我(wo)們今(jin)天(tian)的(de)中國(guo)人(ren)，大(da)(da)多只有一個(ge)(ge)名(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。但在(zai)過去(qu)，人(ren)們的(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)遠沒有這么簡單(dan)。在(zai)通(tong)常情況下，除了名(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和姓(xing)氏以外，還有字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、號(hao)等。其中“字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”是古人(ren)長大(da)(da)后(hou)起的(de)，與(yu)“名(ming)(ming)(ming)”相連而通(tong)稱(cheng)名(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。我(wo)們今(jin)天(tian)常說(shuo)某某人(ren)叫什(shen)么名(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，按古人(ren)的(de)標(biao)準看就(jiu)包括“姓(xing)”、“名(ming)(ming)(ming)’，、“字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)’，三(san)個(ge)(ge)部分(fen)，三(san)者(zhe)各自(zi)獨(du)立而又相互依存(cun)，各有各的(de)性能和作用。
1 ．古人的名談到古人的“名”，總是與“字”聯系在一起。關于名和字及其作用，清朝人王應奎曾有過一個概括，說“古者名以正體，字以表德”。意思是說，名是用來區分彼此的，字則是表示個人品德或追求的，二者性質不同。不僅如此，古人“名”和“字”的用途也不大一樣。其中“名”一般是階段性的稱呼，小時候稱小名，大了叫大名。等有了“字，, , “名”就應該避諱，相稱時也只能稱“字”而不稱“名”。此外，在古人的“名”中，還有一類是小名。所謂小名，顧名思義，是人在少兒時所用的名字，又稱乳名、奶名、幼名或小字。我國起小名的習慣起源很早。在上古時期，人們都是在出生后不久起名，其目的只求能與別人區分開來，而不大講究名字是否典雅。如周公之子名禽，孔子之子名鯉，春秋時魏公子名蛆虱，漢代司馬相如名犬子，從這些名字可以看出，古人起小名時帶有很大的隨意性。由于小名一般只在家庭內部使用，所以，不僅古人不重視，而且現代人也仍然很隨意。如“小毛”、“小狗”、“小花”、“小因”等一些似乎登不得大雅之堂的名字，在全國各地都能見到。事實上，在起正式名字前起個小名，古今都有這一習慣。在古代，上至帝王將相，下至黎民百姓，人人都有小名。如魏武帝曹操小名阿瞞，南朝宋武帝劉裕小名寄奴，北朝魏太武帝拓跋煮小名拂貍伐，北周文帝宇文泰小名黑獺，宋孝宗趙慎小名小羊，明太祖朱元璋小名重八，上述這些無不都是稱孤道寡的帝王。 至于一些達官貴人、圣賢名流，也都有小名。如大思想家孔子小名丘，書法家王獻之小名官奴，文學家陶淵明小名溪狗，詩人謝靈運小名客兒，宰相王安石小名罐郎。不僅男性如此，女性也不例外。漢武帝皇后小名阿嬌，唐壽昌公主小名蟲娘，明代女畫家馬月嬌小名元兒，她們的小名同樣很隨意。至于那些生活時代離我們不遠的人，起小名的情況更加普遍。其中如蔡元培小名阿培，閻錫山小名萬喜子，小名大鶯，小名真訝子，夏丐尊小名釗，小名文豹，等等，都是典型事例。尤其是，在自己所寫的 《 少年時代 》 一書中還說過小名的來源，說：“我母親說我受胎的時候，夢見一個小豹子突然咬著她左手的虎口，便一覺醒了。所以，我的乳名叫文豹。”這種因為做夢而起的小名，無疑是小名來源的一個生動事例。盡管小名對人的作用和影響不及正式的名和字，但由于從古至今人人都有，因此，也是一個不容忽視的起名現象。特別是在隋唐以來，隨著人們對文化越來越重視，社會上還出現了一些專門研究小名的人，并相繼有一批研究小名的著作問世。如在唐代，陸龜蒙就曾把秦漢至隋唐800 年間的小名收集在一起，編成 《 小名錄 》3 卷。宋代，陳思在此基礎上編成 《 小字錄 》 。明代，沈弘正又為 《 小字錄 》 作 《 補錄 》1 卷。此外，宋代人張邦幾專門研究男仆女脾的小名，編寫了 《 侍兒小名錄拾遺 》 一書。此后，不少人又步他的后塵，研究男仆女脾的小名，或對他的書進行增補，其中已知的就有宋朝王銼的 《 補侍兒小名錄 》 、溫豫的 《 續補侍兒小名錄 》 、清朝李調元的 《 樂府侍兒小名 》 等。2 ．古人的字古時候，“名”與“字”在多數情況下共同構成一個人的代號，盡管用途不盡相同，二者之間還是有聯系的。古人大多因名起字，名與字內容毫不相干的情況幾乎見不到。如三國時的名將張飛字翼德，在這一名字中，“飛”是名，“翼德”則是對“飛”的解釋，因為“飛”就是“翼之德”（翅膀扇動而造就的功德）。又如唐代大詩人白居易，字樂天，名與字之間也有聯系，即“居易”是因，“樂天”是果，只有居處安寧，才能知命而樂天。古人的名多種多樣，字也有不同用途。起初，人們起字非常簡單，往往只起一字，與“子”、“伯”、“仲”、“甫”等表示年齡階段的字相連。如孔子弟子顏回字子淵，冉耕字伯牛，冉雍字仲弓，這些名字中的“淵”、“牛”、“弓”就是他們的字。當然，有些人起字時干脆只用一字，不加別的字辭，如陳勝字涉，項羽字籍即是。東漢以后，人名起字才越來越講究，情況也越來越復雜。人們在有了名以后，往往把起字看得很重要。有些人在起字時注重效法古人，起字“士則’，、“思賢，' . “師亮”等；有些人則寄托對當事人的厚望，起字“溫雯”（長壽不夭）、“永全”等。這些都含有深刻的意義。3 ．古人的號古人除有名、字外，又多起號以代替名字。號是一種固定的別名，又稱別號。早在周朝時，人們就已經開始起號。對此， 《 周禮 》 解釋說，號是“尊其名更為美稱焉’，。意思是說，號是人在名、字之外的尊稱或美稱。特別是在早期，有號的人多是那些圣賢雅士。如老子別號廣成子，范(fan)蠢(chun)別(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)鵝夷子(zi)(zi)皮，等(deng)(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)，都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)此(ci)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)過，就一(yi)(yi)(yi)般情況看，先(xian)秦時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)又(you)(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)并(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)太多(duo)(duo)(duo)。秦漢(han)魏(wei)晉南北朝(chao)(chao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)仍不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)很(hen)(hen)(hen)多(duo)(duo)(duo)，見(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)記(ji)載的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)僅有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)陶潛別(bie)(bie)(bie)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)五柳先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、葛洪(hong)別(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)抱樸子(zi)(zi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)數(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)，到了(le)(le)隋唐(tang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期，伴隨(sui)著(zhu)國家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)盛(sheng)和文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度發(fa)達，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、字(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)另(ling)(ling)(ling)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)別(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)逐漸多(duo)(duo)(duo)了(le)(le)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)李(li)白(bai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)青(qing)蓮居士，杜甫(fu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)少(shao)陵野老(lao)，白(bai)居易(yi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)香山(shan)居士，等(deng)(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)，都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)情況。到了(le)(le)宋(song)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)又(you)(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步發(fa)展(zhan)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)熟(shu)知(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de) 《 水滸(hu)傳(chuan)(chuan) 》108 將個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)都(dou)(dou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，正(zheng)(zheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)表(biao)著(zhu)當時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會風(feng)(feng)(feng)氣。明(ming)清(qing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)更把(ba)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)視(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)髦，上(shang)(shang)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皇帝，下(xia)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般黎(li)民(min)(min)(min)百姓(xing)，幾(ji)乎人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。甚至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)清(qing)朝(chao)(chao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)凌楊藻(zao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai) 《 蠢(chun)勺編 》 一(yi)(yi)(yi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)記(ji)載，明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)“閻市村壟(long)，鬼人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)瑣夫(fu)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)識丁者(zhe)莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，兼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庸鄙狂怪(guai)，松(song)蘭(lan)泉石(shi)(shi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)坐(zuo)百犯(fan)；又(you)(you)(you)(you)兄(xiong)‘山(shan)’弟(di)則(ze)必‘水’，伯(bo)(bo)‘松(song)，則(ze)仲必‘竹’，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)尤(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)笑(xiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)哉(zai)。近聞(wen)婦人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，向見(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)(cheng)‘冰(bing)壺老(lao)拙(zhuo)’，乃(nai)蟄娠也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。該書(shu)(shu)(shu)還(huan)(huan)(huan)記(ji)載一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)讓(rang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)忍俊不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禁(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)例子(zi)(zi)，說(shuo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)縣官(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)審理(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)樁盜(dao)竊(qie)案(an)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，潔問(wen)犯(fan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)什(shen)么(me)故意(yi)(yi)狡辯，犯(fan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)回(hui)答是(shi)(shi)(shi)“守愚不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢”，縣官(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)解其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)意(yi)(yi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)問(wen)左右才知(zhi)道是(shi)(shi)(shi)犯(fan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)稱(cheng)(cheng)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。像(xiang)這(zhe)樣(yang)落草為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)寇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盜(dao)賊都(dou)(dou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，當時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)濫可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)想而(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)了(le)(le)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，用(yong)字(zi)與起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、字(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)受字(zi)數(shu)限制。從(cong)已知(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)別(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)看，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)2 字(zi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)3 字(zi)、4 字(zi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，甚至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)還(huan)(huan)(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)10 多(duo)(duo)(duo)字(zi)、20 多(duo)(duo)(duo)字(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。清(qing)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)畫(hua)家(jia)(jia)(jia)鄭(zheng)(zheng)板(ban)(ban)橋(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)就有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)12 字(zi)，即(ji)“康(kang)熙秀(xiu)才雍正(zheng)(zheng)舉人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)乾(qian)隆進(jin)士”。當時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)還(huan)(huan)(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)叫釋成果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和尚(shang)(shang)，號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)用(yong)字(zi)竟(jing)(jing)達28 個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)，即(ji)“行(xing)腳僧小佛山(shan)長(chang)統理(li)天下(xia)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)山(shan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)月(yue)事兼理(li)仙(xian)鶴糧晌不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)醒鄉侯(hou)”。一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)別(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)竟(jing)(jing)然(ran)(ran)用(yong)了(le)(le)近30 個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)字(zi)，真(zhen)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)謂(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)奇(qi)觀。因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)較大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隨(sui)意(yi)(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，并(bing)且不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)必加以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)避諱，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定程度上(shang)(shang)促使(shi)(shi)了(le)(le)明(ming)清(qing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期文(wen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盛(sheng)行(xing)。當時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)數(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)都(dou)(dou)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)還(huan)(huan)(huan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)止一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)清(qing)初畫(hua)家(jia)(jia)(jia)石(shi)(shi)濤法(fa)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)弘(hong)濟，別(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)清(qing)湘道人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、苦(ku)瓜和尚(shang)(shang)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)滌子(zi)(zi)、瞎尊者(zhe)，達4 個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)。至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)前述(shu)清(qing)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)畫(hua)家(jia)(jia)(jia)鄭(zheng)(zheng)板(ban)(ban)橋(qiao)，本(ben)(ben)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)燮(xie)，字(zi)克柔，板(ban)(ban)橋(qiao)本(ben)(ben)來(lai)(lai)(lai)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)此(ci)外(wai)(wai)(wai)還(huan)(huan)(huan)自(zi)(zi)(zi)稱(cheng)(cheng)鄭(zheng)(zheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)、鄭(zheng)(zheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)郎、板(ban)(ban)橋(qiao)居士、板(ban)(ban)橋(qiao)道人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、板(ban)(ban)橋(qiao)老(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)自(zi)(zi)(zi)稱(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)。另(ling)(ling)(ling)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)果我(wo)們(men)對(dui)古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)進(jin)行(xing)深(shen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)研究，還(huan)(huan)(huan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)發(fa)現其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)相(xiang)當復雜(za)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)仁述(shu)這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)份(fen)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同行(xing)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)專門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)歷(li)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)皇帝都(dou)(dou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)廟號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、溢號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，和尚(shang)(shang)都(dou)(dou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)法(fa)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，道士有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)道號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)界有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，文(wen)化(hua)界有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)源很(hen)(hen)(hen)早，是(shi)(shi)(shi)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)界的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)某種(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)因(yin)(yin)而(er)(er)(er)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專門(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)，用(yong)來(lai)(lai)(lai)表(biao)達自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)向、專長(chang)、師承(cheng)或紀念某件對(dui)自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)重(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事情。早在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)漢(han)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)姓(xing)趙(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)女(nv)子(zi)(zi)擅長(chang)舞(wu)蹈，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)輕如(ru)(ru)(ru)燕(yan)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)送(song)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“趙(zhao)飛燕(yan)”。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)她這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)很(hen)(hen)(hen)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)她的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)反(fan)而(er)(er)(er)無人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)曉了(le)(le)。又(you)(you)(you)(you)如(ru)(ru)(ru)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)五代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)十(shi)國時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)莊宗李(li)存勵(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅喜(xi)歡演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)，還(huan)(huan)(huan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)了(le)(le)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)“李(li)天下(xia)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。據(ju)說(shuo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)次(ci)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)與一(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)叫鏡新磨(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)同臺演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)臺上(shang)(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)忘(wang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)了(le)(le)自(zi)(zi)(zi)呼(hu)兩聲“李(li)天下(xia)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。另(ling)(ling)(ling)據(ju)顧(gu)炎武(wu) 《 日知(zhi)錄 》 記(ji)載，古(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“黃蟠綽(chuo)”、“云(yun)(yun)朝(chao)(chao)霞(xia)”、“鏡新磨(mo)”、“羅衣輕”等(deng)(deng)(deng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)傳(chuan)(chuan)世的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。最(zui)(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)家(jia)(jia)(jia)熟(shu)知(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小說(shuo) 《 紅樓夢(meng) 》 中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，賈寶玉貼身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)丫環襲人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丈夫(fu)蔣(jiang)玉菌原(yuan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)唱(chang)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)是(shi)(shi)(shi)“琪官(guan)(guan)’，。另(ling)(ling)(ling)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，該書(shu)(shu)(shu)還(huan)(huan)(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)幾(ji)位(wei)唱(chang)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)女(nv)孩子(zi)(zi)，名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)齡官(guan)(guan)、文(wen)官(guan)(guan)、寶官(guan)(guan)、玉官(guan)(guan)、芳官(guan)(guan)、蕊官(guan)(guan)、藕官(guan)(guan)、葵官(guan)(guan)、艾(ai)官(guan)(guan)、茄官(guan)(guan)、藥(yao)官(guan)(guan)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)實，這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)都(dou)(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)她們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，而(er)(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來(lai)(lai)(lai)源，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)請人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)(yin)師承(cheng)排行(xing)而(er)(er)(er)來(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)則(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)觀眾(zhong)送(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，情況不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)。清(qing)末一(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)知(zhi)縣叫德克金(jin)，平時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)拘形(xing)跡，被(bei)(bei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)姓(xing)汪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)譏笑(xiao)，說(shuo)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)做(zuo)官(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)料，只(zhi)配演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)果然(ran)(ran)丟(diu)了(le)(le)官(guan)(guan)，改行(xing)學戲(xi)(xi)(xi)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忘(wang)當年(nian)姓(xing)汪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)譏笑(xiao)，激勵(li)自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)便(bian)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)了(le)(le)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)“汪笑(xiao)儂”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，并(bing)用(yong)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)編戲(xi)(xi)(xi)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)，終(zhong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)成一(yi)(yi)(yi)派，譽滿(man)上(shang)(shang)海一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶。另(ling)(ling)(ling)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)當代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)舞(wu)臺上(shang)(shang)，山(shan)西(xi)梆子(zi)(zi)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)祁(qi)彩芬(fen)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“水上(shang)(shang)飄”，山(shan)東(dong)五音(yin)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)鄧洪(hong)山(shan)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“鮮櫻(ying)桃’, ，廣東(dong)粵(yue)劇演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)鄺健(jian)廉藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“紅線女(nv)”，湖北漢(han)劇演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)陳伯(bo)(bo)華藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“小牡(mu)丹花”，河南越(yue)劇演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)申(shen)風(feng)(feng)(feng)梅藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“活諸(zhu)葛”，豫劇演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)馬金(jin)鳳藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“洛陽牡(mu)丹”，北京(jing)京(jing)劇演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)葉盛(sheng)蘭(lan)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“活周瑜’, ，陜西(xi)秦腔(qiang)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)王秉中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“活趙(zhao)云(yun)(yun)’, , 等(deng)(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)，這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)觀眾(zhong)送(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。當然(ran)(ran)，現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)影(ying)(ying)、電(dian)視(shi)、音(yin)樂、繪畫(hua)、書(shu)(shu)(shu)法(fa)等(deng)(deng)(deng)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)術界也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)書(shu)(shu)(shu)畫(hua)家(jia)(jia)(jia)李(li)英(ying)(ying)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“李(li)苦(ku)禪”，話(hua)劇演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)楊淑貞(zhen)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“楊枝(zhi)露(lu)”，相(xiang)聲演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)常寶塑藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“小蘑菇’, ，雜(za)技(ji)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)趙(zhao)鳳歧藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“麻(ma)子(zi)(zi)紅”，電(dian)影(ying)(ying)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)(yuan)楊檬藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“夏(xia)(xia)夢(meng)’, ，電(dian)視(shi)節目(mu)(mu)主持人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)黃益(yi)騰藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“阿原(yuan)”。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)過，這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)已經具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)或化(hua)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)另(ling)(ling)(ling)當別(bie)(bie)(bie)論的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)實，筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，多(duo)(duo)(duo)指作(zuo)(zuo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)、著(zhu)作(zuo)(zuo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)等(deng)(deng)(deng)文(wen)化(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)發(fa)表(biao)作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)愿使(shi)(shi)用(yong)本(ben)(ben)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)而(er)(er)(er)另(ling)(ling)(ling)外(wai)(wai)(wai)所(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)，又(you)(you)(you)(you)稱(cheng)(cheng)著(zhu)作(zuo)(zuo)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)或假(jia)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來(lai)(lai)(lai)源一(yi)(yi)(yi)般認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)興起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)清(qing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期，是(shi)(shi)(shi)話(hua)本(ben)(ben)小說(shuo)流(liu)(liu)行(xing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)才出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)現象(xiang)(xiang)。當時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)所(suo)(suo)寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)西(xi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)屬鄉里(li)民(min)(min)(min)間流(liu)(liu)傳(chuan)(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故事、村言，被(bei)(bei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般文(wen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)士大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)登不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)堂(tang)(tang)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)避嫌，便(bian)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)新名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)發(fa)表(biao)自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)。此(ci)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)形(xing)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)確(que)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)較大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實用(yong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，便(bian)廣為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)化(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)采用(yong)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，早期以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)刊(kan)署于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)著(zhu)作(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)并(bing)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)廣泛影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi) 《 金(jin)瓶梅 》 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)署名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)“蘭(lan)陵笑(xiao)笑(xiao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”，至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)今(jin)我(wo)們(men)還(huan)(huan)(huan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)實姓(xing)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。相(xiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)父親被(bei)(bei)當地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)惡(e)霸所(suo)(suo)殺，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)意(yi)(yi)報仇，但多(duo)(duo)(duo)次(ci)都(dou)(dou)未得(de)手。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)(lai)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)得(de)知(zhi)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)惡(e)霸喜(xi)歡讀(du)書(shu)(shu)(shu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)讀(du)書(shu)(shu)(shu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)又(you)(you)(you)(you)習(xi)慣(guan)用(yong)食(shi)指蘸取(qu)唾(tuo)液(ye)翻動(dong)書(shu)(shu)(shu)頁，便(bian)寫了(le)(le) 《 金(jin)瓶梅 》 一(yi)(yi)(yi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)，并(bing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)頁上(shang)(shang)涂(tu)上(shang)(shang)劇毒，想法(fa)讓(rang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)送(song)給惡(e)霸。惡(e)霸一(yi)(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)果然(ran)(ran)愛(ai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)釋手，最(zui)(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)終(zhong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)毒身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)亡。這(zhe)則(ze)故事雖(sui)然(ran)(ran)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)離奇(qi)，但也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)知(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)書(shu)(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)署自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)實姓(xing)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)確(que)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苦(ku)衷。到了(le)(le)近現代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)版業興起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，特(te)(te)別(bie)(bie)(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)“五四(si)’，運動(dong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)提倡“一(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)”，立表(biao)字(zi)、起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)別(bie)(bie)(bie)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)統習(xi)慣(guan)被(bei)(bei)禁(jin)(jin)止，文(wen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)異軍突起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)如(ru)(ru)(ru)用(yong)過30 多(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，茅盾起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)過90 多(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，魯迅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)更達140 多(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)常見(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)報刊(kan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)籍(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)經常接觸(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)報而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)本(ben)(ben)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)就使(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)廣泛影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)少(shao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)真(zhen)正(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)反(fan)而(er)(er)(er)鮮為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)。諸(zhu)如(ru)(ru)(ru)此(ci)類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)例子(zi)(zi)還(huan)(huan)(huan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)舉出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)許多(duo)(duo)(duo)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)提起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)巴金(jin)、茅盾、曹(cao)禺、魯迅、老(lao)舍、、冰(bing)心等(deng)(deng)(deng)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)幾(ji)乎無人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)，但要(yao)提起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)李(li)堯堂(tang)(tang)、沈德鴻、萬家(jia)(jia)(jia)寶、周樹(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、舒慶春(chun)、郭開貞(zhen)、謝(xie)婉瑩等(deng)(deng)(deng)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)許知(zhi)道的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)并(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)實，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)面這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)正(zheng)(zheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)前面那些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)筆(bi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)聞(wen)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)世的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，還(huan)(huan)(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)特(te)(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，即(ji)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)又(you)(you)(you)(you)稱(cheng)(cheng)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、綽(chuo)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、混名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、花名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、野名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、外(wai)(wai)(wai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、徽號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、雅號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)別(bie)(bie)(bie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)根(gen)據(ju)當事人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)(wai)貌(mao)、性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)格(ge)、特(te)(te)長(chang)、嗜(shi)好、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理(li)特(te)(te)征(zheng)、特(te)(te)殊經歷(li)等(deng)(deng)(deng)特(te)(te)點而(er)(er)(er)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)帶有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)謔、幽默、諷刺等(deng)(deng)(deng)色彩。如(ru)(ru)(ru)我(wo)國夏(xia)(xia)朝(chao)(chao)最(zui)(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)國王夏(xia)(xia)禁(jin)(jin)因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)力大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)無窮，能移動(dong)犧(xi)牛（作(zuo)(zuo)祭品(pin)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牲畜），因(yin)(yin)此(ci)被(bei)(bei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)送(song)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)“移大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)犧(xi)”。東(dong)漢(han)末年(nian)農民(min)(min)(min)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)義(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)色的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農民(min)(min)(min)英(ying)(ying)雄與隊友們(men)親密無間，彼此(ci)都(dou)(dou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)相(xiang)稱(cheng)(cheng)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)說(shuo)話(hua)聲音(yin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雷(lei)公，走路輕捷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)飛燕(yan)，眼睛大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)目(mu)(mu)，愛(ai)騎白(bai)馬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)白(bai)騎，滿(man)臉(lian)胡須的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氏(shi)根(gen)。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)很(hen)(hen)(hen)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)連名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)留下(xia)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)越(yue)來(lai)(lai)(lai)越(yue)多(duo)(duo)(duo)，還(huan)(huan)(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)根(gen)據(ju)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)和所(suo)(suo)指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)象(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同而(er)(er)(er)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)20 大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)類(lei)(lei)，即(ji)狀貌(mao)、德性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、威望、聲價、運命、財產、業務、技(ji)能、學識、藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)術、武(wu)勇、行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、舉止、臭味(wei)、談吐、著(zhu)作(zuo)(zuo)、服御、身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)份(fen)、嗜(shi)癖、諧噓(xu)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)群體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標志，如(ru)(ru)(ru)西(xi)漢(han)末年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農民(min)(min)(min)軍因(yin)(yin)把(ba)眉毛染(ran)紅而(er)(er)(er)被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“赤眉軍’, ，明(ming)清(qing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)侵臺灣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)荷蘭(lan)殖(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)者(zhe)因(yin)(yin)紅頭(tou)發(fa)而(er)(er)(er)被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“紅毛番，' ；有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)指某一(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)業，如(ru)(ru)(ru)把(ba)士兵稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“丘八(ba)”（兵字(zi)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)分(fen)開），把(ba)茶樓伙計稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)茶博士，把(ba)替青(qing)年(nian)男女(nv)牽線搭橋(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)媒婆、紅娘(niang)(niang)；有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)指某些(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)或性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)格(ge)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)稱(cheng)(cheng)圓滑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)是(shi)(shi)(shi)琉(liu)璃球，稱(cheng)(cheng)懶惰(duo)或蠻橫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“三(san)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)管”（懶惰(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，衣、食(shi)、住(zhu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)管；蠻橫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，天、地(di)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)管），等(deng)(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)，都(dou)(dou)很(hen)(hen)(hen)典型。另(ling)(ling)(ling)外(wai)(wai)(wai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai) 《 三(san)國演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)義(yi) 》 中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，諸(zhu)葛亮(liang)因(yin)(yin)早年(nian)隱居不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)仕而(er)(er)(er)被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“臥龍先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)’, ，劉備也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兩只(zhi)耳朵出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)奇(qi)得(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)而(er)(er)(er)被(bei)(bei)曹(cao)操(cao)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)‘。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)耳兒”。又(you)(you)(you)(you)如(ru)(ru)(ru) 《 水滸(hu)傳(chuan)(chuan) 》 中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蔣(jiang)忠(zhong)因(yin)(yin)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)高(gao)力大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)而(er)(er)(er)被(bei)(bei)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“蔣(jiang)門(men)神’, ，魯智深(shen)因(yin)(yin)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)戒煙酒(jiu)而(er)(er)(er)被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“花和尚(shang)(shang)”，時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)遷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偷(tou)竊(qie)技(ji)術高(gao)超而(er)(er)(er)稱(cheng)(cheng)“鼓上(shang)(shang)蚤”，孫二娘(niang)(niang)因(yin)(yin)蠻悍兇狠而(er)(er)(er)稱(cheng)(cheng)“母(mu)夜(ye)叉”。水滸(hu)寨(zhai)上(shang)(shang)108 員(yuan)(yuan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)將，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及與水滸(hu)英(ying)(ying)雄有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)物，幾(ji)乎個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)都(dou)(dou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。即(ji)使(shi)(shi)現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，我(wo)們(men)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)邊也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)常可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)聽到有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)被(bei)(bei)叫渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)現象(xiang)(xiang)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)子(zi)(zi)”、“四(si)眼”、“麻(ma)婆”（麻(ma)臉(lian)女(nv)士）、“柴(chai)油桶(tong)”（矮胖(pang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姑(gu)娘(niang)(niang)）等(deng)(deng)(deng)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)見(jian)(jian)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)渾(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)氣是(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)么(me)持久。總之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，我(wo)國古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)(cheng)謂(wei)(wei)遠比(bi)現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)復雜(za)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)姓(xing)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)又(you)(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)字(zi)、號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)姓(xing)、名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、字(zi)、號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)并(bing)存，既適(shi)應了(le)(le)當事人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同年(nian)齡階(jie)段(duan)和不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同情況下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)文(wen)化(hua)增添了(le)(le)許多(duo)(duo)(duo)厚重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容。
1、生辰八字之喜忌(命理)
在姓名學中，同樣含有陰陽五行相生相克的關系，這種陰陽五行的變化，如能彌補先天八字的不足，能使當事人的命運由壞向好的方面變化;相反，假如后天的姓名，陰陽五行的關系對其先天八字起了助紂為虐的作用，那么，這個人的命運亦將由好而向壞的方向改變，關鍵時候還可能帶來嚴重災禍。正所謂：“一命、二運、三風水、四名號、五讀書”。所以，后天取名，在這過程中的作用排到第四位，不可輕視。為此，古人有訓：“與其給子萬金，不如賜子好名”。在實際操作中，取名時應先排出當事人的生辰八字，看其喜、忌，喜用神在取名字時要優先考慮。切不可將忌神排在姓名中，否則，將殺人于無形之中。例如：王姓男，八字中喜火忌水，則可將其五行配置定為：“土火土”，或“土火火”，而千萬不可配“土金水”或“土水土”。這是取名時要考慮的首要原則。
二、五格剖像(數理)
文字由筆劃數構成。自古以來，數都被人們當作是事物發展的規律。尤其是在科學昌明的今天，任何事物及其變化都可以用數來表達，天體的變化，地球的運轉，均可用數來表達。故有“大數已定”“劫數難逃”等說法。所以說數理的好壞，將直接影響到人的脾氣性格，身體健康甚至運氣。一個名字取得好，就能起到趨吉避兇的的作用。
3、出生年干
一生人出生的年干，就猶如一棵樹的樹根。要使這棵樹成材，枝繁葉茂，首先要堅實的基礎，要有發達而扎根于土的根系，這就叫根深蒂固。只有根深蒂固，才能枝繁葉茂。在取名時，千萬不可傷其根：年干。并在此基礎上，還應多于呵護，多于照料，才能這棵生命之樹經風雨吹打而不折不撓，經陽光雨露而枝繁葉茂。
4、生肖屬相與字型
十二屬相，是木(mu)星在地球(qiu)當(dang)年(nian)的方位。它代表著不(bu)(bu)同的信(xin)息，不(bu)(bu)同的能(neng)量，我們祖先則用(yong)“子(zi)、丑、寅、卯、辰(chen)、巳(si)、午(wu)、未、申、酉、戍、亥”這十二個字(zi)來表達(da)，這就是所謂的十二屬相。因為它的作用(yong)原理(li)是天(tian)(tian)體對球(qiu)的引(yin)力(li)，屬于天(tian)(tian)文學的知識體系(xi)，所以(yi)它有著十分(fen)科學的理(li)論依據。在取(qu)名(ming)時，應根據當(dang)事人的屬相，在數(shu)理(li)五(wu)行字(zi)型等基礎上綜合考慮(lv)。
給寶寶起名字有很多根據，中國的傳統是要計算寶寶的五行，然后針對時辰八字再取名。如何可以知道寶寶五行缺什么呢?看看小編普及的一些常識吧。 給寶寶起名字有很多根據，中國的傳統是要計算寶寶的五行，然后針對時辰八字再取名。如何可以知道寶寶五行缺什么呢?看看小編普及的一些常識吧。
你必須知道的五行知識
五行就是周易中常說的木、火、土、金、水。易經中各類事物均可以五行來區分，如干支、地支、季節、方位、**、顏色、味道等等。五行有相生與相克的特質，很多的事物可藉由五行的運算，了解元素之興衰，來判別事物的起伏變化和你一生的好壞吉兇。
三才配置即天、人、地。中國傳統文化理解人立足于大地之上，在天之下，受到上天之眷顧，大地的滋養，而生生不息。亦有順應天時、地利、人和的行事哲理。三才配置在姓名學中，占有很大的分量。
五格配置是指天格、地格、人格、外格、總格共五格之間的關系。天格是由祖先流傳而來，單獨出現對人生沒有多大影響;人格是姓名剖象數理的中心所在，對人生的影響最大;人格與地格結合的數理則為基礎運。地格主要是36歲前的人生，也叫前運力，外格代表人的外圍，吉兇無謂。總格是36歲以后的人生，也是后運力。五格配置在姓名學中占有主要位置。
知道了五行的知識，我們也知道很多人的八字五行都不太齊全，有的不只缺一個，還會缺兩個甚至三個。比如我們常聽說的“五行缺金”之類的，那么如何知道起名字五行缺什么呢?
如何知道起名字五行缺什么如何知道起名字五行缺什么那可簡單了!生辰八字五行查詢為金木水火土，如果寶寶的生辰八字對應的五行中，沒有出現或是只有一個金，那么就意味著寶寶五行中金比較弱，這樣在為寶寶起名字時，家長們就應該側重挑那些偏旁為金的字或者屬金的字為寶寶起名。有些家長疑惑了：我怎么知道起名字五行缺什么呢?小編推薦您可以通過這款在線查詢軟件查詢：生辰八字五行查詢
知道蛇寶寶五行缺什么后，家長就可以很方便地來為寶寶取名了。在給寶寶起名時，各位已經知道起名字五行缺什么的家長可要注意了，可要記得避開一些忌用字喲!
五行起名忌用字
忌用多音字：
取名若用多音字，會使名字難以準確讀出，并產生名字歧義，甚至造成曲解。如“長行”這名字，讀法不同，字義也完全不一樣。
忌用丑陋的字詞、事物或現象：
起名忌用丑陋的字詞、事物或現象，若用丑陋的字詞作名字，是對人的不尊重。
忌用男女名字不分的字：
起名忌用男女名字不分，就是指男生的名字女性化，指女生的名字男性化，從名字看常把性別混淆。男生的名字應具性格剛強、氣質粗擴等，女生的名字應具性格柔和、氣質文雅、作風細膩等。
忌用兇禍之字：
取名忌用諸如兇、邪、劫等的兇字。因為這些名字不吉利，會給人造成不必要的精神壓力。
忌用嫌疑的字：
起名忌用嫌疑的字，所謂嫌疑的字，是指人們特別敏感的字，還有一些諧音字，也應避免用于起名。
忌用沒有意義的字：
取名必須使名字具有吉祥等義，若名字沒有含意、不順暢、搭配不和諧，甚至違背常理。
忌用惡劣的字：
起名若用惡劣的字詞，容易給人造成頹喪感、壓抑感，而毫無生氣和鼓舞向上的名字是不可取的。如缺、賤、寒、棄等字詞。
忌用消極的字：
起名忌用消極的字，而消極的字包括纖弱型、憂傷型、灰暗型等。如忍之、國哀、懶予等便代表上述三種類型的名字。起名字應當具有教育、鼓舞作用、審美作用和益智作用。因此，用消極的字取名，不會成為好名字。
未經授權，不得轉載星★座網文章！
您還可以點擊底(di)部客服(fu)官網給您的(de)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)起名(ming)，賜子千金不如賜子好(hao)名(ming)，很(hen)多家長都(dou)關注了我(wo)們，我(wo)們會根(gen)據寶(bao)(bao)(bao)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)出生(sheng)年月日，為寶(bao)(bao)(bao)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)起一個帶著一生(sheng)好(hao)運(yun)的(de)好(hao)名(ming)字：/qiming/
1、心理學起名：心理學表明，人的姓名可以讓另一個人產生直觀的印象。如翠花、當人們聽到這個名字的時候，就會聯想俗、土、原始、落后等印象。再如陶淵明，人們聽到這樣的名字的時候，一個有知識、出塵、高潔的人物形象就出現在腦海。可見姓名不單單只是一個符號，一個人的名字中的字，在組成名字后，它所表達的不僅僅只是這個人，而且它原來要表達的意思也會在人潛意識中出現。
2、屬相起名：在中國12生肖中，每個生肖所對應的兇吉是不同的。如兔。兔年出生的人起名宜有：月、艸、山、田、人、禾、木、宀、金、白、玉、豆、钅、亻等部首為吉。起名忌有馬、車、石、刀、力、皮、水、川、氵等部首。我們可以根據寶寶的出生生肖來確定名字的偏旁部首再來起名。
3、美好事物聯想法起名：美好的事物就是一想起來就讓人心情舒暢的東西，如明月、清風、木屋、大海、玫瑰等等。所以在起名字的時候可以在名字中加入這些美麗的東西，讓我們的名字與眾不同。如陶愛情，愛情的美好和姓氏的讀音完美的結合在一起，這樣一個好名字就誕生了。
4、五行起名：五行相克、五行相生對于大家對不陌生。起名字的時候我們也可以拋卻一些繁瑣起名方法。簡簡單單有時也能達到意想不到的效果。如汪性可取汪既然汪屬水、既屬金、然屬水、水金相生也是個好名字。
5、疊字起名：此法比較適合于女孩，引文疊字一般能給人靈動、可愛的感覺，如菲菲、冉冉、渺渺。起出的名字好聽。且大名小名都適用，不失為一種好法子。
6、典籍起名：查典籍就是借用古代先哲們的智慧，中國有著5000年的文化積累和文化沉淀，如果能在其浩瀚的文學海洋中汲取養分，觸類旁通的起名，那么起出的名字一定具有文化底蘊。朗朗上口。推薦的典籍有《詩經》《唐詩三百首》等如高勝寒，取自高處不勝寒。
7、諧音起名：起名的第一步，流傳度較廣的成語，或者是詩詞，從中找到合適的較為經典的詞語，第二步、按諧音法來進行配對，如馮姓，可取馮原。取左右逢源的意思。
8、周易起名：在前面章節筆者已經略作介紹，周易就是結合被命名者的八字、確定喜用神，根據喜用神起名，筆者建議對周易不太懂的朋友可以找專業的大師起名，這樣起的名字對孩子的運勢有所幫助。
9、字形起名：人有高矮胖瘦、字也有。中國的漢字是象形文字，本身來自于圖畫，對事物的描述是直觀的，這是英文字母沒有的優勢，我們在為孩子起名字的時候可以借助于漢字的字形來達到拓展意境的作用。如一字瘦長簡單，用在人名中就給人出塵的感覺，例如:王恩一，紹一飛等等。
10、字(zi)(zi)(zi)典起(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)：這(zhe)個方法(fa)比(bi)較原始，但(dan)是(shi)也是(shi)比(bi)較有(you)用的(de)法(fa)子。此種法(fa)子適合起(qi)(qi)兩字(zi)(zi)(zi)名(ming)(ming)，人哪(na)怕(pa)學問(wen)再深，腦中的(de)字(zi)(zi)(zi)庫終究(jiu)有(you)限，可以借助字(zi)(zi)(zi)典來起(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)。但(dan)是(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)典起(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)也有(you)講究(jiu)比(bi)如王性，第(di)二個字(zi)(zi)(zi)最好(hao)用平陰(yin)，或四聲(sheng)降音，不易用三聲(sheng)。這(zhe)個用字(zi)(zi)(zi)典起(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)的(de)時候很容易被分類(lei)，方便起(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)者使用。
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