“文(wen)(wen)(wen)史(shi)(shi)相(xiang)通(tong)"一(yi)(yi)(yi)直是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共(gong)識,詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為文(wen)(wen)(wen)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)部(bu)(bu)分,與(yu)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)著千絲萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)縷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系。古人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)用詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)反映當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)社會(hui)現實,用詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)吟詠王(wang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)興替、世(shi)事(shi)(shi)變(bian)遷,不(bu)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)詞,蘊(yun)含著詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)感(gan)和經(jing)歷(li)(li)(li),折射出當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)各(ge)(ge)階層(ceng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)境遇。01《擊壤歌(ge)(ge)(ge)》先秦(qin)(qin)(佚(yi)名)日(ri)(ri)出而(er)(er)(er)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),日(ri)(ri)入(ru)而(er)(er)(er)息。鑿井而(er)(er)(er)飲,耕(geng)田(tian)(tian)而(er)(er)(er)食。帝(di)力于(yu)(yu)(yu)我(wo)何(he)(he)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)哉(zai)!先秦(qin)(qin)(舊(jiu)(jiu)石器時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)--公(gong)元前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)221年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),這(zhe)(zhe)首(shou)民(min)(min)(min)(min)謠(yao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)先秦(qin)(qin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi),描繪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)上(shang)古堯時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)太平(ping)(ping)盛世(shi),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)過(guo)著無(wu)(wu)憂無(wu)(wu)慮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo),太陽出來(lai)就(jiu)(jiu)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始干活(huo),太陽落下(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)回家(jia)(jia)(jia)休(xiu)息,開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)鑿井泉就(jiu)(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)水飲,耕(geng)種田(tian)(tian)地(di)就(jiu)(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)飯吃(chi)……這(zhe)(zhe)反映了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)農耕(geng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯著特點(dian),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)勞(lao)動(dong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)自(zi)(zi)食其力生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)實寫(xie)照。02《十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)從軍行(xing)》兩漢(佚(yi)名)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)從軍征(zheng),八十(shi)(shi)始得(de)(de)歸(gui)。道(dao)逢鄉(xiang)里人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),家(jia)(jia)(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)阿誰(shui) 遙看是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)君(jun)家(jia)(jia)(jia),松柏冢累累。兔從狗竇入(ru),雉從梁(liang)上(shang)飛(fei)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庭(ting)生(sheng)(sheng)旅谷,井上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)旅葵。舂谷持作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)飯,采(cai)葵持作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)羹。羹飯一(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熟,不(bu)知貽(yi)阿誰(shui) 出門東(dong)向望(wang),淚(lei)落沾我(wo)衣(yi)。兩漢(前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)202~220),《十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)從軍征(zheng)》作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)兩漢時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)首(shou)暴(bao)露(lu)封建(jian)社會(hui)不(bu)合理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兵役(yi)制(zhi)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漢代(dai)(dai)(dai)樂(le)府民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge),反映了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)勞(lao)動(dong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)在(zai)當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)黑暗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兵役(yi)制(zhi)度下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)平(ping)(ping)和痛苦(ku)(ku)(ku)。這(zhe)(zhe)首(shou)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)描繪了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)位少年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)從軍65年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)返回故里時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)破人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)亡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)景,揭(jie)露(lu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兵役(yi)制(zhi)度給勞(lao)動(dong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)帶(dai)(dai)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苦(ku)(ku)(ku)難(nan)。03《飲酒·其五(wu)(wu)》晉(jin)·陶淵明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)結廬(lu)在(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)境,而(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)車馬(ma)喧。問(wen)君(jun)何(he)(he)能爾(er) 心遠地(di)自(zi)(zi)偏(pian)。采(cai)菊東(dong)籬下(xia)(xia),悠(you)然見(jian)(jian)(jian)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)氣日(ri)(ri)夕佳,飛(fei)鳥相(xiang)與(yu)還。此(ci)(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)真(zhen)意(yi),欲(yu)(yu)辨已忘言(yan)(yan)。魏晉(jin)(265~420),此(ci)(ci)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)魏晉(jin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi),詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)“逍(xiao)遙”、“隱(yin)逸”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)格而(er)(er)(er)聞(wen)名,飲酒和縱情(qing)(qing)山(shan)(shan)(shan)水是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)他(ta)所崇尚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)方(fang)式。通(tong)過(guo)此(ci)(ci)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)以(yi)看出:魏晉(jin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)學日(ri)(ri)益(yi)擺脫經(jing)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響,開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始尋找文(wen)(wen)(wen)學自(zi)(zi)身(shen)(shen)獨立(li)存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)義。04《木蘭詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》(節選)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(佚(yi)名)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)里赴戎機,關(guan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)度若飛(fei)。朔氣傳金(jin)柝,寒光照鐵衣(yi)。將軍百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)戰(zhan)(zhan)死(si)(si),壯士(shi)(shi)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)歸(gui)。南(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(420—589),《木蘭詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)首(shou)長(chang)篇(pian)(pian)敘事(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge),也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)篇(pian)(pian)樂(le)府詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)概述了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭曠日(ri)(ri)持久,戰(zhan)(zhan)斗(dou)激烈悲(bei)(bei)壯。將士(shi)(shi)們(men)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)征(zheng)戰(zhan)(zhan),歷(li)(li)(li)經(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次次殘(can)(can)(can)酷(ku)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)斗(dou),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)死(si)(si),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歸(gui)來(lai)。05《飲馬(ma)長(chang)城(cheng)窟行(xing)》隋(sui)(sui)·楊廣(guang)肅(su)肅(su)秋風(feng)(feng)起,悠(you)悠(you)行(xing)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)里。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)里何(he)(he)所行(xing),橫漠筑長(chang)城(cheng)。豈(qi)臺(tai)小子(zi)智,先圣之(zhi)所營。樹(shu)茲萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)世(shi)策(ce),安(an)(an)此(ci)(ci)億兆生(sheng)(sheng)。詎敢憚焦思(si),高枕于(yu)(yu)(yu)上(shang)京。北(bei)(bei)河(he)見(jian)(jian)(jian)武節,千里卷戎旌。山(shan)(shan)(shan)川互出沒(mei),原(yuan)(yuan)野窮超(chao)忽。撞金(jin)止(zhi)行(xing)陣,鳴鼓興士(shi)(shi)卒。千乘萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)旗動(dong),飲馬(ma)長(chang)城(cheng)窟。秋昏(hun)塞外(wai)(wai)云,霧暗關(guan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)月(yue)(yue)(yue)。緣(yuan)巖(yan)驛馬(ma)上(shang),乘空(kong)烽火發。借問(wen)長(chang)城(cheng)侯(hou),單于(yu)(yu)(yu)入(ru)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)謁。濁氣靜天(tian)山(shan)(shan)(shan),晨光照高闕。釋兵仍振旅,要荒事(shi)(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)舉(ju)。飲至(zhi)告(gao)言(yan)(yan)旋,功歸(gui)清(qing)廟前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。隋(sui)(sui)(581~618),該詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)元610年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)元月(yue)(yue)(yue),隋(sui)(sui)煬帝(di)在(zai)洛陽用演戲來(lai)招待從西域(yu)(yu)而(er)(er)(er)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)后多達一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。洛陽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)店鋪(pu)都(dou)(dou)用帷帳裝飾,讓(rang)西域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)免費吃(chi)飯,免費住宿。隋(sui)(sui)煬帝(di)用巨額國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錢財賺取虛有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名聲(sheng),但(dan)這(zhe)(zhe)場盛會(hui)也(ye)(ye)耗盡(jin)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)隋(sui)(sui)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)力,不(bu)久,隋(sui)(sui)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)滅亡。06《和賈舍(she)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)早朝(chao)(chao)(chao)大(da)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)宮(gong)(gong)之(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)》唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)·王(wang)維絳幘雞(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)報曉籌,尚衣(yi)方(fang)進翠云裘。九天(tian)閶闔開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)宮(gong)(gong)殿(dian),萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)國(guo)(guo)衣(yi)冠拜(bai)冕旒(liu)(liu)。日(ri)(ri)色才臨(lin)仙(xian)(xian)掌動(dong),香(xiang)煙欲(yu)(yu)傍袞龍浮(fu)。朝(chao)(chao)(chao)罷(ba)須裁五(wu)(wu)色詔,佩聲(sheng)歸(gui)到鳳池(chi)頭。“九天(tian)閶闔開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)宮(gong)(gong)殿(dian),萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)國(guo)(guo)衣(yi)冠拜(bai)冕旒(liu)(liu)”九重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)皇(huang)宮(gong)(gong)打開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)金(jin)紅宮(gong)(gong)門,萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使臣都(dou)(dou)躬身(shen)(shen)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)拜(bai)皇(huang)帝(di)。那時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)盛唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(713~755),唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疆(jiang)域(yu)(yu)廣(guang)大(da),從經(jing)濟、文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、軍事(shi)(shi)等(deng)各(ge)(ge)方(fang)面說都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)世(shi)界第一(yi)(yi)(yi),國(guo)(guo)富民(min)(min)(min)(min)強(qiang),萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)方(fang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)賀,百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)充裕(yu),到大(da)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)國(guo)(guo)商(shang)賈僧侶絡(luo)繹不(bu)絕。07《春望(wang)》唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)·杜(du)甫國(guo)(guo)破山(shan)(shan)(shan)河(he)在(zai),城(cheng)春草(cao)木深。感(gan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)濺淚(lei),恨別鳥驚(jing)心。烽火連三月(yue)(yue)(yue),家(jia)(jia)(jia)書(shu)(shu)抵萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)金(jin)。白(bai)頭搔更短,渾欲(yu)(yu)不(bu)勝簪。文(wen)(wen)(wen)學上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盛唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)結束于(yu)(yu)(yu)杜(du)甫去(qu)(qu)世(shi),該詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)肅(su)宗至(zhi)德(de)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(757)春,詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)篇(pian)(pian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)頭便(bian)(bian)描寫(xie)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)春望(wang)所見(jian)(jian)(jian):山(shan)(shan)(shan)河(he)依舊(jiu)(jiu),可(ke)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)都(dou)(dou)已經(jing)淪(lun)陷,城(cheng)池(chi)也(ye)(ye)在(zai)戰(zhan)(zhan)火中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殘(can)(can)(can)破不(bu)堪(kan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le),亂(luan)(luan)草(cao)叢生(sheng)(sheng),林(lin)(lin)木荒蕪。那時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)史(shi)(shi)之(zhi)亂(luan)(luan)已持續了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),身(shen)(shen)處淪(lun)陷區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)杜(du)甫目睹了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)長(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)片蕭條零(ling)落的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)景象,百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)感(gan)交(jiao)集(ji),便(bian)(bian)寫(xie)下(xia)(xia)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)這(zhe)(zhe)首(shou)傳誦千古的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。安(an)(an)史(shi)(shi)之(zhi)亂(luan)(luan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆發導致了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)衰落,甚至(zhi)影響了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)際局(ju)勢。08《虞美(mei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)》五(wu)(wu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)·李煜春花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)秋月(yue)(yue)(yue)何(he)(he)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le) 往事(shi)(shi)知多少。小樓昨夜(ye)又東(dong)風(feng)(feng),故國(guo)(guo)不(bu)堪(kan)回首(shou)月(yue)(yue)(yue)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。雕(diao)欄(lan)玉砌應猶(you)在(zai),只(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)朱顏改。問(wen)君(jun)能有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)幾多愁 恰(qia)似一(yi)(yi)(yi)江(jiang)春水向東(dong)流。此(ci)(ci)詞是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)李煜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)代(dai)(dai)(dai)表作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),相(xiang)傳也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)李后主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絕命(ming)詞,這(zhe)(zhe)首(shou)詞通(tong)過(guo)今昔交(jiao)錯對比(bi),表現了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)亡國(guo)(guo)之(zhi)君(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)奈(nai)。五(wu)(wu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)十(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(907~979)殺伐不(bu)斷,非正義的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)休(xiu)止(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭,嚴重(zhong)(zhong)阻礙了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)社會(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)產力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展,使百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)遭受(shou)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)巨大(da)苦(ku)(ku)(ku)難(nan)。09《題(ti)臨(lin)安(an)(an)邸》宋·林(lin)(lin)升山(shan)(shan)(shan)外(wai)(wai)青(qing)山(shan)(shan)(shan)樓外(wai)(wai)樓,西湖歌(ge)(ge)(ge)舞幾時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)休(xiu) 暖風(feng)(feng)熏得(de)(de)游人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)醉(zui),直把杭州作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)汴州。這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)首(shou)諷(feng)喻詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),諷(feng)刺當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)南(nan)宋小朝(chao)(chao)(chao)廷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腐(fu)敗無(wu)(wu)能。公(gong)元1126年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),金(jin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)攻陷北(bei)(bei)宋首(shou)都(dou)(dou)汴梁(liang),俘虜了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)徽宗、欽宗兩個(ge)(ge)皇(huang)帝(di),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)(guo)土全被(bei)金(jin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)侵占。趙構逃到江(jiang)南(nan),在(zai)臨(lin)安(an)(an)即(ji)位,史(shi)(shi)稱南(nan)宋。南(nan)宋并沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)接受(shou)北(bei)(bei)宋亡國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)慘痛教(jiao)訓而(er)(er)(er)發憤圖強(qiang),當(dang)(dang)政者(zhe)不(bu)思(si)收(shou)復中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)(yuan)失地(di),只(zhi)(zhi)求(qiu)茍且偏(pian)安(an)(an),對外(wai)(wai)屈膝投降,對內殘(can)(can)(can)酷(ku)迫害岳飛(fei)等(deng)愛國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)士(shi)(shi),達官顯貴(gui)(gui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)味(wei)縱情(qing)(qing)聲(sheng)色,尋歡作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)樂(le)。1276年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),南(nan)宋都(dou)(dou)城(cheng)臨(lin)安(an)(an)陷落。10《懷州子(zi)城(cheng)晚望(wang)少室》金(jin)·元好(hao)問(wen)河(he)外(wai)(wai)青(qing)山(shan)(shan)(shan)展臥屏,并州孤客倚高城(cheng)。十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)舊(jiu)(jiu)隱(yin)拋何(he)(he)處 一(yi)(yi)(yi)片傷心畫不(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。谷口暮(mu)云知鄭重(zhong)(zhong),林(lin)(lin)梢殘(can)(can)(can)照故分明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。洛陽見(jian)(jian)(jian)說兵猶(you)滿(man),半夜(ye)悲(bei)(bei)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)意(yi)未平(ping)(ping)。金(jin)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(1115年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)-1234年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),本詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)正大(da)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)三月(yue)(yue)(yue)(1232年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),身(shen)(shen)逢亂(luan)(luan)世(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),如(ru)同“安(an)(an)史(shi)(shi)之(zhi)亂(luan)(luan)”后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)杜(du)甫,目光總是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對準著破碎(sui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)河(he)和流離失所的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)。情(qing)(qing)感(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)摯凄切,“喪亂(luan)(luan)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”也(ye)(ye)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)元好(hao)問(wen)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最精彩動(dong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)分。11《山(shan)(shan)(shan)坡羊·潼(tong)關(guan)懷古》元·張養(yang)(yang)浩峰巒如(ru)聚,波濤如(ru)怒,山(shan)(shan)(shan)河(he)表里潼(tong)關(guan)路(lu)。望(wang)西都(dou)(dou),意(yi)躊躇。傷心秦(qin)(qin)漢經(jing)行(xing)處,宮(gong)(gong)闕萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)間(jian)(jian)都(dou)(dou)做了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)土。興,百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)苦(ku)(ku)(ku);亡,百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)苦(ku)(ku)(ku)!元代(dai)(dai)(dai)(1271年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)—1368年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),《潼(tong)關(guan)懷古》作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)歷(li)(li)(li)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1329年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))“興,百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)苦(ku)(ku)(ku);亡,百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)苦(ku)(ku)(ku)!”作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)指出歷(li)(li)(li)代(dai)(dai)(dai)王(wang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)興或亡,帶(dai)(dai)給百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)災(zai)禍和苦(ku)(ku)(ku)難(nan)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)代(dai)(dai)(dai)興起了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le),必(bi)定(ding)大(da)興土木,修建(jian)奢華(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宮(gong)(gong)殿(dian),從而(er)(er)(er)給人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)帶(dai)(dai)來(lai)巨大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)災(zai)難(nan);一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)代(dai)(dai)(dai)滅亡了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le),在(zai)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遭殃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)。張養(yang)(yang)浩為官清(qing)廉,愛民(min)(min)(min)(min)如(ru)子(zi)。因關(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旱災(zai),被(bei)任(ren)命(ming)為陜西行(xing)臺(tai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)丞(cheng)以(yi)賑災(zai)民(min)(min)(min)(min)。他(ta)命(ming)駕西秦(qin)(qin)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),親睹人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深重(zhong)(zhong)災(zai)難(nan),感(gan)慨(kai)嘆喟,憤憤不(bu)平(ping)(ping)、遂散盡(jin)家(jia)(jia)(jia)財,盡(jin)心盡(jin)力去(qu)(qu)救災(zai),終因過(guo)分操勞(lao)而(er)(er)(er)殉職(zhi)。12《桃(tao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)庵歌(ge)(ge)(ge)》明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)·唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)寅桃(tao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塢(wu)裏(li)桃(tao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)庵,桃(tao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)庵裏(li)桃(tao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)仙(xian)(xian)。桃(tao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)種桃(tao)樹(shu),又折花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)枝當(dang)(dang)酒錢。酒醒只(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)坐,酒醉(zui)還須花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)下(xia)(xia)眠。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)後日(ri)(ri)復日(ri)(ri),酒醉(zui)酒醒年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)復年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。不(bu)愿鞠躬車馬(ma)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),但(dan)愿老死(si)(si)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)酒間(jian)(jian)。車塵馬(ma)足貴(gui)(gui)者(zhe)趣,酒盞花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)枝貧者(zhe)緣(yuan)。若將富貴(gui)(gui)比(bi)貧賤(jian),一(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)平(ping)(ping)地(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)天(tian)。若將貧賤(jian)比(bi)車馬(ma),他(ta)得(de)(de)驅馳我(wo)得(de)(de)閑。世(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)笑我(wo)忒風(feng)(feng)顛,我(wo)咲(xiao)世(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)看不(bu)穿(chuan)。記得(de)(de)五(wu)(wu)陵豪(hao)杰墓(mu),無(wu)(wu)酒無(wu)(wu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)鋤作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)田(tian)(tian)。明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(1368~1644),該詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)寫(xie)于(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)元1505年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正統觀念(nian)極(ji)為保守,但(dan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)趣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)壇卻挺開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)放,涌現出不(bu)少怪才,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)以(yi)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)寅、徐渭為代(dai)(dai)(dai)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“真(zhen)性情(qing)(qing)派”,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)主(zhu)流理學分庭(ting)抗禮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)王(wang)陽明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。各(ge)(ge)種奇書(shu)(shu)如(ru)《三國(guo)(guo)演義》、《西游記》、《金(jin)瓶(ping)梅》等(deng)都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)代(dai)(dai)(dai)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)書(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。13《詠史(shi)(shi)》清(qing)·龔自(zi)(zi)珍金(jin)粉東(dong)南(nan)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)州,萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)重(zhong)(zhong)恩怨屬(shu)名流。牢盆狎客操全算,團扇才人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)踞上(shang)游。避席畏(wei)聞(wen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)字獄(yu),著書(shu)(shu)都(dou)(dou)為稻粱謀。田(tian)(tian)橫五(wu)(wu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)安(an)(an)在(zai),難(nan)道(dao)歸(gui)來(lai)盡(jin)列(lie)侯(hou) 這(zhe)(zhe)首(shou)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)道(dao)光五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1825年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))十(shi)(shi)二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue),作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)客居昆山(shan)(shan)(shan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。題(ti)為《詠史(shi)(shi)》,實則傷時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),感(gan)慨(kai)當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)江(jiang)南(nan)名士(shi)(shi)懾服于(yu)(yu)(yu)清(qing)王(wang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殘(can)(can)(can)酷(ku)統治(zhi)、庸俗茍安(an)(an)之(zhi)狀。清(qing)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)字獄(yu)使那些珍貴(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)典籍(ji)受(shou)到了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)摧殘(can)(can)(can),對我(wo)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)無(wu)(wu)法彌補的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)憾(han)。圖文(wen)(wen)(wen)來(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)網絡(luo),如(ru)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)任(ren)何(he)(he)問(wen)題(ti)請(qing)聯系我(wo)們(men)
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