在(zai)(zai)《水(shui)滸(hu)》中(zhong)(zhong),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)絕(jue)對(dui)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)引人(ren)(ren)注目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角色。她(ta)在(zai)(zai)宋江受招安(an)中(zhong)(zhong)起了穿針(zhen)引線的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵作(zuo)(zuo)用,就因(yin)(yin)為她(ta)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“天子心愛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)”。《靖康稗史》也(ye)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“侯蒙上(shang)(shang)書,未若(ruo)(ruo)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進言”,小(xiao)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)構思(si)(si)倒并(bing)非空穴來(lai)風(feng)。至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)讀者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)記(ji)得(de)她(ta),恐怕主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)道君皇帝與她(ta)那(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)段若(ruo)(ruo)明(ming)若(ruo)(ruo)暗(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)艷史。 李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)歷史上(shang)(shang)確有(you)(you)(you)(you)其人(ren)(ren),與宋徽(hui)宗也(ye)真(zhen)有(you)(you)(you)(you)過一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)段風(feng)流情。但《水(shui)滸(hu)》中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基本上(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)小(xiao)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)虛構,人(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)自(zi)然希望了解那(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)個(ge)真(zhen)實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。關于(yu)(yu)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),除了宋代筆記(ji)野史里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雪泥鴻爪,最(zui)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)兩種(zhong)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)南 宋平話(hua)《宣(xuan)和(he)遺(yi)事(shi)》,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)清(qing)初(chu)著錄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外傳》,兩者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與《水(shui)滸(hu)》相(xiang)去(qu)不(bu)遠(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)家言。相(xiang)對(dui)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)來(lai),后(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)明(ming)季偽(wei)作(zuo)(zuo),自(zi)不(bu)足以(yi)征信;倒還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)《宣(xuan)和(he)遺(yi)事(shi)》,因(yin)(yin)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)本朝(chao)史,總得(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)基本史實作(zuo)(zuo)為敷衍故(gu)事(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)背景與骨干,去(qu)偽(wei)存真(zhen),還可以(yi)沙(sha)里淘金(jin)。 孟 元(yuan)(yuan)老在(zai)(zai)其《東京夢華錄》里開列了“崇、觀(guan)(guan)以(yi)來(lai),在(zai)(zai)京瓦(wa)肆伎藝”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)群芳譜,其中(zhong)(zhong)“小(xiao)唱(chang):李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、徐婆惜、封(feng)宜奴(nu)、孫三四等,誠其角者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”,李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)排(pai)名(ming)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。崇、觀(guan)(guan)指崇寧(1102-1106)、大觀(guan)(guan)(1107-1110),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)徽(hui)宗第二、第三個(ge)年(nian)(nian)號(hao)。徽(hui)宗即位(wei)時(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu),大觀(guan)(guan)末(mo)年(nian)(nian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)歲。而(er)(er)這時(shi)(shi)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)小(xiao)荷才露尖尖角,應是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“娉(ping)娉(ping)十(shi)三余(yu)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)齡。 然而(er)(er),人(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)發現在(zai)(zai)此以(yi)前也(ye)頗有(you)(you)(you)(you)關于(yu)(yu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)。最(zui)早(zao)可以(yi)追溯到詞人(ren)(ren)張先,他的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詞里有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)首《師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)令(ling)》,從“不(bu)須(xu)回(hui)扇障清(qing)歌(ge)(ge),唇一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)點、小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)花(hua)(hua)蕊”,受贈者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)顯然也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)歌(ge)(ge)妓。有(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)因(yin)(yin)此認定:《師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)令(ling)》所贈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。張先死在(zai)(zai)元(yuan)(yuan)豐(feng)元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(1078),時(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)八十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)歲,就算(suan)這首詞是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)他臨死那(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)流遺(yi)作(zuo)(zuo),師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)即便還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)豆蔻年(nian)(nian)華的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雛妓,那(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)么(me)到宣(xuan)和(he)年(nian)(nian)間(1119-1125),她(ta)至(zhi)少應該(gai)年(nian)(nian)逾五十(shi),比徽(hui)宗將(jiang)近(jin)大二十(shi)歲。有(you)(you)(you)(you)研究者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)就以(yi)此為據,試圖否(fou)證徽(hui)宗與她(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)羅曼(man)史。但倘若(ruo)(ruo)換個(ge)思(si)(si)路,倒不(bu)難(nan)推出另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)結論:當時(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)去(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輩(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩個(ge)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。 晏幾道有(you)(you)(you)(you)兩首《生查子》,也(ye)都寫到名(ming)叫(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青樓(lou)青樓(lou)女子。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)首云“歸去(qu)鳳(feng)城時(shi)(shi),說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)與青樓(lou)道:遍看(kan)潁川花(hua)(hua),不(bu)似師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)好”。另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)首云“幾時(shi)(shi)花(hua)(hua)里閑,看(kan)得(de)花(hua)(hua)枝足;醉后(hou)莫思(si)(si)家,借取(qu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)宿”。秦觀(guan)(guan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)首《一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)叢花(hua)(hua)》,也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贈給名(ming)叫(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歌(ge)(ge)妓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de):“年(nian)(nian)時(shi)(shi)今夜見師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),雙(shuang)頰酒紅滋。疏(shu)簾半(ban)卷(juan)微(wei)燈(deng)外,露華上(shang)(shang)、煙(yan)裊(niao)涼鎩tⅦ俾遺(yi)祝巳瞬黃穡岢麓省!本荽恃Ъ業難(nan)芯浚碳傅(fu)賴拇試甲饔讜崳(yu)迥以(yi)上(shang)(shang)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)由國(guo)學頭條網整理發布()如若(ruo)(ruo)轉載請注明(ming)出處。部分內(nei)(nei)容(rong)來(lai)源于(yu)(yu)網絡,版權歸原作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)所有(you)(you)(you)(you),如有(you)(you)(you)(you)侵犯您的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原創版權請告知,我們(men)(men)將(jiang)盡快刪(shan)除相(xiang)關內(nei)(nei)容(rong)。
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