符者,精神魂魄也。
關尹(yin)子曰:水可(ke)析可(ke)合,精(jing)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)也;火因膏因薪(xin)神(shen),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)我(wo)(wo)也。故耳蔽前(qian)后(hou)皆可(ke)聞,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren),智崇(chong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren),一奇無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren),冬凋(diao)秋物無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren),黑不(bu)可(ke)變(bian),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren),北壽(shou)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren),皆精(jing)。舌即(ji)齒,牙成言,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)我(wo)(wo),禮(li)卑無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)我(wo)(wo),二偶無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)我(wo)(wo),夏因春物,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)我(wo)(wo),赤可(ke)變(bian),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)我(wo)(wo),南天無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)我(wo)(wo),皆神(shen)。以精(jing)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren),故米去殼則精(jing)存,以神(shen)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)我(wo)(wo),故鬼憑物則神(shen)見。全精(jing)者(zhe)忘是非,忘得(de)失,在(zai)此者(zhe)非彼(bi),抱(bao)神(shen)者(zhe)時(shi)晦明時(shi)強弱,在(zai)彼(bi)者(zhe)非此。
曰:精神(shen),水火也(ye)。五行互生滅之(zhi),其來無首,其往(wang)無尾(wei),則吾之(zhi)精一滴(di)無存亡(wang)爾(er)(er),吾之(zhi)神(shen)一欻(hu)無起滅爾(er)(er),惟(wei)無我(wo)無人,無首無尾(wei),所以與天地冥。
曰:精(jing)者(zhe)水(shui)(shui),魄者(zhe)金(jin)(jin),神(shen)(shen)(shen)者(zhe)火(huo)(huo),魂者(zhe)木(mu)(mu)(mu)。精(jing)主(zhu)(zhu)水(shui)(shui),魄主(zhu)(zhu)金(jin)(jin),金(jin)(jin)生水(shui)(shui),故(gu)精(jing)者(zhe)魄藏(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。神(shen)(shen)(shen)主(zhu)(zhu)火(huo)(huo),魂主(zhu)(zhu)木(mu)(mu)(mu),木(mu)(mu)(mu)生火(huo)(huo),故(gu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)者(zhe)魂藏(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。惟(wei)(wei)水(shui)(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)物(wu),能藏(zang)金(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)息之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),能滋木(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)榮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),所以(yi)(yi)(yi)析魂魄。惟(wei)(wei)火(huo)(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)物(wu),能镕(rong)金(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)銷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),能燔木(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)燒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),所以(yi)(yi)(yi)冥魂魄。惟(wei)(wei)精(jing),在(zai)天(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)寒,在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)水(shui)(shui),在(zai)人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)精(jing)。神(shen)(shen)(shen),在(zai)天(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)熱,在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)火(huo)(huo),在(zai)人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)神(shen)(shen)(shen)。魄,在(zai)天(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)燥,在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)金(jin)(jin),在(zai)人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)魄。魂,在(zai)天(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)風,在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)木(mu)(mu)(mu),在(zai)人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)魂。惟(wei)(wei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing),合天(tian)地(di)(di)(di)萬物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing),譬(pi)如萬水(shui)(shui)可(ke)合為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)水(shui)(shui)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen),合天(tian)地(di)(di)(di)萬物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen),譬(pi)如萬火(huo)(huo)可(ke)合為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)火(huo)(huo)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)魄,合天(tian)地(di)(di)(di)萬物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)魄,譬(pi)如金(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)物(wu),可(ke)合異金(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)镕(rong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)金(jin)(jin)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)魂,合天(tian)地(di)(di)(di)萬物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)魂,譬(pi)如木(mu)(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)物(wu),可(ke)接異木(mu)(mu)(mu)而(er)(er)生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)。則天(tian)地(di)(di)(di)萬物(wu),皆吾精(jing)吾神(shen)(shen)(shen)吾魄吾魂,何者(zhe)死,何者(zhe)生?
曰(yue):五行之(zhi)運,因精(jing)有(you)(you)魂(hun),因魂(hun)有(you)(you)神,因神有(you)(you)意(yi),因意(yi)有(you)(you)魄,因魄有(you)(you)精(jing)。五行回環不已(yi),所以(yi)我之(zhi)偽(wei)心流(liu)轉(zhuan)造化,幾(ji)億萬(wan)歲,未(wei)有(you)(you)窮極,然核芽相生(sheng),不知其幾(ji)萬(wan)株(zhu),天地雖大,不能芽空(kong)中之(zhi)核。雌卵相生(sheng),不知其幾(ji)萬(wan)禽,陰陽雖妙,不能卵無(wu)雄(xiong)之(zhi)雌。惟其來于我者,皆攝之(zhi)以(yi)一息,則變物為我,無(wu)物非我,所謂五行者,孰能變之(zhi)?
曰(yue):眾人(ren)以(yi)(yi)魄(po)(po)攝魂(hun)(hun)者(zhe),金(jin)(jin)有(you)余(yu)則(ze)(ze)木不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)也(ye)(ye);圣人(ren)以(yi)(yi)魂(hun)(hun)運魄(po)(po)者(zhe),木有(you)余(yu)則(ze)(ze)金(jin)(jin)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)也(ye)(ye)。蓋(gai)魄(po)(po)之(zhi)藏魂(hun)(hun)俱之(zhi),魂(hun)(hun)之(zhi)游魄(po)(po)因(yin)之(zhi)。魂(hun)(hun)晝寓目(mu),魄(po)(po)夜舍肝。寓目(mu)能(neng)見(jian),舍肝能(neng)夢。見(jian)者(zhe)魂(hun)(hun)無(wu)分別(bie)(bie)(bie)析之(zhi)者(zhe),分別(bie)(bie)(bie)析之(zhi)曰(yue)天地者(zhe),魂(hun)(hun)狃習也(ye)(ye)。夢者(zhe)魄(po)(po)無(wu)分別(bie)(bie)(bie)析之(zhi)者(zhe),分別(bie)(bie)(bie)析之(zhi)曰(yue)彼我(wo)者(zhe),魄(po)(po)狃習也(ye)(ye)。火(huo)生(sheng)土,故神生(sheng)意;土生(sheng)金(jin)(jin),故意生(sheng)魄(po)(po)。神之(zhi)所動(dong),不(bu)(bu)名(ming)神,名(ming)意;意之(zhi)所動(dong),不(bu)(bu)名(ming)意,名(ming)魄(po)(po)。惟圣人(ren)知我(wo)無(wu)我(wo),知物無(wu)物,皆因(yin)思慮計(ji)之(zhi)而(er)有(you)。是(shi)以(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)物之(zhi)來(lai),我(wo)皆對之(zhi)以(yi)(yi)性,而(er)不(bu)(bu)對之(zhi)以(yi)(yi)心。性者(zhe),心未萌也(ye)(ye),無(wu)心則(ze)(ze)無(wu)意矣。蓋(gai)無(wu)火(huo)則(ze)(ze)無(wu)土,無(wu)意則(ze)(ze)無(wu)魄(po)(po)矣。蓋(gai)無(wu)土則(ze)(ze)無(wu)金(jin)(jin)。一者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)存,五者(zhe)皆廢(fei)。既能(neng)渾天地萬(wan)(wan)物以(yi)(yi)為魂(hun)(hun),斯能(neng)渾天地萬(wan)(wan)物以(yi)(yi)為魄(po)(po)。凡造(zao)化所妙皆吾魂(hun)(hun),凡造(zao)化所有(you)皆吾魄(po)(po),則(ze)(ze)無(wu)有(you)一物可役(yi)我(wo)者(zhe)。舍肝當作舍肺
曰(yue):鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)云為魂,鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)白(bai)為魄(po),于文則然(ran)。鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)者,人死所變。
云(yun)者(zhe)風(feng),風(feng)者(zhe)木(mu);白者(zhe)氣(qi)(qi),氣(qi)(qi)者(zhe)金。風(feng)散故輕清,輕清者(zhe)上天(tian)。金堅故重(zhong)濁(zhuo),重(zhong)濁(zhuo)者(zhe)入地。輕清者(zhe),魄(po)(po)從魂升;重(zhong)濁(zhuo)者(zhe),魂從魄(po)(po)降(jiang)。有(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)仁升者(zhe),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)木(mu)星(xing)佐(zuo),有(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)義升者(zhe),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)金星(xing)佐(zuo),有(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)禮(li)升者(zhe),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)火星(xing)佐(zuo),有(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)智(zhi)升者(zhe),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)水星(xing)佐(zuo),有(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)信升者(zhe),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)土星(xing)佐(zuo)。有(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)不仁沉者(zhe),木(mu)賊(zei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不義沉者(zhe),金賊(zei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不禮(li)沉者(zhe),火賊(zei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不智(zhi)沉者(zhe),水賊(zei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不信沉者(zhe),土賊(zei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。魂魄(po)(po)半之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),則(ze)在人間,升魂為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)貴,降(jiang)魄(po)(po)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)賤,靈魂為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)賢,厲魄(po)(po)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)愚,輕魂為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)明,重(zhong)魄(po)(po)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)暗,揚魂為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)羽(yu),鈍(dun)魄(po)(po)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)毛,明魂為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)神,幽魄(po)(po)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鬼。其(qi)形其(qi)居,其(qi)識其(qi)好(hao),皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)行(xing)契之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。惟五(wu)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數,參差不一,所以(yi)(yi)(yi)萬物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多,盈天(tian)地間,猶未已(yi)也。以(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)事歸五(wu)行(xing),以(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)行(xing)作五(wu)蟲,可勝言哉。譬猶兆(zhao)龜(gui)數蓍(shi),至誠自契,五(wu)行(xing)應(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。誠茍不至,兆(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),無一應(ying)者(zhe)。圣人假物以(yi)(yi)(yi)游(you)世,五(wu)行(xing)不得(de)不對。
曰(yue):五者(zhe)具有(you)魂(hun)。魂(hun)者(zhe)識(shi)(shi),目(mu)者(zhe)精,色者(zhe)神(shen)。見之(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)魂(hun),耳目(mu)口鼻心(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)類在此生(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)。愛為(wei)(wei)(wei)精,為(wei)(wei)(wei)彼生(sheng)(sheng)父(fu)(fu)本,觀為(wei)(wei)(wei)神(shen),為(wei)(wei)(wei)彼生(sheng)(sheng)母本。愛觀雖異,皆同識(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng),彼生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)本在彼生(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)。一為(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu),故(gu)受氣于父(fu)(fu),氣為(wei)(wei)(wei)水。二(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)母,故(gu)受血于母,血為(wei)(wei)(wei)火(huo)。有(you)父(fu)(fu)有(you)母,彼生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)矣。惟其愛之(zhi)(zhi)無識(shi)(shi),如(ru)鎖之(zhi)(zhi)交,觀之(zhi)(zhi)無識(shi)(shi),如(ru)燈(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)照。吾(wu)識(shi)(shi)不萌,吾(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)何有(you)。
曰:如桴(fu)扣鼓(gu)(gu),鼓(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)者(zhe),我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有也;鼓(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聲者(zhe),我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)感也。桴(fu)已往矣,余聲尚在(zai),終(zhong)亦(yi)不存而已矣。鼓(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)如我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing),鼓(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聲如我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神。其余聲者(zhe),猶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)魂魄,知(zhi)夫倏往倏來,則五行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣,我何有焉。
曰:夫果之有(you)核,必待水(shui)火(huo)土(tu)三者(zhe)具矣,然后相生(sheng)不窮。三者(zhe)不具,如(ru)大旱(han)大潦大塊,皆不足以生(sheng)物。夫精(jing)水(shui)神火(huo)意土(tu),三者(zhe)本不交,惟人以根合之,故能(neng)于其中橫見(jian)有(you)事(shi)。猶如(ru)術祝者(zhe),能(neng)于至無中見(jian)多有(you)事(shi)。
曰(yue):魂者木也,木根于(yu)冬水而(er)華于(yu)夏火。故人之魂藏于(yu)夜(ye)精(jing),而(er)見于(yu)晝神。合(he)乎精(jing),故所見我(wo)獨(du),蓋精(jing)未(wei)嘗有人。合(he)乎神,故所見人同,蓋神未(wei)嘗有我(wo)。
曰:知(zhi)夫此身,如夢中身,隨(sui)情(qing)所見者(zhe),可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飛神(shen)(shen)(shen)作(zuo)(zuo)我(wo)而游(you)太(tai)清。知(zhi)夫此物(wu),如夢中物(wu),隨(sui)情(qing)所見者(zhe),可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)凝(ning)精(jing)(jing)(jing)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)而駕八荒。是道也,能(neng)見精(jing)(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)而久生(sheng),能(neng)忘(wang)精(jing)(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)而超(chao)生(sheng)。吸(xi)氣以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)養精(jing)(jing)(jing),如金生(sheng)水,吸(xi)風(feng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)養神(shen)(shen)(shen),如木(mu)生(sheng)火(huo),所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)假外以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)延精(jing)(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)。漱水以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)養精(jing)(jing)(jing),精(jing)(jing)(jing)之所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)窮,摩火(huo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)養神(shen)(shen)(shen),神(shen)(shen)(shen)之所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)窮,所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)假內以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)延精(jing)(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)。若夫忘(wang)精(jing)(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)而超(chao)生(sheng)者(zhe),吾嘗言之矣。
曰:人(ren)勤于禮者(zhe),神不(bu)外馳,可(ke)以(yi)集神;人(ren)勤于智(zhi)者(zhe),精(jing)不(bu)外移(yi),可(ke)以(yi)攝精(jing)。仁則(ze)陽(yang)而(er)明,可(ke)以(yi)輕魂;義則(ze)陰而(er)冥,可(ke)以(yi)御魄(po)。
曰:蜣(qiang)螂轉丸(wan),丸(wan)成(cheng)而精思之,而有蠕白者存丸(wan)中,俄去殼而蟬。彼蜣(qiang)不思,彼蠕奚白?
曰:庖人羹蟹,遺一(yi)足幾上,蟹已(yi)羹,而遺足尚動。是生(sheng)死者,一(yi)氣聚(ju)散(san)爾。不生(sheng)不死,而人橫計曰生(sheng)死。
曰(yue):有(you)死(si)(si)立者(zhe),有(you)死(si)(si)坐(zuo)者(zhe),有(you)死(si)(si)臥(wo)者(zhe),有(you)死(si)(si)病者(zhe),有(you)死(si)(si)藥者(zhe)。等死(si)(si),無(wu)甲乙(yi)之殊。若知(zhi)道之士(shi),不(bu)(bu)見(jian)生,故(gu)不(bu)(bu)見(jian)死(si)(si)。
曰:人(ren)之厭生(sheng)(sheng)死超生(sheng)(sheng)死者(zhe),皆是(shi)大患(huan)也。譬(pi)如化(hua)人(ren),若有(you)厭生(sheng)(sheng)死心,超生(sheng)(sheng)死心,止(zhi)名為(wei)妖,不名為(wei)道(dao)。
曰:計生死(si)者,或(huo)(huo)曰死(si)己有,或(huo)(huo)曰死(si)己無,或(huo)(huo)曰死(si)己亦有亦無,或(huo)(huo)曰死(si)己不(bu)(bu)有不(bu)(bu)無。或(huo)(huo)曰當喜者,或(huo)(huo)曰當懼(ju)者,或(huo)(huo)曰當任(ren)者,或(huo)(huo)曰當超者。愈(yu)變識情,馳騖不(bu)(bu)已。殊不(bu)(bu)知我之(zhi)生死(si),如(ru)馬之(zhi)手,如(ru)牛之(zhi)翼,本無有,復無無。譬如(ru)水(shui)火雖犯水(shui)火,不(bu)(bu)能(neng)燒之(zhi),不(bu)(bu)能(neng)溺(ni)之(zhi)。
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