你們知道華夏人(ren)文共祖帝(di)(di)嚳又稱為(wei)“高辛氏”，來歷和玉皇(huang)大帝(di)(di)有(you)關，接下來小(xiao)編(bian)為(wei)您講解
帝嚳(kù)(生卒年不詳)，姬姓，高辛氏，名俊， 黃帝的曾孫，古帝顓(zhuan)頊(zhuān xū)的侄子，中(zhong)華上古時期部(bu)落聯盟首領，也就是“上古五帝”中(zhong)的第三位。
傳說帝嚳一(yi)誕生，便有許(xu)多神(shen)秘奇異之處(chu)，他“生而神(shen)靈，自言其名(ming)”。帝嚳長大后，才(cai)智過人，繼(ji)承了顓頊(xu)的帝位，他能(neng)順(shun)應天時地利，愛(ai)護(hu)百姓，為人民(min)做(zuo)了許(xu)多好事，深得民(min)心。成為后世天下人的表率。因(yin)此，他統治期間，四海升平(ping)，國泰民(min)安。
而關于“高辛”二字的(de)來(lai)(lai)龍去(qu)脈，也有個神(shen)秘奇特的(de)傳說(shuo)。據說(shuo)，在顓(zhuan)頊擔(dan)任帝位的(de)時(shi)候，有九(jiu)個諸侯部落相約(yue)前(qian)來(lai)(lai)攻打中原，顓(zhuan)頊知道帝嚳足智多謀，便找他前(qian)來(lai)(lai)出謀劃策。帝嚳說(shuo)：“九(jiu)個諸侯國同時(shi)來(lai)(lai)攻打我(wo)們，我(wo)們如(ru)果跟他們硬(ying)打硬(ying)拼，必然顧此(ci)失(shi)彼，很難(nan)取(qu)勝。”
顓頊(xu)說：“那么以你之見呢?”帝嚳(ku)說：“這九個敵人都想獨吞我們的地盤，但(dan)他(ta)們之間彼此提防，各(ge)(ge)有各(ge)(ge)的打算。我們若(ruo)能叫他(ta)們之間互相(xiang)打起來(lai)，不就好消滅他(ta)們了嗎?”
顓頊聽了(le)喜出望外，連(lian)連(lian)叫好：“哈哈，妙(miao)計!妙(miao)計!”。于是就(jiu)派人分別到九(jiu)路(lu)人馬中(zhong)(zhong)調撥他們的關系，很快這九(jiu)路(lu)人馬就(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)計了(le)，互相之(zhi)間亂打起(qi)來。
等到這九路人馬互相(xiang)打的(de)人困馬乏(fa)的(de)時(shi)候，顓(zhuan)頊派出一支精銳(rui)部隊，沒費多大(da)力(li)氣(qi)，就平滅了這次叛亂。
顓(zhuan)頊看帝嚳很有能耐(nai)，就把他(ta)封在“辛”(今河南(nan)省(sheng)商丘(qiu)市睢(sui)陽區高辛鎮)這個區域，掌(zhang)管(guan)所有的大小事物。
當(dang)時，辛這(zhe)個(ge)地方經常鬧水災，水來了(le)，老(lao)百(bai)姓(xing)就往另一(yi)個(ge)地方遷(qian)徙(xi)(xi)。而(er)重新遷(qian)徙(xi)(xi)的地方又鬧了(le)水災，老(lao)百(bai)姓(xing)便又重新遷(qian)回來。這(zhe)樣遷(qian)來遷(qian)去，老(lao)是不能安居樂業。
帝(di)嚳想(xiang)了一個辦法：帶領大家把住處的(de)地勢加高(gao)。但是(shi)加高(gao)的(de)速度卻趕不上水(shui)漲的(de)速度，頭天加高(gao)的(de)，第(di)二(er)天又被水(shui)淹沒了。
夜(ye)里，帝嚳(ku)翻來覆去的(de)睡不(bu)著(zhu)，便一怒之下跑(pao)到天庭(ting)，同玉皇大帝爭論起來，并說：“既(ji)然上天誕生了人類(lei)，為什(shen)么(me)又故意與人類(lei)為難，不(bu)叫人類(lei)活下去呢(ni)?”
玉皇(huang)大帝辯(bian)不(bu)過他，只得派天神下來，一下子(zi)把“辛(xin)”這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)地(di)方(fang)的地(di)勢抬高(gao)。這(zhe)(zhe)兒的老百姓再也(ye)(ye)不(bu)怕水災了，可以建設家園了。從此“辛(xin)”便稱為(wei)(wei)“高(gao)辛(xin)”，帝嚳也(ye)(ye)被稱為(wei)(wei)“高(gao)辛(xin)氏”。
按神話學的說法，到天界當神是為了享福的， 那么，就看下面吧。 秦漢時曾把黃帝、炎帝、少昊、太昊、顓頊等作為上帝，那么上古的君主，應該都曾被人尊崇為上帝。這些君主，依皇甫謐《帝王世紀》，有燧人氏、伏羲氏、女媧氏、大庭氏、柏皇氏、中央氏、栗陸氏、驪連氏、赫胥氏、尊盧氏、混沌氏、皞英氏、有巢氏、朱襄氏、葛天氏、陰康氏、無懷氏。此后是神農氏(shi)(shi)(shi)炎帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)熊氏(shi)(shi)(shi)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和蚩尤氏(shi)(shi)(shi)。再(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)子(zi)(zi)(zi)孫：金(jin)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)少昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、高陽氏(shi)(shi)(shi)顓頊、高辛(xin)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)俈。再(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)陶唐(tang)(tang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)堯、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)虞氏(shi)(shi)(shi)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)舜、夏(xia)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)禹(yu)。 這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)名(ming)(ming)(ming)單(dan)若說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)全無(wu)根據(ju)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)武(wu)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)許多帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)王(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，都曾在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)先秦著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)過(guo)。夏(xia)商以(yi)(yi)前(qian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)社會(hui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定更換了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)許多君主(zhu)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)只有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)知名(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)君主(zhu)留在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)憶中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最優秀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾位(wei)，被(bei)秦漢(han)(han)(han)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)加(jia)以(yi)(yi)祭(ji)祀(si)(si)。 據(ju)唐(tang)(tang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)趙(zhao)匡和宋(song)(song)(song)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)朱熹的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解釋(shi)，魯(lu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)禘(di)祭(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)戰國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)許多國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)所(suo)祭(ji)祀(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)該有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖先在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)內。 據(ju)《史(shi)(shi)記(ji)(ji)·封禪書(shu)(shu)》，齊國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)所(suo)祭(ji)八神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)主(zhu)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)主(zhu)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。魏(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)祭(ji)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，晉即韓國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)祭(ji)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，與(yu)秦相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)近(jin)。這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)至上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，秦漢(han)(han)(han)統一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初都保留了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)下(xia)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)，并且(qie)允許在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)安為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)建(jian)(jian)立祭(ji)壇。只是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)漢(han)(han)(han)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)祭(ji)祀(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)乃(nai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)秦朝(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。 亳人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)謬忌奏祠太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)，曰：“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)貴者(zhe)(zhe)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)佐曰五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。古(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)春秋(qiu)祭(ji)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)東(dong)南郊……”（《史(shi)(shi)記(ji)(ji)·封禪書(shu)(shu)》） 關(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)歷(li)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)創(chuang)(chuang)造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)痕跡(ji)非(fei)常明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)。那(nei)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謬忌，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)方(fang)(fang)士(shi)，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)儒生(sheng)，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)兼(jian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)再(zai)(zai)(zai)沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料。這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)問題(ti)，我(wo)們(men)(men)(men)(men)也(ye)(ye)(ye)只能留給后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。 太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)用是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)給諸(zhu)位(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)找到了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)首(shou)領。雖(sui)然(ran)(ran)(ran)依理而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)論(lun)(lun)(lun)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最尊(zun)(zun)者(zhe)(zhe)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，這(zhe)(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差別(bie)(bie)(bie)，僅僅相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)當(dang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)諸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)聯盟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盟主(zhu)和其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)諸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差別(bie)(bie)(bie)，還不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)至高無(wu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和大(da)臣(chen)、諸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別(bie)(bie)(bie)。太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)，把(ba)(ba)(ba)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)都降為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輔佐，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)等于(yu)(yu)(yu)宣布，漢(han)(han)(han)家(jia)(jia)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)絕對(dui)高于(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)諸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)統治者(zhe)(zhe)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)盟主(zhu)。對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)剛剛平定了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)七國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)諸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)叛亂、又離春秋(qiu)戰國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漢(han)(han)(han)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)王(wang)(wang)(wang)朝(chao)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，這(zhe)(zhe)樣一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊(zun)(zun)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)絕對(dui)必(bi)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，顯(xian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)諸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)割據(ju)、甚至反叛中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)政權提(ti)供著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)學上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依據(ju)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)漢(han)(han)(han)文(wen)(wen)(wen)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期，淮(huai)南王(wang)(wang)(wang)劉(liu)長(chang)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)曾經自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“東(dong)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”（14），此后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)吳(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)劉(liu)濞又自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“東(dong)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”（15）。 然(ran)(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)，太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)卻不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)儒經。雖(sui)然(ran)(ran)(ran)漢(han)(han)(han)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)確(que)定了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)獨尊(zun)(zun)儒術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政策(ce)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)立國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)祭(ji)祀(si)(si)系(xi)(xi)統這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)問題(ti)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)獨尊(zun)(zun)儒術，似乎還有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)許多工作(zuo)(zuo)要做。 上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，還有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)成(cheng)仙上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)已(yi)(yi)故(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)魂(hun)，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)？從(cong)現(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)所(suo)見(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料看來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)，當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)約三(san)種意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)都有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。 漢(han)(han)(han)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)認(ren)(ren)(ren)真(zhen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)信(xin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)“且(qie)戰且(qie)學仙”、而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)最后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)騎龍升(sheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，并且(qie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此慨嘆道：“嗟乎！吾誠得如黃(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，吾視(shi)去妻子(zi)(zi)(zi)如脫屣耳(er)”。（《史(shi)(shi)記(ji)(ji)·封禪書(shu)(shu)》）《淮(huai)南子(zi)(zi)(zi)·地形(xing)訓》說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，建(jian)(jian)木是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“眾(zhong)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)所(suo)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)”。這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)質性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)莽(mang)(mang)(mang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)所(suo)見(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《紫閣圖》又說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)成(cheng)仙上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，那(nei)么，相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)信(xin)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)物(wu)質性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仙人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，當(dang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)當(dang)重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)。 第(di)二(er)(er)種，當(dang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)《淮(huai)南子(zi)(zi)(zi)·天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)訓》、《淮(huai)南子(zi)(zi)(zi)·精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)訓》和董仲舒為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)。他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)副(fu)”，說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)什么天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)四時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)四肢(zhi)；天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)象(xiang)(xiang)圓，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)頭圓；地象(xiang)(xiang)方(fang)(fang)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)足方(fang)(fang)；天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)十二(er)(er)月，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)十二(er)(er)節(jie)；耳(er)目像日月，頭發像星(xing)辰(chen)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)藏副(fu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)，呼吸副(fu)風氣(qi)(qi)等等。（16）這(zhe)(zhe)里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，似乎并不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)象(xiang)(xiang)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)整個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)界(jie)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)，這(zhe)(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)觀，并非(fei)西方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)論(lun)(lun)(lun)。西方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)論(lun)(lun)(lun)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)把(ba)(ba)(ba)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)成(cheng)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)界(jie)；而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)漢(han)(han)(han)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)(zhe)種把(ba)(ba)(ba)整個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)界(jie)當(dang)成(cheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)把(ba)(ba)(ba)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)界(jie)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)成(cheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，并且(qie)主(zhu)宰(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)事，賞善罰惡。 第(di)三(san)種，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)把(ba)(ba)(ba)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)當(dang)作(zuo)(zuo)精(jing)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)。據(ju)《漢(han)(han)(han)書(shu)(shu)·郊祀(si)(si)志(zhi)》，王(wang)(wang)(wang)莽(mang)(mang)(mang)曾經改(gai)革郊祀(si)(si)制(zhi)(zhi)度，并重新(xin)(xin)確(que)定了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)字。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“皇(huang)(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”，五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“黃(huang)(huang)(huang)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)土（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、太(tai)(tai)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)青(qing)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)勾芒（東(dong)方(fang)(fang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、炎帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)赤靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)祝(zhu)融(rong)（南方(fang)(fang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、少昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)白靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)蓐收（西方(fang)(fang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、顓頊黑靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)玄(xuan)冥（北(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）”。把(ba)(ba)(ba)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)”，顯(xian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)表示著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)精(jing)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)從(cong)這(zhe)(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)候起(qi)，我(wo)們(men)(men)(men)(men)才能把(ba)(ba)(ba)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)和靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)連在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)，合稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)。 這(zhe)(zhe)三(san)種有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)關(guan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀念，可(ke)(ke)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，但沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)發生(sheng)爭(zheng)論(lun)(lun)(lun)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)各(ge)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)各(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，各(ge)信(xin)各(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。甚至在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)身上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)信(xin)這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種，時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)信(xin)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種，比如王(wang)(wang)(wang)莽(mang)(mang)(mang)。然(ran)(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)明(ming)(ming)確(que)認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，并且(qie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)祭(ji)祀(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)出(chu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)祇觀念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要進步。 與(yu)關(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)體(ti)質逐漸明(ming)(ming)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)逐漸向(xiang)(xiang)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)儒經確(que)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)發展。王(wang)(wang)(wang)莽(mang)(mang)(mang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)前(qian)面所(suo)加(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“皇(huang)(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”名(ming)(ming)(ming)號(hao)(hao)，出(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)《尙(shang)書(shu)(shu)·召誥》：“皇(huang)(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，改(gai)厥元子(zi)(zi)(zi)茲(zi)大(da)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)殷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)”。這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)，表明(ming)(ming)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)祭(ji)祀(si)(si)系(xi)(xi)統儒教化程度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)深。 大(da)約在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)皇(huang)(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)名(ming)(ming)(ming)號(hao)(hao)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)號(hao)(hao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)發生(sheng)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)改(gai)變。據(ju)顏(yan)師古(gu)《漢(han)(han)(han)書(shu)(shu)注·郊祀(si)(si)志(zhi)》，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)威(wei)仰（蒼(cang)(cang)、青(qing)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、赤熛(biao)怒(nu)(nu)（赤帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、白招（17）矩(ju)(ju)（白帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、葉(xie)（18）光紀(ji)（黑帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、含(han)樞(shu)紐（黃(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)府（蒼(cang)(cang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、文(wen)(wen)(wen)祖（赤帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、顯(xian)紀(ji)（白帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、玄(xuan)矩(ju)(ju)（黑帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）、神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)斗（黃(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）。據(ju)司(si)馬貞《史(shi)(shi)記(ji)(ji)索隱(yin)·天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)官書(shu)(shu)》，靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)威(wei)仰等名(ming)(ming)(ming)號(hao)(hao)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)緯(wei)書(shu)(shu)《詩·含(han)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)霧》；據(ju)現(xian)(xian)存(cun)輯(ji)佚而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緯(wei)書(shu)(shu)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《河圖》類、《春秋(qiu)》類緯(wei)書(shu)(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，都有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)威(wei)仰等帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)名(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)載。唐(tang)(tang)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)杜佑《通(tong)典》卷四十二(er)(er)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)感生(sheng)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)……”下(xia)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)注道：“鄭(zheng)玄(xuan)據(ju)《春秋(qiu)緯(wei)》說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，蒼(cang)(cang)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)威(wei)仰，赤則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)赤熛(biao)怒(nu)(nu)……”。說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)(ming)緯(wei)書(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)們(men)(men)(men)(men)，已(yi)(yi)經普遍(bian)認(ren)(ren)(ren)可(ke)(ke)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)威(wei)仰等名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。緯(wei)書(shu)(shu)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)多是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)儒者(zhe)(zhe)，給五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)重新(xin)(xin)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)(ming)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)儒者(zhe)(zhe)們(men)(men)(men)(men)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)宗教禮(li)儀方(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要創(chuang)(chuang)造。 到了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)，儒者(zhe)(zhe)們(men)(men)(men)(men)對(dui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)觀念又進行(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)熱烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)討論(lun)(lun)(lun)。鄭(zheng)眾(zhong)認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)·大(da)宗伯》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)思是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)：“昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)；上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，玄(xuan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”（鄭(zheng)玄(xuan)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)注》引(yin)）唐(tang)(tang)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)賈公彥(yan)(yan)作(zuo)(zuo)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)疏》，認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鄭(zheng)眾(zhong)認(ren)(ren)(ren)玄(xuan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)易·文(wen)(wen)(wen)言傳》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)玄(xuan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)地黃(huang)(huang)(huang)”。把(ba)(ba)(ba)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)看作(zuo)(zuo)玄(xuan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，表明(ming)(ming)他(ta)(ta)已(yi)(yi)經不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)再(zai)(zai)(zai)認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)象(xiang)(xiang)。 鄭(zheng)玄(xuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)意(yi)(yi)鄭(zheng)眾(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)，他(ta)(ta)認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)冬至于(yu)(yu)(yu)圜丘所(suo)祭(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)皇(huang)(huang)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)皇(huang)(huang)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)極(ji)星(xing)，名(ming)(ming)(ming)叫耀魄寶(bao)。并且(qie)，昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)又名(ming)(ming)(ming)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)紫微宮中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“皇(huang)(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”，也(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。（參(can)見(jian)(jian)(jian)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)》鄭(zheng)玄(xuan)注、賈公彥(yan)(yan)疏） 依鄭(zheng)玄(xuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)皇(huang)(huang)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、皇(huang)(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)實異名(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概念。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實體(ti)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)極(ji)星(xing)。也(ye)(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)極(ji)星(xing)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)太(tai)(tai)微垣(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)星(xing)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，分(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)威(wei)仰、赤熛(biao)怒(nu)(nu)等等。 依鄭(zheng)玄(xuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)六位(wei)，他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)極(ji)星(xing)和太(tai)(tai)微垣(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)星(xing)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)極(ji)星(xing)最為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尊(zun)(zun)貴。這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)影響深遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“六天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)”。 漢(han)(han)(han)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，三(san)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)曹魏(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儒者(zhe)(zhe)王(wang)(wang)(wang)肅反對(dui)鄭(zheng)玄(xuan)，他(ta)(ta)認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)只有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)”：“以(yi)(yi)地有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，故(gu)亦為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。”（《孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)家(jia)(jia)語(yu)注·五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)》）但他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)只是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“佐成(cheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)事”（同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)），不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能和昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)提(ti)并論(lun)(lun)(lun)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)尊(zun)(zun)者(zhe)(zhe)，莫(mo)若于(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”（王(wang)(wang)(wang)肅《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)易注·震卦(gua)》）。 從(cong)此以(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)只有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六位(wei)，儒者(zhe)(zhe)們(men)(men)(men)(men)進行(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)長(chang)期反復的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)討論(lun)(lun)(lun)。但上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)從(cong)王(wang)(wang)(wang)肅開始，已(yi)(yi)經不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)再(zai)(zai)(zai)發生(sheng)異議。葛洪道： 山川草木，井灶洿池，猶皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)精(jing)氣(qi)(qi)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)身之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)魂(hun)魄，況天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至大(da)者(zhe)(zhe)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)理當(dang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)；有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)宜賞善而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)罰惡。但其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)大(da)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)網疏，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)必(bi)機發而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)響應(ying)耳(er)。（《抱樸子(zi)(zi)(zi)內篇·微旨》） 這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次出(chu)現(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、明(ming)(ming)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)萬物(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)論(lun)(lun)(lun)主(zhu)張。并且(qie)認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)。 自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)從(cong)王(wang)(wang)(wang)莽(mang)(mang)(mang)據(ju)《尙(shang)書(shu)(shu)》將上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“皇(huang)(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)繼(ji)承(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)王(wang)(wang)(wang)莽(mang)(mang)(mang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)去掉了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)“太(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”，僅稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“皇(huang)(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”。此后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)三(san)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)鼎立，曹魏(wei)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“皇(huang)(huang)皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”，吳(wu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“皇(huang)(huang)皇(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”，蜀(shu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)繼(ji)承(cheng)漢(han)(han)(han)家(jia)(jia)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)對(dui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)仍(reng)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“皇(huang)(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”。晉統一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次據(ju)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)》，稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”。此后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，南朝(chao)梁武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)曾稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)皇(huang)(huang)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)北(bei)(bei)(bei)朝(chao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)多稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。隋承(cheng)北(bei)(bei)(bei)朝(chao)制(zhi)(zhi)度，唐(tang)(tang)又承(cheng)隋，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”終于(yu)(yu)(yu)穩固下(xia)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)。儒者(zhe)(zhe)們(men)(men)(men)(men)據(ju)《毛詩》，又對(dui)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)進行(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)： 《毛詩傳》云：元氣(qi)(qi)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)大(da)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。遠視(shi)蒼(cang)(cang)蒼(cang)(cang)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蒼(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。此則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)以(yi)(yi)蒼(cang)(cang)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)體(ti)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)入星(xing)辰(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)列。（19） 唐(tang)(tang)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)儒者(zhe)(zhe)肯定了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)《毛詩》對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)使(shi)《毛詩》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)解說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)儒教上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)觀念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)。宋(song)(song)(song)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)初葉(xie)，儒者(zhe)(zhe)們(men)(men)(men)(men)仍(reng)然(ran)(ran)(ran)信(xin)奉《毛詩》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)觀。北(bei)(bei)(bei)宋(song)(song)(song)建(jian)(jian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)久于(yu)(yu)(yu)開寶(bao)年間制(zhi)(zhi)訂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《開寶(bao)通(tong)禮(li)》道：“元氣(qi)(qi)廣大(da)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，據(ju)遠視(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蒼(cang)(cang)然(ran)(ran)(ran)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蒼(cang)(cang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)尊(zun)(zun)，莫(mo)過(guo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，托(tuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，故(gu)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。……天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)以(yi)(yi)蒼(cang)(cang)昊(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)體(ti)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)入星(xing)辰(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)列。”（《宋(song)(song)(song)史(shi)(shi)·禮(li)志(zhi)》）也(ye)(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，那(nei)遠視(shi)蒼(cang)(cang)蒼(cang)(cang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)浩大(da)元氣(qi)(qi)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)。那(nei)么，這(zhe)(zhe)廣大(da)元氣(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)？《開寶(bao)通(tong)禮(li)》沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)喻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)。宋(song)(song)(song)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)思想家(jia)(jia)張載說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“凡可(ke)(ke)狀，皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)；凡有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，皆(jie)象(xiang)(xiang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)；凡象(xiang)(xiang)，皆(jie)氣(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。氣(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)本虛而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)與(yu)性(xing)乃(nai)氣(qi)(qi)所(suo)固有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，此鬼(gui)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)體(ti)物(wu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)遺也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”（《正蒙·乾稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)篇》）神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)和性(xing)，既是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)固有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。那(nei)么，哪里存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)氣(qi)(qi)，哪里也(ye)(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)固有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)與(yu)性(xing)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)鬼(gui)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切事物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)遺漏
上古諸神
（一）主神
1、盤古:天辟地神
天地混沌如雞子，盤谷生其中。萬八千歲，天地開辟，陽晴為天，陰濁為地。盤谷在其中，一日九變，神于天，圣于地。天日高一丈，地日厚一丈，盤古日長一丈，如此萬八千歲。天數極高，地數極深，盤古極長。后乃有三皇。數起于一，利于三，成于五，盛于七，處于九，古天地去九萬里。
2、女媧: 造人，婚姻
傳說天地開辟，未有人民，女媧摶土作人，劇務，力不暇供，乃引繩于洹泥中，舉以為人。故富貴知者，黃土人也；貧賤凡庸者，洹人也。
3、伏羲: 教化世人
伏羲是中華民族敬仰的人文始祖，居三皇之首。相傳伏羲的母親華胥氏外出，在雷澤中無意中看到一個特大的腳印，好奇的華胥用她的足跡丈量了大人的足跡，不知不覺感應受孕，懷胎十二年后，伏羲降生了。晉皇甫謐《帝王世紀》說：“太昊帝庖犧氏，風姓也，燧人之世有巨人跡出于雷澤，華胥以足履之，有娠，生伏羲于成紀。”東晉王嘉《拾遺記》說：“春皇者，庖犧之別號。所都之國有華胥之州，神母游其上，有青虹繞神母，久而方滅，即覺有娠，歷十二年而生庖犧。”唐司馬貞《補史記.三皇本紀》說：“太暤包犧氏，風姓，代燧人氏繼天而王。母曰華胥，履大人跡于雷澤，而生庖犧于成紀。蛇身人首，有圣德。”
4、后土: 幽都的統治者
5、共工: 水神
共工氏，姓姜，是炎帝的后裔。《淮南子》記載：昔者共工與顓頊爭為帝，怒而觸不周之山，天柱折，地維絕，天傾西北，故日月星辰移焉；地不滿東南，故水潦塵埃歸焉。
6、祝融:火神，掌管夏天
重黎（簡稱黎），又稱祝誦，祝和。相傳帝嚳高辛氏時，他在有熊氏之虛（今鄭新）擔任火正之官，能昭顯天地之光明，生柔五谷材木，為民造福。帝嚳命曰祝融，后世尊為火神。
祝融氏是黃帝的后世子孫。《史記卷四十?楚世家》說：“ 高陽者，黃帝之孫，昌意之子也。高陽生稱，稱生卷章，卷章生重黎。重黎為帝嚳高辛居火正，甚有功，能光融天下，帝嚳命曰祝融。共工氏作亂，帝嚳使重黎誅之而不盡。帝乃以庚寅日誅重黎，而以其弟吳回為重黎后，復居火正，為祝融。
7、雷神：雷神
澤受孕中的那個雷神。
8、羲和：太陽女神 西方天帝帝俊的妻子。羲和國中有個女子名叫羲和，她生了十個太陽。“太陽之母”是關于她的傳說之一。“羲和者帝俊之妻，生十日。”《山海經?大荒南經》
9、句芒：生命之神，木神，主管春天
10、蓐收：刑罰之神，人面虎爪。手里拿了一把曲尺掌管秋天。
11、西王母：主管瘟疫刑罰的神（是司天之厲及五殘）西王母其狀如人，豹尾虎齒而善嘯，蓬發戴勝，是司天之厲及五殘。
12、神農：主管農業，醫藥之神
傳說中的上古帝王神農氏。因以火德王，故稱為炎帝。繼女媧后為天下共主,傳說是農耕和醫藥的發明者,又創造五弦瑟,開始蠟祭和市場.自他以后中國進入農耕社會.
13、常羲：月亮女神
14、禹虢：海神和風神，掌管冬天
15 相柳：沼澤神
16 英招：園林神
17 長乘：沙漠神
18 冰夷：河神
（二）五方天帝
東方 木 天帝：伏羲（也有叫太皓的）輔神：九河神女華胥氏及屬神句芒
后為女媧所繼承。
南方 火 天帝：炎帝 輔神：火神祝融
本來炎帝是最高神，炎黃之戰后退到南方掌管一方。
西方 金 天帝：少昊 輔神：水神共工
本來應該是東方海外一個鳥國的國王，后來成了西方的天帝。
北方 水 天帝：顓頊 輔神：海神禺強(又名冬神玄冥)
黃帝的曾孫。
中央 土
天帝：黃帝 最高神。這才是真正的"天帝"，統管四方。
黃帝時代的諸神
陸吾、英招、離珠、金甲神
蚩尤、風伯雨師、赤松子、力牧、神皇、風后、應龍、魃、夸父、大力神夸娥氏、
大庭氏、五龍氏
炎帝，又稱為神農氏
炎帝的女兒
女娃(后化身精衛鳥)
瑤姬，
還有一個小女兒，其名不可考，
少昊母為皇娥、長子春神句芒、次子秋神蓐收
顓頊的后代
四子：虐鬼、魍魎、送窮鬼、梼杌
后代：老童、太子長琴、黎、重、彭祖(孫)
帝俊
天上妻子：羲和、常羲
人間妻子(省略)
女丑、羿
鯀 妻:女喜。
堯 又名：放勛， 妻女皇；
舜 姓姚，名重華，妻娥皇，女英；
禹，父鯀，妻"女嬌",又名涂山氏，系九尾白狐精
三皇：
指天地人三皇，分別是伏羲、神農與女媧。
五帝：
通常指 黃帝 | 顓頊 | 帝俊 | 堯 | 舜
1、鬼母造鬼
世界有了天，有了地，但是還沒有人。黃帝聽說鬼母的本事極大，就命令她造人。按照皇帝的指令，她造得十分努力，一次就生下了十個生靈，但卻不是人，是地地道道的鬼，他們就是主管地獄的十閻王。鬼就是鬼，怎么能產出人呢？
2、鐘山燭龍
鬼母造人失敗了，皇帝又找到鐘山的燭龍神。燭龍神長著人的臉，蛇的身子，紅色的皮膚，身軀有一千里長。燭龍神努力的生產了一千年，但最終沒有造出人來，只是生下了很多鱷目啊，鱷蜥什么的，也許是因為他身上還殘留著動物的體形，所以不能產出人類來。
3、雷澤受孕
黃帝覺得需要有兩個本領高強的天神，一個管理下界地上的神仙，一個管理即將誕生的人類。于是他就召見雷神，要他到下界西北幾千萬里的地方去，在那里孕育出兩個本領高強的天神。有一天，沼澤之中下起了狂風暴雨，雷神就在這里留下了巨大的腳印，誰先踩到這個腳印，誰就會懷孕，接受孕育天神的使命。在西北極樂世界這里，有個叫做華胥氏的仙女，生得國色天香，她因為好奇和好玩踩了那個腳印，孕育兩大天神的使命就這樣落到了她的身上。華胥氏一次生下了兩個孩子，他們就是伏羲和女媧。那個沼澤，就叫做雷澤。
4、創造人類
女媧在荒寂的大地上行走，沒有人跟她說話，她覺得很孤獨，于是，她決定創造人類。女媧走出一片茂密的森林，看見了一處水澤，她想了想，就在那處水澤的邊上蹲下來，掘出水邊地上的黃泥，摻合了水，仿造自己的樣子，創造出了人。
“傳說天地開辟，未有人民，女媧摶土作人，劇務，力不暇供，乃引繩于洹泥中，舉以為人。故富貴知者，黃土人也；貧賤凡庸者，洹人也。”上古傳說人物
盤古—盤古開天辟地
-{A|夸父}-—夸父追日
燧人（燧人氏）—鉆燧取火
女媧（女媧氏）—女媧補天、女媧造人
伏羲（伏羲氏）—伏羲造八卦
祝融（祝融氏）
神農（炎帝、后稷、神農氏）—神農嘗百草
黃帝（黃帝氏、軒轅氏、有熊氏）
嫘祖 —黃帝之妻，教人養蠶
蚩尤
刑天
倉頡—倉頡造字
堯
舜
禹—大禹治水
共工—怒觸不周山
后羿—后羿射日
嫦娥—嫦娥奔月
[編輯]道教神話人物
三清—道教的最高神靈。
玉皇大帝
西王母
八仙
[編輯]佛教神話人物
觀音
閻王
龍王
[編輯]民間傳說人物
不少民間傳說都把一些曾驅散瘟疫的將軍將領供奉入廟，所以他們都放進這行列中。
灶君
媽祖
黃大仙
譚公
車公（又稱“車大元帥”）
侯王
洪圣
[編輯]其他神話人物
牛郎
織女
孫悟空—齊天大圣、大鬧天宮、三打白骨精
二郎神
沉香—劈山救母
托塔天王
哪吒
金吒
木吒
千里眼
順風耳
雨神
風婆
雷公
電母
土地（土地佬、土地公）
河伯
城隍
譚公
北帝
必方
海若
玄女
比干（財神）
鐘馗
王子喬
琴高
趙公明（財神）
[編輯]神獸和神怪
鰲
嘯天犬
巴蛇
鳳凰
吉光
鶼
精衛—精衛填海
鹔鹴
鵬
青龍
白虎
朱雀
玄武
龍王
伏藏龍
神龍
地龍
天龍
麒麟
貔貅
夔
鯤
僵尸
狐貍精
蛇精
夜叉
年獸
牛頭馬面
蝦兵蟹將
瑞獅
饕餮
窮奇
梼杌
混沌
魈
魑
魅
魍
魎
鼉
睚眥
狻猊
狴犴
蒲牢
負質
螭吻（鴟尾，鴟吻）
椒圖
囚牛
嘲風
[編輯]靈地/神仙界
玄圃
瑤池
扶桑
鵲橋
蓬萊
瀛洲
方丈
廣寒宮
天庭
瑯嬛
[編輯]參見
中國占星學
中國宗教
神明列表
易經
首先是希臘神話系譜表:
奧林匹斯山諸神:
烏拉諾斯==該亞
---------------------------------|---------------------------
| | | |
科洛諾斯==瑞亞 科俄斯 == 福柏
---------------------------|------------ |
| | | | | | |
赫斯提 得墨忒耳 哈得斯 波塞冬 宙斯 ==1.赫拉 ==2.勒托
----------------------------| | |
| -------------- |---- ------|-----
| | | | | |
雅典娜 赫柏 阿瑞斯 赫淮斯托斯 阿波羅 阿耳忒彌斯
---------------------------------------
|
伊阿珀托斯
-------------------------|----------------------
| | |
厄庇墨透斯 阿特拉斯 普羅米修斯
| |
==3.狄俄涅 ==4.邁亞 ==5.得墨忒耳 ==6.塞墨勒 ==7.阿爾克墨涅
| | | | |
阿佛洛狄忒 赫耳墨斯 珀耳塞福涅 狄額尼索斯 赫拉克勒斯
海里的神:
烏拉諾斯
+ --|--俄刻阿諾斯--|--伊那科斯
該亞 | |
| |--俄刻阿尼得斯
| |
| |--多里斯
|
|--克洛諾斯
| + --------波塞冬
|-- 瑞亞 + --|--普洛透斯
| 安菲特里特 |
| |--特里同
蓬托斯
+ --|--涅柔斯
該亞 | + ---|--安菲特里特
| 多里斯 |
| |--該拉忒亞
| |
| |--涅瑞伊得斯
| |
| |--忒提斯
| + ---阿喀琉斯
| 珀琉斯
|
|--塔烏瑪斯---|--伊里斯
| |
| | --哈耳皮埃
|
|--福耳庫斯
| + -------|--格賴埃
|-- 刻托 |
|--戈耳工
|
|--塞壬
|
|--斯庫拉
希臘眾神譜系
第一代神靈：天神與地神。
在古希臘里，卡俄斯是原始天神。通過單性繁殖，卡俄斯生有：
該亞，大地女神；
俄瑞波斯，黑暗女神；
尼克斯，黑夜女神；
厄洛斯，愛神。
該亞生下天神烏拉諾斯，海神彭透斯。
烏拉諾斯又與該亞婚配。
黑夜女神尼克斯生有：
坦那托斯，死神；
希普托斯，睡神；
奈米西斯，復仇女神；
厄里斯，不和女神；
凱雷斯，集尸女神；
莫伊萊，命運女神。
黑暗女神俄瑞波斯月黑夜女神婚配后生有：埃特耳，太空神；
赫墨拉，光明神。
烏拉諾斯和該亞婚配后生下十二提坦神。
第二代：十二提坦神。包括6男6女，后來組成6對夫婦。
6個男提坦神：
俄克阿諾斯，河流之神；
科俄斯；
克瑞烏斯；
許佩里翁，早期的太陽神；
伊阿佩托斯，普羅米修斯的父親。
克羅諾斯，最年幼又最勇敢的一個。
6個女提坦神：
提亞，最早的光明之神；
瑞亞；
特彌斯；
摩涅莫緒涅，記憶的化身；
福柏，早期的月亮女神；
特提斯，最早的海洋女神。
由于天神烏拉諾斯貪戀權利，所以把該亞生下的孩子們都扔回母腹內。低母該亞深表不滿，就唆使最小的兒子克羅諾斯用鐮刀閹割了父親，濺飛的精液使該亞再次受孕，生下了：復仇三女神：阿勒克托、提西福涅、墨蓋拉；
巨人族；
白橡樹仙女
提坦眾神獲得了自由，其中的四兄弟和四姐妹結婚子：
提亞和許佩里翁，生下太陽神赫利烏斯、月神塞勒涅、黎明女神厄俄斯。
福柏和科俄斯，聲下女神勒托和阿斯特里亞
俄克阿諾斯和特提斯，生下3000條河流和3000個小海神。
克羅諾斯和瑞亞，生下三個女兒赫斯提亞、得墨特耳和赫拉，三個兒子哈得斯、波塞冬和宙斯。
第三：宙斯奪權。
克羅諾斯比他父親更專橫，每當孩子出生，他就把孩子一口吞掉，到最小的宙斯出生的時候，瑞亞設計騙過丈夫，順利地把宙斯生了下來并送給白橡樹仙女撫養。宙斯長大后，和母親一起用催吐劑讓父親吐出了吞下去的五個兄妹。宙斯又聯合原提坦神中的五位，在獨眼巨人和百手巨人的幫助下，經過十年激戰，推翻了父親的統治，做上了王位。
第四：奧林匹斯山神
在宙斯統治下建立，分別是：
宙斯，萬神之王，司掌天堂，暴風雨、雷鳴和閃電
赫拉，司掌女人、婚姻和生育
波賽冬，海神
得墨特耳，谷物和耕作女神
狄扼尼索斯，酒神，狂歡之神
雅典娜，智慧女神，司掌藝術、發明和武藝
赫淮斯托斯，火神，工藝、煅冶之神
阿佛洛狄忒，愛情女神
阿瑞斯，戰神
阿爾忒彌斯，月亮和狩獵女神
阿波羅，太陽神，司掌音樂、詩歌、藝術、預言、雄辯和醫術
赫耳墨斯，神的使者，司掌旅游、商業和貿易
另外，冥王哈得斯也是最強大的神，但他長住冥界，不算奧林匹斯山神。
第五，神人以及其后代
宙斯與塞墨勒，生下酒神狄俄尼索斯
宙斯與達那厄，生下英雄珀耳修斯
宙斯與阿爾克墨涅，生下英雄赫拉克勒斯
宙斯與勒達，生下阿爾戈英雄波呂丟克斯和絕世美女海倫
宙斯與卡利托斯，生下阿爾咯斯
宙斯與伊俄，生下厄帕福斯，后來成為埃及國王
宙斯與歐羅巴，生下彌諾斯和拉迪曼提斯
宙斯與埃特拉，生下英雄忒修斯
波賽冬與墨杜薩，生下克律薩索斯和雙翼馬佩伽索斯
波賽冬與特俄佛涅，生下金羊。
赫拉與伊克西翁，生下半人半馬
厄俄斯與克法洛斯，生下法厄同
特提斯與佩琉斯，生下英(ying)雄(xiong)阿咯琉斯
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