作(zuo)為中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)產(chan)(chan)業源頭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)在漫(man)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中醫藥(yao)(yao)(yao)發展歷(li)史中，形成(cheng)了眾多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)優道地藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)。道地藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)就是(shi)指一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)物品(pin)種在特定環境(jing)和氣候等諸因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜(zong)合作(zuo)用(yong)下，所形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)地適宜、品(pin)種優良(liang)、產(chan)(chan)量高、炮制考究(jiu)、療(liao)效突出、帶有地域性特點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)。它是(shi)一約(yue)定俗成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、古(gu)代藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物標準化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概念，它以(yi)固定產(chan)(chan)地生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、加工或銷售來控制藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)量，是(shi)古(gu)代對藥(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)植物資源療(liao)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認知和評價(jia)。道地藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)名(ming)前多冠以(yi)地名(ming)，以(yi)示其道地產(chan)(chan)區(qu)。
因道地(di)藥(yao)(yao)材存(cun)在(zai)(zai)地(di)域性(xing)質量特色而自古在(zai)(zai)中藥(yao)(yao)界就有“道地(di)性(xing)”之(zhi)說，認(ren)為(wei)道地(di)藥(yao)(yao)材的(de)(de)(de)(de)品質最(zui)好。在(zai)(zai)我國，稱(cheng)得(de)上(shang)道地(di)藥(yao)(yao)材的(de)(de)(de)(de)約有200種(zhong)左右，如“浙八味”、“四大懷(huai)藥(yao)(yao)”、“川廣云(yun)貴道地(di)藥(yao)(yao)材”等(deng)(deng)。經過歷朝歷代長期實踐的(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)較和選擇，先人(ren)掌握了在(zai)(zai)哪里采(cai)集或種(zhong)植哪種(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)材最(zui)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)實踐經驗(yan)，例如浙江磐安(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)白術、元胡(hu)、玄參(can)(can)，吉林(lin)集安(an)、撫(fu)松的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)參(can)(can)，云(yun)南文山的(de)(de)(de)(de)三七(qi)等(deng)(deng)都是久負盛名的(de)(de)(de)(de)道地(di)藥(yao)(yao)材。現代科學技術也進一(yi)步(bu)證(zheng)實了“道地(di)性(xing)”是客觀(guan)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如產(chan)于南譙區的(de)(de)(de)(de)滁菊主要成(cheng)分黃酮含量比(bi)其(qi)它菊花(hua)高32%-61%；安(an)康產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)淫(yin)羊藿所含的(de)(de)(de)(de)淫(yin)羊藿苷為(wei)3%，而旬陽產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)卻只(zhi)有0.14%。
道地(di)藥材實現保護的緊(jin)迫性
近(jin)(jin)幾年(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)全國(guo)各地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)結構(gou)調整中(zhong)，由于(yu)種(zhong)植糧食等作(zuo)物(wu)效益低下，而(er)(er)種(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)相(xiang)對而(er)(er)言是(shi)短平快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首選項目，許(xu)多(duo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)都把中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)作(zuo)為支柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)來(lai)抓(zhua)，于(yu)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)全國(guo)興起(qi)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)股“要發財(cai)，種(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱潮(chao)。此(ci)后中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經歷了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個混沌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)，出現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)質(zhi)量下降、農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)殘留超(chao)標(biao)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)無(wu)人監管、種(zhong)養無(wu)章(zhang)可循(xun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尷尬局面(mian)(mian)，致(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)上魚(yu)目混珠，大(da)量非主產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偽(wei)劣藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)打著道(dao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)義招搖過市(shi)(shi)，造(zao)成了(le)(le)“方(fang)(fang)靈(ling)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)不靈(ling)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)怪(guai)現(xian)(xian)象。同時(shi)也造(zao)成中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)增(zeng)長(chang)總(zong)體(ti)嚴(yan)重超(chao)過需求(qiu)增(zeng)長(chang)，全國(guo)中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)發展(zhan)出現(xian)(xian)結構(gou)性(xing)失調，千篇一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)律的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低水平重復生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)方(fang)(fang)式造(zao)成多(duo)數藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)供大(da)于(yu)求(qiu)，失之(zhi)道(dao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)非道(dao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)和地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)在(zai)(zai)貿易(yi)環節中(zhong)存在(zai)(zai)嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“占(zhan)位性(xing)病變”。如(ru)“浙八(ba)味”之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)杭(hang)白(bai)(bai)芍(shao)因(yin)質(zhi)實(shi)沉重、有效成分(fen)高而(er)(er)備(bei)受一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些知名(ming)企業(ye)青(qing)睞，但由于(yu)其(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)周期(qi)(qi)長(chang)（需三(san)年(nian)(nian)以(yi)上）、成本(ben)高、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量低、價格高而(er)(er)缺乏市(shi)(shi)場(chang)競(jing)爭(zheng)力(li)，種(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)萎縮到不足2000畝(mu)，且面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)仍(reng)有不斷減少(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)趨勢(shi)而(er)(er)面(mian)(mian)臨滅絕(jue)危(wei)險。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)白(bai)(bai)術、元胡、丹參等藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盲目擴大(da)，次產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形成，影響藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量；另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)道(dao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)由于(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量低、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)周期(qi)(qi)長(chang)、價格相(xiang)對高，為了(le)(le)在(zai)(zai)激烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)競(jing)爭(zheng)中(zhong)始終占(zhan)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)席之(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，不得不違心地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)較多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)和化肥(fei)，轉變傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工方(fang)(fang)法，以(yi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量、節省(sheng)成本(ben)，其(qi)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)也隨之(zhi)下降。如(ru)浙白(bai)(bai)術，藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)農(nong)為了(le)(le)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量，近(jin)(jin)年(nian)(nian)拋(pao)棄了(le)(le)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)家肥(fei)習慣，使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)化肥(fei)和農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了(le)(le)近(jin)(jin)２０％，同時(shi)為節省(sheng)人力(li)和物(wu)力(li)，改(gai)變了(le)(le)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工方(fang)(fang)法，變彎囪為直囪，導致(zhi)了(le)(le)浙白(bai)(bai)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)下降。在(zai)(zai)去年(nian)(nian)浙江省(sheng)磐(pan)安(an)縣召開的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)國(guo)（磐(pan)安(an)）國(guo)際中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)科技(ji)展(zhan)覽(lan)會(hui)上，金世元、許(xu)炫(xuan)玉等許(xu)多(duo)中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)界知名(ming)人士都指(zhi)出了(le)(le)道(dao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)已不道(dao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，長(chang)此(ci)以(yi)往(wang)，將動搖中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)現(xian)(xian)代化之(zhi)根本(ben)。
保護道(dao)地藥材(cai)的有益探索
“藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)好、藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)才好”的(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)告(gao)詞形(xing)象地(di)(di)(di)說明了藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業的(de)(de)(de)源(yuan)頭及確保(bao)其質量的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性。如(ru)何實現(xian)安全(quan)、優質、高效(xiao)、低耗生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，國家食品藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品監督管(guan)理局已頒布實施的(de)(de)(de)《中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)質量管(guan)理規范（GAP）》和將要(yao)實施的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)批(pi)準(zhun)文號都是(shi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企業必須遵守的(de)(de)(de)行業法規，對于扭(niu)轉(zhuan)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)混亂局面，提(ti)(ti)升中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)水平(ping)具有重(zhong)要(yao)意(yi)義。就如(ru)何依法保(bao)護(hu)道(dao)地(di)(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，近來國內眾多專家也提(ti)(ti)出了道(dao)地(di)(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)實現(xian)原產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)域產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品保(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)一些設(she)想和建議。尤其值得(de)注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)郭巧生(sheng)、劉麗(li)等提(ti)(ti)出在國家審核(he)批(pi)準(zhun)原產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)域產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品保(bao)護(hu)后，為道(dao)地(di)(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)設(she)立道(dao)地(di)(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)專用(yong)標志。
雖然(ran)原產地域產品(pin)保護制度在(zai)保護道(dao)地藥材方面有(you)其獨到之(zhi)處，是目(mu)前保護道(dao)地藥材的較好方法，但由于藥材的特定性、專業(ye)性，導致在(zai)具(ju)體操作過程中存在(zai)：
一是監管(guan)不(bu)對口(kou)。《原(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)地域產(chan)品(pin)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)規定(ding)》是由原(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)家質量技術(shu)監督局頒布(bu)的(de)部(bu)門(men)法規，在(zai)實施(shi)道地藥(yao)材原(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)地域產(chan)品(pin)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)過程中，由于專業不(bu)對口(kou)，在(zai)質量管(guan)理和鑒定(ding)方(fang)面還是離不(bu)開藥(yao)監部(bu)門(men)的(de)監控(kong)作用。如果(guo)部(bu)門(men)間協調(diao)不(bu)好，容易產(chan)生(sheng)多頭管(guan)理的(de)不(bu)利局面，并且由于對藥(yao)材原(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)地情況不(bu)熟悉，還會出現“張冠李戴”的(de)狀(zhuang)況，使真正的(de)道地藥(yao)材得(de)不(bu)到有(you)效保(bao)(bao)護(hu)。
二是申(shen)報(bao)(bao)手續繁鎖、費用高。原產地域產品保(bao)護(hu)申(shen)報(bao)(bao)程序實行兩級(ji)申(shen)請且每級(ji)申(shen)請實行兩次審(shen)查的制度，審(shen)查通(tong)過(guo)后，并(bing)向(xiang)全國公(gong)告(gao)三個(ge)月，如無異議，再制定強制性國家標準并(bing)進行論證(zheng)，上述工作完成后還要(yao)對外公(gong)告(gao)。其(qi)中一個(ge)環節通(tong)不過(guo)，申(shen)報(bao)(bao)就泡(pao)湯，手續太繁鎖，而且費用十分(fen)高。
三是保(bao)護(hu)(hu)對象不(bu)夠完(wan)善。原產地域產品保(bao)護(hu)(hu)制度(du)不(bu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)制藥原料或中(zhong)間(jian)提取(qu)物，也不(bu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)育(yu)種專家培育(yu)的中(zhong)藥材新品種和中(zhong)成藥。
四是對分布廣泛的(de)道地藥材品種缺乏(fa)有(you)效(xiao)保護手段(duan)。
五是目前大部分中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材的有效成(cheng)分尚未被人們認識，因(yin)此，無法(fa)制定完(wan)(wan)善的中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材質(zhi)量標準(zhun)，而沒有完(wan)(wan)善的中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材質(zhi)量標準(zhun)就(jiu)無法(fa)有效地(di)利用(yong)原產地(di)域產品保護(hu)制度來保護(hu)中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材。
從(cong)以上幾方(fang)面看，原產地域產品保護(hu)制度尚(shang)未完善，在道(dao)地藥材(cai)保護(hu)方(fang)面有待進一步探索。
依法保護(hu)道地藥材的建議(yi)
設立(li)道地(di)藥材(cai)專用(yong)(yong)標志(zhi)。種專用(yong)(yong)標志(zhi)不(bu)僅(jin)表明該產品產自特(te)定的原產地(di)域，而且(qie)還能表明該產品經過(guo)特(te)殊的質(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)控(kong)、加(jia)工工藝而具有特(te)殊的質(zhi)量特(te)色。道地(di)藥材(cai)專用(yong)(yong)標志(zhi)所有權(quan)屬于國(guo)家(jia)，是國(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)企業使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的法定產品標志(zhi)，受國(guo)家(jia)法律保護，禁止任(ren)何(he)單位和個人偽造冒用(yong)(yong)，違(wei)者嚴厲查處。
明確管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)主(zhu)體。雖然國家(jia)質量監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)疫總局(ju)(ju)頒布的(de)(de)(de)(de)《原(yuan)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)域產(chan)(chan)品(pin)保護規定(ding)》和國家(jia)商(shang)標(biao)局(ju)(ju)實施的(de)(de)(de)(de)《商(shang)標(biao)法》中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)證(zheng)明商(shang)標(biao)都(dou)可用(yong)來(lai)(lai)(lai)保護道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)，但(dan)從中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)具(ju)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)屬性來(lai)(lai)(lai)看，道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)主(zhu)體應以國家(jia)食品(pin)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)為宜，由國家(jia)食品(pin)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)來(lai)(lai)(lai)加(jia)強對(dui)道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)和監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)比較(jiao)對(dui)口。國家(jia)食品(pin)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)可依據《產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量法》、《商(shang)標(biao)法》和《中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)質量管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)規范(fan)（GAP）》等(deng)法規，制(zhi)定(ding)《道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)辦法》等(deng)法規來(lai)(lai)(lai)加(jia)強對(dui)道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)。從道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準制(zhi)定(ding)、認證(zheng)和專用(yong)標(biao)志的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)等(deng)方(fang)面來(lai)(lai)(lai)嚴格管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)，確保道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)性。道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)認證(zheng)和道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)專用(yong)標(biao)志管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)可參考原(yuan)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)域產(chan)(chan)品(pin)保護等(deng)方(fang)法。
道(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)專用標(biao)志認證過程中(zhong)切忌(ji)盲目追大求洋。道(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)是(shi)經過先人(ren)歷(li)朝歷(li)代長期的(de)實踐而逐步(bu)形成(cheng)的(de)，凸現道(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)采集時間、加(jia)工方法等特點(dian)。因此在道(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)專用標(biao)志的(de)認證過程中(zhong)，要尊(zun)重(zhong)道(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)生長規(gui)律(lv)，切忌(ji)盲目追求集約化和(he)規(gui)模化，而應注重(zhong)藥(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)質量，使道(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)科學管理真正落到實處。
加強道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選育和種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)保護。道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)由于種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植歷史(shi)悠久，積累了不(bu)少地(di)(di)方品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和品(pin)系，對選育道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)新品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)十分(fen)有(you)利，目前各(ge)地(di)(di)已從中(zhong)(zhong)選出不(bu)少好品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國家(jia)家(jia)食品(pin)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)監(jian)督管理(li)局(ju)應依法加強對新品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)保護，并鼓勵育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)單(dan)位對道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)進行良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選育。不(bu)少道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)由于受非道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)沖擊及其它原因種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面積逐漸減少，如浙(zhe)八味中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)白芍、麥冬，還有(you)浙(zhe)貝(bei)母中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)精品(pin)——東貝(bei)，從歷史(shi)最多年份(fen)的(de)(de)(de)856畝下降到目前不(bu)足(zu)30畝，已面臨滅絕(jue)危(wei)險(xian)。國家(jia)食品(pin)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)監(jian)督管理(li)局(ju)應對這類(lei)道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)制定切(qie)實(shi)可行的(de)(de)(de)措施(shi)加以(yi)保護，應建立(li)區域(yu)性道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源(yuan)庫或種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源(yuan)圃(pu)來保存(cun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源(yuan)，確保道(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)可持(chi)續發展(zhan)，以(yi)利中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)產業的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。
統籌考慮醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)療、科(ke)研、產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、教育、文(wen)化(hua)(hua)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)合(he)(he)作(zuo)等中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)重點領(ling)域，共(gong)(gong)(gong)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)十個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)重點任務(wu)(wu)，一是(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)做(zuo)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)龍(long)頭(tou)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)、做(zuo)優(you)骨(gu)干中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)、做(zuo)實(shi)基層中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)網絡(luo)、健(jian)(jian)(jian)全(quan)其(qi)他醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)療機構(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)科(ke)室4個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)健(jian)(jian)(jian)康(kang)(kang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)能(neng)力。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)彰顯(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)在健(jian)(jian)(jian)康(kang)(kang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特色優(you)勢、提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)參與(yu)(yu)新發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)突發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)傳(chuan)染病防治(zhi)和公共(gong)(gong)(gong)衛(wei)生(sheng)事(shi)件(jian)應(ying)急處(chu)置能(neng)力、發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)少數民(min)(min)族醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)結(jie)合(he)(he)水平、優(you)化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)療服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)模(mo)(mo)式5個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)高(gao)(gao)素質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)人(ren)(ren)才隊伍。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)院(yuan)(yuan)校(xiao)教育改革(ge)、強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)特色人(ren)(ren)才隊伍建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)、完(wan)善西醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)學習中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制度3個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。四是(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)高(gao)(gao)水平中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)傳(chuan)承保護與(yu)(yu)科(ke)技(ji)創新體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)傳(chuan)承保護、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)重點領(ling)域攻關、建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)高(gao)(gao)層次科(ke)技(ji)平臺、促(cu)進科(ke)技(ji)成果轉化(hua)(hua)4個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。五(wu)是(shi)(shi)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)資源保護與(yu)(yu)利用、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)道地(di)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)管(guan)理、提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)水平、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)安全(quan)監管(guan)4個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。六是(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)健(jian)(jian)(jian)康(kang)(kang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)促(cu)進和規(gui)范中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)養生(sheng)保健(jian)(jian)(jian)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)老(lao)年健(jian)(jian)(jian)康(kang)(kang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)、拓(tuo)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)健(jian)(jian)(jian)康(kang)(kang)旅游(you)市(shi)場、豐富中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)健(jian)(jian)(jian)康(kang)(kang)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)供給4個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。七(qi)是(shi)(shi)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)繁(fan)榮(rong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)研究(jiu)和傳(chuan)播、發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)博物館事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、做(zuo)大(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)3個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。八(ba)是(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)開放發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)助力構(gou)建(jian)人(ren)(ren)類(lei)衛(wei)生(sheng)健(jian)(jian)(jian)康(kang)(kang)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)體(ti)(ti)、深(shen)化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)交(jiao)流(liu)合(he)(he)作(zuo)、擴大(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)貿易3個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。九(jiu)是(shi)(shi)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)領(ling)域改革(ge)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)建(jian)立(li)符合(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)特點的(de)(de)(de)(de)評價(jia)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)、健(jian)(jian)(jian)全(quan)現(xian)代(dai)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理制度、完(wan)善中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)價(jia)格和醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保政策(ce)、改革(ge)完(wan)善中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)注冊管(guan)理、推進中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)領(ling)域綜合(he)(he)改革(ge)5個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。十是(shi)(shi)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)支撐保障(zhang)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)信息化(hua)(hua)水平、建(jian)立(li)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)綜合(he)(he)統計(ji)制度、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)法(fa)治(zhi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)、深(shen)化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)軍(jun)民(min)(min)融合(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)4個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。 一、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)現(xian)狀及(ji)存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題 1、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)較(jiao)大(da)，但(dan)龍(long)頭(tou)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)較(jiao)少2、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)增(zeng)(zeng)長減(jian)緩(huan)，但(dan)進口(kou)數量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)長迅速(su) 3、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)種植規(gui)模(mo)(mo)增(zeng)(zeng)大(da)，但(dan)缺乏源頭(tou)監管(guan) 4、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)價(jia)格波(bo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)劇，企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)采購(gou)成本增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)5、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態較(jiao)多，但(dan)同(tong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)(hua)現(xian)象嚴重 6、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)程度低，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)設(she)(she)(she)備陳舊(jiu) 二(er)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)政策(ce)建(jian)議1、建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)規(gui)范化(hua)(hua)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材種植基地(di)，構(gou)建(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)全(quan)過程追溯體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)2、開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)效(xiao)物質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)研究(jiu)，建(jian)立(li)符合(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)特點GMP體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi) 3、制定中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材產(chan)(chan)地(di)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工規(gui)范，擴大(da)產(chan)(chan)地(di)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工品(pin)種目錄 4、推動(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)第(di)三(san)方(fang)(fang)(fang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)檢測，實(shi)現(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)法(fa)律依據：《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)和國(guo)(guo)(guo)健(jian)(jian)(jian)康(kang)(kang)促(cu)進法(fa)》 國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)大(da)力發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，堅持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)并重、傳(chuan)承與(yu)(yu)創新相(xiang)結(jie)合(he)(he)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)在醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)療衛(wei)生(sheng)與(yu)(yu)健(jian)(jian)(jian)康(kang)(kang)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)獨特作(zuo)用及(ji)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保護與(yu)(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，充分體(ti)(ti)現(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特色和優(you)勢，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮其(qi)在預防、保健(jian)(jian)(jian)、醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)療、康(kang)(kang)復中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用。
? ? ?網紅烹食的大白鯊來自福建沿海，說明加強網購平臺交易監管迫在眉睫：一是網購平臺運營方應當加強對其用戶發布相關信息的管理，發現用戶發布違法信息，應當及時進行處理；二是相關執法部門應強化對網購平臺交易進行監管，堵塞漏洞，加大對網購違法違規問題進行監管，對發現的違法違規網購交易行為露頭就打，形成依法懲處的高壓態勢。
? ? ?據媒體報道(dao)，?7月14日(ri)，一位名叫(jiao)“提子(zi)”的(de)(de)美(mei)食網紅(hong)博(bo)主(zhu)拍(pai)攝水煮(zhu)鯊魚(yu)和(he)燒烤鯊魚(yu)的(de)(de)視頻(pin)。有科普博(bo)主(zhu)反映(ying)，這條鯊魚(yu)竟是(shi)(shi)國際瀕危野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)噬人(ren)鯊，相(xiang)當于國家二級(ji)保護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)。14日(ri)晚，記者(zhe)聯(lian)系上涉(she)事(shi)網紅(hong)博(bo)主(zhu)“提子(zi)”，對方(fang)表(biao)示(shi)視頻(pin)中的(de)(de)鯊魚(yu)是(shi)(shi)尖齒鯊，是(shi)(shi)通過正(zheng)規渠道(dao)的(de)(de)。15日(ri)，記者(zhe)獲悉，目前(qian)，四川南充(chong)市公安局(ju)森(sen)林暨食藥(yao)環知偵查支隊就此(ci)事(shi)介(jie)入調查。警(jing)方(fang)回應，網紅(hong)博(bo)主(zhu)美(mei)食用的(de)(de)鯊魚(yu),經(jing)鑒定(ding)確(que)系瀕危大(da)白鯊。根據《中華人(ren)民(min)共和(he)國刑法》第341條規定(ding)，非法殺害、運輸、出(chu)售、收購國家重點保護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)珍貴、瀕危野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)， 可處五年以下(xia)有期徒刑或拘役，并處罰金。
? ? ? 在(zai)(zai)媒(mei)體公布的(de)視(shi)頻中(zhong)顯(xian)示，當時(shi)網紅“提(ti)子(zi)”在(zai)(zai)某海鮮超市(shi)門口，她將一(yi)件包(bao)裹(guo)拆開后(hou)(hou)，給網友們(men)現場展示，在(zai)(zai)包(bao)裹(guo)里(li)面裝著一(yi)條(tiao)體型(xing)較大的(de)“鯊(sha)魚”，引來不(bu)少人圍觀。視(shi)頻稱，此條(tiao)“大白鯊(sha)”長(chang)2米。在(zai)(zai)網紅擺拍后(hou)(hou)，這條(tiao)“鯊(sha)魚”又(you)被運到鄉下其親屬家里(li)，對鯊(sha)魚進行了(le)分(fen)割。之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，網紅“提(ti)子(zi)”在(zai)(zai)室外(wai)，又(you)對這條(tiao)“鯊(sha)魚”的(de)尾部進行了(le)燒烤。
? ? ?我和身邊的小伙伴(ban)們看(kan)到這條視頻后(hou)，著實為此(ci)網(wang)紅博(bo)主(zhu)汗顏。此(ci)網(wang)紅博(bo)主(zhu)為了博(bo)取(qu)流量，竟然置法律于(yu)不(bu)顧，用(yong)拍(pai)攝水煮鯊魚(yu)和燒烤(kao)鯊魚(yu)視頻的方式吸(xi)引粉絲，借此(ci)提升其關注度，進而觸犯法律，實在是咎由自取(qu)。
? ? ?小伙伴們知道(dao)，噬人鯊(sha)(sha)又稱大白(bai)鯊(sha)(sha)，已被列(lie)入《瀕(bin)危野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)植物種國(guo)(guo)際(ji)貿易(yi)(yi)(yi)公(gong)約(yue)(yue)》，在我國(guo)(guo)，相當(dang)于我國(guo)(guo)二級保護動(dong)(dong)物；同時，2017年3月，國(guo)(guo)家瀕(bin)危物種進(jin)出口(kou)辦公(gong)室(shi)公(gong)布的(de)《中華人民共和國(guo)(guo)締結(jie)或者參加的(de)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)公(gong)約(yue)(yue)禁止或者限(xian)制(zhi)貿易(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物或者其制(zhi)品名錄》中，噬人鯊(sha)(sha)也赫然在列(lie)，屬(shu)于國(guo)(guo)際(ji)間限(xian)制(zhi)貿易(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物。
? ? ?由(you)此(ci)次網紅(hong)博主疑用(yong)大白(bai)鯊做(zuo)美(mei)食，也使(shi)我聯想到(dao)近年來，一(yi)些網紅(hong)在利(li)益(yi)的(de)驅動下(xia)，為(wei)了贏(ying)得更多的(de)粉(fen)絲與(yu)流量，置法律與(yu)不顧，直播對(dui)國家保(bao)護動物下(xia)嘴，如去年4月(yue)27日(ri)，據瓊(qiong)(qiong)海警(jing)方通報(bao)，微博名(ming)稱為(wei)?“阿壯鍋(guo)本人”的(de)博主吃了一(yi)只國家二級(ji)保(bao)護動物法螺，并進(jin)行現場直播。瓊(qiong)(qiong)海警(jing)方稱，在此(ci)案中(zhong)，涉及到(dao)的(de)“賣”、“買”、“吃”法螺的(de)3人，均已被(bei)警(jing)方進(jin)行了刑事(shi)拘留。
? ? ?其實，我和身邊的小伙伴們認為，無論是網紅“提子”烹食大白鯊，還是?“阿壯鍋本人”的博主現場直播食用國家二級保護動物法螺，都暴露出加強網購平臺交易監管迫在眉睫：一是網購平臺運營方應當加強對其用戶發布相關信息的管理，發現用戶發布違法信息，應當及時進行處理；二是相關執法部門應強化對網購平臺交易進行監管，堵塞漏洞，加大對網購違法違規問題進行監管，對發現的違法違規網購交易行為露頭就打，形成依法懲處的高壓態勢。
? ? ? 俗話說，違(wei)法(fa)(fa)必(bi)被(bei)捉。我(wo)認為，無(wu)論(lun)是網(wang)(wang)紅“提子”、還是“阿(a)壯鍋本人”，用直播食用國(guo)家重點保護的(de)(de)珍貴、瀕危野生動物(wu)的(de)(de)違(wei)法(fa)(fa)行為來(lai)博取流量，必(bi)將受到法(fa)(fa)律的(de)(de)嚴(yan)懲。其實，通過網(wang)(wang)購平(ping)臺運營方(fang)加強對其用戶(hu)發布相(xiang)關(guan)信息的(de)(de)管理(li)，以及相(xiang)關(guan)執法(fa)(fa)部門(men)強化對網(wang)(wang)購平(ping)臺交(jiao)易進行監管，將會對違(wei)法(fa)(fa)網(wang)(wang)購行為行為形成震懾(she)作用，進而減少和杜絕違(wei)法(fa)(fa)違(wei)規網(wang)(wang)購交(jiao)易行為發生。
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