賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)卦為(wei)(wei)艮(gen)離(li)合。上(shang)(shang)艮(gen)下(xia)(xia)離(li)。亦(yi)三陰(yin)(yin)三陽卦。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)與噬嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)為(wei)(wei)正反。則(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三四兩爻(yao)(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。噬嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)陽在上(shang)(shang)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)則(ze)(ze)在下(xia)(xia)。噬嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)為(wei)(wei)六三九四。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)則(ze)(ze)為(wei)(wei)九三六四。是(shi)(shi)噬嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)(you)類未濟(ji)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)類既(ji)(ji)濟(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)卦言。噬嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)上(shang)(shang)離(li)下(xia)(xia)震。為(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)陰(yin)(yin)下(xia)(xia)陽。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)艮(gen)下(xia)(xia)離(li)。為(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)陽下(xia)(xia)陰(yin)(yin)。是(shi)(shi)噬嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)(you)似于泰。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)似否也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)陽在上(shang)(shang)為(wei)(wei)逆(ni)。陰(yin)(yin)在上(shang)(shang)為(wei)(wei)順(shun)(shun)。陽升陰(yin)(yin)降。順(shun)(shun)則(ze)(ze)相(xiang)交(jiao)。逆(ni)則(ze)(ze)相(xiang)背。不(bu)(bu)過卦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陽者(zhe)爻(yao)(yao)多(duo)陰(yin)(yin)。卦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陰(yin)(yin)者(zhe)爻(yao)(yao)多(duo)陽。若(ruo)從爻(yao)(yao)論(lun)。則(ze)(ze)噬嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)為(wei)(wei)逆(ni)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)卻順(shun)(shun)。此(ci)(ci)用二(er)卦者(zhe)。所當分(fen)別也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。噬嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兩陽爻(yao)(yao)居上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)位。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)亦(yi)如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。此(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)同也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)噬嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)頤(yi)中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)物。象人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食物。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)則(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)因頤(yi)成用。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)取于外陽內陰(yin)(yin)。猶物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)飾。也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)故曰賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)飾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。飾者(zhe)必(bi)(bi)(bi)有(you)(you)(you)文。文者(zhe)必(bi)(bi)(bi)有(you)(you)(you)色(se)(se)。是(shi)(shi)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用。因文以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)觀。色(se)(se)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)美也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然傳(chuan)曰。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)無(wu)色(se)(se)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)曰有(you)(you)(you)色(se)(se)。何(he)又謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)色(se)(se)。此(ci)(ci)讀易者(zhe)所宜深思也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)原(yuan)重(zhong)色(se)(se)非本來有(you)(you)(you)色(se)(se)。因無(wu)色(se)(se)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后求色(se)(se)。是(shi)(shi)體無(wu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)用有(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。繪事后素。唯(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)無(wu)色(se)(se)。乃(nai)能(neng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)色(se)(se)稱(cheng)(cheng)若(ruo)有(you)(you)(you)色(se)(se)者(zhe)。更(geng)傳(chuan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)色(se)(se)。將斑爛駁雜(za)。不(bu)(bu)復可觀。則(ze)(ze)安用飾為(wei)(wei)。故飾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所貴(gui)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)潔(jie)質也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)寶玉(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)琢。美絹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)繡。皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本質之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)凈。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后加以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)文采(cai)。愈成其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)美也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)(cheng)無(wu)色(se)(se)者(zhe)。一義也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美者(zhe)。必(bi)(bi)(bi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壯(zhuang)盛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)。德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)華(hua)者(zhe)。必(bi)(bi)(bi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)充實之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)(ri)。誠于中(zhong)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后形于外。有(you)(you)(you)文者(zhe)必(bi)(bi)(bi)先(xian)具其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)質。有(you)(you)(you)用者(zhe)。必(bi)(bi)(bi)先(xian)養其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體。本末之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)資也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。始終之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)得也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)無(wu)色(se)(se)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)色(se)(se)稱(cheng)(cheng)。正以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)本有(you)(you)(you)始。不(bu)(bu)與浮華(hua)濫(lan)美者(zhe)同。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本既(ji)(ji)立。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)既(ji)(ji)充光(guang)大之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發揚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。則(ze)(ze)道無(wu)可量。德(de)有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)盡。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)返(fan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本始。歸于平淡(dan)。則(ze)(ze)用有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)罄。化(hua)可無(wu)窮。是(shi)(shi)天(tian)地(di)生育之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)。不(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)自致。日(ri)(ri)月光(guang)明之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力。不(bu)(bu)慮而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)自成。故賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飾見。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)究仍至于不(bu)(bu)飾。則(ze)(ze)色(se)(se)既(ji)(ji)無(wu)色(se)(se)。文既(ji)(ji)無(wu)文。fo所謂色(se)(se)既(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)空。空既(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)色(se)(se)。此(ci)(ci)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)(cheng)無(wu)色(se)(se)者(zhe)二(er)義也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
賁以(yi)(yi)(yi)山(shan)下有(you)(you)(you)火(huo)為(wei)(wei)象。山(shan)高而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)火(huo)明(ming)。高明(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象也。山(shan)出地(di)面。為(wei)(wei)眾所(suo)(suo)(suo)瞻(zhan)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百物生(sheng)焉。貨財藏焉。此(ci)富(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象也。離(li)為(wei)(wei)日(ri)為(wei)(wei)火(huo)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)山(shan)下。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)釋火(huo)為(wei)(wei)宜。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)落日(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象。皆有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)燭萬(wan)物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義。物富(fu)(fu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)得(de)明(ming)。有(you)(you)(you)天(tian)下文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象。故周易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序。以(yi)(yi)(yi)繼噬嗑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后。蓋(gai)噬嗑得(de)食而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)黃金遇合(he)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)建事功(gong)。因(yin)生(sheng)養之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)獲安居樂業之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福。其(qi)已(yi)(yi)富(fu)(fu)足可知。既富(fu)(fu)足矣。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)宜繼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)教。正之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)禮(li)。禮(li)教者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)也。人民安生(sheng)樂業。逸居適(shi)意。不(bu)有(you)(you)(you)禮(li)教。猶衣錦宵行。食肉草地(di)。雖口體之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)快。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)非志之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)求。且人欲無厭。物好(hao)難足強弱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)一(yi)。貧富(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)難齊。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)爭(zheng)訟以(yi)(yi)(yi)興。糾紛必甚。在(zai)噬嗑既有(you)(you)(you)用(yong)獄(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)。可見(jian)防微社(she)漸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道。實不(bu)可更緩。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)雖刑法足以(yi)(yi)(yi)鎮于一(yi)時(shi)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)風俗必別求化于萬(wan)世。用(yong)獄(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道將(jiang)不(bu)可久(jiu)持。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)禮(li)教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)興。實事所(suo)(suo)(suo)必然是噬嗑所(suo)(suo)(suo)需(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)刑獄(yu)。至賁已(yi)(yi)更為(wei)(wei)禮(li)教。禮(li)教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛。天(tian)下文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)富(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)得(de)安。貧者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)得(de)生(sheng)。上有(you)(you)(you)其(qi)養。下愛其(qi)身。衣美食甘。濟濟循(xun)循(xun)。日(ri)作夜息。孜孜勤勤。遠邇咸化。疏者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)親。揖讓有(you)(you)(you)節。戾者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)醇邪就(jiu)于正。貪(tan)就(jiu)于貞。恣就(jiu)于飭。暴就(jiu)于仁。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)天(tian)下同化于善。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)人文(wen)(wen)(wen)與日(ri)月共明(ming)矣。此(ci)賁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大用(yong)。棄(qi)刑獄(yu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)重政令。敦禮(li)教而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)啟文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)。因(yin)天(tian)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)敷(fu)四(si)時(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)春。本艮止之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)推離(li)火(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光明(ming)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)賁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)因(yin)象致用(yong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也。象以(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)道。用(yong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)德。德至道凝。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后見(jian)其(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)飾。誠中形外而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)復歸于無色。大哉(zai)賁乎。天(tian)道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)行。人道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)明(ming)。萬(wan)物始終。生(sheng)成(cheng)無垠(yin)。剛柔交通(tong)。華實相(xiang)因(yin)。斯(si)本末(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。圣人化育(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)也。唯天(tian)澤履足以(yi)(yi)(yi)媲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。
賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)卦(gua)(gua)之為(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。恰與(yu)(yu)(yu)噬(shi)(shi)嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)相(xiang)(xiang)反(fan)相(xiang)(xiang)成(cheng)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)數同(tong)也(ye)。數同(tong)則(ze)力等(deng)。故(gu)其(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)類(lei)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)噬(shi)(shi)嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)之異。則(ze)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)爻二(er)位。中(zhong)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)爻。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)全卦(gua)(gua)之中(zhong)。介于(yu)上(shang)(shang)下之會。本天(tian)親上(shang)(shang)。本地親下。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)陽在(zai)(zai)下。與(yu)(yu)(yu)噬(shi)(shi)嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)相(xiang)(xiang)反(fan)。故(gu)其(qi)(qi)象有(you)(you)(you)若敵對。噬(shi)(shi)嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)之大用(yong)(yong)(yong)。在(zai)(zai)內(nei)虛而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)求給于(yu)外(wai)。乃有(you)(you)(you)食(shi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)合二(er)義。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之大用(yong)(yong)(yong)。在(zai)(zai)內(nei)充而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)加于(yu)外(wai)。乃有(you)(you)(you)文(wen)飾與(yu)(yu)(yu)質素二(er)義。所差者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)只在(zai)(zai)一爻間。內(nei)陰(yin)(yin)外(wai)陽。則(ze)為(wei)(wei)噬(shi)(shi)嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)。內(nei)陽外(wai)陰(yin)(yin)。則(ze)為(wei)(wei)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)。陽道實(shi)(shi)(shi)。陰(yin)(yin)道虛。實(shi)(shi)(shi)則(ze)善(shan)施。虛則(ze)善(shan)受。善(shan)施者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。志于(yu)外(wai)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)好譽(yu)。善(shan)受者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。志于(yu)內(nei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)好取。取莫先(xian)食(shi)。譽(yu)必有(you)(you)(you)文(wen)。此二(er)卦(gua)(gua)之志各不同(tong)也(ye)。陽者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)近天(tian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)易(yi)升(sheng)。陰(yin)(yin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)近地而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)易(yi)降(jiang)。升(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)終(zhong)(zhong)降(jiang)。降(jiang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)終(zhong)(zhong)升(sheng)。合則(ze)為(wei)(wei)和。分則(ze)乖(guai)離(li)。二(er)卦(gua)(gua)雖(sui)(sui)(sui)相(xiang)(xiang)反(fan)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)情有(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)需(xu)也(ye)。其(qi)(qi)故(gu)何在(zai)(zai)。則(ze)由于(yu)離(li)之一卦(gua)(gua)。噬(shi)(shi)嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)離(li)在(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)與(yu)(yu)(yu)震合。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)離(li)在(zai)(zai)下。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)與(yu)(yu)(yu)艮(gen)合。艮(gen)震雖(sui)(sui)(sui)殊。離(li)未易(yi)也(ye)在(zai)(zai)下則(ze)有(you)(you)(you)火(huo)象。在(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)則(ze)如日星(xing)。火(huo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)熱稱。日以(yi)(yi)(yi)光著(zhu)。雖(sui)(sui)(sui)相(xiang)(xiang)類(lei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)實(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)差。不過(guo)既屬(shu)一卦(gua)(gua)。其(qi)(qi)德必同(tong)。雖(sui)(sui)(sui)因(yin)上(shang)(shang)下之分。其(qi)(qi)致用(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)(you)(you)殊。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)五行之數。其(qi)(qi)運行終(zhong)(zhong)不二(er)也(ye)。故(gu)噬(shi)(shi)嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)與(yu)(yu)(yu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)。因(yin)有(you)(you)(you)離(li)之同(tong)。其(qi)(qi)卒(zu)仍(reng)相(xiang)(xiang)需(xu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)成(cheng)也(ye)。離(li)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)女(nv)。震為(wei)(wei)長(chang)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)。艮(gen)為(wei)(wei)少男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)。長(chang)少雖(sui)(sui)(sui)殊。為(wei)(wei)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)則(ze)一。故(gu)皆與(yu)(yu)(yu)離(li)得。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)竟其(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)焉。長(chang)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)在(zai)(zai)下。有(you)(you)(you)生成(cheng)之德。少男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)在(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)。有(you)(you)(you)依戀之情。此噬(shi)(shi)嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)之用(yong)(yong)(yong)重在(zai)(zai)內(nei)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之用(yong)(yong)(yong)重在(zai)(zai)外(wai)。在(zai)(zai)內(nei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。為(wei)(wei)畜積之待取于(yu)人(ren)物。在(zai)(zai)外(wai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。如布(bu)施之頒(ban)發于(yu)己心。故(gu)噬(shi)(shi)嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)志在(zai)(zai)利。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)志在(zai)(zai)名(ming)。噬(shi)(shi)嗑(ke)(ke)(ke)貴(gui)有(you)(you)(you)合。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)貴(gui)能誠。有(you)(you)(you)合則(ze)易(yi)得。能誠則(ze)易(yi)明。此二(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)實(shi)(shi)(shi)本末之事。人(ren)己之道。不獨相(xiang)(xiang)成(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)需(xu)。且勢必與(yu)(yu)(yu)成(cheng)。理必與(yu)(yu)(yu)需(xu)也(ye)。故(gu)周(zhou)易(yi)次為(wei)(wei)先(xian)后焉。
賁(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)離在艮下。離明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)艮止(zhi)(zhi)。明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)光輝(hui)(hui)外(wai)見(jian)。止(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)靜(jing)定(ding)內(nei)(nei)存。是上下內(nei)(nei)外(wai)相(xiang)應也(ye)(ye)(ye)。明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)先(xian)誠。既充實而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)光輝(hui)(hui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)大也(ye)(ye)(ye)。止(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)先(xian)知(zhi)(zhi)。既知(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)有(you)定(ding)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。二者(zhe)合言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。既大學全體工夫(fu)。中庸全部旨(zhi)趣。大學先(xian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)德(de)。既自(zi)(zi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。終(zhong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)止(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)善(shan)。既知(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。中庸誠明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)。中和(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)。既由(you)(you)內(nei)(nei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)達外(wai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。仁智之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行。禮(li)樂(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)。既由(you)(you)外(wai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)返內(nei)(nei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)內(nei)(nei)能(neng)成(cheng)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)德(de)可及(ji)于(yu)(yu)(yu)天下。外(wai)能(neng)止(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)道(dao)(dao)可歸(gui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)本始。內(nei)(nei)外(wai)本末。一以(yi)(yi)(yi)貫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。此(ci)(ci)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)成(cheng)德(de)達道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所見(jian)。圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)本乎天性(xing)(xing)。發乎人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)情(qing)。微于(yu)(yu)(yu)鬼神。昭于(yu)(yu)(yu)日(ri)月。通于(yu)(yu)(yu)時序。化(hua)于(yu)(yu)(yu)萬物(wu)(wu)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)道(dao)(dao)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)啟人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。故(gu)師賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象。以(yi)(yi)(yi)推(tui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)天文(wen)(wen)(wen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。樹(shu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)政(zheng)治(zhi)。廣其(qi)(qi)(qi)禮(li)教。政(zheng)治(zhi)清(qing)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)天下安(an)寧。禮(li)教明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)天下和(he)樂(le)。此(ci)(ci)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)飾(shi)。非徒(tu)衒其(qi)(qi)(qi)外(wai)觀(guan)(guan)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)必澄(cheng)思靜(jing)慮。以(yi)(yi)(yi)返于(yu)(yu)(yu)巳(si)身。守貞履亨。以(yi)(yi)(yi)應于(yu)(yu)(yu)萬物(wu)(wu)。然后(hou)有(you)儀(yi)(yi)可象。有(you)威(wei)可畏。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)威(wei)儀(yi)(yi)非故(gu)致之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)。君子不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)威(wei)儀(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)尊。故(gu)外(wai)觀(guan)(guan)雖盛。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)內(nei)(nei)體無(wu)加(jia)。表貌雖華(hua)(hua)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)本末不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)減。以(yi)(yi)(yi)飾(shi)猶(you)無(wu)飾(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。猶(you)無(wu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)色(se)(se)。猶(you)無(wu)色(se)(se)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)自(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)見(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)。德(de)自(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)德(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)名其(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)。何(he)哉。中誠者(zhe)。無(wu)所待(dai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)外(wai)。內(nei)(nei)充者(zhe)。無(wu)所移于(yu)(yu)(yu)物(wu)(wu)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)徒(tu)見(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)飾(shi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)君子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未嘗飾(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)徒(tu)覺(jue)其(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)君子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未嘗文(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。為(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)無(wu)為(wei)(wei)。行所無(wu)事。如(ru)日(ri)月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)自(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)。明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)如(ru)山(shan)川(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)自(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)大。此(ci)(ci)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)。實以(yi)(yi)(yi)質勝也(ye)(ye)(ye)。圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)慮人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)情(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好浮(fu)夸(kua)。慕(mu)聲色(se)(se)。喜華(hua)(hua)美。尚(shang)虛偽。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)自(zi)(zi)忘其(qi)(qi)(qi)本來。故(gu)因賁(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)示(shi)教焉。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)飾(shi)用(yong)(yong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)重在飾(shi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)顯(xian)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)尚(shang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。且更明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)揭無(wu)色(se)(se)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辭(ci)。昭著止(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)。復以(yi)(yi)(yi)飾(shi)盡(jin)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)剝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)。示(shi)天道(dao)(dao)與衰榮(rong)瘁(cui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)因果。其(qi)(qi)(qi)旨(zhi)甚微。其(qi)(qi)(qi)意甚切。非釋(shi)一卦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象已(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)吉卦也(ye)(ye)(ye)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)非吉。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)何(he)耳。知(zhi)(zhi)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)本。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)誤(wu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)用(yong)(yong)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)成(cheng)其(qi)(qi)(qi)美譽。慕(mu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可夸(kua)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)徒(tu)恣其(qi)(qi)(qi)情(qing)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)損(sun)其(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)真(zhen)。此(ci)(ci)智者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所懷。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)愚(yu)著之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所務也(ye)(ye)(ye)。觀(guan)(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)后(hou)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)可知(zhi)(zhi)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)戒于(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)飾(shi)。察于(yu)(yu)(yu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象辭(ci)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)可知(zhi)(zhi)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)善(shan)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)飾(shi)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)飾(shi)非不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可為(wei)(wei)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可求。非不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可得。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可貪。以(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)飾(shi)終(zhong)為(wei)(wei)外(wai)物(wu)(wu)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)我何(he)加(jia)。天性(xing)(xing)原(yuan)無(wu)色(se)(se)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。由(you)(you)云(yun)霞(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耀采。知(zhi)(zhi)色(se)(se)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所自(zi)(zi)來。由(you)(you)花葉(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多華(hua)(hua)。知(zhi)(zhi)色(se)(se)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所終(zhong)結。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)解圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)用(yong)(yong)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)遽易為(wei)(wei)剝也(ye)(ye)(ye)歟。
賁(bi)卦(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)。取(qu)賁(bi)飾(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)。字從貝(bei)(bei)。古時貴(gui)重(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物。恒(heng)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)飾(shi)。有(you)(you)(you)類于(yu)(yu)玉。玉純而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)貝(bei)(bei)雜。以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。貝(bei)(bei)為(wei)(wei)飾(shi)。多藉其(qi)(qi)文以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)美觀(guan)(guan)。萋斐而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)輝光。華(hua)麗而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)能(neng)(neng)堅潔(jie)。故(gu)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)所(suo)(suo)尚(shang)。字上(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卉。花(hua)(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文。如(ru)(ru)(ru)其(qi)(qi)形。交互成(cheng)象(xiang)。故(gu)花(hua)(hua)亦名(ming)卉。草類之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)美色(se)(se)者(zhe)。稱曰花(hua)(hua)卉。色(se)(se)以(yi)(yi)采成(cheng)。粉也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)朱也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。花(hua)(hua)色(se)(se)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)最著。交而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)成(cheng)文。故(gu)卉字以(yi)(yi)一與I交。更互交而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)成(cheng)象(xiang)。明(ming)其(qi)(qi)色(se)(se)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雜也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。卉與貝(bei)(bei)合(he)(he)(he)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)賁(bi)。猶本是(shi)(shi)義(yi)。色(se)(se)美而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)文。質貴(gui)以(yi)(yi)潔(jie)。故(gu)比于(yu)(yu)飾(shi)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)見其(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)觀(guan)(guan)為(wei)(wei)尚(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)賁(bi)尚(shang)有(you)(you)(you)他義(yi)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)賁(bi)出(chu)。則(ze)自(zi)(zi)下(xia)(xia)涌上(shang)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)賁(bi)臨。則(ze)自(zi)(zi)上(shang)加(jia)下(xia)(xia)。賁(bi)出(chu)者(zhe)。猶泉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涌于(yu)(yu)地(di)中。其(qi)(qi)勢急。其(qi)(qi)氣盛(sheng)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)苗于(yu)(yu)地(di)面。其(qi)(qi)狀驟(zou)。其(qi)(qi)生勃(bo)有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)可遏(e)止(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勢。有(you)(you)(you)戛然(ran)脫去之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)狀。故(gu)賁(bi)為(wei)(wei)勇以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)能(neng)(neng)高于(yu)(yu)大(da)眾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)臨者(zhe)。其(qi)(qi)義(yi)亦近是(shi)(shi)。唯一自(zi)(zi)下(xia)(xia)。出(chu)一自(zi)(zi)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)臨為(wei)(wei)莊嚴(yan)。為(wei)(wei)威儀。有(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)象(xiang)以(yi)(yi)資觀(guan)(guan)瞻。有(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)物以(yi)(yi)壯視(shi)聽。其(qi)(qi)行曰至。其(qi)(qi)止(zhi)(zhi)曰臨。為(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)德肅而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)用大(da)。道尊而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)志高也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)賁(bi)為(wei)(wei)大(da)。有(you)(you)(you)孚(fu)于(yu)(yu)臨卦(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)。此賁(bi)飾(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)。尚(shang)宜(yi)通及(ji)此二(er)義(yi)。以(yi)(yi)盡其(qi)(qi)用。蓋賁(bi)雖以(yi)(yi)文稱。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)文有(you)(you)(you)目(mu)己出(chu)者(zhe)。有(you)(you)(you)自(zi)(zi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)加(jia)者(zhe)。自(zi)(zi)己出(chu)者(zhe)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)火之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光。有(you)(you)(you)耀于(yu)(yu)物。自(zi)(zi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)加(jia)者(zhe)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)照。有(you)(you)(you)輝于(yu)(yu)身。即一由(you)下(xia)(xia)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)上(shang)。或(huo)由(you)內(nei)(nei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)外(wai)(wai)(wai)。一由(you)上(shang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)下(xia)(xia)。或(huo)由(you)外(wai)(wai)(wai)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)內(nei)(nei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。卦(gua)合(he)(he)(he)二(er)者(zhe)。統稱曰賁(bi)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)卦(gua)象(xiang)亦因而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)分別其(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)觀(guan)(guan)焉。如(ru)(ru)(ru)艮下(xia)(xia)合(he)(he)(he)離火在(zai)山下(xia)(xia)。則(ze)自(zi)(zi)下(xia)(xia)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)上(shang)照也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)陽居(ju)上(shang)爻。下(xia)(xia)逮(dai)于(yu)(yu)諸爻。有(you)(you)(you)類觀(guan)(guan)卦(gua)。日在(zai)天空。則(ze)自(zi)(zi)上(shang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)下(xia)(xia)照也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。由(you)前言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。則(ze)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)觀(guan)(guan)。由(you)后(hou)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。則(ze)為(wei)(wei)客觀(guan)(guan)。觀(guan)(guan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)知其(qi)(qi)文。是(shi)(shi)主(zhu)客不(bu)同。觀(guan)(guan)則(ze)一也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)用亦因之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分。內(nei)(nei)外(wai)(wai)(wai)人(ren)己焉。飾(shi)雖無異(yi)。人(ren)己內(nei)(nei)外(wai)(wai)(wai)則(ze)殊(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)其(qi)(qi)辭皆含二(er)義(yi)。其(qi)(qi)用既有(you)(you)(you)殊(shu)途(tu)。此讀者(zhe)所(suo)(suo)宜(yi)審也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)繼噬(shi)嗑(ke)卦(gua)而(er)(er)(er)(er)明(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)。正以(yi)噬(shi)嗑(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)。天(tian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)遞(di)嬗。人(ren)(ren)情變遷。必(bi)至于是。而(er)(er)(er)(er)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)乃見(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)食(shi)者(zhe)。必(bi)求(qiu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)食(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美(mei)(mei)。有(you)(you)(you)衣者(zhe)。必(bi)求(qiu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)衣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)華(hua)。有(you)(you)(you)財(cai)者(zhe)。必(bi)求(qiu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)便。有(you)(you)(you)產者(zhe)。必(bi)求(qiu)積之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)豐。此(ci)情也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。天(tian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)亦如(ru)(ru)(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。有(you)(you)(you)春之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)煖。必(bi)有(you)(you)(you)夏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)暑。有(you)(you)(you)秋(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涼。必(bi)有(you)(you)(you)冬(dong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寒(han)。有(you)(you)(you)生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)芽。必(bi)見(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)華(hua)。有(you)(you)(you)花之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)榮。必(bi)見(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)實(shi)。此(ci)道(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)情天(tian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。相(xiang)須為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)。則(ze)噬(shi)嗑(ke)與賁(bi)(bi)(bi)。相(xiang)反相(xiang)成(cheng)(cheng)。亦理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)然(ran)。數之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)至。如(ru)(ru)(ru)噬(shi)嗑(ke)以(yi)食(shi)合(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)且得黃(huang)金以(yi)快其(qi)(qi)(qi)志。因亨利以(yi)遂其(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)。則(ze)至是必(bi)更(geng)求(qiu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)快所(suo)遂。則(ze)文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美(mei)(mei)。華(hua)麗(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)觀。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)期而(er)(er)(er)(er)啟其(qi)(qi)(qi)思。肆其(qi)(qi)(qi)欲。則(ze)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)者(zhe)。因富(fu)以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)禮(li)(li)。因合(he)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)功。禮(li)(li)文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)具也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。君子以(yi)禮(li)(li)文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)表。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)防其(qi)(qi)(qi)恣情欲。逞于嗜(shi)好。而(er)(er)(er)(er)反害之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)禮(li)(li)者(zhe)圣人(ren)(ren)將以(yi)文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)(shi)天(tian)下。而(er)(er)(er)(er)使斯民皆樂其(qi)(qi)(qi)華(hua)美(mei)(mei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)(shi)。天(tian)所(suo)予也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)所(suo)愿也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)猶有(you)(you)(you)所(suo)重(zhong)焉。則(ze)忠(zhong)(zhong)信是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。忠(zhong)(zhong)信之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)。可(ke)以(yi)學禮(li)(li)。徒禮(li)(li)而(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)忠(zhong)(zhong)信。是失禮(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)。失本(ben)者(zhe)。榮不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)久。文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)(shi)云乎(hu)哉。故(gu)禮(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)玉帛為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)華(hua)美(mei)(mei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)雖(sui)取華(hua)美(mei)(mei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)實(shi)以(yi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)色為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)歸。乃圣人(ren)(ren)示人(ren)(ren)微旨(zhi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)深思之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)觀。正如(ru)(ru)(ru)日月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)照。必(bi)有(you)(you)(you)日月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)。始成(cheng)(cheng)其(qi)(qi)(qi)光(guang)。若無(wu)(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)明(ming)。光(guang)奚(xi)從來。此(ci)圣人(ren)(ren)觀于天(tian)文(wen)(wen)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)。乃不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。雖(sui)尚文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)(shi)。必(bi)有(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)素質。素質不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)備。文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)(shi)奚(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。誤先之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)德(de)。德(de)立而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)名彰。德(de)行而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)譽見(jian)(jian)。莊嚴威儀。德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)著乎(hu)外者(zhe)。忠(zhong)(zhong)信樸實(shi)。德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)存乎(hu)中者(zhe)。此(ci)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)色稱(cheng)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)用(yong)(yong)以(yi)誠(cheng)見(jian)(jian)。誠(cheng)則(ze)明(ming)矣。無(wu)(wu)(wu)色則(ze)有(you)(you)(you)文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)(shi)矣。天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色。成(cheng)(cheng)于日月云霞。地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色。成(cheng)(cheng)于山水土石。物也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)本(ben)以(yi)馭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)色雖(sui)眾。道(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。色雖(sui)雜(za)。質不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)殊也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。艮(gen)止也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。離麗(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。麗(li)而(er)(er)(er)(er)止。此(ci)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。一(yi)剛一(yi)柔。而(er)(er)(er)(er)交為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)。一(yi)陰一(yi)陽。而(er)(er)(er)(er)互為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)德(de)。是文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)(shi)非自(zi)外來也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若曰自(zi)內。內原無(wu)(wu)(wu)物。是文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)加于我。無(wu)(wu)(wu)輕重(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。能解此(ci)旨(zhi)。始能達賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)矣。
賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)卦(gua)三(san)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)三(san)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。而(er)(er)(er)下卦(gua)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)多(duo)。上(shang)卦(gua)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)多(duo)。由(you)爻言(yan)(yan)。則(ze)(ze)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)剛(gang)在(zai)(zai)內。柔(rou)在(zai)(zai)外由(you)卦(gua)言(yan)(yan)。則(ze)(ze)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)在(zai)(zai)外。陰(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)在(zai)(zai)內。前已(yi)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。噬(shi)嗑(ke)輿(yu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)恰(qia)相反。故(gu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)殊(shu)。推而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與困(kun)(kun)(kun)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)相對卦(gua)。以艮對兌。坎(kan)對離也(ye)。亦(yi)(yi)(yi)與節為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)錯對。以上(shang)下相錯成(cheng)對也(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)變也(ye)。則(ze)(ze)與旅相似(si)。旅亦(yi)(yi)(yi)艮離合成(cheng)。與賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)恰(qia)易(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)上(shang)下耳。而(er)(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)類。則(ze)(ze)凡三(san)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)三(san)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)雜錯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卦(gua)。皆(jie)可(ke)比擬。唯視其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爻位陰(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。而(er)(er)(er)別其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)。如恒(heng)咸損益既未濟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類。雖交錯各殊(shu)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)三(san)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)則(ze)(ze)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。三(san)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)三(san)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)合卦(gua)。除泰否外。皆(jie)交錯皆(jie)與賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)噬(shi)嗑(ke)相類。莫非由(you)一(yi)(yi)男一(yi)(yi)女交合而(er)(er)(er)成(cheng)。或(huo)當或(huo)不(bu)(bu)當。或(huo)得(de)時(shi)或(huo)不(bu)(bu)得(de)時(shi)。用(yong)(yong)雖不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)兩合之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)(qing)(qing)則(ze)(ze)均(jun)切。以陰(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)交戀。剛(gang)柔(rou)互需。而(er)(er)(er)后(hou)成(cheng)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)也(ye)。此(ci)六子(zi)交錯而(er)(er)(er)得(de)平均(jun)者(zhe)。也(ye)若純為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)或(huo)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。如鼎大過(guo)(guo)屯小(xiao)過(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬則(ze)(ze)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)偏(pian)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)偏(pian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。過(guo)(guo)剛(gang)過(guo)(guo)柔(rou)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體已(yi)殊(shu)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)自(zi)異。讀易(yi)者(zhe)于(yu)(yu)此(ci)宜(yi)先審焉。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與噬(shi)嗑(ke)諸卦(gua)因(yin)(yin)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平勻。剛(gang)柔(rou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)互合。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性多(duo)和平。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)情(qing)(qing)(qing)易(yi)浹(jia)洽。故(gu)在(zai)(zai)各卦(gua)中(zhong)(zhong)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)平易(yi)豈第之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)。醇厚靜穆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道。所(suo)(suo)(suo)化(hua)所(suo)(suo)(suo)施。有(you)類于(yu)(yu)時(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)春(chun)秋。地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原(yuan)野。無(wu)過(guo)(guo)寒劇熱。卑濕高亢(kang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)虞。則(ze)(ze)居其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)適(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)者(zhe)。無(wu)甚苦極樂至(zhi)(zhi)艱過(guo)(guo)窘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)(qing)(qing)。此(ci)用(yong)(yong)卦(gua)者(zhe)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)當知也(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)與噬(shi)嗑(ke)尤足以概(gai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。蓋二(er)卦(gua)所(suo)(suo)(suo)差祗(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)爻一(yi)(yi)爻。而(er)(er)(er)中(zhong)(zhong)爻居卦(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)。兩端既同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。接(jie)洽至(zhi)(zhi)便(bian)。故(gu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)志(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)和協。用(yong)(yong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)調適(shi)。內外無(wu)忤。上(shang)下非逆。剛(gang)柔(rou)不(bu)(bu)相瀆。而(er)(er)(er)情(qing)(qing)(qing)息不(bu)(bu)相妬。此(ci)在(zai)(zai)二(er)卦(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)。皆(jie)有(you)亨(heng)利(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)占也(ye)。夫(fu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)以一(yi)(yi)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)居內。而(er)(er)(er)明其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)充(chong)實。較(jiao)噬(shi)嗑(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內虛(xu)者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。虛(xu)者(zhe)好(hao)求(qiu)。實者(zhe)好(hao)與。情(qing)(qing)(qing)所(suo)(suo)(suo)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)也(ye)。此(ci)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)志(zhi)在(zai)(zai)外。異乎(hu)噬(shi)嗑(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)求(qiu)食(shi)而(er)(er)(er)冀合也(ye)。志(zhi)外者(zhe)德(de)(de)宜(yi)弘。道宜(yi)大。而(er)(er)(er)令聞廣(guang)譽亦(yi)(yi)(yi)隨(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)(zhi)。是(shi)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)觀。以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)美(mei)示(shi)人也(ye)。然務外者(zhe)易(yi)窮。馳遠(yuan)者(zhe)恒(heng)乏。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)與困(kun)(kun)(kun)對。亦(yi)(yi)(yi)因(yin)(yin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)極而(er)(er)(er)自(zi)困(kun)(kun)(kun)焉。此(ci)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以不(bu)(bu)克大用(yong)(yong)也(ye)。本(ben)乎(hu)觀。則(ze)(ze)道不(bu)(bu)常(chang)本(ben)乎(hu)困(kun)(kun)(kun)。則(ze)(ze)德(de)(de)有(you)限。是(shi)以圣人惡(e)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)外。而(er)(er)(er)畏名(ming)，知美(mei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)惡(e)。而(er)(er)(er)賤文飾。仍因(yin)(yin)卦(gua)象(xiang)以推其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)利(li)(li)害(hai)。而(er)(er)(er)擇其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)始終。故(gu)克竟(jing)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道。而(er)(er)(er)以化(hua)成(cheng)天下也(ye)。
困(kun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與節。相反(fan)相明。節則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)困(kun)。因(yin)自節抑(yi)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)免(mian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)困(kun)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)節則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)必困(kun)矣。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用亦(yi)然。能自節抑(yi)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)成賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用。若(ruo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)忘返其(qi)(qi)本。勢將(jiang)身(shen)(shen)(shen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)名累(lei)。質(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)敗(bai)。亦(yi)自困(kun)耳。故(gu)(gu)小(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)大(da)用。近者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)遠圖(tu)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)利(li)而(er)(er)(er)(er)務于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)外。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)志易(yi)(yi)盈。道(dao)(dao)(dao)易(yi)(yi)窮(qiong)。是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)戒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。因(yin)其(qi)(qi)易(yi)(yi)盈。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)使滿。因(yin)其(qi)(qi)易(yi)(yi)窮(qiong)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)使竭(jie)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)滿則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)能容。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)竭(jie)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)能施。此(ci)(ci)持實(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)虛(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)能以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)利(li)利(li)大(da)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)害(hai)(hai)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)近利(li)利(li)遠而(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)患(huan)。此(ci)(ci)成賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用。存乎人(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)爻為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用故(gu)(gu)耳。人(ren)(ren)(ren)爻關乎人(ren)(ren)(ren)事。而(er)(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)道(dao)(dao)(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)。圣(sheng)(sheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)盈。故(gu)(gu)無(wu)(wu)竭(jie)時(shi)(shi)。圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)實(shi)。故(gu)(gu)無(wu)(wu)虛(xu)時(shi)(shi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)名。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)害(hai)(hai)其(qi)(qi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)失其(qi)(qi)質(zhi)。唯(wei)誠身(shen)(shen)(shen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)令名。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)求(qiu)名而(er)(er)(er)(er)自至(zhi)。修質(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)美文(wen)(wen)(wen)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)求(qiu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)自華(hua)。此(ci)(ci)體(ti)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)柔來文(wen)(wen)(wen)剛(gang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義。而(er)(er)(er)(er)能以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)柔保剛(gang)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)陰裕(yu)陽者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)含義至(zhi)矣哉。眾(zhong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)解(jie)此(ci)(ci)義。謂賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)飾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)顧其(qi)(qi)質(zhi)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)亨利(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)保其(qi)(qi)貞。遂使柔莫(mo)勝(sheng)剛(gang)。陰莫(mo)拹陽。浮夸自娛。而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)矜于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)細(xi)行。聲華(hua)自喜(xi)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)達于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)誠身(shen)(shen)(shen)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)名大(da)而(er)(er)(er)(er)身(shen)(shen)(shen)益(yi)(yi)高(gao)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)加(jia)而(er)(er)(er)(er)德益(yi)(yi)遠。是反(fan)末(mo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)本。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)誤大(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)敝(bi)必致身(shen)(shen)(shen)隨名敗(bai)。物(wu)隨文(wen)(wen)(wen)盡。道(dao)(dao)(dao)德既(ji)失。亨利(li)奚(xi)從。此(ci)(ci)后(hou)(hou)世文(wen)(wen)(wen)敝(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)(hai)。未始(shi)非(fei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)失也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)質(zhi)均也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)質(zhi)先于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。身(shen)(shen)(shen)名同也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)名輕于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)身(shen)(shen)(shen)。此(ci)(ci)智者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)知也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。茍(gou)右文(wen)(wen)(wen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)質(zhi)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)文(wen)(wen)(wen)安傅。貴名而(er)(er)(er)(er)輕身(shen)(shen)(shen)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)名安存。名首實(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賓也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)質(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)華(hua)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。賓以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)主稱(cheng)。無(wu)(wu)主何(he)賓。華(hua)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)根著。無(wu)(wu)根何(he)華(hua)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中有(you)物(wu)。即誠也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行有(you)本。即貞也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。誠至(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)文(wen)(wen)(wen)見。貞固(gu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)亨利(li)。此(ci)(ci)天(tian)(tian)(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。明乎此(ci)(ci)義。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)知圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)傳(chuan)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)無(wu)(wu)色者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。其(qi)(qi)旨至(zhi)深矣。夫賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)繼(ji)噬嗑而(er)(er)(er)(er)成其(qi)(qi)用。時(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)。故(gu)(gu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)著。今因(yin)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)受(shou)其(qi)(qi)害(hai)(hai)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。剝(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)文(wen)(wen)(wen)敝(bi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)物(wu)傷(shang)矣。時(shi)(shi)當賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)。其(qi)(qi)害(hai)(hai)尚不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)免(mian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)當賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)而(er)(er)(er)(er)求(qiu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)焉(yan)。其(qi)(qi)害(hai)(hai)可(ke)(ke)勝(sheng)言哉。作易(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)因(yin)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多害(hai)(hai)。特以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)繼(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)示(shi)警。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)情(qing)所(suo)(suo)好。情(qing)易(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)惡故(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)欲(yu)其(qi)(qi)無(wu)(wu)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)當賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)極(ji)其(qi)(qi)欲(yu)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)成用。而(er)(er)(er)(er)可(ke)(ke)免(mian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)矣。然此(ci)(ci)人(ren)(ren)(ren)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圣(sheng)(sheng)智審之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。愚蒙惑焉(yan)。是天(tian)(tian)(tian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)改。而(er)(er)(er)(er)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)難免(mian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)世運也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)亦(yi)將(jiang)奈何(he)。故(gu)(gu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)言。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)猶(you)易(yi)(yi)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)下言則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)綦難。難不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在天(tian)(tian)(tian)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)在人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)慎(shen)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)慎(shen)。乃(nai)當道(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過。非(fei)斯民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)咎。古人(ren)(ren)(ren)因(yin)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)化成天(tian)(tian)(tian)下。其(qi)(qi)敝(bi)猶(you)至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)無(wu)(wu)德教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化。而(er)(er)(er)(er)徒為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)飾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)觀(guan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。其(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)底又將(jiang)奚(xi)如。夫因(yin)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知困(kun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。上也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。由賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)免(mian)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。次也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知困(kun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)前。徒聽其(qi)(qi)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)后(hou)(hou)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)且無(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)教化于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)(shi)。留觀(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)后(hou)(hou)世。及其(qi)(qi)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)歸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)。是最下者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)矣。故(gu)(gu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)輕為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)成。猶(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)免(mian)其(qi)(qi)害(hai)(hai)。此(ci)(ci)圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)慎(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)慎(shen)。愚者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)忽情(qing)性之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異。本末(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殊也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)曰(yue)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用存乎人(ren)(ren)(ren)。
賁為文飾(shi)(shi)。言物富而后(hou)文。人富而后(hou)飾(shi)(shi)。故(gu)在噬嗑之(zhi)后(hou)。即(ji)衣食足(zu)禮義興之(zhi)意。先有(you)食。而后(hou)可使(shi)行禮。先得生。而后(hou)使(shi)可使(shi)守秩。此(ci)治平之(zhi)大則也。
賁(bi)之(zhi)利害。決于人(ren)之(zhi)明。此由噬嗑上(shang)爻辭義。可以知之(zhi)。噬嗑上(shang)九。即將變(bian)為。而辭以何校(xiao)滅耳(er)聰(cong)不明也(ye)為釋。可見用賁(bi)之(zhi)易昏(hun)惑(huo)也(ye)。人(ren)之(zhi)忘身(shen)徇名。棄質求文者。眾矣。茍非不明。奚至(zhi)如此。此夫子極言其害。
賁：亨小利有攸往
此(ci)賁(bi)彖(tuan)辭。言(yan)全(quan)卦大(da)用也(ye)。賁(bi)以(yi)(yi)艮秉乾(qian)德。離(li)(li)代坤(kun)用。乃(nai)備(bei)乾(qian)坤(kun)之(zhi)(zhi)德。而(er)(er)得其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亨(heng)(heng)(heng)利(li)(li)(li)。亨(heng)(heng)(heng)屬乾(qian)。利(li)(li)(li)屬坤(kun)。艮陽在(zai)上。賁(bi)志(zhi)在(zai)外。故(gu)亨(heng)(heng)(heng)大(da)而(er)(er)利(li)(li)(li)小(xiao)(xiao)。以(yi)(yi)離(li)(li)在(zai)下(xia)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)象若(ruo)(ruo)火。非日月(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)明。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用在(zai)下(xia)。非普(pu)天之(zhi)(zhi)照。故(gu)曰小(xiao)(xiao)利(li)(li)(li)。且艮止也(ye)。離(li)(li)麗(li)也(ye)。麗(li)而(er)(er)止。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德不(bu)(bu)遠(yuan)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)道不(bu)(bu)高。則(ze)雖(sui)亨(heng)(heng)(heng)。而(er)(er)利(li)(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)大(da)也(ye)。麗(li)者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)能獨(du)行。止者(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)限也(ye)。賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)飾。亦依于物而(er)(er)成(cheng)(cheng)用。無物何飾。此(ci)小(xiao)(xiao)利(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)也(ye)。以(yi)(yi)文為(wei)美。而(er)(er)柔以(yi)(yi)加(jia)剛。是質之(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)勝也(ye)。利(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)先有(you)(you)(you)(you)貞。亨(heng)(heng)(heng)者(zhe)(zhe)先有(you)(you)(you)(you)元。貞之(zhi)(zhi)未固。利(li)(li)(li)用有(you)(you)(you)(you)窮。元之(zhi)(zhi)未光。亨(heng)(heng)(heng)德徒(tu)布。此(ci)亨(heng)(heng)(heng)而(er)(er)利(li)(li)(li)小(xiao)(xiao)。以(yi)(yi)見賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)可大(da)用也(ye)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)攸往三字。承利(li)(li)(li)字言(yan)。以(yi)(yi)所(suo)利(li)(li)(li)在(zai)于行耳。言(yan)利(li)(li)(li)皆志(zhi)在(zai)行。大(da)則(ze)大(da)行。小(xiao)(xiao)則(ze)小(xiao)(xiao)行。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)利(li)(li)(li)攸往本其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)志(zhi)也(ye)。亨(heng)(heng)(heng)小(xiao)(xiao)則(ze)所(suo)達者(zhe)(zhe)近。利(li)(li)(li)小(xiao)(xiao)則(ze)所(suo)成(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe)(zhe)細。則(ze)雖(sui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)攸往。亦名過(guo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)實。此(ci)文質不(bu)(bu)稱(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)咎(jiu)也(ye)。君子因之(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)知(zhi)所(suo)止焉(yan)。知(zhi)止則(ze)不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)為(wei)恥(chi)。而(er)(er)能安居無害。不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)近為(wei)懟。而(er)(er)能返躬以(yi)(yi)誠。此(ci)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)用。存乎其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人。而(er)(er)用易者(zhe)(zhe)。當先察其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)道之(zhi)(zhi)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)。德之(zhi)(zhi)遠(yuan)近。以(yi)(yi)定其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)行若(ruo)(ruo)止也(ye)。
彖曰：賁(bi)亨(heng)。柔來而(er)文剛。故亨(heng)。分剛上而(er)文柔。故小(xiao)利有攸往。天(tian)(tian)文也。天(tian)(tian)明以(yi)止。人文也。觀(guan)乎天(tian)(tian)文以(yi)察時(shi)變。觀(guan)乎人文以(yi)化成天(tian)(tian)下。
此(ci)釋彖(tuan)辭(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)(yi)。而(er)(er)(er)推賁(bi)卦(gua)(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)。及人(ren)(ren)(ren)事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)尚也(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)艮(gen)(gen)離合(he)(he)(he)。一(yi)剛(gang)一(yi)柔(rou)。相交(jiao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。九三剛(gang)爻在中(zhong)。與初上(shang)(shang)相應。若(ruo)物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)干。二四五(wu)爻皆柔(rou)。雜處陽(yang)爻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間。若(ruo)物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)華。故(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)柔(rou)來文(wen)(wen)(wen)剛(gang)。柔(rou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)外。其(qi)(qi)(qi)行(xing)也(ye)(ye)順。剛(gang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)內。其(qi)(qi)(qi)立也(ye)(ye)固。是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)亨達而(er)(er)(er)無阻(zu)。上(shang)(shang)男(nan)下(xia)(xia)女。志(zhi)相求(qiu)。情(qing)相應。皆亨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)也(ye)(ye)。上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)既分(fen)(fen)。柔(rou)多在外。以(yi)(yi)(yi)爻為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三陰三陽(yang)平均。而(er)(er)(er)卦(gua)(gua)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)男(nan)一(yi)女配合(he)(he)(he)。故(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)分(fen)(fen)言(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)陰陽(yang)分(fen)(fen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)。艮(gen)(gen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)陽(yang)卦(gua)(gua)。故(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)剛(gang)上(shang)(shang)。爻多陰。故(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)柔(rou)。且以(yi)(yi)(yi)離大于(yu)男(nan)。陽(yang)德(de)主升。以(yi)(yi)(yi)交(jiao)于(yu)上(shang)(shang)。交(jiao)則(ze)(ze)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。分(fen)(fen)則(ze)(ze)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)(ming)(ming)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)。則(ze)(ze)所(suo)(suo)(suo)行(xing)有合(he)(he)(he)。故(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)小利攸往。剛(gang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)柔(rou)行(xing)。明(ming)(ming)(ming)以(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)止(zhi)(zhi)。行(xing)而(er)(er)(er)止(zhi)(zhi)。此(ci)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小利。而(er)(er)(er)非大成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)(ye)。然艮(gen)(gen)一(yi)陽(yang)居(ju)上(shang)(shang)。如(ru)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日星(xing)觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬也(ye)(ye)。二艮(gen)(gen)交(jiao)錯(cuo)。則(ze)(ze)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)觀卦(gua)(gua)。故(gu)(gu)艮(gen)(gen)亦有觀象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。而(er)(er)(er)稱天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。言(yan)如(ru)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)有日星(xing)。發為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)光輝。照及虞霞(xia)。蔚成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)采。是(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)昭(zhao)垂于(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。而(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)啟(qi)發于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。而(er)(er)(er)物見(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)以(yi)(yi)(yi)止(zhi)(zhi)。乃(nai)(nai)艮(gen)(gen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大用(yong)。觀天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)察變(bian)乃(nai)(nai)。離之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大用(yong)。合(he)(he)(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)。乃(nai)(nai)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大用(yong)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)可觀者(zhe)。艮(gen)(gen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)陽(yang)垂象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)代乾(qian)也(ye)(ye)。觀天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)時之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變(bian)。應天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)者(zhe)。離之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)陰承乾(qian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)代坤也(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)道因(yin)斯二者(zhe)而(er)(er)(er)取法焉。則(ze)(ze)人(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)。而(er)(er)(er)化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)。此(ci)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)亨小利有攸往也(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)可謂大矣。而(er)(er)(er)遇艮(gen)(gen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)(zhi)。乃(nai)(nai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小利艮(gen)(gen)陽(yang)可謂高矣。而(er)(er)(er)因(yin)離之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)麗。乃(nai)(nai)俯就下(xia)(xia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)其(qi)(qi)(qi)小利。此(ci)二卦(gua)(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合(he)(he)(he)。而(er)(er)(er)見(jian)小利之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)占(zhan)焉。小利之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吉。則(ze)(ze)依乎人(ren)(ren)(ren)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)順應天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)道。不(bu)貪文(wen)(wen)(wen)飾。因(yin)時變(bian)通。以(yi)(yi)(yi)保其(qi)(qi)(qi)質。則(ze)(ze)小利且大吉。若(ruo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)美而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)保其(qi)(qi)(qi)本。務其(qi)(qi)(qi)外而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)知其(qi)(qi)(qi)小。則(ze)(ze)小利反為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大害。此(ci)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)鑒于(yu)賁(bi)而(er)(er)(er)自警也(ye)(ye)。柔(rou)來文(wen)(wen)(wen)剛(gang)一(yi)語(yu)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全卦(gua)(gua)最要之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)(yi)。讀者(zhe)求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)繹(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)辭(ci)。始知此(ci)節所(suo)(suo)(suo)釋。無非為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)義(yi)(yi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)發也(ye)(ye)。
賁(bi)(bi)卦(gua)彖辭。原(yuan)有脫畧。但意(yi)義猶存(cun)。未加添改。所謂脫畧者。即天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)句。因卦(gua)象(xiang)艮(gen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。重(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)觀原(yuan)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)艮(gen)參合(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)。觀乃(nai)日月(yue)當空照(zhao)見(jian)萬(wan)(wan)物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)。而(er)(er)云霞絢其采。星辰(chen)著其光(guang)。此(ci)(ci)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所見(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)則(ze)(ze)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)曰天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)離(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)火。以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)照(zhao)于山。合(he)成(cheng)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)以(yi)(yi)(yi)止之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)。此(ci)(ci)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所見(jian)。故(gu)曰人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異(yi)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)別(bie)。由(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)而(er)(er)垂光(guang)于下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)萬(wan)(wan)物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光(guang)。則(ze)(ze)屬(shu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)。由(you)(you)(you)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)而(er)(er)仰照(zhao)于上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)應(ying)日星之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輝。則(ze)(ze)屬(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)。即由(you)(you)(you)艮(gen)離(li)分。而(er)(er)艮(gen)離(li)非獨(du)釋(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。艮(gen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)俯離(li)。謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)燭陰。則(ze)(ze)成(cheng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)照(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)。離(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)仰艮(gen)。謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柔文(wen)(wen)剛。則(ze)(ze)成(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)達(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)。此(ci)(ci)義本賁(bi)(bi)所固有。而(er)(er)其用(yong)(yong)則(ze)(ze)有同(tong)于觀。故(gu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)有二觀字。明(ming)其下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)燭上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)達(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)。而(er)(er)見(jian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)。相須成(cheng)化(hua)于天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)效(xiao)。此(ci)(ci)彖辭分別(bie)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)二句。以(yi)(yi)(yi)釋(shi)賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)微(wei)旨(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。且(qie)卦(gua)爻(yao)三四為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)爻(yao)。五上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)為(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)爻(yao)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)為(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)為(wei)(wei)地(di)。而(er)(er)物屬(shu)焉。賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)三六四。組(zu)成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)九(jiu)六五。組(zu)成(cheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)。皆一陰一陽(yang)(yang)(yang)相交之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)。由(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。陽(yang)(yang)(yang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)爻(yao)。故(gu)成(cheng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)照(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)。由(you)(you)(you)中言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。陽(yang)(yang)(yang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)爻(yao)。故(gu)成(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)照(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)。陽(yang)(yang)(yang)者光(guang)明(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本。此(ci)(ci)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)恰成(cheng)對照(zhao)。而(er)(er)合(he)為(wei)(wei)萬(wan)(wan)物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光(guang)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)。亦天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)同(tong)德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所著也(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)法天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)立則(ze)(ze)。物因人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)道。此(ci)(ci)亨利之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)由(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)而(er)(er)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。而(er)(er)不(bu)可進于大者。則(ze)(ze)艮(gen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一陽(yang)(yang)(yang)窮矣。窮則(ze)(ze)變(bian)(bian)。變(bian)(bian)則(ze)(ze)通。由(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)變(bian)(bian)而(er)(er)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。由(you)(you)(you)升變(bian)(bian)而(er)(er)降。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)可窮。且(qie)未至于窮。則(ze)(ze)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)達(da)竟(jing)行(xing)其志。斯為(wei)(wei)當也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)利有攸往人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)因天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)其常。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)得人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)御其變(bian)(bian)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)變(bian)(bian)不(bu)害。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)道以(yi)(yi)(yi)明(ming)。此(ci)(ci)時變(bian)(bian)屬(shu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。而(er)(er)化(hua)成(cheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間。唯圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)能知之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。此(ci)(ci)賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大用(yong)(yong)存(cun)乎人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。有(you)如(ru)(ru)波(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)回旋。云(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蓊蔥。由(you)氣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)薰蒸。物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交錯。以(yi)成(cheng)以(yi)著(zhu)。故(gu)(gu)六爻上下陰(yin)(yin)陽(yang)交互相對。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)陰(yin)(yin)在(zai)陽(yang)中。陽(yang)包陰(yin)(yin)外(wai)。陽(yang)者(zhe)(zhe)象(xiang)天(tian)。陰(yin)(yin)者(zhe)(zhe)象(xiang)地(di)。地(di)在(zai)天(tian)中。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)附焉(yan)。此(ci)九(jiu)三一爻。為(wei)全卦最要位。陽(yang)不(bu)(bu)離(li)陰(yin)(yin)。陰(yin)(yin)反包陽(yang)。以(yi)九(jiu)三上下皆(jie)陰(yin)(yin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。陰(yin)(yin)在(zai)陽(yang)外(wai)。如(ru)(ru)燈(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)燭物(wu)。如(ru)(ru)日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陵空。四圍成(cheng)色。上下同(tong)光。此(ci)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)發(fa)(fa)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)內也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。發(fa)(fa)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)內。見(jian)諸外(wai)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)所(suo)阻(zu)。阻(zu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)成(cheng)返光。如(ru)(ru)日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)西。反照(zhao)為(wei)霞。如(ru)(ru)火之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)炎。遇物(wu)為(wei)明(ming)(ming)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)由(you)內之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光明(ming)(ming)。以(yi)成(cheng)外(wai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美麗。內外(wai)相印。上下合照(zhao)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)見(jian)矣(yi)。此(ci)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)象(xiang)。有(you)斜日孤燈(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。日斜則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)易(yi)(yi)暗。孤燈(deng)不(bu)(bu)久明(ming)(ming)。皆(jie)近且細(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。近則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)毋遠(yuan)。遠(yuan)必有(you)蔽。細(xi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)毋大。大必有(you)捐。此(ci)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。能小(xiao)(xiao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)可大。宜(yi)下而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)可高(gao)。斯理數之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)然。非(fei)(fei)盡關乎(hu)(hu)(hu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)事(shi)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)事(shi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)在(zai)善用(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)。蓋天(tian)道(dao)易(yi)(yi)變。時日無恒。夏則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)冬(dong)。日則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)夜(ye)。明(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)暗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機。塞者(zhe)(zhe)通之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)繼(ji)。此(ci)賁(bi)為(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)飾。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)足以(yi)稱(cheng)其(qi)(qi)名。虛實之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相徒也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。行止(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相倚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。為(wei)其(qi)(qi)大者(zhe)(zhe)害其(qi)(qi)小(xiao)(xiao)。志其(qi)(qi)小(xiao)(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)獲其(qi)(qi)大。務高(gao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)傾。好盈(ying)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)闕(que)。傾闕(que)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)來。有(you)所(suo)由(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。反而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。卑(bei)以(yi)成(cheng)其(qi)(qi)高(gao)。虛以(yi)保其(qi)(qi)盈(ying)。盈(ying)高(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)致。實人(ren)(ren)(ren)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。彖辭曰。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)以(yi)止(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。旨(zhi)哉言乎(hu)(hu)(hu)。非(fei)(fei)徒釋卦象(xiang)已(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)貴知(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)。豈非(fei)(fei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)。時變不(bu)(bu)居。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)能循環。此(ci)唯天(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變。履(lv)天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恒。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)無止(zhi)境(jing)。其(qi)(qi)害可勝言哉。夫春與(yu)夏。天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)秋冬(dong)續焉(yan)。溫(wen)與(yu)煖。地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)寒涼待焉(yan)。此(ci)人(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)易(yi)(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)獨(du)(du)昧(mei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)一已(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛衰。一時之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隆(long)替者(zhe)(zhe)。豈非(fei)(fei)知(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)大而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)小(xiao)(xiao)。見(jian)其(qi)(qi)遠(yuan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)見(jian)其(qi)(qi)近乎(hu)(hu)(hu)。此(ci)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后乃為(wei)剝(bo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。貪于(yu)(yu)(yu)物(wu)質(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)享受。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)忽于(yu)(yu)(yu)金錢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪。戀于(yu)(yu)(yu)華美之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)觀瞻。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)忘于(yu)(yu)(yu)嗜欲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)毒。欲其(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)剝(bo)。不(bu)(bu)可得(de)矣(yi)。故(gu)(gu)賁(bi)者(zhe)(zhe)天(tian)道(dao)。剝(bo)亦天(tian)道(dao)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)賁(bi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)免于(yu)(yu)(yu)剝(bo)。端賴人(ren)(ren)(ren)道(dao)。知(zhi)(zhi)恒而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)變。知(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)退。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)人(ren)(ren)(ren)道(dao)敗矣(yi)。安望其(qi)(qi)能久亨乎(hu)(hu)(hu)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)以(yi)止(zhi)。正(zheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)軌。知(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后有(you)定(ding)。天(tian)下化成(cheng)。皆(jie)定(ding)于(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)。此(ci)圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大有(you)同(tong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。豈獨(du)(du)噬嗑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得(de)食與(yu)多金已(yi)哉。故(gu)(gu)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)小(xiao)(xiao)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)用(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可大。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)視人(ren)(ren)(ren)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)至耳(er)。
賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)飾(shi)。非好為(wei)美觀(guan)(guan)。如春(chun)至(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)草(cao)木(mu)榮華(hua)。天(tian)無(wu)(wu)(wu)為(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)為(wei)則(ze)(ze)秋(qiu)凋(diao)(diao)不(bu)(bu)足為(wei)害。若有(you)(you)意為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)榮固(gu)可喜。其(qi)(qi)凋(diao)(diao)寧能禁其(qi)(qi)悲乎。故賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)。重(zhong)在觀(guan)(guan)時(shi)(shi)。變(bian)時(shi)(shi)。變(bian)而(er)(er)(er)榮。與(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)俱榮。時(shi)(shi)變(bian)而(er)(er)(er)瘁(cui)。與(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)俱瘁(cui)。則(ze)(ze)榮瘁(cui)于(yu)(yu)飾(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)傷(shang)。于(yu)(yu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)害。雖剝(bo)(bo)(bo)亦(yi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)所憂。飾(shi)極則(ze)(ze)亨盡(jin)。亨盡(jin)則(ze)(ze)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)。亨猶夏(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。剝(bo)(bo)(bo)則(ze)(ze)秋(qiu)冬。草(cao)木(mu)凋(diao)(diao)零。繁(fan)華(hua)俱歇。天(tian)道(dao)未(wei)嘗(chang)改(gai)易(yi)。人(ren)(ren)物則(ze)(ze)已(yi)殊觀(guan)(guan)。是(shi)(shi)觀(guan)(guan)乎天(tian)文(wen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)察時(shi)(shi)變(bian)。為(wei)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所尚(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)生于(yu)(yu)天(tian)。因(yin)于(yu)(yu)時(shi)(shi)。當(dang)其(qi)(qi)榮也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。自能兼善天(tian)下(xia)。當(dang)其(qi)(qi)瘁(cui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。則(ze)(ze)當(dang)遵養時(shi)(shi)晦。此人(ren)(ren)文(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)明晦。大(da)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)隆污(wu)。而(er)(er)(er)圣人(ren)(ren)志(zhi)在濟(ji)時(shi)(shi)。行(xing)在明道(dao)。濟(ji)時(shi)(shi)者。因(yin)其(qi)(qi)治(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)圖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。易(yi)當(dang)其(qi)(qi)亂而(er)(er)(er)救之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。難(nan)明道(dao)者。因(yin)其(qi)(qi)盛而(er)(er)(er)充之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。易(yi)當(dang)其(qi)(qi)衰而(er)(er)(er)振之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)難(nan)。君子為(wei)其(qi)(qi)易(yi)。不(bu)(bu)為(wei)其(qi)(qi)難(nan)。知(zhi)時(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)易(yi)變(bian)。則(ze)(ze)先為(wei)政(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。知(zhi)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)衰。則(ze)(ze)預修(xiu)教(jiao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)防之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。是(shi)(shi)觀(guan)(guan)天(tian)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)文(wen)。觀(guan)(guan)人(ren)(ren)文(wen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)化成天(tian)下(xia)。實圣人(ren)(ren)因(yin)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)竟其(qi)(qi)用(yong)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)其(qi)(qi)志(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)文(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化。存(cun)乎政(zheng)教(jiao)。政(zheng)教(jiao)有(you)(you)常。則(ze)(ze)天(tian)下(xia)永定。此本文(wen)明以(yi)(yi)(yi)止之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義。而(er)(er)(er)能推其(qi)(qi)止定之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)效也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大(da)學(xue)一書。全關此旨。惜世人(ren)(ren)未(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)察也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。政(zheng)教(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)。世運(yun)乃亨。政(zheng)教(jiao)茍塞。世運(yun)斯否(fou)。賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志(zhi)。將以(yi)(yi)(yi)成泰也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)所至(zhi)。或同天(tian)道(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)歸于(yu)(yu)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)。剝(bo)(bo)(bo)則(ze)(ze)否(fou)矣(yi)。剝(bo)(bo)(bo)為(wei)陽(yang)將盡(jin)。否(fou)為(wei)陽(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)浮。皆(jie)不(bu)(bu)得交錯(cuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象。唯賁(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)陽(yang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)陰交。且平均(jun)有(you)(you)進于(yu)(yu)泰與(yu)(yu)(yu)既(ji)濟(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象。此圣人(ren)(ren)珍惜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。雖未(wei)能大(da)利(li)。而(er)(er)(er)由(you)小以(yi)(yi)(yi)達(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。則(ze)(ze)人(ren)(ren)文(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化成天(tian)下(xia)。固(gu)賁(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本用(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故賁(bi)(bi)(bi)為(wei)利(li)有(you)(you)攸(you)往。而(er)(er)(er)剝(bo)(bo)(bo)則(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)利(li)有(you)(you)攸(you)往。一行(xing)一藏。一通一塞。讀者對(dui)勘(kan)。即可知(zhi)易(yi)辭垂教(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深遠矣(yi)。
賁為文飾。柔來文剛。為天地至道。人物至德。古人法則天地。調協陰陽。而以賁為象。如老子道德經所說。無非此(ci)義(yi)。內剛外柔。志方行圓。以(yi)天下之(zhi)(zhi)至柔。馳騁(cheng)天對之(zhi)(zhi)至剛。以(yi)物之(zhi)(zhi)陰。而濟(ji)物之(zhi)(zhi)陽。以(yi)人之(zhi)(zhi)圓。而制人之(zhi)(zhi)方。乃能保其身。遂其用。達其道。立其德。故(gu)不(bu)役于(yu)情。徇于(yu)欲。而無嗔怒之(zhi)(zhi)心。忿(fen)恚(hui)之(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。且莫(mo)我(wo)抗。人莫(mo)我(wo)仇為其柔至足(zu)以(yi)成(cheng)其剛也。文至足(zu)以(yi)歸于(yu)樸也。故(gu)老氏以(yi)嬰(ying)兒為喻。
嬰兒(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)一長。而(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)莫欺之(zhi)(zhi)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)一枝。而(er)(er)(er)人(ren)(ren)莫勝(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)。即能(neng)以柔用(yong)也。道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)敵者亦然。天地悠久。故日(ri)月常明。山川(chuan)(chuan)常在。為(wei)其(qi)(qi)以柔為(wei)外。而(er)(er)(er)長保其(qi)(qi)內也。故風云(yun)雖惡。不(bu)(bu)能(neng)損日(ri)月之(zhi)(zhi)一毫。龍虎雖雄。不(bu)(bu)能(neng)毀山川(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)一角。為(wei)以不(bu)(bu)爭而(er)(er)(er)能(neng)爭。不(bu)(bu)殺而(er)(er)(er)能(neng)殺。是(shi)其(qi)(qi)剛所(suo)在。即柔之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)見也。故柔道(dao)為(wei)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)至。無(wu)(wu)(wu)色為(wei)色之(zhi)(zhi)至。此賁之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)以為(wei)貴。而(er)(er)(er)終(zhong)成其(qi)(qi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)色也。無(wu)(wu)(wu)色之(zhi)(zhi)色。與fo法色空一相同義(yi)。人(ren)(ren)能(neng)深解(jie)金經四無(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)。既可直賁之(zhi)(zhi)大用(yong)矣。實徒為(wei)文(wen)飾者哉(zai)。
又曰。賁(bi)(bi)為吉卦。而(er)(er)(er)非大(da)利。宜小(xiao)用(yong)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)大(da)用(yong)。宜在下。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)居(ju)上。以(yi)(yi)(yi)陽在三爻。而(er)(er)(er)居(ju)六五下也。夫子占(zhan)得(de)此卦。知道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行。志之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)難達。始退(tui)而(er)(er)(er)講(jiang)學。刪定六經。廣(guang)傳弟(di)子。以(yi)(yi)(yi)教(jiao)濟世。代其(qi)施政治(zhi)平之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功。以(yi)(yi)(yi)學輔(fu)時(shi)。展其(qi)隱(yin)居(ju)求之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義。故(gu)儒教(jiao)萬古不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)滅。而(er)(er)(er)當時(shi)未見(jian)其(qi)治(zhi)功。且游夏(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)反獲代興(xing)。而(er)(er)(er)大(da)同之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世。終未得(de)建。此皆天數(shu)所定。而(er)(er)(er)藉賁(bi)(bi)卦以(yi)(yi)(yi)示其(qi)意者。賁(bi)(bi)辭(ci)亨。小(xiao)利有攸往。明(ming)言其(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)大(da)用(yong)也。既(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)陰當主(zhu)位。則不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足以(yi)(yi)(yi)建治(zhi)平之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功。陽伏(fu)下位。則不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足以(yi)(yi)(yi)達明(ming)德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)極。故(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)柔來文(wen)剛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義。而(er)(er)(er)推教(jiao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)代政之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)。主(zhu)客(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)異(yi)。君師乃(nai)分。此夫子有其(qi)德而(er)(er)(er)無其(qi)位。小(xiao)其(qi)治(zhi)功。而(er)(er)(er)大(da)其(qi)教(jiao)化者也。賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為賁(bi)(bi)也。于此足以(yi)(yi)(yi)見(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
象曰。山下有(you)火(huo)。賁。君子(zi)以(yi)明庶政。無敢折獄.
此(ci)(ci)賁(bi)全卦象辭。申(shen)釋彖辭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義。而(er)(er)明(ming)(ming)(ming)人(ren)文(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)也。賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)用(yong)。既為(wei)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)見(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)外(wai)。則(ze)文(wen)物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間。必有(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)表(biao)章(zhang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)美觀。而(er)(er)發揚其(qi)(qi)(qi)光華(hua)。此(ci)(ci)取(qu)(qu)于(yu)(yu)卦象。而(er)(er)施(shi)政(zheng)教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)本也。夫賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卦象。山(shan)(shan)(shan)下有(you)(you)火。火照于(yu)(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。則(ze)山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)物(wu)見(jian)(jian)焉(yan)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)藏。寶(bao)玉金石。山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)。草木花果(guo)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)居。鳥獸蟲豸(zhi)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)積。云煙泉流。山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)見(jian)(jian)。蒼(cang)黛成(cheng)畫(hua)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)聞。響籟成(cheng)音。為(wei)物(wu)既多。為(wei)文(wen)不(bu)一(yi)。而(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)火照之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。則(ze)觸目皆色。入望皆美。其(qi)(qi)(qi)象之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)具。正與(yu)艮離(li)相合(he)成(cheng)趣。因象而(er)(er)為(wei)用(yong)。則(ze)君子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)也。稱君子(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)德足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)格(ge)物(wu)。智足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)致知。明(ming)(ming)(ming)天(tian)(tian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)自然。立人(ren)道(dao)(dao)(dao)大本。非徒(tu)徇(xun)耳目之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娛。玩聲色之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)情(qing)役(yi)物(wu)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)心(xin)戀(lian)色者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也。故(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)庶(shu)政(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)修明(ming)(ming)(ming)。易嚴(yan)刑(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)苛毒(du)。庶(shu)政(zheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)禮(li)樂(le)政(zheng)教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)。君子(zi)有(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)德。有(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)位。因天(tian)(tian)文(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美好。知天(tian)(tian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仁(ren)慈。因天(tian)(tian)然之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)。知人(ren)道(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愛(ai)慕。觀賁(bi)而(er)(er)取(qu)(qu)法(fa)。因色而(er)(er)制(zhi)用(yong)。則(ze)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。實(shi)人(ren)道(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)成(cheng)也。人(ren)道(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。即庶(shu)政(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)明(ming)(ming)(ming)也。離(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)。而(er)(er)能光照一(yi)切。艮以(yi)(yi)(yi)靜止。而(er)(er)能節制(zhi)一(yi)切。此(ci)(ci)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)施(shi)于(yu)(yu)人(ren)。乃(nai)為(wei)禮(li)樂(le)政(zheng)教。而(er)(er)刑(xing)(xing)(xing)獄(yu)(yu)不(bu)及焉(yan)。何哉(zai)。刑(xing)(xing)(xing)獄(yu)(yu)威(wei)嚴(yan)。有(you)(you)傷天(tian)(tian)地和氣。而(er)(er)乖世(shi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)。故(gu)苛法(fa)乃(nai)暴政(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)施(shi)。峻刑(xing)(xing)(xing)實(shi)污世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)。人(ren)生(sheng)同(tong)性。孰不(bu)樂(le)生(sheng)。世(shi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)貴和。孰甘(gan)好殺(sha)。此(ci)(ci)棄刑(xing)(xing)(xing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)教。寬(kuan)獄(yu)(yu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)重禮(li)。不(bu)獨仁(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)。實(shi)亦(yi)天(tian)(tian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)所(suo)(suo)(suo)先也。天(tian)(tian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)著其(qi)(qi)(qi)溫和之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恩(en)。人(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)昭其(qi)(qi)(qi)敦(dun)厚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德。此(ci)(ci)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大用(yong)。恰與(yu)噬嗑相反者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也。
庶(shu)政或(huo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)非(fei)(fei)關大事。非(fei)(fei)也(ye)(ye)。古稱多(duo)數曰(yue)庶(shu)。即(ji)一切(qie)之(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及于(yu)人(ren)(ren)民(min)也(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)為(wei)象。則治平之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)。實(shi)關乎政。且(qie)有(you)教焉。故彖辭稱為(wei)化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)。既曰(yue)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)。則非(fei)(fei)小事可知。既曰(yue)化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)。則非(fei)(fei)徒言(yan)政令(ling)可知。蓋圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)因賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)。將使(shi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)皆享(xiang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)利。而(er)溫和(he)之(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)。敦厚之(zhi)(zhi)俗。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)著。亦猶天(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)昭垂也(ye)(ye)。天(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)關乎日。人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)建于(yu)政。政概(gai)君主(zhu)與(yu)政府言(yan)。在位主(zhu)政之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)。負其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)責也(ye)(ye)。稱君子(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)。明(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)德為(wei)先耳。君子(zi)在位。始能致(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)于(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)。為(wei)先有(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)誠(cheng)也(ye)(ye)。小人(ren)(ren)無誠(cheng)徒飾其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)外(wai)。是率天(tian)(tian)下(xia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)偽(wei)也(ye)(ye)。誠(cheng)則不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)令(ling)而(er)行(xing)。偽(wei)則令(ling)將不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)從(cong)。則以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)偽(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)。徒見其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)自擾(rao)耳。自擾(rao)者(zhe)(zhe)亂。亂則骫法。人(ren)(ren)民(min)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)法。安望其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)省刑去殺耶。此無敢(gan)折(zhe)獄(yu)。實(shi)唯(wei)君子(zi)能致(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體卦(gua)內離(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)一陽(yang)。中(zhong)(zhong)心光(guang)大。故能外(wai)耀其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德。遠成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)。德立化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)。人(ren)(ren)民(min)皆熙攘(rang)于(yu)禮教之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)。固已絕爭(zheng)訟。弭奸宄則無獄(yu)可折(zhe)。是不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)獨不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)。且(qie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)必(bi)矣(yi)。賁(bi)(bi)象以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)離(li)(li)明(ming)艮止。相(xiang)合為(wei)用(yong)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)止。動不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)踰軌。靜而(er)自明(ming)。此中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)。太平之(zhi)(zhi)世也(ye)(ye)。故囹圄可空。而(er)桎(zhi)梏不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)。斯為(wei)圣(sheng)治之(zhi)(zhi)至。然賁(bi)(bi)猶未(wei)能也(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)承噬嗑(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)。丁多(duo)獄(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)余。禮樂未(wei)敷。政教待普。人(ren)(ren)民(min)雖知向化(hua)。而(er)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)未(wei)盡同(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)。非(fei)(fei)如(ru)泰(tai)之(zhi)(zhi)時也(ye)(ye)。則在上(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)。導之(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)德。齊(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)禮。德明(ming)則民(min)敦厚。禮立則民(min)溫和(he)。而(er)后(hou)同(tong)(tong)(tong)化(hua)于(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)世。此君子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)志也(ye)(ye)。故賁(bi)(bi)與(yu)泰(tai)。三陰三陽(yang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。而(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)交錯不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。君子(zi)欲其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)歸(gui)于(yu)泰(tai)。乃由已之(zhi)(zhi)德。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)德。由巳之(zhi)(zhi)誠(cheng)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)達民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)誠(cheng)。庶(shu)能以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)己之(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)。化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)。所(suo)謂(wei)無敢(gan)折(zhe)獄(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)。正見其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)先道(dao)德而(er)后(hou)法律。重禮教而(er)輕刑罰之(zhi)(zhi)旨。此唐虞之(zhi)(zhi)治有(you)后(hou)世所(suo)及者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。
噬嗑(ke)利用(yong)(yong)獄(yu)(yu)。賁(bi)無敢(gan)(gan)折獄(yu)(yu)。二者(zhe)皆取法(fa)天時(shi)(shi)。噬嗑(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)。取秋殺(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義。秋時(shi)(shi)萬物(wu)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)。乃人(ren)民得食之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日。萬類凋殘。乃政(zheng)令肅殺(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)。賁(bi)則(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)然。一陽漸升。發為生(sheng)機(ji)。正如春(chun)日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和。春(chun)風之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化。萬物(wu)同榮。如人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衣華(hua)服(fu)而(er)(er)(er)佩寶玉。此(ci)(ci)以(yi)文飾為尚(shang)也(ye)。萬類并(bing)孳。如人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初長育而(er)(er)(er)樂無知。此(ci)(ci)以(yi)戒夭折為先也(ye)。賁(bi)者(zhe)臨也(ye)。春(chun)臨而(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)息之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德以(yi)明。帝臨而(er)(er)(er)恩澤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)施以(yi)沛。此(ci)(ci)政(zheng)令在滋息安養植長培高之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)務(wu)。對(dui)物(wu)猶當(dang)愛(ai)惜(xi)何況(kuang)于(yu)(yu)人(ren)。故禮(li)月令有制。王政(zheng)所準無非體天時(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數。廣天德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)。而(er)(er)(er)殘殺(sha)不(bu)(bu)(bu)行。夭札(zha)是(shi)避。此(ci)(ci)無敢(gan)(gan)折獄(yu)(yu)四(si)字。實圣(sheng)人(ren)觀(guan)時(shi)(shi)定教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)微意。既曰折獄(yu)(yu)。并(bing)非全廢刑罰。乃丁此(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi)日。不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)(gan)違天好生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心。干帝大生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)。帝即乾象(xiang)。因位而(er)(er)(er)稱。賁(bi)以(yi)艮近于(yu)(yu)乾。猶少子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)侍父。故不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)(gan)也(ye)。艮止而(er)(er)(er)能聽。命則(ze)雖具刑獄(yu)(yu)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)折。以(yi)示天下尚(shang)仁(ren)愛(ai)。崇(chong)教化而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)欲藉法(fa)齊民。依(yi)威成(cheng)(cheng)治(zhi)是(shi)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大用(yong)(yong)。純取則(ze)于(yu)(yu)春(chun)時(shi)(shi)。而(er)(er)(er)君(jun)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)令。自(zi)希同于(yu)(yu)履泰(tai)。履泰(tai)為上治(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世。而(er)(er)(er)尚(shang)德不(bu)(bu)(bu)貴刑。重禮(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)法(fa)。此(ci)(ci)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與噬嗑(ke)別也(ye)。
賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)象。取陽見(jian)于(yu)(yu)外。故有(you)光明(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱。取陽居于(yu)(yu)中。與(yu)陰交錯。故有(you)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱。由光明(ming)(ming)(ming)下照。而為(wei)天(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。由文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)外施。而為(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。天(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分。在(zai)一(yi)(yi)內一(yi)(yi)外。一(yi)(yi)上一(yi)(yi)下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用耳。非真有(you)天(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殊。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)天(tian)下。自以(yi)上觀天(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。為(wei)立(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本。如禮(li)樂(le)(le)政教(jiao)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。禮(li)樂(le)(le)政教(jiao)。雖屬人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。實法于(yu)(yu)天(tian)。天(tian)以(yi)日(ri)星(xing)云(yun)氣為(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。其(qi)(qi)有(you)度有(you)數(shu)。有(you)終(zhong)有(you)始。亦(yi)同人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度數(shu)終(zhong)始。即禮(li)樂(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)節。政教(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)規。無不(bu)發于(yu)(yu)性情。止乎(hu)道德。一(yi)(yi)發一(yi)(yi)止。以(yi)開(kai)世運昌(chang)期。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類幸福。此(ci)(ci)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可化成(cheng)天(tian)下也(ye)(ye)。而莫非圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功。是(shi)禮(li)樂(le)(le)政教(jiao)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)寄托。治平之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)表(biao)見(jian)也(ye)(ye)。觀其(qi)(qi)外。足以(yi)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)中之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)物。察其(qi)(qi)跡。足以(yi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)其(qi)(qi)神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)真。此(ci)(ci)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用必(bi)依乎(hu)誠(cheng)。誠(cheng)者(zhe)。道德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)具體。無誠(cheng)則禮(li)樂(le)(le)不(bu)興(xing)。政教(jiao)不(bu)立(li)。雖有(you)其(qi)(qi)外。亦(yi)奚以(yi)觀。此(ci)(ci)賁(bi)雖以(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)稱。而傳反(fan)謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無色。無色之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。以(yi)未嘗假(jia)于(yu)(yu)外物而為(wei)美。故永(yong)不(bu)喪(sang)其(qi)(qi)中守。旨哉此(ci)(ci)辭(ci)。惜(xi)釋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)多未能見(jian)其(qi)(qi)大也(ye)(ye)。
此節(jie)含義(yi)。正(zheng)與論語(yu)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)一章相證(zheng)。論語(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旨。即由此卦辭(ci)推衍者(zhe)。圣(sheng)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)重政(zheng)刑。正(zheng)為不(bu)(bu)肯徒(tu)事外飾(shi)。天下化成。在(zai)德(de)不(bu)(bu)在(zai)力。在(zai)心不(bu)(bu)在(zai)跡。圣(sheng)人(ren)內(nei)圣(sheng)外王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)。當于(yu)此義(yi)見之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
初(chu)九。賁(bi)其趾。舍(she)車而(er)徒
此(ci)賁(bi)(bi)初(chu)九爻(yao)辭。明初(chu)爻(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用也(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)初(chu)九亦(yi)同(tong)噬(shi)嗑(ke)初(chu)爻(yao)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)下皆(jie)稱(cheng)趾(zhi)。賁(bi)(bi)飾(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)趾(zhi)。明所(suo)(suo)始也(ye)。舍(she)車(che)(che)而(er)(er)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)。欲見(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)飾(shi)也(ye)。車(che)(che)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)載人。身(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寄(ji)也(ye)。趾(zhi)在(zai)(zai)車(che)(che)內(nei)。外莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)見(jian)(jian)也(ye)。故(gu)賁(bi)(bi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)趾(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)。寧舍(she)車(che)(che)而(er)(er)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)行也(ye)。夫有所(suo)(suo)見(jian)(jian)于(yu)外者(zhe)(zhe)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)復自蔽。有所(suo)(suo)冀于(yu)文(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)肯自藏。文(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)隱(yin)。隱(yin)者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)文(wen)。介(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)推(tui)曰身(shen)(shen)(shen)將隱(yin)。焉用文(wen)。賁(bi)(bi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)趾(zhi)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)。足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)文(wen)則(ze)勿(wu)(wu)乘(cheng)(cheng)車(che)(che)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)顯其(qi)(qi)(qi)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)。而(er)(er)舍(she)車(che)(che)耳。然(ran)車(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利于(yu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)多矣。今為(wei)(wei)(wei)求文(wen)。乃(nai)甘徒(tu)(tu)(tu)步(bu)(bu)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)志在(zai)(zai)文(wen)可知。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)志于(yu)文(wen)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)恤勞(lao)(lao)(lao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)。且累及其(qi)(qi)(qi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)。是偏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害也(ye)。與(yu)噬(shi)嗑(ke)初(chu)九相(xiang)類。為(wei)(wei)(wei)小而(er)(er)失(shi)大。似非(fei)(fei)義(yi)也(ye)。而(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)一陽在(zai)(zai)下。欣然(ran)欲動。其(qi)(qi)(qi)志求升。初(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)計其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)。寧徒(tu)(tu)(tu)勿(wu)(wu)車(che)(che)。亦(yi)數(shu)所(suo)(suo)至。是其(qi)(qi)(qi)舍(she)車(che)(che)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)求速(su)而(er)(er)行其(qi)(qi)(qi)志。求見(jian)(jian)而(er)(er)快其(qi)(qi)(qi)意。雖若非(fei)(fei)義(yi)。實乃(nai)乘(cheng)(cheng)時。不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)大病(bing)也(ye)。說(shuo)者(zhe)(zhe)謂(wei)舍(she)車(che)(che)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)車(che)(che)不(bu)(bu)(bu)備。不(bu)(bu)(bu)如徒(tu)(tu)(tu)步(bu)(bu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)。然(ran)既(ji)曰舍(she)。是有備矣。有而(er)(er)勿(wu)(wu)乘(cheng)(cheng)。是為(wei)(wei)(wei)成(cheng)賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)賁(bi)(bi)在(zai)(zai)趾(zhi)。而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)車(che)(che)。故(gu)寧徒(tu)(tu)(tu)步(bu)(bu)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)顯其(qi)(qi)(qi)趾(zhi)。或(huo)又以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)舍(she)車(che)(che)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)車(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)義(yi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)義(yi)故(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)乘(cheng)(cheng)。然(ran)既(ji)有車(che)(che)。自非(fei)(fei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)義(yi)。已所(suo)(suo)有者(zhe)(zhe)。何悖于(yu)義(yi)。而(er)(er)弗乘(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe)(zhe)是樂(le)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)步(bu)(bu)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)車(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)克成(cheng)其(qi)(qi)(qi)賁(bi)(bi)也(ye)。賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)。車(che)(che)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)文(wen)。則(ze)車(che)(che)與(yu)賁(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)稱(cheng)。此(ci)寧舍(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。然(ran)賁(bi)(bi)趾(zhi)。獨(du)(du)言舍(she)車(che)(che)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)及輿馬(ma)者(zhe)(zhe)。何哉(zai)。蓋(gai)在(zai)(zai)初(chu)九本有車(che)(che)象。離之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一陽。固類于(yu)車(che)(che)。而(er)(er)非(fei)(fei)輿馬(ma)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象。故(gu)獨(du)(du)言車(che)(che)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)賁(bi)(bi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)趾(zhi)而(er)(er)未(wei)及車(che)(che)。故(gu)寧棄逸就勞(lao)(lao)(lao)也(ye)。君子行則(ze)欲達其(qi)(qi)(qi)志。志達則(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)問其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)。初(chu)九志行。而(er)(er)用在(zai)(zai)賁(bi)(bi)。故(gu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)無(wu)逸。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)勖德。逸足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)害道。因賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志。在(zai)(zai)化成(cheng)天下。則(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)示眾。亦(yi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。況徒(tu)(tu)(tu)步(bu)(bu)與(yu)賁(bi)(bi)相(xiang)反相(xiang)成(cheng)。剛柔以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)濟。內(nei)外以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)和。示民以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本色(se)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)假外物(wu)。此(ci)爻(yao)辭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)微義(yi)也(ye)。
象曰：舍車(che)而徒。義弗乘也。
此(ci)(ci)申明(ming)爻(yao)辭之(zhi)義(yi)也(ye)(ye)。義(yi)弗乘(cheng)(cheng)句。初九志在賁(bi)趾。即以(yi)(yi)文(wen)昭于(yu)外也(ye)(ye)。文(wen)昭而(er)后賁(bi)用(yong)(yong)以(yi)(yi)見(jian)。此(ci)(ci)雖在下(xia)。亦有(you)所(suo)為(wei)。為(wei)賁(bi)而(er)弗乘(cheng)(cheng)。則其(qi)重在趾可(ke)知(zhi)。以(yi)(yi)趾有(you)文(wen)。足(zu)以(yi)(yi)徒行(xing)(xing)。不(bu)(bu)假代步(bu)。尤可(ke)見(jian)外觀者。中必(bi)充(chong)實也(ye)(ye)。初九為(wei)剛。重剛在內(nei)。發而(er)為(wei)文(wen)。如人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)蹻捷多力。固無需于(yu)車(che)乘(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)乘(cheng)(cheng)車(che)。多為(wei)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)徒行(xing)(xing)。或遠道(dao)不(bu)(bu)易達。或足(zu)痿(wei)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)步(bu)。而(er)后賴車(che)以(yi)(yi)行(xing)(xing)。若(ruo)非(fei)然者。則必(bi)上位。或富人(ren)(ren)老年。不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)趨蹌(qiang)為(wei)能(neng)。不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)勞苦廢事。而(er)初九在下(xia)。不(bu)(bu)類于(yu)是。一陽方長(chang)。如強健少年。起(qi)自草澤。則其(qi)徒步(bu)。正所(suo)宜也(ye)(ye)。且(qie)賁(bi)飾(shi)者。不(bu)(bu)必(bi)外物。健足(zu)能(neng)行(xing)(xing)。亦美(mei)也(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)剛為(wei)體(ti)。充(chong)而(er)用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)。則所(suo)觀豈獨一趾之(zhi)文(wen)飾(shi)哉(zai)。故曰義(yi)弗乘(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)(ye)。言(yan)乘(cheng)(cheng)車(che)反以(yi)(yi)。損其(qi)美(mei)觀耳。此(ci)(ci)爻(yao)含(han)義(yi)甚弘。大抵如上述而(er)最要者。賁(bi)雖為(wei)文(wen)飾(shi)。不(bu)(bu)貴(gui)外物。君子本其(qi)剛健之(zhi)德。發為(wei)光輝之(zhi)美(mei)而(er)已。實即充(chong)實而(er)有(you)光輝之(zhi)謂也(ye)(ye)。用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)者。能(neng)于(yu)是義(yi)明(ming)識推(tui)行(xing)(xing)。不(bu)(bu)悖易辭之(zhi)旨矣。
六二。賁其須
此(ci)(ci)賁六(liu)二(er)爻辭也(ye)。賁卦以(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)飾(shi)為(wei)用(yong)。六(liu)二(er)處(chu)內卦之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)。為(wei)重陰(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)地。上應六(liu)五。外接九三。以(yi)陰(yin)含陽(yang)(yang)。以(yi)柔文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)剛(gang)。陰(yin)內而陽(yang)(yang)外。剛(gang)上而柔中(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)飾(shi)在上與外。故為(wei)賁須(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)象。須(xu)眉(mei)者(zhe)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)為(wei)美(mei)觀也(ye)。言須(xu)已賅眉(mei)矣(yi)。須(xu)在頤間(jian)。賁亦頤之(zhi)(zhi)變與噬嗑同。九三一爻。有(you)同于(yu)須(xu)。而六(liu)二(er)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)飾(shi)。此(ci)(ci)賁其(qi)須(xu)者(zhe)。仍(reng)本(ben)(ben)柔來(lai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)剛(gang)之(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)。而見陽(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)待陰(yin)以(yi)生以(yi)成者(zhe)也(ye)。六(liu)二(er)以(yi)離之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)爻。主明(ming)視之(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)。內凝其(qi)精(jing)。外發為(wei)華。如人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)目。乃(nai)腎水之(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)。上見于(yu)面(mian)。則(ze)六(liu)二(er)之(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)。上賁于(yu)須(xu)眉(mei)。其(qi)理(li)正(zheng)。同陰(yin)在內也(ye)。陰(yin)因陽(yang)(yang)以(yi)成用(yong)。譬諸燈之(zhi)(zhi)有(you)油。燭之(zhi)(zhi)有(you)蠟(la)。合(he)之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)明(ming)。分之(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)無(wu)(wu)用(yong)矣(yi)。故六(liu)二(er)之(zhi)(zhi)賁。非(fei)其(qi)本(ben)(ben)爻之(zhi)(zhi)所資。乃(nai)在于(yu)上之(zhi)(zhi)陽(yang)(yang)爻。陽(yang)(yang)得陰(yin)以(yi)為(wei)飾(shi)。人(ren)藉物以(yi)為(wei)美(mei)。此(ci)(ci)固內外相(xiang)須(xu)。上下(xia)相(xiang)應之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)。是(shi)須(xu)字。亦含有(you)須(xu)待之(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)。人(ren)幼無(wu)(wu)須(xu)。陰(yin)精(jing)不上奉也(ye)。婦(fu)女(nv)無(wu)(wu)須(xu)。無(wu)(wu)陽(yang)(yang)不成美(mei)也(ye)。故須(xu)者(zhe)。待其(qi)人(ren)而后行。待其(qi)時(shi)而后見。六(liu)二(er)居(ju)正(zheng)位。合(he)乎(hu)時(shi)宜。有(you)其(qi)全(quan)德。乃(nai)能發抒為(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。以(yi)美(mei)其(qi)上之(zhi)(zhi)須(xu)。于(yu)此(ci)(ci)足見賁之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)用(yong)。非(fei)茍飾(shi)也(ye)。
象曰。賁(bi)其須(xu)。與上興也
此申釋(shi)爻辭之(zhi)義也(ye)(ye)。六二居下(xia)(xia)(xia)而志(zhi)在(zai)上。以柔(rou)從(cong)(cong)剛。以陰從(cong)(cong)陽(yang)。故隨(sui)上之(zhi)陽(yang)爻起。與(yu)猶隨(sui)如(ru)也(ye)(ye)。如(ru)澤雷隨(sui)之(zhi)象(xiang)。艮輿兌(dui)易(yi)(yi)。離與(yu)震易(yi)(yi)。則成相隨(sui)之(zhi)象(xiang)。六二隨(sui)九三(san)而興(xing)。以成其(qi)文剛之(zhi)用(yong)耳。此爻大用(yong)。在(zai)能隨(sui)上興(xing)起。以陰為(wei)陽(yang)而不(bu)失其(qi)正位。方(fang)能文剛。若乖(guai)其(qi)位。失其(qi)貞。則為(wei)奸為(wei)亂。而非文飾矣(yi)。故重(zhong)在(zai)貞。貞以成其(qi)亨。坤以承乎乾。此離麗之(zhi)本德。而克隨(sui)艮止以同行也(ye)(ye)。故柔(rou)能劑剛。內能協(xie)外(wai)。上下(xia)(xia)(xia)一(yi)德。以開天下(xia)(xia)(xia)文明。其(qi)為(wei)用(yong)亦大矣(yi)哉(zai)。
九(jiu)三：賁如濡如。永貞(zhen)吉。
此(ci)(ci)賁九(jiu)(jiu)三(san)(san)爻(yao)辭也。九(jiu)(jiu)三(san)(san)為(wei)離上(shang)爻(yao)。居人(ren)爻(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始。孚(fu)既(ji)濟(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義。故(gu)有濡賁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)。如者未(wei)(wei)(wei)定(ding)辭。以九(jiu)(jiu)三(san)(san)重(zhong)剛(gang)。不(bu)(bu)慣附和。而(er)賁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)用(yong)。重(zhong)在拹(xie)劑。柔(rou)來文剛(gang)。固是(shi)全卦主旨。剛(gang)將(jiang)如何受柔(rou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文。而(er)不(bu)(bu)為(wei)所辱(ru)。則(ze)視爻(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志行。與其(qi)德力而(er)別。九(jiu)(jiu)三(san)(san)重(zhong)剛(gang)。而(er)為(wei)離之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一爻(yao)。外剛(gang)中柔(rou)。面違心從(cong)。其(qi)志莫定(ding)。其(qi)行莫明(ming)。以如字狀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。言所欲而(er)不(bu)(bu)遽(ju)允。所樂而(er)不(bu)(bu)逕行。以決絕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情。作夷猶(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。雖日近陰柔(rou)。而(er)難(nan)與之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化。唯(wei)守(shou)其(qi)貞(zhen)節。以拹(xie)于上(shang)下。此(ci)(ci)所以有永(yong)貞(zhen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吉也。譬諸(zhu)男子(zi)。處(chu)少女夾輔(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間。欲去未(wei)(wei)(wei)能(neng)。欲從(cong)未(wei)(wei)(wei)可。茍失其(qi)守(shou)。未(wei)(wei)(wei)有不(bu)(bu)為(wei)奸亂(luan)者。而(er)一味(wei)峻拒。又將(jiang)貽無(wu)窮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)憂(you)。此(ci)(ci)乃(nai)最難(nan)處(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地。唯(wei)有永(yong)貞(zhen)以待之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。處(chu)賁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)加。而(er)不(bu)(bu)為(wei)蔽濡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至。而(er)不(bu)(bu)為(wei)染。則(ze)終能(neng)保其(qi)剛(gang)。和其(qi)柔(rou)。以成九(jiu)(jiu)三(san)(san)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)。此(ci)(ci)爻(yao)辭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)微(wei)義。端(duan)在人(ren)事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善為(wei)。九(jiu)(jiu)三(san)(san)人(ren)位。本乾朝乾夕惕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時。而(er)懷若厲無(wu)咎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戒。故(gu)永(yong)貞(zhen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德。天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也。人(ren)能(neng)履(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。則(ze)終吉矣。
象曰：永貞之吉。終莫之陵也。
此申釋爻辭(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)義也。九三之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)。既在六二六四(si)包(bao)圍之(zhi)(zhi)中。恰當賁(bi)(bi)如濡如薰(xun)染之(zhi)(zhi)際。以俊(jun)秀之(zhi)(zhi)士。遘麗佳(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)女。其易失(shi)(shi)節可知。而(er)(er)卒(zu)能保者。實(shi)由(you)永貞。以我之(zhi)(zhi)貞。化為(wei)女貞。以賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)美(mei)。施及女美(mei)。則有和協(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)樂。而(er)(er)無奸亂之(zhi)(zhi)愆。此則以九三重剛之(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)。不(bu)被眾柔所屈。故曰終莫之(zhi)(zhi)陵。陵猶屈辱之(zhi)(zhi)意。不(bu)失(shi)(shi)其貞。則何辱哉。君子乾乾自持(chi)。不(bu)畏宵小(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)慍。不(bu)為(wei)陰柔之(zhi)(zhi)浸。不(bu)甘嗜欲之(zhi)(zhi)毒。不(bu)忘性(xing)命之(zhi)(zhi)正。此所以能化行天下。而(er)(er)長保其操守也。讀者于此處。當細繹彖辭(ci)而(er)(er)深求圣人垂教之(zhi)(zhi)微意。方能達賁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)道以九三之(zhi)(zhi)德焉。
六四：賁如皤(po)如。白馬(ma)翰(han)如。匪寇婚(hun)媾(gou)。
此賁(bi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)四(si)(si)爻(yao)(yao)辭(ci)。明(ming)本爻(yao)(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用也(ye)(ye)(ye)。六(liu)(liu)(liu)四(si)(si)為(wei)(wei)艮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始。居(ju)卦(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中。得坤(kun)六(liu)(liu)(liu)四(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)。孚既(ji)濟泰卦(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用。下與(yu)九(jiu)(jiu)三(san)交(jiao)。上(shang)與(yu)上(shang)九(jiu)(jiu)應。陰(yin)居(ju)陰(yin)位(wei)。而(er)與(yu)二五兩爻(yao)(yao)同(tong)情。在(zai)賁(bi)全卦(gua)。皆以(yi)柔(rou)(rou)來文(wen)剛為(wei)(wei)志(zhi)(zhi)。六(liu)(liu)(liu)四(si)(si)重柔(rou)(rou)。實文(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)位(wei)。九(jiu)(jiu)三(san)六(liu)(liu)(liu)四(si)(si)交(jiao)互(hu)成(cheng)(cheng)文(wen)。非(fei)(fei)敵非(fei)(fei)友(you)。乃(nai)和乃(nai)配(pei)柔(rou)(rou)者(zhe)。尚素(su)剛在(zai)內也(ye)(ye)(ye)。剛內為(wei)(wei)金。西方類也(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)色(se)為(wei)(wei)白(bai)。體(ti)物備也(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)行為(wei)(wei)馬。行地例也(ye)(ye)(ye)。坤(kun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德廣厚。有無(wu)強之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱。坤(kun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)靜貞。有順(shun)承之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能。故六(liu)(liu)(liu)四(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賁(bi)。若(ruo)(ruo)有色(se)若(ruo)(ruo)無(wu)色(se)。若(ruo)(ruo)有文(wen)。若(ruo)(ruo)非(fei)(fei)文(wen)。此爻(yao)(yao)辭(ci)疊用如字。明(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)疑(yi)似之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。皤(po)白(bai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。翰羽(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。白(bai)言其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)色(se)。羽(yu)喻其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)行。為(wei)(wei)文(wen)而(er)若(ruo)(ruo)素(su)。則(ze)非(fei)(fei)文(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。為(wei)(wei)畜而(er)若(ruo)(ruo)飛(fei)。則(ze)非(fei)(fei)畜也(ye)(ye)(ye)。為(wei)(wei)敵而(er)若(ruo)(ruo)婚(hun)媾。則(ze)非(fei)(fei)寇仇(chou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。何以(yi)然者(zhe)。六(liu)(liu)(liu)四(si)(si)處剛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao)。承乾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命。因(yin)柔(rou)(rou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)。成(cheng)(cheng)坤(kun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)順(shun)。配(pei)而(er)不(bu)可狎。交(jiao)而(er)不(bu)欲(yu)勝。能遠能邇。而(er)莫知其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)徑(jing)。有志(zhi)(zhi)有行。而(er)莫見其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)。故外相(xiang)疑(yi)忌。內漸親近(jin)。是始為(wei)(wei)寇仇(chou)。終成(cheng)(cheng)婚(hun)媾。如男女。初則(ze)相(xiang)猜。既(ji)而(er)相(xiang)認(ren)。終為(wei)(wei)配(pei)偶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。此爻(yao)(yao)雖非(fei)(fei)主(zhu)位(wei)。乃(nai)因(yin)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用。而(er)為(wei)(wei)全卦(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要爻(yao)(yao)。則(ze)以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)重柔(rou)(rou)。善于文(wen)飾一切也(ye)(ye)(ye)。顧察其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)飾。反非(fei)(fei)絢(xuan)爛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)華(hua)。卻(que)為(wei)(wei)淡(dan)素(su)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)白(bai)。白(bai)猶無(wu)色(se)。是其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所賁(bi)猶未賁(bi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)道貴(gui)樸。人(ren)(ren)性(xing)貴(gui)真。于此足證賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)賁(bi)。不(bu)尚美色(se)。而(er)在(zai)真誠矣。婚(hun)媾云者(zhe)。本相(xiang)交(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義。通內外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情。以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)一陰(yin)一陽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道。而(er)著(zhu)天(tian)生地成(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。讀(du)者(zhe)審之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
象(xiang)曰：六四當位(wei)。疑(yi)也(ye)。匪(fei)寇婚(hun)媾。終無尤也(ye)。
此(ci)申釋爻(yao)(yao)辭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。六四以(yi)柔居陰(yin)。故為(wei)(wei)當(dang)位。既(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)當(dang)位。何以(yi)生疑(yi)。則(ze)(ze)由群(qun)陰(yin)相(xiang)比。九三易(yi)困(kun)。陰(yin)固樂陽。陽亦(yi)喜陰(yin)。而(er)(er)來(lai)者(zhe)(zhe)意遽。受者(zhe)(zhe)意緩(huan)。緩(huan)遽異情。乃生疑(yi)懼。九三本(ben)乾惕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義。六四有(you)(you)巽懦(nuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)。其(qi)(qi)相(xiang)疑(yi)非一(yi)爻(yao)(yao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。乃欲(yu)(yu)交而(er)(er)難(nan)(nan)合。欲(yu)(yu)離(li)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)可止(zhi)。故疑(yi)起于心(xin)。實情為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)敝也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)人(ren)情無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)求(qiu)則(ze)(ze)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)忌(ji)。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)欲(yu)(yu)則(ze)(ze)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)虞。中心(xin)坦然(ran)。何疑(yi)何懼。九三六四。求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正切。欲(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方張。兩情未(wei)明(ming)。寸心(xin)未(wei)定(ding)。此(ci)疑(yi)惑恐懼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發于內者(zhe)(zhe)。非將遠(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。實希近之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。非將仇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。實希友之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。以(yi)異而(er)(er)難(nan)(nan)驟同。則(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)自(zi)持之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)安也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)需而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)遽得(de)。則(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)所示之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)吝也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)固人(ren)情之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常。而(er)(er)六四恰有(you)(you)類(lei)焉。然(ran)既(ji)(ji)求(qiu)矣。非相(xiang)尤(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)既(ji)(ji)近矣。乃相(xiang)認(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)初疑(yi)而(er)(er)卒信矣。匪(fei)寇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非。婚(hun)媾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)就。果成兩好(hao)。而(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)怨尤(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。尤(you)者(zhe)(zhe)咎也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。詩云式相(xiang)好(hao)矣。無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)相(xiang)尤(you)矣。正六四之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。蓋六四當(dang)位自(zi)有(you)(you)所守。不(bu)(bu)因(yin)一(yi)時情欲(yu)(yu)。而(er)(er)遭逢輕薄(bo)。又(you)不(bu)(bu)以(yi)一(yi)事猜虞。而(er)(er)干受仳(pi)離(li)。此(ci)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)尤(you)二字。言其(qi)(qi)能發乎情。止(zhi)乎禮。秉坤靜順之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德。逢離(li)文明(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福。以(yi)諧歸(gui)艮止(zhi)定(ding)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)境。行不(bu)(bu)違道。情不(bu)(bu)悖性。雖有(you)(you)婚(hun)媾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)私(si)。究無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)傷政教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化。說者(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)擬于關睢(sui)。斯有(you)(you)由矣。又(you)以(yi)陰(yin)陽相(xiang)交而(er)(er)生。則(ze)(ze)婚(hun)媾合禮。正為(wei)(wei)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文明(ming)。野(ye)人(ren)茍合。去文明(ming)遠(yuan)矣。故王道首重人(ren)倫。君子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道造端夫(fu)婦。讀者(zhe)(zhe)未(wei)可輕易(yi)看過此(ci)爻(yao)(yao)辭也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
六五：賁于丘園。束(shu)帛戔戔。吝.終吉
此賁(bi)六(liu)五(wu)爻(yao)(yao)辭也(ye)(ye)。賁(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)為(wei)用(yong)。文(wen)(wen)飾(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)柔(rou)來文(wen)(wen)剛為(wei)貴。六(liu)五(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)柔(rou)履剛。為(wei)上(shang)卦正位(wei)。而(er)屬艮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)爻(yao)(yao)。艮為(wei)止(zhi)。文(wen)(wen)明以(yi)(yi)(yi)止(zhi)。彖辭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義著于(yu)六(liu)五(wu)。人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)。見(jian)于(yu)是(shi)爻(yao)(yao)。故(gu)有(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)事禮(li)儀來往之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象。而(er)所(suo)(suo)(suo)在(zai)乃高(gao)丘園陵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)處。以(yi)(yi)(yi)六(liu)五(wu)近上(shang)九(jiu)。在(zai)高(gao)位(wei)也(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)事言(yan)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)為(wei)國家交際。使(shi)節(jie)聘問之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。與(yu)觀(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作賓觀(guan)光。有(you)(you)同(tong)有(you)(you)異。同(tong)者皆屬外觀(guan)。徒具威(wei)儀。異者內志有(you)(you)殊(shu)。用(yong)情不(bu)(bu)類。故(gu)位(wei)雖(sui)(sui)高(gao)。而(er)非廊miao。卻在(zai)丘園。儀雖(sui)(sui)隆。而(er)非重器。卻只(zhi)束(shu)帛(bo)。外若堂皇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)典(dian)。中(zhong)實乾餱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愆。以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)微。而(er)誠不(bu)(bu)足(zu)也(ye)(ye)。儀不(bu)(bu)備(bei)物(wu)(wu)。賁(bi)乃具文(wen)(wen)。戔戔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)羞。實彰其(qi)(qi)(qi)吝(lin)。此所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)大用(yong)也(ye)(ye)。唯其(qi)(qi)(qi)小。則(ze)(ze)(ze)自覺不(bu)(bu)足(zu)。唯其(qi)(qi)(qi)細(xi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)。自知有(you)(you)吝(lin)。故(gu)雖(sui)(sui)束(shu)帛(bo)戔戔。而(er)無害于(yu)賁(bi)。且得終(zhong)吉(ji)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)初之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末吉(ji)可見(jian)。蓋以(yi)(yi)(yi)吝(lin)招尤。不(bu)(bu)易(yi)得人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)諒(liang)。而(er)卒因禮(li)儀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至。有(you)(you)文(wen)(wen)明以(yi)(yi)(yi)止(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德。使(shi)人(ren)(ren)信其(qi)(qi)(qi)無他(ta)也(ye)(ye)。然六(liu)五(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吝(lin)。在(zai)他(ta)爻(yao)(yao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)非。以(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)異也(ye)(ye)。吝(lin)由物(wu)(wu)言(yan)。吉(ji)由德致。物(wu)(wu)少不(bu)(bu)足(zu)病。德不(bu)(bu)立則(ze)(ze)(ze)可憂(you)。六(liu)五(wu)居其(qi)(qi)(qi)位(wei)。為(wei)眾所(suo)(suo)(suo)服。雖(sui)(sui)柔(rou)而(er)有(you)(you)守。雖(sui)(sui)弱而(er)有(you)(you)禮(li)。此其(qi)(qi)(qi)終(zhong)吉(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)由來也(ye)(ye)。說者以(yi)(yi)(yi)賁(bi)于(yu)丘園。為(wei)隱(yin)藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象。乃就下(xia)位(wei)言(yan)也(ye)(ye)。若居上(shang)位(wei)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)非肥遯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時。而(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)為(wei)用(yong)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)禮(li)為(wei)節(jie)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)問高(gao)下(xia)隱(yin)顯(xian)。皆足(zu)獲(huo)終(zhong)吉(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)占。為(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)得位(wei)乘(cheng)時。不(bu)(bu)悖于(yu)賁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)。故(gu)爻(yao)(yao)辭決其(qi)(qi)(qi)吉(ji)焉。
象曰(yue)：六五之吉。有喜也。
此申釋爻(yao)辭(ci)之義也。六五之吉(ji)。以禮制(zhi)情(qing)。雖(sui)不稱其(qi)儀。而(er)(er)有發于誠。故(gu)中(zhong)心喜(xi)悅。覺所(suo)與者(zhe)之易諒。以其(qi)內剛外(wai)柔。能順巽以聽人(ren)。先文后止。能貞固以持己。其(qi)喜(xi)之生(sheng)。既爻(yao)象所(suo)具也。譬諸在位。得接于內外(wai)賢(xian)臣(chen)。雖(sui)晷其(qi)跡。而(er)(er)能和其(qi)哀。則其(qi)為喜(xi)可知。
上九：白賁。無咎。
此(ci)賁上九爻辭也。上九居(ju)極(ji)地(di)當數窮則(ze)變(bian)之時。為(wei)陽爻適陰(yin)(yin)柔已盡之位。變(bian)則(ze)反其用(yong)。盡則(ze)反諸身。此(ci)上九之賁。非文而為(wei)白(bai)。白(bai)猶素(su)質。既不賁也。柔不文剛。陰(yin)(yin)不飾(shi)陽。位時巳窮。還(huan)(huan)于真(zhen)元。此(ci)艮(gen)之一陽。將返(fan)乎乾也。乾道大生。體(ti)天行健。故無(wu)(wu)咎(jiu)。為(wei)其返(fan)本復(fu)始。由(you)有色(se)以(yi)歸無(wu)(wu)色(se)。如成(cheng)真(zhen)上天。無(wu)(wu)罣無(wu)(wu)礙者。更何(he)咎(jiu)哉。文勝(sheng)返(fan)質。美(mei)盡還(huan)(huan)白(bai)。君(jun)子(zi)之行。上德不德。道之至矣。詩所謂上天之載(zai)。無(wu)(wu)聲(sheng)無(wu)(wu)臭者也。尚何(he)咎(jiu)乎。
象曰：白賁無咎。上得志也(ye)
此申釋上九爻辭之義。而明賁卦之大用也。上九為賁道之窮。窮則返始。以成其初。賁以文飾為用。既窮則反于無色。此原始要終之道也。天地萬物。均循是以歸于極。下者循環終始。與時榮悴。莫知其極。上者保終如始。因德達道。永歸其極。上九以位至高。應孚上者之德。即形而上者也。出乎有色。人于無色。永恒悠久。以還于樸。此至人之行。合于道者。故曰上得志也。上者之志。求仁得仁。無貪于文。無矜于美。文美盡忘。還我本色。此正傳所謂無色之義也。賁以色用其極也。無色。天道自然所至。既工者亦隨色而盡。不得復留。而上者能超諸色相。保其真元。則數盡而德不盡。時窮而身不窮故有得志之稱。fo釋凈土在無色(se)(se)界(jie)上。正(zheng)此意(yi)也。易教恐人(ren)變色(se)(se)不回。貪(tan)美不悟。持(chi)以無色(se)(se)釋(shi)賁(bi)。實欲(yu)警人(ren)之早識(shi)造化。而(er)能(neng)循時自立。以達(da)乎至誠悠久之域也。此賁(bi)卦辭義之精實合于修道之要(yao)。不獨為人(ren)事言也。賁(bi)后繼剝(bo)。尤足證色(se)(se)之難久。文之易窮(qiong)。色(se)(se)敝文亡。亨道以盡。此賁(bi)之易為剝(bo)也。讀者(zhe)須(xu)深(shen)省(sheng)之。
賁，這個字讀（bì）”，是文飾的意思。
（這個字，讓我開啟新華字典）
此卦象中，上離，為火，下艮，為山，山上燃燒著火焰之表象。火焰把山上草木萬物照得通明，如同披彩，這就叫裝飾。
“文化”這詞，來自于賁卦。“觀乎人文，以化成天下。”
給我的思考：
1.外在的修飾和美化是人愛美之心的正常表現。女孩打扮一番才出門，有時候男孩會不理解，只是出個門而已。女孩穿得體的衣服，有漂亮的妝容，是女孩愛美表現，同時是對自己和自己愛的人尊重。
2. 外在的任何裝飾，要適度，不能一味追求。一時的花樣，它充其量只能盛極一時，根本不能長久亨通。比如外貌，隨著時間增長，它會失去膠原蛋白和活力，但是大腦的智慧不一樣。人文外在修飾它的實質及最高的目標提高人的品德修養，達到至真極簡。
愛美的女孩們，不要本末倒置！提升自己的內涵和修養，升級思維，填滿大腦的智慧。
手抄賁卦
摘錄分享書籍《張其成講易經》～～
? ? ? 賁卦是《易經》的第二十二卦，在噬嗑卦之后。噬嗑卦是嚴明刑法，賁卦恰好相反，是講用文明、文化治理天下，所以這兩個卦構成了反卦，噬嗑卦顛倒過來就是賁卦。賁是山火賁，是一個非常美麗的場景。“賁”是修飾、文飾，“文”和“質”是相對的，孔子說：“質勝文則野，文勝質則史，文質彬彬，然后君子。”質樸如果勝過文采就顯得很粗野，但如果文采勝過質樸就顯得很虛浮，只有質樸和文采配合適中，才能成為君子，這就是成語“文質彬彬”的來源，賁卦就是講“文”的。
? ?賁卦是講文明的，它的上下卦構成了一種辯證關系，下卦為光明，上卦為停止，叫“文明以止”，這就是文化的本質。賁卦從初九爻到上九爻講了一個文飾的過程：從下到上、從低到高，每一個時空點，文飾的程度和對象都不同，這就告訴我們文飾是不能脫離實際的。賁卦還講了“文”和“質”的辯證關系，“質”是質樸、樸素，“文”是文飾、修飾，這兩者好比現象與本質、外在儀表與內在精神。外表的華美固然表現了一種文明，但如果無限追求文飾，過于浮華，就會越來越遠離自然質樸的美，奢靡腐敗的風氣就會泛濫成災。進一步發展，由物質文明的繁榮和精神文明的衰退造成的巨大反差，就會危害人類最終的發展。
? ?賁卦(gua)最后告(gao)訴我們要(yao)“白賁，無咎”，返璞歸(gui)真(zhen)，回歸(gui)自然簡樸的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)心本性。這既是(shi)做(zuo)人的(de)(de)(de)最高境(jing)界，也是(shi)文(wen)化的(de)(de)(de)最終目的(de)(de)(de)。如(ru)果過(guo)度(du)追求物質享受和奢靡的(de)(de)(de)生活，過(guo)度(du)裝飾，就會導致后面的(de)(de)(de)剝卦(gua)所描繪(hui)的(de)(de)(de)圖景(jing)。
【原文】 （離下艮上）賁①：亨。小利有攸往。 初九：賁其趾，舍車而徒③。 六二：賁其須。 九三：賁如濡如④。永貞吉。 六四：貴如皤如(5)，白馬翰如(6)。匪寇，婚媾。 六五：賁于丘園(&)，束帛戔戔(8)。吝，終吉。 上九：白賁(9)無咎。【注釋】 ①賁（b i）是本卦標題。責的意思是裝飾，文飾。在本卦中，賁還借用 為“奔”和“豮”。全卦內容主要講婚嫁之事，作標題的“賁”字為卦中多見 詞。②賁：文飾。③徒：徒步行走。④賁：借用為“奔”。濡： 汗濕。⑤賁：借用為“奔”。皤（po）：用作“燔”，意思是焚燒。③ 翰：馬頭高昂，這里指馬飛馳的樣子。(7)丘園：指女家附近的地方。 (8)束：五匹帛為一束。戔戔：一大堆的樣子。(8)賁：借用為“豮”，意 思是大豬。【譯文】 賁卦：亨通。外出有小利。
初九：把腳上穿戴好，不坐車而徒步行走。六二：把胡須修飾好。
九三：奔跑得滿身大汗。占問長久吉兇得吉兆。
六四：一路奔跑，太陽曬得像火燒，白馬昂頭飛馳。不是來 搶劫，而是來娶親。
六五：跑到丘園，送上一束束布帛。遇到了困難，結果還是 吉利。
上九：送上白色大肥豬，沒有災禍。
【讀解】婚禮嫁娶是人生大事之一。遠古時代民間婚俗的情景，今天 已難想象得十分具體生動。“賁卦”中的描繪，恰好是一幅民間婚 俗的風情畫：娶親的男方穿戴修飾整齊，有車不坐，一路奔跑到 女方家，獻上結婚的禮物。一樁美滿姻緣就此完成了。 據說這是原始社會中期對偶婚的遺俗。結婚時，男方全氏族 的成員要遷到靠近女方氏族居住的地方。“賁卦”所描繪的，正是 這種情形。雖然只有動作、行為等簡單的情節，但足以讓我們在 想象中去體察新郎內心的狀態：興奮激動中又包含著幾分急切和 忐忑不安，未來生兒育女的家庭生活和共同勞作的情景，一次又 一次在腦海中閃現。其中肯定也有對肩負更大責任的意識，因為 那時結婚絕不是簡單的個人行為，而是同整個氏族的利益聯系在 一起的。
《哲學易經》之《賁卦》---李建明
賁卦
賁，亨。小利，有攸往。《彖》日：賁，亨。柔來而文剛，故亨。分，剛上而文柔，故小利有攸往，剛柔交錯，天文也。文明以止，人文也。觀乎天文以察時變，觀乎人文以化成天下。《象》日：山下有火，賁。君子以明庶政，無敢折獄。
賁，文飾之意。意文飾改良也。明辯了事物的實質就能知其弊端而不斷進行文飾和改良了，從而才能使事物不斷地趨向完善和改進，是以“十分亨通，小利，有攸往。”
《彖》辭說：不斷文飾、改良、修正，十分亨通。原因是只有不斷文飾、改良、修正，才能使事物不斷地趨向完善和改進。故柔來當文之以剛，非常亨通；分而言之，剛上則文之以柔。如此則無物不亨而天下可化，是以此乃天文也。天之文總是剛柔相濟、陰陽相合、相輔相成化育萬物的，而人類當認識這個原則不斷地修飾事物推向光明，這應當是人類之文。觀乎天文才能了解時序的變化而作出相應的行動，觀乎人文才能歸正天下而作出相應的措施。這就是《賁》之義。
《象》辭說：山下有火，能洞照黑暗，耀亮天下，這是《賁》之象。是以君子觀之思一切事物如能相得益彰，無所不亨。從而當明庶政、辯獄情、不濫用刑罰。
初六：賁其趾，舍車而徒。《象》日：舍車而徒，義弗乘也。
要展現自己的腳趾，就得舍車而徒，飾已以文人也。故賁其趾，就得舍車而徒，義弗乘也。孔子說：“言之不文，行之不遠。”君子秀外慧中才能彰顯人格美、品德美、行為美。
六二：賁如須。《象》日：賁于須，與上興也。
須，需也。“民事無不急，務急之謂大。”要及時解決和妥然處理最要緊的和最迫切需要的事，才能達到社會的安定和天下的安康，是以“與上興也”。
九三：賁如濡如，永貞吉。《象》日：永貞之吉，終莫之陵也。
要不斷地加以修飾和改良，要不斷地加以補充和修正，這是永恒的真理。社會的發展來之于對舊事物的不斷改良和修正。如果沒有這些粉飾，人類也無從談起文明的進程。故永貞之吉，才能走在時代的頂端，終不至于受到凌辱和磨難。
六四：賁如皤如，白馬翰如。匪寇，婚媾。《象》日：六四當位，疑也。匪寇，婚媾，終無尤也。
皤，皤然之意。不斷地文飾才能彰顯它的美麗，不斷改進才能向更高層次發展。因此當乘馬而進必然會向更好層次發展。因此六四當位，雖疑，何其憂。只要行事中正，是以“匪寇，婚媾，終無尤也。”
六五：賁于丘園，束帛戔戔。吝，終吉。《象》日：六五之吉，有喜也。
丘園，桑園良田也。只有不斷地改良土壤、整修桑田，才能為豐收創造條件而束帛戔戔。是以雖吝而終有其吉。故君子當為一切發展創造條件，是以“六五之吉，有喜也。”
上九：白賁無咎。《象》日：白賁無咎，上得志也。
白賁，白色(se)無(wu)(wu)紋沒有掩飾性也(ye)。孔子說：“丹漆不(bu)文(wen)，白玉不(bu)雕，寶珠不(bu)飾，質有余者不(bu)受飾也(ye)。”正確的理論無(wu)(wu)需(xu)修飾，完善的政策何需(xu)粉飾，是以上得志(zhi)也(ye)。
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