我們(men)在(zai)(zai)使用(yong)藥物的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候都(dou)可(ke)以(yi)看(kan)(kan)到說(shuo)明書上會明確地寫著一(yi)些注(zhu)意(yi)事(shi)項(xiang),這(zhe)(zhe)些注(zhu)意(yi)事(shi)項(xiang)很有(you)可(ke)能不會受到大家(jia)的(de)(de)關注(zhu),但是(shi)在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)里我想說(shuo)的(de)(de)是(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)些注(zhu)意(yi)事(shi)項(xiang)看(kan)(kan)似不起眼(yan),但是(shi)在(zai)(zai)關鍵的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候也是(shi)可(ke)以(yi)發(fa)揮一(yi)些重(zhong)要的(de)(de)作用(yong)的(de)(de)。很多人平時(shi)(shi)對(dui)于一(yi)些小細節根本(ben)不會多加留意(yi),但是(shi)有(you)許多的(de)(de)例子都(dou)在(zai)(zai)告誡我們(men)細節決(jue)定成敗這(zhe)(zhe)個道理。希望大家(jia)在(zai)(zai)出(chu)現手部凍瘡的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候可(ke)以(yi)將下列(lie)的(de)(de)一(yi)些注(zhu)意(yi)事(shi)項(xiang)記(ji)在(zai)(zai)心里,并(bing)且在(zai)(zai)實(shi)踐之中切實(shi)地去做,不要不在(zai)(zai)意(yi),否則的(de)(de)話出(chu)現了任何不利的(de)(de)后果都(dou)是(shi)我們(men)不想看(kan)(kan)到的(de)(de)。
1、注(zhu)意(yi)事項之一(yi)不要隨意(yi)地進(jin)行抓撓,我們(men)應該盡量地避(bi)免(mian)外界的細(xi)菌的入侵,凍(dong)瘡區域的皮膚是(shi)非常(chang)不堪一(yi)擊的,這也(ye)給病菌一(yi)個可(ke)(ke)乘之機,如果(guo)我們(men)不注(zhu)意(yi)好(hao)(hao)衛生狀況的話(hua),那么引發感染是(shi)非常(chang)有可(ke)(ke)能出現的結果(guo),這并不是(shi)我在夸(kua)大其(qi)詞,而是(shi)病菌的繁殖速度(du)是(shi)超(chao)乎(hu)大家的想象(xiang)的,我們(men)最好(hao)(hao)不要直接(jie)(jie)用(yong)手接(jie)(jie)觸凍(dong)瘡,最好(hao)(hao)可(ke)(ke)以準備(bei)好(hao)(hao)一(yi)個專門(men)用(yong)來擦藥的手套。
2、注(zhu)意事項之二我們(men)要避免直接(jie)接(jie)觸溫度過(guo)高的(de)物體(ti),很多時候因(yin)為(wei)不知道(dao)如何處理凍(dong)(dong)瘡,而不小(xiao)心讓出現(xian)凍(dong)(dong)瘡的(de)區域接(jie)觸到了溫度過(guo)高的(de)物體(ti),這(zhe)樣會(hui)容易(yi)導(dao)致出現(xian)瘙(sao)癢的(de)狀況(kuang),這(zhe)對(dui)于我們(men)來說是(shi)非常(chang)要命的(de),雖然非常(chang)的(de)癢,但是(shi)我們(men)也不能去直接(jie)解(jie)決(jue)問題,這(zhe)樣是(shi)非常(chang)受折磨(mo)的(de)。
凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)嚴(yan)寒(han)季(ji)節(jie),一(yi)般在(zai)氣溫(wen)5℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下發(fa)(fa)生(sheng),至春(chun)季(ji)氣候轉暖后(hou)(hou)(hou)自(zi)愈,但入(ru)(ru)冬(dong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)又易(yi)(yi)(yi)再發(fa)(fa)。許(xu)多(duo)人一(yi)旦患(huan)(huan)(huan)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)后(hou)(hou)(hou),每年一(yi)到(dao)冬(dong)季(ji)就復發(fa)(fa)。凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)幼(you)兒(er)、小學生(sheng)最(zui)(zui)(zui)多(duo)見。手足(zu)(zu)、耳廓(kuo)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)位最(zui)(zui)(zui)易(yi)(yi)(yi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。癥(zheng)見局(ju)(ju)(ju)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)皮膚發(fa)(fa)涼(liang),出(chu)(chu)現(xian)暗紫(zi)紅(hong)(hong)色或(huo)紫(zi)藍色斑(ban)片,按(an)之(zhi)柔(rou)軟。嚴(yan)重時(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)皰,破裂(lie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)形成(cheng)糜爛(lan)或(huo)潰(kui)瘍(yang)(yang)(yang)。遇熱(re)后(hou)(hou)(hou)自(zi)覺癢、灼熱(re)感及(ji)(ji)疼痛。遷延不(bu)愈者(zhe)有(you)硬結。重凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)可(ke)(ke)遺留疤(ba)痕,對(dui)冷過(guo)(guo)(guo)敏凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)機理尚(shang)不(bu)十(shi)分清楚,可(ke)(ke)能(neng)與(yu)皮膚血(xue)管(guan)對(dui)寒(han)冷過(guo)(guo)(guo)敏有(you)關(guan),也可(ke)(ke)能(neng)與(yu)植物(wu)(wu)神經(jing)功能(neng)紊亂及(ji)(ji)遺傳因素(su)有(you)關(guan)。經(jing)常(chang)(chang)接觸冷水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人易(yi)(yi)(yi)患(huan)(huan)(huan)本(ben)病(bing)(bing)。長(chang)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)生(sheng)活在(zai)我國(guo)(guo)南北方(fang)(fang)(fang)某些沿海(hai)(hai)或(huo)寒(han)冷潮(chao)濕環(huan)境中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人易(yi)(yi)(yi)患(huan)(huan)(huan)本(ben)病(bing)(bing)。 潮(chao)濕可(ke)(ke)加(jia)速體(ti)表散熱(re),故冬(dong)季(ji)濕度(du)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地區,凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)率較高。此外(wai)(wai),植物(wu)(wu)神經(jing)功能(neng)紊亂、肢端血(xue)循環(huan)不(bu)良、手足(zu)(zu)多(duo)汗(han)、缺乏運動、營養不(bu)良、貧血(xue)及(ji)(ji)一(yi)些慢(man)性(xing)病(bing)(bing)常(chang)(chang)為凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)誘因。 預(yu)防(fang)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)主(zhu)要(yao)是注(zhu)意保(bao)暖、保(bao)持(chi)干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao)、鞋(xie)襪(wa)(wa)不(bu)宜過(guo)(guo)(guo)緊(jin),受凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)位不(bu)宜立即(ji)烘烤及(ji)(ji)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)浸泡(pao)(pao)(pao)。易(yi)(yi)(yi)受凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)位可(ke)(ke)搽凡士(shi)林或(huo)其(qi)他油(you)脂(zhi)類(lei),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)護皮膚。未破潰(kui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)促進血(xue)液(ye)循環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)物(wu)(wu),如(ru)10%樟腦醑或(huo)辣椒酊局(ju)(ju)(ju)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)揉擦。民間(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)辣椒煎(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)局(ju)(ju)(ju)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)燙洗,有(you)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)效果(guo)(guo)。已成(cheng)潰(kui)瘍(yang)(yang)(yang)時(shi)(shi)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)5%硼酸(suan)(suan)軟膏(gao)(gao)、紅(hong)(hong)霉(mei)毒軟膏(gao)(gao)或(huo)豬(zhu)油(you)蜂(feng)蜜(mi)軟膏(gao)(gao)(豬(zhu)油(you)30%蜂(feng)蜜(mi)70%)等(deng)涂搽并(bing)(bing)包扎。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)內(nei)服末(mo)梢血(xue)管(guan)擴張劑如(ru)煙(yan)酸(suan)(suan)。中(zhong)醫治(zhi)則(ze)為溫(wen)經(jing)、通絡、活血(xue)化瘀,方(fang)(fang)(fang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)當歸(gui)四(si)逆湯或(huo)陽和湯加(jia)減。 凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)治(zhi)愈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵是擺脫濕冷環(huan)境和溫(wen)冷作業,保(bao)持(chi)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)局(ju)(ju)(ju)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)溫(wen)暖和干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao),否則(ze)易(yi)(yi)(yi)復發(fa)(fa)。較好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)治(zhi)療(liao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法有(you): (1)堅持(chi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)40℃水(shui)(shui)(shui)溫(wen)浸患(huan)(huan)(huan)處(chu)(chu)。 (2)硫酸(suan)(suan)新霉(mei)素(su)霜(shuang)劑或(huo)呋喃西林霜(shuang)劑外(wai)(wai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),有(you)效率達85~95%。 預(yu)防(fang)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)復發(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)措(cuo)施(shi)有(you): (1)作好居(ju)室(shi)防(fang)寒(han)、保(bao)暖和防(fang)潮(chao)濕,室(shi)內(nei)溫(wen)度(du)最(zui)(zui)(zui)好能(neng)保(bao)持(chi)15℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上,相對(dui)濕度(du)50%左右(you)。 (2)保(bao)持(chi)鞋(xie)襪(wa)(wa)、鞋(xie)墊、手套干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao)。汗(han)腳者(zhe)不(bu)宜穿膠(jiao)鞋(xie),并(bing)(bing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)止腳汗(han)粉。 凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)注(zhu)意事項及(ji)(ji)防(fang)治(zhi)驗(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang): 對(dui)于(yu)(yu)此病(bing)(bing)要(yao)防(fang)患(huan)(huan)(huan)于(yu)(yu)未然,應(ying)經(jing)常(chang)(chang)鍛煉身(shen)體(ti),提高機體(ti)對(dui)寒(han)冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適應(ying)性(xing)。并(bing)(bing)注(zhu)意全身(shen)及(ji)(ji)局(ju)(ju)(ju)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)保(bao)暖,盡早戴手套,鞋(xie)襪(wa)(wa)要(yao)溫(wen)暖寬(kuan)松,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)持(chi)手足(zu)(zu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao)。食(shi)物(wu)(wu)要(yao)有(you)充足(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脂(zhi)肪、蛋白質和維生(sheng)素(su),保(bao)證身(shen)體(ti)有(you)足(zu)(zu)夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量。平時(shi)(shi)應(ying)經(jing)常(chang)(chang)自(zi)己按(an)摩手足(zu)(zu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)耳廓(kuo),促進手足(zu)(zu)血(xue)液(ye)循環(huan),每年復發(fa)(fa)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)患(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)可(ke)(ke)在(zai)入(ru)(ru)冬(dong)前用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)紫(zi)外(wai)(wai)線(xian)照射以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)往患(huan)(huan)(huan)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)位以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)到(dao)預(yu)防(fang)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。患(huan)(huan)(huan)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou),宜及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)盡早地治(zhi)療(liao)。市售(shou)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)膏(gao)(gao)、貂油(you)防(fang)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)治(zhi)裂(lie)膏(gao)(gao)都有(you)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)療(liao)效。另(ling)外(wai)(wai),我國(guo)(guo)人民在(zai)長(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活實踐中(zhong),對(dui)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)治(zhi)療(liao)積累了豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗(yan),創立了許(xu)多(duo)治(zhi)療(liao)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良方(fang)(fang)(fang),現(xian)介紹驗(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)如(ru)下: (1)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)蜂(feng)蜜(mi)或(huo)植物(wu)(wu)油(you)調(diao)攔(lan)燒(shao)焦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柿(shi)子皮外(wai)(wai)敷。 (2)茄根、大(da)蔥、辣椒煎(jian)(jian)(jian)液(ye)熏(xun)洗患(huan)(huan)(huan)處(chu)(chu)。 (3)桂(gui)(gui)(gui)枝(zhi)(zhi)50克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、紫(zi)蘇50克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)煎(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)浸泡(pao)(pao)(pao)。 (4)新鮮桔皮3~4個,生(sheng)姜(jiang)300克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)加(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)2千(qian)(qian)毫(hao)(hao)(hao)升,煎(jian)(jian)(jian)煮30分鐘(zhong),連渣取(qu)出(chu)(chu),浸泡(pao)(pao)(pao)并(bing)(bing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)渣蓋過(guo)(guo)(guo)患(huan)(huan)(huan)外(wai)(wai)。 (5)取(qu)夾竹桃葉(xie)50克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)加(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)500毫(hao)(hao)(hao)升,煎(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)浸泡(pao)(pao)(pao)患(huan)(huan)(huan)處(chu)(chu),注(zhu)意有(you)潰(kui)瘍(yang)(yang)(yang)時(shi)(shi)禁用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)此方(fang)(fang)(fang)。 (6)山楂去核搗爛(lan),敷于(yu)(yu)患(huan)(huan)(huan)處(chu)(chu),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)紗(sha)布包扎3天,對(dui)于(yu)(yu)復發(fa)(fa)性(xing)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)有(you)很(hen)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)療(liao)效,注(zhu)意有(you)潰(kui)瘍(yang)(yang)(yang)時(shi)(shi)禁用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。 (7)桂(gui)(gui)(gui)附煎(jian)(jian)(jian):桂(gui)(gui)(gui)枝(zhi)(zhi)20克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),紅(hong)(hong)花(hua)20克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、附子20克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、荊芥20克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、紫(zi)蘇葉(xie)20克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),加(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)3千(qian)(qian)毫(hao)(hao)(hao)升煎(jian)(jian)(jian)液(ye)浸泡(pao)(pao)(pao)患(huan)(huan)(huan)處(chu)(chu),并(bing)(bing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)渣揉搓(cuo)患(huan)(huan)(huan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。 (8)甘(gan)遂、甘(gan)草各9克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、加(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)2千(qian)(qian)毫(hao)(hao)(hao)升,煎(jian)(jian)(jian)液(ye)熏(xun)洗患(huan)(huan)(huan)處(chu)(chu)。 (9)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)老絲瓜(gua)燒(shao)成(cheng)炭研為細末(mo),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)豬(zhu)油(you)調(diao)勻(yun)后(hou)(hou)(hou)涂患(huan)(huan)(huan)處(chu)(chu)。 (10)紅(hong)(hong)靈酒:當歸(gui)60克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、紅(hong)(hong)花(hua)30克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、川(chuan)(chuan)椒30克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),樟腦15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、肉桂(gui)(gui)(gui)60克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),細辛(xin)15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、干(gan)(gan)(gan)姜(jiang)30克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),加(jia)95%酒精100毫(hao)(hao)(hao)升,浸泡(pao)(pao)(pao)7天后(hou)(hou)(hou),外(wai)(wai)涂患(huan)(huan)(huan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。 (11)二烏茴(hui)香酒:川(chuan)(chuan)烏30克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、草烏30克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、小茴(hui)香30克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、樟腦30克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、紅(hong)(hong)花(hua)20克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、桂(gui)(gui)(gui)枝(zhi)(zhi)15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),酒精浸泡(pao)(pao)(pao)一(yi)周,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)酒揉搓(cuo)局(ju)(ju)(ju)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。 (12)紫(zi)云膏(gao)(gao):紫(zi)草30克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、當歸(gui)30克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、胡麻(ma)油(you)1千(qian)(qian)毫(hao)(hao)(hao)升,黃(huang)蠟250克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),共(gong)制(zhi)為膏(gao)(gao),外(wai)(wai)敷凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)引(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潰(kui)瘍(yang)(yang)(yang)面(mian)。 (13)樟腦25克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、海(hai)(hai)螵蛸10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、凡士(shi)林150克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)調(diao)成(cheng)膏(gao)(gao)狀,外(wai)(wai)敷潰(kui)瘍(yang)(yang)(yang)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)面(mian)。對(dui)于(yu)(yu)頑(wan)固型凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)可(ke)(ke)配合(he)內(nei)服中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)治(zhi)療(liao),處(chu)(chu)方(fang)(fang)(fang):黨參9克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、黃(huang)芪15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、附子6克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(先煎(jian)(jian)(jian))桂(gui)(gui)(gui)枝(zhi)(zhi)9克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、當歸(gui)9克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、丹參9克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、陳皮6克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、患(huan)(huan)(huan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)寒(han)涼(liang)顯著者(zhe)加(jia)干(gan)(gan)(gan)姜(jiang)6克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),炙(zhi)甘(gan)草6克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke);血(xue)瘀證顯著者(zhe)加(jia)桃仁(ren)紅(hong)(hong)花(hua)各9克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。 (14)甘(gan)草芫花(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui):甘(gan)草、芫花(hua)各15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke);制(zhi)作方(fang)(fang)(fang)法:上藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)1000毫(hao)(hao)(hao)升,煎(jian)(jian)(jian)數沸,取(qu)汁;用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法:末(mo)潰(kui)者(zhe)趁(chen)熱(re)洗潰(kui) ,已潰(kui)者(zhe)于(yu)(yu)洗后(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)黃(huang)連水(shui)(shui)(shui)紗(sha)條換藥(yao)(yao);功效:消腫(zhong)止痛、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)瘡(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang),對(dui)Ⅰ~Ⅱ度(du)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)傷效果(guo)(guo)亦佳。
凍瘡是冬天極為常見的皮膚病。是由于冬季氣候寒冷,外露的皮膚受到冷凍的刺激,時間一長,皮下小動脈發生痙攣收縮。產生血液瘀滯,使局部組織缺氧,導致組織細胞受到損害。
損害初為局限性蠶豆或指蓋大小紫紅色腫塊或硬結,邊緣鮮紅,中央青紫,對稱性好發于四肢遠端,以手背及手指伸側、足緣及足趾伸側、下肢、面頰、耳廓等處多見。自覺局部有脹痛感,瘙癢,遇熱后更甚,潰爛后疼痛。
遭受寒冷侵襲,受凍皮膚出現蒼白、紅腫、紫斑、灼癢、麻木、皮膚水皰、潰爛。這些癥狀可延續1-2個月直至天氣轉暖方痊愈,一些患者來年冬天會在原部位再度復發。中醫認為,凍瘡是由于暴露部位御寒不夠、寒邪侵犯、氣血運行凝滯引起。此外,還與患者體質較差不耐寒冷及少動久坐、過度勞累等因素有關。潮濕可以加速體表散熱,故手足多汗者也容易發生凍瘡。
自療注意事項
(1) 積極參加體育活動,加速氣血運行,以利瘡面修復。也可預防凍瘡新發。
(2) 寒冷季節注意防寒保暖。
(3) 衣服鞋襪宜寬松干燥。
(4) 年年復發者,可在夏季開始逐步養成冷水洗臉、洗足、擦身、洗澡習慣,以提高耐寒能力。
(5) 冬季怕冷者可多吃些熱性祛寒食品,如羊肉、狗肉、鹿肉、胡椒、生姜、肉桂。
(6) 每年發病者,可冬病夏治。在伏天進行幾次外擦藥物自療有條件的加做紅外線理療則效果更佳。入冬前宜提早內外治療。
自治療法
1、 驗方自療法
(1) 桂枝6克、白芍12克、當歸10克、生姜3片、紅棗10克、灸甘草5克、分2次煎服,每日1帖。
(2) 當歸10克、桂枝10克、白芍10克、細辛3克、甘草5克、木通6克、吳茱萸3克、生姜9克,分2次煎服,每日1帖。
(3) 紫皮蒜適量,入冬前將蒜搗爛,擦在常患凍瘡處,每日1次,連擦5-7天,如皮膚起泡,可暫停用。本方適用于凍瘡的預防。
(4) 生姜25克、白蘿卜1個、白附子0.5克、桂枝25克。上藥一同水煎,趁熱洗過,連洗2天,即可痊愈,以上為`1天的量,早晚各1次。本方適用于凍瘡未潰時的治療。
(5) 生姜的自然汁,熬膏涂之。此法對于手、足凍瘡均治。此外,用生姜汁時時漱吐,還可治療口瘡。
2、 飲食自療方
(1) 羊肉500克、花椒3克、生姜15克、當歸30克、煮食。
(2) 生姜、當歸、紅花、川芎各10克,同浸于500毫升白酒中,一周后即可服用,每次飲酒10毫升,每日2-3次。
(3) 山楂15克、當歸15克、紅棗10克、煮食。
3、 外治自療法
(1) 傷濕止痛膏、紫歸治裂膏外貼患處。
(2) 皮硝煎水外洗患處。
(3) 紅霜茄子秸連根拔起洗凈。煎湯泡洗患處約半小時左右,每日2次。
(4) 姜汁或辣椒水外擦患處。
(5) 胡椒10克、浸入100毫升95%的酒精中,1周后外擦患處。
(6) 仙人掌,去刺搗爛外敷患處,3天后更換。以上療法適合未潰者。
(7) 云南白藥撒于凍瘡潰爛處并包扎。
(8) 螳螂子(即桑螵蛸)切開,取其中黃汁涂破潰處,每日1次。
(9) 用馬勃一塊外敷潰處,每日更換。
4、 夏季伏天外治自療法
(1) 大蒜頭搗爛涂擦老疤處,每日1次,連續1周。
(2) 鮮芝麻葉搗爛涂擦易患處,1小時后洗凈,每日多次。
避免誤診
受凍后,不宜用熱水溫暖,或用火烘烤,否則凍處會潰爛。
受凍后皮膚瘙搔,不能用手抓搔,否則易使表皮破爛感染。
按摩方法一
1.常用手法
(1)以揉法、摩法、擦法等在患處的局部進行操作,時間為5~10分鐘。要輕快柔和,切忌生硬粗暴。
(2)如果局部發生了水皰或潰瘍,在操作時要避開局部,先在其四周操作,待局部潰瘍愈合、血脈流通后,再在局部進行操作。
(3)患兒仰臥,家長以掌心對準關元穴,逆時針摩動2~5分鐘,以溫陽散寒。
2.隨證加減
(1)耳部凍瘡者加
①按揉外關、翳風穴各1分鐘。
②家長以雙手的大拇指和食指,相對用力搓擦患兒的耳部,時間為2~5分鐘。
(2)鼻尖處發生凍瘡者加
①按揉迎香穴1分鐘。
②拿合谷1分鐘。
③家長以大拇指指腹輕擦鼻部,以透熱為度。
(3)面部發生凍瘡者加
①按揉合谷穴2分鐘。
②按揉下關、牙關頰車等穴各20次。
③家長以大魚際輕擦面部,以透熱為度。
(4)手部發生凍瘡者加
①按揉曲池、合谷穴各1分鐘。
②家長以大拇指指腹按壓患側的缺盆穴處、約1分鐘,然后慢慢松手,患兒自覺有熱流向手部傳導。
③以兩手掌相對,橫搓上肢1~3分鐘。
(5)足部發生凍瘡者加
①按揉足三里穴1分鐘。
②家長以單掌搓擦患兒患側的足底,以局部發熱為度。
③患兒(er)側(ce)(ce)(ce)臥位,兩腿(tui)前(qian)后(hou)分開(kai),患側(ce)(ce)(ce)在下面,然(ran)后(hou),家長以(yi)掌根(gen)按壓屈、肢的(de)大腿(tui)內(nei)側(ce)(ce)(ce)面,持續按壓1分鐘,然(ran)后(hou),慢(man)慢(man)松開(kai)手,患兒(er)自覺有股熱流沖(chong)向足部,用同樣的(de)方法操作另一側(ce)(ce)(ce)。
冬天是(shi)凍瘡高(gao)發季(ji)節,手得(de)了(le)凍瘡,又痛又癢,以下(xia)是(shi)我分享(xiang)的四種解決(jue)方法來(lai)緩解手長凍瘡的痛癢,希(xi)望對(dui)您有(you)幫(bang)助。
一、使用保濕霜
手長凍瘡的(de)主要原因是(shi)皮(pi)膚干燥,所以(yi)使(shi)用保(bao)(bao)濕(shi)霜是(shi)緩解手長凍瘡的(de)一種有效(xiao)方法。保(bao)(bao)濕(shi)霜可以(yi)幫(bang)助皮(pi)膚保(bao)(bao)持(chi)濕(shi)潤,減少痛癢感。建議選擇含有天然成分的(de)保(bao)(bao)濕(shi)霜,如(ru)蘆薈、蜂蜜等。
使用保(bao)濕(shi)霜的方法:
1、洗(xi)凈(jing)雙手并(bing)擦干,將適量(liang)的保濕霜(shuang)涂在雙手上,輕輕按摩至(zhi)吸(xi)收為止(zhi)。
2、建議每天使(shi)用兩到(dao)三次,特別是在洗手后使(shi)用。
二、熱敷
使用熱敷(fu)可以緩解手長凍瘡的痛癢感。將毛巾浸泡(pao)在溫水中(zhong),然(ran)后擰干(gan),放(fang)在凍瘡處。持(chi)續5-10分鐘,可以幫(bang)助促進(jin)血液循環,緩解疼(teng)痛和癢感。
使用熱敷的方法:
1、準備(bei)一條毛(mao)巾和一盆溫水,將(jiang)毛(mao)巾浸泡(pao)在溫水中,擰干(gan)。
2、將毛巾放(fang)在雙手上,輕輕按摩,持續5-10分鐘。
3、可(ke)以(yi)重復使(shi)用(yong)多次,每次間隔5-10分鐘。
三、飲食調節
飲(yin)食中(zhong)的(de)營養成分對皮膚健(jian)康有一定的(de)影響。建(jian)議(yi)多吃富含(han)維生(sheng)素(su)C、E、鋅等(deng)(deng)元素(su)的(de)食物,如橙子、蘋(pin)果、杏仁等(deng)(deng)。這些(xie)食物有助于提(ti)高免疫(yi)力,促進皮膚的(de)修(xiu)復和再生(sheng),減少食用辛辣(la)、油膩等(deng)(deng)刺激性食物,以(yi)免加重癥狀。
四、使用凍瘡膏
如果(guo)手長凍(dong)瘡癥狀嚴重,建議使用(yong)凍(dong)瘡膏(gao)來緩解癥狀。藥膏(gao)可以減少炎癥和痛癢感。還可以去醫院(yuan)看(kan)一(yi)下,選擇醫生推薦的藥膏(gao),按照(zhao)說明使用(yong)。
總之,手長凍(dong)瘡(chuang)是一種常(chang)見(jian)的皮膚(fu)疾(ji)病,但是可(ke)以(yi)通過(guo)以(yi)上的方法緩解痛(tong)癢感。在日(ri)常(chang)生(sheng)活中,要注(zhu)意保持手部的干燥(zao)和保濕(shi),多吃富含(han)營養的食(shi)物,可(ke)以(yi)有(you)效預(yu)防(fang)手長凍(dong)瘡(chuang)的發生(sheng)。如果癥狀嚴重(zhong),建議(yi)及時就醫。
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