處方 : 烏藥3錢，砂(sha)仁8分，延胡(hu)2錢，甘草1錢，木(mu)香1錢半，檳榔1錢，當歸3錢，白芍3錢。
功能主治 : 理氣和血(xue)。主氣滯所(suo)致月經(jing)先期，在經(jing)行前后，腹(fu)胸(xiong)脹(zhang)甚，中(zhong)有血(xue)塊，舌(she)淡，脈(mo)弦澀(se)者。
用法用量 : 水(shui)煎，溫服。不夾(jia)血(xue)塊(kuai)，去延胡；血(xue)行不暢，加川芎2錢(qian)。
摘錄 : 《中醫婦科治療學》
氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，病證名。指臟腑、經絡之(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)阻(zu)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)暢。可因飲(yin)食邪氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，或(huo)(huo)七情(qing)郁(yu)(yu)結，或(huo)(huo)體(ti)弱(ruo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)虛(xu)不(bu)運(yun)(yun)所致。隨所滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)處而出現不(bu)同(tong)癥(zheng)狀。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于脾(pi)則胃納(na)減(jian)少，脹(zhang)滿疼痛；氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于肝(gan)則肝(gan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)橫逆，脅痛易怒；氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于肺則肺氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)清，痰多喘咳。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于經絡則該經循(xun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)路線相關部(bu)(bu)(bu)位疼痛或(huo)(huo)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)障礙，或(huo)(huo)相應的癥(zheng)狀。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過甚可致血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)瘀(yu)。 氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)瘀(yu)體(ti)質(zhi)的形成有(you)一(yi)個較長的過程，與情(qing)緒、飲(yin)食、年(nian)齡、環(huan)境、疾病等諸(zhu)多因素有(you)關。例如(ru)(ru)：(1)情(qing)緒抑(yi)郁(yu)(yu)、緊(jin)張，性格內向(xiang)，有(you)不(bu)順心(xin)(xin)(xin)的事(shi)都(dou)埋在心(xin)(xin)(xin)里，郁(yu)(yu)結日(ri)久，影(ying)響氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)；(2)嗜食油膩、甜食，血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)脂過高，或(huo)(huo)飲(yin)食過咸，或(huo)(huo)飲(yin)水(shui)不(bu)足，均能使血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)液過分黏稠(chou)，導致氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)暢；(3)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)虛(xu)、陽虛(xu)體(ti)質(zhi)，推動(dong)(dong)功能減(jian)退，導致氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)遲緩或(huo)(huo)瘀(yu)積(ji)；(4)生活環(huan)境寒冷，血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)(guan)長期痙攣，血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)行(xing)(xing)(xing)遲緩或(huo)(huo)凝滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于微(wei)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)(guan)；(5)缺少運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)鍛煉，心(xin)(xin)(xin)肌收縮(suo)力減(jian)弱(ruo)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)遲緩；(6)近代研究發現，各種慢性炎癥(zheng)引起局(ju)部(bu)(bu)(bu)組(zu)織郁(yu)(yu)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、水(shui)腫(zhong)、粘連，或(huo)(huo)病理產物(wu)(wu)停積(ji)于局(ju)部(bu)(bu)(bu)，影(ying)響氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)瘀(yu)體(ti)質(zhi)的藥(yao)物(wu)(wu)調理氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)瘀(yu)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)體(ti)質(zhi)宜用(yong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、活血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)藥(yao)疏通(tong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，達到“以通(tong)為補(bu)”的目的。如(ru)(ru)柴(chai)胡、香附、郁(yu)(yu)金、當(dang)歸、川芎(xiong)、紅花、薤白、枳殼、桃仁、參三(san)七、銀杏葉等行(xing)(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、活血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)藥(yao)，有(you)助于改(gai)善氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)瘀(yu)體(ti)質(zhi)。著(zhu)名的理氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、活血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)化瘀(yu)方(fang)劑如(ru)(ru)柴(chai)胡疏肝(gan)散(san)、血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)府(fu)逐瘀(yu)湯(tang)、失笑散(san)，應根據氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)瘀(yu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)位不(bu)同(tong)靈活選用(yong)。中(zhong)成藥(yao)麝香保(bao)心(xin)(xin)(xin)丸(wan)、復方(fang)丹參滴(di)丸(wan)，可用(yong)于心(xin)(xin)(xin)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)管(guan)(guan)瘀(yu)阻(zu)初起，出現胸悶、胸痛等癥(zheng)狀時(shi)服(fu)用(yong)。胃腹脹(zhang)痛、噯氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、大(da)便不(bu)爽(shuang)或(huo)(huo)便秘，可用(yong)木香、陳皮(pi)、砂仁、檳榔、豆蔻(kou)、厚樸、大(da)腹皮(pi)、萊菔子、大(da)黃、神曲、山楂、谷麥芽(ya)、雞(ji)內金等，或(huo)(huo)用(yong)保(bao)和丸(wan)、木香檳榔丸(wan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、止痛、消食、通(tong)便。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)血(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)瘀(yu)體(ti)質(zhi)如(ru)(ru)有(you)情(qing)緒抑(yi)郁(yu)(yu)，應以心(xin)(xin)(xin)理疏導為主，配合(he)疏肝(gan)理氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)解(jie)(jie)郁(yu)(yu)藥(yao)物(wu)(wu)，如(ru)(ru)柴(chai)胡、郁(yu)(yu)金、青皮(pi)、香附、川芎(xiong)、綠萼梅、八月札等。中(zhong)成藥(yao)逍遙丸(wan)、越鞠丸(wan)等，均有(you)較好的解(jie)(jie)郁(yu)(yu)作用(yong)。
相信很多人都想知道2019年中醫執業助理醫師考試中醫婦科口訣心法是什么?下面請大家仔細閱讀小編專門為您整理的中醫執業助理醫師考試中醫婦科口訣心法這篇文章吧。
月經病
月經病，多違期，量色質，變常序。致病因，主次理：寒熱濕，外邪欺;憂思怒，內傷里，房室累，勞倦疲。經早至;多屬熱;漸遲至，多寒邪;錯雜至，肝郁結。實量多，虛淡色，熱紫紅，寒純黑;瘀為患，血塊瀉。
1.經期異常
經先期，熱與虛。補中湯，氣虛與。陽盛熱，清經散;肝郁熱，黑逍遙;陰虛熱，兩地湯。經后期，寒虛滯。溫經湯，實寒休;暖宮丸，虛寒求;補元煎，血虛救;烏藥湯，氣滯疏。經愆期，氣血傷。逍遙散，肝郁暢，固陰煎，腎虛商。期延長，瘀虛熱。桃四物，合失笑，祛血瘀，能活血;兩地湯，二至丸，養陰液，退虛熱。
2.經量異常
經量多，虛與熱。氣虛者，淡清測;舉元煎，升固攝。血熱者，紅紫色;保陰煎，清涼折。若血瘀，紫黑色;失笑散，化活血。經量少，虛與痰。滋血湯，血虛予。桃四物，血瘀逐。歸腎丸，腎虛補;蒼導痰，濕痰除。
3.經行異癥
經行衄，稱逆經;氣血逆，熱為病。肝郁火，脅脹疼;引經湯，血下行。肺陰虛，潮熱咳;滋肺腎，順經湯。經行瀉，脾腎虛，治求本，調經輔。谷不化，參苓術。五更作，宜溫補;四神丸，合健固。間期血，精元充，陽內動，血妄動;腎陰虛，滋陰血，二至丸，兩地合;濕熱蘊，清濕熱，清肝淋，加減成;瘀血留，化淤血，逐瘀湯，止血良。
4.痛經
經行痛，稱痛經;腹與身，兩處分;經前發，為實證;經后作，虛證明。氣血滯，胸脅脹;宜運行，膈逐湯。陰虛寒，熱痛減，便清長，溫經商。寒濕凝，冷痛涼;經色暗，腹逐湯。濕熱注，腹灼痛，連腰骶，清調嘗。氣血虛，癘痛長;調補養，圣愈良。肝腎虧，腰狻脹，脈沉細，凋肝場。
5.經閉
經閉癥，分虛實;虛血枯，實邪隔;妊亦閉，細辯之。肝腎虧，腰腿酸;歸腎丸，細調養。氣血虛，面色蒼;養榮湯，甚堪嘗。虛血燥，五煩潮;一陰煎，養陰調。氣血瘀，脅腹脹;府逐瘀，氣滯商。痰濕阻，脅滿悶;導痰丸，合佛手。
6.崩漏
崩漏病，本一癥;淋瀝漏，注下崩;熱虛瘀，沖任損;急治標，緩圖本;漏養血，崩固升。血熱者，分虛實;滋虛熱，保陰煎;清實熱，用固經。腎虛者，分陰陽;左右歸，快煎嘗。脾虛漏，益氣攝;宜固本，止崩湯。血瘀者，小腹痛;四物予，失笑散。
7.絕經前后諸癥
經斷期，諸癥異;易煩怒，昏眩悸;手心熱，腰痛戚。因腎虛，辨陰陽，左右歸，亦煎嘗。
帶下病
帶下病，任帶損;濕為患，內外分;因外感，或內生;脾失運，腎失固。脾虛者，白帶淋;完帶湯，健且升。腎陽虛，帶清冷;內補丸，下元溫。腎陰虛，帶赤白;柏地黃，虛火滋。濕熱侵，帶濁渾;止帶方，濕熱清。有熱毒，帶腐臭;味毒飲，毒熱解。
妊娠病
1.惡阻
惡阻發，孕之初;頭眩暈，食即吐;胃氣逆，沖脈究。若胃虛，脘悶脹，倦思睡，六君良。因肝熱，酸水長，胸脅滿，蘇連湯;痰滯者，心悸漾，嘔痰涎，夏苓湯。
2.胎動不安、胎漏、滑胎
胎不安，漏下頻，小腹墜，腰俊甚;調氣血，固沖任。若腎虛，尿頻遺，壽胎丸，強腰膝;固沖丸，滑胎宜。若氣虛，神委糜，血色淡，舉元益。固益湯，漏下止;磐石散，墜胎安。因血熱，色紅鮮，煩且渴，保陰煎;止胞漏，阿膠加。若血虛，黃腫頤;苧麻湯，墜下已。因外傷，跌仆閃，胎氣損，圣愈痊。素徽痼，瘀胞阻;攝養失，桂茯丸。
3.子腫
子腫病，氣水辨，察膚色，視凹陷，溫脾腎行氣先。脾虛者，大便溏，白術散，健脾陽。腎虛者，腰酸恙，下肢冷，真武湯。氣滯者，胸悶脹，天仙藤，為散嘗。
4.子淋
于淋病，小便頻，點滴下，疼痛甚;氣不化，水不行，勿大利，宜清潤。陰虛者，兩顴紅，煩不寐，知柏祟。實熱者，尿熱痛，口渴苦，導赤宗。濕熱注，尿黃赤，渴不飲，加五淋。
中醫執業醫師《醫學綜合筆試》常備習題及答案
中醫執業醫師《醫學綜合筆試》高效復習題及答案
中醫執業醫師《醫學綜合筆試》終極沖刺習題及答案
文章(zhang), 助理, 延長(chang)
看這個癥狀估計屬于氣滯血虛引起，應該疏肝理氣補血，調經止痛。
加味烏藥湯合膠艾湯加減。
舉例：烏藥10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)砂仁3克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（后下）木香(xiang)(xiang)10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)延胡索12克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)制香(xiang)(xiang)附(fu)15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)失笑散(san)10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（包煎）郁金10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)枳殼10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke) 陳阿膠9克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（烊沖）艾(ai)葉(xie)6克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)當歸12克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke) 炒白芍(shao)15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)川芎(xiong)6克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)熟地12克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)菟絲子(zi)9克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke) 紫石英10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke) 杜仲(zhong)10克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke) 【該(gai)處方(fang)僅供參考】
目錄1拼音2概述3《濟陰綱目》卷(juan)一方之(zhi)加(jia)味(wei)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)藥湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 3.1組成3.2制法(fa)(fa)3.3加(jia)味(wei)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)藥湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)法(fa)(fa)用(yong)量3.4功能(neng)(neng)主治 4《醫宗金鑒》卷(juan)四十四方之(zhi)加(jia)味(wei)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)藥湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 4.1處方4.2加(jia)味(wei)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)藥湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)法(fa)(fa)用(yong)量4.3功能(neng)(neng)主治4.4方解4.5運用(yong)4.6現代(dai)適應證 4.6.1急性腸炎4.6.2痛經(jing)4.6.3盆腔炎 4.7加(jia)味(wei)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)藥湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)藥理作用(yong) 4.7.1對胃腸功能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響4.7.2對子宮等生(sheng)殖系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響4.7.3抗(kang)病原(yuan)微生(sheng)物作用(yong)4.7.4對心血管及血液流變學的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響4.7.5對神經(jing)、內分(fen)泌系(xi)統(tong)功能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響4.7.6抗(kang)炎、抗(kang)氧化作用(yong) 4.8摘錄 5參考資料附：1古(gu)籍中的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)味(wei)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)藥湯(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang) 1拼音 jiā wèi wū yào tāng
2概(gai)述 加味(wei)烏藥湯(tang)為方劑名，其同名方劑約(yue)有兩首。
3《濟陰綱目》卷一方之加味烏藥湯
4《醫宗金鑒》卷四十四方之加味烏藥(yao)湯 該方劑有一定抗(kang)(kang)(kang)病原微生(sheng)物作用(yong)，有抗(kang)(kang)(kang)潰瘍作用(yong)，對平滑肌又有一定的(de)解痙能(neng)力，有一定的(de)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)炎(yan)(yan)、抗(kang)(kang)(kang)氧化作用(yong)，因此對盆(pen)腔炎(yan)(yan)所致痛經(jing)、急性腸炎(yan)(yan)腹痛應有一定治(zhi)療作用(yong)[2]。同時對心血(xue)管功(gong)(gong)能(neng)及(ji)神(shen)經(jing)、內分(fen)泌功(gong)(gong)能(neng)也(ye)有積極(ji)影(ying)響，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)其(qi)對神(shen)經(jing)、內分(fen)泌功(gong)(gong)能(neng)及(ji)子(zi)宮功(gong)(gong)能(neng)的(de)影(ying)響，可能(neng)是(shi)(shi)其(qi)治(zhi)療痛經(jing)的(de)主(zhu)要機制(zhi)[2]。
烏藥10g、縮砂仁10g、木香10g、延胡索10g、香附10g、甘(gan)草5g[3]。
2．若兼(jian)血瘀，經(jing)少色暗，夾有血塊者，加(jia)蒲黃、五(wu)靈脂以(yi)祛瘀止(zhi)痛(tong)；兼(jian)寒者，加(jia)吳茱萸、小茴香以(yi)溫經(jing)散寒止(zhi)痛(tong)[3]。
適應證：急性腸炎(yan)(yan)、盆腔炎(yan)(yan)等所致痛經(jing)等。
4.6.1急性腸(chang)(chang)(chang)炎 急性腸(chang)(chang)(chang)炎最常見的(de)原因是(shi)細菌(jun)(jun)等(deng)微生物(wu)(wu)感(gan)染(ran)所致，如霍(huo)亂弧(hu)菌(jun)(jun)、致瀉性大(da)腸(chang)(chang)(chang)桿菌(jun)(jun)、鼠傷寒沙(sha)門菌(jun)(jun)、痢(li)疾桿菌(jun)(jun)、阿(a)米(mi)巴原蟲(chong)(chong)、空腸(chang)(chang)(chang)彎曲菌(jun)(jun)、輪(lun)狀病(bing)毒、藍式賈第鞭毛蟲(chong)(chong)、隱孢(bao)子蟲(chong)(chong)、真(zhen)菌(jun)(jun)等(deng)。某些食物(wu)(wu)、藥物(wu)(wu)等(deng)也可引(yin)(yin)起(qi)該病(bing)。這些微生物(wu)(wu)一是(shi)直接侵襲腸(chang)(chang)(chang)道，使腸(chang)(chang)(chang)黏(nian)膜(mo)充(chong)血水腫、滲(shen)(shen)出；二是(shi)它們的(de)毒素或代謝產物(wu)(wu)使腸(chang)(chang)(chang)壁(bi)前(qian)列腺素含量增多，引(yin)(yin)起(qi)cAMP增加，cAMP可使腸(chang)(chang)(chang)黏(nian)膜(mo)分(fen)泌亢進，從而(er)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)腹痛(tong)、腹瀉。另外(wai)某些食物(wu)(wu)和藥物(wu)(wu)以(yi)及病(bing)原本身除引(yin)(yin)起(qi)上述病(bing)理過程外(wai)，均可因腸(chang)(chang)(chang)道消化液分(fen)泌不足，導致腸(chang)(chang)(chang)道滲(shen)(shen)透壓增高而(er)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)滲(shen)(shen)透性腹瀉。
4.6.2痛(tong)(tong)(tong)經(jing)(jing)(jing) 痛(tong)(tong)(tong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)是指在經(jing)(jing)(jing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)或(huo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)前(qian)后出(chu)現周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)性的(de)小腹疼痛(tong)(tong)(tong)，或(huo)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)引腰骶，甚(shen)(shen)而(er)劇痛(tong)(tong)(tong)暈厥。這是一組綜合征(zheng)，包括功能性（原發性）痛(tong)(tong)(tong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)。第一是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)殖器(qi)官無明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)器(qi)質性病(bing)(bing)變；第二是繼(ji)發性痛(tong)(tong)(tong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)，多見于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)殖器(qi)官的(de)某些器(qi)質性病(bing)(bing)變，如盆腔子(zi)(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內膜(mo)異(yi)位癥、子(zi)(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)腺肌(ji)病(bing)(bing)、慢(man)性盆腔炎、婦科腫(zhong)瘤、宮(gong)(gong)(gong)頸口粘(zhan)連狹窄等。這里重(zhong)點敘述原發性痛(tong)(tong)(tong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)。痛(tong)(tong)(tong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)患者子(zi)(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內膜(mo)和(he)血液中(zhong)PGF2α、PGE2含量明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)升(sheng)高，二者是花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)四烯酸脂肪酸的(de)衍生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)，在月經(jing)(jing)(jing)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，分泌期(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內膜(mo)PG濃度較(jiao)增生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為高，月經(jing)(jing)(jing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)由(you)于溶酶(mei)體不(bu)穩(wen)定，釋放各種溶解(jie)酶(mei)而(er)破壞細(xi)胞膜(mo)，使子(zi)(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內膜(mo)細(xi)胞溶解(jie)，釋放PGF2α、PGE2，二者可使子(zi)(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)平(ping)滑肌(ji)過強(qiang)收(shou)縮，甚(shen)(shen)至痙攣性收(shou)縮而(er)出(chu)現痛(tong)(tong)(tong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)；另外，痛(tong)(tong)(tong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)也與(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)平(ping)滑肌(ji)不(bu)協調收(shou)縮，造成(cheng)子(zi)(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)供血不(bu)足，導致厭氧代(dai)謝物(wu)(wu)積貯， *** 疼痛(tong)(tong)(tong)神(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)原有關；原發性痛(tong)(tong)(tong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)還與(yu)(yu)受精神(shen)(shen)、神(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)因(yin)素影(ying)響(xiang)，疼痛(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)主(zhu)觀感受，個(ge)體的(de)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)閾(yu)有關。無排(pai)卵性子(zi)(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內膜(mo)因(yin)無孕酮(tong) *** ，所(suo)含PG濃度甚(shen)(shen)低(di)，一般不(bu)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)。
4.6.3盆腔(qiang)(qiang)炎 盆腔(qiang)(qiang)炎主要是由(you)于產后或流(liu)產時感(gan)(gan)染(ran)、宮腔(qiang)(qiang)內手術操作(zuo)后感(gan)(gan)染(ran)、經(jing)期衛生(sheng)不良、鄰近器(qi)官組織(zhi)炎癥(zheng)直接(jie)蔓(man)延、宮內節育器(qi)及(ji)多種感(gan)(gan)染(ran)性(xing)疾(ji)病傳播所致，主要見(jian)于急(ji)性(xing)子(zi)宮內膜炎及(ji)子(zi)宮肌炎、輸卵管炎及(ji)膿腫或積膿、急(ji)性(xing)盆腔(qiang)(qiang)腹(fu)膜炎、結締組織(zhi)炎等(deng)。感(gan)(gan)染(ran)的細菌(jun)(jun)可以(yi)為單(dan)純需氧(yang)(yang)菌(jun)(jun)、單(dan)純厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)菌(jun)(jun)或需氧(yang)(yang)菌(jun)(jun)和厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)菌(jun)(jun)混合感(gan)(gan)染(ran)，也可伴有性(xing)傳播疾(ji)病的病原體；重要病理改(gai)變是充血水腫和滲出，管腔(qiang)(qiang)部分可發生(sheng)水腫阻塞、瘀血、壞死等(deng)改(gai)變，臨床上(shang)表現(xian)為下腹(fu)疼痛及(ji)發熱等(deng)中毒癥(zheng)狀等(deng)。
4.7.1對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)腸(chang)功能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響 本方劑(ji)(ji)中7味藥(yao)無(wu)一不對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)腸(chang)道功能(neng)(neng)產生(sheng)(sheng)影(ying)響。其(qi)中君藥(yao)香(xiang)(xiang)附(fu)(fu)水(shui)煎(jian)劑(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)乙(yi)(yi)酰(xian)膽堿(jian)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)腸(chang)管緊張(zhang)(zhang)性(xing)。臣藥(yao)烏藥(yao)能(neng)(neng)興(xing)(xing)奮(fen)(fen)迷走神(shen)經，促進(jin)消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)液(ye)(ye)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)腸(chang)道平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)滑(hua)(hua)肌(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)興(xing)(xing)奮(fen)(fen)與抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雙相(xiang)調節(jie)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，其(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)溫和(he)而持久(jiu)。延胡索所(suo)含(han)去氫紫堇堿(jian)能(neng)(neng)減少胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)酸(suan)(suan)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)，降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)酸(suan)(suan)及(ji)(ji)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蛋白酶(mei)(mei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)量(liang)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)實驗性(xing)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)潰瘍(yang)(yang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)保(bao)護作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。佐藥(yao)木香(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)腸(chang)道亦呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)興(xing)(xing)奮(fen)(fen)和(he)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雙相(xiang)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，木香(xiang)(xiang)煎(jian)劑(ji)(ji)明顯(xian)促進(jin)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)排空及(ji)(ji)升高(gao)血漿胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)動(dong)素濃度，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)小腸(chang)先有(you)(you)(you)(you)輕度興(xing)(xing)奮(fen)(fen)，隨后緊張(zhang)(zhang)性(xing)、節(jie)律性(xing)明顯(xian)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)，木香(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)堿(jian)、揮發油能(neng)(neng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)抗(kang)乙(yi)(yi)酰(xian)膽堿(jian)、組胺、氯化(hua)鋇所(suo)致腸(chang)肌(ji)痙(jing)攣(luan)，能(neng)(neng)促進(jin)消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)液(ye)(ye)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)；木香(xiang)(xiang)丙酮提(ti)取物(wu)也有(you)(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)性(xing)潰瘍(yang)(yang)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。砂仁能(neng)(neng)促進(jin)消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)液(ye)(ye)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)，可(ke)顯(xian)著(zhu)減少胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)液(ye)(ye)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)，抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蛋白酶(mei)(mei)活性(xing)，促進(jin)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黏膜合(he)成(cheng)和(he)釋放(fang)內源性(xing)前列(lie)腺素，保(bao)護胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黏膜屏障，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)潰瘍(yang)(yang)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，能(neng)(neng)排出消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)道積氣(qi)，行氣(qi)消(xiao)(xiao)脹；砂仁水(shui)煎(jian)劑(ji)(ji)低(di)濃度對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)腸(chang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)滑(hua)(hua)肌(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，高(gao)濃度時則有(you)(you)(you)(you)興(xing)(xing)奮(fen)(fen)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，亦呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雙相(xiang)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)；砂仁種子(zi)提(ti)取液(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)促進(jin)回腸(chang)節(jie)律性(xing)運(yun)動(dong)，增(zeng)(zeng)進(jin)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)腸(chang)運(yun)輸(shu)功能(neng)(neng)，大劑(ji)(ji)量(liang)則可(ke)使張(zhang)(zhang)力(li)減弱、振幅縮小，并(bing)拮抗(kang)乙(yi)(yi)酰(xian)膽堿(jian)所(suo)致腸(chang)管興(xing)(xing)奮(fen)(fen)。生(sheng)(sheng)姜有(you)(you)(you)(you)鎮吐、增(zeng)(zeng)進(jin)消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)液(ye)(ye)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)、增(zeng)(zeng)強食欲的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，其(qi)煎(jian)劑(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)促進(jin)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黏膜合(he)成(cheng)和(he)釋放(fang)內源性(xing)PG，保(bao)護胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黏膜，弱化(hua)蛋白酶(mei)(mei)，抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胰酶(mei)(mei)，顯(xian)著(zhu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)其(qi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)脂(zhi)肪和(he)淀(dian)粉酶(mei)(mei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)功能(neng)(neng)，6姜辣醇、6姜辣烯酮對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)腸(chang)管平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)滑(hua)(hua)肌(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)松弛作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。使藥(yao)甘草(cao)所(suo)含(han)FM100等黃酮類化(hua)合(he)物(wu)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)罌(ying)粟堿(jian)樣特(te)異性(xing)解痙(jing)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)腸(chang)道平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)滑(hua)(hua)肌(ji)運(yun)動(dong)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，同時直接作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)壁細胞(bao)而抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)酸(suan)(suan)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)，促進(jin)潰瘍(yang)(yang)修(xiu)復，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)潰瘍(yang)(yang)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)；甘草(cao)鋅可(ke)促進(jin)成(cheng)纖(xian)維(wei)細胞(bao)合(he)成(cheng)纖(xian)維(wei)和(he)基質，亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)潰瘍(yang)(yang)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)；甘草(cao)次酸(suan)(suan)能(neng)(neng)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黏膜內磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)二酯酶(mei)(mei)活性(xing)，增(zeng)(zeng)高(gao)幽門及(ji)(ji)賁門黏膜內cAMP含(han)量(liang)，從而抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)酸(suan)(suan)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)；甘草(cao)酸(suan)(suan)不僅抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)酸(suan)(suan)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)，而且可(ke)促進(jin)潰瘍(yang)(yang)愈合(he)；生(sheng)(sheng)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)酮能(neng)(neng)與蛋白酶(mei)(mei)結合(he)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)其(qi)活性(xing)，促進(jin)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黏液(ye)(ye)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)和(he)延長胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上皮(pi)細胞(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)存時間。由(you)此可(ke)見該方劑(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)酸(suan)(suan)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)、降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蛋白酶(mei)(mei)活性(xing)、促進(jin)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黏膜再生(sheng)(sheng)等作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，因(yin)而具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)潰瘍(yang)(yang)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。其(qi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)腸(chang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)滑(hua)(hua)肌(ji)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是多方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)，既可(ke)促進(jin)排氣(qi)，消(xiao)(xiao)除腹脹，又能(neng)(neng)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)蠕(ru)動(dong)過快及(ji)(ji)張(zhang)(zhang)力(li)增(zeng)(zeng)高(gao)，而大部分(fen)(fen)藥(yao)味均呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)興(xing)(xing)奮(fen)(fen)雙相(xiang)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，使平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)滑(hua)(hua)肌(ji)運(yun)動(dong)恢復平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)。雖(sui)然本方劑(ji)(ji)除香(xiang)(xiang)附(fu)(fu)外，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)子(zi)宮(gong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)滑(hua)(hua)肌(ji)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)未深入闡述，但推測(ce)該方劑(ji)(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)子(zi)宮(gong)等生(sheng)(sheng)殖器平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)滑(hua)(hua)肌(ji)也有(you)(you)(you)(you)解痙(jing)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。
4.7.2對(dui)(dui)子(zi)宮(gong)等生(sheng)殖(zhi)(zhi)系統的(de)(de)影響(xiang) 君藥香附(fu)5%的(de)(de)浸膏(gao)對(dui)(dui)子(zi)宮(gong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，使其張力及(ji)收縮(suo)(suo)力降低(di)；香附(fu)揮發油(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)雌激(ji)素(su)樣活性，皮下(xia)或 *** 內給藥，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)出現 *** 上皮細胞完全角質化。臣藥延胡索專治(zhi)(zhi)全身各種疼(teng)痛，其所含四氫(qing)掌葉(xie)防己(ji)堿(jian)能(neng)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)抗催(cui)產(chan)素(su)和氯(lv)化鉀引(yin)起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)子(zi)宮(gong)收縮(suo)(suo)，對(dui)(dui)高K+去極后Ca2+所引(yin)起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)子(zi)宮(gong)收縮(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)松弛作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，對(dui)(dui)催(cui)產(chan)素(su)依賴細胞內、外Ca2+的(de)(de)兩部分(fen)(fen)收縮(suo)(suo)均有(you)(you)(you)(you)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。甘(gan)草除有(you)(you)(you)(you)興奮下(xia)丘腦一(yi)腺垂體(ti)－腎上腺皮質作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)外，還促進皮質激(ji)素(su)分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)，調(diao)節(jie)(jie)全身神經(jing)、內分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)平衡外；甘(gan)草湯可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)直接作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)于卵巢，促進排卵；甘(gan)草酸(suan)及(ji)甘(gan)草次(ci)酸(suan)能(neng)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)抑(yi)制(zhi)間(jian)質細胞產(chan)生(sheng)睪(gao)酮，降低(di)血(xue)清睪(gao)酮水(shui)平。該方劑(ji)治(zhi)(zhi)療痛經(jing)之機理可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)與上述內分(fen)(fen)泌(mi)調(diao)節(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)關(guan)。同(tong)時該方劑(ji)對(dui)(dui)平滑(hua)肌(ji)的(de)(de)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)及(ji)雙相調(diao)節(jie)(jie)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)也能(neng)抑(yi)制(zhi)子(zi)宮(gong)及(ji)其他生(sheng)殖(zhi)(zhi)器平滑(hua)肌(ji)，而發揮治(zhi)(zhi)療痛經(jing)的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。
4.7.3抗(kang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)原(yuan)微(wei)生物(wu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong) 君藥香附油對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)金黃(huang)(huang)色(se)葡(pu)萄(tao)球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、痢疾桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，并有(you)(you)抗(kang)惡性瘧原(yuan)蟲作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，其水提取(qu)(qu)物(wu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)某些真(zhen)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)也(ye)有(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。臣藥烏(wu)藥煎劑對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)金黃(huang)(huang)色(se)葡(pu)萄(tao)球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、炭疽(ju)桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、乙型溶血性鏈球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、白喉桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、大(da)腸(chang)桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、銅(tong)綠(lv)假單胞(bao)桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、痢疾桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)等(deng)(deng)有(you)(you)一定抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)；烏(wu)藥提取(qu)(qu)液對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)Ⅰ型單純(chun)皰(pao)疹(zhen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)，合胞(bao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)，柯薩奇（B3、B4、B1）病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)均(jun)有(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。佐(zuo)藥砂仁能抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)結腸(chang)類耶爾森(sen)和摩根(gen)變形桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的生長及繁殖。木香能抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)傷(shang)寒桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、痢疾桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、大(da)腸(chang)桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、鏈球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、金黃(huang)(huang)色(se)及白色(se)葡(pu)萄(tao)球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)許蘭黃(huang)(huang)癬(xian)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)等(deng)(deng)10余(yu)種真(zhen)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。生姜對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)傷(shang)寒桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、霍亂弧菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、沙門菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、葡(pu)萄(tao)球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、鏈球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、肺炎(yan)球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、銅(tong)綠(lv)假單胞(bao)桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)均(jun)有(you)(you)明顯抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)堇色(se)毛癬(xian)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)等(deng)(deng)大(da)部分(fen)真(zhen)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、 *** 滴蟲等(deng)(deng)均(jun)有(you)(you)不同程度的抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。使藥甘草(cao)(cao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)金黃(huang)(huang)色(se)葡(pu)萄(tao)球(qiu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、幽門螺(luo)(luo)旋桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、結核(he)桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、大(da)腸(chang)桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、阿米巴原(yuan)蟲、滴蟲均(jun)有(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，同時具有(you)(you)廣譜抗(kang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，特別(bie)是對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)艾滋(zi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)、單純(chun)皰(pao)疹(zhen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)、水痘(dou)(dou)－帶狀(zhuang)皰(pao)疹(zhen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)有(you)(you)確切的抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)；甘草(cao)(cao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)幽門螺(luo)(luo)旋桿(gan)(gan)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有(you)(you)較強(qiang)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，甘草(cao)(cao)多糖對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)水皰(pao)口炎(yan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)、Ⅰ型皰(pao)疹(zhen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)、牛痘(dou)(dou)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)均(jun)有(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)；甘草(cao)(cao)酸對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)合胞(bao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)、腺病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)、柯薩奇病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)較強(qiang)，甘草(cao)(cao)酸單胺還能抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)HIV;甘草(cao)(cao)甜素除(chu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)上述病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)有(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)外，還對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)肝炎(yan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)有(you)(you)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。
4.7.4對心(xin)(xin)血(xue)管及血(xue)液(ye)流變學的(de)影(ying)響 君藥香附所含總生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)堿、苷類、黃酮類、酚類化合(he)物(wu)(wu)的(de)水溶液(ye)有(you)強心(xin)(xin)和降低血(xue)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。臣藥烏(wu)藥能(neng)興奮心(xin)(xin)肌(ji)，增(zeng)加(jia)心(xin)(xin)肌(ji)收縮力，加(jia)速血(xue)液(ye)循(xun)環，升高血(xue)壓(ya)(ya)。佐藥延胡索醇提取(qu)物(wu)(wu)有(you)明(ming)(ming)顯的(de)擴張冠脈血(xue)管、增(zeng)加(jia)冠脈血(xue)流作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，拮抗(kang)垂體后葉(xie)素(su)所致心(xin)(xin)肌(ji)缺血(xue)，并(bing)能(neng)抗(kang)心(xin)(xin)律(lv)失常(chang)(chang)，其總堿水溶液(ye)部分對室性(xing)(xing)早搏有(you)效，作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)與奎尼丁相(xiang)似(si)；左旋(xuan)四氫掌葉(xie)防己(ji)堿（HHP）可減慢心(xin)(xin)率，使動(dong)脈血(xue)壓(ya)(ya)短暫(zan)急劇下(xia)降。木香揮發油有(you)明(ming)(ming)顯的(de)擴張血(xue)管和降血(xue)壓(ya)(ya)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。砂仁(ren)能(neng)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制血(xue)小板聚集，抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制TXB2合(he)成。生(sheng)姜醇提取(qu)物(wu)(wu)能(neng)興奮血(xue)管運動(dong)中樞和心(xin)(xin)臟(zang)，6姜辣(la)(la)醇、8姜辣(la)(la)醇、10姜辣(la)(la)醇均(jun)為強心(xin)(xin)劑(ji)，能(neng)增(zeng)加(jia)心(xin)(xin)肌(ji)收縮力，對血(xue)壓(ya)(ya)產(chan)生(sheng)一過性(xing)(xing)下(xia)降、明(ming)(ming)顯升高、持續性(xing)(xing)下(xia)降三相(xiang)性(xing)(xing)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)；生(sheng)姜影(ying)響血(xue)小板內(nei)花生(sheng)四烯酸代(dai)謝，抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制TXB2、PGs合(he)成等，從而(er)具(ju)有(you)抗(kang)血(xue)小板聚集作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。使藥甘草能(neng)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)制血(xue)小板聚集、降血(xue)脂、抗(kang)動(dong)脈粥樣硬(ying)化，同時(shi)有(you)抗(kang)心(xin)(xin)律(lv)失常(chang)(chang)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。
4.7.5對神經(jing)、內(nei)分泌(mi)系(xi)統功(gong)能(neng)的(de)影(ying)(ying)響 君藥(yao)香附對中(zhong)(zhong)樞(shu)神經(jing)系(xi)統有(you)(you)(you)安(an)定(ding)(ding)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，香附醇提(ti)取物(wu)有(you)(you)(you)解熱、鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)痛(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，其揮發油有(you)(you)(you)雌(ci)激素(su)樣(yang)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。臣(chen)藥(yao)烏(wu)(wu)藥(yao)對大腦(nao)(nao)(nao)皮(pi)質有(you)(you)(you)興(xing)(xing)奮作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，烏(wu)(wu)藥(yao)中(zhong)(zhong)多種(zhong)化合物(wu)特別是異烏(wu)(wu)藥(yao)內(nei)酯對大腦(nao)(nao)(nao)的(de)脯胺(an)酰基肽鏈內(nei)切酶(mei)有(you)(you)(you)很強的(de)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。佐藥(yao)延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)胡(hu)(hu)索(suo)(suo)(suo)所(suo)含延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)胡(hu)(hu)索(suo)(suo)(suo)甲(jia)素(su)、乙(yi)(yi)素(su)、丙素(su)、丑素(su)均(jun)有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)的(de)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)痛(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)；延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)胡(hu)(hu)乙(yi)(yi)素(su)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)的(de)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)靜(jing)(jing)、催(cui)眠(mian)與安(an)定(ding)(ding)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)于下(xia)(xia)視丘，促進(jin)垂體(ti)分泌(mi)ACTH；延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)胡(hu)(hu)乙(yi)(yi)素(su)影(ying)(ying)響甲(jia)狀腺(xian)功(gong)能(neng)，使(shi)甲(jia)狀腺(xian)重量增加，對動(dong)物(wu)的(de)動(dong)情周期有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，此外(wai)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)樞(shu)性(xing)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)吐、降溫作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)；延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)胡(hu)(hu)索(suo)(suo)(suo)乙(yi)(yi)素(su)靜(jing)(jing)注(zhu)可明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)縮小(xiao)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)梗死的(de)范圍(wei)，明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)減(jian)(jian)輕腦(nao)(nao)(nao)水腫(zhong)(zhong)，降低(di)缺(que)血(xue)再灌注(zhu)引起的(de)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)Ca2+聚集(ji)，對腦(nao)(nao)(nao)缺(que)血(xue)再灌注(zhu)損傷有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)保護作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)；同時(shi)能(neng)抑(yi)制(zhi)血(xue)小(xiao)板聚集(ji)，抑(yi)制(zhi)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)血(xue)栓形成；口服延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)胡(hu)(hu)索(suo)(suo)(suo)煎液(ye)還(huan)能(neng)使(shi)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)內(nei)多巴胺(an)及5HT含量顯(xian)著提(ti)高(gao)(gao)，學習能(neng)力明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)增強。生姜(jiang)也有(you)(you)(you)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)吐、鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)痛(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，對呼吸中(zhong)(zhong)樞(shu)、血(xue)管中(zhong)(zhong)樞(shu)有(you)(you)(you)興(xing)(xing)奮作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)；生姜(jiang)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)解熱、鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)靜(jing)(jing)、抗(kang)驚厥作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。木香75%乙(yi)(yi)醇提(ti)取液(ye)有(you)(you)(you)一定(ding)(ding)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)痛(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。砂仁有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)痛(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。使(shi)藥(yao)甘草所(suo)含FM100具有(you)(you)(you)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)痛(tong)、鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)靜(jing)(jing)、解痙、抗(kang)驚厥作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，同時(shi)對下(xia)(xia)丘腦(nao)(nao)(nao)－腺(xian)垂體(ti)－腎上腺(xian)皮(pi)質有(you)(you)(you)興(xing)(xing)奮作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)；甘草酸(suan)靜(jing)(jing)滴可提(ti)高(gao)(gao)完全性(xing)缺(que)血(xue)再灌注(zhu)大腦(nao)(nao)(nao)線(xian)粒體(ti)ATP酶(mei)、腦(nao)(nao)(nao)組(zu)織乳酸(suan)脫氫酶(mei)活性(xing)，減(jian)(jian)輕腦(nao)(nao)(nao)水腫(zhong)(zhong)。
4.7.6抗(kang)炎(yan)、抗(kang)氧(yang)(yang)化作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong) 君藥(yao)香附醇(chun)提(ti)(ti)取(qu)物對炎(yan)性(xing)水(shui)腫(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)明顯(xian)(xian)抑制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。臣藥(yao)烏(wu)藥(yao)對炎(yan)癥的(de)滲出、水(shui)腫(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)明顯(xian)(xian)抑制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，并且可(ke)(ke)降低(di)炎(yan)性(xing)滲出液(ye)(ye)中PGE2含量。延胡索可(ke)(ke)顯(xian)(xian)著提(ti)(ti)高肝臟(zang)中SOD活力，降低(di)MDA及脂褐素(su)含量。木香75%乙醇(chun)提(ti)(ti)取(qu)液(ye)(ye)對炎(yan)癥的(de)毛細(xi)(xi)血管(guan)通(tong)透(tou)性(xing)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)、滲出、水(shui)腫(zhong)及肉芽(ya)增(zeng)(zeng)生(sheng)(sheng)均有(you)(you)(you)明顯(xian)(xian)抑制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。生(sheng)(sheng)姜對炎(yan)癥的(de)早、晚期均有(you)(you)(you)顯(xian)(xian)著抑制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，同時(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)姜提(ti)(ti)取(qu)物可(ke)(ke)清除超(chao)氧(yang)(yang)陰(yin)離子和羥自(zi)由基，抑制(zhi)H2O2所致溶血，抑制(zhi)MDA產生(sheng)(sheng)，具有(you)(you)(you)很強的(de)抗(kang)氧(yang)(yang)化能(neng)(neng)(neng)力。甘(gan)草(cao)不僅能(neng)(neng)(neng)興奮垂體－腎上腺皮(pi)質(zhi)(zhi)系統，促進皮(pi)質(zhi)(zhi)激素(su)的(de)釋放與合(he)成(cheng)，同時(shi)甘(gan)草(cao)本(ben)身即具有(you)(you)(you)皮(pi)質(zhi)(zhi)激素(su)樣作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，可(ke)(ke)直接促進皮(pi)質(zhi)(zhi)激素(su)合(he)成(cheng)；甘(gan)草(cao)次酸在結構上與皮(pi)質(zhi)(zhi)激素(su)相似(si)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)競爭性(xing)地(di)抑制(zhi)皮(pi)質(zhi)(zhi)激素(su)在肝內(nei)的(de)代謝失活，從而(er)間接提(ti)(ti)高皮(pi)質(zhi)(zhi)激素(su)的(de)血藥(yao)濃度(du)，因此(ci)甘(gan)草(cao)對炎(yan)癥的(de)毛細(xi)(xi)血管(guan)通(tong)透(tou)性(xing)增(zeng)(zeng)高、滲出、水(shui)腫(zhong)以(yi)及肉芽(ya)組織增(zeng)(zeng)生(sheng)(sheng)等(deng)炎(yan)癥的(de)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期均有(you)(you)(you)顯(xian)(xian)著抑制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，同時(shi)對免疫性(xing)炎(yan)癥也有(you)(you)(you)抑制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)；甘(gan)草(cao)還能(neng)(neng)(neng)清除自(zi)由基，具有(you)(you)(you)抗(kang)氧(yang)(yang)化作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。
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