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馬尾造船廠建立

歷(li)史典故(gu) 2023-12-29 13:30:11

在154年(nian)前的今(jin)天,1866年(nian)12月23日,馬(ma)尾船廠建立。

馬尾造船廠建立

馬尾造船廠

馬(ma)尾造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)廠(chang)建(jian)于1866年(nian)(nian)12月23日,是我(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)晚(wan)清洋(yang)務運(yun)動(dong)產生的(de)第(di)(di)1家機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)器造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)廠(chang),時任總理(li)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)政大(da)臣的(de)沈葆楨,力(li)排阻力(li),改革(ge)舊(jiu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),大(da)膽引(yin)進歐洲先(xian)進的(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)、裝備和工(gong)程技(ji)(ji)術(shu)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),聘(pin)請法國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)日意格為(wei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)政正(zheng)監督,任用洋(yang)人(ren)(ren)傳授造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)技(ji)(ji)藝(yi)。 1869年(nian)(nian),造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)第(di)(di)1艘千噸(dun)級(ji)輪船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan),1871年(nian)(nian),誕(dan)生了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)第(di)(di)1臺蒸汽機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji);1882年(nian)(nian),制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)最大(da)噸(dun)位鐵肋木殼(ke)(ke)兵船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan);1889年(nian)(nian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)出(chu)(chu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)第(di)(di)1艘鋼(gang)殼(ke)(ke)網甲軍艦(jian)(jian)。從建(jian)廠(chang)至1907年(nian)(nian),馬(ma)尾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)政經(jing)歷(li)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)從跟洋(yang)人(ren)(ren)學造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)木殼(ke)(ke)蒸汽兵輪到1875年(nian)(nian)解雇(gu)外籍技(ji)(ji)師,自行設(she)計(ji)建(jian)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)艦(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan),實現了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)自主建(jian)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)木殼(ke)(ke)鐵木合(he)構鋼(gang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)艦(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的(de)質的(de)轉變,共制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)出(chu)(chu)大(da)小船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)40余(yu)艘,成(cheng)為(wei)當時我(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)范圍(wei)最大(da),造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)最多的(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)廠(chang),也是當時遠東地(di)(di)區范圍(wei)最大(da)的(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)基地(di)(di)。辛(xin)亥革(ge)命(ming)后(hou),馬(ma)尾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)政改成(cheng)福(fu)(fu)州(zhou)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)政局,又(you)創設(she)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)飛(fei)(fei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)工(gong)程處。畢業(ye)于美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)麻省理(li)工(gong)學院(yuan)航空(kong)工(gong)程系的(de)巴玉藻、王助、曾詒經(jing)等中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)年(nian)(nian)輕科技(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),經(jing)1年(nian)(nian)多努力(li),于1919年(nian)(nian)8月,制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)功了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)第(di)(di)1架甲型1號雙(shuang)翼水(shui)上飛(fei)(fei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(1910年(nian)(nian)法國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)費勃(bo)成(cheng)功地(di)(di)解決了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)水(shui)上飛(fei)(fei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)起降(jiang)問題,制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)世界上第(di)(di)1架水(shui)上飛(fei)(fei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。) ,爾后(hou)又(you)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)雙(shuang)座教練機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、海(hai)岸巡查機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、魚(yu)雷轟炸機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等17架飛(fei)(fei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),并(bing)培養了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)自己(ji)的(de)飛(fei)(fei)行員(yuan)(yuan)。這(zhe)使福(fu)(fu)州(zhou)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)政不但(dan)是艦(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的(de)發源(yuan)地(di)(di),還成(cheng)為(wei)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)航空(kong)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)搖籃。

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