兩宋(song)·劉克(ke)莊(zhuang)與(yu)王邁以姓(xing)名相(xiang)戲兩宋(song)·劉克(ke)莊(zhuang)與(yu)王邁以姓(xing)名相(xiang)戲

劉克(ke)莊才思(si)敏(min)捷，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)邁(mai)(mai)也(ye)聰明穎悟(wu)，二人曾以對(dui)方的(de)姓名相戲謔。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)邁(mai)(mai)笑(xiao)劉克(ke)莊兄(xiong)弟同(tong)為史(shi)官，劉克(ke)莊則譏王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)邁(mai)(mai)總作通(tong)判;王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)邁(mai)(mai)拆開(kai)劉克(ke)莊的(de)名字戲其前壯后衰，劉克(ke)莊亦拆開(kai)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)邁(mai)(mai)的(de)名字諷其不(bu)遇。周(zhou)密(mi)《齊東(dong)野(ye)語》卷十七：“劉克(ke)莊潛夫，弟希(xi)仁，俱以史(shi)官里居。郡(jun)集，寓公(gong)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曜軒邁(mai)(mai)戲之(zhi)(zhi)云(yun)：‘大編修，小編修，同(tong)赴編修之(zhi)(zhi)會。’后村云(yun)‘欲(yu)屬(shu)對(dui)不(bu)難，不(bu)可見怒’。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)愿聞(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)，乃云(yun)：‘前通(tong)判，后通(tong)判，但聞(wen)通(tong)判之(zhi)(zhi)名。’蓋王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)凡五得(de)倅而不(bu)上云(yun)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)又嘗(chang)調(diao)后村云(yun)：‘十兄(xiong)，二十年前何(he)(he)(he)其壯，二十年后何(he)(he)(he)其不(bu)壯。’劉應之(zhi)(zhi)曰：‘二畫，二十年前何(he)(he)(he)其遇，二十年后何(he)(he)(he)其不(bu)遇。’此善謔也(ye)。”

瑞鶴仙(xian)（壽(shou)(shou)葉路(lu)(lu)鈐(qian)）原文_翻譯及賞析芳(fang)菲春二月(yue)。正(zheng)軟(ruan)(ruan)紅塵里(li)，踏青時節。山川(chuan)孕(yun)人杰。好赤城丹(dan)洞，豐(feng)姿奇(qi)絕。云霄(xiao)閥(fa)閱(yue)。個精神、清(qing)如(ru)玉雪。看談兵(bing)議論(lun)，風(feng)霆舞劍，剛腸如(ru)釬(han)。聞說。年(nian)方(fang)英(ying)妙(miao)，已向城邊(bian)，飛(fei)書馳(chi)捷。誓清(qing)擊楫(ji)。寧久(jiu)此，淹車轍。對(dui)(dui)花(hua)朝(chao)稱壽(shou)(shou)，朱(zhu)顏(yan)未老，盡有功名(ming)(ming)事(shi)業。便張(zhang)韓(han)劉岳傳(chuan)(chuan)名(ming)(ming)，何如(ru)一(yi)(yi)葉。——宋(song)代·王(wang)邁(mai)《瑞鶴仙(xian)（壽(shou)(shou)葉路(lu)(lu)鈐(qian)）》 瑞鶴仙(xian)（壽(shou)(shou)葉路(lu)(lu)鈐(qian)）芳(fang)菲春二月(yue)。正(zheng)軟(ruan)(ruan)紅塵里(li)，踏青時節。山川(chuan)孕(yun)人杰。好赤城丹(dan)洞，豐(feng)姿奇(qi)絕。云霄(xiao)閥(fa)閱(yue)。個精神、清(qing)如(ru)玉雪。看談兵(bing)議論(lun)，風(feng)霆舞劍，剛腸如(ru)釬(han)。聞說。年(nian)方(fang)英(ying)妙(miao)，已向城邊(bian)，飛(fei)書馳(chi)捷。誓清(qing)擊楫(ji)。寧久(jiu)此，淹車轍。對(dui)(dui)花(hua)朝(chao)稱壽(shou)(shou)，朱(zhu)顏(yan)未老，盡有功名(ming)(ming)事(shi)業。便張(zhang)韓(han)劉岳傳(chuan)(chuan)名(ming)(ming)，何如(ru)一(yi)(yi)葉。王(wang)邁(mai)(1184～1248) ，南(nan)(nan)宋(song)詩(shi)人。字實之，一(yi)(yi)作貫之。自號臞(qu)軒居(ju)士(shi)。今福建仙(xian)游(you)縣園莊鎮（舊稱慈(ci)孝里(li)）人。嘉定十(shi)年(nian)(1217)進士(shi)，經歷(li)南(nan)(nan)外(wai)睦宗院(yuan)教授(shou)、漳州通判等職。為(wei)人剛直敢(gan)言，劉克莊曾以"策好人爭誦，名(ming)(ming)高士(shi)責全(quan)"詩(shi)句相贈。后來他由于(yu)應(ying)詔(zhao)直言，被臺官彈劾而降職。淳□中，主持邵武軍事(shi)務(wu)，死后追(zhui)封為(wei)司農少卿(qing)。王(wang)邁(mai)

西園昨夜，又一番(fan)、闌風伏雨。清(qing)(qing)晨按行(xing)處。有(you)新綠(lv)照人，亂紅迷路。歸吟窗底，但瓶幾留連春住。窺晴小蝶翩(pian)(pian)翩(pian)(pian)，等間飛來似相妒。遲暮。家山信(xin)杳，奈錦(jin)字難憑，清(qing)(qing)夢無據(ju)。春盡江頭(tou)，啼(ti)鵑最凄(qi)苦。薔(qiang)薇幾度花開，誤風前、翠樽誰舉(ju)。也(ye)應念、留滯周南(nan)，思(si)歸未賦。——宋代(dai)·周端臣《清(qing)(qing)夜游（越調(diao)）》清(qing)(qing)夜游（越調(diao)）

西園昨夜，又一番、闌風伏雨。清晨按行處。有新綠照人，亂紅迷路。歸吟窗底，但瓶幾留連春住。窺晴小蝶翩翩，等間飛來似相妒。遲暮。家山信杳，奈錦字難憑，清夢無據。春盡江頭，啼鵑最凄苦。薔薇幾度花開，誤風前、翠樽誰舉。也應念、留滯周南，思歸未賦。木兔與金雞。刑德臨門有偶奇。爐內丹砂(sha)宜(yi)沐(mu)浴，防危。神水溶溶滿(man)玉池(chi)。年月日并時。刻里(li)工夫一例推(tui)。著意研窮(qiong)丹造次，毫厘。十月殷(yin)勤(qin)自保持。——宋代·蕭廷之《南(nan)鄉子(zi)》南(nan)鄉子(zi)

木兔與金雞。刑德臨門有偶奇。爐內丹砂宜沐浴，防危。神水溶溶滿玉池。
年月日并時。刻里工夫一例推。著意研(yan)窮(qiong)丹造次，毫厘。十月殷勤自保持。飛露初霜。冷侵金(jin)井(jing)，響(xiang)到(dao)銀床。懊恨碧梧，不留一葉，月占紗窗(chuang)。雁聲做盡凄涼(liang)。又陡頓(dun)、衾寒夜長。曲曲屏(ping)山，重重客夢，無(wu)限思量。——宋代(dai)·施樞《柳梢(shao)青(qing)》柳梢(shao)青(qing)

飛露初霜。冷侵金井，響到銀床。懊恨碧梧，不留一葉，月占紗窗。
雁聲(sheng)做盡凄涼。又陡(dou)頓(dun)、衾寒夜長。曲(qu)曲(qu)屏山，重重客(ke)夢，無限思量。

兩(liang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)者同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)日抵文(wen)言文(wen)翻譯1. 急求一(yi)段(duan)文(wen)言文(wen)翻譯 道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)河間人(ren)，他的(de)(de)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)先是(shi)(shi)蒙(meng)古(gu)族.道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)侍奉母親因孝(xiao)敬聞(wen)名.洪武(wu)初年，被推(tui)薦(jian)任命(ming)為(wei)太常司贊禮郎，調出作番禺知縣(xian)(xian).番禺此(ci)前以事(shi)(shi)(shi)務雜亂(luan)難理聞(wen)名，而(er)且防(fang)守(shou)當地的(de)(de)軍士尤其(qi)蠻橫，他們多次(ci)鞭打羞辱(ru)縣(xian)(xian)中的(de)(de)副(fu)佐官吏，以前的(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)令全都(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)忍受.道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)執法(fa)嚴(yan)明(ming)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)合道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)理的(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)(shi)情一(yi)律抗拒不(bu)(bu)(bu)聽，人(ren)民依靠他這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)才稍(shao)微安定了(le)(le).不(bu)(bu)(bu)久，永(yong)嘉侯朱亮(liang)(liang)(liang)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)到(dao)了(le)(le)，他多次(ci)用(yong)(yong)(yong)權勢(shi)(shi)(shi)想左(zuo)右道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)沒有被動搖.有錢有勢(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)幾(ji)十個(ge)惡(e)霸壓(ya)低價格(ge)購(gou)買集(ji)市上的(de)(de)珍寶物品，他們稍(shao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)如意，總是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)各種(zhong)罪(zui)名誣陷人(ren).道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)四通八達的(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路上給他們加上腳鐐和(he)手銬，各個(ge)惡(e)霸的(de)(de)家人(ren)爭(zheng)著(zhu)賄(hui)賂(lu)朱亮(liang)(liang)(liang)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)求他給免(mian)罪(zui)脫身.亮(liang)(liang)(liang)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)設(she)酒(jiu)席召來道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，語氣和(he)緩地說(shuo)這(zhe)(zhe)件(jian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)情.道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)聲音嚴(yan)厲地說(shuo)："您是(shi)(shi)大臣(chen)，怎么(me)受小人(ren)的(de)(de)役使(shi)(shi)(shi)呢！"亮(liang)(liang)(liang)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)使(shi)(shi)(shi)他屈服.有一(yi)天(tian)，亮(liang)(liang)(liang)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)打破了(le)(le)那些(xie)惡(e)霸的(de)(de)腳鐐和(he)手銬把(ba)他們放(fang)走了(le)(le)，他還借著(zhu)別的(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)板子(zi)打了(le)(le)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong).一(yi)個(ge)姓(xing)羅(luo)的(de)(de)富民，把(ba)女兒嫁給朱亮(liang)(liang)(liang)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，他們兄弟于(yu)是(shi)(shi)依仗權勢(shi)(shi)(shi)做(zuo)壞(huai)事(shi)(shi)(shi).道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)又追(zhui)究(jiu)懲處了(le)(le)他們，朱亮(liang)(liang)(liang)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)又把(ba)他們搶回去了(le)(le).道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)郁積不(bu)(bu)(bu)平之氣，分(fen)條(tiao)陳述朱亮(liang)(liang)(liang)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)壞(huai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)上奏朝廷.道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)奏章沒到(dao)，朱亮(liang)(liang)(liang)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)揭發道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)譏諷(feng)傲慢(man)無理的(de)(de)情況(kuang)的(de)(de)奏章先到(dao)了(le)(le).皇帝不(bu)(bu)(bu)知其(qi)中的(de)(de)原因，于(yu)是(shi)(shi)派使(shi)(shi)(shi)臣(chen)誅殺(sha)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong).正(zheng)趕(gan)上道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)奏章也到(dao)了(le)(le)，皇帝才明(ming)白(bai)了(le)(le)，認為(wei)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)職位很(hen)低，卻敢(gan)于(yu)指(zhi)出大臣(chen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)法(fa)的(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，他這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)人(ren)耿直可用(yong)(yong)(yong)，又派使(shi)(shi)(shi)臣(chen)寬恕道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong).兩(liang)個(ge)使(shi)(shi)(shi)臣(chen)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)天(tian)到(dao)這(zhe)(zhe)番禺，后(hou)面的(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)臣(chen)剛到(dao)，道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)已(yi)經被殺(sha)了(le)(le).縣(xian)(xian)民哀悼痛惜他，有的(de)(de)人(ren)刻木做(zuo)成牌位在(zai)家中祭祀，問卜事(shi)(shi)(shi)情總是(shi)(shi)應驗(yan)，于(yu)是(shi)(shi)傳說(shuo)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)成了(le)(le)神.當道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)未被殺(sha)死(si)時，布政(zheng)使(shi)(shi)(shi)徐(xu)本向來敬重(zhong)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong).一(yi)次(ci)，道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)正(zheng)打一(yi)個(ge)犯法(fa)醫(yi)生(sheng)的(de)(de)板子(zi)，還沒打完，可是(shi)(shi)徐(xu)本急著(zhu)想要(yao)找那個(ge)醫(yi)生(sheng)，派了(le)(le)士兵告訴(su)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)釋放(fang)他.道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)嚴(yan)正(zheng)地說(shuo)："徐(xu)公竟然也效法(fa)永(yong)嘉侯嗎(ma) "打完了(le)(le)板子(zi)才送(song)走那個(ge)醫(yi)生(sheng).從此(ci)，上級官員(yuan)更加畏懼道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，然而(er)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)終究(jiu)因此(ci)召來了(le)(le)災禍。

2. 急(ji)求一段文言文翻譯 道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)河間人，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖(zu)先是(shi)蒙古族(zu).道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)侍奉母親因(yin)孝(xiao)敬聞(wen)名.洪(hong)武初年，被推薦任命為太常司贊禮郎，調(diao)出作番禺(yu)知縣.番禺(yu)此(ci)前以事務雜亂難理聞(wen)名，而且防守當地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軍士尤其蠻橫，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)多次(ci)鞭打(da)(da)羞辱縣中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)副佐官吏，以前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)縣令全都不(bu)能(neng)忍(ren)受(shou)(shou).道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)執法嚴明，不(bu)合道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事情(qing)一律抗拒(ju)不(bu)聽，人民依(yi)靠(kao)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)這樣才稍微安定了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le).不(bu)久，永嘉侯(hou)朱(zhu)(zhu)亮(liang)祖(zu)到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)多次(ci)用權勢(shi)想左右道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)沒有(you)被動(dong)搖.有(you)錢有(you)勢(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)十(shi)個(ge)惡(e)(e)霸(ba)(ba)壓低價格(ge)購買集市上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍寶物品，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)稍不(bu)如意，總是(shi)用各種罪(zui)名誣陷(xian)人.道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在四通八達的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路上(shang)給他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)加上(shang)腳鐐和(he)手(shou)銬，各個(ge)惡(e)(e)霸(ba)(ba)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家人爭著(zhu)賄(hui)賂(lu)朱(zhu)(zhu)亮(liang)祖(zu)求他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)給免罪(zui)脫身.亮(liang)祖(zu)設(she)酒席召來(lai)(lai)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，語氣和(he)緩地(di)說這件事情(qing).道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)聲音嚴厲地(di)說："您是(shi)大(da)臣，怎么受(shou)(shou)小人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)役使(shi)(shi)(shi)呢！"亮(liang)祖(zu)不(bu)能(neng)使(shi)(shi)(shi)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)屈服.有(you)一天(tian)(tian)，亮(liang)祖(zu)打(da)(da)破了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)那些惡(e)(e)霸(ba)(ba)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腳鐐和(he)手(shou)銬把他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)放走了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)還借著(zhu)別的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事用板(ban)子打(da)(da)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong).一個(ge)姓羅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富民，把女兒嫁給朱(zhu)(zhu)亮(liang)祖(zu)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)兄弟于是(shi)依(yi)仗權勢(shi)做(zuo)壞事.道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)又追究懲處了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)，朱(zhu)(zhu)亮(liang)祖(zu)又把他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)搶回去(qu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le).道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)郁(yu)積(ji)不(bu)平(ping)之氣，分條陳述(shu)朱(zhu)(zhu)亮(liang)祖(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壞事上(shang)奏(zou)朝廷.道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奏(zou)章沒到(dao)，朱(zhu)(zhu)亮(liang)祖(zu)揭(jie)發(fa)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)譏(ji)諷傲慢無理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奏(zou)章先到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le).皇帝不(bu)知其中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)，于是(shi)派(pai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)臣誅(zhu)殺道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong).正趕上(shang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奏(zou)章也(ye)(ye)到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，皇帝才明白(bai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，認(ren)為道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職位很低，卻敢于指出大(da)臣不(bu)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)這個(ge)人耿直可(ke)用，又派(pai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)臣寬恕道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong).兩個(ge)使(shi)(shi)(shi)臣同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一天(tian)(tian)到(dao)這番禺(yu)，后面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)臣剛(gang)到(dao)，道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)已(yi)經被殺了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le).縣民哀悼(dao)痛惜(xi)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)，有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人刻木做(zuo)成牌位在家中祭祀(si)，問卜(bu)事情(qing)總是(shi)應驗(yan)，于是(shi)傳說道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)成了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)神.當道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)未(wei)被殺死時，布(bu)政(zheng)使(shi)(shi)(shi)徐(xu)本(ben)向來(lai)(lai)敬重道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong).一次(ci)，道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)正打(da)(da)一個(ge)犯法醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)板(ban)子，還沒打(da)(da)完(wan)，可(ke)是(shi)徐(xu)本(ben)急(ji)著(zhu)想要找那個(ge)醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)，派(pai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)士兵告訴道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)釋放他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta).道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)嚴正地(di)說："徐(xu)公(gong)竟(jing)然也(ye)(ye)效法永嘉侯(hou)嗎(ma) "打(da)(da)完(wan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)板(ban)子才送(song)走那個(ge)醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng).從此(ci)，上(shang)級官員更加畏懼道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，然而道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)終(zhong)究因(yin)此(ci)召來(lai)(lai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)災禍。

3. 文言文翻譯 這(zhe)么多都翻譯嗎？那(nei)得費些功夫 徐鹿卿，字德(de)夫，隆興(xing)豐(feng)城人。

博通經史，以文學名于(yu)鄉，后進爭師宗之。嘉定十六年(nian)，廷試進士，有司第其對(dui)居二(er)，詳定官以其直抑之，猶置(zhi)第十。

調南(nan)安軍學教授。張九(jiu)成(cheng)嘗(chang)以直道謫居，鹿卿摭其言行，刻諸學以訓。

先是周敦(dun)頤、程(cheng)顥與其(qi)弟頤皆(jie)講學(xue)是邦，鹿(lu)卿申其(qi)教，由(you)是理義之(zhi)學(xue)復明。立養(yang)士綱(gang)條(tiao)，學(xue)田多在溪峒，異時(shi)征之(zhi)無藝(yi)，農(nong)病之(zhi)，鹿(lu)卿撫恤，無逋(bu)租者。

其后盜作(zuo)，環(huan)城屋皆毀(hui)，惟(wei)學宮免，曰："是(shi)無撓我(wo)者(zhe)。" 辟福建安撫司(si)干(gan)辦公事(shi)。

會汀、邵寇作，鹿卿(qing)贊畫備御(yu)，動(dong)中機會。避寇者入城，多方振濟，全活(huo)甚眾(zhong)。

郡多火災，救(jiu)護有方(fang)。會(hui)都(dou)城火，鹿(lu)卿應詔上(shang)封事(shi)，言積陰之(zhi)極(ji)，其(qi)征為火，指言惑(huo)嬖寵(chong)、溺燕私、用小人(ren)三(san)事(shi)尤切。

真(zhen)德秀稱其(qi)氣平論(lun)正(zheng)，有憂愛之誠心(xin)。改(gai)知(zhi)尤溪縣。

德秀(xiu)守泉，辟宰(zai)南安，鹿(lu)卿以(yi)不(bu)便養(yang)辭。德秀(xiu)曰："道同志合(he)，可以(yi)拯(zheng)民，何憚不(bu)來？"鹿(lu)卿入白其母(mu)，欣然許之(zhi)。

既至，首罷科斂(lian)之無名者，明版籍(ji)，革預借，決(jue)壅滯，達冤抑，邑以大治。德秀尋帥閩，疏其政以勸列邑。

歲(sui)饑，處之有(you)法，富者樂分，民無死徙。最聞，令赴都堂(tang)審察。

以母喪去。 詔服(fu)闋赴樞密稟議，首言邊事、楮幣。

主管官告院，干辦諸司(si)審計司(si)。故(gu)相子以集英殿修撰食祠祿，又幫司(si)農(nong)少卿米麥，鹿卿曰："奈何為一(yi)人壞成法。

"持不可。遷國子監主簿。

入(ru)對，陳六事(shi)，曰："洗(xi)凡陋以(yi)(yi)起(qi)事(shi)功，昭勸(quan)懲(cheng)以(yi)(yi)收主(zhu)柄，清班著以(yi)(yi)儲實才，重藩輔(fu)以(yi)(yi)蔽(bi)都邑，用(yong)閩(min)、越舟師以(yi)(yi)防海，合東南全力以(yi)(yi)守江。"上皆嘉納。

改樞(shu)密院編(bian)修官，權右(you)司(si)，贊(zan)畫二(er)府，通而守法(fa)。會右(you)史方大琮(cong)、編(bian)修劉(liu)克莊(zhuang)、正字王邁(mai)以言事黜，鹿卿贈以詩(shi)，言者并劾之(zhi)，太學諸生作《四賢(xian)詩(shi)》。

知建(jian)昌軍，未上，而崇(chong)教、龍會(hui)兩保(bao)與建(jian)黎原、鐵城之(zhi)民(min)修怨交兵，鹿卿(qing)馳書(shu)諭(yu)之(zhi)，斂手(shou)聽命。既至，則寬賦斂，禁掊克。

汰贓濫，抑強(qiang)御，恤(xu)寡(gua)弱，黥(qing)黠吏，訓戍(shu)兵(bing)，創百丈砦，擇(ze)兵(bing)官(guan)，城屬縣，治(zhi)行大孚，田里歌誦。 督(du)府橫取秋苗斛面(mian)，建昌為(wei)米五千斛。

鹿卿(qing)爭之曰："守可去(qu)，米不(bu)可得。"民恐(kong)失(shi)鹿卿(qing)，請輸之以共(gong)命。

鹿卿(qing)曰："民(min)為(wei)守計則善矣。守獨不(bu)為(wei)民(min)計乎？"卒(zu)爭以免。

召(zhao)赴行(xing)在，將行(xing)，盜發南豐，捕斬渠首二十人，余(yu)不問。擢度支郎官兼右司。

入對，極陳(chen)時敝。改侍右郎官兼敕令刪修官，兼右司。

鹿卿又言當時并(bing)相(xiang)之敝。宰相(xiang)以甘言誘鹿卿，退語人(ren)曰："是(shi)牢籠也(ye)，吾不能為宰相(xiang)私人(ren)。

"言者(zhe)以他事詆(di)鹿卿，主管(guan)云臺觀。越月(yue)，起(qi)為江東轉運判(pan)官(guan)。

歲大饑，人相(xiang)食，留守別(bie)之(zhi)杰(jie)諱不詰(jie)，鹿(lu)卿(qing)命(ming)掩捕食人者，尸諸市。又奏(zou)援真德(de)秀為漕時撥錢以助(zhu)振給，不報。

遂出本司積米三千余石減(jian)半賈以糶，及減(jian)抵當庫息，出緡錢(qian)(qian)萬(wan)有七(qi)千以予(yu)貧民，勸居民收字(zi)遺孩，日(ri)給(gei)錢(qian)(qian)米，所活數百(bai)人。宴集不(bu)用樂(le)。

會岳珂守(shou)當涂，制置(zhi)茶鹽，自詭(gui)興利，橫斂百出，商旅不行(xing)，國計反(fan)屈(qu)于(yu)初。命鹿卿核之(zhi)，吏爭竄(cuan)匿。

鹿卿(qing)寬其期限，躬自鉤(gou)考，盡得其實。珂辟置貪刻(ke)吏，開告訐以罔(wang)民，沒其財，民李士賢有稻二千石(shi)，囚之半歲。

鹿卿(qing)悉縱舍(she)而勸以其余(yu)分，皆(jie)感泣(qi)奉(feng)命。珂罷，以鹿卿(qing)兼領太平，仍暫提舉茶鹽(yan)事。

弛苛征，蠲米石、蕪湖兩務蘆稅。江東(dong)諸郡(jun)飛蝗蔽天，入當涂境，鹿卿露(lu)香默禱(dao)，忽(hu)飄風大起，蝗悉度(du)淮(huai)。

之杰密(mi)請(qing)移鹿卿(qing)浙東提點刑獄，加(jia)直秘閣兼(jian)提舉常(chang)平。鹿卿(qing)言罷(ba)浮鹽經界(jie)堿地，先撤相(xiang)家所筑，就捕者自言："我(wo)相(xiang)府人。

"鹿卿曰："行法(fa)(fa)必自貴近(jin)始(shi)。"卒(zu)論如法(fa)(fa)。

丞(cheng)相史彌遠之弟通判溫(wen)州。利韓世忠家寶玩，籍之，鹿卿奏削其(qi)官。

初，鹿卿檄衢州推(tui)官馮惟(wei)說(shuo)(shuo)決婺(wu)獄(yu)，惟(wei)說(shuo)(shuo)素(su)廉平，至則辨(bian)曲直，出淹禁。大(da)家(jia)不(bu)快其為，會鄉人居(ju)言路，乃屬劾惟(wei)說(shuo)(shuo)。

州(zhou)索印紙(zhi)，惟說笑曰："是猶可以仕乎？"自(zi)(zi)題(ti)詩(shi)印紙(zhi)而去。衢(qu)州(zhou)鄭(zheng)逢(feng)辰以繆舉，鹿(lu)卿以委使不當，相(xiang)繼自(zi)(zi)劾，且共和其(qi)詩(shi)。

御史(shi)兼二人劾(he)罷之。及知泉州(zhou)，改贛(gan)州(zhou)，皆辭。

遷浙西提點刑獄(yu)、江(jiang)淮都(dou)大(da)坑冶，皆以病固(gu)辭，遂主管(guan)玉局觀。及召還，又(you)辭，改(gai)直寶(bao)章閣知寧國府，提舉江(jiang)東(dong)常平，又(you)辭。

淳佑三年(nian)，以右司(si)召，猶(you)辭。丞相(xiang)杜范遺書曰："直道不容，使人擊(ji)節。

君不出(chu)(chu)，豈(qi)以馮(feng)惟說故耶？惟說行將有命矣。"鹿(lu)卿(qing)乃(nai)出(chu)(chu)。

擢太府少卿(qing)兼右司。入對(dui)，請定(ding)國本、正(zheng)紀綱、立規模，"時(shi)事多艱，人心易搖，無(wu)獨力(li)任重之臣，無(wu)守(shou)節伏義之士，愿(yuan)蚤決大計"。

上嘉納之(zhi)。兼中書(shu)門下(xia)省(sheng)檢正諸(zhu)房(fang)公事，兼崇政殿說書(shu)。

逾(yu)年，兼權吏部(bu)侍郎。時議(yi)使執(zhi)政(zheng)分治兵財(cai)，鹿卿執(zhi)議(yi)不可。

以疾丐(gai)祠(ci)，遷右文殿修撰、知平江府兼發運副使(shi)。力丐(gai)祠(ci)，上(shang)諭丞(cheng)相(xiang)挽留之。

召權兵(bing)部(bu)侍郎，固(gu)辭，上令丞相以(yi)書招之，鹿(lu)卿至，又極言君子小人，切于當(dang)世之務。兼國(guo)子祭酒，權禮部(bu)侍郎，兼同(tong)修國(guo)史，兼實錄(lu)院同(tong)修撰，兼侍講，兼權給(gei)事中。

鹿(lu)卿(qing)言"瑣闥之職(zhi)無所不(bu)當問(wen)，比(bi)年(nian)命下(xia)而給舍不(bu)得知，請復(fu)舊(jiu)制(zhi)"。從之。

上眷(juan)遇冞篤(du)而忌者浸(jin)多(duo)，有撰偽疏托鹿卿以傳播(bo)，歷詆宰相至(zhi)百執事(shi)，鹿卿初不(bu)(bu)知也，遂力辨上前，因乞去，上曰："去，則中奸(jian)人之(zhi)計矣。"令臨(lin)安府(fu)根捕，事(shi)連勢要，獄不(bu)(bu)及竟。

遷禮部侍(shi)郎。累疏(shu)告(gao)老，授寶章閣待制、知寧國府，而引年(nian)之疏(shu)五(wu)上，不(bu)允，提舉(ju)鴻禧觀(guan)，遂致仕，進華文閣待制。

卒(zu)，遺表(biao)聞(wen)，贈四(si)官。 鹿(lu)卿(qing)居(ju)家。

4. 荀(xun)巨伯探友(you) 古文(wen)翻譯 《荀(xun)巨伯探友(you)》譯文(wen)

荀(xun)巨(ju)伯(bo)（1）遠看友(you)人(ren)疾，值（2）胡賊（3）攻郡，友(you)人(ren)語（4）巨(ju)伯(bo)曰(yue)(yue)：“吾今死矣(yi)，子(zi)（5）可去(qu)。”巨(ju)伯(bo)曰(yue)(yue)：“遠來相(xiang)視，子(zi)令(ling)吾去(qu)；敗義(yi)（6）以求(qiu)生，豈荀(xun)巨(ju)伯(bo)所行邪！”賊既至，謂荀(xun)巨(ju)伯(bo)曰(yue)(yue)：“大(da)軍至，一(yi)(yi)郡盡空(kong)，汝（7）何男(nan)子(zi)，而敢(gan)獨止（8）？”巨(ju)伯(bo)曰(yue)(yue)：“友(you)人(ren)有疾，不忍委（9）之，寧以我身代(dai)友(you)人(ren)命。”賊相(xiang)謂（10）曰(yue)(yue)：“我輩無義(yi)之人(ren)，而入有義(yi)之國。”遂(sui)班(ban)軍（11）而還，一(yi)(yi)郡并(bing)獲全（12）。（出自《世說新語·德行第一(yi)(yi)》）

注釋

(1) 荀(xun)巨伯：漢桓帝時穎川(chuan)（今河(he)南省中部及南部一(yi)帶）人，生平不可考。

(2) 值：適逢。

(3) 胡(hu)賊：指北(bei)方異族入侵中原的流寇。古時我國(guo)西、北(bei)部一帶少數民族統(tong)稱為“胡(hu)”。

(4) 語：告誡，對人說。

(5) 子：尊稱(cheng)，相當于(yu)“您”。

(6) 敗(bai)義：敗(bai)壞道義。

(7) 汝：你。

(8) 止：停留不走(zou)。

(9) 委：拋棄。

(10) 相(xiang)謂：相(xiang)互議論。

(11) 班軍：調軍隊回去。

(12) 獲全(quan)：得到(dao)保全(quan)，免(mian)受侵害。

(13) 相視：看望你(ni)。

(14) 一：整個。

(15) 獨止：一個人(ren)留下。

(16) 無義(yi)：不(bu)懂道義(yi)。

譯文

荀巨(ju)(ju)伯(bo)到遠方探望(wang)生(sheng)(sheng)病的(de)(de)朋(peng)友(you)，正(zheng)好遇上胡人(ren)來(lai)(lai)攻(gong)城(cheng)。友(you)人(ren)對巨(ju)(ju)伯(bo)說(shuo)(shuo)：“我是(shi)快死的(de)(de)人(ren)了(le)(le)，你(ni)趕快走吧(ba)！”荀巨(ju)(ju)伯(bo)說(shuo)(shuo)：“我遠道而來(lai)(lai)探望(wang)你(ni)，你(ni)卻要我離開；這(zhe)種為了(le)(le)貪生(sheng)(sheng)怕死而敗壞道義(yi)的(de)(de)行徑，難道是(shi)我荀巨(ju)(ju)伯(bo)所(suo)能做得出(chu)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)嗎？” 等到賊兵(bing)來(lai)(lai)了(le)(le)，問荀巨(ju)(ju)伯(bo)說(shuo)(shuo)：“大軍一到，全(quan)城(cheng)的(de)(de)人(ren)都逃走了(le)(le)，你(ni)是(shi)什么人(ren)，竟敢獨自停留(liu)在這(zhe)里(li)？”荀巨(ju)(ju)伯(bo)回答(da)說(shuo)(shuo)：“友(you)人(ren)有(you)病，不忍心拋下(xia)他，寧(ning)愿(yuan)用我的(de)(de)性命來(lai)(lai)換取朋(peng)友(you)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)命！”賊兵(bing)聽了(le)(le)相互(hu)說(shuo)(shuo)道：“我們(men)這(zhe)些無義(yi)的(de)(de)人(ren)，竟然攻(gong)入(ru)這(zhe)個(ge)講(jiang)究道義(yi)的(de)(de)國家！”于是(shi)整(zheng)個(ge)軍隊撤離小城(cheng)，全(quan)城(cheng)因而得以(yi)保(bao)全(quan)。

點(dian)睛之筆：我(wo)輩無義(yi)之人，而(er)入有義(yi)之國。

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