【藥名】：玉竹

【拼(pin)音】：YUZHU

【英文(wen)名(ming)】：Fragrant Solomonseal Rhizome

【來源】：為雙子葉(xie)植物藥百合科植物玉(yu)竹的根莖。

【功效(xiao)】：養(yang)陰，潤燥，除煩，止渴。

【主治(zhi)】：治(zhi)熱病陰(yin)傷(shang)，咳嗽煩渴，虛勞(lao)發熱，消(xiao)谷易饑，小便頻數(shu)。

【性味歸經】：甘，平。①《本經》：“味甘，平。” ②《吳普本草》：“神農：苦(ku)；桐君、雷公、扁鵲：甘(gan)，無毒；辛。” ③《滇(dian)南本草(cao)》：“味甘(gan)微苦(ku)，性平微溫(wen)。” ④《藥材學》：“味甘(gan)，性微寒(han)。” 入肺、胃經(jing)。 ①《滇(dian)南本草(cao)》：入脾。②《本草(cao)通玄》：入腎。

【用法用量】：內服：煎湯(tang)，2～3錢；熬膏或入(ru)丸、散。

【用藥忌宜】：胃有痰濕氣滯者忌服。 ①《本(ben)草崇(chong)原》：“陰(yin)病內寒，此為大忌。” ②《本(ben)草備要》： “畏(wei)咸鹵(lu)。”

【別名】：熒、委(wei)萎(wei)（《爾雅》）、女萎(wei)（《本經(jing)》）、萎(wei)簃（《說文》）、葳蕤、王馬(ma)、節(jie)地、蟲(chong)蟬(chan)、烏萎(wei)（《吳普本草(cao)(cao)》）、青粘、黃芝(zhi)、地節(jie)（《三國志》）、萎(wei)蕤、馬(ma)熏（《別錄》）、女草(cao)(cao)、娃草(cao)(cao)、麗草(cao)(cao)（《西陽雜俎(zu)》）、葳參、玉(yu)術（《滇南本草(cao)(cao)》）、萎(wei)香（《綱目》）、小(xiao)筆管菜（《盛京通志》）、山(shan)玉(yu)竹(zhu)（《鐵(tie)嶺縣志》）、十(shi)樣錯、竹(zhu)七(qi)根、竹(zhu)節(jie)黃、黃腳雞(ji)、百解藥（《貴州民間(jian)方藥集(ji)》）、山(shan)鈴子草(cao)(cao)、鈴鐺菜、燈(deng)籠菜、山(shan)包米（《東(dong)北(bei)藥植志》）、山(shan)姜、黃蔓(man)菁（《山(shan)東(dong)中(zhong)藥》）、蘆莉花(hua)（《黑龍(long)江中(zhong)藥》）、尾參（《湖南藥物志》）、連竹(zhu)、西竹(zhu)（《山(shan)東(dong)中(zhong)藥》）

【處方名】：玉(yu)(yu)竹(zhu)、葳蕤、萎蕤、肥玉(yu)(yu)竹(zhu)、明玉(yu)(yu)竹(zhu)、生玉(yu)(yu)竹(zhu)、蒸玉(yu)(yu)竹(zhu)等

處方(fang)中寫玉(yu)竹(zhu)、葳蕤、萎蕤、肥玉(yu)竹(zhu)、明玉(yu)竹(zhu)均指生玉(yu)竹(zhu)，為原藥材除去須根，洗凈(jing)曬干，切段(duan)生用入藥者。

蒸玉竹又名炙玉竹、制(zhi)玉竹。為(wei)凈玉竹反復蒸悶二三(san)次，至內外呈黑色(se)為(wei)度，然后(hou)切片曬干(gan)入藥者。

【商品(pin)名】：玉竹(zhu)、葳(wei)蕤、萎蕤，以根莖(jing)粗長、肉厚光(guang)潤、色黃(huang)白(bai)、無干姜皮、干燥、不泛油(you)者為佳。

【動植(zhi)物資源分(fen)(fen)布(bu)】：全國(guo)大部(bu)分(fen)(fen)地區有分(fen)(fen)布(bu)，并有栽培(pei)。分(fen)(fen)布(bu)吉林、遼寧等地。

【藥材的采(cai)收(shou)與儲藏】：春、秋二季都可采(cai)挖，除(chu)去莖葉、須根和(he)泥土，晾(liang)曬(shai)至外(wai)表有粘液滲出，輕撞去毛(mao)，分開大小，繼續晾(liang)曬(shai)至微(wei)黃色，進行揉(rou)搓、晾(liang)曬(shai)，如此反復數(shu)次，至柔(rou)潤(run)光亮(liang)、無硬(ying)心，再(zai)曬(shai)至足(zu)干(gan)(gan)。或將鮮玉(yu)竹蒸透后，邊(bian)曬(shai)邊(bian)揉(rou)，至柔(rou)軟而透明時再(zai)曬(shai)干(gan)(gan)。收(shou)貯(zhu)于干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)通(tong)風處，防霉蛀走(zou)油。

【拉丁名(ming)】：藥材Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati原(yuan)植物玉竹(zhu)Polygonatumodoratum （Mill．） Druce var. Plu-riflorum （ Miq． ） Ohwi

【炮制方(fang)法】：玉竹(zhu)：除去雜質(zhi)，洗凈泥土(tu)，悶潤至內外濕度均勻，切片(pian)，曬干(gan)。蒸玉竹(zhu)：取洗凈的玉竹(zhu)，置蒸器內加熱蒸悶2～3次，至內外均呈(cheng)黑色為度，取出，曬至半(ban)干(gan)，切片(pian)，再曬至足干(gan)。

【考 證】：出自《吳(wu)普(pu)本(ben)(ben)草(cao)》；①《雷公(gong)炮炙論》：“凡使（萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)），勿用(yong)(yong)(yong)鉤吻(wen)并黃(huang)(huang)(huang)精(jing)(jing)(jing)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)二物(wu)(wu)(wu)相(xiang)(xiang)似(si)(si)(si)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)，只是(shi)(shi)不(bu)同(tong)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)誤疾人(ren)。萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)節(jie)(jie)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)毛(mao)，莖(jing)斑(ban)，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)尖處有(you)(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)點。”②陶(tao)弘景(jing)(jing)：“《本(ben)(ben)經(jing)(jing)》有(you)(you)(you)(you)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)無(wu)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)，《別(bie)(bie)(bie)錄(lu)(lu)》無(wu)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)，而為(wei)(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)正同(tong)，疑女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)即(ji)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)也(ye)，惟名(ming)(ming)(ming)異爾(er)。今(jin)處處有(you)(you)(you)(you)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)根(gen)(gen)似(si)(si)(si)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)精(jing)(jing)(jing)而小(xiao)異，服(fu)食(shi)家亦(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)。今(jin)市人(ren)別(bie)(bie)(bie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)，根(gen)(gen)形(xing)狀如續(xu)斷，莖(jing)味至苦(ku)，乃(nai)(nai)言是(shi)(shi)女(nv)(nv)(nv)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)根(gen)(gen)，出荊州(zhou)。今(jin)療(liao)下(xia)(xia)痢(li)(li)方(fang)多(duo)(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，而此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)都無(wu)止泄之(zhi)(zhi)說，疑必非(fei)也(ye)。”③《唐(tang)本(ben)(ben)草(cao)》： “女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)功(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)及苗蔓(man)與(yu)(yu)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)全別(bie)(bie)(bie)，列在中品。今(jin)《本(ben)(ben)經(jing)(jing)》朱書是(shi)(shi)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)能效(xiao)，墨字乃(nai)(nai)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)之(zhi)(zhi)效(xiao)，今(jin)以朱書為(wei)(wei)(wei)白字。”④《本(ben)(ben)草(cao)拾遺》：“按女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，蘇（敬）又(you)于中品之(zhi)(zhi)中出之(zhi)(zhi)，云(yun)(yun)(yun)主霍亂泄痢(li)(li)腸鳴，正與(yu)(yu)陶(tao)（弘景(jing)(jing)）注(zhu)上(shang)品女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)相(xiang)(xiang)會，如此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)即(ji)二萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)功(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)同(tong)矣(yi)，非(fei)二物(wu)(wu)(wu)，蘇乃(nai)(nai)剩出一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)。蘇又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)(yu)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)不(bu)同(tong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)玉竹，為(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)似(si)(si)(si)竹，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)地(di)節(jie)(jie)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)節(jie)(jie)。《魏志·樊阿傳》云(yun)(yun)(yun)，青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)粘(zhan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芝(zhi)(zhi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)地(di)節(jie)(jie)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)即(ji)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)，極(ji)似(si)(si)(si)偏(pian)精(jing)(jing)(jing)，本(ben)(ben)功(gong)外，主聰(cong)明(ming)，調血氣，令人(ren)強壯，和漆葉(xie)(xie)(xie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)散，主五藏(zang)益精(jing)(jing)(jing)，去三(san)蟲，潤肌膚，暖(nuan)腰腳，惟有(you)(you)(you)(you)熱(re)(re)不(bu)可(ke)(ke)服(fu)，晉嵇(ji)紹(shao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)胸中寒疹，每(mei)酒后(hou)苦(ku)唾，服(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)得愈，草(cao)似(si)(si)(si)竹，取根(gen)(gen)花葉(xie)(xie)(xie)陰干。”⑤《本(ben)(ben)草(cao)圖經(jing)(jing)》：“萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)，生泰(tai)山(shan)山(shan)谷丘(qiu)陵(ling)，今(jin)滁州(zhou)、舒(shu)州(zhou)及漢中皆(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)。葉(xie)(xie)(xie)狹而長，表白里青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)，亦(yi)(yi)類黃(huang)(huang)(huang)精(jing)(jing)(jing)。莖(jing)于強直似(si)(si)(si)竹箭，干有(you)(you)(you)(you)節(jie)(jie)。根(gen)(gen)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)多(duo)(duo)須(xu)，大如指，長一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、二尺，或云(yun)(yun)(yun)可(ke)(ke)啖。三(san)月開青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)花，結圓實(shi)。立春后(hou)采根(gen)(gen)陰干用(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)。《本(ben)(ben)經(jing)(jing)》與(yu)(yu)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)同(tong)條(tiao)，云(yun)(yun)(yun)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)二名(ming)(ming)(ming)。又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)自是(shi)(shi)二物(wu)(wu)(wu)，苗蔓(man)與(yu)(yu)功(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)全別(bie)(bie)(bie)。《爾(er)雅》謂熒、委(wei)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。郭璞(pu)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)，藥草(cao)也(ye)，亦(yi)(yi)無(wu)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)別(bie)(bie)(bie)名(ming)(ming)(ming)，疑別(bie)(bie)(bie)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)，且《本(ben)(ben)經(jing)(jing)》中品又(you)別(bie)(bie)(bie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)條(tiao)。蘇恭云(yun)(yun)(yun)，即(ji)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，今(jin)《本(ben)(ben)經(jing)(jing)》朱書是(shi)(shi)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)能效(xiao)，黑字是(shi)(shi)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)。觀古方(fang)書所用(yong)(yong)(yong)，則(ze)似(si)(si)(si)差(cha)別(bie)(bie)(bie)。胡洽(qia)治(zhi)(zhi)時氣洞下(xia)(xia)？下(xia)(xia)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丸；治(zhi)(zhi)傷寒冷下(xia)(xia)，結腸丸中用(yong)(yong)(yong)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)；治(zhi)(zhi)虛勞，小(xiao)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)耆酒云(yun)(yun)(yun)，下(xia)(xia)痢(li)(li)者加女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。詳此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數方(fang)所用(yong)(yong)(yong)，乃(nai)(nai)似(si)(si)(si)中品女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，緣其(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)溫，主霍亂、泄痢(li)(li)故(gu)也(ye)。又(you)主賊(zei)風手(shou)足枯(ku)痹，四(si)肢拘攣，茵芋酒中用(yong)(yong)(yong)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)；及《古今(jin)錄(lu)(lu)驗》治(zhi)(zhi)身(shen)體(ti)瘍瘍斑(ban)剝女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)膏，乃(nai)(nai)似(si)(si)(si)朱字女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，緣其(qi)(qi)(qi)主中風不(bu)能動搖，及去？好色故(gu)也(ye)。又(you)治(zhi)(zhi)傷寒七(qi)、八日不(bu)解(jie)，續(xu)命鱉甲(jia)湯，治(zhi)(zhi)腳弱鱉甲(jia)湯并用(yong)(yong)(yong)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)；及《延年》方(fang)主風熱(re)(re)，項(xiang)急痛(tong)，四(si)肢骨(gu)肉(rou)煩熱(re)(re)，萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)飲；又(you)主虛風熱(re)(re)發，即(ji)頭熱(re)(re)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)丸，乃(nai)(nai)似(si)(si)(si)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)黑字女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，緣其(qi)(qi)(qi)主虛熱(re)(re)濕(shi)毒腰痛(tong)故(gu)也(ye)。三(san)者主治(zhi)(zhi)既(ji)別(bie)(bie)(bie)，則(ze)非(fei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)明(ming)矣(yi)。然陳藏(zang)器以為(wei)(wei)(wei)更(geng)非(fei)二物(wu)(wu)(wu)，是(shi)(shi)不(bu)然矣(yi)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)性(xing)平(ping)味甘，中品女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，味辛性(xing)溫，性(xing)味既(ji)殊，安得為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)。又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)地(di)節(jie)(jie)，極(ji)似(si)(si)(si)偏(pian)精(jing)(jing)(jing)，疑即(ji)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)粘(zhan)，華(hua)佗所服(fu)漆葉(xie)(xie)(xie)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)粘(zhan)散是(shi)(shi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)。然世無(wu)復(fu)能辨者，非(fei)敢以為(wei)(wei)(wei)信然耳。”⑥《綱(gang)目》：“《本(ben)(ben)經(jing)(jing)》女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，乃(nai)(nai)《爾(er)雅》委(wei)、萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二字，即(ji)《別(bie)(bie)(bie)錄(lu)(lu)》萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)也(ye)，上(shang)古抄寫訛為(wei)(wei)(wei)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)爾(er)。古方(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)傷寒風虛用(yong)(yong)(yong)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)者，即(ji)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)也(ye)，皆(jie)(jie)承《本(ben)(ben)草(cao)》之(zhi)(zhi)訛而稱之(zhi)(zhi)，諸家不(bu)察，因中品有(you)(you)(you)(you)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，名(ming)(ming)(ming)字相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)，遂致(zhi)費辯如此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。……其(qi)(qi)(qi)治(zhi)(zhi)泄痢(li)(li)女(nv)(nv)(nv)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，乃(nai)(nai)蔓(man)草(cao)也(ye)。”“蘇頌注(zhu)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)精(jing)(jing)(jing)，疑青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)粘(zhan)是(shi)(shi)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)精(jing)(jing)(jing)。今(jin)考黃(huang)(huang)(huang)精(jing)(jing)(jing)、萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)，性(xing)味功(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，大抵(di)相(xiang)(xiang)近，而萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)更(geng)勝，故(gu)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)粘(zhan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)芝(zhi)(zhi)，與(yu)(yu)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)精(jing)(jing)(jing)同(tong)名(ming)(ming)(ming)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)地(di)節(jie)(jie)，與(yu)(yu)萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)同(tong)名(ming)(ming)(ming)，則(ze)二物(wu)(wu)(wu)雖通用(yong)(yong)(yong)亦(yi)(yi)可(ke)(ke)。”“萎(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)，處處山(shan)中有(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)根(gen)(gen)橫生如黃(huang)(huang)(huang)精(jing)(jing)(jing)，差(cha)小(xiao)，黃(huang)(huang)(huang)白色，性(xing)柔多(duo)(duo)須(xu)，最難燥。其(qi)(qi)(qi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)如竹，兩兩相(xiang)(xiang)值(zhi)，亦(yi)(yi)可(ke)(ke)采根(gen)(gen)種之(zhi)(zhi)，極(ji)易繁(fan)也(ye)。嫩(nen)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)及根(gen)(gen)，并可(ke)(ke)煮淘食(shi)茹。”

【生(sheng)(sheng)藥(yao)(yao)材(cai)鑒定】：干燥(zao)(zao)根莖(jing)，呈(cheng)細(xi)(xi)長(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)柱形(xing)或(huo)略(lve)扁(bian)，多(duo)(duo)不(bu)(bu)分(fen)枝，長(chang)(chang)5～15厘(li)米(mi)，直(zhi)(zhi)徑0．5～l厘(li)米(mi)，表面淡黃(huang)(huang)(huang)色或(huo)淡黃(huang)(huang)(huang)棕色，半透明，稍粗糙(cao)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)細(xi)(xi)縱(zong)(zong)皺紋，節(jie)(jie)明顯(xian)(xian)，呈(cheng)稍隆起的(de)(de)波狀(zhuang)環，節(jie)(jie)問長(chang)(chang)度多(duo)(duo)數(shu)(shu)在1厘(li)米(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)，節(jie)(jie)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)多(duo)(duo)數(shu)(shu)不(bu)(bu)規則(ze)(ze)散(san)在的(de)(de)細(xi)(xi)根痕，較大(da)的(de)(de)根痕呈(cheng)疣(you)狀(zhuang)突起，有(you)(you)(you)(you)時(shi)可(ke)見(jian)圓(yuan)盤(pan)狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)地上(shang)莖(jing)痕跡。干燥(zao)(zao)者(zhe)質堅(jian)硬，角(jiao)質樣而(er)(er)(er)(er)脆，受潮則(ze)(ze)變(bian)柔(rou)(rou)軟(ruan)。折斷面帶(dai)顆粒是(shi)女萎(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《本(ben)(ben)經(jing)》二物(wu)混同(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)故(gu)耳。”③《本(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)新編》：“萎(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)性純，其(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)甚緩(huan)，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)救(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)急(ji)，必(bi)須(xu)多(duo)(duo)服始妙。用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)湯劑(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)，冀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)速效難矣。且萎(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)補(bu)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)，必(bi)須(xu)人參補(bu)陽(yang)，則(ze)(ze)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)陽(yang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)既濟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妙，而(er)(er)(er)(er)所(suo)收之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)實奇。故(gu)中(zhong)風(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)癥，萎(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)與(yu)人參并(bing)服，必(bi)無痿(wei)廢(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)憂；驚狂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)，萎(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)與(yu)人參同(tong)飲，斷少死亡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)痛(tong)。蓋人參得(de)萎(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)而(er)(er)(er)(er)益(yi)(yi)力，萎(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)得(de)人參而(er)(er)(er)(er)鼓勇也(ye)(ye)。” ④《本(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)備要(yao)》：“萎(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)，溫(wen)(wen)潤(run)(run)甘(gan)(gan)平(ping)，中(zhong)和之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，若(ruo)蜜制作丸(wan)，服之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)(shu)斤，自有(you)(you)(you)(you)殊功(gong)(gong)(gong)，與(yu)服何首烏(wu)、地黃(huang)(huang)(huang)者(zhe)，同(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)理(li)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)僅加數(shu)(shu)分(fen)于(yu)煎劑(ji)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)可(ke)代參芪(qi)(qi)，則(ze)(ze)失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遠矣。大(da)抵此藥(yao)(yao)性緩(huan)，久服方(fang)能(neng)(neng)見(jian)功(gong)(gong)(gong)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)所(suo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)多(duo)(duo)風(feng)濕虛(xu)(xu)(xu)勞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)緩(huan)證(zheng)，故(gu)？仙以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服食，南陽(yang)用(yong)(yong)治(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)溫(wen)(wen)，《千金》、《外(wai)(wai)臺》亦間用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，未嘗恃(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重劑(ji)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)急(ji)虛(xu)(xu)(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)證(zheng)，必(bi)須(xu)參、芪(qi)(qi)，方(fang)能(neng)(neng)復(fu)脈回(hui)陽(yang)，斯時(shi)即用(yong)(yong)萎(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)斤許，亦不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)敵參、芪(qi)(qi)數(shu)(shu)分(fen)也(ye)(ye)。（若(ruo)）因李時(shi)珍有(you)(you)(you)(you)可(ke)代參、芪(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)語，凡遇虛(xu)(xu)(xu)證(zheng)，輒加用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，曾何益(yi)(yi)于(yu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)毫哉。”⑤《本(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)便讀(du)》：“萎(wei)(wei)蕤(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)，質潤(run)(run)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，培(pei)養肺、脾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)，是(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)長(chang)(chang)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)搜風(feng)散(san)熱(re)(re)諸(zhu)(zhu)治(zhi)(zhi)，似(si)非質潤(run)(run)味甘(gan)(gan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)可(ke)取效也(ye)(ye)。如風(feng)熱(re)(re)風(feng)溫(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬虛(xu)(xu)(xu)者(zhe)，亦可(ke)用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。考玉竹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性味、功(gong)(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)，與(yu)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)精(jing)相似(si)，自能(neng)(neng)推想，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)風(feng)溫(wen)(wen)風(feng)熱(re)(re)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)證(zheng)，最易(yi)(yi)(yi)傷陰(yin)(yin)(yin)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)養陰(yin)(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)藥(yao)(yao)，又易(yi)(yi)(yi)礙邪(xie)(xie)，唯玉竹甘(gan)(gan)平(ping)滋潤(run)(run)，雖補(bu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)礙邪(xie)(xie)，故(gu)古(gu)人立方(fang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)取乎此也(ye)(ye)。”⑥《本(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)正(zheng)義(yi)》：“玉竹，味甘(gan)(gan)多(duo)(duo)脂，柔(rou)(rou)潤(run)(run)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，《本(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)》雖不(bu)(bu)言其(qi)(qi)(qi)寒，然(ran)所(suo)治(zhi)(zhi)皆(jie)燥(zao)(zao)熱(re)(re)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)寒何如（可(ke)知(zhi)）。古(gu)人以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)熱(re)(re)，蓋柔(rou)(rou)潤(run)(run)能(neng)(neng)息風(feng)耳，陰(yin)(yin)(yin)寒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)質，非能(neng)(neng)治(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)來之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)邪(xie)(xie)。凡熱(re)(re)邪(xie)(xie)燔灼，火盛(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)風(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)最宜。今惟以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)肺胃(wei)燥(zao)(zao)熱(re)(re)，津液(ye)枯涸，口渴嗌干等(deng)(deng)證(zheng)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)胃(wei)火熾(chi)盛(sheng)，燥(zao)(zao)渴消谷，多(duo)(duo)食易(yi)(yi)(yi)饑者(zhe)，尤有(you)(you)(you)(you)捷效。《千金》及(ji)朱肱以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)治(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)溫(wen)(wen)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)藥(yao)(yao)，正(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)風(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)，內熱(re)(re)蒸騰，由熱(re)(re)生(sheng)(sheng)風(feng)，本(ben)(ben)非外(wai)(wai)感(gan)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)熱(re)(re)勢(shi)最盛(sheng)，津液(ye)易(yi)(yi)(yi)傷，故(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)玉竹為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)藥(yao)(yao)。甄權謂頭(tou)不(bu)(bu)安(an)者(zhe)，加用(yong)(yong)此物(wu)，亦指肝火猖狂，風(feng)陽(yang)上(shang)擾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)頭(tou)痛(tong)，甘(gan)(gan)寒柔(rou)(rou)潤(run)(run)，正(zheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)息風(feng)清火之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妙用(yong)(yong)，豈(qi)(qi)謂其(qi)(qi)(qi)能(neng)(neng)通治(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)切(qie)頭(tou)痛(tong)耶？”“《本(ben)(ben)經(jing)》諸(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)三字，是(shi)總結上(shang)文暴(bao)熱(re)(re)諸(zhu)(zhu)句，隱(yin)庵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言甚是(shi)。乃(nai)昔(xi)人誤(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)泛指諸(zhu)(zhu)虛(xu)(xu)(xu)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)言。故(gu)甄權則(ze)(ze)曰內補(bu)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)；蕭(xiao)炳則(ze)(ze)曰補(bu)中(zhong)益(yi)(yi)氣；日華則(ze)(ze)曰補(bu)五勞七傷虛(xu)(xu)(xu)損；瀕湖則(ze)(ze)曰主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)脾胃(wei)虛(xu)(xu)(xu)乏(fa)，男子小(xiao)便頻數(shu)(shu)失精(jing)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)切(qie)虛(xu)(xu)(xu)損，且謂治(zhi)(zhi)虛(xu)(xu)(xu)勞寒熱(re)(re)，及(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)切(qie)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)證(zheng)，用(yong)(yong)代參、耆(qi)，不(bu)(bu)寒不(bu)(bu)燥(zao)(zao)，大(da)有(you)(you)(you)(you)奇功(gong)(gong)(gong)，幾以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)勞瘵痹(bi)起死回(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神劑(ji)。不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)柔(rou)(rou)潤(run)(run)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性，純陰(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)事，已足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)戕生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機，況虛(xu)(xu)(xu)勞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)，陰(yin)(yin)(yin)陽(yang)并(bing)虧，縱(zong)(zong)使虛(xu)(xu)(xu)火鴟張，亦無寒涼直(zhi)(zhi)析之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法，又豈(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)寒膩滯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)質，而(er)(er)(er)(er)能(neng)(neng)補(bu)中(zhong)益(yi)(yi)氣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，諸(zhu)(zhu)家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說，皆(jie)誤(wu)讀(du)《本(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)經(jing)》諸(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)三字之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)咎。”下(xia)列同(tong)屬植物(wu)，亦同(tong)等(deng)(deng)入(ru)藥(yao)(yao)： ①熱(re)(re)河黃(huang)(huang)(huang)精(jing) Poly-gonatum macropodiumTurcz.，參見(jian)“黃(huang)(huang)(huang)精(jing)”條(tiao)(tiao)。②小(xiao)玉竹 Polygona-tum involucratum Ma-xim.分(fen)布我國東(dong)北(bei)及(ji)河北(bei)、河南、山西(xi)等(deng)(deng)地。③毛筒玉竹 Polygonatum inflatum Komar.多(duo)(duo)年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)本(ben)(ben)，高30～45厘(li)米(mi)。葉互生(sheng)(sheng)；橢圓(yuan)形(xing)，長(chang)(chang)7～11厘(li)米(mi)，寬4．5～7厘(li)米(mi)，下(xia)面稍帶(dai)粉狀(zhuang)；葉柄短。總花(hua)梗(geng)長(chang)(chang)2～2．5厘(li)米(mi)，著生(sheng)(sheng)花(hua)2～5朵；基部有(you)(you)(you)(you)膜(mo)質小(xiao)苞片(pian)4，披針狀(zhuang)線形(xing)；花(hua)冠淡綠色，內側(ce)6條(tiao)(tiao)脈有(you)(you)(you)(you)白(bai)色柔(rou)(rou)毛。顯(xian)(xian)微鑒定：根莖(jing)橫(heng)切(qie)面：表皮(pi)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)排列整(zheng)齊，外(wai)(wai)壁較厚，角(jiao)質化。皮(pi)層與(yu)中(zhong)柱界限不(bu)(bu)明顯(xian)(xian)。薄壁組織(zhi)中(zhong)散(san)列多(duo)(duo)數(shu)(shu)類圓(yuan)形(xing)粘液(ye)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)(bao)，直(zhi)(zhi)徑60－190μm，內含草(cao)(cao)酸鈣針晶束。維管束多(duo)(duo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)限外(wai)(wai)韌型，稀為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)周木(mu)型，散(san)列。本(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)不(bu)(bu)含淀粉粒。

【中藥化學成(cheng)分(fen)】：根(gen)莖含(han)(han)(han)鈴蘭苦甙、鈴蘭甙、以(yi)及(ji)(ji)山(shan)柰酚甙、槲皮(pi)醇甙和維(wei)生素A，尚含(han)(han)(han)淀粉25、6-30、6%及(ji)(ji)粘液(ye)(ye)質。葉及(ji)(ji)根(gen)莖又含(han)(han)(han)吖丁啶-2-羧酸(suan)（Azetidine-z-carboxylic acid）。根(gen)莖含(han)(han)(han)粘液(ye)(ye)質（糸多(duo)(duo)聚(ju)糖(tang)，水解成(cheng)D-果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)糖(tang)81.7％、葡萄(tao)(tao)糖(tang)及(ji)(ji)阿(a)拉伯糖(tang)），微量皂甙，白屈菜酸(suan)（chelidonic acid）,環氮丁烷-2-羧酸(suan)（azetidin-2-carboxylic acid）約0.13％，山(shan)柰素阿(a)拉伯糖(tang)甙及(ji)(ji)天冬酰胺、鞣質；另謂含(han)(han)(han)甾(zai)甙。根(gen)莖含(han)(han)(han)一種(zhong)(zhong)粘多(duo)(duo)糖(tang)－玉(yu)(yu)竹(zhu)(zhu)粘多(duo)(duo)糖(tang)（odoratam）,平均(jun)分(fen)子量約為500，000，由D-果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)糖(tang)、D-甘露(lu)糖(tang)、D-葡萄(tao)(tao)糖(tang)、半乳糖(tang)醛酸(suan)（6:3:1:1.5）所組成(cheng)。還含(han)(han)(han)有(you)4種(zhong)(zhong)玉(yu)(yu)竹(zhu)(zhu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)聚(ju)糖(tang)（polygonatum fructan Ｏ-A,B,C,D）：玉(yu)(yu)竹(zhu)(zhu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)聚(ju)糖(tang)甲、玉(yu)(yu)竹(zhu)(zhu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)聚(ju)糖(tang)乙、玉(yu)(yu)竹(zhu)(zhu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)聚(ju)糖(tang)丙、玉(yu)(yu)竹(zhu)(zhu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)聚(ju)糖(tang)丁等。

【中藥(yao)化學(xue)鑒定】：紙(zhi)層(ceng)析(xi)：取本(ben)品(pin)(pin)甲(jia)醇提取液(ye)(ye)，回(hui)收(shou)甲(jia)醇，殘渣用水(shui)煎煮(zhu)后，加乙(yi)醇成65％乙(yi)醇液(ye)(ye)，得白(bai)色(se)絮狀沉(chen)淀，沉(chen)淀加0.5mol/L硫酸加熱2h得透(tou)明溶液(ye)(ye)，用碳酸鋇中和(he)后，加入(ru)氫型強酸性陽樹(shu)脂過(guo)夜，濾(lv)過(guo)樹(shu)脂，濃縮后得樣(yang)品(pin)(pin)液(ye)(ye)，點(dian)于層(ceng)析(xi)濾(lv)紙(zhi)上(shang)(shang)，苯(ben)酚-水(shui)-濃氨水(shui)（40g:10ml:5 滴），下行展開，以鄰苯(ben)二甲(jia)酸-苯(ben)胺顯色(se)，半乳糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、果糖為(wei)標準品(pin)(pin)，樣(yang)品(pin)(pin)液(ye)(ye)色(se)譜(pu)在與對照品(pin)(pin)色(se)譜(pu)的相應位置上(shang)(shang)有相同顏色(se)的斑點(dian)。 文章來源:華(hua)夏康復網(wang)

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