病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)性肺(fei)炎(yan)是由多(duo)種(zhong)病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)感(gan)染引起(qi)的支氣管(guan)肺(fei)炎(yan)。常見是流(liu)行性感(gan)冒病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du),其次是副(fu)流(liu)感(gan)病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)、巨細胞(bao)病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)、腺病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)、鼻病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)、冠(guan)狀病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)和某些腸道(dao)病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du),如柯薩奇、埃可病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)等,以(yi)及水痘、風疹、麻疹病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)、呼吸道(dao)合胞(bao)病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)。
病毒性肺炎是由什么引起的
感(gan)染從上(shang)呼吸道開始,氣(qi)道上(shang)皮有廣泛的破壞,粘膜(mo)發(fa)生(sheng)潰瘍,被(bei)覆纖維(wei)(wei)蛋(dan)白性(xing)(xing)膜(mo)。氣(qi)道的防御功能降低(di),容易(yi)招致細(xi)(xi)菌感(gan)染,免疫狀(zhuang)態低(di)下者(zhe),尚可(ke)合(he)并真菌、原蟲特別是卡氏肺(fei)孢子蟲感(gan)染。單純性(xing)(xing)病毒性(xing)(xing)肺(fei)炎(yan)引起(qi)間(jian)質性(xing)(xing)肺(fei)炎(yan),肺(fei)泡(pao)間(jian)隔(ge)有大單核細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)浸潤。肺(fei)泡(pao)水腫(zhong),被(bei)覆含血漿蛋(dan)白和纖維(wei)(wei)蛋(dan)白的透(tou)明膜(mo),使肺(fei)泡(pao)彌膜(mo)距離增厚。肺(fei)炎(yan)可(ke)為局灶性(xing)(xing)或廣泛彌漫性(xing)(xing),甚(shen)(shen)至實(shi)變(bian)。肺(fei)泡(pao)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)和巨噬細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)內可(ke)見病毒包涵體。細(xi)(xi)支氣(qi)管內有滲出物。病變(bian)吸收后可(ke)留有肺(fei)纖維(wei)(wei)化,甚(shen)(shen)至結節性(xing)(xing)鈣化。
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