相姓簡介
“相(xiang)(xiang)”字(zi)拼音:xiàng、xiāng,“相(xiang)(xiang)”屬(shu)于(yu)常用字(zi),“相(xiang)(xiang)”字(zi)部首是:目(mu)(mu),構造是:木目(mu)(mu),繁體字(zi)和筆畫為:相(xiang)(xiang):9;相(xiang)(xiang)的五行屬(shu)性是木
相姓全國人口(kou)(kou)約 17 萬,屬常(chang)見姓氏(shi),最新統(tong)計的人口(kou)(kou)排(pai)名排(pai)在(zai)第347位,本姓氏(shi)人口(kou)(kou)在(zai)歷史的排(pai)名位置
相姓各個時期人口排名走勢圖
說明:本統計根據網友訪問查(cha)(cha)詢名(ming)字測試排名(ming)進(jin)行的統計,和全國人口(kou)普查(cha)(cha)統計的數(shu)(shu)據不完(wan)全一致,本數(shu)(shu)據每周(zhou)更(geng)新一次。
相姓人口在各個省市的最新分布
相氏是一個多民族、多源流的古老姓氏,但人口總(zong)數(shu)在中國的大陸和臺灣省均未列(lie)入百(bai)家姓前三百(bai)位,在宋版《百(bai)家姓》中排序為第(di)三百(bai)九十六位門閥。
今湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)襄樊市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、長陽(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、恩施土家(jia)族苗(miao)族自(zi)治縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),遼(liao)寧省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)營口市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、沈陽(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、遼(liao)陽(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),上海市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),北(bei)京(jing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),內蒙古自(zi)治區赤峰(feng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),四(si)川省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)北(bei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),山東(dong)(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)海陽(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、膠州市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、巨野縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、日照市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)東(dong)(dong)港區、臨朐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、滕州市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鄒城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、膠南市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、莒(ju)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、臨沂市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、聊城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)運城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),江(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)泗(si)洪縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、揚州市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)寶應縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、無錫市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)陰市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、連云港市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)東(dong)(dong)海縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、灌南縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、贛榆(yu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、灌南縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、淮安市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),云南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)元陽(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),河(he)北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、新(xin)樂市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大岳鎮相(xiang)家(jia)莊青(qing)村、滄(cang)州市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),浙江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)紹興市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上虞(yu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、湖州市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),香港特別(bie)行政區,臺灣省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)蓮(lian)花縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),廣(guang)東(dong)(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)普寧地區和東(dong)(dong)莞市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),廣(guang)西(xi)壯族自(zi)治區的(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)海市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),吉林省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)長春市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、四(si)平市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、通化市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、黑(hei)龍江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)哈爾濱市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、伊春市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)地,河(he)南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)洛陽(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)新(xin)安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、駐馬店市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)西(xi)平縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),陜(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)安市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),荷蘭等(deng)地,甘肅武(wu)威市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),安徽省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)渦陽(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),河(he)南商丘市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。均(jun)有相(xiang)氏族人分布(bu)。
相姓起源(來源)
相(xiang)姓主要(yao)源自:子姓、姒姓、姬姓。
相(xiang)[相(xiang),讀音(yin)作xiāng(ㄒㄧㄤ),亦可(ke)讀作xiàng(ㄒㄧㄤˋ)]。相(xiang)姓(xing),在全(quan)國人(ren)口(kou)約有16.2萬,在各姓(xing)中排第320位,占(zhan)全(quan)國人(ren)口(kou)的(de)(de)0.012%。夏(xia)朝有一個帝(di)王(wang)叫相(xiang),他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)后裔支庶子孫,有的(de)(de)就以祖上的(de)(de)名字作為姓(xing)氏。另(ling)外一支相(xiang)姓(xing)出自子姓(xing),商(shang)王(wang)河亶甲(jia)居住在相(xiang)地,后來又遷(qian)都他(ta)(ta)處(chu),而仍(reng)然留居在相(xiang)地的(de)(de)人(ren),便以相(xiang)作為姓(xing)氏。相(xiang)榮是(shi)晉代的(de)(de)著名辭賦作家。相(xiang)士芳是(shi)明朝文士,舉為進士后當官,善詩文。
xiāng 讀第(di)一(yi)聲的(de)相(xiang)(xiang)氏,根據《姓譜》的(de)記載,河(he)南商(shang)丘的(de)相(xiang)(xiang)氏,是(shi)商(shang)帝(di)相(xiang)(xiang)土的(de)后(hou)裔。相(xiang)(xiang)土,是(shi)商(shang)湯的(de)十世族,傳說他是(shi)馬車的(de)發(fa)明者(zhe)。
xiàng 讀第(di)四(si)聲的(de)相氏(shi)(shi)(shi),根(gen)據《通志*氏(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)略》的(de)記載,后漢的(de)武(wu)洛(luo)山(shan)出了四(si)大姓(xing)(xing),第(di)二個就是相氏(shi)(shi)(shi),殷(yin)的(de)故城,殷(yin)地(di)是以地(di)為姓(xing)(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de),即(ji)武(wu)洛(luo)鐘離(li)山(shan)的(de)四(si)姓(xing)(xing)之一。
相姓起源一
源于姒姓,出自遠古時期盤古的后裔,屬于以先祖帝號為氏。冉相氏,是遠古神話傳說中的人物,他繼承了黃帝以道為教,無為而治的精髓,后來他接替幾遽氏成為華夏族的帝王,將國家管理得非常好。冉相氏逝世后,指定由容成氏繼位。戰國時期著名的思想家莊周在《莊子·雜篇·則陽(yang)》一書中敘述:“冉相氏(shi)得(de)其環(huan)中以隨(sui)成,與(yu)物無(wu)(wu)終(zhong)無(wu)(wu)始,無(wu)(wu)幾無(wu)(wu)時(shi)。日與(yu)物化(hua)者,一不化(hua)者也(ye),闔嘗(chang)舍(she)之(zhi)(zhi)!夫師(shi)天而(er)不得(de)師(shi)天,與(yu)物皆殉,其以為(wei)(wei)事也(ye)若之(zhi)(zhi)何?夫圣人未(wei)(wei)始有天,未(wei)(wei)始有人,未(wei)(wei)始有始,未(wei)(wei)始有物,與(yu)也(ye)偕行而(er)不替(ti),所(suo)行之(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)而(er)不洫,其合之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)若之(zhi)(zhi)何?湯得(de)其司御門尹登恒為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)傅(fu)之(zhi)(zhi),從(cong)師(shi)而(er)不囿;得(de)其隨(sui)成,為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)司其名(ming);之(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)嬴法,得(de)其兩見。仲尼(ni)之(zhi)(zhi)盡慮,為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)傅(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)。容成氏(shi)曰:‘除日無(wu)(wu)歲(sui),無(wu)(wu)內(nei)無(wu)(wu)外’。”
在冉(ran)相氏(shi)的(de)后裔子(zi)孫(sun)中,誕(dan)生了最(zui)早的(de)相氏(shi)、冉(ran)氏(shi),是以先祖帝號為姓(xing)氏(shi),世(shi)代相傳至今(jin),是非常古早的(de)姓(xing)氏(shi)之(zhi)一(yi)。該(gai)支相氏(shi)正確讀音作xiāng(ㄒㄧㄤ)。
相姓起源二
源于(yu)姒姓,出自夏(xia)朝王族的后(hou)代(dai),屬于(yu)以先(xian)祖名(ming)字為氏。夏(xia)朝有(you)帝相(xiang)(xiang),在其后(hou)裔支庶子孫中,有(you)的人以先(xian)祖的名(ming)字為姓氏,稱(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)氏。上古(gu)時(shi)期(qi),夏(xia)王朝第五代(dai)君主(zhu)名(ming)叫姒相(xiang)(xiang),是夏(xia)王姒仲康之子,史稱(cheng)夏(xia)帝相(xiang)(xiang),執政時(shi)期(qi)大約在公元前2005~前1978年,逝(shi)世后(hou)葬于(yu)今(jin)河南省(sheng)濮陽市(shi)的相(xiang)(xiang)陵。
在夏帝(di)相(xiang)的后裔子孫中,有以先(xian)祖名字為姓(xing)氏(shi)者,稱相(xiang)氏(shi),世(shi)代相(xiang)傳(chuan)至今(jin),是非(fei)常古老(lao)的姓(xing)氏(shi)之一。該支相(xiang)氏(shi)正確讀(du)音作xiāng(ㄒㄧㄤ)。
相姓起源三
源于(yu)子(zi)(zi)姓,出(chu)(chu)自商(shang)王(wang)(wang)朝王(wang)(wang)族河(he)亶甲之封(feng)(feng)地,屬于(yu)以(yi)居邑名(ming)稱為氏。商(shang)王(wang)(wang)朝時(shi)期,第十(shi)二代君主(zhu)商(shang)外壬(ren)子(zi)(zi)發執政時(shi)期(公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)1473~前(qian)1459年在(zai)(zai)位(wei)(wei)),將(jiang)自己的兒子(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)整封(feng)(feng)于(yu)相地(今河(he)南內(nei)黃亳城鄉,一說(shuo)在(zai)(zai)今河(he)南安陽西部),因此又(you)稱其(qi)為相土(tu)。后來子(zi)(zi)整在(zai)(zai)公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)1458年繼位(wei)(wei),是為第十(shi)三代君主(zhu)商(shang)河(he)亶甲。商(shang)河(he)亶甲在(zai)(zai)位(wei)(wei)時(shi)期,商(shang)王(wang)(wang)朝再度衰落,他(ta)曾一度將(jiang)都(dou)城遷于(yu)自己的原封(feng)(feng)邑,建有相城,后又(you)出(chu)(chu)兵征(zheng)伐東南方的蘭族和班方。商(shang)河(he)亶甲于(yu)公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)1450年逝世,其(qi)子(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)騰繼位(wei)(wei),是位(wei)(wei)著名(ming)的商(shang)中宗祖已,他(ta)將(jiang)父(fu)王(wang)(wang)葬于(yu)相城,然(ran)后再次將(jiang)都(dou)城遷走,遷至北方的邢(今河(he)北邢臺),后又(you)遷都(dou)于(yu)庇(今山東魚臺)。
商(shang)中(zhong)宗再次遷都之后,留居原(yuan)相(xiang)城的商(shang)族人便以故都名稱為姓氏,稱相(xiang)氏,世代相(xiang)傳至今(jin)。該(gai)支相(xiang)氏正(zheng)確讀音作xiàng(ㄒㄧㄤˋ)。
相姓起源四
源于(yu)官(guan)位,出自西周時期(qi)祭司(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)相(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi),屬于(yu)以官(guan)職(zhi)稱(cheng)(cheng)謂為(wei)(wei)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)。方(fang)(fang)(fang)相(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi),就是(shi)(shi)遠古(gu)黃(huang)帝(di)時期(qi)的(de)嫫(mo)母(mu),黃(huang)帝(di)曾(ceng)令嫫(mo)母(mu)為(wei)(wei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)相(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)。嫫(mo)母(mu)相(xiang)貌極其丑(chou)陋,似逐疫(yi)驅鬼之(zhi)神(shen)(shen),故有(you)以嫫(mo)母(mu)為(wei)(wei)逐疫(yi)之(zhi)神(shen)(shen)的(de)傳說(shuo),逐漸成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)上古(gu)禮(li)(li)制(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)重要神(shen)(shen)祇,專司(si)儺儀(yi)與葬禮(li)(li)。西周時期(qi),方(fang)(fang)(fang)相(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)三大(da)祭司(si)之(zhi)一,主(zhu)掌儺儀(yi)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)驅鬼逐魔。隨著歷史(shi)演進(jin),方(fang)(fang)(fang)相(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)社會地位在(zai)(zai)歷代(dai)宮廷儺儀(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)逐步降低,再后竟(jing)然成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)散(san)制(zhi)武(wu)(wu)(wu)士(shi)的(de)官(guan)稱(cheng)(cheng),隸(li)屬于(yu)夏官(guan)府司(si)大(da)司(si)馬(ma)管轄,下屬有(you)狂(kuang)夫(fu)四(si)人(ren)。在(zai)(zai)典籍《周禮(li)(li)》中(zhong)(zhong)記載(zai):“夏官(guan)司(si)馬(ma)所(suo)屬有(you)方(fang)(fang)(fang)相(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi),設狂(kuang)夫(fu)四(si)人(ren)。方(fang)(fang)(fang)相(xiang),舊(jiu)注(zhu)謂系放(fang)想可畏怖之(zhi)貌。” 所(suo)謂散(san)制(zhi)武(wu)(wu)(wu)士(shi),就是(shi)(shi)沒有(you)爵號(hao)的(de)武(wu)(wu)(wu)士(shi),時稱(cheng)(cheng)“狂(kuang)夫(fu)”,共有(you)四(si)人(ren),武(wu)(wu)(wu)藝高強,是(shi)(shi)從(cong)全國武(wu)(wu)(wu)人(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)拔而出。狂(kuang)夫(fu)身披熊皮,頭套面具,上有(you)黃(huang)金鑄(zhu)成(cheng)的(de)四(si)目,上衣(yi)玄色,下裳朱色,執戈(ge)舉盾,率領眾(zhong)隸(li)人(ren)。在(zai)(zai)大(da)型典禮(li)(li)活動中(zhong)(zhong),狂(kuang)夫(fu)負責驅逐疫(yi)鬼精怪,平時則專職(zhi)守(shou)護宗廟。
在方相(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)的后裔子孫中,有以先(xian)祖官職(zhi)稱謂(wei)為(wei)姓氏(shi)(shi)者,稱方相(xiang)氏(shi)(shi),后省文(wen)簡化分衍為(wei)單(dan)姓相(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)、方氏(shi)(shi),世代相(xiang)傳(chuan)至(zhi)今。
相姓起源五
源于官(guan)(guan)位,出自西周時期(qi)祭(ji)司(si)(si)馮(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)相氏(shi)(shi),屬(shu)于以(yi)官(guan)(guan)職(zhi)稱(cheng)謂為(wei)氏(shi)(shi)。馮(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)相氏(shi)(shi),亦稱(cheng)乘(cheng)相氏(shi)(shi),原為(wei)西周時期(qi)的(de)三(san)大祭(ji)司(si)(si)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi),主掌(zhang)天、日、月(yue)、星宿、君王(wang)之(zhi)大祭(ji),還負責掌(zhang)管(guan)歲(sui)月(yue)。隨著人們對自然世(shi)界(jie)的(de)逐漸了解,馮(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)相氏(shi)(shi)后(hou)轉(zhuan)變(bian)成為(wei)觀(guan)察(cha)并記錄(lu)天文、天象(xiang)之(zhi)專職(zhi)官(guan)(guan)吏,隸屬(shu)于春(chun)(chun)官(guan)(guan)府司(si)(si)之(zhi)太(tai)史(shi)令管(guan)轄(xia),下(xia)屬(shu)有(you)中(zhong)(zhong)士、下(xia)士及府、史(shi)、徒等隸員(yuan)。在典籍(ji)《周禮(li)(li)》中(zhong)(zhong)記載(zai):“春(chun)(chun)官(guan)(guan)所屬(shu)有(you)馮(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)相氏(shi)(shi),設中(zhong)(zhong)士二(er)人、下(xia)士四(si)人及府、史(shi)、徒等員(yuan)。”在典籍(ji)《周禮(li)(li)·春(chun)(chun)官(guan)(guan)·馮(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)相氏(shi)(shi)》中(zhong)(zhong)也記載(zai):“馮(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)相氏(shi)(shi)掌(zhang)十(shi)有(you)二(er)歲(sui),十(shi)有(you)二(er)月(yue),十(shi)有(you)二(er)辰,十(shi)日,二(er)十(shi)八星之(zhi)位,辨其敘(xu)事(shi)(shi),以(yi)會天位。”時間的(de)分(fen)割以(yi)十(shi)二(er)累進,一(yi)(yi)紀十(shi)二(er)年,一(yi)(yi)年十(shi)二(er)個(ge)月(yue),一(yi)(yi)日十(shi)二(er)時辰。在典籍(ji)《國(guo)語(yu)·晉語(yu)四(si)》也記載(zai):“黃帝之(zhi)子(zi)(zi)二(er)十(shi)五宗,其得(de)姓者十(shi)四(si)人,為(wei)十(shi)二(er)姓。”甚至天子(zi)(zi)的(de)妻妾也有(you)“十(shi)二(er)女”之(zhi)說(shuo),因(yin)此(ci)在史(shi)籍(ji)《后(hou)漢(han)書·荀爽傳》中(zhong)(zhong)說(shuo)明(ming):“故天子(zi)(zi)娶(qu)十(shi)二(er)婦(fu),天之(zhi)數也;諸(zhu)侯以(yi)下(xia)各有(you)等差,事(shi)(shi)之(zhi)降也。” 在歷(li)朝歷(li)代的(de)馮(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)相氏(shi)(shi)之(zhi)后(hou)裔子(zi)(zi)孫中(zhong)(zhong),皆有(you)以(yi)先祖官(guan)(guan)職(zhi)稱(cheng)謂為(wei)姓氏(shi)(shi)者,稱(cheng)馮(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)相氏(shi)(shi)、乘(cheng)相氏(shi)(shi)、憑相氏(shi)(shi),后(hou)省文簡化(hua)分(fen)衍為(wei)單姓相氏(shi)(shi)、馮(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)氏(shi)(shi)、乘(cheng)氏(shi)(shi)、憑氏(shi)(shi),世(shi)代相傳至今。
要注意的(de)是(shi),該支相(xiang)氏姓源繁(fan)復(fu),不可一論,正確讀音(yin)作xiāng(ㄒㄧㄤ);而由馮相(xiang)氏所(suo)分衍(yan)形成的(de)單姓馮氏、乘氏、憑(ping)氏,則讀音(yin)皆作píng(ㄆㄧㄥˊ)。
相姓起源六
源(yuan)于姬姓(xing)(xing)(xing),出(chu)自(zi)古巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)族人及(ji)其(qi)首(shou)領(ling)(ling)廩(lin)君(jun),屬于以先祖名字為氏(shi)。在史籍《通志(zhi)·氏(shi)族略》中(zhong)記(ji)載(zai):“相(xiang)(xiang)氏(shi),去聲,亦作平聲。;曰:武(wu)洛山出(chu)四(si)(si)姓(xing)(xing)(xing),其(qi)二曰相(xiang)(xiang)氏(shi)。姚秦有相(xiang)(xiang)云:作獵德賦(fu),世(shi)居馮翊。望出(chu)西(xi)河。”其(qi)中(zhong)所描述的(de)相(xiang)(xiang)氏(shi),為古代武(wu)洛鐘離山巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)族人的(de)四(si)(si)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)之一(yi),在秦、漢時期史書中(zhong)所稱(cheng)(cheng)的(de)“西(xi)南蠻(man)”,即指古巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)族人以及(ji)古蜀人。廩(lin)君(jun),是古代巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)族人的(de)第一(yi)位首(shou)領(ling)(ling),已姓(xing)(xing)(xing)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)氏(shi),名叫(jiao)崐務(wu)相(xiang)(xiang),亦稱(cheng)(cheng)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)務(wu)相(xiang)(xiang)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為姬姓(xing)(xing)(xing),是江漢諸姬之一(yi),源(yuan)出(chu)周族,與姜姓(xing)(xing)(xing)盤瓠(hu)后代的(de)枳(zhi)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(五溪蠻(man)、板楯蠻(man))不同(tong)。廩(lin)君(jun)便(bian)成了巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)國人世(shi)代尊奉(feng)的(de)生(sheng)命之神,傳(chuan)說,一(yi)旦巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)國人有難,白虎(hu)就會現身(shen)呵護族人,因此巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)國人所崇拜的(de)圖騰(teng)就是白虎(hu)。其(qi)后,巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)國人中(zhong)有許多人以崐務(wu)相(xiang)(xiang)的(de)名字和族姓(xing)(xing)(xing)為自(zi)己(ji)的(de)家(jia)族姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi),稱(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)氏(shi),世(shi)代相(xiang)(xiang)傳(chuan)至(zhi)今(jin),是非(fei)常古老的(de)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi)之一(yi)。
從東漢時期至(zhi)今,土家族(zu)中的(de)原族(zu)人皆稱自(zi)己就是廩君崐務(wu)相(xiang)的(de)后裔,因此有仍(reng)然有世(shi)代相(xiang)傳(chuan)的(de)古老相(xiang)氏(shi)。該支相(xiang)氏(shi)正確讀音作(zuo)xiāng(ㄒㄧㄤ)。
相姓起源七
源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)官(guan)(guan)位(wei)(wei)(wei),出自春秋時期(qi)齊(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),屬(shu)于(yu)以(yi)(yi)官(guan)(guan)職稱(cheng)謂(wei)為(wei)氏(shi)(shi)。“相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”,本為(wei)官(guan)(guan)名,與(yu)“象(xiang)”通(tong)義,是(shi)春秋時期(qi)由齊(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)“中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)”齊(qi)景公姜杵臼(公元前(qian)547~前(qian)489年(nian)在(zai)(zai)位(wei)(wei)(wei))首(shou)次設(she)置的(de)(de)(de)官(guan)(guan)位(wei)(wei)(wei),取“輔相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜,用勱(mai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。齊(qi)景公先是(shi)設(she)有(you)兩(liang)(liang)名“相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”,分為(wei)左相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、右(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),為(wei)齊(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)王室(shi)最高輔佐官(guan)(guan)吏,即君(jun)(jun)(jun)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)左右(you)(you)手。在(zai)(zai)史籍《史記·齊(qi)世家》中(zhong)(zhong)記載:“景公立,以(yi)(yi)崔(cui)杼為(wei)右(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),慶(qing)封為(wei)左相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。”后(hou)(hou)來(lai)齊(qi)景公又改以(yi)(yi)賢(xian)臣晏(yan)嬰(ying)為(wei)單一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),使已經衰落的(de)(de)(de)齊(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)再次強大起來(lai),稱(cheng)霸(ba)于(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)時。從(cong)此(ci)以(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou),各(ge)諸(zhu)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)乃(nai)至(zhi)周王室(shi)皆紛紛效(xiao)仿。后(hou)(hou)世則專指宰(zai)(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)政軍(jun)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)大事(shi)、要事(shi),統領(ling)百官(guan)(guan),督(du)轄(xia)屬(shu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),史謂(wei)“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下,萬人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)”,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)如當今(jin)世界(jie)上(shang)各(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)總理、首(shou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)卿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類。要注(zhu)意的(de)(de)(de)是(shi),自從(cong)齊(qi)景公設(she)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou),史官(guan)(guan)們方將(jiang)歷史上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)歷代(dai)(dai)前(qian)朝君(jun)(jun)(jun)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)最重要輔臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官(guan)(guan)稱(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)應對位(wei)(wei)(wei),在(zai)(zai)此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)歷史上(shang)實際(ji)上(shang)沒有(you)“相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官(guan)(guan)稱(cheng)。兩(liang)(liang)周時期(qi),君(jun)(jun)(jun)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)拜相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)如同封王,因此(ci)“相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”又稱(cheng)“相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)王”,拜相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou),相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)受到諸(zhu)侯與(yu)滿(man)(man)朝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣的(de)(de)(de)尊敬(jing)。隨著相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)出現,各(ge)諸(zhu)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)對其(qi)官(guan)(guan)職的(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)謂(wei)不盡相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同,但大同小異,北方的(de)(de)(de)諸(zhu)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)多稱(cheng)為(wei)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、宰(zai)(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)邦(bang)、丞(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)室(shi)、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)王等(deng),江南的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些諸(zhu)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)則有(you)稱(cheng)為(wei)象(xiang)、宰(zai)(zai)象(xiang)、象(xiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、象(xiang)邦(bang)、丞(cheng)(cheng)象(xiang)、象(xiang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)、象(xiang)室(shi)、象(xiang)王等(deng),且國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)不論(lun)大小,皆設(she)有(you)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。在(zai)(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、宰(zai)(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)邦(bang)、丞(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)室(shi)、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)王、象(xiang)、宰(zai)(zai)象(xiang)、象(xiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、象(xiang)邦(bang)、丞(cheng)(cheng)象(xiang)、象(xiang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)、象(xiang)室(shi)、象(xiang)王等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)裔子孫中(zhong)(zhong),皆有(you)以(yi)(yi)先祖官(guan)(guan)職稱(cheng)謂(wei)為(wei)姓氏(shi)(shi)者,稱(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)、或象(xiang)氏(shi)(shi),世代(dai)(dai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)傳。該支相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)正確讀音作xiàng(ㄒㄧㄤˋ)。與(yu)第四(si)個淵源(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang),該支相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)姓源(yuan)(yuan)繁復(fu),不可一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)論(lun)。例如:宋(song)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)時期(qi),在(zai)(zai)女(nv)真族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)個納合(he)部,即后(hou)(hou)來(lai)滿(man)(man)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)、鄂溫(wen)克族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)納哈塔氏(shi)(shi),滿(man)(man)語為(wei)Nahata Hala,族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)人(ren)在(zai)(zai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)時期(qi)誕生了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個名人(ren),叫納合(he)·椿年(nian)(納合(he)·烏(wu)野),他發(fa)明創造了(le)(le)女(nv)真文字(zi),深(shen)受女(nv)真族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)人(ren)以(yi)(yi)及金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)海(hai)陵王完(wan)顏·亮的(de)(de)(de)尊敬(jing),后(hou)(hou)在(zai)(zai)賢(xian)君(jun)(jun)(jun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)世宗完(wan)顏雍執政時期(qi)(公元1161~1189年(nian)在(zai)(zai)位(wei)(wei)(wei))官(guan)(guan)拜左丞(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),號稱(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)代(dai)(dai)賢(xian)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。在(zai)(zai)納合(he)·椿年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)裔子孫中(zhong)(zhong),多以(yi)(yi)其(qi)官(guan)(guan)職稱(cheng)謂(wei)為(wei)漢化姓氏(shi)(shi),稱(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)氏(shi)(shi),世代(dai)(dai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)傳至(zhi)今(jin),為(wei)滿(man)(man)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan)(yuan)。
再(zai)如(ru):成吉(ji)思汗的六(liu)世祖海都有個(ge)孫(sun)子斡(wo)(wo)羅(luo)納(na)兒,他(ta)組(zu)建了斡(wo)(wo)羅(luo)納(na)兒氏(shi)(shi)族,其后(hou)人以斡(wo)(wo)羅(luo)納(na)兒為(wei)姓氏(shi)(shi)。到(dao)了元朝成宗孛兒只(zhi)斤·鐵穆耳(er)執政時期(公元1295~1307年),斡(wo)(wo)羅(luo)納(na)兒氏(shi)(shi)族中(zhong)出了一名大官(guan),名叫(jiao)斡(wo)(wo)納(na)兒·哈(ha)(ha)剌(la)哈(ha)(ha)孫(sun),官(guan)至(zhi)元朝攝太(tai)尉、中(zhong)書(shu)右丞相(xiang)(xiang),掌管(guan)中(zhong)書(shu)省政事。在斡(wo)(wo)納(na)兒·哈(ha)(ha)剌(la)哈(ha)(ha)孫(sun)的后(hou)裔子孫(sun)中(zhong),即有以先(xian)祖官(guan)職(zhi)稱謂(wei)為(wei)漢化姓氏(shi)(shi)者,稱相(xiang)(xiang)氏(shi)(shi),世代相(xiang)(xiang)傳(chuan)至(zhi)今(jin),為(wei)蒙古族相(xiang)(xiang)氏(shi)(shi)之源。
另相氏與向氏有親聯關系。
得姓始祖
夏(xia)帝(di)相(xiang)(xiang)(姒相(xiang)(xiang))、商河亶甲(子整)、廩(lin)君(崐務相(xiang)(xiang)、巴務相(xiang)(xiang))、納(na)合·椿年(納(na)合·烏野)、斡納(na)兒(er)·哈(ha)剌(la)哈(ha)孫(sun)。
相姓郡望
西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)(he)(he)郡(jun):古(gu)代該郡(jun)所指不一。春秋時(shi)期(qi)(qi)衛國(guo)(guo)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)境沿黃(huang)(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)(he)一帶(dai)(dai)(dai)稱西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)(he)(he),即今浚(jun)縣(xian)(xian)、滑縣(xian)(xian)等地。戰國(guo)(guo)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)(he)在今安陽(yang)東,故安陽(yang)可(ke)稱西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)(he)(he),據《史記·仲(zhong)尼弟子(zi)列傳》記載:“子(zi)夏居西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)(he)(he)教授”是也。魏國(guo)(guo)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)曾取秦國(guo)(guo)今陜西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)(he)沿岸(an)地,置西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)(he)(he)郡(jun),則以晉陜間黃(huang)(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)(he)為(wei)準,西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)岸(an)為(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)(he)(he)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)漢朝(chao)元(yuan)朔(shuo)四年(丙(bing)辰,公元(yuan)前125年)置郡(jun),治所在平定(今內蒙古(gu)東勝),其(qi)時(shi)轄地在今陜西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、山(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)兩省之間黃(huang)(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)(he)沿岸(an)一帶(dai)(dai)(dai)地區,并擁有今內蒙古(gu)伊克昭盟東部(bu)及晉西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)等地。東漢朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)移治到離(li)石(今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)離(li)石)。南北朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)北魏的(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)(he)(he)郡(jun),其(qi)北部(bu)為(wei)羌(qiang)胡所得,僅保有晉西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)一帶(dai)(dai)(dai)地區,治所在茲氏,即在今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)省離(li)石(今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)汾(fen)陽(yang))。唐朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)亦(yi)曾以汾(fen)州為(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)(he)(he)郡(jun)。
巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba) 郡(jun)(jun):亦稱(cheng)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou),位于四(si)川東北(bei)部,大巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)山(shan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)麓,東臨(lin)達(da)州(zhou),南(nan)(nan)(nan)接(jie)南(nan)(nan)(nan)充(chong),西(xi)抵(di)廣元,北(bei)連陜西(xi)漢中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌多為(wei)(wei)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)和深丘。三千(qian)多年(nian)前的(de)(de)商朝時期(qi),古巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)族(zu)人就在(zai)該地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)繁衍(yan)生息,春(chun)秋時期(qi),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)是巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)子國(guo)的(de)(de)首都。戰國(guo)時期(qi)秦國(guo)取古巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)子國(guo)之(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)置(zhi)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)郡(jun)(jun),其時轄(xia)地(di)(di)(di)(di)在(zai)今重慶市一帶地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。東漢朝建安六年(nian)(辛巳,公元201年(nian))劉璋改(gai)(gai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)郡(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)西(xi),治所(suo)在(zai)閬中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(今四(si)川閬中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))。后另以江(jiang)州(zhou)(今重慶)為(wei)(wei)治所(suo),置(zhi)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)郡(jun)(jun)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)朝齊國(guo)代置(zhi)墊江(jiang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),北(bei)周時期(qi)改(gai)(gai)稱(cheng)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)朝時期(qi)北(bei)魏建巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou),后期(qi)為(wei)(wei)楚(chu)州(zhou),隋朝時期(qi)改(gai)(gai)為(wei)(wei)渝(yu)州(zhou),又以渝(yu)州(zhou)為(wei)(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)郡(jun)(jun)。由于唐(tang)朝許多詩文中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)南(nan)(nan)(nan)、巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)稱(cheng),民國(guo)二年(nian)(癸(gui)丑,公元1913年(nian)),改(gai)(gai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)為(wei)(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。1993年(nian)7月(yue),經(jing)國(guo)務(wu)院批(pi)準,四(si)川省(sheng)原(yuan)達(da)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)所(suo)轄(xia)的(de)(de)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、平昌(chang)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)、通江(jiang)四(si)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)劃出設立(li)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu),并(bing)批(pi)準巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)撤(che)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)建市,地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)行(xing)署設在(zai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)市。1995年(nian)經(jing)國(guo)務(wu)院批(pi)準撤(che)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)建區(qu)(qu)(qu),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)成為(wei)(wei)重慶市巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)南(nan)(nan)(nan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。2000年(nian)6月(yue),經(jing)國(guo)務(wu)院批(pi)準,撤(che)銷巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)和縣(xian)(xian)(xian)級巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)市,設立(li)地(di)(di)(di)(di)級巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)市,原(yuan)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)市改(gai)(gai)為(wei)(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)市人民政府駐新(xin)設立(li)的(de)(de)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。
相姓堂號
西河堂:以望立(li)堂。巴郡堂:以望立(li)堂。
諷(feng)德堂(tang):后(hou)秦(qin)國人相云,善諷(feng)。后(hou)秦(qin)君主姚(yao)興(xing)好佃(dian)獵(lie)(lie),有時損害農作(zuo)物,無人敢(gan)諫(jian)。相云就作(zuo)了(le)一首《德獵(lie)(lie)賦》,大意是獵(lie)(lie)者也(ye)(ye)要講(jiang)德,絕對不能傷害莊(zhuang)稼(jia)。對這一諷(feng)刺作(zuo)品,姚(yao)興(xing)讀了(le),大加贊賞,賜了(le)相云金(jin)帛。之(zhi)后(hou)姚(yao)興(xing)的行為(wei)也(ye)(ye)有所收斂。
相姓源流
一、相xiàng
現(xian)行(xing)較常見姓氏(shi)。今河(he)北之尚(shang)義、黃驊,山東之平邑、龍口,山西(xi)(xi)之太原,陜西(xi)(xi)之韓(han)城,黑龍江省之嫩(nen)江縣,湖南之益(yi)陽(yang),云南之瀘水、隴川(chuan)等地均有(you)分(fen)布。漢(han)族(zu)、瑤(yao)族(zu)、土(tu)家(jia)族(zu)有(you)此姓。《鄭通志·氏(shi)族(zu)略》亦收載。其(qi)源(yuan)不(bu)一。
1、鄭樵(qiao)注云:“去聲,亦(yi)作平(ping)聲。《漢書(shu)(shu)》:武(wu)洛山出四(si)姓(xing),其二曰相氏(shi)。”《中文大(da)字典(dian)》據《后漢書(shu)(shu)·南蠻傳》載:“巴郡、南郡蠻有五(wu)姓(xing):巴氏(shi)、樊氏(shi)、瞫氏(shi)、相氏(shi)、鄭氏(shi)。皆出于武(wu)落鐘(zhong)離山。其山有赤(chi)、黑二穴(xue)(xue)。巴氏(shi)之子(zi)生(sheng)于赤(chi)穴(xue)(xue);四(si)姓(xing)皆生(sheng)于黑穴(xue)(xue)。”
2、《姓氏考(kao)略》亦注:“細(xi)漾切,故(gu)殷城。以地(di)為氏。”相,古地(di)名,故(gu)城在今河南安(an)陽(yang)縣西十五(wu)里,商王河亶甲建(jian)都于此。
3、又注:“相(xiang)土(tu)之(zhi)支(zhi)以為(wei)氏。”清張(zhang)澍云:“(相(xiang))……今分(fen)平、仄(ze)二(er)姓,(仄(ze))相(xiang)宜出相(xiang)土(tu)。”相(xiang)土(tu)乃商(shang)湯(tang)十一(yi)世祖,相(xiang)傳為(wei)馬車的發明者。此以祖輩名字為(wei)氏,系出子姓。
4、土(tu)家族之相姓,分布(bu)于(yu)湖北之利川一帶,乃(nai)歷史(shi)上“巴郡南郡蠻”相姓之后(hou),后(hou)或改(gai)為“向”氏(shi)。一音xiāng,亦現行姓氏(shi)。后(hou)秦有相云,馮(feng)翊(yi)人;明(ming)代有相世芳,詩(shi)人。
相姓起名的基本原則和起名原理
1、相姓用字(zi)(zi)含有(you)2個(ge)讀(du)音,分別是:xiàng、xiāng,起名字(zi)(zi)的(de)時候一定要注意讀(du)音,避免相姓的(de)2個(ge)讀(du)音和名字(zi)(zi)中發音相同(tong)或相似的(de)聲母韻母放(fang)在一起作(zuo)為(wei)名字(zi)(zi),這(zhe)樣讀(du)起來很(hen)拗口,比(bi)如:南(nan)蘭倪(ni)、孫存(cun)春等。
2、相姓相筆(bi)畫有9畫,筆(bi)畫數較(jiao)適中(zhong),名(ming)字中(zhong)可以用(yong)和(he)相筆(bi)畫相近的字為(wei)名(ming)字,這樣比較(jiao)勻稱!
3、相(xiang)(xiang)姓五行屬木,相(xiang)(xiang)姓吉兇寓(yu)意為吉,相(xiang)(xiang)姓寶寶起名字應該從寓(yu)意出發,這樣的孩子在成長的過程中也會(hui)朝著這個方向發展。
4、相姓寶(bao)寶(bao)起名(ming)字(zi)最(zui)好結合(he)孩子的生(sheng)辰(chen)八字(zi),這(zhe)樣起的名(ming)字(zi)更符合(he)五行數理,如需根據生(sheng)辰(chen)八字(zi)免費(fei)起名(ming),可以參考“生(sheng)辰(chen)八字(zi)起名(ming)”。
總而言之,起名的基本原則是:念著好聽、寫著好寫、有意境和寓意、符合五行數理。
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《百(bai)(bai)家姓(xing)》是(shi)一(yi)篇中(zhong)文姓(xing)氏(shi)的(de)文章,據文獻記載,最開始收(shou)集了(le)(le)411個姓(xing)氏(shi)、后(hou)補充道568個,包含單姓(xing)444個,復姓(xing)124個。該文章采用四言體例(li),對姓(xing)氏(shi)進行了(le)(le)整齊的(de)排列(lie),每一(yi)句(ju)都押韻,并(bing)非按人口多少排列(lie),盡管百(bai)(bai)家姓(xing)內(nei)容沒(mei)有文理,但是(shi)對于(yu)中(zhong)國的(de)姓(xing)氏(shi)文化(hua)的(de)認識有很大作用,所以才會(hui)流(liu)傳成百(bai)(bai)上千(qian)年(nian)。《百(bai)(bai)家姓(xing)》與《三字經》、《千(qian)字文》并(bing)稱“三百(bai)(bai)千(qian)”,是(shi)我(wo)國古代幼(you)兒的(de)啟(qi)蒙(meng)讀物。