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中成藥功效不再用西醫描述

醫案日(ri)記 2023-05-08 07:17:41

中成藥功效不再(zai)用西醫描述(shu)

中成藥(yao)(yao)功能主治表(biao)述將不(bu)得(de)摻入(ru)“降壓、降酶(mei)、消(xiao)炎、抑菌”等西(xi)醫藥(yao)(yao)效(xiao)學的相(xiang)關內容。記者近日從國家藥(yao)(yao)典委(wei)員會獲(huo)悉(xi),2005年出版的“中國藥(yao)(yao)典”將對中成藥(yao)(yao)的功能主治內容進行規(gui)范(fan),功能主治要(yao)按照中醫術(shu)語表(biao)述。

像牛(niu)黃降壓(ya)丸,現在(zai)表述(shu)功能主(zhu)治(zhi)是“清心(xin)化(hua)痰(tan)、鎮靜降壓(ya),用于肝火旺盛、頭暈目(mu)眩、煩躁不(bu)安(an)、血壓(ya)高”,規范后(hou)表述(shu)功能主(zhu)治(zhi)是“清熱化(hua)痰(tan)、清心(xin)安(an)神,用于肝火及痰(tan)熱所致(zhi)的頭暈目(mu)眩、煩躁不(bu)安(an),高血壓(ya)病見上述(shu)征候者”。因為原(yuan)先寫的“鎮靜降壓(ya)”字(zi)樣是西醫描(miao)述(shu),容易使(shi)患(huan)者誤(wu)認為這(zhe)是一種(zhong)西藥。

有關人士介紹,時下在現(xian)有的(de)中(zhong)成藥(yao)(yao)中(zhong),無(wu)論是(shi)傳統名牌,還是(shi)近代研制(zhi)的(de)新藥(yao)(yao),功能主治的(de)表述均不同程度(du)地存在著不規(gui)范(fan)之處。如中(zhong)、西醫(yi)術(shu)語混(hun)用,或功能主治均用西醫(yi)術(shu)語表述等,這樣的(de)表述對只懂(dong)西醫(yi)或按照西醫(yi)診斷(duan)自行買藥(yao)(yao)的(de)患者,容易引起誤(wu)導,以致出(chu)現(xian)藥(yao)(yao)物濫用后果。

你覺(jue)得中藥和西藥最(zui)大的區別在哪里?為什么(me)呢?

由于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫分為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)(xi)醫兩大類,因此中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)(xi)醫在用藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)方面存在差異(yi)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)多為生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),主要(yao)包括(kuo)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、礦物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質;西(xi)(xi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)(pin),包括(kuo)有機化(hua)學(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)、無機化(hua)學(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)和生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)制品(pin)(pin)。然(ran)而,不可否認的是(shi),隨著藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)和藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)技術的迅(xun)速發(fa)(fa)展,以(yi)(yi)及全科醫生(sheng)在臨床實踐(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)廣泛使用中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)(xi)醫,一些藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的歸屬(shu)確(que)實很復雜。從字面上講,國(guo)家(jia)食品(pin)(pin)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)(pin)監督(du)管理局對(dui)西(xi)(xi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有明確(que)的定義,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)飲片都(dou)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),國(guo)家(jia)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)(pin)審批(pi)字以(yi)(yi)Z開頭也是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),國(guo)家(jia)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品(pin)(pin)批(pi)準(zhun)字以(yi)(yi)H開頭是(shi)西(xi)(xi)醫。

例(li)如,感冒清熱(re)顆(ke)粒(li)的國(guo)家藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品審定詞(ci)是(shi)“Z”,所(suo)以(yi)(yi)感冒清熱(re)顆(ke)粒(li)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao);復方甘草片的國(guo)家藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)品審批從“H”開始,所(suo)以(yi)(yi)復方甘草片是(shi)西(xi)(xi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。有(you)些藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)可能聽(ting)起來(lai)像(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),甚至(zhi)(zhi)包(bao)含中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的名稱(cheng),但它們(men)不一(yi)定是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。有(you)些藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)似(si)乎與中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)沒有(you)任(ren)何關系,卻偷偷地在成分中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)入了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)成分。如果你想要得到(dao)的藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)還(huan)是(shi)西(xi)(xi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),除(chu)了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的飲片,如果你看(kan)到(dao)一(yi)個片劑,一(yi)個膠(jiao)囊,一(yi)包(bao)顆(ke)粒(li),一(yi)個藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)水(shui),一(yi)袋藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)水(shui),除(chu)了聽(ting)名字(zi),一(yi)定要看(kan),之所(suo)以(yi)(yi)被(bei)國(guo)家批準是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)這個數(shu)字(zi)至(zhi)(zhi)少反映了它的誕生時間(jian)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)(xi)醫。

雖(sui)然(ran)中(zhong)(zhong)西醫在批(pi)準數量(liang)和(he)(he)成(cheng)分上(shang)存(cun)在差(cha)異,但本質上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異是(shi)(shi)(shi)臨床使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指導理論,即是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)藥治療(liao)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)西藥治療(liao)。總的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來(lai)(lai)說(shuo),是(shi)(shi)(shi)西醫直接治療(liao)疾病(bing)而不辨證。賦予中(zhong)(zhong)藥自身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性質,并考(kao)慮其冷熱,這(zhe)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)醫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用法。巧妙地,隨著藥物發現和(he)(he)藥物技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速發展,以及(ji)全科醫生(sheng)在臨床實(shi)踐中(zhong)(zhong)廣泛(fan)使用中(zhong)(zhong)西醫,一些藥物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歸屬(shu)真的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)很復雜。隨著中(zhong)(zhong)西醫結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷深入(ru),中(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)藥受(shou)到人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青睞和(he)(he)商家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)追捧(peng)。近(jin)年來(lai)(lai),原料大多來(lai)(lai)自天(tian)然(ran)中(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)藥,受(shou)到人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青睞和(he)(he)企業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)追捧(peng)。

為(wei)了提(ti)高中(zhong)成(cheng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao),除了根據(ju)辨證(zheng)論治(zhi)的(de)(de)原則選用(yong)中(zhong)成(cheng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)外,還添加了加汗、解(jie)熱、鎮痛(tong)等西(xi)(xi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)功效(xiao)(xiao)。西(xi)(xi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)可以彌補中(zhong)成(cheng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)緩慢、缺(que)點(dian)多(duo)的(de)(de)缺(que)點(dian),并加速藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao),在(zai)療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)上(shang)相(xiang)互借鑒,有(you)助于治(zhi)療(liao)感冒(mao)。中(zhong)西(xi)(xi)醫的(de)(de)復(fu)(fu)方(fang)制(zhi)劑是由中(zhong)西(xi)(xi)醫的(de)(de)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)組成(cheng)的(de)(de),雖然大部(bu)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)復(fu)(fu)方(fang)制(zhi)劑都是按照中(zhong)西(xi)(xi)醫的(de)(de)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)管理的(de)(de),但化學(xue)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)在(zai)臨床應(ying)用(yong)中(zhong)尤為(wei)突出。無論不良反(fan)應(ying)或重(zhong)復(fu)(fu)使用(yong),化學(xue)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)都是圍繞(rao)該(gai)化學(xue)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)進行的(de)(de)。

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