古代(dai)(dai)先(xian)(xian)賢(xian)(xian)們(men)(men)，用(yong)智(zhi)慧的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)筆墨寫(xie)下(xia)(xia)(xia)無(wu)(wu)(wu)數名篇(pian)，穿(chuan)越(yue)千(qian)年(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)古文中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思想(xiang)(xiang)與(yu)智(zhi)慧，依(yi)然熠(yi)熠(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)輝。其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)智(zhi)慧和道(dao)理(li)，足(zu)以(yi)(yi)讓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)受(shou)益一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。今天(tian)，就(jiu)給(gei)大(da)(da)家(jia)介紹6篇(pian)最具智(zhi)慧的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古文，讀(du)(du)懂了它(ta)們(men)(men)，讓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)受(shou)益一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。《兩(liang)小兒(er)(er)(er)辯(bian)日(ri)》孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)東(dong)游，見(jian)兩(liang)小兒(er)(er)(er)辯(bian)日(ri)，問(wen)(wen)(wen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)故(gu)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兒(er)(er)(er)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)以(yi)(yi)日(ri)始出(chu)(chu)時(shi)去(qu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)近(jin)，而(er)(er)日(ri)中(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兒(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)日(ri)初出(chu)(chu)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，而(er)(er)日(ri)中(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)近(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兒(er)(er)(er)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“日(ri)初出(chu)(chu)大(da)(da)如(ru)(ru)車蓋(gai)，及日(ri)中(zhong)(zhong)則(ze)如(ru)(ru)盤盂，此不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)小而(er)(er)近(jin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)大(da)(da)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu) ”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兒(er)(er)(er)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“日(ri)初出(chu)(chu)滄滄涼(liang)涼(liang)，及其(qi)(qi)(qi)日(ri)中(zhong)(zhong)如(ru)(ru)探湯，此不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)近(jin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)熱而(er)(er)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)涼(liang)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu) ”孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)決(jue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。兩(liang)小兒(er)(er)(er)笑曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“孰為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)汝(ru)(ru)多知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu) ”[解(jie)(jie)讀(du)(du)]尊(zun)(zun)(zun)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，比如(ru)(ru)孩童。尊(zun)(zun)(zun)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)道(dao)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)述，即使(shi)(shi)說(shuo)出(chu)(chu)這(zhe)(zhe)句話的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個孩童。兩(liang)個小孩子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)在(zai)(zai)討論(lun)太陽(yang)距(ju)(ju)離的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)近(jin)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)，孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個智(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，面對(dui)兩(liang)個小孩子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)議論(lun)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輕(qing)視，仔細傾(qing)聽(ting)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)說(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都(dou)(dou)(dou)十分有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)道(dao)理(li)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輕(qing)易判(pan)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)誰對(dui)誰錯。尊(zun)(zun)(zun)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)內(nei)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)養，我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)判(pan)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)議論(lun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否正確，而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“看(kan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)下(xia)(xia)(xia)菜碟”。我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)應(ying)(ying)該尊(zun)(zun)(zun)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)道(dao)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論(lun)述，尊(zun)(zun)(zun)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)他(ta)(ta)(ta)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。《晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)使(shi)(shi)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)》晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)將使(shi)(shi)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)。楚(chu)(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)聞(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，謂左右(you)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“晏(yan)(yan)(yan)嬰(ying)，齊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)習(xi)(xi)(xi)辭者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今方來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)，吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)欲辱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，何(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) ”左右(you)對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，臣請縛一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，過王(wang)(wang)而(er)(er)行，王(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘何(he)(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) ’對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘齊人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’王(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘何(he)(he)坐(zuo) ’曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘坐(zuo)盜(dao)。’”晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)至，楚(chu)(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)賜晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)酒(jiu)(jiu)，酒(jiu)(jiu)酣，吏(li)二縛一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)詣(yi)王(wang)(wang)。王(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“縛者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曷為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) ”對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“齊人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，坐(zuo)盜(dao)。”王(wang)(wang)視晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“齊人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)固善(shan)(shan)盜(dao)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu) ”晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)避席對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“嬰(ying)聞(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，橘(ju)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)淮南則(ze)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)橘(ju)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)淮北(bei)則(ze)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)枳，葉徒(tu)相似，其(qi)(qi)(qi)實味不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)然者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)(he) 水土(tu)(tu)異也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今民生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)齊不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)盜(dao)，入(ru)(ru)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)則(ze)盜(dao)，得(de)無(wu)(wu)(wu)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水土(tu)(tu)使(shi)(shi)民善(shan)(shan)盜(dao)耶 ”王(wang)(wang)笑曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“ 圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)非(fei)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)與(yu)熙也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，寡人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)反取(qu)(qu)病焉。”[解(jie)(jie)讀(du)(du)]人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)欲辱人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，必(bi)會(hui)(hui)自(zi)(zi)(zi)取(qu)(qu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)辱。晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)齊國人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，身(shen)材(cai)短小，口才出(chu)(chu)眾(zhong)。他(ta)(ta)(ta)出(chu)(chu)使(shi)(shi)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)國時(shi)，楚(chu)(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)幾次(ci)羞辱晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，都(dou)(dou)(dou)被(bei)晏(yan)(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)巧妙(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)擊，楚(chu)(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)落得(de)個自(zi)(zi)(zi)取(qu)(qu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)辱。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，總有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)消(xiao)費他(ta)(ta)(ta)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺點(dian)、窘(jiong)迫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)處，以(yi)(yi)達(da)到(dao)羞辱他(ta)(ta)(ta)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，保持(chi)(chi)或體現自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)越(yue)感(gan)。孰不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，你在(zai)(zai)羞辱他(ta)(ta)(ta)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體現出(chu)(chu)了自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)格(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺陷(xian)。俗話說(shuo)：敬人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)恒敬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位哲(zhe)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)說(shuo)過：我(wo)(wo)(wo)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)別人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)我(wo)(wo)(wo)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)很優(you)秀。慢慢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)我(wo)(wo)(wo)明白(bai)(bai)了，別人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)我(wo)(wo)(wo)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)別人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)很優(you)秀。《愚公(gong)移山(shan)》（節選）河(he)曲智(zhi)叟笑而(er)(er)止之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“甚矣，汝(ru)(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)惠！以(yi)(yi)殘年(nian)余(yu)力，曾(ceng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)毀(hui)山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)毛，其(qi)(qi)(qi)如(ru)(ru)土(tu)(tu)石(shi)何(he)(he) ”北(bei)山(shan)愚公(gong)長(chang)(chang)息曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“汝(ru)(ru)心之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)固，固不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可徹，曾(ceng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)若孀妻弱子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。雖(sui)我(wo)(wo)(wo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)死(si)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)存焉；子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)又(you)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)孫(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)，孫(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)又(you)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)；子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)又(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)又(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)孫(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)；子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孫(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)孫(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)無(wu)(wu)(wu)窮(qiong)匱也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，而(er)(er)山(shan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)加(jia)增，何(he)(he)苦而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)平 ”河(he)曲智(zhi)叟亡以(yi)(yi)應(ying)(ying)。[解(jie)(jie)讀(du)(du)]所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偉大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工程(cheng)，都(dou)(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)步(bu)完成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。只(zhi)要(yao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)信念，堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)懈，就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)達(da)到(dao)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de) 。愚公(gong)想(xiang)(xiang)要(yao)移山(shan)，卻(que)被(bei)鄰叟嘲(chao)笑異想(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)開(kai)，愚公(gong)說(shuo)：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孫(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)萬代(dai)(dai)都(dou)(dou)(dou)堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)做這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)件事(shi)(shi)(shi)情，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)可以(yi)(yi)達(da)到(dao)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de) 。”所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)被(bei)嘲(chao)笑異想(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夢想(xiang)(xiang)，在(zai)(zai)無(wu)(wu)(wu)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)努(nu)力之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，終(zhong)會(hui)(hui)實現。正如(ru)(ru)毛澤東(dong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)說(shuo)：世(shi)上(shang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)難(nan)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，只(zhi)要(yao)肯攀登！《陋(lou)室(shi)銘》唐(tang)·劉(liu)(liu)禹錫(xi)山(shan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)高，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)仙則(ze)名。水不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)深，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)龍則(ze)靈(ling)。斯是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)陋(lou)室(shi)，惟吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)德馨(xin)。苔痕上(shang)階(jie)綠，草色入(ru)(ru)簾青。談笑有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鴻儒，往來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)無(wu)(wu)(wu)白(bai)(bai)丁。可以(yi)(yi)調素琴，閱金(jin)經。無(wu)(wu)(wu)絲竹(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亂耳，無(wu)(wu)(wu)案牘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勞形。南陽(yang)諸(zhu)葛廬，西蜀子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)云(yun)亭，孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)云(yun)：何(he)(he)陋(lou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you) [解(jie)(jie)讀(du)(du)]陋(lou)室(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)陋(lou)，來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)內(nei)心廣博(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)識和所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)結交的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)益友，而(er)(er)非(fei)豪華(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外表和裝修(xiu)。劉(liu)(liu)禹錫(xi)寫(xie)下(xia)(xia)(xia)這(zhe)(zhe)篇(pian)古文時(shi)，正是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)永(yong)貞革(ge)新(xin)失敗，被(bei)貶到(dao)安徽(hui)和州為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)通(tong)判(pan)時(shi)，當地知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)故(gu)意為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)難(nan)他(ta)(ta)(ta)，給(gei)了他(ta)(ta)(ta)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)間(jian)只(zhi)能(neng)(neng)容下(xia)(xia)(xia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)床、一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)桌、一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)椅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小屋，劉(liu)(liu)禹錫(xi)憤(fen)然寫(xie)下(xia)(xia)(xia)這(zhe)(zhe)首《陋(lou)室(shi)銘》，以(yi)(yi)證“陋(lou)室(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)陋(lou)”。任何(he)(he)時(shi)候，改變(bian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)心境，而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)境。讓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)欣慰的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)房間(jian)大(da)(da)小，而(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)識廣博(bo)與(yu)否。如(ru)(ru)果我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)劉(liu)(liu)禹錫(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)樂(le)觀(guan)與(yu)通(tong)達(da)，那么(me)，居于(yu)(yu)(yu)任何(he)(he)困難(nan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境，都(dou)(dou)(dou)能(neng)(neng)像他(ta)(ta)(ta)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般：陋(lou)室(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)陋(lou)。《田(tian)(tian)忌(ji)(ji)賽(sai)(sai)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)》齊使(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)如(ru)(ru)梁，孫(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)臏以(yi)(yi)刑徒(tu)陰見(jian)，說(shuo)齊使(shi)(shi)。齊使(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)奇，竊(qie)載與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)齊。齊將田(tian)(tian)忌(ji)(ji)善(shan)(shan)而(er)(er)客待之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。忌(ji)(ji)數與(yu)齊諸(zhu)公(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)馳(chi)逐重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)射(she)。孫(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)見(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)足(zu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)甚相遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，馬(ma)(ma)(ma)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)上(shang)、中(zhong)(zhong)、下(xia)(xia)(xia)輩(bei)(bei)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)孫(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)謂田(tian)(tian)忌(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“君(jun)(jun)(jun)弟(di)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)射(she)，臣能(neng)(neng)令君(jun)(jun)(jun)勝。”田(tian)(tian)忌(ji)(ji)信然之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，與(yu)王(wang)(wang)及諸(zhu)公(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)逐射(she)千(qian)金(jin)。及臨質(zhi)，孫(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“今以(yi)(yi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)駟與(yu)彼(bi)上(shang)駟，取(qu)(qu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)上(shang)駟與(yu)彼(bi)中(zhong)(zhong)駟，取(qu)(qu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)中(zhong)(zhong)駟與(yu)彼(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)駟。”既馳(chi)三輩(bei)(bei)畢，而(er)(er)田(tian)(tian)忌(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)勝而(er)(er)再勝，卒得(de)王(wang)(wang)千(qian)金(jin)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)忌(ji)(ji)進孫(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)威王(wang)(wang)。威王(wang)(wang)問(wen)(wen)(wen)兵(bing)法，遂(sui)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)師(shi)(shi)(shi)。[解(jie)(jie)讀(du)(du)]田(tian)(tian)忌(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)心求勝，若想(xiang)(xiang)場(chang)(chang)場(chang)(chang)都(dou)(dou)(dou)贏，用(yong)同等水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)去(qu)比賽(sai)(sai)，則(ze)結果無(wu)(wu)(wu)法預知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，可若用(yong)自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)(xia)等馬(ma)(ma)(ma)去(qu)斗對(dui)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)等馬(ma)(ma)(ma)，輸一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)(chang)比賽(sai)(sai)，則(ze)必(bi)會(hui)(hui)取(qu)(qu)得(de)最后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勝利(li)。做任何(he)(he)事(shi)(shi)(shi)情，都(dou)(dou)(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)只(zhi)看(kan)眼前(qian)利(li)益，放長(chang)(chang)線才能(neng)(neng)釣大(da)(da)魚，當事(shi)(shi)(shi)情進入(ru)(ru)死(si)胡(hu)同時(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)妨換一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個角(jiao)度思考問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)，說(shuo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)定(ding)就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)守得(de)云(yun)開(kai)見(jian)月明。塞翁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)，焉知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)福。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)得(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)失的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)，淡然的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)面對(dui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切(qie)，才有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)會(hui)(hui)得(de)到(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)饋贈。《師(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)》古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)必(bi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)師(shi)(shi)(shi)。師(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)傳道(dao)受(shou)業(ye)(ye)解(jie)(jie)惑(huo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)非(fei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孰能(neng)(neng)無(wu)(wu)(wu)惑(huo) 惑(huo)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)從(cong)師(shi)(shi)(shi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)惑(huo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，終(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)解(jie)(jie)矣。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)前(qian)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)聞(wen)(wen)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)固先(xian)(xian)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)從(cong)而(er)(er)師(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)聞(wen)(wen)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)亦(yi)先(xian)(xian)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)從(cong)而(er)(er)師(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)師(shi)(shi)(shi)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，夫庸知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)吾(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu) 是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)貴無(wu)(wu)(wu)賤，無(wu)(wu)(wu)長(chang)(chang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)少(shao)，道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)存師(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)存也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。……圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)無(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)師(shi)(shi)(shi)。孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)郯(tan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、萇弘、師(shi)(shi)(shi)襄、老(lao)(lao)聃(dan)。郯(tan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒(tu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)賢(xian)(xian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)及孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“三人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)行，則(ze)必(bi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)我(wo)(wo)(wo)師(shi)(shi)(shi)”。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)必(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)(ru)師(shi)(shi)(shi)，師(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)必(bi)賢(xian)(xian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。聞(wen)(wen)道(dao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，術業(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)專(zhuan)攻，如(ru)(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)已。[解(jie)(jie)讀(du)(du)]學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)頂(ding)頂(ding)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)(shi)。而(er)(er)且，學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)(ru)老(lao)(lao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)，老(lao)(lao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)比學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)賢(xian)(xian)能(neng)(neng)，聽(ting)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)理(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)早(zao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)晚(wan)，學(xue)(xue)(xue)問(wen)(wen)(wen)技(ji)藝各有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)專(zhuan)長(chang)(chang)，如(ru)(ru)此罷了。在(zai)(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)比自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)優(you)秀，就(jiu)妄自(zi)(zi)(zi)菲薄，學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)早(zao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)晚(wan)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)差距(ju)(ju)很正常(chang)，只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)保持(chi)(chi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)顆(ke)永(yong)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)好學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心，才能(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)進步(bu)。這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)古言語，在(zai)(zai)千(qian)年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，帶(dai)給(gei)現代(dai)(dai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)哲(zhe)思，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)詩友們(men)(men)讀(du)(du)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，又(you)會(hui)(hui)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)哪些(xie)感(gan)悟呢 源自(zi)(zi)(zi)：中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)詩文學(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)(xi)
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