龜鹿二仙膠
出自《醫 便》
【組成(cheng)】 鹿(lu)角(jiao)用(yong)(yong)新鮮麋鹿(lu)殺角(jiao),解的不用(yong)(yong),馬鹿(lu)角(jiao)不用(yong)(yong),去(qu)角(jiao)腦(nao)梢骨(gu)二寸(cun)絕斷(duan),劈(pi)開,凈(jing)用(yong)(yong)十(shi)斤(jin)(5000g) 龜(gui)版去(qu)弦,洗凈(jing),五斤(jin),捶碎(2500g) 人參(can)十(shi)五兩(450g) 枸杞子三十(shi)兩(900g)
【用(yong)(yong)法】 上(shang)(shang)前三(san)(san)味袋(dai)盛(sheng),放長流(liu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)內(nei)浸(jin)三(san)(san)日(ri)(ri),用(yong)(yong)鉛壇(tan)一只(zhi),如(ru)無(wu)鉛壇(tan),底(di)下放鉛一大片亦可。將(jiang)角并(bing)甲放入壇(tan)內(nei),用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)浸(jin),高三(san)(san)五(wu)寸,黃蠟三(san)(san)兩封口,放大鍋(guo)內(nei),桑柴火煮七晝夜。煮時壇(tan)內(nei)一日(ri)(ri)添(tian)熱水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一次,勿令(ling)沸起,鍋(guo)內(nei)一日(ri)(ri)夜添(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)五(wu)次,候角酥取出,洗,濾凈(jing)去滓(zi)(zi)。其滓(zi)(zi)即鹿角霜(shuang)、龜(gui)甲霜(shuang)也。將(jiang)清汁另放。另將(jiang)人參、枸(gou)杞子(zi)用(yong)(yong)銅鍋(guo)以水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)三(san)(san)十(shi)六碗,熬至藥面無(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),以新布絞取清汁,將(jiang)滓(zi)(zi)置石臼水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)捶搗細,用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)二十(shi)四碗又熬如(ru)前;又濾又搗又熬,如(ru)此三(san)(san)次,以滓(zi)(zi)無(wu)味為度(du)。將(jiang)前龜(gui)、鹿汁并(bing)參、杞汁和入鍋(guo)內(nei),文火熬至滴(di)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)成珠不(bu)散,乃成膠也。每服(fu)初(chu)(chu)起一錢(qian)五(wu)分(fen)(4.5g),十(shi)日(ri)(ri)加五(wu)分(fen)(1.5g),加至三(san)(san)錢(qian)(9g)止,空心(xin)酒化下,常服(fu)乃可(現代用(yong)(yong)法:上(shang)(shang)用(yong)(yong)鉛壇(tan)熬膠,初(chu)(chu)服(fu)酒服(fu)4.5g,漸加至9g,空心(xin)時服(fu)用(yong)(yong))。
【功用】 滋陰填(tian)精(jing),益氣(qi)壯陽。
【主治(zhi)】 真元虛損,精(jing)血(xue)不足證。全(quan)身瘦(shou)削,陽痿(wei)遺精(jing),兩(liang)目昏花,腰膝(xi)痠軟,久(jiu)不孕育。
【方(fang)(fang)解】 本方(fang)(fang)治證的病(bing)機為(wei)腎(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陰(yin)精(jing)(jing)元陽(yang)虧(kui)虛。氣血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)脾(pi)胃,精(jing)(jing)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)藏養(yang)(yang)于(yu)(yu)腎(shen)肝,故無論先天稟(bing)賦不足,抑(yi)或后(hou)天脾(pi)胃失(shi)養(yang)(yang)及病(bing)后(hou)失(shi)調,均可使腎(shen)精(jing)(jing)不足,真元虛損(sun),以致陰(yin)陽(yang)精(jing)(jing)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)俱(ju)虧(kui)。由于(yu)(yu)病(bing)本在腎(shen),虛及陰(yin)陽(yang)精(jing)(jing)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),故見身體消瘦,腰膝痠軟,兩目昏花,陽(yang)痿遺精(jing)(jing),久不孕育。治宜(yi)填精(jing)(jing)補(bu)(bu)髓,益氣養(yang)(yang)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),陰(yin)陽(yang)并(bing)(bing)補(bu)(bu)。方(fang)(fang)中鹿角(jiao)膠甘(gan)咸而溫,善于(yu)(yu)溫腎(shen)壯陽(yang),益精(jing)(jing)補(bu)(bu)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue);龜版膠甘(gan)咸而寒(han),長于(yu)(yu)填補(bu)(bu)精(jing)(jing)髓,滋(zi)養(yang)(yang)陰(yin)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),二味為(wei)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)肉有情之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品,最能峻(jun)補(bu)(bu)陰(yin)陽(yang)而化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)精(jing)(jing)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),共為(wei)君藥。配伍枸杞子(zi)(zi)益肝腎(shen)、補(bu)(bu)精(jing)(jing)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),以輔(fu)助龜、鹿二藥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功;更(geng)用人參補(bu)(bu)后(hou)天、益中氣,以增強氣血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)化(hua)(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan),均為(wei)臣藥。四味合用,陰(yin)陽(yang)并(bing)(bing)補(bu)(bu),氣血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)兼(jian)顧(gu),故又(you)能益壽延年、養(yang)(yang)精(jing)(jing)種子(zi)(zi)。
【運用】
1.辨證(zheng)要(yao)點(dian):本(ben)方為陰陽氣(qi)血(xue)同補之劑,既能滋補肝腎,又可(ke)補益脾胃(wei)。以(yi)(yi)腰膝痠軟,兩目昏花,陽痿遺精為辨證(zheng)要(yao)點(dian)。本(ben)方純補,不(bu)免滋膩(ni),故(gu)脾胃(wei)虛弱(ruo)而(er)食(shi)少便溏者(zhe)不(bu)宜使用。或合用四君子湯以(yi)(yi)助運化。
2.加(jia)減法:若兼有眩(xuan)暈(yun)(yun)者(zhe),加(jia)杭菊花、明天麻(ma)以熄風止暈(yun)(yun);遺精頻作者(zhe),加(jia)金(jin)櫻子、山茱萸以補(bu)腎固精。
3.現代運用:內(nei)分泌障礙(ai)引起(qi)的(de)發育不良、重癥貧血(xue)、神經(jing)衰弱,以(yi)及性功能(neng)減退等(deng)屬陰陽兩虛者,均可用之。
【附方】
七(qi)寶美髯丹《本草綱(gang)目》引《積善堂方(fang)》:赤、白(bai)(bai)何首烏(wu)各(ge)一(yi)斤(各(ge)500g),米泔(gan)水浸三四(si)日,瓷(ci)片刮去(qu)(qu)(qu)皮,用淘(tao)凈黑豆(dou)(dou)(dou)二(er)升,以(yi)(yi)砂鍋木曾瓦,鋪豆(dou)(dou)(dou)及(ji)(ji)首烏(wu),重(zhong)(zhong)重(zhong)(zhong)鋪蓋,蒸(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)。豆(dou)(dou)(dou)熟(shu)取出,去(qu)(qu)(qu)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)曬(shai)(shai)干(gan),換豆(dou)(dou)(dou)再蒸(zheng),如此(ci)九次,曬(shai)(shai)干(gan),為(wei)末(mo) 赤、白(bai)(bai)茯苓各(ge)一(yi)斤(各(ge)500g),去(qu)(qu)(qu)皮,研末(mo),以(yi)(yi)水淘(tao)去(qu)(qu)(qu)筋(jin)膜(mo)及(ji)(ji)浮(fu)者(zhe)取沉者(zhe)捻塊,以(yi)(yi)人乳(ru)十碗浸勻,曬(shai)(shai)干(gan),研末(mo) 牛膝(xi)八(ba)(ba)兩(liang),去(qu)(qu)(qu)苗,同何首烏(wu)第(di)七(qi)次蒸(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi),至第(di)九次止,曬(shai)(shai)干(gan) 當歸八(ba)(ba)兩(liang) ,酒(jiu)浸,曬(shai)(shai) 枸(gou)杞(qi)子八(ba)(ba)兩(liang),酒(jiu)浸,曬(shai)(shai) 菟(tu)絲(si)子八(ba)(ba)兩(liang),酒(jiu)浸生(sheng)芽,研爛 ,曬(shai)(shai)(各(ge)250g) 補骨(gu)脂四(si)兩(liang),以(yi)(yi)黑脂麻炒香(120g)。 上為(wei)末(mo),煉蜜為(wei)丸,如彈(dan)子大,共150丸,清(qing)晨溫(wen)酒(jiu)送(song)(song)下,午(wu)時(shi)姜(jiang)湯送(song)(song)下,臥時(shi)鹽湯送(song)(song)下(現(xian)代用法:碾細,煉蜜丸,每丸重(zhong)(zhong)10g,早、晚各(ge)服一(yi)丸,淡鹽開水送(song)(song)服)。功用:補益肝腎(shen),烏(wu)發壯骨(gu)。主治:肝腎(shen)不足(zu)證(zheng)。須發早白(bai)(bai),脫發,齒牙動搖,腰(yao)膝(xi)痠軟,夢遺滑精,腎(shen)虛不育等。
【文獻摘要】
1.原書主治
《醫(yi)便》卷1:“男婦(fu)真元虛(xu)(xu)損,久不孕(yun)育;男子酒色過度,消爍真陰(yin),婦(fu)人七情傷(shang)損血氣,諸虛(xu)(xu)百損,五勞七傷(shang)。”
2.方論選錄
吳昆(kun)《醫(yi)方(fang)考(kao)》卷3:“精(jing)(jing)、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、神(shen),人(ren)身(shen)之(zhi)三寶也。師曰:精(jing)(jing)生(sheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)神(shen)。是(shi)以精(jing)(jing)極則(ze)無以生(sheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),故令(ling)瘦削少氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi);氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)少則(ze)無以生(sheng)神(shen),故令(ling)目視不(bu)明。龜、鹿稟陰氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)最完者(zhe)(zhe),其(qi)角與版(ban),又其(qi)身(shen)聚氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)最勝者(zhe)(zhe),故取其(qi)膠以補(bu)陰精(jing)(jing)。用血氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)屬濟而補(bu)之(zhi),所謂補(bu)以其(qi)類也。人(ren)參善于固氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)固則(ze)精(jing)(jing)不(bu)遺;枸(gou)杞善于滋(zi)陰,陰滋(zi)則(ze)火不(bu)泄。此(ci)藥行,則(ze)精(jing)(jing)日生(sheng),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)日壯,神(shen)日旺矣。”
【臨床報道】
用龜鹿(lu)(lu)二仙膠加減治療宮(gong)內(nei)節(jie)(jie)育器(qi)放置后月經失(shi)調(diao)200例(li)(li)獲滿意療效。處方組成:炙龜版12g,鹿(lu)(lu)角霜9g,熟地(di)12g,補骨(gu)脂10g,川斷肉10g、桑寄生12g ,生地(di)12g,地(di)榆炭15g,白芍12g,茜草炭12g,生熟蒲黃各9g。水煎,日(ri)1劑,10天為1療程(cheng)。結果:痊愈166例(li)(li),有效22例(li)(li),無(wu)效12例(li)(li),總有效率(lv)94% 。[湯艷秋.龜鹿(lu)(lu)固沖湯治療宮(gong)內(nei)節(jie)(jie)育器(qi)放置后月經失(shi)調(diao)200例(li)(li)。黑龍江中醫(yi)藥 2002;(1):32]
【實驗研究】
龜鹿二仙(xian)膠(jiao)沖劑可顯著拮抗環磷(lin)酰(xian)胺引起的小(xiao)鼠(shu)白(bai)細胞(bao)總(zong)數(shu)減少(shao),腹腔巨(ju)噬(shi)細胞(bao)吞噬(shi)功(gong)(gong)能下降、T淋巴(ba)細胞(bao)減少(shao)和血(xue)清溶血(xue)素的降低(di),并使之恢(hui)復至(zhi)接近正(zheng)常水(shui)平(ping)。表明龜鹿二仙(xian)膠(jiao)沖劑具(ju)有增強(qiang)小(xiao)鼠(shu)免(mian)疫(yi)功(gong)(gong)能的作用,這可能是其臨床治療諸虛百損的一(yi)個(ge)藥理基(ji)礎。[劉守義,等(deng).龜鹿二仙(xian)膠(jiao)沖劑對小(xiao)鼠(shu)免(mian)疫(yi)功(gong)(gong)能影(ying)響的研(yan)究。中藥藥理與臨床 1998;14(2):8]
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