小編知(zhi)道(dao)讀者都很感興趣南宋七(qi)王的故事(shi),今天給大家(jia)帶來了相關內(nei)容,和大家(jia)一起分享。
1127年(nian),靖康之變后,宋(song)(song)徽宗(zong)第九子康王(wang)(wang)(wang)趙構幸免(mian)于難(nan),定(ding)都(dou)南(nan)(nan)(nan)京應天(tian)府(fu)(今(jin)(jin)河南(nan)(nan)(nan)商丘(qiu))繼承大宋(song)(song)皇位,為(wei)延續宋(song)(song)朝(chao)皇統和法統,定(ding)國(guo)號仍(reng)為(wei)宋(song)(song),史稱南(nan)(nan)(nan)宋(song)(song)。1138年(nian),皇室(shi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)遷(qian)定(ding)都(dou)臨安府(fu)(今(jin)(jin)浙江杭(hang)州),金國(guo)幾度南(nan)(nan)(nan)征都(dou)未能(neng)消(xiao)滅南(nan)(nan)(nan)宋(song)(song),而南(nan)(nan)(nan)宋(song)(song)數次北伐皆(jie)無功(gong)而返,南(nan)(nan)(nan)宋(song)(song)和金國(guo)形成對峙局(ju)面。在與金國(guo)的(de)抗爭中(zhong),南(nan)(nan)(nan)宋(song)(song)涌現出一批能(neng)征善戰的(de)將領,高(gao)宗(zong)、孝宗(zong)、寧宗(zong)時相繼追(zhui)封(feng)南(nan)(nan)(nan)宋(song)(song)初期(qi)的(de)七(qi)位抗金將領為(wei)七(qi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)。即蘄王(wang)(wang)(wang)韓世忠、劉(liu)光(guang)世為(wei)鄜(fu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)、張(zhang)俊為(wei)循王(wang)(wang)(wang)、岳飛為(wei)鄂王(wang)(wang)(wang)、楊沂中(zhong)為(wei)和王(wang)(wang)(wang)、吳(wu)(wu)玠為(wei)涪王(wang)(wang)(wang)、吳(wu)(wu)璘(lin)為(wei)信(xin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)。這七(qi)人雖然都(dou)為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)宋(song)(song)王(wang)(wang)(wang)朝(chao)的(de)建立立下(xia)汗馬功(gong)勞,但結局(ju)卻是大不相同(tong)。
鄜王(wang)劉(liu)光世(shi),字(zi)平(ping)叔,南宋抗金名將,“中興四將”之(zhi)一,鎮(zhen)海節(jie)度使(shi)劉(liu)延(yan)慶次子(zi)。金兵大舉(ju)南侵,與韓(han)世(shi)忠等(deng)共守江南,屢立戰功,升(sheng)司檢(jian)校太保、殿(dian)前都(dou)指揮使(shi),封榮國公。后率部(bu)抗金,但其“御軍姑息,無克復志”,飽受詬病。紹(shao)興七年(nian)(1137年(nian)),引疾罷去兵權。紹(shao)興十(shi)二年(nian)(1142年(nian)),劉(liu)光世(shi)去世(shi),年(nian)五(wu)十(shi)四。追(zhui)贈太師,謚號“武僖”。乾道(dao)八年(nian)(1172年(nian)),追(zhui)封安城郡王(wang)。宋寧宗開(kai)禧元年(nian)(1205年(nian)),追(zhui)封鄜王(wang),列七王(wang)之(zhi)首(shou)。
蘄王(wang)(wang)韓(han)世(shi)忠(zhong)(zhong),字良(liang)臣,晚年(nian)自號清(qing)涼居(ju)士。南宋(song)(song)(song)名將、詞人,與岳(yue)飛(fei)、張俊、劉光世(shi)合稱“中(zhong)興(xing)(xing)四將”。韓(han)世(shi)忠(zhong)(zhong)身(shen)材魁偉,勇(yong)猛過人。出(chu)(chu)身(shen)貧寒(han),十(shi)八歲應(ying)募從軍。英勇(yong)善(shan)戰,胸懷韜略,在抗擊西夏和金(jin)的戰爭中(zhong)為(wei)宋(song)(song)(song)朝立(li)下汗(han)馬功勞,而且在平(ping)定各地的叛亂中(zhong)也作出(chu)(chu)重(zhong)大的貢(gong)獻。他為(wei)官正派,不(bu)肯依附奸相秦檜,為(wei)岳(yue)飛(fei)遭陷(xian)害而鳴(ming)不(bu)平(ping)。是南宋(song)(song)(song)朝一位(wei)頗(po)有影響的人物(wu)。紹(shao)興(xing)(xing)二十(shi)一年(nian)(1151年(nian)),韓(han)世(shi)忠(zhong)(zhong)逝世(shi),年(nian)六十(shi)三。追贈太師、通義郡王(wang)(wang)。宋(song)(song)(song)孝宗時追封蘄王(wang)(wang),位(wei)列(lie)七王(wang)(wang)之一。淳熙三年(nian)(1176年(nian)),謚號“忠(zhong)(zhong)武”,后(hou)配饗宋(song)(song)(song)高宗廟廷。
循王(wang)張(zhang)俊(jun),字伯英(ying),南(nan)宋初年名將(jiang),與岳(yue)飛(fei)、韓世忠(zhong)(zhong)、劉(liu)光(guang)世并稱南(nan)宋“中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)四(si)將(jiang)”。。苗劉(liu)之亂時(shi),他和韓世忠(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)率(lv)軍(jun)(jun)平定叛(pan)亂,成(cheng)為(wei)趙構的心腹,紹(shao)興(xing)年間(jian),鎮壓農(nong)民起義(yi)和叛(pan)將(jiang)李成(cheng)等(deng)部,并阻擊偽(wei)齊(qi)劉(liu)豫(yu)及(ji)金(jin)軍(jun)(jun)南(nan)侵,在明州之役(yi)和柘皋之戰(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)大敗金(jin)軍(jun)(jun)。紹(shao)興(xing)十(shi)一(yi)年(1141年)四(si)月,趙構罷張(zhang)俊(jun)、韓世忠(zhong)(zhong)、岳(yue)飛(fei)三大將(jiang)兵權。張(zhang)俊(jun)協助秦檜推行乞和政策(ce),又追隨秦檜制造偽(wei)證,促成(cheng)岳(yue)飛(fei)冤獄。后罷樞密使,進封清河(he)郡王(wang),紹(shao)興(xing)二十(shi)六(liu)年(1156年)七(qi)月,張(zhang)俊(jun)死,終年六(liu)十(shi)九歲,追封循王(wang),后謚(shi)號“忠(zhong)(zhong)烈”。
鄂(e)王岳(yue)(yue)(yue)飛,字鵬舉,抗(kang)金(jin)(jin)名(ming)將(jiang),中(zhong)國歷史上(shang)著名(ming)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事家(jia)、戰略家(jia)、書法家(jia),位列南(nan)宋(song)中(zhong)興四(si)將(jiang)之首。金(jin)(jin)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)南(nan)下(xia)江(jiang)南(nan),岳(yue)(yue)(yue)飛獨樹(shu)一幟,堅持抗(kang)金(jin)(jin),收(shou)復建(jian)康。后(hou)率師北(bei)伐,順利攻下(xia)了伊(yi)、洛、商(shang)、虢等(deng)州,兩(liang)河(he)人(ren)(ren)民(min)奔走(zou)相告,各地義軍(jun)(jun)(jun)紛(fen)紛(fen)響應。紹興十年(1140年),完顏兀術(shu)毀盟(meng)攻宋(song),岳(yue)(yue)(yue)飛揮(hui)師北(bei)伐,先后(hou)收(shou)復鄭州、洛陽(yang)等(deng)地,又于郾(yan)城、潁昌大(da)敗金(jin)(jin)軍(jun)(jun)(jun),進軍(jun)(jun)(jun)朱仙鎮。趙(zhao)構(gou)、秦檜(gui)卻一意求和,以十二道“金(jin)(jin)字牌”下(xia)令岳(yue)(yue)(yue)飛班師。遭受秦檜(gui)、張(zhang)俊等(deng)人(ren)(ren)的誣(wu)陷入獄。1142年1月,岳(yue)(yue)(yue)飛以莫須有(you)的罪名(ming),與長子岳(yue)(yue)(yue)云和部(bu)將(jiang)張(zhang)憲同被殺(sha)害(hai)。宋(song)孝宗時岳(yue)(yue)(yue)飛冤獄被平反,追(zhui)(zhui)謚武穆,后(hou)又追(zhui)(zhui)謚忠武,封(feng)鄂(e)王。
和(he)(he)王楊(yang)(yang)沂中(zhong)(zhong),身材魁梧,性(xing)情沉鷙。少時機敏多(duo)力,嫻(xian)習兵法(fa),善于騎射。北宋末年(nian)(nian)(nian),應(ying)募從軍擊(ji)賊(zei),后成為(wei)(wei)張俊部將(jiang)。紹興二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1132年(nian)(nian)(nian)),升任神武中(zhong)(zhong)軍統制,開始掌管(guan)宿衛(wei)親兵。其(qi)后于藕(ou)塘大(da)破(po)劉猊,名(ming)震北方。柘(zhe)皋之戰時,以長(chang)斧(fu)士大(da)敗金軍“拐子馬”。紹興二十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1150年(nian)(nian)(nian)),封(feng)恭國公(gong)。紹興三(san)十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1161年(nian)(nian)(nian)),罷(ba)為(wei)(wei)太(tai)傅、醴泉觀(guan)使,進封(feng)同安(an)郡王。乾(qian)道二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1166年(nian)(nian)(nian)),楊(yang)(yang)沂中(zhong)(zhong)去世(shi),年(nian)(nian)(nian)六十(shi)五。追封(feng)和(he)(he)王,謚號“武恭”。楊(yang)(yang)存中(zhong)(zhong)馭軍寬而有紀(ji),出入宿衛(wei)四十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian),少有過(guo)失,受兩朝寵眷,宋孝宗常稱他(ta)為(wei)(wei)“郡王”而不稱其(qi)名(ming)。
涪(fu)(fu)王(wang)吳(wu)(wu)玠,字晉卿,早年(nian)(nian)從軍御邊,抗擊西夏。建(jian)炎二年(nian)(nian)(1128年(nian)(nian))起領兵抗金,與其(qi)弟吳(wu)(wu)璘都以勇略知名,先后歸屬于曲端、張(zhang)浚麾(hui)下。富平(ping)之(zhi)戰失敗后,吳(wu)(wu)玠扼守和尚原、饒鳳關、仙人關等地,屢敗金軍,史稱“微(wei)(吳(wu)(wu))玠身(shen)當其(qi)沖,無蜀久矣”。吳(wu)(wu)玠汰冗員、節浮費(fei),廣(guang)設(she)屯(tun)田、修復廢堰,與胡世(shi)將創轉般折運法,使糧儲充足(zu)。官(guan)至四川宣撫使。紹興(xing)九年(nian)(nian)(1139年(nian)(nian)),吳(wu)(wu)玠病(bing)逝,年(nian)(nian)四十七。追贈少師,謚號“武安(an)”。淳熙三年(nian)(nian)(1176年(nian)(nian)),追封涪(fu)(fu)王(wang),位列七王(wang)之(zhi)一。
信(xin)王(wang)吳(wu)(wu)璘(lin),字(zi)唐卿,南宋名將,四(si)川宣撫使吳(wu)(wu)玠(jie)(jie)之(zhi)弟。吳(wu)(wu)璘(lin)早年(nian)(nian)隨兄(xiong)長吳(wu)(wu)玠(jie)(jie)抵御西夏,自建炎二(er)年(nian)(nian)(1128年(nian)(nian))起領兵抗金(jin),二(er)人都以勇略知(zhi)名。富平之(zhi)戰(zhan)失(shi)敗(bai)(bai)后,吳(wu)(wu)璘(lin)、吳(wu)(wu)玠(jie)(jie)兄(xiong)弟扼守和尚原、饒鳳關、仙人關等地,屢敗(bai)(bai)金(jin)軍(jun),為保衛秦(qin)隴、屏障巴蜀立下了汗馬功(gong)勞。晚年(nian)(nian)帶病奮(fen)起,對抗入侵(qin)的金(jin)軍(jun)。官至奉(feng)國軍(jun)節度使,封新安郡王(wang)。乾道(dao)三年(nian)(nian)(1167年(nian)(nian)),吳(wu)(wu)璘(lin)病逝,年(nian)(nian)六十六。追贈太(tai)師、信(xin)王(wang),謚號“武(wu)順”,位(wei)列七王(wang)之(zhi)一(yi)。
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