在北京聽過東(dong)城(cheng)、西城(cheng)、海(hai)淀、朝(chao)陽。。。。。。您(nin)聽說(shuo)過“四(si)九(jiu)城(cheng)”嗎?
四九城在哪兒?對(dui)不起~你百度地圖(tu)也搜不到(dao)!
今天(tian)咱(zan)們就聊聊老北京“四九城(cheng)”。老北京的(de)“四九城(cheng)”是(shi)城(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)的(de)總(zong)稱,指(zhi)的(de)是(shi)皇城(cheng)的(de)四個(ge)城(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),內(nei)城(cheng)的(de)九個(ge)城(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)。皇城(cheng)的(de)四個(ge)城(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)分別(bie)是(shi):天(tian)安(an)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、地(di)安(an)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、東安(an)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、西(xi)(xi)安(an)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),內(nei)城(cheng)的(de)九個(ge)城(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)分別(bie)是(shi):正陽(yang)(yang)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、崇文門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、宣(xuan)武門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、朝陽(yang)(yang)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、阜成(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、東直門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、西(xi)(xi)直門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、安(an)定(ding)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、德勝門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)。
這些(xie)城(cheng)門(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)名稱都是(shi)有一定說法的(de)(de)(de),皇城(cheng)四(si)門(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)含義非(fei)常明了,內(nei)城(cheng)九門(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)含義大(da)體為(wei):正陽門(men)(men)指(zhi)“圣主當(dang)陽,日至中(zhong)天,萬國瞻仰”的(de)(de)(de)含義;崇文門(men)(men)指(zhi)“文教宜(yi)尊(zun)”;宣(xuan)武(wu)門(men)(men)指(zhi)“武(wu)烈(lie)宣(xuan)揚”;朝陽門(men)(men)指(zhi)“迎(ying)賓出(chu)(chu)日”;阜(fu)成門(men)(men)指(zhi)“物阜(fu)民安(an)”;東直門(men)(men)、西直門(men)(men)取(qu)民興(xing)教化東至東海西至西垂(chui)的(de)(de)(de)含義;安(an)定門(men)(men)指(zhi)“文臣(chen)翊贊太平,交待而后安(an)享”的(de)(de)(de)含義;德勝(sheng)門(men)(men)是(shi)指(zhi)”武(wu)將疆(jiang)場奏(zou)績,得勝(sheng)回朝凱旋”,從字面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)意思,以及這些(xie)城(cheng)門(men)(men)背(bei)后蘊含的(de)(de)(de)美好祝愿,我(wo)們(men)不難看出(chu)(chu)當(dang)時統(tong)治(zhi)者(zhe)為(wei)城(cheng)門(men)(men)取(qu)名字的(de)(de)(de)別(bie)有用心。
北(bei)京城(cheng)(cheng)從明代后形成(cheng)了“里(li)九(jiu)外(wai)(wai)七皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)四”的(de)(de)(de)格局,意思是說北(bei)京的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)有九(jiu)座(zuo)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men),外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)有七座(zuo)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)。內(nei)(nei)、外(wai)(wai)、皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)被統一劃(hua)分為東、西(xi)、南、北(bei)、中五個(ge)行政區(qu)域。北(bei)京城(cheng)(cheng)被分成(cheng)兩(liang)部分,內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)成(cheng)為軍事駐防(fang)地和家屬區(qu),外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)則是單純的(de)(de)(de)居民區(qu)。這個(ge)“四九(jiu)城(cheng)(cheng)”,即皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)四個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)、內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)九(jiu)個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)總(zong)代稱(cheng)。
作者:溫白開
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