改(gai)善記憶能力、擴張血管、降壓等(deng)作用。常用于治(zhi)療(liao)老年癡呆病，對痰濁(zhuo)阻閉腦絡癥尤其適宜。有關老年癡呆的健康知識(shi)可以去癡呆社區看看。

【藥物別名】九節菖蒲(古)，山菖蒲、石蜈蚣、水劍草。【來源】本品為天南星科植物石菖蒲的干燥根莖。秋、冬二季采挖，除去須根及泥沙，曬干。【制法】除去雜質，洗凈，潤透，切厚片，曬干。【性狀】本品呈扁圓柱形，多彎曲，常有分枝，長3～20cm，直徑0.3～1cm。表面棕褐色或灰棕色，粗糙，有疏密不勻的環節，節間長0.2～0.8cm，具細縱紋，一面殘留須根或圓點狀根痕；葉痕呈三角形，左右交互排列，有的其上有毛鱗狀的葉基殘余。質硬，斷面纖維性，類白色或微紅色，內皮層環明顯，可見多數維管束小點及棕色油細胞。氣芳香，味苦、微辛。【說明】辛，溫。歸心，脾經。該物種為中國植物圖譜數據庫收錄的有毒植物，其毒性為小鼠腹腔注射全草的氯仿提出物／kg，出現活動減少、肌張力增加、豎尾、眼瞼下垂、呼吸深慢、流涎、共濟失調、四肢外展、翻正反射消失、癱瘓死亡。【功用作用】1．痰蒙清竅，神志昏迷。本品辛開苦燥溫通，芳香走竄，不但有開竅醒神之功，且兼具化濕，豁痰，辟穢之效。故擅長治痰濕穢濁之邪蒙蔽清竅所致之神志昏亂。治中風痰迷心竅，神志昏亂、舌強不能語，常與半夏、天南星、橘紅等燥濕化痰藥合用，如滌痰湯（《濟生方》）；若治痰熱蒙蔽，高熱、神昏譫語者，常與郁金、半夏、竹瀝等配伍，如菖蒲郁金湯（《溫病全書》）；治痰熱癲癇抽搐，可與枳實、竹茹、黃連等配伍，如清心溫膽湯（《古今醫鑒》）；治癲狂痰熱內盛者，可與遠志、朱砂、生鐵落同用，如生鐵落飲（《醫學心悟》）；用治濕濁蒙蔽，頭暈，嗜睡，健忘，耳鳴，耳聾等癥，又常與茯苓、遠志、龍骨等配伍，如安神定志丸（《醫學心悟》）。2．濕阻中焦，脘腹痞滿，脹悶疼痛。本品辛溫芳香，善化濕濁、醒脾胃、行氣滯、消脹滿。用治濕濁中阻，脘悶腹脹、痞塞疼痛，常與砂仁、蒼術、厚樸同用；若濕從熱化、濕熱蘊伏、身熱吐利、胸脘痞悶、舌苔黃膩者，可與黃連、厚樸等配伍，如連樸飲(《霍亂論》)。3．噤口痢。本品芳香化濕、燥濕，又行胃腸之氣。治療濕濁、熱毒蘊結腸中所致之水谷不納，痢疾后重等，可與黃連、茯苓、石蓮子等配伍，如開噤散（《醫學心悟》）。4．健忘，失眠，耳鳴，耳聾。本品入心經，開心竅、益心智、安心神、聰耳明目，故可用于上述諸癥。治健忘證，常與人參、茯苓、菖蒲等配伍，如不忘散（《證治準繩》）、開心散（《千金方》）；治勞心過度、心神失養引發的失眠、多夢、心悸怔忡，常與人參、白術、龍眼肉及酸棗仁、茯神、朱砂等配伍，如安神定志丸（《雜病源流犀燭》）；治心腎兩虛、耳鳴耳聾、頭昏、心悸，常與菟絲子、女貞子、旱蓮草及丹參、夜交藤等配伍，如安神補心丸（《中藥制劑手冊》）。此外，還可用于聲音嘶啞、癰疽瘡瘍、風濕痹痛、跌打損傷等證。【鑒別】（1）本品橫切面：表皮細胞外壁增厚，棕色，有的含紅棕色物。皮層寬廣，散有纖維束及葉跡維管束；葉跡維管束外韌型，維管束鞘纖維成環，木化；內皮層明顯。中柱維管束周木型及外韌型，維管束鞘纖維較少。纖維束及維管束鞘纖維周圍細胞中含草酸鈣方晶，形成晶纖維。薄壁組織中散有類圓形油細胞；并含淀粉粒。（2）取〔含量測定〕項下的揮發油，加石油醚（60～90℃）制成每1ml含2μl的溶液，作為供試品溶液。另取石菖蒲對照藥材，同法制成對照藥材溶液。照薄層色譜法（附錄ⅥB）試驗，吸取上述兩種溶液各1μl，分別點于同一以0.5％羧甲基纖維素鈉溶液為黏合劑的硅膠G薄層板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-醋酸乙酯（8：2）為展開劑，展開，取出，晾干，放置約1小時，置紫外光燈（365nm）下檢視。供試品色譜中，在與對照品色譜相應的位置上，顯相同顏色的熒光斑點；再以碘蒸氣熏至斑點顯色清晰，日光下檢視，供試品色譜中，在與對照藥材色譜相應的位置上，顯相同顏色的斑點。【含量測定】照揮發油測定法（附錄ⅩD）測定。本品含揮發油不得少于1.0％（ml/g）。【性味歸經】辛、苦，溫。歸心、胃經。【功能主治】化濕開胃，開竅豁痰，醒神益智。用于脘痞不饑，噤口下痢，神昏癲癇，健忘耳聾。【用法用量】3～9g。【貯藏】置干燥處，防霉。【摘錄】《全國中草藥匯編》注：需要指出的是，本品由于辛溫，故對陰虛血熱者，不宜服用，用量為干品3～10g，鮮品10～15g。石菖蒲屬芳香藥，揮發油系其有效成分，故入煎劑宜后下，注意不宜入煎，以免降低療效。【古籍摘要】1．《神農本(ben)草(cao)經(jing)(jing)》：“主(zhu)風(feng)寒濕(shi)痹(bi)，咳逆上(shang)(shang)氣，開(kai)(kai)心孔(kong)，補五臟，通九(jiu)竅，明耳(er)目(mu)，出音聲。久服(fu)(fu)輕身(shen)，不(bu)忘，不(bu)迷惑，延年(nian)。”2．《本(ben)草(cao)綱目(mu)》：“治(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)惡卒死，客忤(wu)癲癇，下血崩中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，安胎漏(lou)，散癰腫。”3．《本(ben)草(cao)從新》：“辛苦而溫，芳香而散，開(kai)(kai)心孔(kong)，利(li)九(jiu)竅，明耳(er)目(mu)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)聲音，去濕(shi)除風(feng)，逐痰消(xiao)積，開(kai)(kai)胃(wei)寬中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)噤口毒(du)痢。”【現代研究】1．化學(xue)成分(fen)：本(ben)品(pin)含揮發(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)0．11％～0．42％，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)要為(wei)β-細(xi)辛醚(mi)、α-細(xi)辛醚(mi)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)竹烯、α-葎草(cao)烯、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)醚(mi)、細(xi)辛醚(mi)等(deng)，尚(shang)含有(you)(you)(you)氨基酸(suan)、有(you)(you)(you)機酸(suan)和(he)糖類。2．藥(yao)理(li)作用(yong)：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)水(shui)煎(jian)劑(ji)、揮發(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)、或細(xi)辛醚(mi)、β-細(xi)辛醚(mi)均有(you)(you)(you)鎮靜(jing)作用(yong)和(he)抗驚厥作用(yong)；對豚鼠離體氣管和(he)回腸(chang)(chang)有(you)(you)(you)很強的(de)解痙作用(yong)；石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)揮發(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)靜(jing)脈(mo)注射(she)有(you)(you)(you)肯定(ding)的(de)平喘(chuan)作用(yong)，與舒喘(chuan)靈吸入(ru)后(hou)的(de)即時(shi)(shi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)相(xiang)似；石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)揮發(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)對大鼠由(you)烏(wu)頭堿誘(you)發(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)心律(lv)失(shi)常(chang)有(you)(you)(you)一定(ding)治(zhi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)作用(yong)，并能對抗由(you)腎上(shang)(shang)腺素或氯化鋇誘(you)發(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)心律(lv)失(shi)常(chang)，揮發(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)治(zhi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)量時(shi)(shi)還有(you)(you)(you)減慢心律(lv)作用(yong)；煎(jian)劑(ji)可(ke)促(cu)進消(xiao)化液(ye)(ye)(ye)分(fen)泌，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)胃(wei)腸(chang)(chang)的(de)異常(chang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)；高濃度(du)浸出液(ye)(ye)(ye)對常(chang)見致病(bing)性皮膚真菌有(you)(you)(you)抑制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作用(yong)。3．臨床研究：華(hua)東地(di)區38家(jia)醫(yi)院用(yong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)注射(she)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)0.5％總(zong)揮發(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye))治(zhi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)肺(fei)性腦(nao)病(bing)279例次，總(zong)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)率為(wei)74．9％（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成藥(yao)研究，1990，2：37）；以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)、川(chuan)芎、干地(di)龍各10g，雞血藤、澤(ze)瀉各25g制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成口服(fu)(fu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)（每(mei)ml含生(sheng)藥(yao)1g），治(zhi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)腦(nao)梗塞36例，總(zong)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)率為(wei)88．89％（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西醫(yi)結合雜志，1994，2：117）；以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)煎(jian)劑(ji)（每(mei)30ml含石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)干品(pin)10g）治(zhi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)癲癇60例，結果顯效(xiao)(xiao)17例，有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)28例，有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)率75％（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)醫(yi)學(xue)雜志，1978，1：62）；以(yi)四七湯（制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)半夏(xia)、朱茯苓、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)、枳(zhi)實、郁金）加(jia)味治(zhi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)老(lao)年(nian)性癡呆(dai)30例，與對照組腦(nao)復新相(xiang)比(bi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)顯著，對老(lao)年(nian)性癡呆(dai)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)風(feng)合并癡呆(dai)有(you)(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)好治(zhi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)作用(yong)（陜(shan)西中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)，1996，3：112）。另(ling)有(you)(you)(you)用(yong)單味菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)煎(jian)服(fu)(fu)治(zhi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)神(shen)經(jing)(jing)性嘔吐，以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)復方治(zhi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)腦(nao)震蕩后(hou)遺(yi)癥(zheng)、神(shen)經(jing)(jing)衰(shuai)弱、心肌(ji)梗死、失(shi)音、慢性咽喉(hou)疾(ji)患(huan)等(deng)。【其它】古代文(wen)獻稱菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)以(yi)“一寸九(jiu)節者(zhe)良(liang)(liang)”，故(gu)本(ben)品(pin)亦稱為(wei)九(jiu)節菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)。但現代所用(yong)之九(jiu)節菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)為(wei)毛(mao)茛科植物阿爾泰(tai)銀蓮花sch.的(de)根莖，不(bu)得與石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)相(xiang)混淆(xiao)。安神(shen)鎮靜(jing)茶：[組成]龍齒9克、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)6克。龍齒連崮[功效(xiao)(xiao)]癲癇、癲狂、心神(shen)不(bu)寧、勞神(shen)過度(du)、失(shi)眠、多(duo)夢、神(shen)經(jing)(jing)衰(shuai)弱、心悸等(deng)[制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法]每(mei)日一劑(ji)，裝入(ru)紗布袋(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)放入(ru)暖瓶中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，沖入(ru)600亳升開(kai)(kai)水(shui)，當茶渴即可(ke)。[注意事項]感冒(mao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)燒者(zhe)不(bu)宜飲用(yong)。

【藥(yao)(yao)物(wu)(wu)別(bie)名】九(jiu)(jiu)節(jie)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(古(gu))，山菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蜈(wu)蚣(gong)、水(shui)劍草(cao)(cao)(cao)。本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天南(nan)星(xing)科植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)AcorustatarinowiiSchott的(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)燥(zao)根(gen)莖。秋、冬二季采挖(wa)，除去(qu)須(xu)根(gen)及泥沙，曬(shai)干(gan)。【制(zhi)(zhi)法】除去(qu)雜(za)(za)質，洗凈，潤透，切厚(hou)片(pian)，曬(shai)干(gan)。【性(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)】本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)呈扁圓柱形，多彎曲(qu)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)分(fen)枝(zhi)，長(chang)(chang)3~20cm，直徑(jing)0.3~1cm。表(biao)面(mian)(mian)棕(zong)褐色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)或(huo)(huo)(huo)灰棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)，粗糙(cao)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)疏密(mi)不(bu)(bu)勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)節(jie)，節(jie)間長(chang)(chang)0.2~0.8cm，具細(xi)縱紋，一面(mian)(mian)殘留(liu)須(xu)根(gen)或(huo)(huo)(huo)圓點(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)根(gen)痕(hen)(hen);葉(xie)痕(hen)(hen)呈三(san)角形，左(zuo)右交互排列，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)毛(mao)鱗狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)葉(xie)基(ji)殘余(yu)。質硬(ying)，斷面(mian)(mian)纖維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)性(xing)(xing)，類(lei)白色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)或(huo)(huo)(huo)微(wei)(wei)紅(hong)(hong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)，內(nei)皮(pi)層(ceng)環(huan)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)，可(ke)見多數維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束小點(dian)(dian)及棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)油(you)(you)細(xi)胞。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)芳(fang)香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，味苦(ku)、微(wei)(wei)辛(xin)。【說明(ming)(ming)】辛(xin)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。歸心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，脾(pi)經(jing)。該物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)圖譜(pu)數據庫(ku)收錄的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)毒(du)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，其(qi)(qi)毒(du)性(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小鼠腹腔注射(she)(she)全(quan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氯仿提(ti)出物(wu)(wu)250-1000mg/kg，出現(xian)活動(dong)減少、肌(ji)張力增加(jia)(jia)、豎(shu)尾、眼瞼下(xia)(xia)垂(chui)、呼吸深慢、流涎、共(gong)濟失(shi)調、四肢外展、翻(fan)正(zheng)反射(she)(she)消(xiao)失(shi)、癱(tan)瘓死(si)亡。【功用(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)】1.痰(tan)(tan)蒙(meng)清竅(qiao)(qiao)，神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)志(zhi)昏(hun)迷。本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)辛(xin)開(kai)(kai)(kai)苦(ku)燥(zao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)通，芳(fang)香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)走竄，不(bu)(bu)但有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)開(kai)(kai)(kai)竅(qiao)(qiao)醒神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)功，且(qie)兼(jian)具化(hua)(hua)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，豁痰(tan)(tan)，辟穢之(zhi)(zhi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)擅長(chang)(chang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)痰(tan)(tan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)穢濁(zhuo)之(zhi)(zhi)邪蒙(meng)蔽清竅(qiao)(qiao)所致(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)志(zhi)昏(hun)亂。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)風(feng)痰(tan)(tan)迷心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竅(qiao)(qiao)，神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)志(zhi)昏(hun)亂、舌強不(bu)(bu)能(neng)語，常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)半夏(xia)、天南(nan)星(xing)、橘紅(hong)(hong)等(deng)(deng)燥(zao)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)痰(tan)(tan)藥(yao)(yao)合(he)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)滌(di)痰(tan)(tan)湯(tang)(《濟生(sheng)方(fang)》);若(ruo)(ruo)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)痰(tan)(tan)熱(re)(re)蒙(meng)蔽，高熱(re)(re)、神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)昏(hun)譫語者(zhe)(zhe)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)郁(yu)金(jin)、半夏(xia)、竹(zhu)瀝等(deng)(deng)配伍(wu)(wu)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)郁(yu)金(jin)湯(tang)(《溫(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)(bing)全(quan)書》);治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)痰(tan)(tan)熱(re)(re)癲癇(xian)抽搐，可(ke)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)枳實、竹(zhu)茹(ru)、黃(huang)連等(deng)(deng)配伍(wu)(wu)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)清心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)膽(dan)湯(tang)(《古(gu)今醫鑒》);治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)癲狂痰(tan)(tan)熱(re)(re)內(nei)盛者(zhe)(zhe)，可(ke)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)遠(yuan)志(zhi)、朱(zhu)(zhu)砂(sha)、生(sheng)鐵(tie)落(luo)(luo)同(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)生(sheng)鐵(tie)落(luo)(luo)飲(《醫學心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)悟》);用(yong)(yong)(yong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)濁(zhuo)蒙(meng)蔽，頭暈，嗜睡，健(jian)忘(wang)(wang)，耳鳴(ming)，耳聾(long)等(deng)(deng)癥(zheng)(zheng)，又常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)茯(fu)苓、遠(yuan)志(zhi)、龍(long)骨等(deng)(deng)配伍(wu)(wu)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)安(an)(an)(an)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)定(ding)(ding)志(zhi)丸(wan)(wan)(《醫學心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)悟》)。2.濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)阻中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)焦，脘(wan)(wan)腹痞滿，脹悶(men)(men)疼痛。本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)辛(xin)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)芳(fang)香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，善化(hua)(hua)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)濁(zhuo)、醒脾(pi)胃(wei)、行氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯、消(xiao)脹滿。用(yong)(yong)(yong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)濁(zhuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)阻，脘(wan)(wan)悶(men)(men)腹脹、痞塞疼痛，常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)砂(sha)仁(ren)、蒼(cang)術(shu)、厚(hou)樸同(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong);若(ruo)(ruo)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從熱(re)(re)化(hua)(hua)、濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)蘊(yun)伏、身熱(re)(re)吐利(li)、胸脘(wan)(wan)痞悶(men)(men)、舌苔黃(huang)膩者(zhe)(zhe)，可(ke)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)黃(huang)連、厚(hou)樸等(deng)(deng)配伍(wu)(wu)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)連樸飲(《霍亂論》)。3.噤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口痢(li)。本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)芳(fang)香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)化(hua)(hua)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、燥(zao)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，又行胃(wei)腸(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)濁(zhuo)、熱(re)(re)毒(du)蘊(yun)結(jie)腸(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所致(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)谷不(bu)(bu)納，痢(li)疾后(hou)(hou)重等(deng)(deng)，可(ke)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)黃(huang)連、茯(fu)苓、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蓮(lian)子等(deng)(deng)配伍(wu)(wu)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)開(kai)(kai)(kai)噤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)散(san)(san)(san)(《醫學心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)悟》)。4.健(jian)忘(wang)(wang)，失(shi)眠，耳鳴(ming)，耳聾(long)。本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)入心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)經(jing)，開(kai)(kai)(kai)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竅(qiao)(qiao)、益心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)智(zhi)、安(an)(an)(an)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)、聰耳明(ming)(ming)目，故(gu)(gu)(gu)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)上(shang)(shang)述諸癥(zheng)(zheng)。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)健(jian)忘(wang)(wang)證，常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人參、茯(fu)苓、菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)等(deng)(deng)配伍(wu)(wu)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)不(bu)(bu)忘(wang)(wang)散(san)(san)(san)(《證治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)準繩》)、開(kai)(kai)(kai)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)散(san)(san)(san)(《千金(jin)方(fang)》);治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勞心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)過度(du)、心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)失(shi)養引發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)失(shi)眠、多夢、心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)悸怔忡，常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人參、白術(shu)、龍(long)眼肉及酸(suan)(suan)(suan)棗(zao)仁(ren)、茯(fu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)、朱(zhu)(zhu)砂(sha)等(deng)(deng)配伍(wu)(wu)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)安(an)(an)(an)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)定(ding)(ding)志(zhi)丸(wan)(wan)(《雜(za)(za)病(bing)(bing)源流犀燭》);治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)腎兩虛、耳鳴(ming)耳聾(long)、頭昏(hun)、心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)悸，常(chang)(chang)(chang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)菟絲子、女貞子、旱蓮(lian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)及丹參、夜交藤(teng)等(deng)(deng)配伍(wu)(wu)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)安(an)(an)(an)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)補心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)丸(wan)(wan)(《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)制(zhi)(zhi)劑(ji)手冊》)。此外，還可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)聲(sheng)音嘶(si)啞、癰疽瘡瘍、風(feng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)痹痛、跌打(da)損傷等(deng)(deng)證。【鑒別(bie)】(1)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)橫切面(mian)(mian)：表(biao)皮(pi)細(xi)胞外壁(bi)增厚(hou)，棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)(han)(han)(han)紅(hong)(hong)棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)物(wu)(wu)。皮(pi)層(ceng)寬廣，散(san)(san)(san)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)纖維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)束及葉(xie)跡維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束;葉(xie)跡維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束外韌型，維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束鞘纖維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)成(cheng)環(huan)，木化(hua)(hua);內(nei)皮(pi)層(ceng)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)柱維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束周(zhou)木型及外韌型，維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束鞘纖維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)較少。纖維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)束及維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束鞘纖維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)周(zhou)圍(wei)細(xi)胞中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)含(han)(han)(han)(han)草(cao)(cao)(cao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鈣方(fang)晶，形成(cheng)晶纖維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。薄壁(bi)組(zu)織中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)散(san)(san)(san)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)類(lei)圓形油(you)(you)細(xi)胞;并含(han)(han)(han)(han)淀粉粒。(2)取(qu)〔含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)測定(ding)(ding)〕項下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)揮(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)，加(jia)(jia)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)醚(mi)(60~90℃)制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)每1ml含(han)(han)(han)(han)2μl的(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)供(gong)(gong)試(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)。另取(qu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)藥(yao)(yao)材，同(tong)法制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)藥(yao)(yao)材溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)。照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)薄層(ceng)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)譜(pu)法(附錄ⅥB)試(shi)驗，吸取(qu)上(shang)(shang)述兩種(zhong)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)各(ge)1μl，分(fen)別(bie)點(dian)(dian)于(yu)同(tong)一以(yi)(yi)(yi)0.5%羧甲基(ji)纖維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)鈉溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黏合(he)劑(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)硅(gui)膠G薄層(ceng)板(ban)上(shang)(shang)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)醚(mi)(60~90℃)-醋酸(suan)(suan)(suan)乙(yi)酯(8：2)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)展開(kai)(kai)(kai)劑(ji)，展開(kai)(kai)(kai)，取(qu)出，晾干(gan)，放(fang)置約1小時(shi)，置紫外光(guang)燈(365nm)下(xia)(xia)檢(jian)視。供(gong)(gong)試(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)譜(pu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，在與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)譜(pu)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置上(shang)(shang)，顯(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)同(tong)顏色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熒(ying)光(guang)斑(ban)點(dian)(dian);再以(yi)(yi)(yi)碘(dian)蒸(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)熏至(zhi)斑(ban)點(dian)(dian)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)清晰(xi)，日光(guang)下(xia)(xia)檢(jian)視，供(gong)(gong)試(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)譜(pu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，在與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)藥(yao)(yao)材色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)譜(pu)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置上(shang)(shang)，顯(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)同(tong)顏色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)斑(ban)點(dian)(dian)。【含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)測定(ding)(ding)】照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)揮(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)測定(ding)(ding)法(附錄ⅩD)測定(ding)(ding)。本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)含(han)(han)(han)(han)揮(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)得少于(yu)1.0%(ml/g)。【性(xing)(xing)味歸經(jing)】辛(xin)、苦(ku)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。歸心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、胃(wei)經(jing)。【功能(neng)主治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)】化(hua)(hua)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)胃(wei)，開(kai)(kai)(kai)竅(qiao)(qiao)豁痰(tan)(tan)，醒神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)益智(zhi)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)脘(wan)(wan)痞不(bu)(bu)饑，噤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口下(xia)(xia)痢(li)，神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)昏(hun)癲癇(xian)，健(jian)忘(wang)(wang)耳聾(long)。【用(yong)(yong)(yong)法用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)】3~9g。【貯(zhu)藏】置干(gan)燥(zao)處，防霉。【摘(zhai)錄】《全(quan)國中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)匯編》注：需要指(zhi)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)是，本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)由于(yu)辛(xin)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)陰虛血(xue)(xue)熱(re)(re)者(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)宜服用(yong)(yong)(yong)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)干(gan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)3~10g，鮮品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)10~15g。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)屬(shu)芳(fang)香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)藥(yao)(yao)，揮(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)系其(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)成(cheng)分(fen)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)入煎(jian)(jian)劑(ji)宜后(hou)(hou)下(xia)(xia)，注意不(bu)(bu)宜入煎(jian)(jian)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)免(mian)降低療(liao)(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。【古(gu)籍摘(zhai)要】1.《神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)(cao)經(jing)》：“主風(feng)寒濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)痹，咳(ke)逆上(shang)(shang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，開(kai)(kai)(kai)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)孔(kong)，補五(wu)臟，通九(jiu)(jiu)竅(qiao)(qiao)，明(ming)(ming)耳目，出音聲(sheng)。久服輕身，不(bu)(bu)忘(wang)(wang)，不(bu)(bu)迷惑(huo)，延年。”2.《本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)(cao)綱目》：“治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)惡卒死(si)，客忤癲癇(xian)，下(xia)(xia)血(xue)(xue)崩中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，安(an)(an)(an)胎漏，散(san)(san)(san)癰腫。”3.《本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)(cao)從新》：“辛(xin)苦(ku)而溫(wen)(wen)(wen)，芳(fang)香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)而散(san)(san)(san)，開(kai)(kai)(kai)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)孔(kong)，利(li)九(jiu)(jiu)竅(qiao)(qiao)，明(ming)(ming)耳目，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)聲(sheng)音，去(qu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)除風(feng)，逐痰(tan)(tan)消(xiao)積，開(kai)(kai)(kai)胃(wei)寬中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，療(liao)(liao)噤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口毒(du)痢(li)。”【現(xian)代(dai)研(yan)究】1.化(hua)(hua)學成(cheng)分(fen)：本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)含(han)(han)(han)(han)揮(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)0.11%~0.42%，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)主要為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)β-細(xi)辛(xin)醚(mi)、α-細(xi)辛(xin)醚(mi)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)竹(zhu)烯(xi)、α-葎草(cao)(cao)(cao)烯(xi)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)醚(mi)、細(xi)辛(xin)醚(mi)等(deng)(deng)，尚含(han)(han)(han)(han)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)氨基(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)糖類(lei)。2.藥(yao)(yao)理(li)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)水(shui)煎(jian)(jian)劑(ji)、揮(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)、或(huo)(huo)(huo)細(xi)辛(xin)醚(mi)、β-細(xi)辛(xin)醚(mi)均有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鎮(zhen)靜(jing)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)抗驚厥作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong);對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)豚鼠離體氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)回腸(chang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)很(hen)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)解痙作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong);石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)揮(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)靜(jing)脈注射(she)(she)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)肯定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平喘作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舒喘靈吸入后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)即時(shi)療(liao)(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)相(xiang)似(si);石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)揮(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)大鼠由烏頭堿誘發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)律(lv)失(shi)常(chang)(chang)(chang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一定(ding)(ding)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，并能(neng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)抗由腎上(shang)(shang)腺(xian)素(su)(su)或(huo)(huo)(huo)氯化(hua)(hua)鋇誘發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)律(lv)失(shi)常(chang)(chang)(chang)，揮(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)量(liang)時(shi)還有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)減慢心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)律(lv)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong);煎(jian)(jian)劑(ji)可(ke)促(cu)進消(xiao)化(hua)(hua)液(ye)(ye)(ye)分(fen)泌，制(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)胃(wei)腸(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)異常(chang)(chang)(chang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)酵;高濃度(du)浸出液(ye)(ye)(ye)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)常(chang)(chang)(chang)見致(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)性(xing)(xing)皮(pi)膚真菌有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。3.臨床研(yan)究：華東地(di)區38家醫院用(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)注射(she)(she)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)0.5%總(zong)揮(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)油(you)(you)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye))治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)肺性(xing)(xing)腦病(bing)(bing)279例(li)次，總(zong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)74.9%(中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)藥(yao)(yao)研(yan)究，1990，2：37);以(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)、川芎、干(gan)地(di)龍(long)各(ge)10g，雞(ji)血(xue)(xue)藤(teng)、澤瀉各(ge)25g制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)口服液(ye)(ye)(ye)(每ml含(han)(han)(han)(han)生(sheng)藥(yao)(yao)1g)，治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)腦梗(geng)塞36例(li)，總(zong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)88.89%(中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)醫結(jie)合(he)雜(za)(za)志(zhi)，1994，2：117);以(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)煎(jian)(jian)劑(ji)(每30ml含(han)(han)(han)(han)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)干(gan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)10g)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)癲癇(xian)60例(li)，結(jie)果顯(xian)(xian)(xian)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)17例(li)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)28例(li)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)75%(中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華醫學雜(za)(za)志(zhi)，1978，1：62);以(yi)(yi)(yi)四七湯(tang)(制(zhi)(zhi)半夏(xia)、朱(zhu)(zhu)茯(fu)苓、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)、枳實、郁(yu)金(jin))加(jia)(jia)味治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)老年性(xing)(xing)癡呆30例(li)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)組(zu)腦復新相(xiang)比(bi)療(liao)(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)著，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)老年性(xing)(xing)癡呆、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)風(feng)合(he)并癡呆有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)好治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(陜西(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫，1996，3：112)。另有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)單味菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)煎(jian)(jian)服治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)性(xing)(xing)嘔吐，以(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)復方(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)(liao)腦震蕩后(hou)(hou)遺癥(zheng)(zheng)、神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)衰弱、心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)肌(ji)梗(geng)死(si)、失(shi)音、慢性(xing)(xing)咽喉疾患(huan)等(deng)(deng)。【其(qi)(qi)它(ta)】古(gu)代(dai)文(wen)獻稱菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)“一寸九(jiu)(jiu)節(jie)者(zhe)(zhe)良(liang)(liang)”，故(gu)(gu)(gu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)亦稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)九(jiu)(jiu)節(jie)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)。但現(xian)代(dai)所用(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)(jiu)節(jie)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)毛(mao)茛科植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)阿爾泰銀蓮(lian)花(hua)AnemonealtaicaFisch.的(de)(de)(de)(de)根(gen)莖，不(bu)(bu)得與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)相(xiang)混淆(xiao)。安(an)(an)(an)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)鎮(zhen)靜(jing)茶(cha)：[組(zu)成(cheng)]龍(long)齒9克(ke)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)6克(ke)。龍(long)齒連崮[功效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)]癲癇(xian)、癲狂、心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)寧、勞神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)過度(du)、失(shi)眠、多夢、神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)衰弱、心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)悸等(deng)(deng)[制(zhi)(zhi)法]每日一劑(ji)，裝入紗(sha)布袋中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)放(fang)入暖瓶(ping)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，沖(chong)入600亳升開(kai)(kai)(kai)水(shui)，當茶(cha)渴即可(ke)。[注意事項]感冒(mao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)燒者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)宜飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)。

石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(《本(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)圖經(jing)(jing)(jing)》)【異名(ming)】昌本(ben)(ben)(ben)(《周禮(li)》)，菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)、昌陽(《本(ben)(ben)(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》)，昌羊(yang)(《淮南子(zi)(zi)(zi)》)，堯時薤、堯韭(《吳普(pu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)》)，木(mu)(mu)蠟(la)、陽春雪、望(wang)見消(xiao)(《仙(xian)傳(chuan)外(wai)(wai)科(ke)集(ji)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》)，九(jiu)節(jie)(jie)(jie)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(《滇南本(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)》)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)劍(jian)草(cao)(cao)(《綱目(mu)(mu)》)，苦(ku)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(《生藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)備要》)，粉菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(《中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)手(shou)冊(ce)》)，劍(jian)草(cao)(cao)(《貴州民間方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)集(ji)》)，劍(jian)葉(xie)(xie)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(《四(si)川中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)志(zhi)》)，山菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)、溪(xi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(《藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)學(xue)》)，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蜈蚣(廣(guang)(guang)州部(bu)(bu)隊《常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)手(shou)冊(ce)》)，野(ye)韭菜、水(shui)(shui)(shui)蜈蚣、香(xiang)草(cao)(cao)(《廣(guang)(guang)西中(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)》)。為(wei)天南里(li)科(ke)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)的(de)(de)(de)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)莖(jing)(jing)。【植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)態】石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)多年生草(cao)(cao)本(ben)(ben)(ben)，根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)莖(jing)(jing)橫(heng)臥，直徑(jing)5～8毫米(mi)(mi)，外(wai)(wai)皮(pi)(pi)黃(huang)(huang)褐色(se)。葉(xie)(xie)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)生；劍(jian)狀線(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)30～50厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)，寬2～6毫米(mi)(mi)，罕達1厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)，先端漸尖，暗綠色(se)，有光澤，葉(xie)(xie)脈平(ping)行，無(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)脈。花莖(jing)(jing)高10～30厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)，扁(bian)(bian)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)棱形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；佛焰苞葉(xie)(xie)狀，長(chang)(chang)(chang)7～20厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)，寬2～4毫米(mi)(mi)；肉(rou)穗花序自佛焰苞中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)旁(pang)側裸(luo)露(lu)而出(chu)，無(wu)梗，斜上(shang)或(huo)稍(shao)直立，呈(cheng)狹(xia)圓(yuan)柱(zhu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，柔(rou)弱，長(chang)(chang)(chang)5～12厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)，直徑(jing)2～4毫米(mi)(mi)；花兩(liang)(liang)(liang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，淡黃(huang)(huang)綠色(se)，密生；花被6，倒(dao)卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，先端鈍；雄蕊6，稍(shao)長(chang)(chang)(chang)于花被，花藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)，花絲(si)扁(bian)(bian)線(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；子(zi)(zi)(zi)房長(chang)(chang)(chang)橢圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。漿果肉(rou)質，倒(dao)卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)寬均(jun)約(yue)2毫米(mi)(mi)。花期6～7月(yue)。果期8月(yue)。生長(chang)(chang)(chang)于山澗泉(quan)流(liu)附(fu)近或(huo)泉(quan)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間。分(fen)布長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)及其(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)南各(ge)(ge)(ge)地(di)。本(ben)(ben)(ben)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)葉(xie)(xie)(菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)葉(xie)(xie))、花(石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)花)亦供藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，各(ge)(ge)(ge)詳專條(tiao)。【采(cai)集(ji)】秋季采(cai)挖(wa)，除去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)莖(jing)(jing)葉(xie)(xie)及須根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)，洗(xi)凈(jing)。或(huo)切(qie)(qie)成10厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)左右(you)的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)段，曬干。【藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)】干燥(zao)報(bao)莖(jing)(jing)略呈(cheng)扁(bian)(bian)圓(yuan)柱(zhu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，稍(shao)彎曲，有時分(fen)歧，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)長(chang)(chang)(chang)3～20厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)，直徑(jing)約(yue)0.5～1厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)。表面灰黃(huang)(huang)色(se)、紅棕(zong)色(se)或(huo)棕(zong)色(se)，環節(jie)(jie)(jie)緊密，節(jie)(jie)(jie)間長(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)3～6毫米(mi)(mi)，有略呈(cheng)扁(bian)(bian)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)葉(xie)(xie)痕，左右(you)交互(hu)排(pai)列，下(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)具(ju)多數(shu)圓(yuan)點狀突起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)痕，并有細(xi)(xi)皺紋，節(jie)(jie)(jie)間有時殘(can)留葉(xie)(xie)基，纖(xian)維狀，偶有短小(xiao)細(xi)(xi)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)。質堅硬(ying)，難折斷(duan)(duan)，斷(duan)(duan)面纖(xian)維性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，類(lei)白(bai)(bai)色(se)至淡棕(zong)色(se)，可見環狀的(de)(de)(de)內皮(pi)(pi)層(ceng)，維管束(shu)散(san)(san)在，中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)部(bu)(bu)較(jiao)顯(xian)著。氣(qi)芳香(xiang)，味(wei)微辛。以(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)長(chang)(chang)(chang)、粗肥、斷(duan)(duan)面類(lei)白(bai)(bai)色(se)、纖(xian)維性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)弱者(zhe)佳。主產四(si)川、浙江(jiang)(jiang)、江(jiang)(jiang)蘇等(deng)地(di)。除上(shang)述品(pin)種外(wai)(wai)，尚有變種植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)細(xi)(xi)葉(xie)(xie)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(又名(ming)：錢(qian)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu))的(de)(de)(de)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)莖(jing)(jing)，亦同等(deng)入(ru)(ru)(ru)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鮮(xian)品(pin)，亦稱鮮(xian)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)。古代(dai)文獻稱菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)"一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)九(jiu)節(jie)(jie)(jie)者(zhe)良(liang)(liang)"，故(gu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)品(pin)亦有九(jiu)節(jie)(jie)(jie)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)，但目(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)華(hua)北一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)毛(mao)茛科(ke)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)阿爾(er)泰銀(yin)蓮花的(de)(de)(de)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)莖(jing)(jing)作九(jiu)節(jie)(jie)(jie)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)。參見"九(jiu)節(jie)(jie)(jie)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)"條(tiao)。【化學(xue)成分(fen)】根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)莖(jing)(jing)和(he)葉(xie)(xie)中(zhong)(zhong)均(jun)含揮發油(you)(0.11～0.42%)，其(qi)主要成分(fen)是β-細(xi)(xi)辛醚(mi)63.2～81.2%，細(xi)(xi)辛醚(mi)8.8～13.7%，其(qi)次為(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)竹烯(xi)、α-葎草(cao)(cao)烯(xi)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)醚(mi)等(deng)。還含氨基酸(suan)、有機酸(suan)和(he)糖(tang)(tang)類(lei)。【炮制】揀去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)雜質，洗(xi)凈(jing)，稍(shao)浸泡，潤透，切(qie)(qie)片(pian)(pian)，曬干。《雷公炮炙(zhi)論》："采(cai)得菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)后，用(yong)(yong)(yong)銅刀刮(gua)上(shang)黃(huang)(huang)黑(hei)硬(ying)節(jie)(jie)(jie)皮(pi)(pi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)重，以(yi)(yi)(yi)嫩桑枝(zhi)條(tiao)相拌蒸，出(chu)，曬干，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)桑條(tiao)，銼(cuo)(cuo)(cuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。"【性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)味(wei)】辛，微溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，①《本(ben)(ben)(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》："辛，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。"②《另口(kou)(kou)(kou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)》："無(wu)毒(du)(du)。"③《藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)論》："味(wei)苦(ku)辛，無(wu)毒(du)(du)。"【歸經(jing)(jing)(jing)】入(ru)(ru)(ru)口(kou)(kou)(kou)、肝、脾經(jing)(jing)(jing)。①《綱目(mu)(mu)》："手(shou)少陰(yin)(yin)、足厥(jue)陰(yin)(yin)。"②《雷公炮制藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)解》："入(ru)(ru)(ru)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、脾、膀胱三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)經(jing)(jing)(jing)。"③《本(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)解》："入(ru)(ru)(ru)足厥(jue)陰(yin)(yin)肝經(jing)(jing)(jing)、手(shou)太陰(yin)(yin)肺經(jing)(jing)(jing)。"【功用(yong)(yong)(yong)主治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)】開竅(qiao)(qiao)，豁(huo)(huo)痰(tan)，理氣(qi)，活血(xue)(xue)(xue)，散(san)(san)風(feng)(feng)，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)癲(dian)(dian)癇(xian)，痰(tan)厥(jue)，熱(re)(re)(re)病神(shen)昏(hun)，健忘，氣(qi)閉耳(er)(er)聾(long)，心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)胸煩(fan)悶，胃(wei)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)，腹痛(tong)(tong)(tong)，風(feng)(feng)寒濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)痹(bi)(bi)(bi)，癰(yong)疽腫(zhong)毒(du)(du)，跌打損(sun)傷。化濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開胃(wei)，開竅(qiao)(qiao)豁(huo)(huo)痰(tan)，醒神(shen)益(yi)智。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于脘痞不(bu)饑、噤(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)下(xia)(xia)痢(li)、神(shen)昏(hun)癲(dian)(dian)癇(xian)、健忘耳(er)(er)聾(long)。①《本(ben)(ben)(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》："主風(feng)(feng)寒濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)痹(bi)(bi)(bi)，咳逆(ni)上(shang)氣(qi)，開心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)孔(kong)，補(bu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臟，通(tong)九(jiu)竅(qiao)(qiao)，明(ming)耳(er)(er)目(mu)(mu)，出(chu)音聲(sheng)。"②《別(bie)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)》："主耳(er)(er)聾(long)，癰(yong)瘡(chuang)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)腸(chang)胃(wei)，止(zhi)小(xiao)便利，四(si)肢濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)痹(bi)(bi)(bi)，不(bu)得屈伸，小(xiao)兒(er)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)瘧，身積(ji)熱(re)(re)(re)不(bu)解，可作浴湯(tang)(tang)。聰(cong)耳(er)(er)目(mu)(mu)，益(yi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)智。"③《藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)論》："治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)(feng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)頑痹(bi)(bi)(bi)，耳(er)(er)鳴，頭風(feng)(feng)，淚下(xia)(xia)，殺(sha)諸(zhu)蟲，治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惡(e)瘡(chuang)疥瘙。"④《日(ri)(ri)華(hua)子(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)》："除風(feng)(feng)下(xia)(xia)氣(qi)，除煩(fan)悶，止(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)腹痛(tong)(tong)(tong)，霍亂(luan)轉筋。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)客風(feng)(feng)瘡(chuang)疥，澀小(xiao)便，殺(sha)腹藏蟲。耳(er)(er)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)：作末(mo)(mo)、炒(chao)，承(cheng)熱(re)(re)(re)裹(guo)窨，甚驗(yan)(yan)(yan)。"⑤王好古："治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)積(ji)伏粱。"⑥《滇南本(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)》："治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)種胃(wei)氣(qi)，止(zhi)疼(teng)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)。"⑦《綱目(mu)(mu)》："治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)惡(e)卒(zu)死(si)，客忤癲(dian)(dian)癇(xian)，下(xia)(xia)血(xue)(xue)(xue)崩中(zhong)(zhong)，安胎(tai)漏。散(san)(san)癰(yong)腫(zhong)。搗(dao)(dao)汁(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)，解巴豆、大(da)戟毒(du)(du)。"⑧《本(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)備要》："補(bu)肝益(yi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)逐風(feng)(feng)，除痰(tan)消(xiao)積(ji)，開胃(wei)寬中(zhong)(zhong)。療噤(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)毒(du)(du)痢(li)，風(feng)(feng)痹(bi)(bi)(bi)驚癇(xian)。"⑨《本(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)再(zai)新》："止(zhi)鼻血(xue)(xue)(xue)，散(san)(san)牙癰(yong)。"⑩廣(guang)(guang)州部(bu)(bu)隊《常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)手(shou)冊(ce)》："治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)(feng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)關節(jie)(jie)(jie)炎(yan)，腰腿(tui)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)，消(xiao)化不(bu)良(liang)(liang)，胃(wei)炎(yan)，熱(re)(re)(re)病神(shen)昏(hun)，精(jing)神(shen)病。"⑾《廣(guang)(guang)西中(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)》："治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)癲(dian)(dian)狂(kuang)，驚癇(xian)，痰(tan)厥(jue)昏(hun)迷，胸腹脹(zhang)悶或(huo)疼(teng)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)。"【用(yong)(yong)(yong)法與用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)】內服(fu)(fu)(fu)：煎湯(tang)(tang)，1～2錢(qian)(鮮(xian)者(zhe)3～8錢(qian))；或(huo)入(ru)(ru)(ru)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)、散(san)(san)。外(wai)(wai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)：煎水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)或(huo)研(yan)末(mo)(mo)調(diao)(diao)敷。【宜忌】陰(yin)(yin)虛(xu)陽亢、煩(fan)躁汗多、咳嗽、吐血(xue)(xue)(xue)、精(jing)滑者(zhe)慎服(fu)(fu)(fu)。①《本(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)集(ji)注(zhu)》："秦艽、秦皮(pi)(pi)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使。惡(e)地(di)膽、麻黃(huang)(huang)。"②《日(ri)(ri)華(hua)子(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)》："忌飴糖(tang)(tang)、羊(yang)肉(rou)。勿(wu)犯鐵器，令人(ren)吐逆(ni)。"③《醫學(xue)入(ru)(ru)(ru)門》："心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)勞、神(shen)耗者(zhe)禁用(yong)(yong)(yong)。"【貯藏】置干燥(zao)處，防霉。【選方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)】①治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)癲(dian)(dian)癇(xian)：九(jiu)節(jie)(jie)(jie)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)毛(mao)焙(bei)干)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)木(mu)(mu)臼杵為(wei)細(xi)(xi)末(mo)(mo)，不(bu)可犯鐵器，用(yong)(yong)(yong)黑(hei)豮豬心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)竹刀批開，砂罐(guan)煮(zhu)湯(tang)(tang)送下(xia)(xia)，每(mei)(mei)日(ri)(ri)空(kong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)服(fu)(fu)(fu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)、三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)錢(qian)。(《醫學(xue)正傳(chuan)》)②治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)少小(xiao)熱(re)(re)(re)風(feng)(feng)癇(xian)，兼(jian)失心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)者(zhe)：菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)九(jiu)節(jie)(jie)(jie)者(zhe))，宣連、車(che)前(qian)(qian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、生地(di)黃(huang)(huang)、苦(ku)參、地(di)骨皮(pi)(pi)各(ge)(ge)(ge)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)。上(shang)為(wei)末(mo)(mo)，蜜和(he)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)，如(ru)黍米(mi)(mi)大(da)，每(mei)(mei)食后服(fu)(fu)(fu)十五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)，不(bu)拘早晚，以(yi)(yi)(yi)飯下(xia)(xia)。忌羊(yang)肉(rou)、血(xue)(xue)(xue)、飴糖(tang)(tang)、桃、梅果物(wu)(wu)(wu)。(《普(pu)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan))③治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)痰(tan)迷心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竅(qiao)(qiao)：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)、生姜。共搗(dao)(dao)汁(zhi)灌下(xia)(xia)。(《梅氏驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)新編(bian)》)④治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)熱(re)(re)(re)、濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、冬溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邪(xie)，竄入(ru)(ru)(ru)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)包，神(shen)昏(hun)譫語，或(huo)不(bu)語，舌(she)苔焦黑(hei)，或(huo)笑或(huo)痙：連翹三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)錢(qian)(去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin))，犀角一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)錢(qian)，川貝母三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)錢(qian)(去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin))，鮮(xian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)錢(qian)。加牛黃(huang)(huang)至寶丹一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)顆，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)蠟(la)殼化沖。(《時病論》)⑤治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好忘：遠(yuan)(yuan)志(zhi)、人(ren)參各(ge)(ge)(ge)四(si)分(fen)，茯(fu)苓二(er)(er)(er)(er)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)，菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)。上(shang)四(si)味(wei)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)篩(shai)，飲(yin)服(fu)(fu)(fu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)匕(bi)，日(ri)(ri)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)。(《千(qian)金方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》開心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)散(san)(san))⑥治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)氣(qi)不(bu)定，五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臟不(bu)足，甚者(zhe)憂愁悲傷不(bu)樂，忽忽喜(xi)忘。朝(chao)差暮劇，暮差朝(chao)發，狂(kuang)眩：菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)、遠(yuan)(yuan)志(zhi)各(ge)(ge)(ge)二(er)(er)(er)(er)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)，茯(fu)苓、人(ren)參各(ge)(ge)(ge)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)。上(shang)四(si)味(wei)末(mo)(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，蜜丸(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)，飲(yin)服(fu)(fu)(fu)如(ru)梧子(zi)(zi)(zi)大(da)七丸(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)，日(ri)(ri)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)。(《千(qian)金方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》定志(zhi)小(xiao)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan))⑦治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)諸(zhu)食積(ji)、氣(qi)積(ji)、血(xue)(xue)(xue)積(ji)、鼓(gu)脹(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)八兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(銼(cuo)(cuo)(cuo))，斑貓(mao)四(si)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)翅足，二(er)(er)(er)(er)味(wei)同炒(chao)焦黃(huang)(huang)色(se)，揀去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)斑貓(mao)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong))。上(shang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)粗布袋盛(sheng)起(qi)，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)人(ren)牽(qian)掣去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)盡貓(mao)毒(du)(du)屑了，卻將菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)為(wei)細(xi)(xi)末(mo)(mo)，(丸(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan))如(ru)梧桐子(zi)(zi)(zi)大(da)，每(mei)(mei)服(fu)(fu)(fu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)十丸(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)酒(jiu)(jiu)或(huo)白(bai)(bai)湯(tang)(tang)送下(xia)(xia)。(《奇效良(liang)(liang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》)⑧治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)(feng)冷痹(bi)(bi)(bi)，身體俱(ju)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)：菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(銼(cuo)(cuo)(cuo))、生地(di)黃(huang)(huang)(去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)土(tu)，切(qie)(qie))、枸杞根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin))各(ge)(ge)(ge)四(si)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)，烏(wu)頭(炮裂，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)皮(pi)(pi)臍，銼(cuo)(cuo)(cuo))二(er)(er)(er)(er)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)，生商陸(lu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)土(tu)，切(qie)(qie))四(si)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)，生姜(切(qie)(qie)薄(bo)片(pian)(pian))八兩(liang)(liang)(liang)。上(shang)六味(wei)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)清酒(jiu)(jiu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)升漬一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宿(su)，暴干，復納酒(jiu)(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)酒(jiu)(jiu)盡為(wei)度，暴干，搗(dao)(dao)篩(shai)為(wei)細(xi)(xi)散(san)(san)。每(mei)(mei)服(fu)(fu)(fu)，空(kong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)酒(jiu)(jiu)調(diao)(diao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)錢(qian)匕(bi)，日(ri)(ri)再(zai)服(fu)(fu)(fu)。(《圣濟(ji)(ji)(ji)總錄(lu)(lu)(lu)》菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)散(san)(san))⑨治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)(er)聾(long)：菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)，巴豆一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)粒(li)(去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)皮(pi)(pi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin))。二(er)(er)(er)(er)物(wu)(wu)(wu)合搗(dao)(dao)，篩(shai)，分(fen)作七丸(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)，綿裹(guo)，臥即塞，夜易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。(《補(bu)缺肘后方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan))⑩治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)(er)聾(long)耳(er)(er)鳴如(ru)風(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)聲(sheng)：菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(米(mi)(mi)泔浸一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宿(su)，銼(cuo)(cuo)(cuo)，焙(bei))二(er)(er)(er)(er)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)，豬腎(shen)(去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)筋膜(mo)，細(xi)(xi)切(qie)(qie))一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)對(dui)，蔥白(bai)(bai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)握(wo)(擘(bo)碎)，米(mi)(mi)(淘)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)合。上(shang)四(si)味(wei)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)升半(ban)，(先)煮(zhu)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)，取汁(zhi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)升半(ban)，去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)滓，入(ru)(ru)(ru)豬腎(shen)、蔥白(bai)(bai)、米(mi)(mi)及五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)味(wei)作羹(geng)，如(ru)常(chang)(chang)法空(kong)腹食。(《圣濟(ji)(ji)(ji)總錄(lu)(lu)(lu)》菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)羹(geng))⑾治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)暑腹痛(tong)(tong)(tong)：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)苗(miao)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)至五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)錢(qian)。磨水(shui)(shui)(shui)頓(dun)服(fu)(fu)(fu)。(《江(jiang)(jiang)西草(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)》)⑿治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)噤(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)惡(e)痢(li)，粒(li)米(mi)(mi)不(bu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)者(zhe)：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)，川黃(huang)(huang)連、甘草(cao)(cao)、五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)谷蟲各(ge)(ge)(ge)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)錢(qian).為(wei)末(mo)(mo)，蜜湯(tang)(tang)調(diao)(diao)送少許。(《本(ben)(ben)(ben)草(cao)(cao)匯言》)⒀治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)霍亂(luan)吐瀉不(bu)止(zhi)：菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(切(qie)(qie)焙(bei))、高良(liang)(liang)姜、青(qing)橘皮(pi)(pi)(去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)白(bai)(bai)，焙(bei))各(ge)(ge)(ge)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)，白(bai)(bai)術，甘草(cao)(cao)(炙(zhi))各(ge)(ge)(ge)半(ban)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)。上(shang)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)味(wei)搗(dao)(dao)為(wei)粗末(mo)(mo)，每(mei)(mei)服(fu)(fu)(fu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)錢(qian)匕(bi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)盞，煎十數(shu)沸，傾(qing)出(chu)，放(fang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)頓(dun)服(fu)(fu)(fu)。(《圣濟(ji)(ji)(ji)總錄(lu)(lu)(lu)》菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)飲(yin))⒁治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赤白(bai)(bai)帶(dai)下(xia)(xia)：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)、破故(gu)紙(zhi)，等(deng)分(fen)。炒(chao)為(wei)末(mo)(mo)，每(mei)(mei)服(fu)(fu)(fu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)錢(qian)，更以(yi)(yi)(yi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)浸酒(jiu)(jiu)調(diao)(diao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)，日(ri)(ri)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)。(《婦人(ren)良(liang)(liang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》)⒂治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小(xiao)便一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夜數(shu)十行：-菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)、黃(huang)(huang)連，二(er)(er)(er)(er)物(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)分(fen)。治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篩(shai)，酒(jiu)(jiu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)匕(bi)。(《范汪方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》)⒃治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)癰(yong)腫(zhong)發背：生菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)搗(dao)(dao)貼，若瘡(chuang)干，搗(dao)(dao)末(mo)(mo)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)涂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。(《經(jing)(jing)(jing)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》)⒄治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)跌打損(sun)傷：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)鮮(xian)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)適量(liang)，甜酒(jiu)(jiu)糟少許，搗(dao)(dao)爛外(wai)(wai)敷。(《江(jiang)(jiang)西草(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)》)⒅治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喉(hou)痹(bi)(bi)(bi)腫(zhong)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)：菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)搗(dao)(dao)汁(zhi)，燒鐵秤(cheng)錘淬酒(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)杯飲(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。(《圣濟(ji)(ji)(ji)總錄(lu)(lu)(lu)》)⒆治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)諸(zhu)般(ban)亦眼(yan)，攀睛云翳：菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)自然(ran)汁(zhi)，文武火熬作膏，日(ri)(ri)點之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。(《圣濟(ji)(ji)(ji)總錄(lu)(lu)(lu)》)⒇治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陰(yin)(yin)汗濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)癢：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)菖(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)蒲(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)、蛇床(chuang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)等(deng)分(fen)，為(wei)末(mo)(mo)。日(ri)(ri)搽二(er)(er)(er)(er)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)次。(《濟(ji)(ji)(ji)急仙(xian)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》)

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