蒲察道淵(yuan)(1152~1204)號通(tong)微子,上京(今吉林白(bai)城(cheng))人(ren),其(qi)祖以金朝(chao)開(kai)國佐命(ming)功(gong)封襲(xi)千戶,遂為(wei)燕(yan)都巨室。少年(nian)慕道,逃婚漯陽南(nan)山。后因父(fu)母辭(ci)世,隨舅父(fu)入居(ju)(ju)長安。舅父(fu)任職京兆府,再度為(wei)他擇偶,他“自潔其(qi)形(xing)”(閹(yan)割(ge))而后免。據《通(tong)微真人(ren)蒲察尊師(shi)道仙碑》載:大定二十一年(nian)(1181),蒲察道淵(yuan)到西安后,清明(ming)時游興(xing)慶(qing)池,遇女冠鎦(liu)(liu)瓊,向她打聽長春(chun)所在。鎦(liu)(liu)瓊告訴他:“吾師(shi)今隱隴山,翌日徑往參謁”。當蒲察將到的時候(hou),邱(qiu)長春(chun)真人(ren)對畢知常說(shuo),“有(you)自燕(yan)都來受教者”。其(qi)遂成為(wei)邱(qiu)處機留居(ju)(ju)關中的得力弟子。
七年(nian)后,長春真(zhen)人去(qu)終南山主持(chi)祖庭重陽宮,其相(xiang)伴。師(shi)徒途經湃陽,對城南石(shi)門(men)勝景萌生興趣(qu),遂在(zai)石(shi)門(men)北乞地數畝,建(jian)miao曰(yue)“全真(zhen)堂(tang)”,并留(liu)其主持(chi)堂(tang)事,再不遠游。
邱處(chu)機祖(zu)(zu)師對(dui)蒲(pu)察道(dao)淵頗為(wei)器重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),東歸(gui)時(shi)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)善慶(qing)(qing)說:“人需(xu)友(you)(you)以(yi)成,友(you)(you)不可不擇(ze),蒲(pu)察道(dao)淵者,心(xin)存至道(dao),是人必能輔成爾業(ye)”。于(yu)(yu)(yu)善慶(qing)(qing)遂于(yu)(yu)(yu)蒲(pu)察為(wei)友(you)(you)。明(ming)昌(chang)(chang)二年(nian)(1191),于(yu)(yu)(yu)善慶(qing)(qing)奉(feng)邱處(chu)機命至汧陽(yang)(yang)(今陜(shan)西(xi)千陽(yang)(yang)縣(xian)),與(yu)蒲(pu)察道(dao)淵共居全真(zhen)(zhen)堂,結為(wei)方外之友(you)(you)。不久(jiu),于(yu)(yu)(yu)善慶(qing)(qing)又隱(yin)于(yu)(yu)(yu)吳岳東南峰,二人亦(yi)時(shi)常(chang)往(wang)來(lai)。明(ming)昌(chang)(chang)六年(nian)(1195),金(jin)廷禁罷全真(zhen)(zhen)道(dao),關中(zhong)及(ji)中(zhong)原各(ge)地不少道(dao)流紛紛尋往(wang)汧陽(yang)(yang),投蒲(pu)察道(dao)淵之門。承安三年(nian)(1198)汧陽(yang)(yang)縣(xian)民集(ji)資向禮部申買(mai)觀(guan)(guan)額(e),改全真(zhen)(zhen)堂為(wei)玉(yu)清(qing)(qing)觀(guan)(guan),由此擴為(wei)一處(chu)大(da)型宮(gong)觀(guan)(guan)。金(jin)末正大(da)年(nian)間,玉(yu)清(qing)(qing)觀(guan)(guan)被兵火焚毀(hui)。元太宗十年(nian)(1238),于(yu)(yu)(yu)善慶(qing)(qing)住持(chi)終南祖(zu)(zu)庭(ting)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陽(yang)(yang)宮(gong),主領陜(shan)右(you)教(jiao)事,遣重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陽(yang)(yang)宮(gong)講師馮道(dao)真(zhen)(zhen)(號圓明(ming))及(ji)道(dao)士高道(dao)寬(后住持(chi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陽(yang)(yang)宮(gong))、魏道(dao)陽(yang)(yang)赴(fu)汧陽(yang)(yang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建玉(yu)清(qing)(qing)觀(guan)(guan)并(bing)升為(wei)宮(gong)。在(zai)隴(long)州元帥(shuai)姬(ji)德通的扶持(chi)下(xia),歷(li)23年(nian)之久(jiu),玉(yu)清(qing)(qing)宮(gong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建完成。據《有元重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修玉(yu)清(qing)(qing)萬壽宮(gong)碑》形容:“題節山層,丹艧翚飛,林(lin)林(lin)百楹,如峙如立”,可見(jian)規模之宏(hong)偉(wei)。
金泰(tai)和(he)四年(1204),道淵逝(shi),享(xiang)年53歲,葬于天池(今千(qian)陽縣東河溝(gou))。
(選自《陜西省志-宗教志》,并根據《千陽縣志》增補)
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