一、胎(tai)兒頭圍偏小媽媽吃什(shen)么好
多吃(chi)(chi)干(gan)果可(ke)以保胎。花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)類的(de)堅果，含(han)有(you)有(you)益于(yu)心臟健康的(de)不(bu)飽和(he)脂肪(fang)。但是因為堅果的(de)熱(re)量和(he)脂肪(fang)含(han)量比較高，因此(ci)每天應操控攝入(ru)量在(zai)30克左右。杏脯、干(gan)櫻桃、酸角等干(gan)果，便利、味(wei)美又(you)可(ke)以隨(sui)身攜帶，可(ke)隨(sui)時滿足孕婦(fu)想吃(chi)(chi)甜食(shi)的(de)欲望。多吃(chi)(chi)乳(ru)(ru)制品(pin)可(ke)以保胎。乳(ru)(ru)品(pin)因為富含(han)鈣，因此(ci)在(zai)寶(bao)寶(bao)牙齒和(he)骨骼(ge)勉強的(de)時候（妊娠4——6星期(qi)(qi)）極(ji)其(qi)巨大。行家提議在(zai)這個階段(duan)你(ni)理應加倍地(di)攝入(ru)鈣。乳(ru)(ru)品(pin)還(huan)含(han)有(you)寶(bao)寶(bao)成長所需(xu)的(de)其(qi)他營(ying)養物質。多攝入(ru)維(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)可(ke)以保胎。女(nv)性懷(huai)孕時期(qi)(qi)需(xu)要的(de)營(ying)養是全面的(de)。因此(ci)，在(zai)飲食(shi)調節上(shang)準(zhun)媽媽應注意各種維(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)營(ying)養的(de)吸收，多吃(chi)(chi)一些蔬(shu)菜和(he)水(shui)果來補充(chong)各種維(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)。這時，也正(zheng)是胎兒(er)腦及(ji)神經系統迅速分化時期(qi)(qi)，所以，準(zhun)媽媽要更加注意補充(chong)多種維(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)（尤其(qi)是葉酸、維(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)B，2、維(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)B6等）的(de)攝入(ru)。
二、胎兒的頭小該怎么(me)去應(ying)對呢
醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)說，胎(tai)兒(er)頭(tou)部偏(pian)(pian)小或者(zhe)偏(pian)(pian)大(da)、臀位(wei)不(bu)正等(deng)等(deng)問(wen)題都是(shi)(shi)(shi)孕婦在(zai)孕期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)經(jing)常會遇到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題，只(zhi)要不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)疾病所致，只(zhi)要是(shi)(shi)(shi)胎(tai)兒(er)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態在(zai)健康成長(chang)，一(yi)(yi)般是(shi)(shi)(shi)沒有什么大(da)問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。還有，孩子頭(tou)部偏(pian)(pian)小也(ye)有可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)受遺傳因素決(jue)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，家(jia)族中可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)有人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頭(tou)部本來(lai)(lai)就不(bu)大(da)。醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)說，因為(wei)胎(tai)兒(er)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頭(tou)型(xing)不(bu)同，雙頂(ding)徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測量結(jie)果(guo)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。判斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準自然也(ye)就不(bu)一(yi)(yi)樣了。具(ju)體(ti)情(qing)況(kuang)要到醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)檢查(cha)然后(hou)讓醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)再給你(ni)(ni)做(zuo)具(ju)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析。或者(zhe)建議你(ni)(ni)換(huan)一(yi)(yi)家(jia)比(bi)較有權威的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)再去(qu)做(zuo)個檢查(cha)。還有，孕婦在(zai)懷孕初期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)一(yi)(yi)定要保證營養的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)補(bu)充，有科學(xue)合(he)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飲(yin)食，保持愉快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)情(qing)，增加(jia)適當的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動，如適當的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)走動，定期做(zuo)好產(chan)檢。如果(guo)孩子順(shun)利(li)生(sheng)下來(lai)(lai)后(hou)頭(tou)部還是(shi)(shi)(shi)偏(pian)(pian)小，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以利(li)用孩子后(hou)天的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)營養來(lai)(lai)解決(jue)，但一(yi)(yi)定是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)專業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指導下才可(ke)(ke)(ke)以。
三(san)、孕38周(zhou)胎兒多大算正常(chang)
到了這(zhe)一(yi)周，胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)寶(bao)(bao)寶(bao)(bao)已經(jing)完(wan)全發育好了，他(ta)已經(jing)可以在(zai)你的(de)(de)(de)(de)肚子以外生(sheng)存啦(la)，他(ta)隨時(shi)都可能會出(chu)(chu)(chu)來，你要做好準備(bei)，密切關(guan)注臨盆征兆的(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現。胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)長約47.5cm，胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)重3100g。雙頂徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平均(jun)值(zhi)為(wei)9.08±0.59cm，腹(fu)(fu)圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)平均(jun)值(zhi)為(wei)30.63±2.83cm，股骨長為(wei)7.20±0.43cm。這(zhe)周，胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)身(shen)上(shang)覆(fu)蓋著的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)層細(xi)細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)絨毛和大部(bu)分白色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)脂(zhi)逐(zhu)漸脫(tuo)落，皮膚(fu)皺紋逐(zhu)漸消失。這(zhe)些分泌物會被胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)隨著羊水一(yi)起吞進(jin)肚子里，在(zai)腸道中漸漸變成黑色(se)，在(zai)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)出(chu)(chu)(chu)生(sheng)后排出(chu)(chu)(chu)體(ti)外，也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)“胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)便”。你的(de)(de)(de)(de)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)盤正(zheng)在(zai)慢慢老(lao)去，小寶(bao)(bao)寶(bao)(bao)已經(jing)蓄勢待(dai)發了呢(ni)!如果這(zhe)個時(shi)候胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)位不(bu)正(zheng)，就(jiu)要考慮分娩(mian)(mian)方(fang)式(shi)了。如果寶(bao)(bao)寶(bao)(bao)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)頭位，那么醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)會根(gen)據實際(ji)情況進(jin)行剖(pou)腹(fu)(fu)產。其實各位媽媽不(bu)必太擔(dan)心，現代醫(yi)(yi)學已經(jing)有較為(wei)先進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法保障胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)及孕婦的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全。到醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)做好產檢(jian)，由醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)根(gen)據孕婦的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)情況決定(ding)分娩(mian)(mian)方(fang)式(shi)。
四、孕38周胎動減少是否正常的(de)呢(ni)
孕(yun)38周(zhou)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)減少(shao)正常嗎(ma)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)(er)(er)在(zai)子(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)腔里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)沖擊到(dao)子(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)壁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，即(ji)從第(di)5個月開始(shi)母體可明(ming)顯感(gan)(gan)到(dao)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)(er)(er)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)(er)(er)在(zai)子(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內(nei)(nei)伸手、踢腿(tui)、沖擊子(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)壁，這就是(shi)(shi)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)多少(shao)、快慢強弱等表(biao)示胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)(er)(er)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安危。正常明(ming)顯胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)1小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)不(bu)少(shao)于3~5次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)明(ming)顯胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)為(wei)30~40次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)以(yi)上。但(dan)由(you)于胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)(er)(er)個體差異(yi)大(da)，有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)(er)(er)12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)可動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)100次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)左右(you)，只要(yao)(yao)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)(you)規(gui)律，有(you)(you)(you)節奏，變化不(bu)大(da)，即(ji)證明(ming)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)(er)(er)發育(yu)是(shi)(shi)正常的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。 意見建議:計(ji)數(shu)(shu)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa):孕(yun)婦(fu)取左側臥(wo)位，靜心體會(hui)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)，胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)(er)(er)每動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)下記(ji)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)，每日早、中(zhong)、晚各記(ji)錄(lu)1小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，3小(xiao)時(shi)(shi) 胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)和乘以(yi)4，則(ze)推算出(chu)(chu)12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)。若1小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)少(shao)于3次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，或(huo)12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)少(shao)于10次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi) 胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)消失時(shi)(shi)，是(shi)(shi)危險信號(hao)，應立(li)即(ji)就診，切不(bu)可延誤(wu)，以(yi)免(mian)造成胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)(er)(er)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內(nei)(nei)窒(zhi)息等后(hou)患(huan)。胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)并非恒(heng)定不(bu)變，在(zai)妊娠28-38周(zhou)，是(shi)(shi)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)活(huo)躍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)期，以(yi)后(hou)稍減弱，直至(zhi)分娩，孕(yun)婦(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，姿(zi)勢(shi)，情(qing)緒以(yi)及強聲(sheng)，強光和觸(chu)摸腹部等，都可引起(qi)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化。胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)多少(shao)、快慢、強弱等，是(shi)(shi)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)寶(bao)(bao)寶(bao)(bao)健(jian)康情(qing)況的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)反(fan)映。而在(zai)孕(yun)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同時(shi)(shi)間段(duan)，胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)和幅度也(ye)不(bu)同。最早，在(zai)孕(yun)7-8周(zhou)時(shi)(shi)就已經(jing)開始(shi)有(you)(you)(you)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)了。但(dan)此時(shi)(shi)孕(yun)媽咪還無(wu)法(fa)感(gan)(gan)覺到(dao)，只能通過B超觀察胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)寶(bao)(bao)寶(bao)(bao)在(zai)子(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)做出(chu)(chu)各種(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作。孕(yun)四五個月時(shi)(shi)，孕(yun)媽咪能感(gan)(gan)覺到(dao)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，但(dan)此時(shi)(shi)能感(gan)(gan)覺到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)還是(shi)(shi)很(hen)少(shao)，胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間隔(ge)時(shi)(shi)間也(ye)很(hen)長。這是(shi)(shi)因(yin)為(wei)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)寶(bao)(bao)寶(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力量還不(bu)足，需要(yao)(yao)比較強烈地(di)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)才能讓孕(yun)媽咪感(gan)(gan)覺到(dao)。到(dao)了懷孕(yun)28周(zhou)，胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)寶(bao)(bao)寶(bao)(bao)會(hui)逐漸養成規(gui)律的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作息習慣(guan)，胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)也(ye)會(hui)相對(dui)穩定下來。需要(yao)(yao)注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強弱和次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)個體差異(yi)很(hen)大(da)。有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)寶(bao)(bao)寶(bao)(bao)在(zai)12小(xiao)內(nei)(nei)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)多達100次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)以(yi)上，有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)只有(you)(you)(you)30-40次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。但(dan)只要(yao)(yao)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)(you)規(gui)律、有(you)(you)(you)節奏、變化曲線不(bu)大(da)，都說(shuo)明(ming)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)兒(er)(er)(er)發育(yu)是(shi)(shi)正常的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。
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