)在辦公桌前一樣可(ke)以(yi)鍛煉頸背(bei)部的肌肉,而且效果(guo)更明(ming)顯。只要挺腰直坐(zuo),兩手交叉放在頭后,托住頭部,然后雙手向(xiang)前使勁,頭頸向(xiang)后使勁,然后較(jiao)住勁兒,保持十幾秒。這種(zhong)鍛煉可(ke)以(yi)專門有針對性地鍛煉頸背(bei)部的肌肉,每天(tian)重復(fu)幾次,就可(ke)減少頸椎的不穩定性。

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