《全國(guo)中(zhong)醫圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)聯(lian)合目(mu)錄》（以(yi)(yi)下簡稱《聯(lian)目(mu)》）［1］是在1961年中(zhong)醫研究(jiu)院(yuan)和北京圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)館(guan)合編的(de)《中(zhong)醫圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)聯(lian)合目(mu)錄》基礎(chu)上，以(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)分(fen)類為主編寫的(de)一本(ben)檢索性工(gong)具書(shu)(shu)，工(gong)作(zuo)歷10之久，共收集全國(guo)113家圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)館(guan)的(de)中(zhong)醫古(gu)籍12124種。它對學(xue)(xue)者了解中(zhong)醫圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)的(de)基本(ben)情況、查閱相關文獻線索提供(gong)了極大便利，出版后一直作(zuo)為研究(jiu)者案頭必備工(gong)具書(shu)(shu)，發(fa)揮了重要作(zuo)用。但因書(shu)(shu)中(zhong)涉及信息量大，文獻分(fen)散在全國(guo)各地(di)，難免有(you)所失誤(wu)。多年來(lai)，未見《聯(lian)目(mu)》修訂，導致書(shu)(shu)中(zhong)錯誤(wu)長期得不到(dao)糾正(zheng)。一些(xie)錯誤(wu)信息誤(wu)導讀者，給使(shi)用者在時間、精力、經(jing)濟上造成不少(shao)損失。現(xian)就眼(yan)科(ke)文獻中(zhong)涉及到(dao)的(de)一些(xie)問題，進(jin)行(xing)初(chu)步勘誤(wu)。
誤載、漏載、書(shu)名錯誤
本(ben)不(bu)是中(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)文獻(xian)，誤(wu)(wu)以為是中(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)書載入《聯目》，屬于(yu)誤(wu)(wu)載。如《心(xin)(xin)眼指要(yao)》（《聯目》編號09042，下同）清(qing)·無心(xin)(xin)道人編，道光(guang)三年(nian)癸(gui)未（1823年(nian)），錫山章氏可久(jiu)堂刻本(ben)，實際(ji)上是一種堪輿之(zhi)學，與醫(yi)(yi)學無關。《眼學偶(ou)得》（09077）系(xi)著名學者羅振玉讀書時“有(you)(you)所得忻然削札記(ji)之(zhi)”，“取北齊顏黃門(men)必須眼學勿信耳受(shou)之(zhi)語，顏之(zhi)曰眼學偶(ou)得”，涉及(ji)內(nei)容主(zhu)要(yao)是一些古(gu)籍的治學心(xin)(xin)得，也不(bu)屬于(yu)醫(yi)(yi)學文獻(xian)。以上兩書主(zhu)要(yao)是書名中(zhong)有(you)(you)“眼”字，編寫時未能閱讀原書，信手(shou)拈(nian)來，造成(cheng)誤(wu)(wu)植。
漏載(zai)文獻(xian)不(bu)屬纂者(zhe)責任，主要原(yuan)因是未能掌握文獻(xian)的(de)(de)線索(suo)，如(ru)民國·成(cheng)都徐遮(zhe)遙的(de)(de)《中(zhong)醫(yi)眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)》（民國二十(shi)八年(nian)初版(ban)）、清·湖南(nan)黃朝坊輯(ji)錄《金匱啟(qi)鑰》（主要內容(rong)錄自《審視瑤(yao)函》）、清·歐陽履欽著《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)歌訣》、首都圖書(shu)館(guan)《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)神效方》（封面(mian)題乙(yi)酉(you)夏重(zhong)刊，內作古歙(she)程松(song)崖(ya)眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)）、南(nan)京圖書(shu)館(guan)的(de)(de)《醫(yi)方辨難大成(cheng)》下(xia)集(ji)眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等。抄(chao)本如(ru)天津中(zhong)醫(yi)學(xue)院(yuan)的(de)(de)《太乙(yi)真人眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘(mi)傳(chuan)》、《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)妙方》、《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)療(liao)方》：上海圖書(shu)館(guan)的(de)(de)精抄(chao)本《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘(mi)籍(ji)》（清·林翹撰）、《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)編要》；浙(zhe)江中(zhong)醫(yi)藥(yao)研究(jiu)院(yuan)的(de)(de)《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)問答》、《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)證治(zhi)》、《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘(mi)書(shu)》、《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘(mi)集(ji)》、《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)圖證》；南(nan)京圖書(shu)館(guan)的(de)(de)《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)療(liao)方》、《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)總賦》；長春中(zhong)醫(yi)學(xue)院(yuan)的(de)(de)《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)諸病療(liao)法》等，不(bu)一(yi)而足，數(shu)量不(bu)少(shao)。
書(shu)名(ming)錯誤(wu)通常(chang)并不常(chang)見，但一字之差，謬誤(wu)千里。如《痧(sha)眼(yan)原(yuan)由(you)》（09043），清·錢(qian)松（鏡湖(hu)）撰，道(dao)光丙戌（1826年(nian)）刻本，經查實為《痧(sha)脹原(yuan)由(you)》，將(jiang)內科(ke)(ke)(ke)文(wen)獻(xian)誤(wu)為眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)文(wen)獻(xian)，一增一減，兩處受(shou)損。《眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)龍目醫(yi)書(shu)》（09003），著者(zhe)佚(yi)名(ming)，明(ming)·嘉靖四十三年(nian)甲子（1564年(nian)）刻本，經筆者(zhe)到安徽省圖書(shu)館(guan)實地考察，實為《秘傳(chuan)眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)龍木醫(yi)書(shu)》，即《眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)龍木論》，數字之差，讓人誤(wu)以為是另(ling)一種(zhong)早(zao)期(qi)眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)文(wen)獻(xian)。
同書異名、同名異書
同(tong)(tong)書(shu)(shu)異(yi)名在(zai)眼科文(wen)獻中(zhong)(zhong)非常普遍，眼科同(tong)(tong)書(shu)(shu)異(yi)名中(zhong)(zhong)較早被揭示者為《目(mu)(mu)(mu)科正宗》與(yu)《目(mu)(mu)(mu)經(jing)大(da)成》兩書(shu)(shu)的關(guan)系(xi)，這(zhe)在(zai)《目(mu)(mu)(mu)經(jing)大(da)成》著者黃(huang)(huang)庭鏡之孫瑛懷氏(shi)嘉慶二十二年刊(kan)行該書(shu)(shu)的序中(zhong)(zhong)有明確交代。原來《目(mu)(mu)(mu)科正宗》刊(kan)行者鄧(deng)贊夫系(xi)黃(huang)(huang)氏(shi)門(men)生，鄧(deng)氏(shi)雖刊(kan)行《目(mu)(mu)(mu)科正宗》在(zai)前，但內容(rong)源于《目(mu)(mu)(mu)經(jing)大(da)成》，系(xi)黃(huang)(huang)氏(shi)授業時(shi)“不靳授收，出(chu)所著予以錄讀(du)，贊夫于是有其書(shu)(shu)矣。”［2］兩者內容(rong)基本(ben)相同(tong)(tong)，個別出(chu)入之處在(zai)《金(jin)針(zhen)撥障術大(da)師(shi)黃(huang)(huang)庭鏡》一書(shu)(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)有詳盡(jin)的考訂。［3］故(gu)《聯目(mu)(mu)(mu)》《目(mu)(mu)(mu)科正宗》（09031）和《目(mu)(mu)(mu)經(jing)大(da)成》（09032）應予合并(bing)，兩書(shu)(shu)可按不同(tong)(tong)版本(ben)處理。
《聯目(mu)》中同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)書(shu)(shu)異名(ming)問題(ti)較為(wei)混亂(luan)，以(yi)致近(jin)年新出版(ban)的(de)(de)大(da)型工具(ju)書(shu)(shu)仍蹈其(qi)(qi)覆轍，將本(ben)(ben)(ben)屬于同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)內(nei)容的(de)(de)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)文(wen)獻，另作一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)書(shu)(shu)介(jie)紹，使多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)書(shu)(shu)異名(ming)的(de)(de)著作長(chang)期未能澄(cheng)清(qing)。其(qi)(qi)中蔚(yu)為(wei)大(da)觀的(de)(de)是(shi)清(qing)代(dai)的(de)(de)《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)良方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》，粗略統計(ji)該書(shu)(shu)以(yi)近(jin)40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)書(shu)(shu)名(ming)出現，內(nei)容相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)或稍有增易(yi)(yi)，實為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)書(shu)(shu)。這在《聯目(mu)》編(bian)纂時(shi)已(yi)有注意，如在程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)應(ying)驗(yan)良方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》（08995）條下列(lie)“又名(ming)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)先生眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)良方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)”。［1］惜與(yu)此(ci)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)類明(ming)(ming)·程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玠(jie)（文(wen)玉、松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)）撰(zhuan)《歙西槐(huai)塘(tang)松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)先生眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)家(jia)傳(chuan)秘本(ben)(ben)(ben)》（08996）、（古歙槐(huai)塘(tang)）《程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)》（08997）又名(ming)《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘要》明(ming)(ming)·程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玠(jie)（文(wen)玉、松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)）撰(zhuan)、清(qing)·程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玠(jie)正通（松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)）撰(zhuan)《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)易(yi)(yi)知錄》、（08998）清(qing)·程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正通（松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)）撰(zhuan)《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》、（08999）明(ming)(ming)·程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玠(jie)（文(wen)玉、松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)）撰(zhuan)《經驗(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘書(shu)(shu)》（09000）、明(ming)(ming)·程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玠(jie)（文(wen)玉、松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)）撰(zhuan)清(qing)·潘(pan)化(hua)成編(bian)《程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)咽喉秘集》（09001）、《匯治眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)目(mu)痛藥性及治諸病之方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》（09002）共計(ji)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)未能歸(gui)入此(ci)類。《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)良方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》（09026），《聯目(mu)》中有“又名(ming)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)氏眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)、葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)天(tian)(tian)(tian)士(shi)(shi)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)”，［1］但(dan)對《葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)天(tian)(tian)(tian)士(shi)(shi)真(zhen)傳(chuan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)》（09023）、《葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)氏眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)》（09027）、《葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)天(tian)(tian)(tian)士(shi)(shi)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)良方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)集》（09028）、原(yuan)題(ti)清(qing)·葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)桂（天(tian)(tian)(tian)士(shi)(shi)、香(xiang)巖(yan)、南陽先生）撰(zhuan)，孫沐賢編(bian)《良方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)合編(bian)》（09126）、清(qing)·孫沐賢撰(zhuan)《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)良方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》（09152）等又別(bie)列(lie)編(bian)號(hao)，實際上(shang)(shang)它們與(yu)上(shang)(shang)述(shu)《程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)松(song)(song)(song)崖(ya)先生眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)》內(nei)容相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，應(ying)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)書(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)版(ban)本(ben)(ben)(ben)，書(shu)(shu)商主要以(yi)上(shang)(shang)述(shu)二位名(ming)人相(xiang)號(hao)召。另外(wai)，《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)神(shen)應(ying)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)（附(fu)經驗(yan)百(bai)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)）》（09054）、《經驗(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘書(shu)(shu)》（09061）、清(qing)·程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)洛(luo)東(dong)訂，光緒二十(shi)年甲午(wu)（1894年）京江寶善堂刻本(ben)(ben)(ben)《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)寶籍》（09083）、首都圖書(shu)(shu)館光緒七年《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)神(shen)效(xiao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》、河南省圖書(shu)(shu)館《治眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)良方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》（葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)天(tian)(tian)(tian)士(shi)(shi)真(zhen)傳(chuan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)）、天(tian)(tian)(tian)津中醫學院(yuan)《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)天(tian)(tian)(tian)士(shi)(shi)撰(zhuan)、上(shang)(shang)海明(ming)(ming)善書(shu)(shu)局石印本(ben)(ben)(ben)等也改頭換面，經查均(jun)屬同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)內(nei)容。天(tian)(tian)(tian)津醫學專科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學校《治目(mu)仙方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》（蔚(yu)先生家(jia)藏秘本(ben)(ben)(ben)）抄本(ben)(ben)(ben)、上(shang)(shang)海圖書(shu)(shu)館《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘傳(chuan)》抄本(ben)(ben)(ben)、南京圖書(shu)(shu)館《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》（葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)天(tian)(tian)(tian)士(shi)(shi)先生眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)部濟驗(yan)良方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》民國(guo)三年抄本(ben)(ben)(ben)、國(guo)家(jia)圖書(shu)(shu)館《眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》抄本(ben)(ben)(ben)等，也與(yu)上(shang)(shang)述(shu)內(nei)容相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，均(jun)屬同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)書(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)名(ming)稱。
《簡名眼(yan)科學(xue)》（09150）系紹興裘吉生(sheng)先生(sheng)“紹興醫藥學(xue)報(bao)社”組織(zhi)編輯刊(kan)行的“國醫百家”第八種，山東諸城王(wang)桂林、肖舫增(zeng)注(zhu)，古(gu)歙(she)槐塘(tang)程松崖著(zhu)(zhu)，選自(zi)“程松崖先生(sheng)遺著(zhu)(zhu)眼(yan)科全方集一(yi)(yi)書(shu)，互相評按，增(zeng)圖加(jia)方，各(ge)(ge)出(chu)心(xin)得，抉發精微。”（見增(zeng)注(zhu)序），其“合注(zhu)凡(fan)例”中(zhong)又有“此書(shu)原本系古(gu)歙(she)槐塘(tang)程松崖先生(sheng)著(zhu)(zhu)”，“本書(shu)原著(zhu)(zhu)僅(jin)十(shi)七(qi)癥，今(jin)王(wang)氏補添三癥共二十(shi)癥，并加(jia)癥圖及五(wu)陣法(fa)洗點各(ge)(ge)法(fa)。”書(shu)中(zhong)所(suo)用(yong)原序為同治十(shi)一(yi)(yi)年“潯江林植(zhi)棠(tang)”序，［4］雖名稱具近代色(se)彩，內容有所(suo)增(zeng)加(jia)，可(ke)見仍屬《眼(yan)科良方》。
廣陵陸天醫撰《簡(jian)明眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘訣(jue)(jue)》附(fu)喉(hou)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘方（09153），1922年上海廣雅(ya)書局石印本。該書內容雖較《眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)良方》為多(duo)，但主要系摘自前(qian)代(dai)眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)而成，其中有治喉(hou)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)方，最(zui)新簡(jian)明眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘訣(jue)(jue)，附(fu)錄平易緒方及內障、流淚(lei)、赤翳、眼(yan)翳4種歌(ge)訣(jue)(jue)幾個(ge)部(bu)分，其中主體(ti)《簡(jian)明眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)秘訣(jue)(jue)》即《眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)良方》，只是(shi)附(fu)方較早(zao)期(qi)版(ban)本略(lve)多(duo)。因此(ci)，本書亦可歸入《眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)良方》的同書異名(ming)范疇(chou)，只是(shi)情況(kuang)更為復雜一些而已。
此(ci)書(shu)作者(zhe)中(zhong)(zhong)明代(dai)程(cheng)玠與(yu)程(cheng)正通(tong)之(zhi)間因均號松崖(ya)，兩者(zhe)相(xiang)混是(shi)顯(xian)而(er)易見的(de)(de)。本(ben)書(shu)現(xian)存(cun)(cun)早(zao)期版本(ben)為(wei)道光初年(nian)托(tuo)(tuo)名葉天(tian)士的(de)(de)《眼科(ke)良(liang)(liang)方(fang)》，故托(tuo)(tuo)名刊(kan)行也非常明顯(xian)。既(ji)屬托(tuo)(tuo)名，其(qi)成書(shu)年(nian)代(dai)就不(bu)應(ying)以(yi)程(cheng)松崖(ya)在世(shi)的(de)(de)明代(dai)為(wei)根據(ju)，《聯目(mu)》中(zhong)(zhong)該(gai)(gai)書(shu)從（程(cheng)松崖(ya)先生）《眼科(ke)應(ying)驗(yan)良(liang)(liang)方(fang)》（08995）到《匯治(zhi)眼目(mu)痛(tong)藥性及(ji)(ji)治(zhi)諸病之(zhi)方(fang)》（09002）共計(ji)8種(zhong)醫(yi)書(shu)安排(pai)在僅次于《原機啟微》，而(er)早(zao)于《眼科(ke)龍木(mu)論(lun)》的(de)(de)位(wei)置，顯(xian)然不(bu)當。明顯(xian)應(ying)將其(qi)位(wei)置后(hou)移，如以(yi)該(gai)(gai)書(shu)現(xian)存(cun)(cun)最早(zao)的(de)(de)版本(ben)見于道光年(nian)間，其(qi)他版本(ben)集中(zhong)(zhong)于晚(wan)(wan)清，似應(ying)安排(pai)在文(wen)永周編《一草亭眼科(ke)全(quan)集》（09048）之(zhi)后(hou)為(wei)是(shi)。當然，其(qi)成書(shu)年(nian)代(dai)的(de)(de)最后(hou)確定尚(shang)有待對該(gai)(gai)書(shu)處方(fang)出處的(de)(de)考察及(ji)(ji)其(qi)他相(xiang)關線索的(de)(de)研究。但該(gai)(gai)書(shu)內容簡明，不(bu)符(fu)合明代(dai)后(hou)期醫(yi)書(shu)內容偏于多(duo)而(er)全(quan)，喜總結匯聚的(de)(de)特點，與(yu)晚(wan)(wan)清普(pu)及(ji)(ji)醫(yi)書(shu)及(ji)(ji)各科(ke)實(shi)用方(fang)劑流(liu)行相(xiang)吻合，兼之(zhi)此(ci)書(shu)各種(zhong)版本(ben)都來(lai)源于晚(wan)(wan)清多(duo)種(zhong)傳(chuan)世(shi)抄本(ben)，提示(shi)此(ci)書(shu)多(duo)成書(shu)于清代(dai)。
《異(yi)(yi)(yi)授眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)》（09009）著者(zhe)佚名，《異(yi)(yi)(yi)授眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)秘(mi)(mi)旨(zhi)》（09013）題(ti)明·李涿鹿撰，《眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)秘(mi)(mi)旨(zhi)》（09086）著者(zhe)佚名，三書(shu)內(nei)容完(wan)全(quan)一(yi)致，也屬(shu)同書(shu)異(yi)(yi)(yi)名。《異(yi)(yi)(yi)授眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)病癥問答》（09052）系(xi)文永(yong)周錄自《異(yi)(yi)(yi)授眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)》。《一(yi)草亭目(mu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)全(quan)書(shu)·異(yi)(yi)(yi)授眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)》（09011）曾以《啟蒙真(zhen)締》書(shu)名出版(ban)，蘇州大學(xue)(xue)有題(ti)清(qing)(qing)·鄧苑的光(guang)緒八年(nian)石(shi)印本(ben)，河南中醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)院有題(ti)清(qing)(qing)·張壽六(liu)（拙我(wo)）民國(guo)(guo)年(nian)間(jian)石(shi)印本(ben)。《一(yi)草亭目(mu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)全(quan)書(shu)·異(yi)(yi)(yi)授眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)》（09011）中第3種版(ban)本(ben)清(qing)(qing)·光(guang)緒十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)乙(yi)酉（1885年(nian)）暨陽陳誥刻(ke)本(ben)，扉頁另(ling)作《眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)秘(mi)(mi)書(shu)》，藏本(ben)也不(bu)僅中國(guo)(guo)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)院一(yi)處，上海圖書(shu)館、浙(zhe)江中醫(yi)藥研究院均(jun)藏，各館以《眼(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)秘(mi)(mi)書(shu)》編目(mu)，不(bu)知情者(zhe)多(duo)以為另(ling)有其書(shu)。
佚名《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)奇(qi)書(shu)》（09073）、廖政參訂《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)宜書(shu)》（09137）、孫本端編《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)奇(qi)書(shu)》（09158）與劉(liu)熔經編《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)仙方(fang)》（09202），諸書(shu)內(nei)容相同，其中僅《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)仙方(fang)》內(nei)容順序(xu)出入較大。
浙江中醫藥(yao)研(yan)究院(yuan)《眼科秘集》（《聯目》缺載(zai)）系抄自《孫真人眼科秘訣》（09020）。
《石(shi)氏(shi)家(jia)傳(chuan)眼科》（09112）、《石(shi)氏(shi)家(jia)傳(chuan)眼科應驗良方》（09113）與《石(shi)氏(shi)四代家(jia)傳(chuan)眼科全書》（09114）也屬同書異名(ming)。
《眼科切要(yao)(yao)歌》（09180）著(zhu)者佚(yi)名，抄本，系(xi)抄自《眼科切要(yao)(yao)》（09053）
以上(shang)同書(shu)(shu)異名(ming)諸書(shu)(shu)往(wang)往(wang)有一(yi)(yi)個(ge)較為(wei)特別的(de)(de)現象，即多(duo)種(zhong)醫(yi)書(shu)(shu)由一(yi)(yi)位醫(yi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)所著，這種(zhong)情(qing)況值得(de)警惕。眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)性強，內(nei)容較為(wei)局限(xian)，絕大多(duo)數醫(yi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)終其(qi)一(yi)(yi)生(sheng)多(duo)只有一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)著述(shu)(shu)。二是(shi)眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)醫(yi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)中名(ming)家(jia)(jia)(jia)少(shao)，綜合(he)實力(li)不(bu)如中醫(yi)經典、內(nei)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等(deng)學科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，尤其(qi)在理論上(shang)有創見(jian)、有功力(li)者(zhe)少(shao)，不(bu)大可能出現著作(zuo)(zuo)等(deng)身(shen)的(de)(de)情(qing)況。因此，如前述(shu)(shu)程松崖、葉天(tian)士(shi)那樣一(yi)(yi)人(ren)兼有多(duo)本眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)書(shu)(shu)，就很值得(de)懷疑(yi)，需要(yao)進一(yi)(yi)步考證。當然，如果作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)和(he)書(shu)(shu)名(ming)均相同或相似，就更令(ling)人(ren)生(sheng)疑(yi)了，如《石氏(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)傳眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)》等(deng)。但晚清王錫鑫一(yi)(yi)人(ren)著有《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)切要(yao)》（09053）、《光明(ming)眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)》（《聯目》缺(que)載）、《日月(yue)眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)》（09055）3種(zhong)眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)書(shu)(shu)，各書(shu)(shu)內(nei)容雖有部分重復，但多(duo)數內(nei)容及結構體例(li)不(bu)同，仍應視作(zuo)(zuo)3種(zhong)不(bu)同文獻(xian)，當作(zuo)(zuo)特例(li)。其(qi)中重要(yao)原因是(shi)這3種(zhong)書(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)內(nei)容大多(duo)是(shi)據他書(shu)(shu)輯錄匯編總結而成，并(bing)不(bu)完全是(shi)王氏(shi)個(ge)人(ren)的(de)(de)經驗心(xin)得(de)，其(qi)中尤以《眼(yan)(yan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)切要(yao)》為(wei)典型。
同(tong)(tong)名異書的情(qing)況(kuang)在(zai)眼(yan)科文(wen)獻也非常普(pu)遍，僅(jin)南京(jing)圖書館(guan)(guan)的《眼(yan)科秘(mi)方》就(jiu)有內容各不(bu)相同(tong)(tong)的4種抄(chao)本(ben)(ben)，全國各館(guan)(guan)相同(tong)(tong)的就(jiu)更(geng)多，尤以眼(yan)科抄(chao)本(ben)(ben)較為(wei)集中。抄(chao)本(ben)(ben)多稱秘(mi)書、秘(mi)方、秘(mi)傳(chuan)，這樣(yang)一來(lai)，書名相同(tong)(tong)，內容實異者比比皆是(shi)，不(bu)足為(wei)奇。對此《聯(lian)目》也未能通過不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的版本(ben)(ben)和不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的抄(chao)錄時間等(deng)予以區別。
版本失誤
同(tong)書異名各書實際上(shang)均可作不(bu)同(tong)版(ban)本(ben)處理。版(ban)本(ben)中較為明顯的錯誤是《眼科(ke)良方》（09026），其第9種版(ban)本(ben)是清·會稽烏程(cheng)汪氏刻(ke)本(ben)，與《葉氏眼科(ke)》（09027）清光緒(xu)三年丁丑（1877年）會稽烏程(cheng)汪曰禎刻(ke)本(ben)，兩書位置(zhi)相鄰，內容相同(tong)，刻(ke)書時(shi)間(jian)、地點(dian)及刻(ke)書人也相同(tong)，如(ru)稍加注意(yi)、對比，即(ji)可發現完全是同(tong)一種書，將不(bu)致(zhi)出(chu)現僅(jin)因書名的不(bu)同(tong)而另列編(bian)號。
《審視瑤函(han)》（09008）康(kang)熙六(liu)年(nian)(nian)刻本與(yu)道光(guang)十年(nian)(nian)刻本時隔163年(nian)(nian)，頗(po)令人(ren)生疑，經(jing)查(cha)南京醫科大(da)學有嘉(jia)慶己卯(mao)年(nian)(nian)同文堂刻本，山東中醫藥大(da)學有嘉(jia)慶二十五年(nian)(nian)庚辰（1820年(nian)(nian)）山淵(yuan)堂木刻本。
據點校《明(ming)目(mu)至寶》者提(ti)供(gong)的線索，《明(ming)目(mu)至寶》（09006）共有國家(jia)圖書館元版明(ming)印本、天津中醫學院明(ming)版本、中國中醫研究院明(ming)萬歷(li)刊本、陜(shan)西中醫學院手(shou)抄本共4種(zhong)版本，［5］而《聯目(mu)》僅(jin)載中國中醫研究院一種(zhong)，顯(xian)然(ran)不(bu)全。
《孫真(zhen)人眼科秘(mi)訣》（09020）與(yu)《孫真(zhen)人眼科秘(mi)訣》（09021）也應按不(bu)同版(ban)本處理，不(bu)應另列編號。
有關(guan)藏書地也有一些錯誤，如《一草亭眼(yan)科(ke)全書》（09010），清·乾隆二十九(jiu)年甲申（1764年）雙(shuang)桂堂刻本藏于福建醫科(ke)大(da)學，即(ji)不符實，筆者在該(gai)校圖(tu)書館(guan)配合下遍查無著，后從該(gai)館(guan)編目工作(zuo)人員(yuan)處才得知從無此書。《眼(yan)科(ke)要方》（09029）清·岳望撰(zhuan)，也不是收藏在南(nan)京(jing)醫科(ke)大(da)學，而是南(nan)京(jing)中醫藥(yao)大(da)學。
書中一(yi)些題為稿本者也多不符實，實屬抄本。如《眼科指南》（09164），曹炳章（赤電）編(bian)，浙(zhe)江中醫藥(yao)研(yan)究院藏。
造成這種狀況的主要原(yuan)因(yin)，與(yu)編纂(zuan)者不(bu)是眼科專(zhuan)(zhuan)業人員(yuan)，對文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)具(ju)(ju)體內容(rong)不(bu)熟悉(xi)，未能(neng)仔細閱讀原(yuan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)，多是僅據書(shu)(shu)(shu)名(ming)編目(mu)有(you)關。就本(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)所討論的情(qing)況來看，如(ru)果(guo)編輯《聯目(mu)》時能(neng)有(you)各(ge)學(xue)科專(zhuan)(zhuan)家參與(yu)，當可(ke)減少失誤，可(ke)能(neng)對文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)編排中(zhong)(zhong)同書(shu)(shu)(shu)異名(ming)等一些(xie)學(xue)術問題可(ke)以(yi)處理得更為恰當。一些(xie)專(zhuan)(zhuan)科文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)的學(xue)術內容(rong)，單靠圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)館專(zhuan)(zhuan)業人員(yuan)完成有(you)較大困難(nan)，必(bi)須多學(xue)科合作。這在今后《聯目(mu)》修訂(ding)或類似工具(ju)(ju)書(shu)(shu)(shu)編撰(zhuan)中(zhong)(zhong)都應注(zhu)意(yi)。
以上是筆者據本(ben)(ben)人近年收藏的眼(yan)科(ke)文(wen)獻及多次去各地圖(tu)書館查(cha)閱眼(yan)科(ke)文(wen)獻的初步結果，待(dai)眼(yan)科(ke)文(wen)獻資料收集工作(zuo)全部結束后，也可能會有(you)一些新的補充。其(qi)中(zhong)有(you)關版本(ben)(ben)、同名異(yi)書及眼(yan)科(ke)抄本(ben)(ben)問(wen)題，因(yin)內(nei)容(rong)十(shi)分復(fu)雜，未及系統整(zheng)理，文(wen)中(zhong)僅有(you)少量涉(she)及，將另文(wen)專題討論。
參考文獻
［1］ 中國中醫(yi)研究院(yuan)圖(tu)書(shu)館編.全國中醫(yi)圖(tu)書(shu)聯合目錄(lu)［M］.北京：中醫(yi)古(gu)籍出版社，1991：571～583.
［2］ 清·黃庭鏡(jing)著.盧丙辰，張(zhang)鄧民點校.目(mu)經大成［M］.北京：中(zhong)醫古(gu)籍(ji)出版社，1989：3.
［3］ 高健生編著.金針(zhen)撥障術(shu)大師黃庭鏡［M］.北京(jing)：中(zhong)國科技出版社，1989：4～5.
［4］ 古歙槐塘程松崖著(zhu).王桂林增注.簡名眼科學［M］.紹興醫藥(yao)學報社發(fa)行(xing)，1918：提要，凡例，原序，1.
［5］ 元·無名(ming)氏撰.魏淳，張智(zhi)軍點校.明目至室［M］.北京：人民(min)衛生(sheng)出版社(she)，1992：3～5.
（本(ben)文資料主(zhu)要由成都(dou)(dou)中(zhong)醫(yi)藥大(da)學(xue)眼科(ke)重點學(xue)科(ke)建(jian)設經費資助(zhu)調研(yan)。承上海、南(nan)(nan)京、河南(nan)(nan)省、安徽省、山(shan)西省、山(shan)東省、中(zhong)研(yan)院(yuan)(yuan)、中(zhong)科(ke)院(yuan)(yuan)、中(zhong)山(shan)蘇州(zhou)、首(shou)(shou)都(dou)(dou)圖書(shu)館、北(bei)京、上海、南(nan)(nan)京、山(shan)東、廣州(zhou)，成都(dou)(dou)中(zhong)醫(yi)藥大(da)學(xue)，天津、河南(nan)(nan)、長春、安徽中(zhong)醫(yi)學(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)，浙江、山(shan)西中(zhong)醫(yi)藥研(yan)究院(yuan)(yuan)、蘇州(zhou)、四川(chuan)大(da)學(xue)、南(nan)(nan)京、山(shan)西醫(yi)科(ke)大(da)學(xue)，天津醫(yi)學(xue)專科(ke)學(xue)校、首(shou)(shou)都(dou)(dou)醫(yi)科(ke)大(da)學(xue)中(zhong)醫(yi)藥學(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)等圖書(shu)館大(da)力支(zhi)持，特此致(zhi)謝!）
成都中(zhong)醫藥大學（四川，610075） 和中(zhong)浚
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