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三茅真君

大(da)道家園(yuan) 2023-04-21 12:04:11

三茅真君(jun)(jun),為(wei)漢代(dai)修(xiu)道成仙(xian)的(de)茅盈(ying)、茅固(gu)、茅衷三兄弟,是道教(jiao)(jiao)茅山派的(de)祖師。道教(jiao)(jiao)稱為(wei)大(da)茅君(jun)(jun)茅盈(ying)、中(zhong)茅君(jun)(jun)茅固(gu)和三茅君(jun)(jun)茅衷。

據《梁(liang)書(shu)·陶弘景傳》載:"句容(rong)之(zhi)句曲山(shan),恒曰此山(shan)下是第八(ba)洞,名曰金壇華(hua)陽之(zhi)天,周圍一百五十里。昔漢有咸陽三茅君得(de)道,來此掌(zhang)山(shan),固(gu)謂之(zhi)茅山(shan)。他們大約是漢景帝時(shi)候(hou)(前(qian)156-前(qian)140年)的人。

三茅真君原來是出生在咸陽南關的三兄弟。大茅君茅盈,字申叔,十八歲時就棄家赴北岳恒山讀老子書及《易》經,服餌內修積六年,后面見西王母,受玉佩金鐺之道、太極玄真之經,四十九歲時學成得道而歸。 中茅君茅固,字季偉,漢景帝時舉孝廉,累遷至武威太守。三茅君茅衷,字思和,漢宣帝時遷洛陽令,后拜為五更大夫、西河太守。茅盈飛升后,兩兄弟均棄官還家,求兄于東山。茅盈乃授以延年不死之法。兩兄弟修道三年,佩服九轉還丹后,亦飛升成仙。

茅(mao)(mao)氏三真(zhen)得道后(hou),來句(ju)容(rong)之句(ju)曲(qu)(qu)山(shan)(shan)(今江(jiang)蘇省句(ju)容(rong)之茅(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)),掌管(guan)此山(shan)(shan),故句(ju)曲(qu)(qu)山(shan)(shan)后(hou)名(ming)茅(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)。齊梁陶(tao)弘(hong)景(jing)編定(ding)之《真(zhen)靈位業(ye)圖》,即(ji)稱(cheng)(cheng)大(da)茅(mao)(mao)君茅(mao)(mao)盈(ying)為(wei)「司(si)(si)命(ming)(ming)東岳上真(zhen)卿太元真(zhen)人茅(mao)(mao)君」,列上清(qing)左位;稱(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)茅(mao)(mao)君為(wei)“句(ju)曲(qu)(qu)山(shan)(shan)真(zhen)人定(ding)祿右(you)禁(jin)師茅(mao)(mao)君”「右(you)禁(jin)郎定(ding)祿真(zhen)君中(zhong)茅(mao)(mao)君」,列太清(qing)左位和第(di)六中(zhong)位;稱(cheng)(cheng)三茅(mao)(mao)君為(wei)「三官保命(ming)(ming)小(xiao)茅(mao)(mao)君」,列第(di)六左位。宋太宗和宋真(zhen)宗、徽(hui)宗、理宗等屢有加封。茅(mao)(mao)盈(ying)被(bei)封為(wei)「上茅(mao)(mao)九(jiu)天上卿司(si)(si)命(ming)(ming)太元妙道沖虛圣佑(you)真(zhen)應(ying)真(zhen)君」,茅(mao)(mao)固被(bei)封為(wei)「中(zhong)茅(mao)(mao)地(di)仙上真(zhen)定(ding)祿右(you)禁(jin)至道沖靜德(de)佑(you)妙應(ying)真(zhen)君」,茅(mao)(mao)衷被(bei)封為(wei)「下茅(mao)(mao)地(di)仙至真(zhen)三官保命(ming)(ming)微妙沖慧神佑(you)神應(ying)真(zhen)君」,總(zong)稱(cheng)(cheng)三茅(mao)(mao)真(zhen)君。

在(zai)(zai)江蘇省(sheng)境內,有(you)(you)兩座茅(mao)山。一(yi)座在(zai)(zai)長江以南(nan)的句容市,稱南(nan)茅(mao)山;另一(yi)座在(zai)(zai)長江北岸(an)的興化市,叫(jiao)北茅(mao)山。清代乾隆年間,以考證(zheng)考據(ju)而(er)聞(wen)名天(tian)下的揚州(zhou)學派代表人物(wu)任大椿在(zai)(zai)《過茅(mao)山碑記》中(zhong)說(shuo)(shuo):「北茅(mao)山為三茅(mao)真君初(chu)煉(lian)道之地(di)」。 這就是說(shuo)(shuo),西漢(han)景(jing)帝時期,茅(mao)盈、茅(mao)固、茅(mao)衷弟(di)兄(xiong)三人最(zui)初(chu)在(zai)(zai)北茅(mao)山修道拯民,因而(er)稱為茅(mao)山。后來他們受請往江南(nan)句曲山,這才有(you)(you)了南(nan)北茅(mao)山之分。

另外一種傳說為(wei)早(zao)在漢代,陜(shan)西咸陽,有茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)氏(shi)三兄(xiong)弟,兄(xiong)茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)盈,二(er)弟茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)固(gu),三弟茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)衷(zhong),看(kan)破紅塵,寫下“春日才看(kan)楊柳綠,秋(qiu)風又見(jian)菊花(hua)黃,榮(rong)華(hua)終是三更(geng)夢,富貴還同九(jiu)月霜”的(de)感嘆,遂尋山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)修道。他們(men)披星戴(dai)月,餐風宿露,晝夜兼(jian)程,行(xing)至黃海之濱(bin),見(jian)一高山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),林木參天,綠蔭蔽日,芳草(cao)如茵,香茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)遍地(di),便留山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)隱居,修道養性,采(cai)藥煉丹(dan),濟世救(jiu)人。日久(jiu),茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)氏(shi)兄(xiong)弟,終成(cheng)正果,名列仙班。后人因此(ci)建三茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)道觀,稱(cheng)(cheng)他們(men)為(wei)三茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)真(zhen)(zhen)人,稱(cheng)(cheng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為(wei)三茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。慕名來(lai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)學道者(zhe)(zhe)、求醫者(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)絕(jue)于途(tu)。其時,江(jiang)南句容(rong)一帶(dai),瘟疫流行(xing),聞(wen)江(jiang)北茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有三茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)真(zhen)(zhen)人道法高超,醫術高明,能治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)百(bai)(bai)病(bing),便來(lai)人求治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),三茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)真(zhen)(zhen)人欣然前往,居句曲山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)華(hua)陽洞。經真(zhen)(zhen)人救(jiu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),病(bing)愈者(zhe)(zhe)數百(bai)(bai)人。三茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)真(zhen)(zhen)君(jun)仙逝后,人們(men)感恩戴(dai)德,建廟山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巔,塑像(xiang)供(gong)祀。此(ci)后,句曲山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)改(gai)稱(cheng)(cheng)南茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),江(jiang)北三茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)改(gai)稱(cheng)(cheng)北茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),簡稱(cheng)(cheng)茅(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。

三茅(mao)真(zhen)(zhen)君(jun)(jun)以(yi)司命、保命、定祿(lu)(lu)為(wei)名(ming),亦以(yi)司命、定祿(lu)(lu)為(wei)職。據(ju)《太(tai)(tai)元真(zhen)(zhen)人東(dong)岳上卿司命真(zhen)(zhen)君(jun)(jun)傳》稱(cheng),大茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)茅(mao)盈治(zhi)宮在赤城玉洞之(zhi)府,有玉童玉女(nv)各四十人,出入太(tai)(tai)微,受(shou)事(shi)太(tai)(tai)極,總括(kuo)東(dong)岳,司命司祿(lu)(lu)。中茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)和三茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)僅為(wei)地(di)仙(xian)。中茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)治(zhi)茅(mao)山(shan),兼統地(di)真(zhen)(zhen)。三茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)治(zhi)良常(chang)之(zhi)山(shan),總括(kuo)岱宗(zong),領生記生,位為(wei)地(di)仙(xian)九宮之(zhi)英(ying),勸教童蒙(meng),教訓女(nv)官,授(shou)諸(zhu)妙靈,蒞治(zhi)百鬼,鎮陰宮之(zhi)門。

相傳,大茅(mao)君(jun)茅(mao)盈出(chu)生(sheng)于漢景帝(di)中(zhong)元(yuan)五年(nian)(公元(yuan)前145年(nian))十(shi)月初三(san)日,于天漢四年(nian)(公元(yuan)前97年(nian))三(san)月十(shi)八日得道(dao)升天。今江(jiang)蘇(su)省茅(mao)山以奉祀三(san)茅(mao)真君(jun)著(zhu)稱于世,其進香(xiang)之(zhi)香(xiang)期(qi)(qi)為農歷之(zhi)正月至三(san)月,當系大茅(mao)君(jun)得道(dao)之(zhi)時日為進香(xiang)之(zhi)高(gao)潮(chao)期(qi)(qi)。

三茅(mao)真君傳說(shuo)

1、茅盈(ying)傳(chuan)說(shuo)。起(qi)初在魏晉民間傳(chuan)說(shuo)中,只有(you)茅盈(ying)得道成仙(xian)(xian),晉葛洪(hong)《神仙(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)》說(shuo):茅盈(ying)是幽卅人,在齊地學道二十年,回(hui)鄉后極有(you)法術,能治病(bing)救災,起(qi)死(si)回(hui)生,善于變化(hua),外物莫能傷害。乘羽(yu)蓋升入(ru)仙(xian)(xian)界后,“遠(yuan)近為之立(li)廟奉(feng)祀之”。

南北朝時,民間則傳(chuan)說三(san)兄弟(di)(di)(di)俱成神仙(xian)(xian)。《漢武帝(di)內傳(chuan)》說茅盈在漢宣(xuan)帝(di)地(di)節(jie)(前(qian)69—前(qian)65年)四(si)年(公元前(qian)66年)受黃金九錫之命(ming)(ming)(ming),為“東(dong)岳上卿司命(ming)(ming)(ming)真君(jun)”,他的二位弟(di)(di)(di)弟(di)(di)(di)也(ye)都列(lie)入仙(xian)(xian)班,分別被封為“定錄君(jun)”和“保(bao)命(ming)(ming)(ming)君(jun)”。宋時,太宗(zong)(zong)真宗(zong)(zong)封他們為“真應(ying)真君(jun)”、“妙應(ying)真君(jun)”和“神應(ying)真君(jun)”,統稱(cheng)“九天(tian)司命(ming)(ming)(ming)三(san)茅應(ying)化真君(jun)”,后世稱(cheng)之為“三(san)茅真君(jun)”。

2、茅固傳說。二茅君名固,字季(ji)偉。《茅山(shan)志》、《歷(li)世真(zhen)仙體道(dao)(dao)通鑒(jian)》載其曾官拜執金吾,聽說兄(xiong)長(chang)茅盈學仙得道(dao)(dao),遂棄官渡江,從兄(xiong)入(ru)句曲山(shan)學道(dao)(dao),后(hou)得道(dao)(dao)仙成。《后(hou)漢書·郭太守傳》附(fu)有《茅季(ji)偉傳》,后(hou)漢流行(xing)《茅山(shan)父老歌(ge)》,又作《三茅歌(ge)謠(yao)》,即頌詠(yong)三茅事跡。梁(liang)陶弘景《真(zhen)靈(ling)位業圖(tu)》將(jiang)茅固列為太清左位,名“句曲山(shan)真(zhen)人定錄右禁師茅君”。

3、茅(mao)衷傳說。三(san)茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)名衷,字思和。曾(ceng)為(wei)五官(guan)大夫、西河(he)太守。聞兄長茅(mao)盈(ying)得道(dao)(dao),棄官(guan)渡江,從兄學道(dao)(dao)于句曲山(shan),后治良常(chang)山(shan),得仙道(dao)(dao)。梁陶弘(hong)景《真(zhen)靈(ling)位業(ye)圖(tu)》將茅(mao)衷列為(wei)第六中位,名“右(you)禁郎定真(zhen)君(jun)(jun)中茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)”,治華(hua)陽(yang)洞天。宋代(dai)敕封真(zhen)君(jun)(jun)。

茅(mao)盈之(zhi)名,始見于漢代(dai)緯書,《尚書帝驗期》云:"王(wang)母(mu)之(zhi)國在(zai)西荒,凡得道受書者,皆朝王(wang)母(mu)于昆侖之(zhi)闕。……茅(mao)盈從西城王(wang)君,詣白(bai)玉龜臺,朝謁王(wang)母(mu),求長(chang)生之(zhi)道。王(wang)母(mu)授以玄(xuan)真之(zhi)經,又授寶書。"

①葛洪《神(shen)仙(xian)傳》卷五《茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》云(yun):"茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)者,名(ming)盈,字叔(shu)申,咸(xian)陽人(ren)(ren)也,高祖父蒙字初成(cheng),學(xue)道于(yu)華山,丹成(cheng),乘赤龍而(er)升天,即(ji)秦(qin)始(shi)皇時(shi)也。有童謠曰(yue)(yue):'神(shen)仙(xian)得(de)(de)者盈初成(cheng),駕龍上天升太清,時(shi)下(xia)玄洲戲赤城,繼世而(er)往在我盈,帝(di)若學(xue)之臘嘉平。'"秦(qin)始(shi)皇聞之,"以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)己姓符合謠讖(chen),當得(de)(de)升天,遂詔改臘為(wei)(wei)(wei)'嘉平'。""茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)十八歲入恒山學(xue)道,積二十年,道成(cheng)而(er)歸(gui),父母(mu)尚存(cun),見之怒曰(yue)(yue):'為(wei)(wei)(wei)子不(bu)孝,不(bu)親供養,而(er)尋逐妖妄(wang),流走四方,!舉杖(zhang)欲擊之。君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)跪謝……父怒不(bu)已,操(cao)杖(zhang)擊之,杖(zhang)即(ji)摧(cui)折(zhe)而(er)成(cheng)數十段,……父驚即(ji)止。"父問:"汝言得(de)(de)道,能起(qi)死(si)人(ren)(ren)否"?君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)曰(yue)(yue):"死(si)人(ren)(ren)罪重惡(e)積不(bu)可復生者,即(ji)不(bu)可起(qi)也,若橫受短折(zhe)者,即(ji)可令起(qi)也。"《神(shen)仙(xian)傳》記其(qi)事,并稱(cheng)有驗。后茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)與(yu)父母(mu)宗親辭別(bie),登羽蓋車(che)而(er)去(qu),至江(jiang)南治于(yu)句曲山。山下(xia)之人(ren)(ren),為(wei)(wei)(wei)立廟而(er)奉事之。遠(yuan)近之人(ren)(ren),賴君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之德,無水(shui)旱疾(ji)癘螟蝗(huang)之災,時(shi)人(ren)(ren)因呼此山為(wei)(wei)(wei)茅(mao)山。茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)弟(di)(di)名(ming)固,字季偉,次(ci)弟(di)(di)名(ming)衷(zhong),字思和,仕漢位至二千(qian)石。"后二弟(di)(di)年衰,各七八十歲,棄官棄家,過江(jiang)尋兄,君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)使服(fu)四扇(shan)散,卻老(lao)還嬰,于(yu)山下(xia)洞中修煉(lian)四十余年,亦得(de)(de)成(cheng)真(zhen)(zhen)。太上老(lao)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)命五帝(di)使者持節……加九錫之命,拜君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)太元真(zhen)(zhen)人(ren)(ren)東岳上卿司命真(zhen)(zhen)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),主(zhu)吳越生死(si)之籍。……又使使者以(yi)紫素策文(wen)拜固為(wei)(wei)(wei)定錄君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),衷(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)保(bao)命君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),皆列上真(zhen)(zhen),故號三茅(mao)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)焉。"

②《太(tai)平廣記》卷十三和《廣漢魏叢書》皆收(shou)《神仙傳》,但其《茅君傳》皆稱(cheng):"茅君者,幽州人,學道于齊",則為舛錯之文。

③《云笈(ji)七(qi)簽(qian)(qian)》卷百零(ling)四有《太(tai)元真人東岳上卿司命真君傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》,署"弟子中(zhong)候仙人李(li)道字(zi)安林撰(zhuan)(zhuan)"。陳國(guo)符(fu)先生據(ju)《真誥》卷八、九、十一(yi)諸注考證,認定(ding)此傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)即(ji)晉(jin)代所(suo)出(chu)之(zhi)《茅三君傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》。據(ju)《真誥》卷八注:"李(li)中(zhong)候,名遵(zun),即(ji)撰(zhuan)(zhuan)《茅三君》者",其(qi)作(zuo)者當為李(li)遵(zun),《云笈(ji)七(qi)簽(qian)(qian)》傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)所(suo)署之(zhi)"李(li)道",蓋誤。又(you)據(ju)卷十一(yi)注考證,該傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)似又(you)"出(chu)自(zi)長史(指許(xu)謐--引者注,故亦(yi)于晉(jin)代出(chu)世。"

④總之,作者為上清派道士。該傳內容本葛洪《神仙傳》,但有增益。(一)增寫了三茅祖、父輩之履歷。謂:"高祖父諱蒙,字初成,……知周之衰,不仕諸侯,乃師于北郭北阿鬼谷先生,遂隱遁華山。……曾祖父諱偃,字泰能,蒙之第四子也,仕秦昭王之世,位為舍人,稍遷車騎校尉長平恭侯。……祖父諱嘉,字正倫,仕秦莊王為廣信侯,始皇即位,嘉輔帝室,……以嘉為德信侯。"父"諱祚,字彥英,不仕不學,志愿農巷"。(二)增寫了茅盈從師學道事跡。謂:"盈年十八,遂棄家委親,入于恒山,讀老子《道德經》及《周易傳》采取山術而餌服之,……盈于恒山積六年,思念至道,誠感密應,(神告之)曰:'西城有王君得真道,可為君師'……明辰……徑到西城……卒見王君。后二十年,從王君西至龜山見王母,……口告盈以玉佩金珰之道,太極玄真之經。"

⑤《茅山志》卷二(er)十收載上清派道士(shi)張繹于梁(liang)普通三(san)(san)(san)年(522)所立(li)之(zhi)《九錫真人三(san)(san)(san)茅君碑》,所記三(san)(san)(san)茅事較簡約,系(xi)年稍異(yi)。

約于(yu)唐(tang)代成書(shu)的《集仙(xian)傳(chuan)·大茅(mao)(mao)君(jun)(jun)》稱(cheng),漢元壽二(er)年八(ba)月己酉,南岳(yue)真人赤君(jun)(jun)、西城王君(jun)(jun)及諸青(qing)童(tong)并(bing)從王母(mu)降于(yu)盈(ying)(ying)(ying)室,頃(qing)之(zhi)(zhi),天(tian)皇大帝、太(tai)微帝君(jun)(jun)、太(tai)上大道(dao)君(jun)(jun)、金闕(que)圣君(jun)(jun)分(fen)別(bie)派使者(zhe)(zhe)賜(si)茅(mao)(mao)盈(ying)(ying)(ying)以衣冠、玉璽、金鈴、神(shen)芝(zhi)及爵位(wei),并(bing)告盈(ying)(ying)(ying)曰:"食四節隱芝(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),位(wei)為真卿,食金闕(que)玉芝(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),位(wei)為司命(ming)(ming),……子盡食之(zhi)(zhi)矣,壽齊天(tian)地,位(wei)為司命(ming)(ming)上真、東岳(yue)上卿,統吳越(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)仙(xian),綜江左之(zhi)(zhi)山源矣。……五帝君(jun)(jun)各以方面車服降于(yu)其(qi)庭,傳(chuan)太(tai)帝之(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)(ming),賜(si)紫玉之(zhi)(zhi)版,黃金刻書(shu)九錫之(zhi)(zhi)文,拜盈(ying)(ying)(ying)為東岳(yue)上卿司命(ming)(ming)真君(jun)(jun)太(tai)元真人。"又說,在此之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),"王母(mu)命(ming)(ming)上元夫(fu)人授茅(mao)(mao)固(gu)、茅(mao)(mao)衷《太(tai)霄隱書(shu)》《丹(dan)景(jing)道(dao)精(jing)》等(deng)四部寶經,……事(shi)訖(qi),西王母(mu)升天(tian)而(er)去:"⑥至此,三茅(mao)(mao)君(jun)(jun)的事(shi)跡也基本定型,此后(hou)元趙(zhao)道(dao)一《歷世真仙(xian)體道(dao)通鑒》卷(juan)(juan)十六《茅(mao)(mao)盈(ying)(ying)(ying)傳(chuan)》、張(zhang)雨《玄品錄》卷(juan)(juan)二(er)《三茅(mao)(mao)君(jun)(jun)傳(chuan)》、《茅(mao)(mao)山志》卷(juan)(juan)五《三神(shen)紀》等(deng),皆(jie)據上述諸傳(chuan)以成篇,無大增益。

至宋(song)(song)代(dai),三(san)茅君(jun)(jun)始得皇帝封號,宋(song)(song)徽宗崇寧元(yuan)年(1102),封大茅君(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)"太元(yuan)妙(miao)道(dao)(dao)真(zhen)人(ren)東岳(yue)上(shang)卿司(si)命(ming)神(shen)君(jun)(jun)",中茅君(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)"定錄右(you)禁沖靜真(zhen)人(ren)",小茅君(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)"三(san)官(guan)保命(ming)沖惠(hui)真(zhen)人(ren)"。宋(song)(song)理宗淳(chun)祐九年(1249),加封大茅君(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)"太元(yuan)妙(miao)道(dao)(dao)沖虛圣(sheng)佑真(zhen)君(jun)(jun)東岳(yue)上(shang)卿司(si)命(ming)神(shen)君(jun)(jun)",中茅君(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)"定錄右(you)禁至道(dao)(dao)沖靜德佑真(zhen)君(jun)(jun)",小茅君(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)"三(san)官(guan)保命(ming)微妙(miao)沖惠(hui)仁佑真(zhen)君(jun)(jun)"。⑦總稱三(san)茅真(zhen)君(jun)(jun)。

注:

①《重修(xiu)緯書集成》卷(juan)二,第67頁,日本明德出版社,昭和50年

②《景印(yin)文淵閣四庫全(quan)書》第(di)1051冊280~282頁,臺灣(wan)商(shang)務印(yin)書館,1983年

③《四庫(ku)全(quan)書(shu)(shu)·神(shen)仙傳(chuan)》提要云:"此(ci)本(ben)為毛晉所刊(kan),……征引此(ci)書(shu)(shu),以《三國志》注為最古(gu),然悉與此(ci)本(ben)相(xiang)(xiang)合(he),知為原帙。《漢魏叢(cong)書(shu)(shu)》別載一本(ben),其(qi)文大略(lve)相(xiang)(xiang)同,而所載凡九十(shi)二(er)人,核其(qi)篇第(di),蓋從《太平廣(guang)記(ji)》所引抄(chao)合(he)而成,《廣(guang)記(ji)》標題,問有(you)舛錯,……其(qi)本(ben)頗(po)有(you)訛漏。"

④《道藏(zang)源流(liu)考》上冊9~10頁,中華書局,1963年

⑤⑦《道藏》第(di)22冊(ce)707~710頁(ye),第(di)5冊(ce)561~562頁(ye),572~573頁(ye),文物出(chu)版(ban)社、上海書店、天(tian)津古籍出(chu)版(ban)社聯(lian)合出(chu)版(ban),1988年

⑥《太平(ping)廣記》第(di)1冊78~79頁,中華書(shu)局,1961年(nian)

(圖片提供者(zhe):朱(zhu)高杰(jie)道長)




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