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補骨脂圖譜(云南白藥配方保密多久了?)

醫案日記 2023-06-16 06:06:57

補骨脂圖譜(pu)

【藥名】:補骨脂

【拼音】:BUGUZHI【英(ying)文名】:Malaytea Scurfpea

Fruit【來源】:為雙(shuang)子葉(xie)植物藥(yao)(yao)豆科植物補(bu)骨脂的果實。【功效】:補(bu)腎助陽。【主治】:治腎虛(xu)(xu)冷(leng)瀉,遺尿(niao),滑精,小便(bian)(bian)頻數,陽痿,腰膝冷(leng)痛,虛(xu)(xu)寒喘嗽。外用(yong)(yong)治白(bai)癜風。【性味(wei)歸經(jing)(jing)】:辛(xin)(xin),溫。①《雷公炮炙論(lun)》:“性毒。”②《藥(yao)(yao)性論(lun)》:“味(wei)苦辛(xin)(xin)。”③《開寶本(ben)草》:“味(wei)辛(xin)(xin),大溫,無毒。”④《現代實用(yong)(yong)中藥(yao)(yao)》:“味(wei)辛(xin)(xin)苦而(er)甘(gan)。”入(ru)腎經(jing)(jing)。①《雷公炮制藥(yao)(yao)性解》:“入(ru)腎經(jing)(jing)。”②《本(ben)草匯言》:“入(ru)手厥(jue)陰(yin)、足(zu)太陰(yin)及命(ming)門諸(zhu)經(jing)(jing)。”③《本(ben)草經(jing)(jing)解》:“入(ru)足(zu)陽明胃(wei)經(jing)(jing)。手太陰(yin)肺經(jing)(jing)、足(zu)少(shao)(shao)陰(yin)腎經(jing)(jing)。”④《本(ben)草撮要(yao)》:“入(ru)足(zu)少(shao)(shao)陰(yin)、厥(jue)陰(yin)經(jing)(jing)。”【用(yong)(yong)法(fa)用(yong)(yong)量】:內(nei)服(fu):煎湯,1.5~3錢(qian);或入(ru)丸、散。外用(yong)(yong):研末擦或酒浸搽。【用(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)忌宜】:陰(yin)虛(xu)(xu)火旺者(zhe)忌服(fu)。《本(ben)草經(jing)(jing)疏》:“凡病(bing)陰(yin)虛(xu)(xu)火動,夢遺,尿(niao)血,小便(bian)(bian)短澀及目(mu)亦口苦舌干,大便(bian)(bian)燥結,內(nei)熱(re)作(zuo)渴,火升(sheng)目(mu)赤,易饑嘈雜,濕熱(re)成痿,以致骨乏無力者(zhe),皆不宜服(fu)。《得配本(ben)草》:“陰(yin)虛(xu)(xu)下(xia)陷,內(nei)熱(re)煩渴,眩暈氣虛(xu)(xu),懷孕心(xin)胞(bao)熱(re),二(er)便(bian)(bian)結者(zhe)禁(jin)用(yong)(yong)。”

【藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)配伍】:①《海藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)本(ben)草(cao)》:“惡甘草(cao)。”②《綱目》:“忌諸血,得胡桃(tao)、胡麻良(liang)。”配菟(tu)絲子(zi)(zi):溫而(er)不燥,陰陽(yang)雙補(bu)。配沒藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、乳香(xiang):壯陽(yang)補(bu)虛、活血散瘀。配茴香(xiang)、肉桂:補(bu)中有(you)瀉、溫陽(yang)散寒、暢行(xing)氣(qi)血。【別(bie)名】:胡韭(jiu)子(zi)(zi)(徐表(biao)《南(nan)州記》)、婆固脂(zhi)、破(po)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)紙(zhi)(《藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)性論》)、補(bu)骨(gu)鴟(《本(ben)草(cao)圖(tu)經》)、黑(hei)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)、胡故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)(《中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)志》)、吉固子(zi)(zi)(《江西中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)》)【處(chu)方名】:補(bu)骨(gu)脂(zhi)、故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)、故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)、故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)紙(zhi)、破(po)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)紙(zhi)、生(sheng)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)、鹽故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)、炒故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)處(chu)方中寫補(bu)骨(gu)脂(zhi)、故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)、故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)、故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)紙(zhi)、破(po)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)紙(zhi)、破(po)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)均指(zhi)生(sheng)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)。為(wei)原藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)去雜質(zhi)生(sheng)用(yong)(yong)入(ru)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(用(yong)(yong)時搗碎)者(zhe)。炒故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)為(wei)凈(jing)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)文火(huo)炒至微黃,有(you)香(xiang)氣(qi),微見迸裂而(er)后入(ru)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)者(zhe)。緩其苦燥減(jian)其辛竄,增強(qiang)溫陽(yang)止瀉功效。鹽故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi)又名鹽水(shui)炒補(bu)骨(gu)脂(zhi)。為(wei)凈(jing)補(bu)骨(gu)脂(zhi)用(yong)(yong)鹽水(shui)拌勻,待吸盡,再用(yong)(yong)文火(huo)炒干入(ru)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)者(zhe)。引藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)下(xia)行(xing),增強(qiang)補(bu)腎效力。【商品名】:補(bu)骨(gu)脂(zhi)、破(po)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子(zi)(zi),以粒(li)籽飽滿、干燥無(wu)雜質(zhi)者(zhe)為(wei)佳(jia)。【動(dong)植物(wu)資(zi)源分(fen)布(bu)】:分(fen)布(bu)河南(nan)、安徽、廣東、陜西、山西、江西、四川、云南(nan)、貴州等地。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材主產(chan)四川、河南(nan)、陜西、安徽等地。【藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材的采收與(yu)儲(chu)藏(zang)】:秋季果(guo)實成熟時,采取果(guo)穗(sui),曬(shai)干,打下(xia)果(guo)實,除去雜質(zhi)。【拉(la)丁名】:藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材Fructus Psoraleae原植物(wu)Psoralea

corylifolia

L【炮制方法】:補(bu)骨(gu)脂(zhi):簸凈(jing)雜質(zhi),洗凈(jing),曬干。鹽(yan)補(bu)骨(gu)脂(zhi):取(qu)凈(jing)補(bu)骨(gu)脂(zhi)用(yong)鹽(yan)水(shui)拌勻(yun),微(wei)(wei)潤,置鍋內(nei)用(yong)文火炒至(zhi)微(wei)(wei)鼓起,取(qu)出(chu),晾干。(每(mei)補(bu)骨(gu)脂(zhi)100斤,用(yong)鹽(yan)2斤8兩(liang),加(jia)適量開水(shui)化(hua)開澄清) ①《雷公炮炙(zhi)論》:“凡使補(bu)骨(gu)脂(zhi),用(yong)酒浸(jin)一宿后(hou),漉出(chu),卻用(yong)東流水(shui)浸(jin)三日(ri)夜,從已至(zhi)申出(chu),日(ri)干用(yong)。”②《日(ri)華子本草》:“補(bu)骨(gu)脂(zhi),入藥(yao)微(wei)(wei)炒用(yong)。”【考 證(zheng)】:出(chu)自《雷公炮炙(zhi)論》。【生(sheng)藥(yao)材(cai)鑒(jian)定】:干燥果(guo)實(shi)(shi)呈扁(bian)橢圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)或略(lve)似腎形(xing)(xing),長(chang)3~5毫(hao)米,直(zhi)徑(jing)2~4毫(hao)米,厚(hou)約1.5毫(hao)米,中央微(wei)(wei)凹,表面黑(hei)棕色,粗糙(cao),具(ju)細微(wei)(wei)網狀皺(zhou)紋及細密(mi)腺點,少(shao)數果(guo)實(shi)(shi)外有(you)淡灰(hui)棕色的(de)宿萼。果(guo)皮(pi)薄,與種皮(pi)不易分離(li)。剝開后(hou)內(nei)有(you)種仁1枚,具(ju)子葉2片,淡棕色至(zhi)淡黃棕色,富含油脂(zhi)。氣(qi)微(wei)(wei)香,味苦。以粒(li)大、色黑(hei)、飽滿、堅實(shi)(shi)、無雜質(zhi)者為佳。顯微(wei)(wei)鑒(jian)定:

粉(fen)末:灰黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)。①種(zhong)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)表皮(pi)(pi)(pi)柵狀(zhuang)(zhuang)細(xi)(xi)胞斷面(mian)(mian)(mian)觀(guan)(guan)徑向(xiang)34~66μm,切(qie)向(xiang)7~14μm,側(ce)(ce)壁(bi)上(shang)部較(jiao)厚(hou),下部漸薄(bo)(bo)(bo),內(nei)(nei)壁(bi)薄(bo)(bo)(bo),光輝帶位于(yu)上(shang)側(ce)(ce);頂面(mian)(mian)(mian)觀(guan)(guan)多角形(xing),胞腔(qiang)極小(xiao),孔溝(gou)細(xi)(xi)而清晰(xi);底面(mian)(mian)(mian)觀(guan)(guan)類多角形(xing)或類圓(yuan)形(xing),壁(bi)薄(bo)(bo)(bo),胞腔(qiang)內(nei)(nei)含(han)(han)(han)(han)紅(hong)棕色(se)(se)(se)物(wu)。②種(zhong)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)支持細(xi)(xi)胞斷面(mian)(mian)(mian)觀(guan)(guan)啞鈴狀(zhuang)(zhuang),長(chang)26~51μm,上(shang)端(duan)較(jiao)寬大(da)(da),側(ce)(ce)壁(bi)中(zhong)(zhong)部厚(hou)2~5μm;表面(mian)(mian)(mian)觀(guan)(guan)類圓(yuan)形(xing),可見環狀(zhuang)(zhuang)增厚(hou)壁(bi)(側(ce)(ce)壁(bi)增厚(hou)部分)。③果(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)表皮(pi)(pi)(pi)細(xi)(xi)胞壁(bi)皺縮,細(xi)(xi)胞界(jie)限(xian)(xian)不(bu)(bu)清,表面(mian)(mian)(mian)觀(guan)(guan)可見密(mi)集的(de)大(da)(da)的(de)內(nei)(nei)生(sheng)(sheng)腺體(ti)及少數(shu)小(xiao)腺毛。氣孔小(xiao),退(tui)化(hua)(hua)。 ④內(nei)(nei)生(sheng)(sheng)腺體(ti)自(zi)果(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)表皮(pi)(pi)(pi)向(xiang)內(nei)(nei)著(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng),形(xing)大(da)(da),常破碎。完整者(zhe)斷面(mian)(mian)(mian)觀(guan)(guan)略呈半球形(xing),由十數(shu)個至數(shu)十個縱向(xiang)延長(chang)細(xi)(xi)胞放射(she)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)排列而成,表面(mian)(mian)(mian)觀(guan)(guan)類圓(yuan)形(xing),中(zhong)(zhong)央由多數(shu)多角形(xing)表皮(pi)(pi)(pi)細(xi)(xi)胞集成類圓(yuan)形(xing)細(xi)(xi)胞群(腺體(ti)基部)。⑤小(xiao)腺毛頭(tou)部4~5細(xi)(xi)胞,有(you)的(de)細(xi)(xi)胞界(jie)限(xian)(xian)不(bu)(bu)明顯(xian),直徑10~32μm;無柄。⑥草酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鈣方(fang)晶成片(pian)存(cun)在于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)碎片(pian)中(zhong)(zhong)。 本品(pin)以(yi)粒大(da)(da)、飽滿(man)、堅實(shi)、色(se)(se)(se)黑褐(he)者(zhe)為佳。有(you)報道,用雙(shuang)波長(chang)薄(bo)(bo)(bo)層掃描法測定,補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)素(su)(su)含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)為 0.341%,異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素(su)(su)含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)為 0.339%。【中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)化(hua)(hua)學成分】:果(guo)實(shi)含(han)(han)(han)(han)揮發(fa)油約(yue)20%、有(you)機酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan) C40 H45 O10 、一(yi)種(zhong)甲(jia)(jia)基糖(tang)甙、堿(jian)(jian)溶(rong)(rong)性樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、不(bu)(bu)揮發(fa)性萜(tie)類油 、皂甙 。種(zhong)子(zi)含(han)(han)(han)(han)香(xiang)豆(dou)精類補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素(su)(su)(Psoralen)和(he)(he)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素(su)(su)(Iso-psoralen, Angelicin)共約(yue)1.1% 、黃(huang)酮(tong)(tong)類補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黃(huang)酮(tong)(tong)(Bavachin)、甲(jia)(jia)基補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黃(huang)酮(tong)(tong)(Bavachinin)、異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黃(huang)酮(tong)(tong)(Isobavachin)和(he)(he)查(cha)(cha)耳酮(tong)(tong)類補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)查(cha)(cha)耳酮(tong)(tong)(Bavachal-cone)、異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)查(cha)(cha)耳酮(tong)(tong)(Isobavachalcone)、單萜(tie)烯(xi)酚(fen)衍生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)酚(fen)(Bakuchiol)尚含(han)(han)(han)(han)揮發(fa)油、樹脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪油。花含(han)(han)(han)(han)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪油、揮發(fa)油、甾醇(chun)、生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)堿(jian)(jian)等。本植物(wu)還含(han)(han)(han)(han)棉子(zi)糖(tang)(Raffinose)。果(guo)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)含(han)(han)(han)(han)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)里(li)定。 主(zhu)含(han)(han)(han)(han)香(xiang)豆(dou)素(su)(su)衍生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu):補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內(nei)(nei)酯(psoralen)、異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內(nei)(nei)酯(白(bai)(bai)芷素(su)(su),isopsoralen,angelicin)及其甙、補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素(su)(su)(psoralidin,6-isoqententlcoumestrol),另(ling)含(han)(han)(han)(han)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、雙(shuang)羥(qian)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素(su)(su)及8-甲(jia)(jia)氧(yang)(yang)基補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素(su)(su)。并(bing)謂含(han)(han)(han)(han)環氧(yang)(yang)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素(su)(su)(psoralidin- 2’,3’-oaide)。黃(huang)酮(tong)(tong)類化(hua)(hua)全物(wu):補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甲(jia)(jia)素(su)(su)(coryfolim,barachin)、補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)(su) (corylifolinin,isobavachalcone)、補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甲(jia)(jia)素(su)(su)甲(jia)(jia)醚(mi) (bavachinin)、異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甲(jia)(jia)素(su)(su) (isobavachin)、補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)(su)甲(jia)(jia)醚(mi)(bavachalcone)、新(xin)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黃(huang)酮(tong)(tong)(neobavaislfoavone)、補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色(se)(se)(se)烯(xi)素(su)(su)(bavachromene)及補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寧(ning)素(su)(su)(corylin)。尚含(han)(han)(han)(han)巴庫查(cha)(cha)耳酮(tong)(tong)(bakrchalcone)及異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)新(xin)巴法查(cha)(cha)耳酮(tong)(tong) (isoneobavachalcone),以(yi)及補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黃(huang)酮(tong)(tong)醛(quan)、補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黃(huang)酮(tong)(tong)醇(chun)等。此外,含(han)(han)(han)(han)有(you)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)醛(quan)(psoraldehyde)、d-補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)酚(fen)(d-backrchiol)、揮發(fa)油、皂甙。種(zhong)子(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)還分得bavacoumestan A,B。【中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)化(hua)(hua)學鑒定】:(1)取本品(pin)粉(fen)末0.5g,加(jia)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)醇(chun)5ml,溫浸30min,濾(lv)過,取濾(lv)液(ye)(ye)1ml,加(jia)新(xin)配制的(de)7% 鹽酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)羥(qian)胺(an)甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)2~3滴(di),20%氫(qing)(qing)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)鉀(jia)甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)2滴(di),水浴加(jia)熱1~2min,加(jia)10%鹽酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)至呈酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性,再加(jia)入1%三氯(lv)化(hua)(hua)鐵乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)醇(chun)液(ye)(ye)1~2滴(di),溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)顯(xian)紅(hong)色(se)(se)(se)。(檢查(cha)(cha)香(xiang)豆(dou)素(su)(su))(2)薄(bo)(bo)(bo)層層析:取本品(pin)粉(fen)末0.5g,加(jia)醋 酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)酯20ml,超聲處理15min,濾(lv)過濾(lv)液(ye)(ye)蒸(zheng)干,殘渣加(jia)醋酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)酯1ml溶(rong)(rong)解,作為供(gong)試液(ye)(ye);另(ling)取補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素(su)(su)、異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)素(su)(su),加(jia)醋酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)酯制成每項1ml 各含(han)(han)(han)(han)2mg的(de)混(hun)合溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye),作為對照品(pin)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)。吸取上(shang)述兩(liang)種(zhong)子(zi)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)各2~4 μl,分別(bie)點于(yu)周(zhou)一(yi)硅膠G薄(bo)(bo)(bo)層板上(shang),以(yi)正己烷-醋酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(8:2)展開,取出(chu)晾干,噴(pen)以(yi)10%氫(qing)(qing)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)鉀(jia)甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye),置紫外燈(365nm)下檢視,供(gong)試品(pin)色(se)(se)(se)譜中(zhong)(zhong),在與對照品(pin)色(se)(se)(se)譜相應的(de)位置上(shang),顯(xian)相同的(de)兩(liang)個藍白(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)(se)熒(ying)光斑點。

云南(nan)白藥配方保密多久了(le)?

中國中藥四大保密配(pei)方:

1、龜齡集,山西太谷,山西廣譽遠國藥有限公司。

2、云南白藥,云(yun)南(nan)昆明,云(yun)南(nan)白藥(yao)集團股份有限公司。

3、片仔癀,福建漳(zhang)州,漳(zhang)州片仔癀藥(yao)業股份有限公司(si)。

4、六神丸,江蘇(su)蘇(su)州,上海(hai)雷(lei)允上藥業有限公司。注:成(cheng)分公開配(pei)方保密(mi)。

1、龜齡集【處方】本(ben)品為人參、鹿(lu)茸、海(hai)馬、枸杞(qi)子、丁香

雀腦、牛膝(xi)、鎖(suo)陽、熟地黃、補骨脂、菟絲(si)子、杜仲、石燕、肉蓯(cong)蓉(rong)、甘(gan)草、天冬、淫羊藿、大青鹽、砂仁等藥(yao)味(wei)經加工制成的(de)膠(jiao)囊。

2、云南白藥的配(pei)方(fang)和制(zhi)法從不(bu)外傳,1955年繆(mou)蘭瑛(ying)將(jiang)配(pei)方(fang)獻給中(zhong)華人民共和國(guo)中(zhong)央人民政府,之后(hou)一直在(zai)中(zhong)華人民共和國(guo)衛(wei)生部絕密為(wei)其保存。此后(hou)一些書(shu)籍和雜志上出現過(guo)關于(yu)云南白藥的配(pei)方(fang)和制(zhi)法,但(dan)生產者聲稱“均(jun)不(bu)正確”。

關(guan)于云南(nan)白藥(yao)的(de)原植(zhi)物考證與鑒定及其化(hua)學成分(fen)(fen)的(de)分(fen)(fen)離(li)和結(jie)構(gou)鑒定一直引起各(ge)國(guo)科學家的(de)關(guan)注(zhu),也用(yong)過各(ge)種現代分(fen)(fen)析(xi)方(fang)法進行過解(jie)析(xi)。用(yong)發射分(fen)(fen)光計分(fen)(fen)析(xi)出(chu)云南(nan)白藥(yao)中有鈣、磷元(yuan)素存(cun)在。

用(yong)光(guang)譜分析時(shi),未見紫外吸收;紅外吸收光(guang)譜呈現出(chu)與葛根(gen)淀粉(fen)相近的圖譜,可推斷(duan)為(wei)同一物,在用(yong)薄層色(se)(se)譜點樣分析后(hou)也得到相同結(jie)論,由此(ci)推斷(duan)云南白藥可能是用(yong)葛根(gen)淀粉(fen)做賦(fu)形劑。用(yong)超臨(lin)界流體(ti)色(se)(se)譜法測(ce)定出(chu)云南白藥中(zhong)含有人(ren)參(can)二醇、人(ren)參(can)三醇等物質。

以上內容(rong)參(can)考(kao) ?龜(gui)齡集、 ?云南白藥

中(zhong)藥(yao)圖譜大全(quan):北沙(sha)參圖譜

【藥 名】:北沙參

【拼 音】:beishashen

【英文名】:coastalglehnia root

【來 源】:為雙子葉植物藥傘形科植物珊瑚菜的根。

【功 效】:養陰清肺,祛痰止咳。

【主 治】:治肺熱燥咳,虛癆久咳,陰傷咽干、口渴。

【性味歸經】:甘苦淡,涼。

入肺、胃、脾經。①《得配本草》:“入手太陰經。”②《本草撮要》:“入手、足太陰經。”

【用法用量】:內服:煎湯,3~5錢;亦可熬膏或入丸劑。

【用藥忌宜】:風寒作嗽及肺胃虛寒者忌服。

【藥物配伍】:《本草從新》:“惡防己。反藜蘆。”配麥冬:滋陰清熱,潤肺止咳。配阿膠:養陰清肺、涼血止血。配烏梅:養陰生津,安心寧神。

【別 名】:海沙參、銀條參、萊陽參(《江蘇植藥志》)、遼沙參(《中藥志》)、野香菜根(《中藥材手冊》)、真北沙參(《衛生易簡方》)、珊瑚菜(《江淮雜記》),又名:濱防風

【處方名】:遼沙參、沙參、北沙參、白沙參、解沙參、炒北沙參、炙北沙參、北條參、條參

【動植物資源分布】:分布遼寧、河北、山東、江蘇、浙江、廣東、福建、中國臺灣等地。藥材主產山東、河北、遼寧、江蘇等地。

【藥材的采收與儲藏】:7~8月或9月下旬采挖。

【拉丁名】:藥材radix glehniae 原植物glehnialittoralisf.schmidtex miq.

【炮制方法】:除去地上莖及須根,洗凈泥土,放開水中燙后剝去外皮,曬干或烘干。揀去雜質,除去莖基,用水略洗,撈出,稍潤,切段,曬干。

【考 證】:出自《本草匯言》。

【生藥材鑒定】:干燥根呈細圓柱形或直條狀,兩頭較細,很少有分歧,長15~30厘米,直徑3~8毫米。外表淡黃色,粗糙,具縱紋及未除盡的棕黃色栓皮,并有棕色點狀的支根痕跡,頂端往往殘留圓柱狀的根莖。質硬而脆,易折斷。斷面不整齊,淡黃色,中央有黃色放射狀的木質部,形成層呈圓環狀,深褐色。氣微,味甘。以根條細長、均勻色白、質堅實者佳。主產山東、河北、遼寧、江蘇等地。顯微鑒定:根橫切面:未去皮者木栓層厚2-11列細胞。皮層厚2-13細胞;分泌道扁圓形,有的2個分泌道并列或中間溶合成一體。韌皮部寬廣;分泌道略成環狀排列,類圓形,直徑24-135μm,分泌細胞4-10個;韌皮射線向外漸擴大成喇叭狀,并向同一側彎曲,多破裂而成較大裂隙。莆成層環明顯。木質部導管數個相連或單個散在,多角形,直徑15-109μm;木射線寬1-3列細胞。本品薄壁細胞含淀粉粒,已糊化。粉末:黃白色。①網紋導管直徑17-86μm,網孔長而寬。②分泌道多碎斷,分泌細胞及分泌道中含黃色分泌物,有的可見節條狀金黃色分泌物,直徑約至69μm。③含糊化淀粉粒細胞呈不規則塊狀。未加工的可見淀粉粒單粒圓形或類圓形,直徑2-22μm,臍點明顯,點狀。此外,有木栓細胞、射線細胞等。

【中藥化學(xue)成(cheng)分】:根(gen)(gen)的全草含(han)生物堿、豐(feng)富的淀粉(fen)。根(gen)(gen)并含(han)有三萜酸(suan)(suan)、豆(dou)(dou)巢醇、b-谷甾醇、生物堿和淀粉(fen)。果實含(han)珊(shan)瑚菜素(su)(su)(su)(phellopterin)。c17h16o5為5-甲(jia)氧基(ji)歐(ou)芹(qin)屬素(su)(su)(su)乙,脂(zhi)肪油(you)含(han)巖(yan)芹(qin)酸(suan)(suan)(petroselidinec)、棕櫚酸(suan)(suan)、大量亞油(you)酸(suan)(suan)和微量巖(yan)芹(qin)二(er)酸(suan)(suan)(petroselidinec acid) 所組成(cheng)。根(gen)(gen)和根(gen)(gen)莖含(han)香豆(dou)(dou)素(su)(su)(su)類化合(he)物補骨脂(zhi)素(su)(su)(su)(psoralen)香柑(gan)內(nei)酯(zhi)(bergapten)花椒毒素(su)(su)(su)(xanthotoxin)、異歐(ou)前(qian)胡素(su)(su)(su)(isoimperatorin)、歐(ou)前(qian)胡素(su)(su)(su)(imperatorin)、8-牻牛兒(er)基(ji)氧化補骨脂(zhi)素(su)(su)(su)(8-geranyloxypxoralen)、蛇床夫內(nei)酯(zhi)(cnidilin)、花椒毒醇(xanthotoxol)、別歐(ou)前(qian)胡素(su)(su)(su)(alloimperatorin)、8-(1,1-二(er)甲(jia)烯丙(bing)基(ji))-5-羥基(ji)補骨脂(zhi)素(su)(su)(su)[8-(1,1- dimethylallyl)-5-hydroxypsoralen]、異紫花肖胡內(nei)酯(zhi)(marmesin)、東莨(lang)菪(dang)素(su)(su)(su)(scopoletin)、7-o-(3,3-二(er)甲(jia)烯丙(bing)基(ji))-東莨(lang)菪(dang)素(su)(su)(su)[7-o-(3,3-dimethylallyl)- scopoletin]和歐(ou)芹(qin)酚-7-o-β-龍膽二(er)糖甙(osthenol-7-o-β-gentiobioside)。另據報道含(han)揮發油(you)、氨基(ji)酸(suan)(suan)及多糖。

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