后(hou)唐(923年(nian)—936年(nian))是五(wu)(wu)代十(shi)國時期(qi)由沙(sha)陀族建立的封建王(wang)朝,定都洛(luo)京(今河(he)南洛(luo)陽),傳二(er)世(shi)四帝,歷(li)時一十(shi)四年(nian)。后(hou)唐是五(wu)(wu)代十(shi)國時期(qi)統治疆域最(zui)廣的朝代。“五(wu)(wu)代領域,無(wu)盛于此者(zhe)”。“時梁晉吳蜀四分(fen)天下,后(hou)唐以一滅二(er),天下四分(fen)已得三分(fen)”。
891年河東節度使(shi)李(li)(li)克用被封晉(jin)王(wang),從此割據(ju)河東。907年朱全(quan)忠(zhong)篡唐,建立(li)后(hou)梁,晉(jin)國(guo)成為(wei)(wei)北方最大的割據(ju)勢(shi)力(li),期間晉(jin)國(guo)視梁朝(chao)為(wei)(wei)閏朝(chao),仍奉唐朝(chao)正朔(shuo)。909年李(li)(li)克用去(qu)世,子李(li)(li)存(cun)勖即晉(jin)王(wang)位。923年李(li)(li)存(cun)勖在魏(wei)州稱帝,改元(yuan)同光,沿(yan)用“唐”國(guo)號,升魏(wei)州為(wei)(wei)東京興唐府。同年底,李(li)(li)存(cun)勖滅(mie)后(hou)梁,定都洛(luo)京;926年滅(mie)前蜀(shu)王(wang)衍;928年南平高從誨內附;930年南楚馬希聲內附;936年,石(shi)敬瑭以燕云十六州為(wei)(wei)代價,借遼(liao)兵攻入洛(luo)陽,唐軍不(bu)戰而降(jiang),末帝李(li)(li)從珂自焚,后(hou)唐滅(mie)亡。
0、李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(856年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)24日—908年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)24日),字翼圣,本姓朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)邪(又(you)作朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)耶),神武(wu)(wu)川新城人(ren)。唐(tang)(tang)末節(jie)(jie)(jie)度(du)使(shi)(shi)、軍閥(fa),沙陀(tuo)族人(ren)。別號“李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)鴉兒”(其(qi)(qi)軍隊(dui)主(zhu)力亦(yi)稱(cheng)“鴉軍”)。因(yin)一目(mu)失明,又(you)號“獨(du)眼龍”。其(qi)(qi)父朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)邪赤心,唐(tang)(tang)懿宗賜(si)姓名李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)國昌,李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)早年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)隨父出征,常沖鋒陷(xian)陣,軍中(zhong)(zhong)稱(cheng)之為(wei)“飛虎子”。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)驍勇善(shan)騎射,15歲即(ji)從軍,后(hou)來被(bei)唐(tang)(tang)朝廷任命(ming)為(wei)沙陀(tuo)副(fu)兵馬使(shi)(shi)。唐(tang)(tang)僖宗中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(881年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),命(ming)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)率沙陀(tuo)軍南下(xia)(xia)助戰,以鎮壓自(zi)稱(cheng)大齊皇(huang)帝(di)的黃巢。中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(882年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)二(er)次受敕勤王。中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(883年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),黃巢退出長(chang)安(an),由于李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在長(chang)安(an)收復(fu)戰中(zhong)(zhong)功(gong)勞最大,因(yin)此(ci)被(bei)命(ming)為(wei)河東(dong)節(jie)(jie)(jie)度(du)使(shi)(shi)。中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(884年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)再自(zi)河東(dong)南下(xia)(xia)大敗(bai)齊軍,最終使(shi)(shi)得(de)黃巢自(zi)殺。光(guang)啟(qi)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(885年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),朝廷討伐河中(zhong)(zhong)節(jie)(jie)(jie)度(du)使(shi)(shi)王重榮。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)指責盤踞(ju)關中(zhong)(zhong)的靜難(nan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)度(du)使(shi)(shi)朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)玫(mei)、鳳翔節(jie)(jie)(jie)度(du)使(shi)(shi)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)昌符結(jie)交朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)溫(wen)欲滅己,因(yin)此(ci)進(jin)軍關中(zhong)(zhong)擊敗(bai)二(er)人(ren)。僖宗逃(tao)往鳳翔。乾寧二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(895年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)茂貞(zhen)、王行瑜及(ji)韓建(jian)三帥(shuai)進(jin)京(jing)挾持(chi)唐(tang)(tang)昭宗,李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)再度(du)率軍勤王,敗(bai)三帥(shuai),救出昭宗。因(yin)功(gong)被(bei)封為(wei)晉王。其(qi)(qi)后(hou)數年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)持(chi)續與朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)溫(wen)爭(zheng)戰,相互間(jian)成為(wei)爭(zheng)奪天下(xia)(xia)的最大對手。此(ci)后(hou)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)長(chang)期割據(ju)河東(dong),與占據(ju)汴州的朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)溫(wen)對峙。天佑四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(907年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)溫(wen)代唐(tang)(tang)稱(cheng)帝(di),國號梁(liang),史(shi)稱(cheng)后(hou)梁(liang)。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)仍用(yong)(yong)(yong)唐(tang)(tang)天佑年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)號,以復(fu)興唐(tang)(tang)朝為(wei)名與后(hou)梁(liang)爭(zheng)雄(xiong)。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(908年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)病死,葬今山西(xi)省(sheng)代縣。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存勖建(jian)立后(hou)唐(tang)(tang)后(hou),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)被(bei)追謚(shi)為(wei)武(wu)(wu)皇(huang)帝(di),廟(miao)號太祖(zu)。
1、李(li)(li)(li)存勖(xu)(xù,一作“勗”)(885年(nian)—926年(nian)),即后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)莊宗(923年(nian)—926年(nian)在(zai)(zai)位(wei)(wei)),小字(zi)亞子(zi)(zi),代北沙陀人,生于(yu)晉(jin)陽(今山西太(tai)原),唐(tang)(tang)末五代軍事家,后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)開(kai)國(guo)(guo)皇(huang)帝,晉(jin)王(wang)李(li)(li)(li)克用之(zhi)子(zi)(zi)。李(li)(li)(li)存勖(xu)在(zai)(zai)唐(tang)(tang)末官至檢校司空,遙(yao)領(ling)晉(jin)州刺史,后(hou)(hou)襲父位(wei)(wei)為河(he)東節度使、晉(jin)王(wang)。他驍勇善(shan)戰(zhan),長(chang)于(yu)謀(mou)略(lve),在(zai)(zai)晉(jin)王(wang)王(wang)位(wei)(wei)長(chang)達十五年(nian),南(nan)(nan)擊后(hou)(hou)梁、北卻契丹、東取河(he)北、西并河(he)中,使得晉(jin)國(guo)(guo)逐漸強盛,中興(xing)唐(tang)(tang)朝霸業。同(tong)光(guang)元年(nian)(923年(nian))四(si)月在(zai)(zai)魏州稱帝,定國(guo)(guo)號(hao)為唐(tang)(tang),史稱后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang),并于(yu)同(tong)年(nian)十二月滅亡后(hou)(hou)梁,盡取河(he)南(nan)(nan)、山東等地(di),定都于(yu)洛陽。李(li)(li)(li)存勖(xu)在(zai)(zai)位(wei)(wei)期間(jian),并岐國(guo)(guo),滅前蜀,得鳳(feng)翔(xiang)、漢中及兩川(chuan)之(zhi)地(di),震動南(nan)(nan)方割據諸國(guo)(guo),“五代領(ling)域,無盛于(yu)此者”。但他沉緬于(yu)聲色,治(zhi)國(guo)(guo)乏(fa)術,用人無方,縱(zong)容皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)干政,重(zhong)用伶(ling)人、宦(huan)官,疏忌殺戮(lu)功臣(chen),橫征(zheng)暴斂,又吝惜錢(qian)財,以致百(bai)姓困苦、藩(fan)鎮怨憤、士(shi)卒(zu)離心,同(tong)光(guang)四(si)年(nian)(926年(nian))四(si)月,伶(ling)人郭(guo)從謙發動兵變,李(li)(li)(li)存勖(xu)死于(yu)“興(xing)教門之(zhi)變”,時年(nian)四(si)十二歲。在(zai)(zai)位(wei)(wei)三年(nian),廟號(hao)莊宗,謚號(hao)光(guang)圣神閔(min)孝皇(huang)帝,葬于(yu)雍陵。
2、李(li)(li)(li)嗣源(yuan)(yuan)(867年(nian)—933年(nian)),即后(hou)(hou)(hou)唐明宗(zong)(926年(nian)—933年(nian)在(zai)(zai)位(wei)),代(dai)北沙(sha)陀人,生(sheng)于應州金城(cheng)(今(jin)山(shan)西應縣),五代(dai)十國(guo)時期后(hou)(hou)(hou)唐第(di)二位(wei)皇(huang)帝(di)。他原(yuan)名邈佶烈,稱帝(di)后(hou)(hou)(hou)更名李(li)(li)(li)亶。李(li)(li)(li)嗣源(yuan)(yuan)是晉王(wang)李(li)(li)(li)克用養子,以(yi)驍勇知(zhi)名,后(hou)(hou)(hou)輔佐莊宗(zong)李(li)(li)(li)存勖建立(li)后(hou)(hou)(hou)唐。他在(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)唐滅(mie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)梁之戰中(zhong)屢立(li)戰功,累升至成德節度使、蕃漢(han)內外馬步軍(jun)總(zong)管,兼中(zhong)書令。同(tong)光四(si)年(nian)(926年(nian)),李(li)(li)(li)嗣源(yuan)(yuan)鎮壓鄴都兵變(bian)(bian)(bian),卻與(yu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)兵合流,率軍(jun)攻回洛陽,結束(shu)了李(li)(li)(li)存勖的(de)統治。他初稱監國(guo),不久即位(wei)為帝(di),改元天成。李(li)(li)(li)嗣源(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)位(wei)七年(nian),殺貪腐,褒廉吏(li),罷宮人、除伶宦(huan),廢內庫,注意民間疾苦(ku),號(hao)稱小(xiao)康。但后(hou)(hou)(hou)期姑息藩(fan)鎮,孟(meng)知(zhi)祥據兩川(chuan)而反(fan);御下乏術,權臣安(an)重(zhong)誨(hui)跋扈而不能制;次子李(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)榮驕(jiao)縱而不得法,以(yi)致變(bian)(bian)(bian)亂迭(die)起,朝政混亂。長興四(si)年(nian)(933年(nian))十一月(yue),李(li)(li)(li)嗣源(yuan)(yuan)次子李(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)榮準備武力奪位(wei),結果事敗被殺。李(li)(li)(li)嗣源(yuan)(yuan)病(bing)中(zhong)聞(wen)變(bian)(bian)(bian),受驚(jing)崩逝,終年(nian)六十七歲。廟(miao)號(hao)明宗(zong),謚(shi)號(hao)圣(sheng)德和武欽孝皇(huang)帝(di),葬于徽陵。
3、李(li)從(cong)厚(hou)(914年(nian)(nian)—934年(nian)(nian)),即后唐愍(min)帝(933年(nian)(nian)—934年(nian)(nian)在位(wei)(wei)),小字菩薩奴,五(wu)代時(shi)期后唐第三(san)(san)位(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)帝,明宗李(li)嗣(si)源(yuan)第三(san)(san)子,生母(mu)為(wei)昭懿(yi)皇(huang)(huang)后夏(xia)氏(shi)。李(li)從(cong)厚(hou)自幼便(bian)深得李(li)嗣(si)源(yuan)的寵(chong)愛,歷任(ren)河南尹、宣武節(jie)度(du)使(shi)、河東節(jie)度(du)使(shi)、成德(de)節(jie)度(du)使(shi)、天(tian)雄節(jie)度(du)使(shi)等職,加授中(zhong)書令(宰相)榮銜,被封為(wei)宋王。長興四年(nian)(nian)(933年(nian)(nian))被召回洛(luo)陽,在李(li)嗣(si)源(yuan)的靈柩前即皇(huang)(huang)帝位(wei)(wei)。應順元年(nian)(nian)(934年(nian)(nian)),潞王李(li)從(cong)珂在鳳翔起兵叛亂,攻(gong)至(zhi)洛(luo)陽稱帝,廢李(li)從(cong)厚(hou)為(wei)鄂王。李(li)從(cong)厚(hou)逃(tao)至(zhi)衛州,不久遇弒身亡(wang)。他在位(wei)(wei)僅五(wu)個月,終年(nian)(nian)二十一(yi)歲。后晉(jin)時(shi)期追(zhui)謚曰閔皇(huang)(huang)帝(一(yi)作愍(min)皇(huang)(huang)帝)。
4、李(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)珂(ke)(ke)(885年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)—937年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),即后(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)末帝(di)(di)(di)(934年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)—936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)位(wei)),本姓王(wang),小字二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)三,鎮州平山(今河北平山)人(ren),五代時期后(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)末代皇帝(di)(di)(di),明宗李(li)(li)(li)嗣源養子(zi)。李(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)珂(ke)(ke)自(zi)幼隨李(li)(li)(li)嗣源征戰,在(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)滅(mie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)梁之戰中屢立戰功(gong)。長興(xing)二(er)(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(931年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))出任左衛大將軍,兼西(xi)京留(liu)守(shou)。長興(xing)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(932年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))進(jin)位(wei)太尉,升任鳳翔節度使。長興(xing)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(933年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))晉封潞(lu)王(wang)。應順元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(934年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))四(si)月,潞(lu)王(wang)李(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)珂(ke)(ke)在(zai)鳳翔起兵叛亂(luan),攻(gong)至(zhi)洛陽,廢黜(chu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)愍(min)帝(di)(di)(di)后(hou)(hou)(hou)即帝(di)(di)(di)位(wei),改元清泰。清泰三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))閏十(shi)一月二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)六日,因無力抵擋石(shi)敬瑭與(yu)大遼軍隊的進(jin)攻(gong),李(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)珂(ke)(ke)見大勢已去,于是帶著傳(chuan)國玉璽與(yu)曹太后(hou)(hou)(hou)、劉皇后(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)及兒(er)子(zi)李(li)(li)(li)重(zhong)美等人(ren)登上玄武樓,自(zi)焚而死,后(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)遂(sui)亡。李(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)珂(ke)(ke)死后(hou)(hou)(hou)無謚號及廟號,史家稱(cheng)之為(wei)末帝(di)(di)(di)或廢帝(di)(di)(di)。傳(chuan)國玉璽亦在(zai)此時遺失不知所蹤。李(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)珂(ke)(ke)終年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)51歲,葬于徽(hui)陵。
【 五代十國(guo) 皇帝列表】后(hou)唐(tang)末帝李從珂簡介
李(li)從珂(885年-936年),鎮州(今(jin)河北正定)人(ren),五代時期后(hou)唐皇帝,原為(wei)后(hou)唐明宗(zong)李(li)嗣源義子,本姓王。934年-936年在(zai)位,死后(hou)無謚(shi)號及廟號,史(shi)家稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)末(mo)帝或(huo)廢(fei)帝。
末帝(di),李(li)從(cong)珂(公元886~936年(nian)),明宗養(yang)子。他廢(fei)愍帝(di)后繼位。在位3年(nian),因無力(li)抵擋石敬瑭的進攻而自(zi)焚,終年(nian)51歲(sui),葬于(yu)徽陵。
后(hou)唐(tang)末帝(di)李從(cong)珂(ke),本姓王,鎮州平山(shan)(今(jin)河北省正定(ding)縣)人。他率軍(jun)攻入洛陽(yang)后(hou),于公元(yuan)934年(nian)4月(yue)廢愍帝(di),于4月(yue)乙亥日即(ji)位,改年(nian)號為“清泰”。
李(li)(li)從珂(ke)(ke)和石(shi)敬(jing)瑭長(chang)期不(bu)和,稱帝后(hou),派了幾萬大軍(jun)去攻打石(shi)敬(jing)瑭所(suo)在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)晉陽(yang)城。石(shi)敬(jing)瑭抵御(yu)不(bu)住,便(bian)投靠(kao)契丹(dan),在(zai)契丹(dan)軍(jun)的(de)(de)(de)幫助下,打敗了圍城的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)唐軍(jun),并(bing)轉而進攻洛陽(yang)。這時,李(li)(li)從珂(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)兵力還(huan)很強,但是他卻志氣(qi)消沉(chen),不(bu)敢(gan)親自領兵去抵擋契丹(dan)軍(jun),只是成天地邊喝酒邊哭泣,坐待滅(mie)亡(wang)。
公元(yuan)936年(nian),后(hou)(hou)唐軍在白(bai)馬坡大敗(bai),契丹和(he)石敬(jing)瑭軍隊逼近洛陽(yang)。警(jing)報(bao)傳來,將領(ling)紛紛投(tou)降。李(li)(li)從(cong)珂(ke)仰(yang)天長嘆(tan)說:“我到了(le)絕路(lu)了(le)!”閏11月辛巳日,他(ta)帶著曹太后(hou)(hou)、劉皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)、次(ci)子李(li)(li)重美等一(yi)家(jia)老小(xiao)和(he)親信(xin)都(dou)(dou)指揮使(shi)宋中虞(yu)一(yi)行,攜(xie)帶傳國玉璽,登上(shang)(shang)玄(xuan)武(wu)門(men)城(cheng)樓(lou),準(zhun)備自(zi)焚(fen)(fen)。劉皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)回顧宮殿,對李(li)(li)從(cong)珂(ke)說:“我們就要葬(zang)身(shen)火(huo)(huo)海,難道留著這宮室讓(rang)敵人來享受,不(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)也一(yi)把火(huo)(huo)燒(shao)毀算(suan)了(le)。”李(li)(li)重美勸阻說:“新天子入都(dou)(dou)后(hou)(hou),總不(bu)(bu)(bu)肯露宿街頭吧,燒(shao)毀了(le)皇(huang)宮,他(ta)一(yi)定(ding)又要大興土木,重建(jian)宮殿。那時,又要勞苦百姓,不(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)讓(rang)它去吧。”李(li)(li)從(cong)珂(ke)便命令兵士只(zhi)在玄(xuan)武(wu)門(men)樓(lou)下堆積(ji)柴草,點火(huo)(huo)焚(fen)(fen)燒(shao)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)會兒,火(huo)(huo)勢上(shang)(shang)卷,李(li)(li)從(cong)珂(ke)一(yi)行隨著火(huo)(huo)燃樓(lou)崩,全部喪生。
后唐亡。
石(shi)敬(jing)瑭入(ru)洛陽后(hou),有人從余燼中揀得李從珂的臂骨(gu)和大腿骨(gu)進(jin)獻,石(shi)敬(jing)瑭命用王禮(li)安葬。
李從珂(ke)死(si)后,后人稱他為末帝或廢(fei)帝。
五代十國并非指一個朝代,而是指一個特殊的歷史時期。五代指的是后梁、后唐、后晉、后漢、后周,五個次第更迭的政權。十國指五代之外相繼出現的十個割據政權:前蜀、后蜀、南吳、南唐、吳越、南楚、南漢、南平、閩國、北漢,統稱十國。
后梁皇帝有:朱溫、朱友圭、朱友貞
后唐皇帝有:李存勖、李嗣源、李從厚、李從珂
后晉皇帝有:石敬瑭、石重貴
后漢皇帝有:劉知遠、劉承_
后周皇帝有:郭威、柴榮、柴宗訓
前蜀皇帝有:王建、王衍
后蜀皇帝有:孟知祥、孟昶
南吳皇帝有:楊行密、楊渥、楊隆演、楊溥
南唐皇帝有:李_、李_、李煜
吳越皇帝有:錢_、錢元_、錢佐、錢_、錢弘_
南楚皇帝有:馬殷、馬希范、馬希廣、馬希萼、馬希崇
南漢皇帝有:劉_、劉玢、劉晟、劉_
南平皇帝有:高季興、高從誨、高保融、高保勖、高繼沖
閩國皇帝有:王審知、王延鈞、王昶、王延羲、王延政
北漢皇帝有:劉崇、劉鈞、劉繼恩、劉繼元
后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)莊宗(zong)(zong)(zong)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu),小(xiao)字亞(ya)子(zi)(zi)(zi),代(dai)(dai)(dai)北(bei)沙(sha)陀人(ren)(ren),生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)晉(jin)(jin)陽(yang)(今(jin)山(shan)西太原),唐(tang)(tang)末(mo)(mo)五代(dai)(dai)(dai)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)家,后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)開國(guo)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),晉(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。 李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)唐(tang)(tang)末(mo)(mo)官(guan)(guan)至檢(jian)校司空,遙(yao)領(ling)晉(jin)(jin)州刺史(shi),后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)襲父(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)河(he)(he)東(dong)節度(du)(du)(du)使(shi)、晉(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。他(ta)(ta)驍勇(yong)善戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),長于(yu)(yu)(yu)謀略,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),南(nan)(nan)(nan)擊后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)、北(bei)卻(que)(que)契(qi)(qi)丹(dan)(dan)、東(dong)取(qu)(qu)河(he)(he)北(bei)、西并(bing)河(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),使(shi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)晉(jin)(jin)國(guo)逐(zhu)漸強盛(sheng),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)唐(tang)(tang)朝(chao)霸業。同(tong)(tong)光(guang)(guang)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(923年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))四月(yue)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)魏(wei)州稱(cheng)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),定(ding)國(guo)號(hao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)唐(tang)(tang),史(shi)稱(cheng)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang),并(bing)于(yu)(yu)(yu)同(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)月(yue)滅(mie)(mie)亡后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)梁(liang)(liang)(liang),盡(jin)取(qu)(qu)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)、山(shan)東(dong)等(deng)地(di),定(ding)都(dou)(dou)于(yu)(yu)(yu)洛(luo)(luo)陽(yang)。 李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)期間(jian)(jian),并(bing)岐(qi)國(guo),滅(mie)(mie)前(qian)(qian)蜀,得(de)(de)(de)(de)鳳翔(xiang)、漢中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)及(ji)(ji)(ji)兩川之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di),震動(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)割據(ju)諸國(guo),「 ”五代(dai)(dai)(dai)領(ling)域,無(wu)盛(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)” 。但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)他(ta)(ta)沉(chen)緬于(yu)(yu)(yu)聲色,治國(guo)乏術,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)無(wu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang),縱容(rong)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)干政,重用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)伶人(ren)(ren)、宦官(guan)(guan),疏忌殺(sha)(sha)(sha)戮功臣(chen)(chen),橫(heng)征(zheng)暴斂(lian),又(you)吝(lin)惜錢財,以(yi)(yi)致百(bai)姓困(kun)苦、藩鎮怨憤、士卒離心,同(tong)(tong)光(guang)(guang)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(926年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))四月(yue)死(si)(si)于(yu)(yu)(yu)興(xing)教(jiao)門之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變,時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)歲。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),廟號(hao)莊宗(zong)(zong)(zong),謚號(hao)光(guang)(guang)圣(sheng)神(shen)閔孝(xiao)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),葬于(yu)(yu)(yu)雍陵。 可(ke)(ke)亞(ya)其(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu) 李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)歲時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),隨父(fu)征(zheng)討王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)行(xing)瑜,并(bing)向(xiang)唐(tang)(tang)昭(zhao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)報功。唐(tang)(tang)昭(zhao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)非常(chang)欣(xin)賞李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu),輕撫其(qi)(qi)(qi)背(bei)(bei)(bei)部,道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)兒日(ri)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)必(bi)定(ding)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)棟梁(liang)(liang)(liang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才(cai),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)忘了(le)(le)對(dui)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)大(da)(da)唐(tang)(tang)盡(jin)忠盡(jin)孝(xiao)啊!”后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai),唐(tang)(tang)昭(zhao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)還對(dui)人(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)贊「 ”可(ke)(ke)亞(ya)其(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)”。意思(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說,李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)超過(guo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)親(qin)(qin),使(shi)父(fu)親(qin)(qin)屈居(ju)亞(ya)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)遂(sui)得(de)(de)(de)(de)名李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)亞(ya)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。 終(zhong)(zhong)應父(fu)言(yan) 李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)曾(ceng)(ceng)到(dao)(dao)潞州境內三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)垂岡(gang)打(da)獵,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)岡(gang)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)明皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)廟前(qian)(qian)擺設酒宴,聽伶人(ren)(ren)奏唱《百(bai)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)歌(ge)(ge)》。歌(ge)(ge)詞陳(chen)述人(ren)(ren)衰老之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)狀,聲調凄苦悲(bei)傷,只(zhi)聽得(de)(de)(de)(de)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)老淚縱橫(heng)。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)五歲,也(ye)隨侍在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)側。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)指(zhi)(zhi)著(zhu)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu),對(dui)諸將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”老夫(fu)已老,壯(zhuang)志未酬(chou)。但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),此(ci)(ci)(ci)子(zi)(zi)(zi)必(bi)能(neng)(neng)代(dai)(dai)(dai)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)地(di),完成(cheng)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)未竟(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功業。”十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),初襲王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)果(guo)然(ran)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)垂岡(gang)大(da)(da)敗梁(liang)(liang)(liang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun),奠定(ding)了(le)(le)晉(jin)(jin)國(guo)崛(jue)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎。 梁(liang)(liang)(liang)祖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嘆 潞州之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),朱(zhu)(zhu)溫曾(ceng)(ceng)親(qin)(qin)赴(fu)澤州,視(shi)(shi)察前(qian)(qian)線(xian)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)況(kuang),結果(guo)得(de)(de)(de)(de)知李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)去(qu)世(shi)。他(ta)(ta)對(dui)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)輕襲位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)非常(chang)輕視(shi)(shi),認為(wei)(wei)(wei)攻(gong)取(qu)(qu)潞州的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)局已定(ding),便徑(jing)自(zi)返回汴州。但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)卻(que)(que)奇(qi)兵(bing)突出(chu)(chu),將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)圍攻(gong)潞州的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)打(da)得(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)敗潰走。朱(zhu)(zhu)溫得(de)(de)(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)報,先是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)驚(jing)失色,隨即(ji)喟然(ran)長嘆:「 ”生(sheng)(sheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)當(dang)(dang)如李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)亞(ya)子(zi)(zi)(zi),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)雖死(si)(si)猶生(sheng)(sheng)啊。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兒子(zi)(zi)(zi)們跟他(ta)(ta)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)比,簡(jian)直如同(tong)(tong)豬狗(gou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般。” 后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai),朱(zhu)(zhu)溫病重,對(dui)侍臣(chen)(chen)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)經(jing)營天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),想不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)太原余(yu)孽(nie)(指(zhi)(zhi)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu))竟(jing)然(ran)發展(zhan)到(dao)(dao)如今(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)步(bu)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)看他(ta)(ta)志向(xiang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao),上(shang)天又(you)奪(duo)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)壽。等(deng)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)死(si)(si)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兒子(zi)(zi)(zi)們沒有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)手,我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)怕是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)死(si)(si)無(wu)葬身之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)了(le)(le)。”他(ta)(ta)傷心哽咽,竟(jing)然(ran)昏死(si)(si)過(guo)去(qu)。 三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)矢雪(xue)恨 相(xiang)傳,李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)臨終(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),曾(ceng)(ceng)交給李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)枝箭(jian),并(bing)對(dui)他(ta)(ta)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”梁(liang)(liang)(liang)賊朱(zhu)(zhu)溫是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)晉(jin)(jin)國(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)共戴天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仇(chou)(chou)。燕(yan)(yan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)仁(ren)恭是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)所立,契(qi)(qi)丹(dan)(dan)耶(ye)律阿保(bao)機與(yu)(yu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)約為(wei)(wei)(wei)兄弟,但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)都(dou)(dou)背(bei)(bei)(bei)叛(pan)了(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo),投靠朱(zhu)(zhu)溫。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)未能(neng)(neng)滅(mie)(mie)此(ci)(ci)(ci)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)賊,死(si)(si)有(you)余(yu)恨。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)給你(ni)(ni)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)枝箭(jian),你(ni)(ni)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)來(lai)(lai)(lai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)要(yao)消滅(mie)(mie)這三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)個(ge)敵人(ren)(ren),以(yi)(yi)告慰(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)靈。”李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)這三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)枝箭(jian)供(gong)奉在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)家廟中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),每逢出(chu)(chu)征(zheng)都(dou)(dou)要(yao)以(yi)(yi)少(shao)牢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禮(li)祭祀(si),將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)箭(jian)矢請(qing)(qing)出(chu)(chu),放在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)錦囊(nang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),背(bei)(bei)(bei)負(fu)上(shang)陣,戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)勝后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)再送回家廟。他(ta)(ta)平(ping)桀燕(yan)(yan)、敗契(qi)(qi)丹(dan)(dan)、滅(mie)(mie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)梁(liang)(liang)(liang),每戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)如此(ci)(ci)(ci)。 「 ”晉(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)矢”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)典故最(zui)(zui)早(zao)出(chu)(chu)自(zi)宋初王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)禹偁(cheng)所著(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《五代(dai)(dai)(dai)史(shi)闕文》。 其(qi)(qi)(qi)真實性在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)歷代(dai)(dai)(dai)都(dou)(dou)備受質疑。宋代(dai)(dai)(dai)司馬光(guang)(guang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《資治通鑒考異》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)考證稱(cheng),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)襲位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),還曾(ceng)(ceng)對(dui)契(qi)(qi)丹(dan)(dan)「 ”遣(qian)使(shi)告哀(ai),賂以(yi)(yi)金繒,求騎(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)以(yi)(yi)救(jiu)潞州”,契(qi)(qi)丹(dan)(dan)亦出(chu)(chu)兵(bing)相(xiang)助,而(er)當(dang)(dang)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)守(shou)光(guang)(guang)被其(qi)(qi)(qi)兄劉(liu)(liu)(liu)守(shou)文攻(gong)擊時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)也(ye)屢次派兵(bing)相(xiang)救(jiu),可(ke)(ke)見(jian)至少(shao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)克(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)去(qu)世(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),晉(jin)(jin)國(guo)根本(ben)沒有(you)與(yu)(yu)契(qi)(qi)丹(dan)(dan)、幽州結仇(chou)(chou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)。他(ta)(ta)認為(wei)(wei)(wei),「 ”晉(jin)(jin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)矢”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)典故當(dang)(dang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)杜撰(zhuan),以(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)夸(kua)耀李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)英明神(shen)武(wu)。 王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)誤老奴 黃巢(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亂(luan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),傳國(guo)玉(yu)璽流入民(min)間(jian)(jian),輾轉落(luo)到(dao)(dao)魏(wei)州僧人(ren)(ren)傳真手中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。梁(liang)(liang)(liang)晉(jin)(jin)夾河(he)(he)對(dui)峙(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),傳真和尚(shang)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)玉(yu)璽獻(xian)給李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)玉(yu)璽,又(you)因(yin)諸將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)連番勸進(jin),遂(sui)有(you)稱(cheng)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。河(he)(he)東(dong)監(jian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)張(zhang)(zhang)承業素以(yi)(yi)唐(tang)(tang)臣(chen)(chen)自(zi)居(ju),連忙(mang)趕赴(fu)魏(wei)州,當(dang)(dang)面勸諫道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)父(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)與(yu)(yu)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)賊血(xue)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)家報仇(chou)(chou),恢(hui)復唐(tang)(tang)室社稷。如今(jin)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)賊未滅(mie)(mie),大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)便要(yao)稱(cheng)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),恐(kong)怕會(hui)(hui)令(ling)天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)人(ren)(ren)失望。大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)何(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)先誅除梁(liang)(liang)(liang)賊,為(wei)(wei)(wei)先帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)報仇(chou)(chou),迎立唐(tang)(tang)室后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。您(nin)(nin)(nin)再掃(sao)平(ping)吳蜀,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)統天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia),到(dao)(dao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)又(you)有(you)何(he)人(ren)(ren)能(neng)(neng)與(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)爭奪(duo)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。您(nin)(nin)(nin)謙(qian)讓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)越久,將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)來(lai)(lai)(lai)江山(shan)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)越穩固。”但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)卻(que)(que)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)也(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)愿稱(cheng)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)被群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)逼迫(po),無(wu)可(ke)(ke)奈何(he)。”張(zhang)(zhang)承業自(zi)知難以(yi)(yi)勸阻,大(da)(da)哭道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”諸侯們浴血(xue)奮戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),本(ben)為(wei)(wei)(wei)恢(hui)復唐(tang)(tang)朝(chao),現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)卻(que)(que)自(zi)取(qu)(qu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),欺(qi)騙老奴啊。”他(ta)(ta)返回晉(jin)(jin)陽(yang),從此(ci)(ci)(ci)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)病不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)起。 恃勇(yong)矜功 李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)自(zi)恃勇(yong)武(wu),平(ping)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)常(chang)率輕騎(qi)沖鋒,親(qin)(qin)臨戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)陣,因(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)經(jing)常(chang)陷入險境。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)镕、王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)處直都(dou)(dou)曾(ceng)(ceng)致信給李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu),勸他(ta)(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)如此(ci)(ci)(ci)輕率。但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)卻(que)(que)笑道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)經(jing)百(bai)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)如何(he)平(ping)定(ding)天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia),我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)怎(zen)能(neng)(neng)深居(ju)帷房(fang),將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)自(zi)己養的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)肥胖呢(ni)。”符存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)審(shen)(shen)也(ye)曾(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)勸諫李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)表面聽從,但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)趁符存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)審(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai),又(you)策馬跑(pao)出(chu)(chu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)營,還對(dui)左右侍從道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”這老頭(tou)子(zi)(zi)(zi)妨礙(ai)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)玩耍。” 胡(hu)柳陂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),周德(de)威建議李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)按兵(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong),先以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)股騎(qi)兵(bing)騷擾,使(shi)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)難以(yi)(yi)安(an)營,待其(qi)(qi)(qi)疲乏不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)堪時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)再發動(dong)進(jin)攻(gong)。但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)卻(que)(que)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)黃河(he)(he)沿(yan)岸終(zhong)(zhong)日(ri)挑戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)與(yu)(yu)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)決戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),卻(que)(que)始終(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)如愿。如今(jin)已經(jing)打(da)到(dao)(dao)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)家門口了(le)(le),卻(que)(que)避而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)豪杰所為(wei)(wei)(wei)。”他(ta)(ta)當(dang)(dang)先列陣出(chu)(chu)擊。周德(de)威無(wu)奈,只(zhi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)隨從出(chu)(chu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。結果(guo)晉(jin)(jin)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)大(da)(da)敗,周德(de)威也(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)死(si)(si)于(yu)(yu)(yu)亂(luan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)滅(mie)(mie)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),荊南(nan)(nan)(nan)節度(du)(du)(du)使(shi)高季興(xing)親(qin)(qin)自(zi)到(dao)(dao)洛(luo)(luo)陽(yang)朝(chao)覲。他(ta)(ta)返回荊南(nan)(nan)(nan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),對(dui)麾(hui)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)佐道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”新(xin)朝(chao)歷經(jing)百(bai)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)才(cai)平(ping)定(ding)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)。皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)便豎(shu)著(zhu)手指(zhi)(zhi),對(dui)功臣(chen)(chen)夸(kua)耀道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):‘我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)指(zhi)(zhi)頭(tou)上(shang)得(de)(de)(de)(de)天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。’如此(ci)(ci)(ci)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)(lai),滅(mie)(mie)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功歸(gui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren),臣(chen)(chen)僚(liao)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)佐又(you)有(you)什(shen)么功勞可(ke)(ke)言(yan)。功臣(chen)(chen)對(dui)此(ci)(ci)(ci)莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)寒心,我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)沒什(shen)么可(ke)(ke)擔(dan)憂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)。” 背(bei)(bei)(bei)信殺(sha)(sha)(sha)降 李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)滅(mie)(mie)蜀后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),命(ming)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)衍(yan)(yan)(yan)舉(ju)族(zu)遷居(ju)洛(luo)(luo)陽(yang),并(bing)保(bao)證道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)會(hui)(hui)封給你(ni)(ni)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)塊土地(di),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)(hui)薄(bo)待于(yu)(yu)(yu)你(ni)(ni),日(ri)月(yue)星三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)辰為(wei)(wei)(wei)證,絕不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)虛言(yan)欺(qi)哄(hong)!”王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)衍(yan)(yan)(yan)欣(xin)然(ran)動(dong)身,率領(ling)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)族(zu)、百(bai)官(guan)(guan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)家族(zu)數千(qian)人(ren)(ren),啟程東(dong)行(xing)。他(ta)(ta)行(xing)至關中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),因(yin)河(he)(he)北(bei)亂(luan)起,只(zhi)得(de)(de)(de)(de)暫留秦(qin)川驛。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)欲東(dong)征(zheng)平(ping)叛(pan),擔(dan)心王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)衍(yan)(yan)(yan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)作亂(luan),便命(ming)宦官(guan)(guan)向(xiang)延嗣前(qian)(qian)去(qu)誅殺(sha)(sha)(sha)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)衍(yan)(yan)(yan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)家。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)母徐氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)臨死(si)(si)高呼道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)兒舉(ju)國(guo)降順,皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)許以(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)死(si)(si),而(er)今(jin)卻(que)(que)行(xing)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)戮。他(ta)(ta)言(yan)而(er)無(wu)信,必(bi)遭報應。” 而(er)據(ju)《新(xin)五代(dai)(dai)(dai)史(shi)·張(zhang)(zhang)居(ju)翰傳》記載(zai),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)衍(yan)(yan)(yan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)千(qian)余(yu)人(ren)(ren)全(quan)部誅殺(sha)(sha)(sha)。但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)樞密使(shi)張(zhang)(zhang)居(ju)翰認為(wei)(wei)(wei)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)降不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祥,便私下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)詔書(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)「 ”王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)衍(yan)(yan)(yan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)”改為(wei)(wei)(wei)「 ”王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)衍(yan)(yan)(yan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)家”。最(zui)(zui)終(zhong)(zhong)被殺(sha)(sha)(sha)者(zhe)只(zhi)有(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)衍(yan)(yan)(yan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)近宗(zong)(zong)(zong)親(qin)(qin)屬,隨行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)蜀降臣(chen)(chen)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)族(zu)千(qian)余(yu)人(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)免(mian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)死(si)(si)。 嫡庶倒置 李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)早(zao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)娶韓(han)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)正妻(qi)(qi),后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)又(you)納伊(yi)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、劉(liu)(liu)(liu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)妾(qie)。三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)女之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),韓(han)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)首,伊(yi)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)次,劉(liu)(liu)(liu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)末(mo)(mo)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)次雖低但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)最(zui)(zui)受寵,又(you)生(sheng)(sheng)有(you)長子(zi)(zi)(zi)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)繼(ji)岌。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)稱(cheng)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),有(you)意立劉(liu)(liu)(liu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)礙(ai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)法制(zhi)度(du)(du)(du),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)亂(luan)了(le)(le)妻(qi)(qi)妾(qie)次序,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)遲(chi)遲(chi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)立皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)宰執豆(dou)盧(lu)革、郭(guo)崇(chong)韜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奏請(qing)(qing)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia),越過(guo)韓(han)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、伊(yi)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),冊立劉(liu)(liu)(liu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。韓(han)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、伊(yi)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)皆忿忿不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)平(ping)。 而(er)對(dui)待父(fu)親(qin)(qin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)妻(qi)(qi)妾(qie),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)如此(ci)(ci)(ci)。根據(ju)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)法制(zhi)度(du)(du)(du),皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)庶出(chu)(chu)繼(ji)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),當(dang)(dang)以(yi)(yi)嫡母為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),尊生(sheng)(sheng)母為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太妃。但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)稱(cheng)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),卻(que)(que)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)嫡母劉(liu)(liu)(liu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尊為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太妃,尊生(sheng)(sheng)母曹氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),劉(liu)(liu)(liu)太妃赴(fu)太后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)宮中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)拜賀。曹太后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)羞慚不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)已,面有(you)愧色。 伶官(guan)(guan)天子(zi)(zi)(zi) 李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)自(zi)幼便喜(xi)歡唱戲,常(chang)與(yu)(yu)伶人(ren)(ren)嬉戲廝混,稱(cheng)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)自(zi)取(qu)(qu)藝名為(wei)(wei)(wei)「 ”李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)”。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次,李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)與(yu)(yu)眾伶人(ren)(ren)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)同(tong)(tong)嬉鬧,四處張(zhang)(zhang)望著(zhu)喊道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia),李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)何(he)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)?”伶人(ren)(ren)敬(jing)(jing)新(xin)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)越眾上(shang)前(qian)(qian),抬(tai)手便扇了(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)耳光(guang)(guang)。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)頓時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)被打(da)懵了(le)(le),伶人(ren)(ren)們也(ye)都(dou)(dou)驚(jing)駭(hai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)已。敬(jing)(jing)新(xin)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)笑道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”理(li)天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)只(zhi)有(you)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren),你(ni)(ni)還呼喊誰呢(ni)?”伶人(ren)(ren)們盡(jin)皆失笑。李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)非但(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)怒,還重賞了(le)(le)敬(jing)(jing)新(xin)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)。 后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai),敬(jing)(jing)新(xin)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)到(dao)(dao)殿(dian)(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)奏事(shi),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)殿(dian)(dian)內被惡犬追逐(zhu)。他(ta)(ta)躲在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)根庭(ting)柱邊(bian),叫道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”陛下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)縱使(shi)兒女咬人(ren)(ren)。”李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)出(chu)(chu)身夷狄(di),非常(chang)忌諱(hui)狗(gou),聞(wen)言(yan)大(da)(da)怒,當(dang)(dang)場便要(yao)拉弓(gong)射死(si)(si)敬(jing)(jing)新(xin)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)。敬(jing)(jing)新(xin)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)忙(mang)喊道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”陛下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo),我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)與(yu)(yu)陛下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)乃是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體,殺(sha)(sha)(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)詳。”李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)忙(mang)問緣由,他(ta)(ta)答道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):「 ”陛下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)號(hao)同(tong)(tong)光(guang)(guang)。天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)都(dou)(dou)稱(cheng)您(nin)(nin)(nin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)同(tong)(tong)光(guang)(guang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。殺(sha)(sha)(sha)了(le)(le)敬(jing)(jing)新(xin)磨(mo)(mo)(mo),同(tong)(tong)(銅)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)沒有(you)光(guang)(guang)了(le)(le)。”李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)勖(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)大(da)(da)笑,饒了(le)(le)敬(jing)(jing)新(xin)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)。
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