近年來，浙江松陽縣委、縣政府因勢利導，積極引導農民進行產業結構調整，鼓勵農民開辟茶園，建設茶葉基地，開辦加工企(qi)業，從事茶(cha)葉(xie)流通，將(jiang)茶(cha)產(chan)業發(fa)展成為(wei)松陽農業的支柱產(chan)業。2011年利用省重點(dian)欠(qian)發(fa)達群眾增收致富奔小康特扶項目(mu)資金(jin)，在全縣開展茶(cha)葉(xie)病蟲(chong)害(hai)專業化統防統治工作，取得(de)了(le)較(jiao)好成績。
一、主要做法
1．統(tong)一(yi)思想，強(qiang)勢(shi)推進
縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)委(wei)、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政府對開(kai)展茶(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)度重視，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)委(wei)書(shu)記在縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)委(wei)會議暨全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)干部大(da)會上(shang)提(ti)出(chu)了(le)開(kai)展茶(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，推行“統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時間、統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)藥劑藥量、統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人員(yuan)(yuan)、統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)植保(bao)機械、統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)間隔期”工(gong)(gong)作模式，確保(bao)2011年(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)50%以上(shang)的茶(cha)園(yuan)實(shi)施病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)全(quan)(quan)(quan)程專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)委(wei)辦、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)府辦下發《松陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)茶(cha)葉(xie)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)考(kao)(kao)核辦法》，給20個鄉(xiang)鎮下達了(le)60224畝實(shi)施任務，并將(jiang)茶(cha)葉(xie)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)作納入鄉(xiang)鎮年(nian)度目標考(kao)(kao)核內(nei)容；縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)委(wei)、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政府召開(kai)由鄉(xiang)鎮書(shu)記、分管鄉(xiang)（鎮）長、茶(cha)葉(xie)技術人員(yuan)(yuan)、有關(guan)部門領導和專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)合(he)作社負責人參加(jia)的茶(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)推進會上(shang)，邀請了(le)中國工(gong)(gong)程院院士(shi)、中國農(nong)業(ye)(ye)科學院茶(cha)葉(xie)研究所陳宗懋斕究員(yuan)(yuan)就(jiu)茶(cha)葉(xie)質量安全(quan)(quan)(quan)等內(nei)容作專(zhuan)(zhuan)題講座(zuo)，統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)認識(shi)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)面推進茶(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；結合(he)《浙(zhe)江省農(nong)作物病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管理條例》，將(jiang)茶(cha)葉(xie)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)列入十二五(wu)經濟社會規劃。
2．構建體(ti)系，加(jia)強服務(wu)
縣里加強(qiang)縣（鎮(zhen)(zhen)）鄉(xiang)村植(zhi)保(bao)體(ti)系(xi)建設，現有先進茶葉病蟲害檢(jian)測(ce)預(yu)警、防(fang)控(kong)人(ren)(ren)員專職(zhi)4人(ren)(ren)，兼職(zhi)9人(ren)(ren)，鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)茶葉輔導員兼職(zhi)植(zhi)保(bao)人(ren)(ren)員22人(ren)(ren)，2011年經農業局(ju)培訓，有107個服務主體(ti)取(qu)得植(zhi)保(bao)工職(zhi)業技能(neng)資(zi)格證(zheng)書122人(ren)(ren)，同(tong)時做好檢(jian)測(ce)預(yu)警、防(fang)控(kong)技術服務。
3．政(zheng)策扶持，資(zi)金落實
從2011年(nian)起，連續3年(nian)從省(sheng)重(zhong)點欠發達(da)地區群眾增收(shou)致富奔小(xiao)康特扶項目資金中每(mei)年(nian)投(tou)入600萬元(yuan)用(yong)于茶樹統(tong)(tong)防統(tong)(tong)治。對開(kai)(kai)展茶樹統(tong)(tong)防統(tong)(tong)治的(de)服(fu)(fu)務主體(ti)按服(fu)(fu)務面積每(mei)畝(mu)補(bu)(bu)助30元(yuan)，年(nian)終按考(kao)(kao)核等級(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵每(mei)畝(mu)20～30元(yuan)；對開(kai)(kai)展統(tong)(tong)防統(tong)(tong)治的(de)服(fu)(fu)務組織應用(yong)綠(lv)色(se)防控技(ji)術和產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)，年(nian)終按考(kao)(kao)核等級(ji)再(zai)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵每(mei)畝(mu)10~20元(yuan)；對新添置符合浙江省(sheng)農機補(bu)(bu)貼產(chan)品(pin)(pin)目錄的(de)噴霧器（機）在享受國家財政補(bu)(bu)貼的(de)基礎上，縣(xian)里再(zai)給(gei)予(yu)相同金額的(de)資金補(bu)(bu)助；對鄉鎮(zhen)也制(zhi)訂了相應的(de)補(bu)(bu)助政策(ce)。
4．宣(xuan)傳培訓，技術支撐
為做(zuo)好(hao)茶(cha)樹病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)統(tong)(tong)防(fang)統(tong)(tong)治，松陽縣(xian)農業(ye)(ye)局(ju)十分重(zhong)視宣傳培(pei)訓工作。去年(nian)5月，組織了28名鄉鎮茶(cha)葉(xie)輔(fu)導(dao)員(yuan)到中國(guo)農業(ye)(ye)科學院茶(cha)葉(xie)研究(jiu)所(suo)進行為期一(yi)周(zhou)茶(cha)葉(xie)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害防(fang)治技術(shu)培(pei)訓，邀(yao)請中國(guo)農業(ye)(ye)科學院茶(cha)葉(xie)研究(jiu)所(suo)、浙江省植物(wu)保(bao)(bao)護檢(jian)疫局(ju)等茶(cha)葉(xie)、植保(bao)(bao)專(zhuan)家(jia)講授茶(cha)樹病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害發(fa)生與綠(lv)色(se)防(fang)治技術(shu)、病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)統(tong)(tong)防(fang)統(tong)(tong)治實踐和(he)探索等10余個專(zhuan)題(ti)，提(ti)高農技人員(yuan)的技術(shu)和(he)管理水平。2011年(nian)全縣(xian)共(gong)舉辦培(pei)訓班67期，受訓農戶8040人次，印發(fa)技術(shu)資料1.5萬(wan)份；為擴大統(tong)(tong)防(fang)統(tong)(tong)治的影響(xiang)，利用各種媒(mei)體(ti)大力宣傳統(tong)(tong)防(fang)統(tong)(tong)治的意義及(ji)有關補助政策，激發(fa)農戶參加統(tong)(tong)防(fang)統(tong)(tong)治的主動(dong)性、積極性。
5．綠(lv)色(se)防控，示范(fan)引路
堅持(chi)將統(tong)防(fang)(fang)統(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)與綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色防(fang)(fang)控(kong)相結合(he)(he)，在(zai)統(tong)防(fang)(fang)統(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)區示范(fan)應(ying)用(yong)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色防(fang)(fang)控(kong)技(ji)(ji)術，專(zhuan)門(men)制(zhi)訂了(le)《松(song)陽縣茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)統(tong)防(fang)(fang)統(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術規(gui)程（試行）》，經(jing)中國農業科學院茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)研究所和(he)浙江省植(zhi)物保護檢疫局專(zhuan)家論證，以(yi)文(wen)件(jian)下發到(dao)各鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮。同時加強病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)的(de)(de)田間(jian)調(diao)(diao)查，做好(hao)預(yu)測預(yu)報，堅持(chi)定期定點(dian)調(diao)(diao)查，分析茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)發生情(qing)況，及時指導服(fu)務組織開展病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)。為示范(fan)推廣綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色防(fang)(fang)控(kong)技(ji)(ji)術，縣農業局率先在(zai)新興鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)和(he)謝村鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)開展綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色防(fang)(fang)控(kong)示范(fan)試點(dian)，在(zai)新興鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)基(ji)地(di)建(jian)立(li)了(le)2370畝(mu)核心示范(fan)區，展示綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色防(fang)(fang)控(kong)技(ji)(ji)術和(he)產(chan)品。西屏、古市、板橋等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮帶領有關專(zhuan)業合(he)(he)作社到(dao)新興鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)基(ji)地(di)觀摩取經(jing)。通過(guo)樹立(li)典型，促進了(le)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色防(fang)(fang)控(kong)技(ji)(ji)術和(he)產(chan)品的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)，2011年全縣推廣使用(yong)黑刺粉虱信息(xi)素誘捕器（黃板）10803畝(mu)，小綠(lv)(lv)(lv)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)蟬(chan)信息(xi)素誘捕器（綠(lv)(lv)(lv)板）10308.3畝(mu)；新增太陽能(neng)殺蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)燈(deng)420盞(zhan)，殺蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)燈(deng)應(ying)用(yong)面積達1.45萬(wan)畝(mu)；推廣應(ying)用(yong)生物農藥5.2萬(wan)畝(mu)次(ci)，在(zai)茶(cha)園病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)防(fang)(fang)控(kong)中發揮了(le)很好(hao)的(de)(de)作用(yong)。
6．嚴格(ge)考核，保證質量(liang)
對服(fu)務(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)織采取“兩手(shou)準備”，一(yi)(yi)手(shou)抓指導(dao)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)，一(yi)(yi)手(shou)抓規范(fan)管理(li)(li)，積極(ji)引導(dao)植保服(fu)務(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)織朝著規范(fan)化方向發展。要求服(fu)務(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)織按照“五統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)”的(de)(de)(de)要求，做(zuo)到科(ke)學(xue)合(he)(he)理(li)(li)安全(quan)使(shi)用農藥(yao)。重點(dian)加(jia)強服(fu)務(wu)(wu)協議、田間檔案(an)、藥(yao)劑(ji)購置、安全(quan)用藥(yao)等方面(mian)(mian)管理(li)(li)。堅持督查與(yu)考(kao)核(he)(he)相(xiang)結(jie)合(he)(he)、全(quan)面(mian)(mian)與(yu)重點(dian)相(xiang)結(jie)合(he)(he)、定期考(kao)核(he)(he)與(yu)不(bu)定期抽查相(xiang)結(jie)合(he)(he)，加(jia)強對服(fu)務(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)織的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)查管理(li)(li)。實行(xing)縣考(kao)核(he)(he)鄉鎮(zhen)，鄉鎮(zhen)考(kao)核(he)(he)轄(xia)區內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)織，考(kao)核(he)(he)內(nei)容包括服(fu)務(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)織的(de)(de)(de)資格(ge)、統(tong)(tong)防(fang)統(tong)(tong)治(zhi)實施情況、統(tong)(tong)防(fang)統(tong)(tong)治(zhi)實施效果(guo)等。年終(zhong)以(yi)鄉鎮(zhen)為責任單位(wei)對統(tong)(tong)防(fang)統(tong)(tong)治(zhi)工作(zuo)先行(xing)預(yu)驗收，在此基礎上(shang)農業局組(zu)(zu)織人員進行(xing)了考(kao)核(he)(he)驗收，對服(fu)務(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)織在3家以(yi)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)鄉鎮(zhen)全(quan)部考(kao)核(he)(he)，4家以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)抽查34家進行(xing)考(kao)核(he)(he)，每一(yi)(yi)專業合(he)(he)作(zuo)社(she)抽取10戶農戶進行(xing)電話核(he)(he)查，保障了統(tong)(tong)防(fang)統(tong)(tong)治(zhi)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)規范(fan)進行(xing)。
二、主要成效
1．統防(fang)統治(zhi)工作全面推進(jin)
2011年，全縣20個(ge)鄉鎮培育(yu)發(fa)展了從事茶樹病蟲(chong)害(hai)統(tong)(tong)(tong)防統(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)的(de)服(fu)務(wu)組(zu)織(zhi)107家(jia)，配備背負式機動噴霧(wu)機939臺，擔架式噴霧(wu)機123臺，電動噴霧(wu)器486臺，防治(zhi)(zhi)機手2407名(ming)，服(fu)務(wu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)6.86萬(wan)畝(mu)，服(fu)務(wu)茶農1.15萬(wan)戶(hu)，與2010年相(xiang)比，茶樹病蟲(chong)害(hai)統(tong)(tong)(tong)防統(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)務(wu)組(zu)織(zhi)從5家(jia)發(fa)展到107家(jia)，植保服(fu)務(wu)器械(xie)由(you)原來(lai)不足100臺增(zeng)加到1500多臺，服(fu)務(wu)人(ren)員由(you)不足100人(ren)增(zeng)至2400多人(ren)，服(fu)務(wu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)由(you)4000多畝(mu)增(zeng)加到6.86萬(wan)畝(mu)，成為全國(guo)實(shi)施茶葉(xie)病蟲(chong)害(hai)統(tong)(tong)(tong)防統(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)最大的(de)縣，到驗(yan)收考核(he)時上(shang)(shang)報103家(jia)，面(mian)積(ji)(ji)66878畝(mu)，考核(he)達到合(he)格以(yi)上(shang)(shang)73家(jia)，優秀28個(ge)，良(liang)好36個(ge)，合(he)格9個(ge)，不合(he)格30個(ge)（其中面(mian)積(ji)(ji)不達標19個(ge)，山(shan)區鄉鎮小(xiao)于200畝(mu)，平(ping)原鄉鎮小(xiao)于300畝(mu)），達到基數符合(he)“五統(tong)(tong)(tong)一”標準實(shi)施面(mian)積(ji)(ji)36778.99畝(mu)，達不到基數面(mian)積(ji)(ji)4457.98畝(mu)。
2．茶葉(xie)質量安全水平和經濟效益明顯提(ti)高
統(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)治區在(zai)農(nong)(nong)業部門的指導下，推廣應用(yong)綠色(se)防(fang)(fang)控技術，科學合理用(yong)藥(yao)(yao)，應用(yong)先(xian)進植(zhi)保(bao)器械，提(ti)高農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)利(li)用(yong)率，大大減(jian)(jian)少了(le)化(hua)學農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的使(shi)用(yong)。據調(diao)查(cha)，茶(cha)(cha)樹病蟲(chong)害(hai)統(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)治區與農(nong)(nong)民自防(fang)(fang)區相(xiang)比，全(quan)年農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)用(yong)減(jian)(jian)少3.5次，化(hua)學農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)用(yong)量減(jian)(jian)少36.21%．畝節約農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)成本(ben)111.5元，增(zeng)加產值1779.2元，實施統(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)治全(quan)年為全(quan)縣(xian)茶(cha)(cha)農(nong)(nong)新增(zeng)效益1.32億元。2011年對開展茶(cha)(cha)樹病蟲(chong)專(zhuan)業化(hua)統(tong)(tong)防(fang)(fang)統(tong)(tong)治服(fu)務的107家專(zhuan)業合作社每家抽檢3個茶(cha)(cha)樣(yang)(yang)，共檢測了(le)321個茶(cha)(cha)樣(yang)(yang)，結果全(quan)部達(da)到國家無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)茶(cha)(cha)葉農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘留標準(zhun)，對提(ti)升茶(cha)(cha)葉質量安全(quan)發揮了(le)積極的作用(yong)。
3．助推(tui)了茶產(chan)業(ye)發展(zhan)轉型升級
通過茶(cha)(cha)樹病蟲害統(tong)防(fang)統(tong)治，推進綠色防(fang)控(kong)技術和產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)示范推廣，深化(hua)了茶(cha)(cha)葉良種(zhong)化(hua)、清潔化(hua)、標準化(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，引(yin)導茶(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)從擴量轉向(xiang)(xiang)提(ti)質、粗散(san)轉向(xiang)(xiang)精深、內(nei)向(xiang)(xiang)轉向(xiang)(xiang)外向(xiang)(xiang)發(fa)展(zhan)，促進了松陽茶(cha)(cha)葉產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)的(de)可持(chi)續健康發(fa)展(zhan)，提(ti)高了茶(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)核心(xin)競爭力。2011年(nian)，全縣實現茶(cha)(cha)葉總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量9525噸，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值(zhi)5.06億(yi)元，較上年(nian)分(fen)別增(zeng)長5.2%和19.9%，茶(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)對農(nong)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值(zhi)增(zeng)長的(de)貢獻率達(da)43.1%。
2012年松陽(yang)縣將更加突出綠色防(fang)控示范推廣、服務組織規(gui)(gui)范、典型示范和(he)體系(xi)建(jian)設，迸一步加強技術指(zhi)導服務、規(gui)(gui)范管理(li)考核(he)和(he)示范帶動，把茶葉病蟲害(hai)統防(fang)統治和(he)綠色防(fang)控工作抓好抓實，為茶產業提質增(zeng)效、茶農增(zeng)收、農村發展做出新的貢獻。
茶葉被稱為三大無酒精飲料之一，這一好處也是人越來越的人在食用。同時購買假冒茶葉也是越來越多，茶葉質量安全問題也是頻繁發生，這也引起消費者的廣泛關注。企業為了保證茶葉的質量安全，現在也是開始使用溯源追溯系統。那大家是否知道茶葉如何建設溯源追溯系統呢?下面我們就來了解下吧。
茶葉產品溯源系統采用數據實時采集技術，將茶葉原料的生長、加工、儲藏及銷售等供應鏈環節的管理對象進行可追溯性標識。一旦茶葉出現安全問題，可以通過這些標識進行追溯，查出問題出現的環節，可追溯到茶葉生產的源頭：
1.種植階段
把產品的名稱、品種、產地、批次、施用農藥、生產者信息等初始產品信息和生產過程進行完整記錄，在產品收購時，利用標注的信息對產品進行快速分揀。
2.加工階段
進入加工環節，將采集的信息對不同的產品進行有針對性的處理，以保證產品質量，加工完成后，由加工者將加工者的信息、加工方法、加工日期、產品等級、保質期、儲存條件等信息采集完整。
3.倉儲階段
按規定的存儲條件、存儲時間在適合在倉庫存儲;在入庫和出庫時，記錄完整入庫記錄和出庫記錄。根據存儲的時間選擇優先出庫的產品，避免經濟損失。
4.產品檢測
定期(qi)將產(chan)(chan)品送到(dao)權威檢測機(ji)構(gou)進行產(chan)(chan)品檢測，包括農藥殘留和重金屬檢測。
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