白薇有涼(liang)血(xue)(xue)退蒸，清(qing)肺降火，涼(liang)血(xue)(xue)止血(xue)(xue)，瀉解(jie)(jie)毒，安神定痙，涼(liang)血(xue)(xue)活血(xue)(xue)，解(jie)(jie)毒透疹(zhen)，清(qing)熱(re)涼(liang)血(xue)(xue)，利尿通林，解(jie)(jie)毒療瘡，養(yang)陰(yin)生津的作用。
《中國藥典》：白薇
拼音BáiWēi
英文名ATI
別名白馬尾
來源本品為(wei)蘿藦(mo)科(ke)植物(wu)白薇Bge。或蔓(man)生白薇。的干燥(zao)根(gen)及根(gen)莖。春、秋(qiu)二季(ji)采(cai)挖，洗凈，干燥(zao)。
性狀(zhuang)本品根(gen)(gen)莖粗短，有結(jie)節，多彎曲。上(shang)面(mian)(mian)有圓形的莖痕，下面(mian)(mian)及兩側簇生多數細長的根(gen)(gen)，根(gen)(gen)長10～25cm，直徑(jing)0.1～0.2cm。表面(mian)(mian)棕黃(huang)色。質脆，易折斷，斷面(mian)(mian)皮部黃(huang)白色，木部黃(huang)色。氣(qi)微，味微苦。
炮制除去(qu)雜(za)質，洗凈，潤透，切(qie)段(duan)、干燥。
性味苦、咸，寒。
歸經歸胃、肝、腎經。
功能主治清熱(re)涼血(xue)，利尿(niao)通淋，解毒(du)療瘡。用于溫邪傷營發(fa)熱(re)，陰虛(xu)發(fa)熱(re)，骨蒸勞熱(re)，產后血(xue)虛(xu)發(fa)熱(re)，熱(re)淋，血(xue)淋，癰疽腫毒(du)。
用(yong)(yong)法用(yong)(yong)量4.5～9g。
白薇，拉(la)丁文(wen)名(ming)：（Bunge.）。蘿藦科、鵝(e)絨(rong)(rong)藤屬直立多年(nian)生草(cao)本，根(gen)須狀，有(you)香(xiang)氣(qi)。葉(xie)卵形(xing)或卵狀長(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)，頂端(duan)漸尖或急尖，基(ji)部圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)，兩面(mian)(mian)均被有(you)白色絨(rong)(rong)毛(mao)，特別以葉(xie)背及(ji)脈上為密；傘形(xing)狀聚(ju)傘花(hua)(hua)序，無總花(hua)(hua)梗，生在(zai)莖的四周，花(hua)(hua)深紫色，花(hua)(hua)萼外(wai)面(mian)(mian)有(you)絨(rong)(rong)毛(mao)，花(hua)(hua)冠輻(fu)狀，外(wai)面(mian)(mian)有(you)短柔(rou)毛(mao)，并具(ju)緣(yuan)毛(mao)；裂片盾狀，圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)，與合蕊柱(zhu)等長(chang)(chang)，花(hua)(hua)藥頂端(duan)具(ju)1圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)的膜片；長(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)狀膨(peng)脹；柱(zhu)頭(tou)扁平。蓇葖單(dan)生，向端(duan)部漸尖，基(ji)部鈍形(xing)，中間膨(peng)大，種子扁平；種毛(mao)白色，花(hua)(hua)期(qi)4-8月(yue)，果期(qi)6-8月(yue)。根(gen)及(ji)部分根(gen)莖供藥用，有(you)除虛煩(fan)、清(qing)熱散腫(zhong)、生肌止痛(tong)(tong)之效(xiao)，可治(zhi)產后虛煩(fan)嘔逆，小便淋瀝，腎炎(yan)，尿路感染，水腫(zhong)，支氣(qi)管(guan)炎(yan)和風濕性腰(yao)腿痛(tong)(tong)等。
白(bai)(bai)薇(wei)有(you)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)涼(liang)血(xue)、解(jie)(jie)毒(du)(du)消腫(zhong)、利(li)尿通淋等(deng)(deng)功效(xiao)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，適宜(yi)人群：產后(hou)(hou)虛(xu)(xu)(xu)煩嘔(ou)逆、小便(bian)淋瀝、尿路感(gan)(gan)染者，禁忌人群：下(xia)后(hou)(hou)內(nei)虛(xu)(xu)(xu)、腹中覺冷、泄瀉不(bu)(bu)止者。1.清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)涼(liang)血(xue)。白(bai)(bai)薇(wei)苦(ku)寒，善入血(xue)分，有(you)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)涼(liang)血(xue)，益(yi)陰除熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)之(zhi)功。若(ruo)治(zhi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)病后(hou)(hou)期，余邪未盡，夜熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)早涼(liang)，或(huo)陰虛(xu)(xu)(xu)發熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，骨蒸潮熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)地(di)骨皮、知母、青蒿(hao)等(deng)(deng)同用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)；若(ruo)治(zhi)產后(hou)(hou)血(xue)虛(xu)(xu)(xu)發熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，低熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)不(bu)(bu)退及昏(hun)厥等(deng)(deng)癥，可(ke)(ke)(ke)與(yu)當歸、人參、甘草(cao)同用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，共(gong)收(shou)養血(xue)益(yi)陰、清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)除蒸之(zhi)效(xiao)，如(ru)白(bai)(bai)薇(wei)湯(tang)。本品既能(neng)退虛(xu)(xu)(xu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，又(you)能(neng)清(qing)(qing)實(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，與(yu)生(sheng)地(di)黃(huang)、玄參等(deng)(deng)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)涼(liang)血(xue)藥(yao)同用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，還(huan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)治(zhi)溫(wen)邪入營，高熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)煩渴(ke)，神(shen)昏(hun)舌絳等(deng)(deng)。本品還(huan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)清(qing)(qing)泄肺熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)而透邪，清(qing)(qing)退虛(xu)(xu)(xu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)而益(yi)陰，故(gu)常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)玉竹(zhu)、豆(dou)豉(chi)、薄(bo)荷同用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，治(zhi)療(liao)陰虛(xu)(xu)(xu)外感(gan)(gan)，發熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)咽干、口渴(ke)心煩等(deng)(deng)癥，如(ru)加減葳(wei)蕤湯(tang)。2.解(jie)(jie)毒(du)(du)消腫(zhong)。白(bai)(bai)薇(wei)苦(ku)咸而寒，有(you)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)涼(liang)血(xue)，解(jie)(jie)毒(du)(du)療(liao)瘡，消腫(zhong)散(san)結之(zhi)效(xiao)，內(nei)服(fu)、外敷(fu)均可(ke)(ke)(ke)。常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)天花粉、赤芍、甘草(cao)等(deng)(deng)同用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，治(zhi)療(liao)血(xue)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)毒(du)(du)盛(sheng)的瘡癰腫(zhong)毒(du)(du)、毒(du)(du)蛇(she)咬傷，如(ru)白(bai)(bai)薇(wei)散(san)（《證(zheng)治(zhi)準(zhun)繩(sheng)》），也(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)配其他(ta)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)解(jie)(jie)毒(du)(du)藥(yao)同用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)；若(ruo)治(zhi)咽喉紅腫(zhong)疼痛，常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)金銀花、桔梗、山豆(dou)根(gen)同用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。3.利(li)尿通淋。白(bai)(bai)薇(wei)既能(neng)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)涼(liang)血(xue)，又(you)能(neng)利(li)尿通淋，故(gu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于膀胱濕(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，血(xue)淋澀(se)痛，常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)木(mu)通、滑石(shi)及石(shi)韋(wei)等(deng)(deng)清(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)利(li)尿通淋藥(yao)同用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。
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