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健脾溫腎湯

醫案日記 2023-06-15 07:15:15

組成:黨參(can)15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),生(sheng)黃芪15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),仙(xian)茅10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),仙(xian)靈脾15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),狗(gou)脊15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),川牛膝10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),茯(fu)苓15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),菟絲子15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),補骨脂10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),鹿(lu)角霜(shuang)10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),車前子15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(包煎),砂蔻(kou)仁各10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。

功(gong)能:健脾利濕,溫(wen)補腎(shen)陽(yang)。

主治:慢性(xing)腎(shen)小球(qiu)腎(shen)炎、腎(shen)病綜合征水腫(zhong)消退(tui)后,蛋白尿長期不消,同時有畏寒肢冷,腰(yao)脊冷痛,氣短乏力,納差(cha)腹脹,下肢發沉(chen)或(huo)稍腫(zhong),大(da)便(bian)溏(tang)泄,小便(bian)清長,舌體(ti)胖大(da)質(zhi)淡嫩有齒痕、脈象(xiang)沉(chen)弱等,中(zhong)醫(yi)辨證(zheng)屬脾腎(shen)陽(yang)虛(xu)者。

用(yong)法:先將(jiang)藥物用(yong)冷水浸泡(pao)半小時,浸透后煎(jian)(jian)煮。第(di)(di)一次(ci)煎(jian)(jian)沸(fei)后用(yong)小火煎(jian)(jian)30分(fen)鐘(zhong),第(di)(di)二(er)次(ci)煎(jian)(jian)沸(fei)后用(yong)小火煎(jian)(jian)20分(fen)鐘(zhong)(如(ru)加用(yong)生(sheng)地(di)、丹(dan)皮者,第(di)(di)一次(ci)煎(jian)(jian)沸(fei)后用(yong)小火煎(jian)(jian)40分(fen)鐘(zhong),第(di)(di)二(er)次(ci)煎(jian)(jian)沸(fei)后用(yong)小火煎(jian)(jian)30分(fen)鐘(zhong)),煎(jian)(jian)好后兩次(ci)藥液混(hun)合,分(fen)兩次(ci)服,總量約200-300毫升即可(ke),每(mei)日(ri)一劑。

加(jia)減運用:畏(wei)寒甚者(zhe)(zhe),可加(jia)制(zhi)附片10克(ke)(ke)(ke)、桂(gui)枝10克(ke)(ke)(ke);乏力氣短甚者(zhe)(zhe),參(can)(can)、芪可加(jia)至(zhi)30克(ke)(ke)(ke),或加(jia)紅(hong)參(can)(can)6克(ke)(ke)(ke)(另煎兌(dui)入)。水腫明顯(xian)者(zhe)(zhe),加(jia)防己(ji)30克(ke)(ke)(ke)、制(zhi)附片15克(ke)(ke)(ke);大便溏瀉(xie)較著者(zhe)(zhe),加(jia)肉豆(dou)蔻10克(ke)(ke)(ke)、五味子10克(ke)(ke)(ke);小便清長明顯(xian)者(zhe)(zhe),加(jia)復盆子15克(ke)(ke)(ke);有瘀血(xue)加(jia)丹參(can)(can)30克(ke)(ke)(ke)、澤蘭10克(ke)(ke)(ke)。

體會:脾(pi)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)虛(xu)(xu)在(zai)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)病綜合(he)征有(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)腫時比(bi)較(jiao)多(duo)見,治宜溫陽(yang)(yang)利水(shui)(shui)。水(shui)(shui)腫消(xiao)退(tui)后(hou)有(you)(you)的病人仍(reng)有(you)(you)脾(pi)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)虛(xu)(xu)見證,故可(ke)(ke)用(yong)本方(fang)治療(liao)。如(ru)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)病綜合(he)征用(yong)激素者,多(duo)見化熱,但在(zai)激素減量后(hou)期(qi),亦(yi)可(ke)(ke)出現脾(pi)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)虛(xu)(xu)表(biao)現,也宜用(yong)本方(fang)。至于慢(man)性腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)小球腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)炎(yan)無(wu)水(shui)(shui)腫而(er)屬脾(pi)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)虛(xu)(xu)者比(bi)較(jiao)少見,亦(yi)用(yong)是(shi)方(fang)。脾(pi)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)氣(qi)虛(xu)(xu)與脾(pi)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)虛(xu)(xu)有(you)(you)一定的內(nei)在(zai)聯(lian)系(xi),脾(pi)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)氣(qi)虛(xu)(xu)進一步發展(zhan)則(ze)可(ke)(ke)轉(zhuan)變(bian)為脾(pi)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)陽(yang)(yang)虛(xu)(xu)。本方(fang)以參、芪、茯苓(ling)、砂蔻仁、車前健(jian)脾(pi)滲(shen)濕;二仙、菟絲、補骨脂、鹿角霜溫腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)固澀;狗脊(ji)、牛膝(xi)強腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)壯腰膝(xi),共奏健(jian)脾(pi)溫腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之效。

典型(xing)病(bing)例:張某,男,18歲,門(men)診病(bing)例。腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)病(bing)綜合(he)征已(yi)2年,激(ji)素完(wan)全(quan)撤(che)除已(yi)半年,目(mu)前尿(niao)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(++++),鏡(jing)(jing)檢:白(bai)(bai)(bai)細胞0~l,紅細胞0~l,顆粒管型(xing)0~1,自覺畏(wei)寒股冷(leng),全(quan)身乏力(li),腰(yao)酸(suan)腰(yao)痛,下肢(zhi)(zhi)稍腫(zhong),大(da)便(bian)稀(xi)清,小(xiao)便(bian)色清,舌(she)體(ti)胖大(da)質(zhi)淡有(you)(you)齒痕(hen),脈象沉(chen)弱(ruo),中醫辨(bian)證(zheng)屬脾(pi)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)陽虛,于健脾(pi)溫腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)湯加制附(fu)片10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、防(fang)己15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。2周(zhou)后下肢(zhi)(zhi)浮(fu)腫(zhong)消(xiao)退,畏(wei)寒肢(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)減輕,尿(niao)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)仍為(++++),鏡(jing)(jing)檢:紅、白(bai)(bai)(bai)細胞仍為0~l,白(bai)(bai)(bai)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)/球蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)=1.8/2.1,仍按(an)健脾(pi)溫腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)湯治(zhi)(zhi)療,并加肉豆蔻10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、五味(wei)子10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。又服2周(zhou),大(da)便(bian)稀(xi)溏(tang)好轉,有(you)(you)時成形,有(you)(you)時不成形。尿(niao)檢查:蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(+++),鏡(jing)(jing)檢(-)。患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)因回河(he)南(nan)老家(jia),乃囑用(yong)黃芪30克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)煎水,送服金匱(kui)腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)氣丸,每次1丸,日3次。2個月后患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)從(cong)河(he)南(nan)來京,要求仍服湯藥(yao)治(zhi)(zhi)療。由于患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)一直有(you)(you)畏(wei)寒肢(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng),腰(yao)酸(suan)乏力(li),大(da)便(bian)已(yi)正常,尿(niao)仍清長,脈仍沉(chen)弱(ruo),舌(she)體(ti)胖大(da)質(zhi)淡而嫩,故繼續用(yong)健脾(pi)溫腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)湯治(zhi)(zhi)療約(yue)月余,尿(niao)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(+)~(++),鏡(jing)(jing)檢(-),白(bai)(bai)(bai)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)/球蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)2.6/2.2,患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)畏(wei)寒消(xiao)失,但四(si)肢(zhi)(zhi)不溫,故仍以健脾(pi)溫腎(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)湯調治(zhi)(zhi)月余,尿(niao)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)微量(liang)。

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