文化(hua)是民族(zu)的(de)(de)血(xue)脈(mo),是人(ren)(ren)民的(de)(de)精(jing)神家(jia)園。中(zhong)華(hua)優秀傳(chuan)統(tong)文化(hua)從中(zhong)華(hua)民族(zu)五(wu)千(qian)年文明(ming)發展(zhan)孕育而來(lai),是中(zhong)華(hua)民族(zu)持續發展(zhan)的(de)(de)不竭(jie)動力和豐(feng)厚滋養,也是中(zhong)國(guo)特色社會主義所植根的(de)(de)文化(hua)沃土(tu)。一(yi)百多(duo)年來(lai),西學東漸,泥沙(sha)俱下,有(you)些人(ren)(ren)完全將先賢(xian)留給我們優秀的(de)(de)中(zhong)華(hua)文明(ming)廢掉了(le),很多(duo)人(ren)(ren)以用洋貨、取(qu)洋名(ming)為榮。殊不知,每一(yi)種漢族(zu)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi)都(dou)有(you)其獨特的(de)(de)、豐(feng)富的(de)(de)文化(hua)內涵。姓(xing)(xing)(xing)名(ming)是一(yi)個(ge)家(jia)族(zu)血(xue)緣關系的(de)(de)標(biao)志和符號。姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi)最早起(qi)源于部(bu)落的(de)(de)名(ming)稱(cheng)或部(bu)落首領的(de)(de)名(ming)字。姓(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)般不會更(geng)改,而氏(shi)則(ze)隨(sui)著(zhu)封邑、官職的(de)(de)改變(bian)而改變(bian)。姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi)與人(ren)(ren)名(ming)一(yi)起(qi)構成了(le)一(yi)個(ge)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)名(ming),姓(xing)(xing)(xing)名(ming)是中(zhong)華(hua)民族(zu)的(de)(de)血(xue)脈(mo)。今天聊聊關姓(xing)(xing)(xing)。
關,從門,門內有閂,本義是門閂,引申為“閉合”“關口”“涉及”等意思。關姓,中國姓氏之一。主要分布于河南、甘肅、山東、江蘇等省,尤以河南省為多,約占全國關姓的41%。關姓始祖是關龍逄(páng),關尹喜等。
關龍逄(páng)(約前1713年—約前1620年),生于夏廑19年,卒于夏桀32年,中國歷史上第一位名相,因為進諫忠言而被夏傑炮烙之刑致死,享年93歲。關龍逄是發、桀兩代夏王的相,因功受封于黃河北邑,史稱其地為“關邑”。“關邑”就是今河北省的欒城市。關龍逄的祖先是為夏朝飼養牲畜的牧正,為古豢龍氏的后代。豢龍氏是以龍為圖騰的氏族,出自遠古帝舜時期養龍高手董父,與夏后氏同出一脈,都是黃帝的(de)(de)直系后裔。夏王姒發重(zhong)(zhong)用關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)龍逄為(wei)相,關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)龍逄把夏王朝治理的(de)(de)井井有(you)條,使夏王朝重(zhong)(zhong)新回(hui)到了眾(zhong)方國的(de)(de)權(quan)力中(zhong)心。發臨死前,遺命關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)龍逄輔佐自己的(de)(de)兒(er)子桀(jie)。桀(jie)繼位后,桀(jie)荒淫無度,關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)龍逄經過(guo)慎重(zhong)(zhong)考(kao)慮(lv)后,決定獻黃(huang)圖,進行(xing)死諫。黃(huang)圖,是(shi)一種關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)于(yu)地輿、陵(ling)廟、宮觀、明堂等事的(de)(de)圖畫,代表社稷(ji)江山。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)龍逄借此說明夏桀(jie)不改正現狀就(jiu)要亡(wang)國了。夏桀(jie)非常震怒,認為(wei)碰到了喪門星,就(jiu)用炮烙之刑殺害(hai)了關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)龍逄。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)龍逄的(de)(de)墓俗稱(cheng)(cheng)“相國墓”,在長(chang)垣縣城東南(nan)10公(gong)(gong)(gong)里處的(de)(de)龍相村。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)氏是(shi)個備受敬仰的(de)(de)姓氏。其中(zhong)最為(wei)出類拔萃的(de)(de)一位就(jiu)是(shi)解州關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)帝(di)(di)爺關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)羽。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)儒(ru)家稱(cheng)(cheng)武圣(sheng),道教(jiao)稱(cheng)(cheng)蕩魔天尊(zun),佛(fo)教(jiao)稱(cheng)(cheng)伽藍。被(bei)儒(ru)釋道三家高度認可。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)一生(sheng)的(de)(de)“忠、義(yi)、仁、勇、義(yi)、禮(li)、智、信(xin)(xin)”,是(shi)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)文(wen)化的(de)(de)精髓,也是(shi)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)精神的(de)(de)核心。在近兩(liang)千年的(de)(de)歷史(shi)進程中(zhong)逐步形成博大(da)精深的(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)信(xin)(xin)俗和關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)文(wen)化是(shi)中(zhong)國文(wen)化的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要組(zu)成部分。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)羽被(bei)尊(zun)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)(gong)(gong),后人建關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)帝(di)(di)廟紀念,全球(qiu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)帝(di)(di)廟有(you)萬座,第一座關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)帝(di)(di)廟就(jiu)是(shi)洛(luo)陽(yang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)林。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)羽文(wen)化幾乎(hu)滲透(tou)于(yu)人們思想及生(sheng)活的(de)(de)各個方面。
關尹喜,名喜,曾任周朝大夫,道教樓觀派祖師、文始派祖師。是周至縣龍鄉聞仙里(今陜西周至縣)人。與太上老君(即老子)同時期的人,為函谷關令尹喜。老子在洛陽任周朝的圖書館館長三十多年后,見周朝衰敗,就離開周都,準備歸隱。老子沿著周秦古道一路向西到了函谷關,關令尹喜早知道老子是個大學問家,對老子關懷備至,乞求老子寫本書,老子就洋洋灑灑寫了5000多字,闡述道德的內容,這就是現在世界翻譯最多的《道德經》。關尹(yin)喜著有《關尹(yin)子》九(jiu)卷(juan)。
關姓(xing)還源(yuan)于(yu)姬(ji)姓(xing),源(yuan)于(yu)官(guan)位,源(yuan)于(yu)少數民族改姓(xing),這里就不一一細說了。
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