凡以辛散(san)祛風或熄風止痙藥為主組成,具有疏散(san)外風或平熄內(nei)風作用,以治(zhi)療風病的方劑,統稱(cheng)治(zhi)風劑。
風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)病(bing)的(de)(de)范圍很廣,病(bing)情也比(bi)較(jiao)復雜,但根據其(qi)成因,概(gai)括起來(lai),可(ke)分為(wei)(wei)外(wai)(wai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)和內(nei)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)兩大類(lei)。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)從(cong)(cong)外(wai)(wai)來(lai)者,名(ming)外(wai)(wai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),是指(zhi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邪外(wai)(wai)襲,侵入人體(ti),留著于肌(ji)表(biao)、經絡、肌(ji)肉、筋骨、關節等(deng)所致(zhi)的(de)(de)病(bing)證。其(qi)他如皮肉破傷(shang),風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)毒之(zhi)邪從(cong)(cong)傷(shang)處侵入人體(ti)所致(zhi)的(de)(de)破傷(shang)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),亦屬外(wai)(wai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)范圍。其(qi)主要表(biao)現為(wei)(wei)頭痛,惡(e)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),肌(ji)膚瘙(sao)癢(yang),肢體(ti)麻木,筋骨攣痛,關節屈伸不利,或(huo)口眼歪斜,甚則角(jiao)弓反張等(deng)。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)從(cong)(cong)內(nei)生者,名(ming)內(nei)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),是由臟腑功能(neng)失(shi)調所致(zhi)的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)病(bing),如熱極生風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),肝陽化風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),陰虛(xu)(xu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)動以及血虛(xu)(xu)生風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)等(deng)。常表(biao)現為(wei)(wei)眩暈,震(zhen)顫(zhan),四肢抽搐,口眼歪斜,語言蹇澀,半身不遂(sui),甚或(huo)突然昏倒,不省人事等(deng)。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)病(bing)的(de)(de)治(zhi)法,外(wai)(wai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)宜(yi)(yi)疏(shu)散,內(nei)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)宜(yi)(yi)平熄。因此,治(zhi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)劑分為(wei)(wei)疏(shu)散外(wai)(wai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)和平熄內(nei)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)兩類(lei)。
治(zhi)風(feng)(feng)劑的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)用(yong),首先應(ying)(ying)辨清風(feng)(feng)病之(zhi)屬(shu)內(nei)、屬(shu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai),外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)風(feng)(feng)治(zhi)宜疏(shu)散,而(er)不宜平熄(xi);內(nei)風(feng)(feng)只宜平熄(xi),而(er)忌用(yong)疏(shu)散。但外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)風(feng)(feng)與(yu)內(nei)風(feng)(feng)之(zhi)間(jian),亦可相互影響,外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)風(feng)(feng)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)引(yin)動內(nei)風(feng)(feng),內(nei)風(feng)(feng)亦可兼感外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)風(feng)(feng),對這種錯綜復雜的(de)(de)(de)癥候,應(ying)(ying)分(fen)(fen)清主(zhu)次(ci),或(huo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)疏(shu)散為主(zhu),兼以(yi)(yi)(yi)平熄(xi);或(huo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)平熄(xi)為主(zhu),兼以(yi)(yi)(yi)疏(shu)散。其(qi)次(ci),宜分(fen)(fen)清病邪的(de)(de)(de)兼夾以(yi)(yi)(yi)及病情的(de)(de)(de)虛實(shi),進行相應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)配伍,如兼寒、兼熱、兼濕(shi),或(huo)夾痰、夾瘀等,則(ze)應(ying)(ying)與(yu)散寒、清熱、祛(qu)濕(shi)、化痰以(yi)(yi)(yi)及活血化瘀等法配合運(yun)用(yong),以(yi)(yi)(yi)切合具體的(de)(de)(de)病情。
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