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當歸六黃湯治療自汗嗎?

藥哥明白 2023-12-24 04:35:20

答案是肯定的,但(dan)應該有正(zheng)規的中醫指導用藥。

當歸六黃湯方約(yue)有5首,人們(men)常用(yong)的是(shi)指李東垣《蘭室秘藏(zang)》的組方。

藥(yao)物組成:當歸、生地黃(huang)(huang)、熟地黃(huang)(huang)、黃(huang)(huang)柏、黃(huang)(huang)芩、黃(huang)(huang)連各等分(fen),黃(huang)(huang)芪(qi)加倍。

功效(xiao)主(zhu)治(zhi):本(ben)方(fang)可(ke)用(yong)于陰虛火(huo)(huo)旺(wang)(wang),迫(po)液(ye)外泄的自(zi)汗。因本(ben)方(fang)滋陰清熱之力(li)較強,又(you)能直瀉(xie)虛火(huo)(huo)。治(zhi)療陰虛火(huo)(huo)旺(wang)(wang)盜(dao)汗。發熱,盜(dao)汗,面赤(chi)心煩,口(kou)干唇燥,大(da)便(bian)干結,小(xiao)便(bian)黃(huang)赤(chi),舌紅苔黃(huang),脈數(shu)等癥。本(ben)方(fang)可(ke)用(yong)于甲亢、結核病、產后發熱等病屬陰虛火(huo)(huo)旺(wang)(wang)者,效(xiao)果(guo)確切。

加減用法:若陰虛而(er)實火較輕者,可去黃連、黃芩(qin),加知母,;汗出(chu)甚者,可加五味子,浮小麥(mai)、山萸肉(rou)增強止汗作用;若陰虛陽亢,潮(chao)熱頰赤突出(chu)者,加地骨皮(pi)、白(bai)芍(shao)、龜(gui)板(ban)滋陰潛陽。來(lai)自(zi):求助(zhu)得到的回答

答案是肯定(ding)的,但應(ying)該有正規的中(zhong)醫指導用(yong)藥(yao)。當(dang)歸(gui)六(liu)黃(huang)湯方約有5首,人們(men)常(chang)用(yong)的是指李東垣《蘭室秘藏(zang)》的組(zu)方。藥(yao)物組(zu)成:當(dang)歸(gui)、生地黃(huang)、熟(shu)地黃(huang)、黃(huang)柏、黃(huang)芩、黃(huang)連各(ge)等(deng)分,黃(huang)芪加(jia)(jia)(jia)倍。功效主治:本(ben)(ben)方可(ke)(ke)用(yong)于陰(yin)虛火(huo)(huo)(huo)旺(wang),迫液(ye)外(wai)泄的自(zi)汗。因本(ben)(ben)方滋陰(yin)清熱之力較(jiao)強,又(you)能直瀉(xie)虛火(huo)(huo)(huo)。治療陰(yin)虛火(huo)(huo)(huo)旺(wang)盜汗。發(fa)(fa)熱,盜汗,面赤心(xin)煩,口(kou)干唇燥,大便干結,小便黃(huang)赤,舌(she)紅(hong)苔黃(huang),脈(mo)數等(deng)癥。本(ben)(ben)方可(ke)(ke)用(yong)于甲亢、結核病(bing)、產后(hou)發(fa)(fa)熱等(deng)病(bing)屬(shu)陰(yin)虛火(huo)(huo)(huo)旺(wang)者(zhe)(zhe),效果確切。加(jia)(jia)(jia)減(jian)用(yong)法:若陰(yin)虛而實火(huo)(huo)(huo)較(jiao)輕(qing)者(zhe)(zhe),可(ke)(ke)去黃(huang)連、黃(huang)芩,加(jia)(jia)(jia)知母,;汗出甚(shen)者(zhe)(zhe),可(ke)(ke)加(jia)(jia)(jia)五味子,浮(fu)小麥、山萸肉增強止(zhi)汗作(zuo)用(yong);若陰(yin)虛陽亢,潮熱頰赤突出者(zhe)(zhe),加(jia)(jia)(jia)地骨皮(pi)、白芍、龜板滋陰(yin)潛(qian)陽。

當歸六黃湯簡介

目錄 1 拼音 2 英文參考 3 概述 4 《蘭室秘藏·自汗門》方之當歸六黃湯 4.1 處方 4.2 制法 4.3 功能主治 4.4 當歸六黃湯的用法用量 4.5 方解 4.6 臨床運用 4.7 現代適應證 4.7.1 急性黃疸性肝炎 4.7.2 急性扁桃體炎 4.7.3 缺鐵性貧血 4.7.4 病毒性心肌炎 4.8 當歸六黃湯的藥理作用 4.8.1 抗病原微生物作用 4.8.2 抗炎、抗氧化損傷作用 4.8.3 對免疫功能的影響 4.8.4 對心血管系統及血液流變學的影響 4.8.5 對神經、內分泌系統的影響 4.8.6 對造血功能的影響 4.8.7 對消化系統功能的影響 4.8.8 其他 4.9 歌訣 4.10 出處 5 《麻癥集成》卷上方之當歸六黃湯 5.1 處方 5.2 功能主治 5.3 出處 6 《麻癥集成》卷三方之當歸六黃湯 6.1 組成 6.2 功能主治 6.3 當歸六黃湯的用法用量 6.4 出處 7 《寒溫條辨》卷五方之當歸六黃湯 7.1 處方 7.2 功能主治 7.3 當歸六黃湯的用法用量 7.4 出處 8 《傷寒全生集》卷二方之當歸六黃湯 8.1 組成 8.2 功能主治 8.3 當歸六黃湯的用法用量 8.4 附注 8.5 出處 9 參考資料 附: 1 古籍中的當歸六黃湯 1 拼音

dāng guī liù huáng tāng

2 英文參考

Danggui Liuhuang Tang [21世紀(ji)雙語(yu)科技(ji)詞典]

danggui liuhuang decoction [中醫藥(yao)學名詞審定委員會.中醫藥(yao)學名詞(2004)]

3 概述

當(dang)歸六黃(huang)湯同名(ming)方劑約有五首,其中《蘭室秘藏(zang)》卷下所記載者為常(chang)用方。其組成為當(dang)歸9g、生地(di)黃(huang)9g、黃(huang)芩9g、黃(huang)柏9g、黃(huang)連9g、熟地(di)黃(huang)9g、黃(huang)芪(qi)18g,具有滋陰瀉火,固(gu)表止汗之功效(xiao)。主治因陰虛火旺,陰液(ye)不守所致的盜汗證(zheng),現代常(chang)用于治療結核病、甲狀腺功能亢進、更年期綜合征等病癥汗出異(yi)常(chang)而屬(shu)于陰虛火旺者。

4 《蘭室秘藏·自汗門》方之當歸六黃湯 4.1 處方

當歸、生地黃、熟地黃、黃連、黃芩、黃柏各等分(fen),黃芪量加一(yi)倍[1]。

當歸9g、生地黃(huang)9g、黃(huang)芩9g、黃(huang)柏9g、黃(huang)連9g、熟地黃(huang)9g、黃(huang)芪18g[2]

當歸(gui)、生地(di)黃(huang)、熟地(di)黃(huang)、黃(huang)柏、黃(huang)芩、黃(huang)連(lian)各等分,黃(huang)芪加倍(bei)[3]。

4.2 制法

上藥為粗末[1]

上為粗末[3]。

4.3 功能主治

《蘭室秘藏·自汗(han)門》方(fang)之當(dang)歸六黃湯功(gong)能滋(zi)陰清熱(re),固表止(zhi)汗(han)[1]。主治陰虛有火而致的盜(dao)汗(han)發熱(re),面(mian)赤(chi)(chi)口干(gan)、心煩唇燥,便難(nan)尿赤(chi)(chi),舌紅脈數者[1]。

滋陰清熱(re),固(gu)表止汗(han)[2]。主(zhu)治陰虛火旺(wang)盜汗(han)證[2]。癥見發熱(re)盜汗(han),面赤心煩,口干唇燥,小便(bian)黃(huang)赤,大便(bian)干結,舌紅苔黃(huang),脈數[2]。亦治自汗(han)。

4.4 當歸六黃湯的用法用量

每服(fu)五錢,水煎(jian),食前(qian)服(fu),小兒(er)量減(jian)半[1]。

每服15克,用水300毫(hao)升,煎(jian)至150毫(hao)升,空腹(fu)服。小兒減半。

每服五(wu)錢(qian),水二盞,煎(jian)至一盞,食前服,小兒減半[3]

4.5 方解

方中(zhong)當歸(gui)、生(sheng)地(di)黃(huang)(huang)、熟地(di)黃(huang)(huang)滋陰養血以清(qing)熱,使水足(zu)則能制火;黃(huang)(huang)連、黃(huang)(huang)芩、黃(huang)(huang)柏清(qing)熱瀉火以堅陰,使火去則不傷陰;然夜寐(mei)盜(dao)(dao)汗時(shi)肌表衛(wei)氣(qi)不足(zu),故(gu)用(yong)黃(huang)(huang)芪益(yi)氣(qi)固表以止汗[1]。七藥(yao)相合,陰平陽秘,火不內擾,肌表得固,津液內守,盜(dao)(dao)汗可止[1]。

全方六味,以補陰為主,佐(zuo)以瀉火(huo)(huo)之(zhi)藥(yao)(yao),陰血(xue)安定,盜(dao)汗自(zi)止(zhi)[2]。故《蘭(lan)室秘藏》稱(cheng)其為"盜(dao)汗之(zhi)圣藥(yao)(yao)"[2]。本方榮(rong)衛兼顧,后世又用以治療(liao)陰虛火(huo)(huo)旺之(zhi)自(zi)汗證[2]。

當歸(gui)(gui)六黃(huang)湯為(wei)(wei)(wei)治(zhi)療陰(yin)(yin)(yin)虛火(huo)(huo)(huo)旺的盜(dao)汗(han)(han)(han)(han)而設(she)[4]。因腎水不(bu)(bu)(bu)足,不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)上濟(ji)心(xin)火(huo)(huo)(huo),則(ze)(ze)心(xin)火(huo)(huo)(huo)偏亢(kang),陰(yin)(yin)(yin)虛則(ze)(ze)火(huo)(huo)(huo)愈旺,火(huo)(huo)(huo)旺則(ze)(ze)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)液(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)守,蒸(zheng)越外出,故見以(yi)(yi)盜(dao)汗(han)(han)(han)(han)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主的諸(zhu)種(zhong)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)虛火(huo)(huo)(huo)旺表(biao)(biao)現[4]。治(zhi)宜滋(zi)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re),固(gu)(gu)表(biao)(biao)止汗(han)(han)(han)(han)[4]。方(fang)中當歸(gui)(gui)、生地(di)、熟地(di)入肝(gan)腎而滋(zi)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)養血,陰(yin)(yin)(yin)血充則(ze)(ze)水能(neng)制火(huo)(huo)(huo),為(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)中君藥(yao)[4]。盜(dao)汗(han)(han)(han)(han)因火(huo)(huo)(huo)旺迫陰(yin)(yin)(yin),水不(bu)(bu)(bu)濟(ji)火(huo)(huo)(huo),故臣以(yi)(yi)黃(huang)連(lian)、黃(huang)芩、黃(huang)柏,三(san)黃(huang)以(yi)(yi)瀉(xie)火(huo)(huo)(huo)除煩(fan),合(he)苦以(yi)(yi)堅(jian)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)之意;熱(re)(re)(re)清(qing)(qing)則(ze)(ze)火(huo)(huo)(huo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)內擾,陰(yin)(yin)(yin)堅(jian)則(ze)(ze)汗(han)(han)(han)(han)不(bu)(bu)(bu)外泄,合(he)君藥(yao)以(yi)(yi)育(yu)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)[4]。由于(yu)汗(han)(han)(han)(han)出過多,表(biao)(biao)氣不(bu)(bu)(bu)固(gu)(gu),故倍用黃(huang)芪以(yi)(yi)益(yi)氣實衛(wei)、固(gu)(gu)表(biao)(biao)止汗(han)(han)(han)(han),又可合(he)當歸(gui)(gui)、熟地(di)以(yi)(yi)益(yi)氣養血[4]。綜觀全方(fang),其配伍特(te)點,一是(shi)養血育(yu)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)與(yu)瀉(xie)火(huo)(huo)(huo)除熱(re)(re)(re)并進,養陰(yin)(yin)(yin)以(yi)(yi)治(zhi)本(ben),瀉(xie)火(huo)(huo)(huo)以(yi)(yi)治(zhi)標(biao)(biao),使陰(yin)(yin)(yin)固(gu)(gu)而水能(neng)治(zhi)火(huo)(huo)(huo),熱(re)(re)(re)清(qing)(qing)則(ze)(ze)耗陰(yin)(yin)(yin)無由;二是(shi)益(yi)氣固(gu)(gu)表(biao)(biao)與(yu)育(yu)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)瀉(xie)火(huo)(huo)(huo)相(xiang)配,育(yu)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)瀉(xie)火(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben),益(yi)氣固(gu)(gu)表(biao)(biao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)標(biao)(biao),以(yi)(yi)使營陰(yin)(yin)(yin)內守,衛(wei)外固(gu)(gu)密(mi)[4]。諸(zhu)藥(yao)合(he)用,則(ze)(ze)有滋(zi)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)、固(gu)(gu)表(biao)(biao)止汗(han)(han)(han)(han)之功,于(yu)是(shi)內熱(re)(re)(re)、外汗(han)(han)(han)(han)皆可相(xiang)應(ying)而愈[4]。

4.6 臨床運用

當歸六黃湯是治(zhi)療陰(yin)虛火旺盜(dao)汗證的常用方(fang)劑[2]。凡臨床(chuang)上出現(xian)了以盜(dao)汗、面赤(chi)、心煩、溲赤(chi)、舌紅(hong)、脈數等為(wei)主(zhu)要表(biao)現(xian)者,即可使(shi)用本方(fang)加減治(zhi)療[2]。

加(jia)(jia)減法(fa):若陰(yin)虛而內火不(bu)旺者,可(ke)去黃連(lian)、黃柏,加(jia)(jia)知(zhi)母、玄參清熱瀉(xie)火而不(bu)傷(shang)陰(yin);盜汗盛者,可(ke)加(jia)(jia)烏梅(mei)、浮小(xiao)麥、煅(duan)牡蠣等斂營止(zhi)汗[2]。

使(shi)用注意:脾胃虛弱,食少便溏者不宜使(shi)用本方[2]。

4.7 現代適應證

[5]

當歸六(liu)黃湯(tang)現代常(chang)用于治療結核病、甲(jia)狀腺(xian)功能亢(kang)進(jin)、更(geng)年期綜合(he)征等病癥汗(han)出異(yi)常(chang)而屬于陰(yin)虛火旺者[2]。

當歸六黃(huang)湯適(shi)用于急性(xing)(xing)扁桃(tao)體炎(yan)、急性(xing)(xing)黃(huang)疸(dan)性(xing)(xing)肝炎(yan)、病毒性(xing)(xing)心肌(ji)炎(yan)、缺鐵性(xing)(xing)貧血(xue)見盜(dao)汗、面赤心煩者(zhe)。

4.7.1 急性黃疸性肝炎

急性(xing)黃(huang)(huang)疸(dan)(dan)型(xing)肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)大(da)多是(shi)由肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)病毒(du)(du)(du)經消化道傳(chuan)播的(de)一種傳(chuan)染病,常見的(de)有甲、乙、丙、丁(ding)、戊、己、庚7種肝(gan)(gan)炎(yan)病毒(du)(du)(du)感(gan)染所致(zhi),但其(qi)他如巨細(xi)胞(bao)病毒(du)(du)(du)等也(ye)可(ke)感(gan)染。其(qi)發病機理尚(shang)不(bu)十分清楚。有學者(zhe)(zhe)認(ren)為(wei)是(shi)病毒(du)(du)(du)直接損(sun)傷肝(gan)(gan)臟,但大(da)多數認(ren)為(wei)是(shi)細(xi)胞(bao)免疫(yi)或體液免疫(yi)或二者(zhe)(zhe)共同作用導致(zhi)肝(gan)(gan)細(xi)胞(bao)腫脹(zhang)、壞(huai)死;膽(dan)(dan)小(xiao)管壁上的(de)肝(gan)(gan)細(xi)胞(bao)壞(huai)死,導致(zhi)管壁破裂(lie),膽(dan)(dan)汁(zhi)反流(liu)入血竇(dou),肝(gan)(gan)細(xi)胞(bao)腫脹(zhang)壓(ya)迫膽(dan)(dan)小(xiao)管使膽(dan)(dan)小(xiao)管內膽(dan)(dan)栓形成,腫脹(zhang)的(de)肝(gan)(gan)細(xi)胞(bao)還可(ke)壓(ya)迫膽(dan)(dan)管使膽(dan)(dan)汁(zhi)淤積,肝(gan)(gan)細(xi)胞(bao)膜通透性(xing)增加,以及膽(dan)(dan)紅素攝取、結合、排泄障礙均可(ke)引起黃(huang)(huang)疸(dan)(dan)。臨床上主要表現為(wei)乏(fa)力、納差(cha)、厭油膩、黃(huang)(huang)疸(dan)(dan)和肝(gan)(gan)臟腫大(da)。

4.7.2 急性扁桃體炎

急性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)扁(bian)桃體(ti)(ti)(ti)炎(yan)的致病菌多(duo)數是乙(yi)型溶(rong)(rong)血性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鏈(lian)球(qiu)菌、非溶(rong)(rong)血性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鏈(lian)球(qiu)菌、葡(pu)萄球(qiu)菌、肺炎(yan)鏈(lian)球(qiu)菌、流感(gan)桿(gan)菌,腺(xian)病毒(du)、鼻病毒(du)、單(dan)純皰疹病毒(du)等(deng)也可引起本病。當(dang)人(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)抵抗(kang)力降低時(shi),病原(yuan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)大量繁殖,毒(du)素破壞咽隱(yin)窩(wo)(wo)上皮,病原(yuan)侵入扁(bian)桃體(ti)(ti)(ti)實質(zhi)而發病。病毒(du)感(gan)染者(zhe)炎(yan)癥僅局限于黏(nian)膜表面,多(duo)為急性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)卡他性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)扁(bian)桃體(ti)(ti)(ti)炎(yan);當(dang)炎(yan)癥侵入扁(bian)桃體(ti)(ti)(ti)實質(zhi)的淋巴(ba)濾(lv)泡,引起充(chong)血腫脹(zhang)、化膿稱為急性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)濾(lv)泡性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)扁(bian)桃體(ti)(ti)(ti)炎(yan);當(dang)扁(bian)桃體(ti)(ti)(ti)充(chong)血紅腫,隱(yin)窩(wo)(wo)內充(chong)塞(sai)滲(shen)出(chu)物并自窩(wo)(wo)口排(pai)出(chu),有時(shi)連成(cheng)一片即為隱(yin)窩(wo)(wo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)扁(bian)桃體(ti)(ti)(ti)炎(yan)。

4.7.3 缺鐵性貧血

缺(que)(que)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)性(xing)(xing)貧(pin)(pin)血(xue)(xue)現統稱為營養性(xing)(xing)缺(que)(que)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)性(xing)(xing)貧(pin)(pin)血(xue)(xue),是(shi)由(you)于體內缺(que)(que)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)乏導致血(xue)(xue)紅(hong)蛋(dan)白(bai)合成(cheng)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)所致的一種(zhong)貧(pin)(pin)血(xue)(xue)。該病多見(jian)于兒童,最常見(jian)的原因是(shi):①先天性(xing)(xing)儲鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)不(bu)足。②鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)攝入不(bu)足。③生長發育較(jiao)快(kuai),需鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)較(jiao)多。④鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)丟失(shi)較(jiao)多,如慢(man)性(xing)(xing)腸(chang)道出(chu)(chu)血(xue)(xue),蟯蟲及鉤蟲病等。⑤鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)吸收、利用和儲存障礙(ai)(ai),造成(cheng)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)代謝(xie)障礙(ai)(ai)。由(you)于缺(que)(que)乏造血(xue)(xue)原料(liao),故血(xue)(xue)紅(hong)蛋(dan)白(bai)合成(cheng)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao),并(bing)可使多種(zhong)含鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)的酶(mei)(細胞(bao)色素(su)酶(mei)、單胺氧化酶(mei)、核糖核苷酸還原酶(mei)、琥珀(po)酸脫氫酶(mei)等)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)減(jian)(jian)低(di)(di),造成(cheng)細胞(bao)功能紊亂,臨床上(shang)不(bu)僅出(chu)(chu)現貧(pin)(pin)血(xue)(xue)、血(xue)(xue)紅(hong)蛋(dan)白(bai)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)、紅(hong)細胞(bao)體積減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao),而且還出(chu)(chu)現上(shang)述含鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)酶(mei)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)的癥(zheng)狀如神(shen)經系統癥(zheng)狀、淡漠、注意(yi)力不(bu)集中以及口(kou)腔黏(nian)膜異(yi)常角化、舌炎、反甲、免疫功能低(di)(di)下等癥(zheng)狀。

4.7.4 病毒性心肌炎

病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)性(xing)(xing)(xing)心(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)炎是(shi)由多(duo)種病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)感染后造成心(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)變(bian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)壞(huai)死(有時也可累(lei)及心(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)及心(xin)(xin)(xin)膜)的一(yi)種心(xin)(xin)(xin)臟病(bing)(bing)(bing)。最(zui)常(chang)見的病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)有柯薩奇(qi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(A組和(he)B組)、埃柯病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、脊髓灰質炎病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、腺(xian)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、傳(chuan)染性(xing)(xing)(xing)肝炎病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、麻疹(zhen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、流感及副流感病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、單(dan)純皰疹(zhen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、流行(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)腮腺(xian)炎病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)等。其發病(bing)(bing)(bing)機理尚不完全清楚,但目前認為有兩(liang)種可能:一(yi)是(shi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)直接(jie)損(sun)害心(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao),導致(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)變(bian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、壞(huai)死、溶解。二(er)是(shi)機體(ti)受病(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du) *** ,激活(huo)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)及體(ti)液免疫反(fan)應,產(chan)生(sheng)抗心(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)抗體(ti),ILⅠα、TNFα、INFγ等誘(you)導產(chan)生(sheng)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)黏附因子,使細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)毒(du)(du)(du)性(xing)(xing)(xing)T細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(CD8+)有選擇地(di)向(xiang)損(sun)害心(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)組織黏附、浸(jin)潤攻(gong)擊(ji),從而導致(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)病(bing)(bing)(bing)變(bian)。臨床上主(zhu)要表(biao)現為乏力、心(xin)(xin)(xin)悸(ji)、胸痛、活(huo)動(dong)受限,嚴(yan)重者(zhe)并發心(xin)(xin)(xin)力衰竭、心(xin)(xin)(xin)律失常(chang)、心(xin)(xin)(xin)源性(xing)(xing)(xing)休克、呼吸困(kun)難等。

4.8 當歸六黃湯的藥理作用

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4.8.1 抗病原微生物作用

君藥當(dang)歸煎劑對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)大腸桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、傷(shang)寒(han)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、痢疾桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、白(bai)(bai)喉桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、金黃色葡(pu)萄(tao)球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、綠膿桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)等(deng)均(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。地黃水(shui)煎劑對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)須瘡(chuang)癬(xian)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、石膏樣小芽孢癬(xian)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)等(deng)多(duo)(duo)種真(zhen)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。臣(chen)藥黃連除對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)上(shang)述(shu)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)外(wai),還(huan)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)變形桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、肺炎雙(shuang)球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、甲(jia)型溶血性鏈(lian)(lian)球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、幽門螺旋桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、牙周致病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、霍亂(luan)弧(hu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)等(deng)多(duo)(duo)種細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)和(he)真(zhen)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong);同(tong)時能(neng)(neng)消(xiao)除耐(nai)藥菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)質粒和(he)使細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)釋放(fang)的(de)內(nei)、外(wai)毒(du)(du)(du)素(su)失活;黃連還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)柯薩(sa)(sa)奇病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、流感(gan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)柯薩(sa)(sa)奇B3病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)感(gan)染心肌(ji)(ji)炎有(you)(you)(you)治(zhi)療(liao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。黃芩除對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)上(shang)述(shu)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)殺(sha)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)外(wai),還(huan)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)炭疽桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、白(bai)(bai)喉桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、結核桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)及大部(bu)(bu)分真(zhen)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong);并能(neng)(neng)抑(yi)制(zhi)HIV、流感(gan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)。黃柏除對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)上(shang)述(shu)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、真(zhen)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)外(wai),還(huan)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)白(bai)(bai)色及檸檬色葡(pu)萄(tao)球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、溶血性鏈(lian)(lian)球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、枯草(cao)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、副傷(shang)寒(han)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、腦(nao)膜炎雙(shuang)球(qiu)(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)以及多(duo)(duo)種真(zhen)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)不同(tong)程度(du)的(de)抑(yi)殺(sha)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)乙肝(gan)表(biao)面抗(kang)(kang)(kang)原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。黃芪除對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)上(shang)述(shu)部(bu)(bu)分細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)外(wai),對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)流感(gan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、新城雞(ji)瘟病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、單純(chun)皰疹病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、水(shui)皰口炎病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)、VSV、Sinelbis病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)等(deng)均(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)柯薩(sa)(sa)奇病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)雖無直接殺(sha)滅(mie)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),但可(ke)降(jiang)(jiang)低感(gan)染病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)的(de)心肌(ji)(ji)細(xi)(xi)胞對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)的(de)敏(min)感(gan)性。由此可(ke)見,該(gai)方劑不僅有(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、抗(kang)(kang)(kang)耐(nai)藥、抗(kang)(kang)(kang)毒(du)(du)(du)素(su)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),而且有(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),并能(neng)(neng)降(jiang)(jiang)低心肌(ji)(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)的(de)敏(min)感(gan)性。這對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)性心肌(ji)(ji)炎、急(ji)性扁(bian)桃體(ti)炎的(de)治(zhi)療(liao)十分重要。

4.8.2 抗炎、抗氧化損傷作用

君藥當(dang)歸(gui)水(shui)煎劑(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)多種致炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)劑(ji)引起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)急、慢(man)(man)性(xing)(xing)(xing)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)癥(zheng)均有(you)(you)(you)(you)顯(xian)(xian)著的(de)(de)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),并能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)低(di)(di)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)癥(zheng)組(zu)織PGE2的(de)(de)釋放(fang)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),降(jiang)低(di)(di)補體旁路溶血活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)。當(dang)歸(gui)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)清(qing)除(chu)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)自由(you)基(ji)(ji)及羥自由(you)基(ji)(ji),能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)明顯(xian)(xian)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)大(da)腦(nao)皮層SOD、Ca2+ATP酶(mei)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing),降(jiang)低(di)(di)NO、Ca2+含量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)NOS活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing),抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自由(you)基(ji)(ji)引起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)脂(zhi)質(zhi)過(guo)(guo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)反應,具有(you)(you)(you)(you)顯(xian)(xian)著的(de)(de)抗衰老作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。地黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)水(shui)煎劑(ji)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)抗炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)消腫(zhong)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),熟(shu)地黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)水(shui)煎液可明顯(xian)(xian)增(zeng)強血清(qing)及心(xin)肌(ji)中GSHPx活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing),降(jiang)低(di)(di)LPO含量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),從而(er)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)心(xin)肌(ji)起(qi)(qi)到保(bao)護(hu)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong);地黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)腦(nao)組(zu)織SOD活(huo)(huo)力,顯(xian)(xian)著降(jiang)低(di)(di)腦(nao)組(zu)織MDA含量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang);顯(xian)(xian)著提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)RBC膜Na+K+ATP酶(mei)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing),具有(you)(you)(you)(you)顯(xian)(xian)著的(de)(de)抗氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)損(sun)傷(shang)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。臣(chen)藥黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)連所(suo)含小檗堿(jian)(jian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)明顯(xian)(xian)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)趨化(hua)因子ZAP誘(you)導(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)中性(xing)(xing)(xing)粒(li)細(xi)胞(bao)趨化(hua)運動,抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多形(xing)核WBC化(hua)學(xue)發(fa)光反應,對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)WBC系產生的(de)(de)羥自由(you)基(ji)(ji)及H2O2導(dao)(dao)致的(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)發(fa)光也有(you)(you)(you)(you)顯(xian)(xian)著的(de)(de)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong);同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時可顯(xian)(xian)著降(jiang)低(di)(di)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)組(zu)織中PGE2的(de)(de)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),降(jiang)低(di)(di)中性(xing)(xing)(xing)粒(li)細(xi)胞(bao)PLA2的(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing),減(jian)少炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)生成(cheng),從而(er)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)急、慢(man)(man)性(xing)(xing)(xing)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)癥(zheng)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)癥(zheng)的(de)(de)毛細(xi)血管(guan)通透性(xing)(xing)(xing)增(zeng)高(gao)(gao)、水(shui)腫(zhong)、肉芽組(zu)織增(zeng)生等不同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)均產生抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)(qin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)釋放(fang)與(yu)合(he)成(cheng),黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)(qin)素等能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肥大(da)細(xi)胞(bao)釋放(fang)HA;黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)(qin)素、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)(qin)苷(gan)通過(guo)(guo)影響花生四烯酸(suan)代謝,抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)PGE及LT的(de)(de)生成(cheng),從而(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)血管(guan)擴張(zhang)、血管(guan)壁通透性(xing)(xing)(xing)以及WBC的(de)(de)趨化(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),因此對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)癥(zheng)的(de)(de)滲(shen)出(chu)、水(shui)腫(zhong)、肉芽組(zu)織增(zeng)生等不同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)均有(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong);黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)(qin)苷(gan)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)羥自由(you)基(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)顯(xian)(xian)著的(de)(de)清(qing)除(chu)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)(qin)苷(gan)銅(tong)、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)(qin)苷(gan)鋅對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)自由(you)基(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)顯(xian)(xian)著的(de)(de)清(qing)除(chu)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脂(zhi)質(zhi)過(guo)(guo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)損(sun)傷(shang),黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)(qin)苷(gan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)心(xin)肌(ji)及肝臟(zang)SOD、GSHPx活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing),降(jiang)低(di)(di)MDA及LPO含量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),減(jian)輕自由(you)基(ji)(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)心(xin)肌(ji)的(de)(de)損(sun)傷(shang)。黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)柏同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)樣含有(you)(you)(you)(you)小檗堿(jian)(jian),因此具有(you)(you)(you)(you)和(he)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)連同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)樣的(de)(de)抗炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、抗氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)、保(bao)護(hu)心(xin)肌(ji)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。佐(zuo)藥黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芪(qi)總苷(gan)可顯(xian)(xian)著降(jiang)低(di)(di)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)滲(shen)出(chu)液中的(de)(de)PGE2含量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)及IL8含量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),降(jiang)低(di)(di)滲(shen)出(chu)液及中性(xing)(xing)(xing)WBC中PLA2活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing),減(jian)少中性(xing)(xing)(xing)粒(li)細(xi)胞(bao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)自由(you)基(ji)(ji)生成(cheng),減(jian)少滲(shen)出(chu)液中NO的(de)(de)生成(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)佐(zuo)劑(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)關節炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芪(qi)總黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)酮可降(jiang)低(di)(di)其(qi)MDA、IL1和(he)亞(ya)硝酸(suan)鹽,因此對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)癥(zheng)的(de)(de)各個階段均有(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。尤其(qi)是黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芪(qi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)低(di)(di)柯薩奇(qi)病毒對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)病毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)心(xin)肌(ji)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)敏感性(xing)(xing)(xing)。

由此可見該方劑君、臣、佐、使(shi)各藥均(jun)有顯(xian)著的抗炎(yan)、抗氧化損傷作用(yong),尤其對(dui)心(xin)肌作用(yong)更(geng)顯(xian)著。

4.8.3 對免疫功能的影響

君藥當(dang)(dang)(dang)歸(gui)(gui)醇(chun)沉物(wu)及(ji)當(dang)(dang)(dang)歸(gui)(gui)免疫(yi)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)多糖(tang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)單(dan)獨或協(xie)同ConA/LPS發揮(hui)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)脾(pi)臟及(ji)胸腺(xian)T、B淋(lin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)增殖的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong),對抗(kang)氫化(hua)(hua)可(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)松(song)對ConA誘(you)導(dao)的(de)(de)脾(pi)臟及(ji)胸腺(xian)T淋(lin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)增殖反(fan)應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)抑(yi)制(zhi)作用(yong)(yong)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)歸(gui)(gui)內酯(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)增強(qiang)(qiang)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)毒(du)T細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),增加其殺傷活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)達80%,可(ke)(ke)明(ming)顯(xian)提高(gao)抗(kang)體數(shu)量(liang)及(ji)效價;當(dang)(dang)(dang)歸(gui)(gui)還能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)增強(qiang)(qiang)巨(ju)噬(shi)(shi)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)吞(tun)(tun)噬(shi)(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li),提高(gao)NO含量(liang),改(gai)善巨(ju)噬(shi)(shi)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)防御功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng);當(dang)(dang)(dang)歸(gui)(gui)醇(chun)沉物(wu)可(ke)(ke)顯(xian)著增強(qiang)(qiang)巨(ju)噬(shi)(shi)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)分泌(mi)TNFα、IL1,誘(you)導(dao)淋(lin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)分泌(mi)INFγ,增強(qiang)(qiang)INFγ的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)。生(sheng)(sheng)地黃(huang)可(ke)(ke)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)ConA活(huo)(huo)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)脾(pi)淋(lin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)DNA和(he)蛋白質的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)合成(cheng),增強(qiang)(qiang)IL2的(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng),提高(gao)巨(ju)噬(shi)(shi)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)吞(tun)(tun)噬(shi)(shi)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng);熟地黃(huang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)提高(gao)淋(lin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)增殖能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li),促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)IL2的(de)(de)分泌(mi),還能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)誘(you)生(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)INF,對抗(kang)氫化(hua)(hua)可(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)松(song)引(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)血中T淋(lin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)減少。臣藥黃(huang)連可(ke)(ke)激活(huo)(huo)巨(ju)噬(shi)(shi)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),使(shi)之出現(xian)定(ding)向的(de)(de)趨化(hua)(hua)運動,到達補體活(huo)(huo)化(hua)(hua)部(bu)位,使(shi)之吞(tun)(tun)噬(shi)(shi)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)增強(qiang)(qiang)。黃(huang)芩(qin)所含的(de)(de)黃(huang)芩(qin)苷對巨(ju)噬(shi)(shi)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)吞(tun)(tun)噬(shi)(shi)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、NK細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)及(ji)淋(lin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)增殖反(fan)應(ying)(ying)均有(you)雙相(xiang)調(diao)節(jie)作用(yong)(yong),低劑(ji)量(liang)顯(xian)著增強(qiang)(qiang)其功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),高(gao)劑(ji)量(liang)則抑(yi)制(zhi)之;黃(huang)芩(qin)苷對RBC免疫(yi)黏附功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有(you)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)作用(yong)(yong);在細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)免疫(yi)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)方面,黃(huang)芩(qin)苷能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)明(ming)顯(xian)改(gai)善缺血性(xing)(xing)心(xin)力(li)衰(shuai)竭細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)免疫(yi)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)異(yi)常(chang),同時黃(huang)芩(qin)具有(you)抗(kang)免疫(yi)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)作用(yong)(yong),尤(you)其對Ⅰ型變態反(fan)應(ying)(ying)作用(yong)(yong)顯(xian)著,可(ke)(ke)穩定(ding)肥大細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)膜,影響花生(sheng)(sheng)四(si)烯酸代謝。佐藥黃(huang)芪可(ke)(ke)誘(you)導(dao)淋(lin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)產生(sheng)(sheng)INFα,從(cong)而明(ming)顯(xian)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)NK細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing),并(bing)有(you)劑(ji)量(liang)依賴性(xing)(xing),但劑(ji)量(liang)過大則可(ke)(ke)抑(yi)制(zhi)NK細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)毒(du)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing);黃(huang)芪注射(she)液可(ke)(ke)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)血中T細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)表型CD3、CD4、CD8升高(gao)并(bing)接近(jin)正常(chang)水平;黃(huang)芪煎劑(ji)可(ke)(ke)增強(qiang)(qiang)網狀內皮(pi)系(xi)統吞(tun)(tun)噬(shi)(shi)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),增加抗(kang)體生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li);黃(huang)芪多糖(tang)可(ke)(ke)使(shi)胸腺(xian)和(he)脾(pi)內T細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)數(shu)增加,并(bing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)脾(pi)臟抗(kang)原結合細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(T、B淋(lin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)細(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)前體)。

以上(shang)可以看出,該方劑君(jun)、臣、佐、使對免疫功(gong)能(neng)均有(you)明顯的促進、調節作用。

4.8.4 對心血管系統及血液流變學的影響

君(jun)藥(yao)當(dang)(dang)歸(gui)能(neng)擴(kuo)張(zhang)冠(guan)狀(zhuang)動脈(mo)(mo),增加(jia)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)營養性(xing)(xing)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)流,降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)耗氧(yang)量(liang),拮抗(kang)垂體(ti)后(hou)葉素所(suo)致心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)缺血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)縮(suo)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)缺血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)再(zai)灌注(zhu)(zhu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)梗(geng)死體(ti)積;當(dang)(dang)歸(gui)及阿魏(wei)(wei)(wei)酸(suan)(suan)鈉(na)(na)可減少心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)內Ca2+、Na+蓄積,減少MDA生成及CPK、LDH、AST釋放;當(dang)(dang)歸(gui)所(suo)含(han)(han)阿魏(wei)(wei)(wei)酸(suan)(suan)鈉(na)(na)可減慢傳導,延長(chang)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)不應(ying)期(qi),消除(chu)折返,延長(chang)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)期(qi),抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)異(yi)位(wei)節(jie)律(lv)點(dian),提高(gao)(gao)致顫閾,因(yin)而(er)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)顯(xian)(xian)著的(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)律(lv)失常(chang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);當(dang)(dang)歸(gui)可擴(kuo)張(zhang)冠(guan)狀(zhuang)動脈(mo)(mo)、腦(nao)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管、肺血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管及外周血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管,改(gai)(gai)善血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液(ye)循(xun)環,降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya);當(dang)(dang)歸(gui)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)內皮(pi)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)增殖,抗(kang)動脈(mo)(mo)硬化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);當(dang)(dang)歸(gui)所(suo)含(han)(han)阿魏(wei)(wei)(wei)酸(suan)(suan)鈉(na)(na)可選(xuan)擇性(xing)(xing)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)TXA2合成酶(mei)活性(xing)(xing),降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)TXA2的(de)(de)(de)(de)活性(xing)(xing),降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)TXA2的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)(han)量(liang),升(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)(gao)PGI2/TXA2比(bi)(bi)率,升(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)(gao)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)板內cAMP水平(ping)(ping),抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)二酯(zhi)酶(mei),直接對(dui)(dui)抗(kang)TXA2和(he)增強PGI2活性(xing)(xing),因(yin)而(er)可抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)板聚集(ji),抗(kang)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)栓形(xing)成。地黃(huang)(huang)(huang)可降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)LPO含(han)(han)量(liang),提高(gao)(gao)GSHPx活力(li),對(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya)引起的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)勞損(sun)、左室高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)及心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)供(gong)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)不足均有(you)(you)(you)改(gai)(gai)善作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);地黃(huang)(huang)(huang)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)強心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)利尿作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),尤其(qi)對(dui)(dui)衰(shuai)弱的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)臟(zang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)更為(wei)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian);地黃(huang)(huang)(huang)通過升(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)(gao)cAMP,使(shi)cGMP/cAMP比(bi)(bi)值降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)而(er)且有(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。臣藥(yao)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)連所(suo)含(han)(han)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)檗堿能(neng)興奮心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)臟(zang),增加(jia)冠(guan)脈(mo)(mo)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)流量(liang),并呈劑(ji)量(liang)依賴性(xing)(xing)雙(shuang)(shuang)相(xiang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);同時(shi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)檗堿能(neng)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya),對(dui)(dui)衰(shuai)竭的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)臟(zang)可降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)其(qi)耗氧(yang)量(liang),保護心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)缺血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)造成的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)損(sun)傷,改(gai)(gai)善梗(geng)死后(hou)衰(shuai)竭的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)室功能(neng),并能(neng)對(dui)(dui)抗(kang)烏頭堿及氯仿造成的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)室纖(xian)顫;藥(yao)根(gen)堿對(dui)(dui)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)缺血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)再(zai)灌注(zhu)(zhu)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)律(lv)失常(chang)有(you)(you)(you)對(dui)(dui)抗(kang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芩所(suo)含(han)(han)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芩苷(gan)可顯(xian)(xian)著降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)缺血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)再(zai)灌注(zhu)(zhu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)MDA含(han)(han)量(liang),升(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)(gao)組(zu)織的(de)(de)(de)(de)GSHPx及SOD活性(xing)(xing),對(dui)(dui)抗(kang)脂質過氧(yang)化(hua)反應(ying),對(dui)(dui)缺血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)性(xing)(xing)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)保護作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芩苷(gan)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya)及利尿作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芩素、漢黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芩素等還(huan)可抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)膠原產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)板聚集(ji);黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芩素、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芩苷(gan)可抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)凝(ning)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)酶(mei)誘導的(de)(de)(de)(de)纖(xian)維(wei)蛋(dan)白原向纖(xian)維(wei)蛋(dan)白轉變,對(dui)(dui)內毒素誘發的(de)(de)(de)(de)DIC則可防止血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)板和(he)纖(xian)維(wei)蛋(dan)白原減少。黃(huang)(huang)(huang)柏也含(han)(han)有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)檗堿,對(dui)(dui)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)劑(ji)量(liang)興奮之,增加(jia)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)收縮(suo)力(li),大劑(ji)量(liang)則抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)之,對(dui)(dui)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)負性(xing)(xing)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)率作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);黃(huang)(huang)(huang)柏也有(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。佐藥(yao)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芪可加(jia)強心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)能(neng)量(liang)代謝,增強心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)收縮(suo)力(li),增加(jia)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)輸(shu)出量(liang),對(dui)(dui)中(zhong)毒及疲勞衰(shuai)竭的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)臟(zang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)更明(ming)顯(xian)(xian);黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芪還(huan)能(neng)對(dui)(dui)抗(kang)垂體(ti)后(hou)葉素所(suo)致心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)缺血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),對(dui)(dui)抗(kang)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)律(lv)失常(chang);對(dui)(dui)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya)有(you)(you)(you)雙(shuang)(shuang)相(xiang)調節(jie)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),對(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芪煎劑(ji)可使(shi)其(qi)上升(sheng)(sheng)幅度(du)得(de)到控制(zhi)(zhi),當(dang)(dang)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)至(zhi)休克水平(ping)(ping)時(shi),黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芪可使(shi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya)稍上升(sheng)(sheng)且保持穩(wen)定。黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芪能(neng)擴(kuo)張(zhang)冠(guan)狀(zhuang)動脈(mo)(mo)、腦(nao)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管、外周血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管及腸系(xi)膜上動脈(mo)(mo);黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芪煎劑(ji)可降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)對(dui)(dui)病毒感染(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)敏感性(xing)(xing),通過增強免(mian)疫(yi)功能(neng)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)病毒性(xing)(xing)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)炎;黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芪皂苷(gan)TSA可提高(gao)(gao)PGI2及NO水平(ping)(ping),降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)TXA2/PGI2比(bi)(bi)例,從而(er)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)板聚集(ji),抗(kang)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)栓形(xing)成。

由(you)此可見,該方劑各味(wei)中藥有一致的保護心臟、調節血(xue)壓(ya)、改善(shan)血(xue)液流變學的功能。

4.8.5 對神經、內分泌系統的影響

君藥(yao)當(dang)(dang)歸注射液(ye)(ye)可加快腦(nao)組(zu)織血(xue)(xue)(xue)液(ye)(ye)循環,改善(shan)神(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)元的(de)(de)代謝,減(jian)(jian)少(shao)腦(nao)梗死(si)的(de)(de)面(mian)積,促(cu)進腦(nao)缺(que)(que)(que)(que)血(xue)(xue)(xue)損傷后神(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長和(he)(he)修復相關蛋白(bai),促(cu)進神(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)黏附分(fen)子和(he)(he)微血(xue)(xue)(xue)管相關蛋白(bai)的(de)(de)表達,減(jian)(jian)少(shao)腦(nao)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)凋亡(wang)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),亦可通(tong)過促(cu)進bcl2的(de)(de)表達對(dui)(dui)半暗帶的(de)(de)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)凋亡(wang)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)抑制作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);當(dang)(dang)歸水煎液(ye)(ye)可逆轉腦(nao)內氨(an)基(ji)酸類神(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)介質(zhi)的(de)(de)異常改變,促(cu)進神(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)及再(zai)支配。地(di)黃(huang)不(bu)僅有鎮(zhen)靜(jing)、催眠作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),而(er)且可對(dui)(dui)抗和(he)(he)減(jian)(jian)輕(qing)地(di)塞米(mi)松引起的(de)(de)垂(chui)體(ti)(ti)-腎(shen)(shen)上腺皮質(zhi)系統功能(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)形態(tai)的(de)(de)影響。臣(chen)藥(yao)黃(huang)連能(neng)(neng)擴(kuo)張腦(nao)膜血(xue)(xue)(xue)管,增加局部(bu)血(xue)(xue)(xue)流(liu);小檗堿能(neng)(neng)提高缺(que)(que)(que)(que)血(xue)(xue)(xue)再(zai)灌注早期海(hai)(hai)馬CA1區神(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)元內線粒體(ti)(ti)、粗面(mian)內質(zhi)網(wang)、高爾基(ji)體(ti)(ti)對(dui)(dui)缺(que)(que)(que)(que)血(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)耐受(shou)性(xing),減(jian)(jian)輕(qing)缺(que)(que)(que)(que)血(xue)(xue)(xue)再(zai)灌注晚期海(hai)(hai)馬CA1區神(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)元死(si)亡(wang)程度(du);小檗堿能(neng)(neng)顯(xian)(xian)著升高腦(nao)缺(que)(que)(que)(que)血(xue)(xue)(xue)時SOD、GSHPx活力,降(jiang)(jiang)低MDA含量,對(dui)(dui)缺(que)(que)(que)(que)血(xue)(xue)(xue)/缺(que)(que)(que)(que)糖誘導的(de)(de)神(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)內游離鈣濃度(du)的(de)(de)升高有明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)抑制作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),因而(er)對(dui)(dui)腦(nao)組(zu)織損傷有明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)保(bao)護作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);小檗堿有解熱、鎮(zhen)靜(jing)、催眠及降(jiang)(jiang)血(xue)(xue)(xue)糖作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);小檗堿還有 *** ACTH釋放的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),從而(er)發(fa)揮抗炎(yan)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。黃(huang)芩不(bu)僅有解熱作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),同(tong)時黃(huang)芩苷能(neng)(neng)縮(suo)小腦(nao)缺(que)(que)(que)(que)血(xue)(xue)(xue)再(zai)灌注損傷腦(nao)梗死(si)的(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)積,明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)(xian)降(jiang)(jiang)低神(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)內Ca2+濃度(du),減(jian)(jian)輕(qing)WBC的(de)(de)浸(jin)潤程度(du)。黃(huang)柏具有解熱、鎮(zhen)靜(jing)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。佐藥(yao)黃(huang)芪能(neng)(neng)增強腎(shen)(shen)上腺皮質(zhi)功能(neng)(neng),可使腎(shen)(shen)上腺重量增加,皮脂增厚,束狀帶細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)體(ti)(ti)積增大(da),胞(bao)漿豐富,從而(er)有抗疲勞、抗應激作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。黃(huang)芪還能(neng)(neng)促(cu)進性(xing)腺功能(neng)(neng),并有鎮(zhen)痛作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。

4.8.6 對造血功能的影響

君藥當歸能升高外(wai)周(zhou)血(xue)(xue)RBC、WBC及(ji)Hb的(de)(de)(de)(de)含量,對化學藥物、放射線照射引起的(de)(de)(de)(de)骨(gu)髓造(zao)血(xue)(xue)功能抑制作用更明顯,其有(you)(you)(you)效成分是當歸多(duo)糖(AP)。當歸多(duo)糖可使(shi)WBC及(ji)網織RBC增加,對RBC、Hb、WBC和(he)(he)骨(gu)髓有(you)(you)(you)核(he)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)恢復有(you)(you)(you)顯著(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)作用,在外(wai)源性粒細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)巨噬細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)集落 *** 因(yin)子(GMCSF)、IL3、EPO存在條(tiao)件下,AP在體外(wai)對粒單系(xi)造(zao)血(xue)(xue)祖細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(CFUGM)和(he)(he)多(duo)向(xiang)性造(zao)血(xue)(xue)祖細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(CFUix)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增殖(zhi)分化有(you)(you)(you)顯著(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)作用;經(jing)AP誘導(dao)后骨(gu)髓基質(zhi)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、血(xue)(xue)管細(xi)皮(pi)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、單核(he)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)等(deng)表達(da)GMCSF、IL3mRNA水平皆(jie)明顯提高。生、熟地黃(huang)(huang)有(you)(you)(you)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)造(zao)血(xue)(xue)作用,可促進(jin)(jin)(jin)骨(gu)髓造(zao)血(xue)(xue)干細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(CFUS)增殖(zhi),促進(jin)(jin)(jin)粒單祖細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)和(he)(he)早(zao)期、晚(wan)期紅系(xi)祖細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增殖(zhi)分化。佐藥黃(huang)(huang)芪所含多(duo)糖能升高RBC比容,增加RBC數(shu)及(ji)Hb;黃(huang)(huang)芪還(huan)能防止因(yin)輻射而造(zao)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)小鼠外(wai)周(zhou)血(xue)(xue)WBC總數(shu)及(ji)骨(gu)髓有(you)(you)(you)核(he)細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)少(shao),可促進(jin)(jin)(jin)造(zao)血(xue)(xue)干細(xi)胞(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分化和(he)(he)增殖(zhi)。

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醫學百(bai)科,馬上計算!

4.8.7 對消化系統功能的影響

君(jun)藥(yao)當歸可(ke)(ke)(ke)顯著降低肝(gan)臟膠原(yuan)蛋白含(han)量(liang),減輕肝(gan)纖維化(hua)(hua);當歸及(ji)(ji)所含(han)的阿魏(wei)酸鈉可(ke)(ke)(ke)增加肝(gan)臟GSHPx活(huo)性,降低肝(gan)臟中MDA含(han)量(liang),抗肝(gan)脂質(zhi)過(guo)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua),對(dui)(dui)(dui)肝(gan)損傷有(you)(you)(you)(you)保護(hu)作(zuo)(zuo)用;當歸水提(ti)物、揮(hui)發油或(huo)阿魏(wei)酸均(jun)可(ke)(ke)(ke)明(ming)顯促(cu)(cu)進膽(dan)汁分泌,并(bing)增加膽(dan)汁中固體(ti)及(ji)(ji)膽(dan)酸的排(pai)泄量(liang);當歸浸(jin)膏(gao)、揮(hui)發油及(ji)(ji)阿魏(wei)酸對(dui)(dui)(dui)Ach引起(qi)的腸管收縮(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用,抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)腸推進運動。臣藥(yao)地黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)煎劑對(dui)(dui)(dui)中毒性肝(gan)炎有(you)(you)(you)(you)保護(hu)作(zuo)(zuo)用,能(neng)防止(zhi)肝(gan)糖(tang)元減少(shao);能(neng)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)胃酸及(ji)(ji)總(zong)酸的排(pai)出量(liang),抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)胃潰(kui)瘍(yang)的發生。佐藥(yao)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)連及(ji)(ji)其(qi)所含(han)小檗堿(jian)能(neng)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)胃酸分泌,保護(hu)胃黏膜(mo),更重要的是黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)連對(dui)(dui)(dui)幽門螺旋(xuan)桿菌有(you)(you)(you)(you)較強的殺滅作(zuo)(zuo)用,從而有(you)(you)(you)(you)治療胃潰(kui)瘍(yang)及(ji)(ji)胃炎作(zuo)(zuo)用。黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)所含(han)總(zong)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)酮可(ke)(ke)(ke)增加肝(gan)GSHPx活(huo)性,明(ming)顯降低LPO含(han)量(liang);千層紙素A、漢黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)素、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)素苷等(deng)均(jun)能(neng)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)肝(gan)脂質(zhi)過(guo)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua);黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩(qin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)酮對(dui)(dui)(dui)NADPHADP引起(qi)的體(ti)外肝(gan)臟脂質(zhi)過(guo)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)(zuo)用也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)明(ming)顯的抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用。黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)柏及(ji)(ji)所含(han)小檗堿(jian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)促(cu)(cu)進腸管收縮(suo);而黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)柏內酯則使(shi)腸管松弛(chi);黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)柏提(ti)取物及(ji)(ji)小檗堿(jian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)胃酸分泌,降低胃液酸度,具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)抗潰(kui)瘍(yang)作(zuo)(zuo)用,同時(shi)小檗堿(jian)還有(you)(you)(you)(you)利膽(dan)作(zuo)(zuo)用。佐藥(yao)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芪水煎劑可(ke)(ke)(ke)使(shi)慢性肝(gan)炎病人CD8下降,CD4/CD8升高,恢復其(qi)正常的免疫功能(neng),促(cu)(cu)進糖(tang)元及(ji)(ji)蛋白質(zhi)合成,同時(shi)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芪對(dui)(dui)(dui)多種實驗性胃潰(kui)瘍(yang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用,抑(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)胃黏膜(mo)的損傷。

4.8.8 其他

該方劑各位中藥(yao)對腫瘤細(xi)胞有不同程度的(de)抑殺(sha)作(zuo)用,因不是本節(jie)敘述重點,不再(zai)贅述。

4.9 歌訣

火炎汗出六黃湯,歸柏芩連二地黃;倍用黃芪為固(gu)表,滋陰清熱(re)斂汗強(qiang)[2]。

4.10 出處

《蘭室秘藏》卷下

5 《麻癥集成》卷上方之當歸六黃湯 5.1 處方

黃(huang)(huang)連、黃(huang)(huang)芩、黃(huang)(huang)柏、黃(huang)(huang)耆(qi)、地(di)黃(huang)(huang)(生熟(shu)各半)、當歸、梔子、浮小麥。

5.2 功能主治

《麻癥集成》卷上(shang)方之當歸六(liu)黃湯(tang)主治火盛逼(bi)迫,致(zhi)汗妄流(liu)。

5.3 出處

《麻癥集成》卷上

6 《麻癥集成》卷三方之當歸六黃湯 6.1 組成

當歸、黃柏、黃芩(qin)、麥(mai)冬、黃連、生(sheng)地、熟地。

6.2 功能主治

《麻癥集(ji)成(cheng)》卷三方(fang)之當歸(gui)六黃(huang)湯(tang)主治(zhi)火迫奪汗,血虛者。

6.3 當歸六黃湯的用法用量

加(jia)浮(fu)小麥(mai)或舊草席化灰,同(tong)煎(jian)服。

6.4 出處

《麻癥集成》卷三

7 《寒溫條辨》卷五方之當歸六黃湯 7.1 處方

當歸(gui)2錢(qian)(qian),熟地(di)2錢(qian)(qian),生地(di)1錢(qian)(qian),黃(huang)連(lian)1錢(qian)(qian),黃(huang)芩1錢(qian)(qian),黃(huang)柏1錢(qian)(qian),黃(huang)耆(生)3錢(qian)(qian),防風1錢(qian)(qian),麻黃(huang)根1錢(qian)(qian),浮麥(mai)1錢(qian)(qian)。

7.2 功能主治

《寒溫條(tiao)辨》卷五方(fang)之當歸(gui)六黃湯主(zhu)治陰(yin)虛盜汗。

7.3 當歸六黃湯的用法用量

水煎,溫服。

7.4 出處

《寒溫條辨》卷五

8 《傷寒全生集》卷二方之當歸六黃湯 8.1 組成

當歸、黃連、黃芩、黃柏、黃耆、生地黃、熟(shu)地黃、知母。

8.2 功能主治

《傷寒全生集》卷二(er)方(fang)之當歸六黃湯主治雜(za)癥盜(dao)汗,寸(cun)脈虛(xu)浮,尺(chi)脈數(shu)大無力,乃陰虛(xu)火動。

8.3 當歸六黃湯的用法用量

加生(sheng)姜、大(da)棗,浮(fu)小麥1撮,水煎(jian)服。

8.4 附注

原書(shu)治上癥,加白術,肉桂少許(xu)。

8.5 出處

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