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黃勝得:生命道教的養生觀

黃(huang)勝得(de) 2023-08-22 17:31:04

萬(wan)物(wu)春(chun)生(sheng)(sheng)夏長秋收冬藏,此循環綿(mian)綿(mian)不斷(duan)、生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)不息,故(gu)而一代傳一代而能千秋萬(wan)世、天(tian)長地久(jiu)。此為(wei)宇宙萬(wan)物(wu)有形質體(ti)之生(sheng)(sheng)存法則,由無形先天(tian)一炁(道)所(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)化之,人類也(ye)不例外(wai)。

黃帝內(nei)經(jing)(jing)》是(shi)我(wo)國醫(yi)(yi)學領域成書最(zui)早、影響(xiang)最(zui)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)世巨(ju)著。它有著嚴明的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論體系(xi)。結合《周易》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陰陽五行(xing)說(shuo),《內(nei)經(jing)(jing)》在(zai)古代醫(yi)(yi)療實踐的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀察與實證的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上,提出了四時(shi)五臟(zang)(zang)陰陽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體觀,并構建了包括藏象說(shuo)、經(jing)(jing)絡(luo)說(shuo)、病疾病因(yin)說(shuo)、病癥說(shuo)、診法、論治和養(yang)生(sheng)等幾個方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論結構。《內(nei)經(jing)(jing)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)生(sheng)體系(xi),認為人(ren)體生(sheng)長衰老的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)個生(sheng)命(ming)(ming)過(guo)程(cheng)就是(shi)五臟(zang)(zang)功能(neng)自(zi)然(ran)盛衰變化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)理過(guo)程(cheng),而人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精、氣、神是(shi)生(sheng)命(ming)(ming)活動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根本。在(zai)重視內(nei)因(yin)、強調(diao)人(ren)與自(zi)然(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)基礎(chu)上,《內(nei)經(jing)(jing)》提出了天(tian)人(ren)合一、陰陽協調(diao)、形神一體、統(tong)籌兼顧(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)生(sheng)思想。具體地講(jiang),十二時(shi)辰與五臟(zang)(zang)六腑相對應:子時(shi)(23點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——1點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),膽),丑時(shi)(1點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——3點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),肝),寅(yin)時(shi)(3點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——5點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),肺),卯(mao)時(shi)(5點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——7點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),大腸(chang)),辰時(shi)(7點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——9點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),胃),巳時(shi)(9點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——11點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),脾),午時(shi)(11點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——13點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),心(xin)),未時(shi)(13點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——15點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),小(xiao)腸(chang)),申時(shi)(15點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——17點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),膀胱(guang)),酉時(shi)(17點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——19點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),腎),戌時(shi)(19點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——21點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),心(xin)包經(jing)(jing)),亥時(shi)(21點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)——23點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),三焦(jiao))。其口訣為:

人(ren)體精血日月行(xing)(xing),由子到(dao)丑膽肝(gan)行(xing)(xing)。

寅到肺經卯大(da)腸,辰在胃(wei)巳而入脾。

午入心(xin)未(wei)而小腸,申在膀胱(guang)酉(you)入腎。

戍在心包亥三焦。

人體內需要清除之六種(zhong)災氣:

一 濁(zhuo)氣(qi),每(mei)日空氣(qi)中機動車所排放的(de)(de)廢(fei)棄,鋼鐵、化(hua)工、農化(hua)、煤炭煙等(deng)等(deng)工業(ye)廠的(de)(de)毒氣(qi),由我們的(de)(de)呼吸(xi)進入體內,造(zao)成氣(qi)血的(de)(de)阻礙。

二(er) 毒(du)氣(qi),每日為生(sheng)(sheng)命必需有(you)食(shi)物營養來補充(chong)身(shen)體,所(suo)攝取(qu)的有(you)五谷(gu),水果,蔬菜,牛羊豬,雞鴨(ya)魚(yu)肉(rou)等等,如有(you)病蟲(chong)害噴化肥、農藥(yao)、催(cui)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)激素,所(suo)殘(can)留毒(du)物入人的體內,造成氣(qi)血循環的阻塞。

三(san) 臭氣,每日所(suo)吃的(de)(de)(de)(de)食物經(jing)胃、小(xiao)腸(chang)、大腸(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)化,吸收后所(suo)殘留的(de)(de)(de)(de)臭味物,依醫學報(bao)告12小(xiao)時要(yao)大解排出(chu)體外,如(ru)(ru)未(wei)能如(ru)(ru)期,則其(qi)臭氣回流至體內的(de)(de)(de)(de)呼吸系統內,造成經(jing)絡的(de)(de)(de)(de)阻礙。

四 病氣(qi)(qi),體內有濁氣(qi)(qi)、毒(du)氣(qi)(qi)、臭氣(qi)(qi)而造(zao)成經絡不通(tong)、細胞(bao)病變,造(zao)成腫瘤。

五(wu) 邪(xie)氣(qi)(qi),心中貪、嗔、癡、七情六欲太多(duo),所形(xing)成的(de)邪(xie)氣(qi)(qi),造成身體內的(de)負(fu)能量(liang)濃厚,吸引(yin)外(wai)界邪(xie)魔氣(qi)(qi)入(ru)心,因心者神(shen)之(zhi)宅(zhai),也是(shi)邪(xie)魔之(zhi)宅(zhai),是(shi)以邪(xie)氣(qi)(qi)太多(duo)成為社會的(de)毒(du)瘤。

六 三世因(yin)果所累(lei)積業障氣。需要心靜(jing)、神清氣爽(shuang),性光圓沱(tuo)沱(tuo),亮燦燦呈現金黃色、紫色,才能使靈氣清化(hua),洗清累(lei)世的業障氣。

《黃帝(di)內經·上(shang)古天真論(lun)》云:女子七(qi)(qi)(qi)歲腎氣(qi)盛,齒更發(fa)(fa)長(chang)。二(er)七(qi)(qi)(qi)而(er)天癸至,任脈(mo)通,太(tai)沖(chong)脈(mo)盛,月事以時下(xia),故有子。三七(qi)(qi)(qi)腎氣(qi)平均(jun),故真牙生而(er)長(chang)極(ji)。四(si)七(qi)(qi)(qi)筋骨堅(jian),發(fa)(fa)長(chang)極(ji),身體盛壯(zhuang)。五(wu)七(qi)(qi)(qi)陽(yang)(yang)明脈(mo)衰,面始焦,發(fa)(fa)始墮。六(liu)七(qi)(qi)(qi)三陽(yang)(yang)脈(mo)衰于上(shang),面皆焦,發(fa)(fa)始白(bai)。七(qi)(qi)(qi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)任脈(mo)虛,太(tai)沖(chong)脈(mo)衰少,天癸竭,地道(dao)不通,故形壞而(er)無子也。

丈夫(fu)八(ba)(ba)歲腎(shen)氣(qi)實,發長齒(chi)(chi)更。二八(ba)(ba)腎(shen)氣(qi)盛,天癸至,精氣(qi)溢瀉(xie),陰陽(yang)和,故(gu)能有子(zi)。三八(ba)(ba)腎(shen)氣(qi)平(ping)均,筋骨(gu)勁(jing)強,故(gu)真(zhen)牙生而長極(ji)。四八(ba)(ba)筋骨(gu)隆盛,肌肉滿壯。五(wu)八(ba)(ba)腎(shen)氣(qi)衰,發墮齒(chi)(chi)槁。六八(ba)(ba)陽(yang)氣(qi)衰竭于上,面焦,發鬢斑白(bai)。七八(ba)(ba)肝氣(qi)衰,筋不能動。八(ba)(ba)八(ba)(ba)天癸竭,精少,腎(shen)臟衰,形(xing)體皆極(ji)。 則齒(chi)(chi)發去(qu)。

《內(nei)經(jing)》認為,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)與(yu)繁衍,必須依賴于(yu)天(tian)(tian)癸(gui)(gui)(gui)、腎(shen)陽(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存在(zai),兩者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)少,決定著(zhu)人(ren)(ren)壽命(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長短。對(dui)(dui)這兩種(zhong)物(wu)質在(zai)人(ren)(ren)體中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化規(gui)律,《內(nei)經(jing)》中(zhong)有著(zhu)非常(chang)精(jing)(jing)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)論述。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)之精(jing)(jing)——天(tian)(tian)癸(gui)(gui)(gui)現(xian)在(zai)醫(yi)家普遍認為:天(tian)(tian)癸(gui)(gui)(gui)是(shi)促進發(fa)育(yu)(yu)(yu)和維(wei)持男女(nv)(nv)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)殖(zhi)機能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)質。它來(lai)源子(zi)(zi)(zi)先天(tian)(tian)之精(jing)(jing),受后天(tian)(tian)水谷精(jing)(jing)微的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滋養(yang)而(er)逐(zhu)漸(jian)充(chong)盛(sheng)。當人(ren)(ren)體發(fa)育(yu)(yu)(yu)到青春期(qi)時(shi),由(you)于(yu)腎(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進一步充(chong)盛(sheng),體內(nei)便產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)天(tian)(tian)癸(gui)(gui)(gui),于(yu)是(shi)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)能(neng)(neng)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)精(jing)(jing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)并能(neng)(neng)排精(jing)(jing)、育(yu)(yu)(yu)子(zi)(zi)(zi),女(nv)(nv)性(xing)出現(xian)月經(jing)周期(qi),并能(neng)(neng)排卵、妊娠。天(tian)(tian)癸(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),標志(zhi)(zhi)著(zhu)男女(nv)(nv)性(xing)機能(neng)(neng)發(fa)育(yu)(yu)(yu)成熟,并有生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)殖(zhi)能(neng)(neng)力。天(tian)(tian)癸(gui)(gui)(gui)除了(le)(le)對(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)殖(zhi)系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)外(wai),對(dui)(dui)其(qi)他生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)系統,如骨骼肌(ji)肉(rou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)育(yu)(yu)(yu),聲音(yin)外(wai)貌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化,神志(zhi)(zhi)思維(wei)活動以及內(nei)在(zai)臟(zang)腑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化功能(neng)(neng)都能(neng)(neng)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)影響(xiang)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)之火(huo)(huo)——腎(shen)陽(yang)中(zhong)醫(yi)把腎(shen)中(zhong)陽(yang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)叫為命(ming)(ming)(ming)門之火(huo)(huo),也(ye)就是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)之火(huo)(huo)。《內(nei)經(jing)》指出:“陽(yang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)者(zhe),若天(tian)(tian)與(yu)日,失(shi)其(qi)所(suo),則折壽而(er)不(bu)彰”。是(shi)說人(ren)(ren)身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陽(yang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),就像天(tian)(tian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)太陽(yang),決定著(zhu)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命(ming)(ming)(ming)。一般情況下,遺傳而(er)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)始(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)之火(huo)(huo)可供人(ren)(ren)使用一百年(nian)左右,這也(ye)就是(shi)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自然壽命(ming)(ming)(ming)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程,就是(shi)在(zai)原(yuan)始(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)之火(huo)(huo)(腎(shen)陽(yang))的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主宰下,不(bu)停地積(ji)聚和轉(zhuan)化能(neng)(neng)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程。嬰幼兒時(shi)期(qi)長得(de)最(zui)(zui)快,就是(shi)由(you)于(yu)腎(shen)陽(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)逐(zhu)漸(jian)旺(wang)盛(sheng),所(suo)以中(zhong)醫(yi)也(ye)把小(xiao)兒比喻作純陽(yang)之體。到了(le)(le)成年(nian),人(ren)(ren)體發(fa)育(yu)(yu)(yu)完全,能(neng)(neng)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)累達到了(le)(le)極(ji)限,腎(shen)陽(yang)也(ye)達到了(le)(le)自己最(zui)(zui)強盛(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)期(qi)。之后腎(shen)陽(yang)漸(jian)漸(jian)衰減,至老年(nian)腎(shen)陽(yang)耗盡,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)便隨之終(zhong)結。

美國一位諾(nuo)貝爾獎得主曾經作過(guo)一個(ge)實驗(yan),他把人體的細(xi)胞取出(chu)來(lai),然(ran)后(hou)在試(shi)管里培(pei)(pei)養(yang)這個(ge)細(xi)胞。當他在培(pei)(pei)養(yang)這個(ge)細(xi)胞的時候(hou)給它(ta)一個(ge)純凈(jing)(jing)的環境,而這個(ge)細(xi)胞所分泌出(chu)來(lai)的所有(you)骯臟的東西、排泄(xie)物都把它(ta)清(qing)得干干凈(jing)(jing)凈(jing)(jing),他得出(chu)一個(ge)結(jie)論:我可以永永遠(yuan)遠(yuan)地把這個(ge)細(xi)胞培(pei)(pei)養(yang)下去。

人原本可以(yi)長(chang)壽,但為何不能?從細胞(bao)學的(de)角度來講,人的(de)壽命就(jiu)(jiu)好像一部汽車(che),汽車(che)設定了(le)使用年限,等(deng)到要(yao)壞(huai)的(de)時(shi)候很多地方(fang)一起壞(huai),因為它的(de)年限已經到了(le)。細胞(bao)可以(yi)耐(nai)50次(ci)的(de)分裂,即是說人的(de)“端粒酶”可以(yi)斷50次(ci),就(jiu)(jiu)沒了(le)。1只(zhi)兔(tu)子的(de)只(zhi)能斷10次(ci)就(jiu)(jiu)沒了(le),1只(zhi)烏(wu)龜可以(yi)斷到2000次(ci),所以(yi)烏(wu)龜長(chang)命!癌細胞(bao)可以(yi)永遠不斷!它斷后(hou)另一個又生出來,所以(yi)癌細胞(bao)是不會死的(de)。

平均大概2.5年,我們全身的細胞要分裂一次;人的“端粒酶”可以分裂50次,也就是說你可以用50次。所以,這個身體設定給我們用的時間是120年,年限是120年!為何人可以長壽,從細胞學的理論是可以達到的,黃帝問道廣成子,廣成子自言1200歲了,彭祖800多歲,漢鐘離權仙翁度唐朝呂洞賓仙(xian)翁,從漢朝(chao)經(jing)(jing)魏晉南北朝(chao)到唐(tang)朝(chao)已歷經(jing)(jing)幾百年了。是以(yi)人的壽命如何延長是生命道(dao)教硏(yan)究探討的一門學問,正所謂(wei):

春來(lai)人間百(bai)花開,夏至萬物欣欣榮。

秋月圓(yuan)(yuan)滿人團圓(yuan)(yuan),冬(dong)冰(bing)盡頭一陽生。

滾滾紅塵何(he)時(shi)盡,人生在世為(wei)何(he)來。

一輪(lun)明月(yue)照(zhao)心頭(tou),啟(qi)動心光弘道德(de)。

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